Service code block stream transmission method, service quality monitoring method and service quality monitoring system

Abstract

The invention discloses a service code block stream transmission method, a service quality monitoring method and a service quality monitoring system, and belongs to the technical field of communication. According to the application, a target service code block stream sent by a second communication device is received, an original OAM code block is modified into a first OAM code block in the target service code block stream, and the value of a target field of the first OAM code block is a target value corresponding to a target TCM segment; and transmitting the modified target service code block stream. According to the invention, the service quality of different layers of networks in the service pipeline can be monitored hierarchically, and the monitoring strength of the quality condition of the pipeline is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a method for transmitting a service code block stream, and a method and system for monitoring service quality. Background Art

[0002] The rapid increase in user network information traffic has led to the rapid development of communication network information transmission bandwidth. The interface bandwidth speed of communication equipment has increased from 10M (unit: bit / second, the same as the following content) to 100G bandwidth speed, and a large number of 100G optical modules have been commercialized in the market. At present, 400G optical modules have been developed, but the price of 400G optical modules is expensive, exceeding the price of 4 100G optical modules, resulting in the lack of commercial economic value of 400G optical modules. In order to transmit 400G services on 100G optical modules, the International Standards Organization has defined the FlexE (Flexible Ethernet) protocol. Through the FlexE protocol, four 100G optical modules are combined to form a 400G transmission channel, which is equivalent to the transmission speed of one 400G optical module, solving the transmission demand of 400G services without increasing costs.

[0003] When the FlexE protocol is used to carry customer service code streams, the MTN (Metro Transport Network) standard specification defines the addition of an Operation Administration Maintenance (OAM) code block for monitoring the quality of channel bearer in the transmission of customer service code streams. The code block is used to detect the service quality status of the pipeline that carries customer services, such as the bit error rate, delay time, and service discard of the pipeline.

[0004] However, the current MTN standard specifications can only implement the end-to-end OAM function of the bearer pipe, and cannot provide the layered and segmented supervision function (TCM: Tandem Connection Monitor) of the service pipe, and thus cannot effectively monitor the service quality of different layers of the network (each layer is a sub-network) in a layered manner, and the monitoring of the pipe quality status is relatively poor. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of this application is to provide a method for transmitting a business code block stream, a method and system for monitoring service quality, aiming to solve the current technical problem that the service quality of different layers of networks in a service pipeline cannot be effectively layered and monitored, and the monitoring of pipeline quality status is poor.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present application provides a method for transmitting a service code block stream, which is applied to a first communication device, including: Receiving a target service code block stream sent by a second communication device, wherein the first communication device and the second communication device are communication devices in a service pipe carrying the target service, and the first communication device is set as a source end of a target tandem connection monitoring TCM segment; Modifying the original OAM code block into a first OAM code block in the target service code block stream, wherein the value of the target field of the first OAM code block is a target value corresponding to the target tandem connection monitoring TCM segment; The modified target service code block stream is transmitted.

[0007] In addition, to achieve the above purpose, the present application also provides a service quality monitoring method, which is applied to a third communication device, including: Receiving a target service code block stream sent by a fourth communication device, wherein the third communication device and the fourth communication device are communication devices in a service pipe carrying the target service, and the third communication device is set as a sink of a target TCM segment; Monitoring the service quality of the target TCM segment by detecting a first OAM code block in the target service code block stream, wherein a value of a target field of the first OAM code block is a target value corresponding to the target TCM segment; The first OAM code block is restored to the original OAM code block in the target service code block stream, and the restored target service code block stream is transmitted to a fifth communication device, wherein the original OAM code block is an OAM code block before being modified into the first OAM code block, and the fifth communication device is a communication device located downstream of the third communication device in the service pipe.

[0008] In addition, to achieve the above purpose, the present application also provides a service quality monitoring system, including: A first communication device, configured to execute the method for transmitting a service code block stream as described in any one of the above items; The third communication device is used to execute the service quality monitoring method as described in any one of the above items.

[0009] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application also provides a communication device, which includes a processor and a memory, and the memory stores programs or instructions that can be run on the processor. When the program or instructions are executed by the processor, the method for transmitting the service code block stream as described in any one of the above items is implemented, and / or the service quality monitoring method as described above is implemented.

[0010] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the method for transmitting a service code block stream as described in any of the above items is implemented, and / or the method for monitoring service quality as described in any of the above items is implemented.

[0011] In the embodiment of the present application, the service pipeline of the target service is divided into multiple TCM segments. The source end of the TCM segment modifies the original OAM code block into a first OAM code block in the target service code stream. The value of the target field of the first OAM code block is a target value corresponding to the TCM segment, so that the sink segment of the TCM segment can monitor the service quality of the corresponding TCM segment by detecting the first OAM code block, thereby realizing layered or segmented supervision of the service pipeline, and thereby improving the monitoring intensity of the pipeline quality status.

[0012] It is worth mentioning that in order to provide the TCM function for the network, the OAM information code block type of the TCM layer is defined. The source devices of different TCM layers (for example, the first segment TCM, the second segment TCM, and the third segment TCM) need to insert the OAM code blocks of this layer type. The sink device receives the OAM code blocks of the TCM function of this layer type to analyze and check to obtain the service quality of the TCM segment of this layer. However, this implementation method requires the source device of the TCM segment of this layer to insert a new OAM code block (the OAM code block of the TCM function of this layer type). The source device of the TCM segment of each layer needs to insert the OAM code block. After inserting the OAM code block, the number of service code block flows increases, resulting in a decrease in transmission speed. Some idle code blocks need to be deleted accordingly to keep the service code block flow speed unchanged. In some application scenarios, due to the low customer speed and the small number of idle code blocks in the customer service flow, the target service code block flow can no longer insert new OAM code blocks, making it impossible to implement the TCM function of the service pipeline.

[0013] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application divides the service pipeline of the target service into multiple TCM segments. The source end of the TCM segment modifies the original OAM code block into a first OAM code block in the target service code stream. The value of the target field of the first OAM code block is the target value corresponding to the TCM segment, thereby realizing the TCM function without additionally inserting the OAM code block of the TCM function. After the host end of the TCM segment receives the first OAM code block, it restores the first OAM code block to the original OAM code block and then forwards it to the downstream device. The host end of the TCM segment realizes the maintenance and management function of this TCM layer by extracting the information content of this TCM layer.

[0014] That is to say, in the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the source device of each TCM layer does not need to insert a new OAM code block, but modifies the type of the received OAM code block to the OAM type of the current TCM layer, and then restores the original OAM code block type on the host device of the TCM layer, so that the TCM layer can directly borrow the channel layer OAM code block to disguise the OAM code block of the current TCM layer type, and realize the maintenance and management function of the TCM layer without the need to insert additional OAM code blocks. The embodiment of the present application can realize the transmission of OAM information of all TCM layers directly by borrowing the channel layer OAM code block, and by expanding the TCM field on the basis of the existing OAM, the layered TCM function is realized in the networking, thereby solving the current technical problems of being unable to effectively monitor the service quality of different layers of the network in the service pipeline in a layered manner and the poor monitoring of the pipeline quality status. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a 400G transmission channel in the related art is shown; Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the encoding rule of 64 / 66 encoding in the related art is shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a service code stream in the related art is shown; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of inserting an OAM code block into a service code stream in the related art is shown; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of implementing the OAM function in the related art is shown; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of an OAM code block in the related art is shown; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a service channel for carrying a service according to an exemplary embodiment is shown; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the process of transmitting a service code block stream provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown; Fig. 9 A flow chart of a method for monitoring quality of service provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown; Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of an OAM code block according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of segmented monitoring according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of an OAM code block according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of an OAM code block according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig.14 is a schematic diagram of an OAM code block according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig.15 is a schematic diagram of an OAM code block according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig.16 is a schematic diagram of an OAM code block according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the channel layer to detect bit error conditions; Fig.18 is a schematic diagram of an OAM code block carrying a BIP calculation result of a transmitting end according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig.19 is a schematic diagram showing an exemplary embodiment of implementing a bit error monitoring function in a hierarchical TCM; Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of an OAM code block carrying a BIP calculation result of a transmitting end according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig.21 is a schematic diagram showing an exemplary embodiment of implementing a bit error monitoring function in a hierarchical TCM; Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of an OAM code block carrying a BIP calculation result of a transmitting end according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig.23 is a schematic diagram of an OAM code block carrying a BIP calculation result of a transmitting end according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig.24 is a schematic diagram of an OAM code block carrying a BIP calculation result of a transmitting end according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig.25 is a schematic diagram of an OAM code block carrying a BIP calculation result of a transmitting end according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig.26 is a structural diagram of a service quality monitoring system according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig. 27 It is a structural block diagram of a communication device according to an exemplary embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0018] The continuous growth of communication network business traffic has led to a rapid increase in the business bandwidth of communication equipment. The interface speed of communication equipment has increased from 10M bandwidth to 100M, and then to 1G and 10G. The business speed has doubled every few years to meet the demand for business traffic on the network.

[0019] Currently, the speed of commercial optical modules for communication equipment has reached 100G and has begun to be commercialized on a large scale. When the speed of optical modules began to exceed 100G, the technical difficulties encountered in the research and development of optical modules became increasingly greater, and the production cost of optical modules increased dramatically. In the development from 100G to 400G, although 400G optical modules have been developed, the price of 400G optical modules is expensive, exceeding the price of 4 100G optical modules, resulting in the lack of commercial economic value of 400G optical modules. In order to solve the transmission needs of 400G services without increasing costs and to transmit 400G services on 100G optical modules, the International Standards Organization has defined the FlexE protocol. The FlexE protocol combines multiple 100G optical modules to form a transmission channel with a large business speed, such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, four 100G optical modules are combined through the FlexE protocol to form a 400G transmission channel, which is equivalent to the service transmission speed of one 400G optical module. It not only meets the transmission demand of 400G services, but also solves the economic value problem of service transmission.

[0020] For a 100G physical interface rate, when the FlexE protocol is used to carry customer services, customer messages are 64 / 66 encoded before being sent. Figure 2It is a 64 / 66 encoding rule formulated by the IEEE organization. 64 / 66 encoding process: split the client message bytes into 8-byte (64-bit) long groups, and then encode the 64 bits to become a 66-bit code block (information block): the first 2 bits and the last 64 bits (8 bytes), the first 2 bits are synchronization header bits, and the synchronization header bits divide the information block into two types: data block (the first two bits are 01, indicating that the code block is a data block) and control block (the first two bits are 10, indicating that the block is a control block). Control blocks can be divided into different types, which are distinguished by the first byte in the control block. The control blocks include: idle block (the control type value of the first byte is 0x1E, referred to as IDLE block, I block), O code block (the control type value of the first byte is 0x4B), S code block (the control type value of the first byte is 0x78), T code block (the control type value of the first byte is 0x87, 0x99, .... 0xFF, etc., representing T0, T1... T7 respectively). The client message is 64 / 66 encoded and sent out from the optical port. When receiving, the optical port locates the 66-bit code block from the received data stream and recovers the original client message from the 66-bit code block. The FlexE protocol runs at the 66-bit code block layer, such as Figure 3 For 100G services, every 20 66-bit blocks are divided into a block group. Each group contains 20 blocks, representing 20 time slots. Each time slot represents the speed of 5G bandwidth. When sending 66-bit blocks, a FlexE overhead block is inserted after every 1023 blocks (1023*20 blocks) are sent. Figure 3 After inserting the overhead block, continue to send the client code block. After sending the second 1023*20 client code blocks, insert the overhead block again. And so on. During the process of sending the client code blocks, insert the overhead block periodically. The interval between two adjacent overhead blocks is 1023*20 client code blocks.

[0021] Customer messages are carried and transmitted on one or more time slots specified by the FlexE protocol. In order to detect the service quality of the network carrying customer messages, such as Figure 4 As shown in the figure, an OAM block is inserted into the client message block stream (the OAM block carries maintenance and management information), so that the OAM block and the client message block are carried and transmitted together, and the OAM block and the client message block have the same transmission path. The service quality of the bearer pipeline can be monitored through the OAM block. The specific implementation is as follows Figure 5As shown, device 1 inserts an OAM code block into the code block for sending a client message. The OAM code block and the client message code block are transmitted together through the network, and the OAM code block is detected in the receiving device 6. By analyzing the content of OAM, the quality of the pipeline can be monitored. Different types of values ​​carried in the OAM code block can realize different monitoring functions, such as error detection, channel connection monitoring, connection verification, remote error, remote fault, delay measurement, fast protection switching, client signal failure, client signal type indication and other functions. For example, the sending device continuously sends OAM code blocks according to a fixed period, and the receiving end does not receive the OAM code block for several consecutive periods, then it is judged that the pipeline carrying the client service has an interruption fault, and the connection monitoring fault is reported.

[0022] like Figure 6 It is an OAM code block format developed in the relevant technology. It expands the O code block format in the Ethernet standard, and the extended format is used as the OAM code block format. In the Ethernet standard, the O code block is a control code block, the 2-bit synchronization header bit value is "10", the control word content is "0x4B", and the 34th-37th bit value in the code block is the sequence value of the O code block. Different sequence values ​​represent different meanings of the O code block content. The Ethernet standard enables four sequence values ​​of 0x0, 0x1, 0x2, and 0xF. The China Mobile enterprise standard enables the 0xC sequence value, and the O code block with the 0xC sequence value is used as the OAM code block. The OAM code block uses the combination of the synchronization header "10", the control word "0x4B", and the O sequence value "0xC" as the flag value of the OAM block. The code block that meets the flag value is the OAM code block. The 10th and 11th bits in the OAM code block are reserved bits, bits 12-17 are the type field of the OAM code block, which is used for various types of OAM code blocks; bits 18-33 and 42-57 are used to carry the content of the OAM code block; bits 38-41 are reserved bits; bits 58-61 are used to transmit multiple OAM code block sequence numbers; bits 62-65 are used to transmit CRC check values. The sending device inserts the OAM code block when sending the client code block, and the receiving device checks the OAM code block in the client service code block when receiving it to realize the service quality status of the network pipeline.

[0023] The current OAM function can detect the service quality between the source device and the sink device of the customer service. In actual applications, the network spans a large geographical space, involving network devices provided by multiple different manufacturers. The network formed by multiple different manufacturers is transmitted in a relay manner. The current OAM function can only detect whether there is a fault or interruption between the source device and the sink device, and cannot locate the subnet range where the fault occurs, nor can it achieve continued protection switching within a smaller subnet range.

[0024] Therefore, it is necessary to implement multi-level service quality monitoring on the service pipeline that carries customer services. To address this technical problem, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for transmitting a service code block stream and a method for monitoring service quality, so as to implement multi-level service quality monitoring on the service pipeline that carries customer services. In the embodiment of the present application, multi-segment (also referred to as multi-layer) monitoring is set for the service pipeline, such as Figure 7 As shown in the figure, to achieve the 3-layer TCM monitoring requirement, add three layers of service monitoring in the bearer pipeline between the source device and the sink device. Each layer is a sub-network, and the service quality of each sub-network is monitored. When an interruption or other failure occurs in the sub-network, protection switching is performed in this sub-network. Devices outside this sub-network do not participate in protection switching, reducing the number of devices involved in protection switching. Figure 7 In the figure, customer services are carried between device 1 and device 9. Device 1 sends customer code blocks and inserts OAM code blocks. Device 9 receives customer code blocks and OAM code blocks to detect the service quality of the customer service bearer pipe. This layer of OAM is called channel layer OAM. Between device 1 and device 9, the 3-layer TCM function is started. The first layer TCM function is enabled between device 2 and device 8, the second layer TCM function is enabled between device 3 and device 7, and the third layer TCM function is enabled between device 4 and device 6. When device 5 fails and causes the service bearer pipe to fail, the third layer TCM function between device 4 and device 6 detects the failure first, and quickly switches and restores customer services. In this way, the connection between device 1 and device 4 and between device 6 and device 9 is not affected, and there is no need to participate in the protection switching activity when device 5 fails.

[0025] The technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Figure 8 FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a method for transmitting a service code block stream provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, which method can be applied to a first communication device. Figure 8 As shown, the transmission method of the service code block stream mainly includes the following steps.

[0027] S810, receiving a target service code block stream sent by a second communication device, wherein the first communication device and the second communication device are communication devices in a service pipe that carries the target service, and the first communication device is set to be the source end of a target serial connection monitoring TCM segment.

[0028] In an embodiment of the present application, the first communication device may be an intermediate node of a service pipeline of the target service, that is, a communication device other than a sending end and a receiving end in the service pipeline of the target service, and the second communication device may be a sending end in the service pipeline of the target service, or a downstream node of the sending end, and the first communication device is a downstream node of the second communication device.

[0029] For example, in Figure 7 In the service pipe shown, the second communication device may be device 1, and the first communication device may be device 2, or the second communication device may be device 2 and the first communication device may be device 3, or the second communication device may be device 3 and the first communication device may be device 4.

[0030] In the embodiment of the present application, in the service pipe of the target service, the first communication device is set as the source end of the target TCM (Tandem Connection Monitor) segment. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the first communication device is not the upstream node closest to the receiving end of the service pipe. Figure 7 In the example, device 2 is set as the source end of the first TCM segment (also called the first TCM layer), device 3 is set as the source end of the second TCM segment (also called the second TCM layer), and device 4 is set as the source end of the third TCM segment (also called the third TCM layer).

[0031] In the embodiment of the present application, the OAM code block carries maintenance management information.

[0032] In specific applications, at least one TCM segment can be set in advance for the service channel of the target service, and the source and destination ends of each TCM segment can be set. After receiving the target service code block stream of the target service, the communication device set as the source end processes it according to the method provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0033] S812: Modify the original OAM code block into a first OAM code block in the target service code block stream, wherein a value of a target field of the first OAM code block is a target value corresponding to the target tandem connection monitoring TCM segment.

[0034] In an embodiment of the present application, the first communication device serving as the source end of the target TCM segment, after receiving the target service code block stream, modifies the original OAM code block into a first OAM code block in the target service code block stream, and the value of the target field of the first OAM code block is a target value corresponding to the target TCM segment. Through the value of the target field, it can be indicated to subsequent communication devices that the first OAM code block is used to detect the service quality of the target TCM segment.

[0035] In an optional implementation, the first communication device may periodically modify the original OAM code block into the first OAM code block in the target service code stream according to a preset code block interval. Of course, this is not limited to this. In actual applications, the original OAM code block may not be modified into the first OAM code block according to the preset period, which may be determined according to the actual service quality state to be detected.

[0036] Exemplarily, modifying the original OAM code block to the first OAM code block in the target service code block stream includes: Step A10: modifying the initial value of the target field of the OAM code block in the target service code block stream to the target value, so as to modify the original OAM code block in the target service code block stream to the first OAM code block.

[0037] Further, in the target service code block stream, modifying the initial value of the target field of the OAM code block to the target value includes: Step B10: periodically modifying the initial value of the target field of the OAM code block in the target service code block stream to the target value according to a preset code block interval.

[0038] S814, transmitting the modified target service code block stream.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present application, the service pipeline of the target service is divided into multiple TCM segments. The source end of the TCM segment modifies the original OAM code block into a first OAM code block in the target service code stream. The value of the target field of the first OAM code block is a target value corresponding to the TCM segment, so that the sink segment of the TCM segment can monitor the service quality of the corresponding TCM segment by detecting the first OAM code block, thereby realizing layered or segmented supervision of the service pipeline, and thereby improving the monitoring intensity of the pipeline quality status.

[0040] It is worth mentioning that in order to provide the TCM function for the network, the OAM information code block type of the TCM layer is defined. The source devices of different TCM layers (for example, the first segment TCM, the second segment TCM, and the third segment TCM) need to insert the OAM code blocks of this layer type. The sink device receives the OAM code blocks of the TCM function of this layer type to analyze and check to obtain the service quality of the TCM segment of this layer. However, this implementation method requires the source device of the TCM segment of this layer to insert a new OAM code block (the OAM code block of the TCM function of this layer type). The source device of the TCM segment of each layer needs to insert the OAM code block. After inserting the OAM code block, the number of service code block flows increases, resulting in a decrease in transmission speed. Some idle code blocks need to be deleted accordingly to keep the service code block flow speed unchanged. In some application scenarios, due to the low customer speed and the small number of idle code blocks in the customer service flow, the target service code block flow can no longer insert new OAM code blocks, making it impossible to implement the TCM function of the service pipeline.

[0041] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application divides the service pipeline of the target service into multiple TCM segments. The source end of the TCM segment modifies the original OAM code block into a first OAM code block in the target service code stream. The value of the target field of the first OAM code block is the target value corresponding to the TCM segment, thereby realizing the TCM function without additionally inserting the OAM code block of the TCM function. After the host end of the TCM segment receives the first OAM code block, it restores the first OAM code block to the original OAM code block and then forwards it to the downstream device. The host end of the TCM segment realizes the maintenance and management function of this TCM layer by extracting the information content of this TCM layer.

[0042] That is to say, in the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the source device of each TCM layer does not need to insert a new OAM code block, but modifies the type of the received OAM code block to the OAM type of the current TCM layer, and then restores the original OAM code block type on the host device of the TCM layer, so that the TCM layer can directly borrow the channel layer OAM code block to disguise the OAM code block of the current TCM layer type, and realize the maintenance and management function of the TCM layer without the need to insert additional OAM code blocks. The embodiment of the present application can realize the transmission of OAM information of all TCM layers directly by borrowing the channel layer OAM code block, and by expanding the TCM field on the basis of the existing OAM, the layered TCM function is realized in the networking, thereby solving the current technical problems of being unable to effectively monitor the service quality of different layers of the network in the service pipeline in a layered manner and the poor monitoring of the pipeline quality status.

[0043] Fig. 9 FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a method for monitoring quality of service provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, which method can be applied to a third communication device. Fig. 9 As shown, the transmission method of the service code block stream mainly includes the following steps.

[0044] S910, receiving a target service code block stream sent by a fourth communication device, wherein the third communication device and the fourth communication device are communication devices in a service pipe that carries the target service, and the third communication device is set as a destination of a target TCM segment.

[0045] In an embodiment of the present application, the third communication device may be an intermediate node of the service pipeline of the target service, that is, the third communication device may be a communication device other than the sending end and the receiving end in the service pipeline of the target service, the fourth communication device may be the service pipeline of the target service and also an intermediate node of the service pipeline of the target service, and the third communication device is a downstream node of the fourth communication device.

[0046] For example, in Figure 7In the service pipe shown, the third communication device may be device 6 and the fourth communication device may be device 5, or the third communication device may be device 7 and the fourth communication device may be device 6, or the third communication device may be device 8 and the fourth communication device may be device 7.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present application, in the service pipe of the target service, the third communication device is set as the sink of the target TCM segment. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the third communication device is not the downstream node closest to the sending end of the service pipe. Figure 7 In the figure, device 8 is set as the destination of the first TCM segment (also called the first layer TCM layer), device 7 is set as the destination of the second TCM segment (also called the second layer TCM layer), and device 6 is set as the destination of the third TCM segment (also called the third layer TCM layer).

[0048] In specific applications, at least one TCM segment can be set in advance for the service channel of the target service, and the source and destination ends of each TCM segment can be set. After receiving the target service code block stream of the target service, the communication device set as the destination end processes it according to the method provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0049] In an embodiment of the present application, the third communication device may be a communication device corresponding to the first communication device in the above embodiment, the first communication device is the source end of the target TCM segment, and the third communication device is the destination end of the target TCM segment.

[0050] S912: Monitor the service quality of the target TCM segment by detecting the first OAM code block in the target service code block stream, wherein the value of the target field of the first OAM code block is a target value corresponding to the target TCM segment.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present application, the third communication device can detect the first OAM code block in the target service code stream according to the value of the target field of the OAM code block, and monitor the service quality of the target TCM segment by detecting the first OAM code block. For example, by detecting the first OAM code block in the target service code stream, the service quality status of the detection pipeline of the target TCM segment, such as bit error rate, delay time, service discard and other functions, can be monitored.

[0052] In an optional implementation, S912 may include the following steps: Step C10, detecting the first OAM code block included in the target service code block stream; Step C20: judging whether there is a fault in a service bearer pipe between the source end of the target TCM segment and the sink end of the target TCM segment according to the detected first OAM code block.

[0053] For example, the transmission delay of the target TCM segment may be determined according to the time when the first OAM code block is detected, or whether there is packet loss in the target TCM segment may be determined according to the number of first OAM code blocks detected within a preset time.

[0054] In an optional implementation, when it is determined that a service bearer pipe between the source end of the target TCM segment and the destination end of the target TCM segment is faulty, the service bearer pipe between the source end of the target TCM segment and the destination end of the target TCM segment is switched. For example, the transmission node between the source end of the target TCM segment and the destination end of the target TCM segment may be switched.

[0055] S914, restore the first OAM code block to the original OAM code block in the target service code block stream, and transmit the restored target service code block stream to a fifth communication device, wherein the original OAM code block is an OAM code block before being modified into the first OAM code block, and the fifth communication device is a communication device located downstream of the third communication device in the service pipeline.

[0056] The fifth communication device is a downstream device of the third communication device, and the fifth communication device may be a node in the service pipeline of the target service, for example, Figure 7 In the example, the fifth communication device may be device 7, device 8, and device 9.

[0057] Through the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the third communication device detects the first OAM code block by detecting the value of the target field in the OAM code block, and monitors the service quality of the target TCM segment based on the detection result of the first OAM code block, thereby realizing multi-level service quality monitoring of the service pipeline carrying customer services.

[0058] Exemplarily, restoring the first OAM code block to an original OAM code block in the target service code block stream includes: Step D10, restoring the target value of the target field of the OAM code block in the target service code block stream to an initial value, so as to restore the first OAM code block to an original OAM code block in the target service code block stream, wherein the initial value is the value before being modified to the target value.

[0059] Further, restoring the target value of the target field of the OAM code block in the target service code block stream to an initial value includes: Step D20: Periodically restore the target value of the target field of the OAM code block in the target service code block stream to an initial value according to a preset code block interval.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present application, the service pipeline of the target service is divided into multiple TCM segments. The source end of the TCM segment modifies the original OAM code block into a first OAM code block in the target service code stream. The value of the target field of the first OAM code block is a target value corresponding to the TCM segment. The sink segment of the TCM segment can monitor the service quality of the corresponding TCM segment by detecting the first OAM code block, thereby realizing layered or segmented supervision of the service pipeline, thereby improving the monitoring intensity of the pipeline quality status.

[0061] It is worth mentioning that in order to provide the TCM function for the network, the OAM information code block type of the TCM layer is defined. The source devices of different TCM layers (for example, the first segment TCM, the second segment TCM, and the third segment TCM) need to insert the OAM code blocks of this layer type. The sink device receives the OAM code blocks of the TCM function of this layer type to analyze and check to obtain the service quality of the TCM segment of this layer. However, this implementation method requires the source device of the TCM segment of this layer to insert a new OAM code block (the OAM code block of the TCM function of this layer type). The source device of the TCM segment of each layer needs to insert the OAM code block. After inserting the OAM code block, the number of service code block flows increases, resulting in a decrease in transmission speed. Some idle code blocks need to be deleted accordingly to keep the service code block flow speed unchanged. In some application scenarios, due to the low customer speed and the small number of idle code blocks in the customer service flow, the target service code block flow can no longer insert new OAM code blocks, making it impossible to implement the TCM function of the service pipeline.

[0062] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application divides the service pipeline of the target service into multiple TCM segments. The source end of the TCM segment modifies the original OAM code block into a first OAM code block in the target service code stream. The value of the target field of the first OAM code block is the target value corresponding to the TCM segment, thereby realizing the TCM function without additionally inserting the OAM code block of the TCM function. After the host end of the TCM segment receives the first OAM code block, it restores the first OAM code block to the original OAM code block and then forwards it to the downstream device. The host end of the TCM segment realizes the maintenance and management function of this TCM layer by extracting the information content of this TCM layer.

[0063] That is to say, in the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the source device of each TCM layer does not need to insert a new OAM code block, but modifies the type of the received OAM code block to the OAM type of the current TCM layer, and then restores the original OAM code block type on the host device of the TCM layer, so that the TCM layer can directly borrow the channel layer OAM code block to disguise the OAM code block of the current TCM layer type, and realize the maintenance and management function of the TCM layer without the need to insert additional OAM code blocks. The embodiment of the present application can realize the transmission of OAM information of all TCM layers directly by borrowing the channel layer OAM code block, and by expanding the TCM field on the basis of the existing OAM, the layered TCM function is realized in the networking, thereby solving the current technical problems of being unable to effectively monitor the service quality of different layers of the network in the service pipeline in a layered manner and the poor monitoring of the pipeline quality status.

[0064] In an optional implementation, the target field may be a reserved field of the OAM code block.

[0065] In a standard adopted in the related art, the 10th and 11th bits in the OAM code block are reserved bits. Therefore, in an optional implementation, the reserved field may be the 10th to 11th bits of the OAM code block. Fig.10 As shown, the target TCM segment can be indicated by the 10th bit and the 11th bit. In this optional implementation, the reserved field of the OAM code block can be extended to a TCM identification field, and the content of the TCM identification field represents OAM functions at different levels.

[0066] In the above possible implementations, taking the case where the service channel of the target service is divided into three sections as an example, the value of the reserved field may include one of the following: The first value is used to indicate that the OAM code block is the code block of the first TCM segment; that is, when the value of the reserved field of the OAM code block is the first value, it indicates that the OAM code block is the code block of the first TCM segment, that is, the OAM code block is the service quality of the first segment of the service channel.

[0067] The second value is used to indicate that the OAM code block is a code block for the second TCM segment; that is, when the value of the reserved field of the OAM code block is the second value, it indicates that the OAM code block is a code block for the second TCM segment, that is, the OAM code block is for the service quality of the second segment of the service channel.

[0068] The third value is used to indicate that the OAM code block is a code block of the third TCM segment; that is, when the value of the reserved field of the OAM code block is the third value, it indicates that the OAM code block is a code block of the third TCM segment, that is, the OAM code block is used for the service quality of the third segment of the service channel.

[0069] The fourth value is used to indicate that the OAM code block is a channel layer OAM code block; that is, when the value of the reserved field of the OAM code block is the fourth value, it indicates that the OAM code block is a channel layer OAM code block, that is, the OAM code block is used to detect the service quality of the service channel.

[0070] In the above implementation, the target value of the reserved field of the first OAM code block includes one of the following: the first value, the second value, and the third value.

[0071] In this embodiment, after adopting the TCM function, the original end-to-end monitoring function between the source device and the sink device is divided into multiple different levels of monitoring. The OAM of the original customer service is called the channel layer OAM. The first layer TCM (i.e., the first section TCM), the second layer TCM (i.e., the second section TCM) and the third layer TCM (i.e., the third section TCM) can be enabled above the channel layer. Figure 7 As shown, hierarchical monitoring of the service quality of different layers of networks (each layer is a subnetwork) is implemented. In the implementation, the operator needs the network to support the TCM function. The existing OAM mechanism can only support one layer of OAM function and cannot support the TCM function. In order to provide the TCM function to the network, the OAM information code block type of the TCM layer is defined. The source devices at different TCM layers need to insert the TCM function OAM code blocks of this layer type. The sink device receives the OAM code blocks of the TCM function of this layer and performs analysis and inspection to obtain the service quality of the TCM of this layer. However, this implementation method requires the source device of the TCM layer to insert the OAM code blocks of the TCM function, and the source device of each layer of TCM needs to insert the OAM code blocks. After inserting the OAM code blocks, the number of service code block flows increases, and some idle code blocks need to be deleted accordingly to keep the service code block flow speed unchanged. In some application scenarios, due to the low customer speed and the small number of idle code blocks in the customer service flow, the network intermediate device can no longer insert the OAM code blocks of the TCM layer, and thus the TCM function cannot be implemented.

[0072] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for implementing the TCM function without inserting the OAM code block of the TCM function in the network intermediate device. Figure 5In the process, the network equipment implements the monitoring function of the channel layer, and the channel layer OAM code blocks have been inserted into the service flow. These channel layer OAM code blocks will pass through the TCM segment source device in the network. The TCM segment source device modifies the channel layer OAM code block content and modifies the channel layer OAM code block into a TCM layer OAM code block carrying the TCM layer mark (i.e., the first OAM code block). In this way, the TCM information can be sent without inserting a separate TCM layer OAM code block. On the TCM segment host device, after receiving the OAM code block, the information content of this TCM layer is extracted and stripped off, and the OAM code block is modified into a channel layer OAM code block before being forwarded to the downstream device. The TCM layer transmission device can implement the maintenance and management function of this TCM layer (i.e., the target TCM segment) by extracting the information content of this TCM layer. Figure 6 The following is the channel layer OAM function format defined by China Mobile standard, where the 10th-11th bit value is reserved and the default value is "00". Based on the reserved bits, the layered TCM identification field and layered OAM code block function are expanded. The implementation method is as follows Fig.10 For example, the 10th to 11th bit value is defined as the TCM identification field, and the content of the TCM identification field represents OAM functions at different levels.

[0073] For example, the value of the TCM identification field of the OAM code block can be one of the following: 01, indicating OAM of the first layer (i.e., first segment) TCM function; 10, represents OAM of the second layer TCM function; 11, indicates OAM of the third layer TCM function; 00 indicates path layer OAM, which is a reserved value in the current relevant standards.

[0074] Of course, this is not limited to this. In specific applications, the meanings of the above values ​​may not be limited to the above combinations. For example, 11 may represent the OAM of the first layer TCM function, and 01 may represent the OAM of the third layer TCM function.

[0075] Exemplarily, when the value of the target field of the original OAM code block is a fourth value, the target value is a first value, wherein the fourth value is used to indicate that the OAM code block is a channel layer OAM code block.

[0076] In addition, when the value of the target field of the original OAM code block is the first value, the target value is the second value; In a case where the value of the target field of the original OAM code block is the second value, the target value is the third value.

[0077] To help understand, specifically, by defining the layered TCM function, when applying the current channel layer OAM, the device works according to the current standard content. The sending end device of the service pipeline inserts the OAM code block when sending the customer message. The TCM identification field (TCM field for short) in the OAM code block remains at the default value "00" defined by the standard. The sink device receives and extracts the OAM code block to implement service quality monitoring of the pipeline. When the first layer TCM function is enabled, such as Fig.11 As shown, for example, the first layer TCM (first TCM segment) function is enabled between device 2 and device 8, and both device 2 and device 8 work in the first layer TCM function mode and work according to the TCM identification field value of the first layer OAM, but device 2 does not insert a new TCM layer OAM code block, but modifies the content of the channel layer OAM code block from device 1, and modifies the channel layer OAM code block to the OAM code block corresponding to the first TCM segment. Fig.14 In the example, the 10th to 11th bit value of the channel layer OAM code block sent by device 1 to device 2 is defined as the TCM identification field, and the flag value is "00", indicating that the OAM code block is the channel layer OAM code block. Device 2 modifies the TCM identification field value in the channel layer OAM code block from "00" to "01", so that the OAM code block is changed from a channel layer OAM code block to an OAM code block of the first layer TCM, and then is sent out by device 2. In this way, device 2 implements the sending of the OAM code block of the first layer TCM function, but in fact, device 2 does not insert additional OAM code blocks, but modifies the existing channel layer OAM code blocks into code blocks of the first layer TCM function, does not increase the number of new OAM code blocks, does not change the number of code blocks in the customer service code block flow, and does not change the bandwidth speed of the original customer service code block flow.

[0078] Similarly, when the second layer TCM (second TCM segment) function is enabled between device 3 and device 7, both device 3 and device 7 work in the second layer OAM function mode and work according to the TCM identification field value of the second layer OAM. Device 3 receives the OAM code block sent by device 2. The TCM identification field value in the OAM code block from device 2 is "01", indicating the OAM code block of the first layer TCM function. Device 3 receives the OAM code block of the first layer TCM from device 2, modifies the TCM identification field value in the OAM code block from "01" to "10", modifies the OAM code block attribute from the first layer TCM code block to the OAM code block of the second layer TCM function, and then sends it to the downstream device 4. Device 3 implements the sending of the OAM code block of the second layer TCM function, but does not increase the number of OAM code blocks, does not change the number of code blocks in the customer service code block flow, and does not change the bandwidth speed of the original customer service code block flow.

[0079] Similarly, when the third layer TCM (third segment TCM segment) function is enabled between device 4 and device 6, both device 4 and device 6 work in the third layer OAM function mode and work according to the TCM identification field value of the third layer OAM. Device 4 receives the OAM code block sent by device 3. The TCM identification field value in the OAM code block from device 3 is "10", indicating the OAM code block of the second layer TCM function. Device 4 receives the OAM code block of the second layer TCM from device 3, changes the TCM identification field value in the OAM code block from "10" to "11", changes the OAM code block attribute from the second layer TCM code block to the OAM code block of the third layer TCM function, and then sends it to the downstream device 5. Device 4 implements the sending of the OAM code block of the third layer TCM function, but does not increase the number of OAM code blocks, does not change the number of code blocks in the customer service code block flow, and does not change the bandwidth speed of the original customer service code block flow.

[0080] Device 5 is an intermediate node device of the network and does not belong to any source device or sink device of the TCM layer. Therefore, device 5 forwards all received service code blocks (including the OAM code blocks of the TCM layer) to downstream device 6. Device 6 is a sink device of the third layer TCM. After receiving the OAM code block, device 6 detects that the TCM identification field value of the OAM code block is "11", which meets the OAM code block format requirements of the third layer TCM function. According to the content of the OAM code block, the maintenance and management of the third layer TCM function is implemented, for example, according to the reception cycle of the OAM code block, the link of the third layer TCM monitoring path is detected to be interrupted. Device 6 is the host device of the third-layer TCM, and it is necessary to terminate the OAM code block of the third-layer TCM function to avoid sending the OAM code block of the third-layer TCM function to the downstream device 7. The specific implementation method is that device 6 changes the received third-layer TCM identification field value "11" to "10", and changes the OAM code block type from the third-layer TCM function OAM code block to the second-layer TCM function OAM code block, so that the OAM code block sent by device 6 becomes the second-layer TCM function OAM code block.

[0081] Device 7 receives the OAM module from device 6. The TCM identification field value in the received OAM code block is "10", which is the OAM code block of the second layer TCM function. At the same time, device 7 is the sink device of the second layer TCM. Device 7 receives and detects the OAM code block of the second layer TCM function, and implements the maintenance and management of the second layer TCM function according to the content of the OAM code block. For example, according to the receiving cycle of the OAM code block, it detects whether the link of the second layer TCM monitoring path is interrupted. Device 7 is the sink device of the second layer TCM, and it is necessary to terminate the OAM code block of the second layer TCM function to avoid sending the OAM code block of the second layer TCM function to the downstream device 8. The specific implementation method is that device 7 modifies the received second layer TCM identification field value "10" to "01", and modifies the OAM code block type from the second layer TCM function OAM code block to the first layer TCM function OAM code block, so that the OAM code block sent by device 7 becomes the first layer TCM function OAM code block.

[0082] Similarly, device 8 receives an OAM code block from device 7, and the TCM identification field value in the received OAM code block is "01", which is an OAM code block of the first layer TCM function. At the same time, device 8 is a sink device of the first layer TCM. Device 8 receives and detects the OAM code block of the first layer TCM function, and implements the maintenance and management of the first layer TCM function according to the content of the OAM code block. For example, according to the receiving cycle of the OAM code block, it detects whether the link of the first layer TCM monitoring path is interrupted. Device 8 is a sink device of the first layer TCM, and it is necessary to terminate the OAM code block of the first layer TCM function to avoid sending the OAM code block of the first layer TCM function to the downstream device 9. The specific implementation method is that device 8 modifies the received first layer TCM identification field value "01" to "00", and modifies the OAM code block type from the first layer TCM function OAM code block to the channel layer TCM function OAM code block, so that the OAM code block sent by device 8 becomes the channel layer OAM code block. Device 9 is the destination device for the customer service (i.e., the receiving end in the service pipeline of the target service), and the receiving device for monitoring the channel layer of the customer service. When the TCM identification field value in the OAM code block received from the upstream device 8 is 0, it is the OAM code block of the channel layer. The channel layer OAM code block is extracted, and the maintenance and management of the channel layer is implemented according to the content of the OAM code block. In this way, the first layer TCM, the second layer TCM, and the third layer TCM maintenance and monitoring functions are respectively completed between device 2 and device 8, between device 3 and device 7, and between device 3 and device 6, and the network layer TCM maintenance and monitoring functions are implemented without the need to insert additional OAM code blocks.

[0083] It should be noted that, although many details are shown in the above examples, they are only used to assist in understanding the technical concept or technical principle of the technical solution of the present application. More simple transformations based on this technical concept are all within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0084] In the above example, the type of the TCM layer OAM code block is defined. When the TCM function is enabled, on the source device of the corresponding TCM layer, the type of other types of OAM code blocks received is modified to the OAM code block type of the TCM function of this layer, and the OAM code block of the TCM function of this layer is sent out. After receiving the OAM code block of this layer on the sink device of the TCM layer in the network, the monitoring function of the TCM function of this layer is implemented according to the received OAM code block. After the sink device of the TCM layer completes the maintenance monitoring of this TCM layer, it needs to terminate the OAM code block of this TCM layer. Therefore, the sink device needs to modify the OAM code block type of this TCM layer. According to the reverse process of the modification method of the source device of this TCM layer, the OAM code block type is modified and restored to the original OAM code block type (that is, the OAM code block type received by the sink device of this TCM layer from the upstream device) and then sent to the downstream device.

[0085] In the embodiment of the present application, the source device of each TCM segment does not need to insert a new OAM code block, but modifies the received OAM type to the OAM type corresponding to the current TCM segment, and then restores the original OAM code block type on the host device of the TCM segment, so that the TCM layer can directly borrow the channel layer OAM code block to disguise the OAM code block of the current TCM layer, and realize the function of the TCM layer without the need to insert additional OAM code blocks. The embodiment of the present application can realize the transmission of all TCM layer OAM information directly by borrowing the channel layer OAM code block, and the period of the OAM code block monitored by all TCM layers can be completely consistent with the period of the OAM code block of the channel layer.

[0086] In the above implementation, the reserved fields at the 10th and 11th bit positions of the channel layer OAM code block are extended to the TCM identification field content, and different levels of OAM code block structures are constructed to implement the hierarchical TCM function.

[0087] In a standard adopted by the related art, bits 38 to 41 of the OAM code block are reserved bits. Therefore, in an optional implementation, the reserved field may be bits 38 to 41 of the OAM code block.

[0088] In the above possible implementations, optionally, the value of the reserved field includes one of the following: The first value is used to indicate that the OAM code block is a code block of the first TCM segment; The second value is used to indicate that the OAM code block is a code block of the second TCM segment; The third value is used to indicate that the OAM code block is a code block of the third TCM segment; A fourth value is used to indicate that the OAM code block is a channel layer OAM code block; a fifth value, which is a reserved value, including all values ​​that can be represented by the 38th to 41st bits except the first value, the second value, the third value and the fourth value; The target value includes one of the following: the first value, the second value, and the third value.

[0089] In the above optional implementation, the content of bits 38-41 in the OAM code block is expanded to a TCM identification field, and different values ​​are used to indicate different uses of the OAM code block. For example, taking the service channel including three layers of TCM (i.e., three TCM segments) as an example, the values ​​of bits 38-41 of the OAM code block can be: 0001: indicates OAM of the first layer TCM function; 0010: indicates OAM of the second layer TCM function; 0011: indicates OAM of the third layer TCM function; 0000: indicates path layer OAM, which is a reserved value in the current standard. 0100-1111: Reserved Fig.12 A schematic diagram showing the position of the extended TCM identification field in the OAM code block. Although the above gives the correspondence between the values ​​of different TCM identification fields and their indicated meanings, it is not limited to this and can also be other correspondences. For example, "0101" represents the OAM of the first layer TCM function; "1010" represents the OAM of the second layer TCM function; "1111" represents the OAM of the third layer TCM function, which is not limited in the specific embodiments of the present application.

[0090] In an optional implementation, the target field may also be a characteristic field of the OAM code block. In a standard adopted by the related art, the 34th to 37th bits of the OAM code block are characteristic bits. Therefore, in an optional implementation, the characteristic field may be the 34th to 37th bits of the OAM code block. For example, in the related art, the O sequence value of the 34th to 37th bit position of the OAM code block is 0xC as the characteristic value of the channel layer OAM code block. In order to implement the TCM function, the O sequence value may be extended to other values ​​as the standard content of the TCM identification field, and the values ​​of the 34th to 37th bit positions are used to indicate each TCM segment.

[0091] For example, a service channel includes three layers of TCM (ie, three TCM segments). Fig.13As shown, the O sequence value is expanded into the TCM identification field, and the TCM identification field value can be one of the following: 0xB: indicates OAM of the first layer TCM function; 0xA: indicates OAM of the Layer 2 TCM function; 0x9: indicates OAM of the Layer 3 TCM function; 0xC: indicates channel layer OAM, current standard field definition content.

[0092] Although the above gives the correspondence between the values ​​of different TCM identification fields and their indicated meanings, it is not limited to this and can also be other correspondences. For example, 0x3 represents the OAM of the first layer TCM function; 0x4 represents the OAM of the second layer TCM function; 0x5 represents the OAM of the third layer TCM function.

[0093] The embodiment of the present application can realize the maintenance and management functions of multiple TCM layers without inserting additional OAM code blocks, but the maintenance and management functions of the TCM layer are relatively simple and can only realize the connection monitoring function: the host device detects the reception status of the OAM code block according to the expected period. If the expected type of OAM code block cannot be received within multiple consecutive receiving cycles (generally 3 cycles), it means that the source device and the host device of this TCM layer are directly interrupted, and a connection interruption alarm is reported. The connection monitoring function can only monitor whether there is an interruption between the sending device and the host device in the network, such as the failure of the link interruption caused by the optical fiber being cut, the power failure of the device, etc. An interruption failure is a complete interruption in the network link, and the signal cannot be transmitted. In the network, in addition to the interruption failure, there is also a performance degradation failure. Performance degradation means that there is no complete interruption between the source device and the host device, but the transmitted signal is degraded due to various reasons, and some errors occur in the transmitted signal, and it cannot be transmitted correctly to a certain percentage. For example, when transmitting 100 customer service code blocks, only 95 code blocks are correct, and the other 5 code blocks are wrong due to signal degradation, and the accuracy of network information transmission is only 95%. For example, due to the attenuation of the optical power of the optical module, the signal-to-noise ratio is high during signal transmission, and some of the sent information is interfered by noise and errors occur. In this case, information can be transmitted between the source device and the sink device, and link interruption cannot be detected, but the accuracy of the transmitted information is decreasing.

[0094] Furthermore, in practical applications, the TCM layer needs to detect the bit error status of the signal on the path, and judge the service quality of the link path according to the bit error rate of the signal transmitted in the optical fiber. When the bit error rate reaches a certain threshold, it is judged that the quality of the signal transmitted by the service layer is seriously deteriorated, and the protection switching work is started. In the existing standards, the error detection function is implemented in the OAM of the channel layer, and a set of error measurement algorithms are designed to test the number of bit errors of the line signal, and then the bit error rate is calculated. When the error measurement algorithm of the current channel layer OAM is used, the BIP value (BIP: Bit-Interleaved Parity) of all code blocks between two OAM code blocks is calculated at the sending end according to the pre-designed calculation algorithm, and then carried to the receiving end. The receiving end also calculates the BIP value of all code blocks between two OAM code blocks according to the same pre-calculation algorithm, and compares the BIP result calculated by the receiving end with the BIP value carried by the sending end. Under the same algorithm, if the newly calculated BIP value at the receiving end is the same as the BIP value calculated at the sending end, it means that the content of these client service code blocks has not changed when transmitted on the link, and there is no transmission error. When the newly calculated BIP value at the receiving end is different from the BIP value calculated at the sending end, the difference reflects that the client signal code block on the link has changed, which means that an error has occurred and a bit error has occurred.

[0095] like Fig.17 As shown, Fig.17 The schematic diagram of detecting the bit error condition for the channel layer is as follows: first, the range of monitoring the client code block is determined to be all the code blocks between two adjacent OAM code blocks, all the code blocks between two adjacent OAM code blocks are calculated according to the predetermined BIP algorithm, the settled BIP result is placed on the third OAM code block behind, and the carried BIP calculation result is sent to the receiving end through the third OAM code block behind. The receiving end calculates the BIP value of all code blocks between two OAM code blocks in the same monitoring interval according to the same principle and algorithm, compares the BIP value calculated by the receiving end with the BIP value calculated by the sending end, and gives the number of bit errors that occur when the client code block is transmitted by comparing the difference between the BIP value calculated by the receiving end and the BIP value calculated by the sending end. The bit error rate of the client signal transmitted by the service layer is calculated by accumulating the number of bit errors. All client code blocks between two OAM code blocks are monitored, including S blocks, D blocks, T blocks, O code blocks, and idle blocks.

[0096] like Fig.18 As shown, Fig.18This is a schematic diagram of the OAM code block that carries the BIP calculation result of the sender. In the China Mobile standard, it is carried through an OAM code block with a subtype of base. The 50th to 57th bits (8 bits in total) in this code block carry the BIP8 calculation result of the sender. There are reserved fields in the OAM code block with a subtype of base, such as bits 26-31, bits 38-41, and bits 42-49, and the contents of these bits are still enabled. The TCM layer can also use these reserved bits to transmit the BIP calculation results of the TCM layer sender to realize the error monitoring function of the TCM layer. The specific implementation method is as follows Fig.19 In the figure, device 1 is the sending device of the channel layer, which sends the OAM code block of the channel layer. The TCM field in the code block indicates that the code block is a channel layer OAM code block. The first layer TCM function is enabled, device 3 is the sending device of the TCM layer, and device 7 is the receiving device of the TCM layer. The TCM layer implements the service quality monitoring function of the TCM layer between device 3 and device 7. After device 3 receives the OAM code block from device 1, it modifies the TCM field value in the OAM code block and changes the channel layer OAM code block type to the TCM layer OAM code block type. Device 3 simultaneously calculates the BIP value of all customer service code blocks between the two OAM code blocks (marked as BIP-1, that is, the BIP calculation result of the first layer TCM), and obtains the BIP calculation result of the TCM layer sending device. Similarly, in the modified OAM code block reserved field, for example, the BIP value calculated by the TCM layer sending end is placed in the 42-49 bit position in the OAM code block, as shown Fig. 20 , the reserved field at bit position 42-49 in the OAM code block has 8 bits, which can carry the calculation result value of BIP8. By enabling the reserved field in the OAM code block to carry the BIP calculation result of the TCM layer, device 3 also carries the BIP calculation reception of the TCM layer when sending the OAM code block. Device 7 is the receiving device of the TCM layer. Device 7 also uses the same method to calculate the BIP value of the TCM layer. The BIP value calculated by the receiving end is compared with the BIP value calculated by the sending end to obtain the number of bit errors in the transmission of customer services at the TCM layer, and then calculate the bit error rate of the customer code block transmitted by the TCM layer, providing reference data for protection switching of the TCM layer.

[0097] Fig.19 This is a schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment showing a hierarchical TCM to implement a bit error monitoring function. In an application, it may be necessary to enable a multi-layer TCM function, for example Fig.21The three-layer TCM function needs to be activated, and each TCM layer needs to implement the bit error monitoring function. In this way, the sending device of the first TCM layer calculates the BIP value of this TCM layer, carries it in the OAM code block and transmits it to the receiving device of the corresponding TCM layer. The receiving device of the corresponding TCM layer completes the BIP value calculation according to the same algorithm, compares the calculation results of the receiving device and the sending device, and gives the number of bit errors in this TCM layer, thereby obtaining the bit error rate of this TCM layer. Fig.21 The three-layer TCM function needs to be enabled. The first-layer TCM sending device calculates the BIP value of the first-layer TCM, that is, BIP-1; the second-layer TCM sending device calculates the BIP value of the second-layer TCM, that is, BIP-2; the third-layer TCM sending device calculates the BIP value of the third-layer TCM, that is, BIP-3. When the error monitoring function of the three-layer TCM is enabled, the BIP calculation results (BIP-1, BIP-2, BIP-3) of the three-layer TCM need to be carried in the OAM code block at the same time (in addition to the BIP value of the channel layer). If the BIP algorithm uses BIP8, the BIP8 result is 8 bits. When the three-layer TCM function is enabled and the BIP8 algorithm is used, the BIP result has a total of 24 bits. An additional 24 bits of free space are required in the OAM code block to transmit the BIP value of the three-layer TCM. In the current standard, there are only reserved bits 26-31, 38-41, and 42-49 in the OAM code block of type base, with a total of 6+4+8=18 reserved bit positions, which cannot transmit the BIP values ​​of three BIP8 (a total of 24 bits). In practical applications, the BIP calculation algorithm can use the BIP8 algorithm (the BIP calculation result is an 8-bit value), or the BIP6 algorithm (the BIP calculation result is a 6-bit value), or the BIP4 algorithm (the BIP calculation result is a 4-bit value). The number of bits of the BIP algorithm is related to the error detection capability. The BIP algorithm can only correctly detect the number of errors under a small error rate, and there is an upper limit bottleneck in the error rate during normal operation. For the single-bit BIP1 calculation algorithm (the calculation result is only a 1-bit value), when the parity calculation algorithm is used, if only one value in all the data to be calculated is wrong, the parity calculation result can identify the error; when two data are wrong at the same time, it cannot be distinguished, and the parity calculation algorithm can only detect a single error. In order to improve the error detection capability of the BIP algorithm, a multi-bit BIP algorithm is used. The more bits the BIP calculation result has, the greater the number of bit errors that can be tolerated during detection, and the greater the corresponding bit error rate; the fewer bits the BIP calculation result has, the smaller the maximum bit error rate that can be tolerated during detection. Considering that the number of bits in the reserved field of the OAM code block in the current standard is limited, when only one layer of TCM function is enabled, the BIP algorithm uses BIP8, and the 8 reserved bits in the enabled OAM code block are used to transmit the BIP8 calculation results sent by the TCM layer, such as Fig. 20; When only the Layer 2 TCM function is enabled, the BIP algorithm uses BIP8, and the 16-bit reserved bits in the enabled OAM code block are used to transmit the BIP8 calculation results sent by the TCM layer, such as Fig. 22 In the figure above; when the three-layer TCM function is enabled, the BIP algorithm of the first layer TCM adopts BIP8, and the BIP algorithm of the second and third layers TCM adopts BIP4. The reserved bits of 8+4+4=16 bits in the startup OAM code block are used to transmit the BIP calculation results sent by the TCM layer, such as Fig. 22 The following figure. When multiple layers of TCM are started and the number of BIP algorithm data bits of each layer of TCM is different, the first layer of TCM has the longest monitored path among all TCM layers, and the third layer of TCM has the shortest monitored path among all TCM layers. Under the same circumstances, the longer the monitored path, the greater the total number of bit errors between end-to-end, and the greater the end-to-end bit error rate. In order to avoid the bit error rate reaching the upper monitoring threshold, the number of bits of the BIP algorithm needs to be as large as possible. When the first layer of TCM starts with the largest number of BIP algorithm bits and the third layer of TCM starts with the smallest number of BIP algorithm bits, the BIP algorithm effect of the three layers of TCM is fully utilized. Therefore, the first layer of TCM uses BIP8, and the second and third layers of TCM use BIP4. In some scenarios, in order to facilitate processing and simplify circuit processing complexity, the three layers of TCM use the same BIP algorithm. For example, if all three layers of TCM use the BIP4 algorithm, the three layers of TCM only need a total of 4+4+4=12 reserved bits to transmit the BIP algorithm results of the TCM layer. Fig.23 Of course, all three layers of TCM use the BIP6 algorithm. The three layers of TCM only need 6+6+6=18 reserved bits to transmit the BIP algorithm results of the TCM layer. Fig.24 Whether the TCM layer BIP algorithm adopts BIP8, BIP6, or BIP4, it is within the scope of the embodiment of the present application.

[0098] For BIP algorithms using different bit widths, after obtaining the BIP algorithm results of multiple bit widths, if you need to obtain the BIP algorithm results of fewer bit widths, you can directly shorten the BIP algorithm results of longer bit widths, that is, the BIP algorithm results of longer bit widths can be reduced to the BIP algorithm results of shorter bit widths by a simple algorithm. For example, when the BIP8 algorithm is used to obtain the BIP calculation result, the calculation result is an 8-bit data value, represented by BIP8[7:0]. When the BIP4 calculation result is needed, the calculation result is a 4-bit data value, represented by BIP4[3:0]. The BIP8 algorithm result can be simply reduced to the BIP4 algorithm result by recalculating the 2-bit data bits in the BIP8 algorithm result into 1 bit. For example: BIP4[0] = the result of BIP8[0] and BIP8[1]; BIP4[1] = the result of BIP8[2] and BIP8[3]; BIP4[2] = the result of BIP8[4] and BIP8[5]; BIP4[3] = the result of BIP8[6] and BIP8[7]. Of course, other combinations are also possible, for example: BIP4[0] = the result of BIP8[0] and BIP8[4]; BIP4[1] = the result of BIP8[1] and BIP8[5]; BIP4[2] = the result of BIP8[2] and BIP8[6]; BIP4[3] = the result of BIP8[3] and BIP8[7]. The TCM layer requires BIP, and a similar method can be used to convert the 4-bit value in BIP8 into a 2-bit value (other values ​​remain unchanged), for example, BIP6[0] = BIP8[0]; BIP6[1] = BIP8[1]; BIP6[2] = BIP8[2]; BIP6[3] = BIP8[3]; BIP6[4] = the result of BIP8[4] and BIP8[6]; BIP6[5] = the result of BIP8[5] and BIP8[7].

[0099] In addition, in the related art, another OAM code block format is provided, which is as follows: Fig.14 As shown, for this format of OAM code block, the reserved position of bits 38-41 of the OAM code block can be expanded into a TCM function, such as Fig.15 In this implementation, the content of the 38th to 41st bit positions in the OAM code block is expanded into a TCM identification field, and the value of the TCM identification field may include one of the following: 0001: indicates OAM of the first layer TCM function; 0010: indicates OAM of the second layer TCM function; 0011: indicates OAM of the third layer TCM function; 0000: indicates channel layer OAM, which is the reserved value of the current China Mobile standard; 0100-1111: Reserved Fig.15 The content of the TCM identification field shown is optional. In specific implementation, the extended content may be other content. For example, "0101" indicates the OAM of the first layer TCM function; "1010" indicates the OAM of the second layer TCM function; and "1111" indicates the OAM of the third layer TCM function. Fig.16 As shown, the TCM identification field position can also be any partial bit position among bits 42-65 in the code block.

[0100] The international ITU organization has formulated many reserved bits in the channel layer OAM code block format of MTN equipment. There are 24 reserved bits between bits 42 and 65, which can support the calculation results of three groups of BIP8. When supporting three-layer TCM functions and each layer of TCM starts the error detection function, the sending device of each layer of TCM can calculate the BIP value of this layer, and carry the BIP calculation result of the sender in the reserved field, such as Fig.25 , carrying the BIP calculation results of the three-layer TCM sending device, such as BIP-1, BIP-2, and BIP-3.

[0101] In the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the OAM code block types of different levels are defined by extending the TCM identification field, the original OAM code block is modified to the OAM code block type of this level in the source device in the corresponding layer network, the OAM block of this level is extracted and stripped in the host device of this layer network, and the service quality monitoring and protection switching of this layer network are realized by analyzing the extracted OAM. When the layered TCM function is realized in the network layer, the original OAM code block is modified to the OAM code block type of this layer on each layer. When the layer increases, the number of inserted OAM code blocks remains unchanged, so that the maintenance and management function of the TCM layer is realized without the need to insert additional OAM code blocks. There are many types of OAM code blocks defined in the current standard, such as basic code blocks, protection switching code blocks, delay measurement code blocks, customer identification code blocks, etc., which respectively meet the functional requirements of error detection, channel connection monitoring, connection verification, remote error, remote failure, delay measurement, fast protection switching, customer signal failure and customer signal. In the channel layer, generally all functional requirements need to be implemented. In other TCM layered networks, generally only the fast protection switching function needs to be implemented, and there is no need to implement delay measurement and other functions. In this way, in the TCM layer, only one or two OAM code blocks in the basic code block and protection switching code block need to be modified, and there is no need to modify the delay measurement, customer identification code block, etc. In this way, the OAM code blocks that need to be modified when enabling multi-layer TCM functions are greatly reduced.

[0102] It should be noted that, although several possible positions of the target field are listed in the above implementation, it is not limited thereto, and in a specific application, the target field may also be located at other positions of the OAM code block.

[0103] In addition, although three TCM segments are used as an example in the above-mentioned examples of the embodiments of the present application, it is not limited to this. In specific applications, it can be flexibly set according to the number of transmission nodes included in the service channel that carries the service. For example, assuming that the service channel includes a total of 7 transmission nodes (i.e., communication equipment), two TCM segments can be set. If the service channel includes 11 transmission nodes, three TCM segments can be set, or four TCM segments can be set. If the service channel includes more transmission nodes, more TCM segments can be set, or two or three segments can be maintained. The number of bits occupied by the corresponding target field can be determined according to the number of TCM segments included, which is not limited in the specific embodiments of the present application.

[0104] Fig.26 A schematic diagram of a service quality monitoring system shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Fig.26 As shown, the system 1700 mainly includes a first communication device 1701, which is used to implement the method steps executed by the above-mentioned first communication device. Please refer to the description in the above-mentioned method embodiment for details, which will not be repeated here; a third communication device 1702, which is used to implement the method steps executed by the above-mentioned third communication device. Please refer to the description in the above-mentioned method embodiment for details, which will not be repeated here.

[0105] Fig. 27 The structural block diagram of a communication device 1800 shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. The communication device can be implemented as a cloud terminal management platform in the above-mentioned solution of the present application or a cloud server with a cloud terminal. The communication device 1800 includes a central processing unit (CPU) 1801, a system memory 1804 including a random access memory (RAM) 1802 and a read-only memory (ROM) 1803, and a system bus 1805 connecting the system memory 1804 and the central processing unit 1801. The communication device 1800 also includes a large-capacity storage device 1806 for storing an operating system 1809, a client 1810 and other program modules 1811.

[0106] Without loss of generality, the computer-readable medium may include computer storage media and communication media. Computer storage media include volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented by any method or technology for storing information such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Computer storage media include RAM, ROM, Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), Electronically-Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM) flash memory or other solid-state storage technology, CD-ROM, Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) or other optical storage, tape cassettes, tapes, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices. Of course, those skilled in the art will know that the computer storage medium is not limited to the above. The above-mentioned system memory 1804 and mass storage device 1806 can be collectively referred to as memory.

[0107] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the communication device 1800 can also be connected to a remote computer on a network through a network such as the Internet. That is, the communication device 1800 can be connected to a network 1808 through a network interface unit 1807 connected to the system bus 1805, or the network interface unit 1807 can be used to connect to other types of networks or remote computer systems (not shown).

[0108] The memory also includes at least one instruction, at least one program, code set or instruction set, and the at least one instruction, at least one program, code set or instruction set is stored in the memory. The central processor 1801 implements all or part of the steps in the service code block stream transmission method or service quality monitoring method shown in the above-mentioned embodiments by executing the at least one instruction, at least one program, code set or instruction set.

[0109] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, in which at least one computer program is stored, and the computer program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement all or part of the steps in the above-mentioned method for transmitting a service code block stream, or to implement all or part of the steps in the above-mentioned method for monitoring the quality of service. For example, the computer-readable storage medium may be a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, an optical data storage device, etc.

[0110] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is also provided, which includes at least one computer program, which is loaded by a processor and executes all or part of the steps in the above-mentioned service code block stream transmission method shown in any of the above-mentioned embodiments, or all or part of the steps in the above-mentioned service quality monitoring method.

[0111] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present application after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present application is intended to cover any modification, use or adaptation of the present application, which follows the general principles of the present application and includes common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present application. The specification and examples are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present application are indicated by the claims.

[0112] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for transmitting a service code block stream, characterized in that: Applied to a first communication device, comprising: Receiving a target service code block stream sent by a second communication device, wherein the first communication device and the second communication device are communication devices in a service pipe carrying the target service, and the first communication device is set as a source end of a target tandem connection monitoring TCM segment; Modifying the original OAM code block into a first OAM code block in the target service code block stream, wherein the value of the target field of the first OAM code block is a target value corresponding to the target tandem connection monitoring TCM segment; The modified target service code block stream is transmitted.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The target field is a reserved field of the OAM code block.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The reserved field is bits 10 to 11 of the OAM code block.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reserved field is bits 38 to 41 of the OAM code block.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The target field is a characteristic field of the OAM code block.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The characteristic field is bits 34 to 37 of the OAM code block.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The target value includes one of the following: The first value is used to indicate that the OAM code block is a code block of the first TCM segment; The second value is used to indicate that the OAM code block is a code block of the second TCM segment; The third value is used to indicate that the OAM code block is a code block of the third TCM segment.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The method further comprises: In a case where the value of the target field of the original OAM code block is a fourth value, the target value is a first value, wherein the fourth value is used to indicate that the OAM code block is a channel layer OAM code block.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method further comprises When the value of the target field of the original OAM code block is a first value, the target value is a second value; In a case where the value of the target field of the original OAM code block is the second value, the target value is the third value.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that Modifying the original OAM code block into a first OAM code block in the target service code block stream includes: An initial value of a target field of an OAM code block is modified to the target value in the target service code block stream, so as to modify an original OAM code block to a first OAM code block in the target service code block stream.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that Modifying the initial value of the target field of the OAM code block in the target service code block stream to the target value includes: According to a preset code block interval, the initial value of the target field of the OAM code block in the target service code block stream is periodically modified to the target value.

12. A method for monitoring service quality, characterized in that: Applicable to a third communication device, comprising: Receiving a target service code block stream sent by a fourth communication device, wherein the third communication device and the fourth communication device are communication devices in a service pipe carrying the target service, and the third communication device is set as a sink of a target TCM segment; Monitoring the service quality of the target TCM segment by detecting a first OAM code block in the target service code block stream, wherein a value of a target field of the first OAM code block is a target value corresponding to the target TCM segment; The first OAM code block is restored to the original OAM code block in the target service code block stream, and the restored target service code block stream is transmitted to a fifth communication device, wherein the original OAM code block is an OAM code block before being modified into the first OAM code block, and the fifth communication device is a communication device located downstream of the third communication device in the service pipe.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The target field is a reserved field of the OAM code block.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The reserved field is bits 10 to 11 of the OAM code block.

15. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The reserved field is bits 38 to 41 of the OAM code block.

16. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The target field is a characteristic field of the OAM code block.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that The characteristic field is bits 34 to 37 of the OAM code block.

18. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 17, characterized in that The target value includes one of the following: The first value is used to indicate that the OAM code block is a code block of the first TCM segment; The second value is used to indicate that the OAM code block is a code block of the second TCM segment; The third value is used to indicate that the OAM code block is a code block of the third TCM segment.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that The method further comprises: In a case where the value of the target field of the original OAM code block is a fourth value, the target value is a first value, wherein the fourth value is used to indicate that the OAM code block is a channel layer OAM code block.

20. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that The method further comprises When the value of the target field of the original OAM code block is a first value, the target value is a second value; In a case where the value of the target field of the original OAM code block is the second value, the target value is the third value.

21. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 17, characterized in that Restoring the first OAM code block to an original OAM code block in the target service code block stream includes: The target value of the target field of the OAM code block is restored to an initial value in the target service code block stream, so as to restore the first OAM code block to an original OAM code block in the target service code block stream, wherein the initial value is a value taken before being modified to the target value.

22. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 17, characterized in that Monitoring the service quality of the target TCM segment by detecting the first OAM code block in the target service code block stream includes: Detecting a first OAM code block included in the target service code block stream; It is determined, based on the detected first OAM code block, whether a service bearer pipe between a source end of the target TCM segment and a sink end of the target TCM segment has a fault.

23. The method according to claim 22, further comprising: When it is determined that a service bearer pipe between the source end of the target TCM segment and the sink end of the target TCM segment has a fault, the service bearer pipe between the source end of the target TCM segment and the sink end of the target TCM segment is switched.

24. A service quality monitoring system, characterized in that: include: A first communication device, configured to execute the method for transmitting a service code block stream according to any one of claims 1 to 11; The third communication device is configured to execute the service quality monitoring method as claimed in any one of claims 12 to 23.

25. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing programs or instructions that can be run on the processor, and the programs or instructions, when executed by the processor, implement the method for transmitting the service code block stream as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, and / or implement the service quality monitoring method as described in any one of claims 12 to 23.

26. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores programs or instructions, and when the programs or instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the method for transmitting the service code block stream as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, and / or implement the service quality monitoring method as described in any one of claims 12 to 23.

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