Method and system for optimizing operating parameters of ethyl acetate reactive distillation column in real time

Abstract

The invention discloses a real-time optimization method and system for operating parameters of an ethyl acetate reactive distillation column. The method comprises the steps of obtaining current data and a historical data set in each real-time optimization period; substituting the current operation data into an ethyl acetate reactive distillation mechanism model, and calculating a first theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration; second theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentrations are calculated after different operation offsets are applied, and after each second theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration is corrected, an operation-concentration data set is formed by different operation offsets, current operation data and third theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentrations corresponding to each operation offset; filtering the cosine similarity according to a calculation result of the cosine similarity; and calculating the operation optimum degree of each instance in the filtered operation-concentration data set, taking the instance with the highest operation optimum degree as an optimized operation parameter result, and completing real-time optimization of the operation parameters of the ethyl acetate reactive distillation tower.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial control, and in particular relates to a real-time optimization method and system for operating parameters of an ethyl acetate reaction distillation tower. Background Art

[0002] In the process industry, the production of ethyl acetate is mainly completed by esterification reaction of acetic acid and ethanol in concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst. The esterification reaction is a reversible reaction, so there is a problem of coexistence of ethyl acetate products and acetic acid and ethanol raw materials. In order to fully carry out the reaction and improve the conversion rate, a reactive distillation tower is generally used to achieve continuous generation of the above process, that is, to couple the chemical reaction and distillation. While acetic acid and ethanol are reacting, the products are separated in the distillation tower. This approach is conducive to the reversible reaction in a direction that is beneficial to the reaction product, thereby improving the conversion rate.

[0003] According to the atmospheric boiling point data of acetic acid, ethanol and ethyl acetate, the constant boiling point of water-ethanol-ethyl acetate is the lowest, and ethanol is a raw material and is not expected to enter the product, so in the reaction, excess acetic acid is generally added to make ethanol fully consumed. This can largely ensure the purity of ethyl acetate, and in order to further improve the purity of the product, it is necessary to optimize the operating parameters such as feed flow rate, acetic acid-ethanol ratio, reflux ratio, and bottom temperature to maintain a high product purity of ethyl acetate.

[0004] For operators, optimizing the above operating parameters requires a lot of practical experience, and novice operators often lack this ability. At the same time, if the ethyl acetate reaction distillation tower is analyzed theoretically, it is difficult to accurately describe the physical and chemical changes that occur, and it is impossible to provide an accurate model for optimizing the operating parameters. Using the operating data of the reaction distillation tower and combining the operating mechanism of the reaction distillation tower to establish an operating parameter optimization model can overcome the difficulties faced by the above theoretical analysis method and can be closer to the actual situation of the device.

[0005] The existing operating parameter optimization technology is generally to establish a strict ethyl acetate reaction distillation model, and calculate the corresponding operating parameters according to the actual parameters of the production unit, such as the height of the distillation tower, the number of plates, the designed feed rate, etc. The above method is generally used in the design stage, that is, the operating parameters calculated by the technology are told to the operator, and then the operator is allowed to make adjustments on this basis.

[0006] The operating parameter optimization method based on the mechanism model used in the above technology has bottlenecks in the actual application process, that is, it can only give inaccurate operating parameter results, which mainly serve as prompts. It cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the operating data, and cannot achieve the effect of real-time optimization of operating parameters. Summary of the invention

[0007] The invention aims to solve the problems existing in the prior art and provide a method and system for real-time optimization of operating parameters of an ethyl acetate reactive distillation tower.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for real-time optimization of operating parameters of an ethyl acetate reactive distillation tower, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1. In each real-time optimization cycle, current data is obtained. If the historical data set cannot be obtained, the current data is added to the historical data set, and the current data and the historical data set are re-obtained after a preset period, and then S2 is entered; if the historical data set can be obtained, S2 is directly entered; wherein the current data includes current operation data and current tower top ethyl acetate concentration data, and the historical data set contains historical operation data and historical tower top ethyl acetate concentration data, and the operation data includes feed flow rate, ethanol / acetic acid ratio, reflux ratio and tower bottom temperature;

[0011] S2. Substituting the current operating data into the ethyl acetate reactive distillation mechanism model to calculate the first theoretical overhead ethyl acetate concentration;

[0012] S3. After applying different operation offsets to the current operation data, each operation data after adding the operation offset is substituted into the ethyl acetate reactive distillation mechanism model, and the second theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration corresponding to each operation offset is calculated, and each second theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration is corrected according to the deviation between the first theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration and the current tower top ethyl acetate concentration data to obtain the third theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration corresponding to each operation offset, and the operation-concentration data set is composed of different operation offsets, the current operation data and the third theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration corresponding to each operation offset;

[0013] S4. Sort the top ethyl acetate concentration data in the historical data set from high to low, calculate the concentration increase optimization direction from the sorted top ethyl acetate concentration data, and filter the operation-concentration data set in S3 according to the calculation result of cosine similarity to obtain a filtered operation-concentration data set;

[0014] S5. Calculate the operation optimality of each instance in the filtered operation-concentration data set, take the instance with the highest operation optimality as the optimized operation parameter result, and complete the real-time optimization of the operation parameters of the ethyl acetate reactive distillation tower.

[0015] Based on the above scheme, each step can be implemented in the following preferred specific manner.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the first aspect, in step S2, the functional form of the ethyl acetate reactive distillation mechanism model is:

[0017] c=h(f,r f ,r,t)

[0018] Where c represents the theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration; f represents the feed flow rate; r f represents the ethanol / acetic acid ratio; r represents the reflux ratio; t represents the bottom temperature.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the first aspect, in step S3, the method for generating the operation offset is: calculating the minimum positive integer p that satisfies the following conditions:

[0020]

[0021] Then the operation offset of group j is expressed as follows:

[0022]

[0023] Where X represents the cardinality, and its value range is X∈{2, 3, 5, 7}; X i represents the ith power of the cardinality X; N represents the number of preset operation offset groups; It represents the inverted decimal of j expressed in binary. It represents the inverted decimal of j expressed in base 3. It means the inverted decimal of j expressed in base 5. Represents the inverted decimal of j expressed in base 7.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the first aspect, in step S3, the formula for correcting the second theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration is:

[0025] c 3 =c 2 +c 0 -c 1

[0026] Among them, c 0 Indicates the current tower top ethyl acetate concentration data; c 1 represents the first theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration; c 2 represents the second theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration; c 3 It represents the third theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned first aspect, in step S4, the specific process of filtering the operation-concentration data set is: obtaining the operation offset in the historical data set from the concentration increase optimization direction, calculating the cosine similarity of the operation offset of each instance in the operation-concentration data set and the operation offset in the historical data set, and deleting instances with cosine similarity less than 0 from the operation-concentration data set, and finally obtaining the filtered operation-concentration data set.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the first aspect, in step S5, the operation optimality OpOp is calculated as follows:

[0029]

[0030] Where F represents the operational offset of the feed flow rate; F0 represents the operational offset of the feed flow rate relative to the current feed flow rate in each instance in the filtered operation-concentration data set; R F represents the operating offset of the ethanol / acetic acid ratio; R F0 represents the operational offset of the ethanol / acetic acid ratio in each instance in the filtered operation-concentration data set relative to the current feed flow rate; R represents the operational offset of the reflux ratio; R0 represents the operational offset of the reflux ratio in each instance in the filtered operation-concentration data set relative to the current feed flow rate; T represents the operational offset of the tower bottom temperature; T0 represents the operational offset of the tower bottom temperature in each instance in the filtered operation-concentration data set relative to the current feed flow rate; F 2 ,R F 2 ,R 2 ,T 2 , Respectively represent F, R F ,R,T,F0,R F0 ,R0,T0 square; C represents the ethyl acetate concentration offset.

[0031] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a real-time optimization system for operating parameters of an ethyl acetate reactive distillation tower, comprising:

[0032] A data acquisition module is used to acquire current data in each real-time optimization cycle. If the historical data set cannot be acquired, the current data is added to the historical data set, and the current data and the historical data set are acquired again after a preset cycle, and S2 is entered; if the historical data set can be acquired, S2 is directly entered; wherein the current data includes current operation data and current tower top ethyl acetate concentration data, the historical data set contains historical operation data and historical tower top ethyl acetate concentration data, and the operation data includes feed flow rate, ethanol / acetic acid ratio, reflux ratio and tower bottom temperature;

[0033] A calculation module, used for substituting current operation data into the ethyl acetate reactive distillation mechanism model to calculate the first theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration;

[0034] A data optimization module is used for respectively applying different operation offsets to the current operation data, substituting each operation data after adding the operation offset into the ethyl acetate reactive distillation mechanism model, calculating the second theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration corresponding to each operation offset, correcting each second theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration according to the deviation between the first theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration and the current tower top ethyl acetate concentration data, and obtaining the third theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration corresponding to each operation offset, and forming an operation-concentration data set by different operation offsets, the current operation data and the third theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration corresponding to each operation offset;

[0035] A filtering module is used to sort the tower top ethyl acetate concentration data in the historical data set from high to low, calculate the concentration increase optimization direction based on the sorted tower top ethyl acetate concentration data, and filter the operation-concentration data set in S3 according to the calculation result of cosine similarity to obtain a filtered operation-concentration data set;

[0036] The result acquisition module is used to calculate the operation optimality of each instance in the filtered operation-concentration data set, and take the instance with the highest operation optimality as the optimized operation parameter result to complete the real-time optimization of the operation parameters of the ethyl acetate reactive distillation tower.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide an operating parameter combination that can gradually achieve the optimal product purity by analyzing the operating mechanism of a reactive distillation tower and combining the operating data of ethyl acetate reactive distillation. The necessary technical points include generating an operating offset and selecting the optimal operating offset based on historical data.

[0039] The key point of the present invention is how to use the ethyl acetate operation data and combine it with the mechanism model of ethyl acetate reactive distillation to achieve operation parameter optimization. The beneficial effect brought by the present invention is that the operation parameter optimization knowledge can be mined from the operation data of the device, reducing the accuracy requirement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the steps of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the ethyl acetate reactive distillation tower;

[0042] Figure 3 It is a system block diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation mode of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below. The technical features in each embodiment of the present invention can be combined accordingly without conflicting with each other.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are only used for the purpose of distinguishing descriptions, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0045] The ethyl acetate reaction distillation tower process involved in this embodiment is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the feed is a mixed solution of ethanol / acetic acid in a certain proportion, and the top product is ethyl acetate product.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred implementation of the present invention, the above-mentioned method for real-time optimization of operating parameters of an ethyl acetate reactive distillation tower comprises the following steps S1 to S5. The specific implementation process is described in detail below.

[0047] S1. In each real-time optimization cycle, current data is obtained. If the historical data set cannot be obtained, the current data is added to the historical data set, and the current data and the historical data set are re-obtained after a preset period, and then S2 is entered; if the historical data set can be obtained, S2 is directly entered; wherein the current data includes current operation data and current tower top ethyl acetate concentration data c, and the historical data set contains historical operation data and historical tower top ethyl acetate concentration data c, and the operation data includes feed flow rate f, ethanol / acetic acid ratio r f , reflux ratio r and bottom temperature t.

[0048] It should be noted that, in step S1 of the present invention, the preset period is generally 30 minutes to 60 minutes. In step S1 of this embodiment, the preset period is set to 30 minutes.

[0049] In this embodiment, the current operating data are first obtained, specifically the feed flow rate f = 100 kg / h, the ethanol / acetic acid ratio r f=0.9, reflux ratio r=4, tower bottom temperature t=80 degrees Celsius, and tower top ethyl acetate concentration c=78%. The size of the historical data set is 1, which means that a set of historical data is stored, specifically, the feed flow rate is 110 kg / h, the ethanol / acetic acid ratio is 0.93, the reflux ratio is 4.2, the tower bottom temperature is 79 degrees Celsius, and the tower top ethyl acetate concentration is 77%.

[0050] S2. Substitute the current operating data into the ethyl acetate reactive distillation mechanism model to calculate the first theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration.

[0051] It should be noted that in step S2 of the present invention, the implementation method of the ethyl acetate reactive distillation mechanism model belongs to the prior art, and its function form is:

[0052] c=h(f,r f ,r,t)

[0053] Wherein, c represents the first theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration, dimensionless; f represents the feed flow rate, unit is kg / h; r f represents the ethanol / acetic acid ratio, dimensionless; r represents the reflux ratio, dimensionless; t represents the bottom temperature, in degrees Celsius.

[0054] In this embodiment, the current feed flow rate f = 100 kg / h, ethanol / acetic acid ratio r f =0.9, reflux ratio r=4 and bottom temperature t=80 degrees Celsius. These operating data are substituted into the ethyl acetate reactive distillation mechanism model to calculate the first theoretical top ethyl acetate concentration to be 78.5%.

[0055] S3. After applying different operation offsets to the current operation data, each operation data after adding the operation offset is substituted into the ethyl acetate reactive distillation mechanism model, and the second theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration corresponding to each operation offset is calculated. According to the deviation between the first theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration and the current tower top ethyl acetate concentration data, each second theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration is corrected to obtain the third theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration corresponding to each operation offset. The operation-concentration data set is composed of different operation offsets, the current operation data and the third theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration corresponding to each operation offset.

[0056] It should be noted that, in step S3 of the present invention, the method for generating the above operation offset is: calculating the minimum positive integer p that satisfies the following conditions:

[0057]

[0058] Then the operation offset of group j is expressed as follows:

[0059]

[0060] Where X represents the cardinality, and its value range is X∈{2, 3, 5, 7}; X i represents the ith power of the cardinality X; N represents the number of preset operation offset groups; It represents the inverted decimal of j expressed in binary. It represents the inverted decimal of j expressed in base 3. It means the inverted decimal of j expressed in base 5. Indicates the reversed decimal of j expressed in base 7.

[0061] In this embodiment, different operation offsets are applied to the current operation data of feed flow rate 100 kg / h, ethanol / acetic acid ratio 0.9, reflux ratio 4, and bottom temperature 80 degrees Celsius. In this embodiment, a total of 100 sets of operation offset combinations are generated, and the minimum positive integer p=6 that meets the above conditions is calculated. Taking the second set of operation offsets as an example, the calculation result is:

[0062]

[0063] Here, the second set of operation offsets As an example, the calculation method of the result is described. First, the group index j=2 is expressed as 10 using binary, and then the result is expressed as a reverse decimal 0.01, and the reverse decimal is expanded using binary to obtain

[0064] It should be noted that, in step S3 of the present invention, the formula for correcting the second theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration is:

[0065] c 3 =c 2 +c 0 -c 1

[0066] Among them, c 0 Indicates the current tower top ethyl acetate concentration data; c 1 represents the first theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration; c 2 represents the second theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration; c 3 It represents the third theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration.

[0067] In this embodiment, N=100 sets of operation offsets plus current operation data are substituted into the ethyl acetate reactive distillation mechanism model to obtain N=100 sets of corresponding second theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentrations, and then the second theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration is corrected according to the deviation between the first theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration obtained in S2 and the current tower top ethyl acetate concentration data to obtain the third theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration. Finally, the operation-concentration data set is composed of 100 sets of operation offsets, the current operation data and the corresponding 100 sets of third theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentrations.

[0068] S4. Sort the tower top ethyl acetate concentration data in the historical data set from high to low, calculate the concentration increase optimization direction based on the sorted tower top ethyl acetate concentration data, and filter the operation-concentration data set in S3 according to the calculation result of cosine similarity to obtain a filtered operation-concentration data set.

[0069] It should be noted that in step S4 of the present invention, the specific process of filtering the operation-concentration data set is: obtaining the operation offset in the historical data set from the concentration increase optimization direction, calculating the cosine similarity of the operation offset of each instance in the operation-concentration data set and the operation offset in the historical data set, and deleting instances with cosine similarity less than 0 from the operation-concentration data set, and finally obtaining the filtered operation-concentration data set.

[0070] In this embodiment, the cosine similarity between 100 groups of operation offsets and the group of historical operation offsets [-10, -0.3, 0.2, 1] needs to be calculated, and 58 groups of operation offsets are deleted accordingly, that is, the size of the filtered operation-concentration data set is 42.

[0071] S5. Calculate the operation optimality of each instance in the filtered operation-concentration data set, take the instance with the highest operation optimality as the optimized operation parameter result, and complete the real-time optimization of the operation parameters of the ethyl acetate reactive distillation tower.

[0072] It should be noted that, in step S5 of the present invention, the calculation method of the operation optimality is as follows:

[0073]

[0074] Where F represents the operational offset of the feed flow rate; F0 represents the operational offset of the feed flow rate relative to the current feed flow rate in each instance in the filtered operation-concentration data set; R F represents the operating offset of the ethanol / acetic acid ratio; R F0represents the operational offset of the ethanol / acetic acid ratio in each instance in the filtered operation-concentration data set relative to the current feed flow rate; R represents the operational offset of the reflux ratio; R0 represents the operational offset of the reflux ratio in each instance in the filtered operation-concentration data set relative to the current feed flow rate; T represents the operational offset of the tower bottom temperature; T0 represents the operational offset of the tower bottom temperature in each instance in the filtered operation-concentration data set relative to the current feed flow rate; F 2 , R 2 ,T 2 , Respectively represent F, R F ,R,T,F0,R F0 ,R0,T0 square; C represents the ethyl acetate concentration offset.

[0075] In this embodiment, the calculation formula of the above-mentioned operation optimality can select an operation offset with a wider change direction. Subsequently, the example with the highest operation optimality can be selected as the result of real-time optimization, that is, new operating parameters (feed flow rate, ethanol / acetic acid ratio, reflux ratio, tower bottom temperature) are obtained.

[0076] It should also be noted that the real-time optimization method for the operating parameters of the ethyl acetate reaction distillation tower in the above embodiment can essentially be executed by a computer program or module. Therefore, similarly, based on the same inventive concept, another preferred embodiment of the present invention also provides a real-time optimization system for the operating parameters of the ethyl acetate reaction distillation tower corresponding to the real-time optimization method for the operating parameters of the ethyl acetate reaction distillation tower provided in the above embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, it includes:

[0077] A data acquisition module is used to acquire current data in each real-time optimization cycle. If the historical data set cannot be acquired, the current data is added to the historical data set, and the current data and the historical data set are acquired again after a preset cycle, and S2 is entered; if the historical data set can be acquired, S2 is directly entered; wherein the current data includes current operation data and current tower top ethyl acetate concentration data, the historical data set contains historical operation data and historical tower top ethyl acetate concentration data, and the operation data includes feed flow rate, ethanol / acetic acid ratio, reflux ratio and tower bottom temperature;

[0078] A calculation module, used for substituting current operation data into the ethyl acetate reactive distillation mechanism model to calculate the first theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration;

[0079] A data optimization module is used for respectively applying different operation offsets to the current operation data, substituting each operation data after adding the operation offset into the ethyl acetate reactive distillation mechanism model, calculating the second theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration corresponding to each operation offset, correcting each second theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration according to the deviation between the first theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration and the current tower top ethyl acetate concentration data, and obtaining the third theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration corresponding to each operation offset, and forming an operation-concentration data set by different operation offsets, the current operation data and the third theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration corresponding to each operation offset;

[0080] A filtering module is used to sort the tower top ethyl acetate concentration data in the historical data set from high to low, calculate the concentration increase optimization direction based on the sorted tower top ethyl acetate concentration data, and filter the operation-concentration data set in S3 according to the calculation result of cosine similarity to obtain a filtered operation-concentration data set;

[0081] The result acquisition module is used to calculate the operation optimality of each instance in the filtered operation-concentration data set, and take the instance with the highest operation optimality as the optimized operation parameter result to complete the real-time optimization of the operation parameters of the ethyl acetate reactive distillation tower.

[0082] The above-described embodiment is only a preferred solution of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. A person skilled in the relevant technical field may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any technical solution obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for real-time optimization of operating parameters of an ethyl acetate reactive distillation tower, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. In each real-time optimization cycle, current data is obtained. If the historical data set cannot be obtained, the current data is added to the historical data set, and the current data and the historical data set are re-obtained after a preset period, and then S2 is entered; if the historical data set can be obtained, S2 is directly entered; wherein the current data includes current operation data and current tower top ethyl acetate concentration data, and the historical data set contains historical operation data and historical tower top ethyl acetate concentration data, and the operation data includes feed flow rate, ethanol / acetic acid ratio, reflux ratio and tower bottom temperature; S2. Substituting the current operating data into the ethyl acetate reactive distillation mechanism model to calculate the first theoretical overhead ethyl acetate concentration; S3. After applying different operation offsets to the current operation data, each operation data after adding the operation offset is substituted into the ethyl acetate reactive distillation mechanism model, and the second theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration corresponding to each operation offset is calculated, and each second theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration is corrected according to the deviation between the first theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration and the current tower top ethyl acetate concentration data to obtain the third theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration corresponding to each operation offset, and the operation-concentration data set is composed of different operation offsets, the current operation data and the third theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration corresponding to each operation offset; S4. Sort the top ethyl acetate concentration data in the historical data set from high to low, calculate the concentration increase optimization direction from the sorted top ethyl acetate concentration data, and filter the operation-concentration data set in S3 according to the calculation result of cosine similarity to obtain a filtered operation-concentration data set; S5. Calculate the operation optimality of each instance in the filtered operation-concentration data set, take the instance with the highest operation optimality as the optimized operation parameter result, and complete the real-time optimization of the operation parameters of the ethyl acetate reactive distillation tower.

2. A method for real-time optimization of operating parameters of an ethyl acetate reactive distillation tower as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the functional form of the ethyl acetate reactive distillation mechanism model is: c=h(f,r f ,r,t) Where c represents the theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration; f represents the feed flow rate; r f represents the ethanol / acetic acid ratio; r represents the reflux ratio; t represents the bottom temperature.

3. A method for real-time optimization of operating parameters of an ethyl acetate reactive distillation tower as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the method for generating the operation offset is: calculating the minimum positive integer p that satisfies the following conditions: Then the operation offset of group j is expressed as follows: Where X represents the cardinality, and its value range is X∈{2, 3, 5, 7}; X i represents the ith power of the cardinality X; N represents the number of preset operation offset groups; It represents the inverted decimal of j expressed in binary. It represents the inverted decimal of j expressed in base 3. It means the inverted decimal of j expressed in base 5. Represents the inverted decimal of j expressed in base 7.

4. A method for real-time optimization of operating parameters of an ethyl acetate reactive distillation tower as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the formula for correcting the second theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration is: c 3 =c 2 +c 0 -c 1 Among them, c 0 Indicates the current tower top ethyl acetate concentration data; c 1 represents the first theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration; c 2 represents the second theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration; c 3 It represents the third theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration.

5. A method for real-time optimization of operating parameters of an ethyl acetate reactive distillation tower as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the specific process of filtering the operation-concentration data set is as follows: the operation offset in the historical data set is obtained from the concentration increase optimization direction, the cosine similarity of the operation offset of each instance in the operation-concentration data set and the operation offset in the historical data set is calculated, and instances with cosine similarity less than 0 are deleted from the operation-concentration data set, and finally a filtered operation-concentration data set is obtained.

6. A method for real-time optimization of operating parameters of an ethyl acetate reactive distillation tower as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the operation optimality OpOp is calculated as follows: Where F represents the operational offset of the feed flow rate; F0 represents the operational offset of the feed flow rate relative to the current feed flow rate in each instance in the filtered operation-concentration data set; R F represents the operating offset of the ethanol / acetic acid ratio; R F0 represents the operational offset of the ethanol / acetic acid ratio in each instance in the filtered operation-concentration data set relative to the current feed flow rate; R represents the operational offset of the reflux ratio; R0 represents the operational offset of the reflux ratio in each instance in the filtered operation-concentration data set relative to the current feed flow rate; T represents the operational offset of the tower bottom temperature; T0 represents the operational offset of the tower bottom temperature in each instance in the filtered operation-concentration data set relative to the current feed flow rate; F 2 , R 2 ,T 2 , Respectively represent F, R F ,R,T,F0,R F0 ,R0,T0 square; C represents the ethyl acetate concentration offset.

7. A real-time optimization system for operating parameters of an ethyl acetate reactive distillation tower, characterized in that: include: A data acquisition module is used to acquire current data in each real-time optimization cycle. If the historical data set cannot be acquired, the current data is added to the historical data set, and the current data and the historical data set are acquired again after a preset cycle, and S2 is entered; if the historical data set can be acquired, S2 is directly entered; wherein the current data includes current operation data and current tower top ethyl acetate concentration data, the historical data set contains historical operation data and historical tower top ethyl acetate concentration data, and the operation data includes feed flow rate, ethanol / acetic acid ratio, reflux ratio and tower bottom temperature; A calculation module, used for substituting current operation data into the ethyl acetate reactive distillation mechanism model to calculate the first theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration; A data optimization module is used for respectively applying different operation offsets to the current operation data, substituting each operation data after adding the operation offset into the ethyl acetate reactive distillation mechanism model, calculating the second theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration corresponding to each operation offset, correcting each second theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration according to the deviation between the first theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration and the current tower top ethyl acetate concentration data, and obtaining the third theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration corresponding to each operation offset, and forming an operation-concentration data set by different operation offsets, the current operation data and the third theoretical tower top ethyl acetate concentration corresponding to each operation offset; A filtering module is used to sort the tower top ethyl acetate concentration data in the historical data set from high to low, calculate the concentration increase optimization direction based on the sorted tower top ethyl acetate concentration data, and filter the operation-concentration data set in S3 according to the calculation result of cosine similarity to obtain a filtered operation-concentration data set; The result acquisition module is used to calculate the operation optimality of each instance in the filtered operation-concentration data set, and take the instance with the highest operation optimality as the optimized operation parameter result to complete the real-time optimization of the operation parameters of the ethyl acetate reactive distillation tower.

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