The invention relates to a classification recognition technology for detecting different types of cells through human blood cells. The technology comprises the following steps that A, initial partition is conducted on an original scatter diagram, and subgroup types are determined; B, Gaussian distribution characteristic parameters of all subgroups are calculated respectively, and the maximum log likelihood function value is calculated; C, iteration calculation is entered, and the probability distribution of cells located in the subgroups is calculated according to the Gaussian distribution function output from last iteration; D, Gaussian distribution characteristic parameters of all subgroups are calculated again according to the probability distribution of the cells, and the maximum log likelihood function value is calculated; E, whether the maximum log likelihood function value is convergent or not is judged, and if not, the third step and the fourth step are repeated to conduct iteration calculation; if yes, iteration is stopped, the Gaussian distribution characteristic parameters of all subgroups and the subgroup types of all the cells are output. According to the classification recognition technology for detecting the different types of the cells through the human blood cells, the requirement of accuracy on partition of an initial boundary of the scatter diagram is low, the complexity of the algorithm is reduced, the adaptive capacity is strong, and the accuracy and the stability of particle classification are improved.