The invention discloses an automatic transmitting and positioning aluminum profile drilling machine and method. The drilling machine comprises a base, a lifting platform, a transporting mechanism, a clamping mechanism and a drilling mechanism, wherein the lifting platform is arranged on the top of the base, the transmitting mechanism and the clamping mechanism are arranged on the platform in parallel, the drilling mechanism is arranged on one side of the base, and the transmitting mechanism, the clamping mechanism and the drilling mechanism are sequentially connected in the transmitting direction of an aluminum profile. The drilling method includes the steps of firstly, adjusting the heights of all the mechanisms through the lifting platform; secondly, starting the transmitting mechanism, and sending the end, to undergo hole drilling, of the aluminum profile onto the drilling mechanism; thirdly, clamping the aluminum profile through the clamping mechanism; fourthly, conducting drilling on the end portion of the aluminum profile through the drilling mechanism. The aluminum profile drilling machine is simple in structure, convenient to use and capable of replacing traditional manual operation, enables automatic drilling to the achieved, and is high in work efficiency and safety coefficient. The drilling machine is high in integratability and high in compatibility, and can be flexibly embedded into other automated production lines or integrated into other function devices.