Harvester threshing process detection method based on vibration energy recuperator

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of harvesting machine threshing process detection method based on vibration energy recovery device, vibration energy recovery device includes shell, stator, mobile, spring, shell is equipped with cavity, stator is fixed in cavity and is set in the periphery of mobile, mobile can slide back and forth relative to stator, when mobile slides back and forth relative to stator, the induction voltage of power generation coil on stator can be generated, vibration energy recovery device is installed on harvesting machine, when harvesting machine works, under the elastic force of spring, mobile changes with the gap between threshing cylinder and concave screen and slides back and forth relative to stator, the induction voltage generated by power generation coil when mobile slides back and forth relative to stator is monitored, whether the jam of harvesting machine's threshing device is judged according to the strength of monitored induction voltage.This application has the beneficial effect that: it can realize the gap adjustment between threshing cylinder and concave screen, and whether the jam of threshing device can be monitored, to ensure that harvesting machine threshing rate is reduced while reducing the risk of grain breakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and specifically to a method for detecting the threshing process of a harvester based on a vibration energy recovery device. Background Technology

[0002] The threshing device of a harvester mainly includes a threshing drum and a concave screen. During machine harvesting, the crop is threshed in the gap between the threshing drum and the concave screen. The specific working principle is that the threshing drum rotates at high speed and comes into contact with the crop, knocking the crop grains off the straw. The concave screen is used to screen and separate straw and other impurities that are different in size from the grains, ultimately achieving the threshing effect.

[0003] Traditional concave sieves are fixed in installation, with a constant gap between the threshing drum and the sieve. When crops enter this gap, it can easily cause blockage, preventing the device from operating properly. Furthermore, the grain breakage rate is related to both the threshing drum speed and the gap between the drum and the sieve. A higher drum speed and a smaller gap result in a higher threshing efficiency, but this also increases grain breakage, negatively impacting machine operation. Conversely, increasing the gap between the sieve and the drum while decreasing the drum speed reduces breakage, but the threshing efficiency may not be guaranteed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a harvester threshing process detection method based on a vibration energy recovery device. This method can adjust the gap between the threshing drum and the concave screen, and monitor whether the threshing device is blocked, thus ensuring the harvester's threshing efficiency while reducing the risk of grain breakage.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for detecting the threshing process of a harvester based on a vibration energy recovery device is disclosed. The vibration energy recovery device includes a shell, a stator, and a mover. The shell has a cavity, and the stator and mover are both vertically installed in the cavity. The stator is fixed in the cavity and sleeved around the mover. The mover can slide back and forth relative to the stator. When the mover slides back and forth relative to the stator, the generator coil on the stator can generate an induced voltage. The top and bottom of the cavity are provided with countersunk holes to facilitate the sliding of the mover. The bottom of the countersunk hole on the cavity cover has a sliding hole. The upper end of the mover is slidably connected to the sliding hole. The lower end of the mover is provided with a support ring. A spring is sleeved on the mover below the support ring. The two ends of the spring abut against the support ring and the bottom of the countersunk hole on the lower shell, respectively. The bottom of the countersunk hole on the lower shell has a through hole that penetrates the bottom of the shell. The lower end of the mover passes through the through hole and is slidably connected to the through hole.

[0007] The harvester threshing process inspection includes the following steps:

[0008] Install a vibration energy recovery device so that one end of the concave screen is directly fixed to the harvester body, the other end of the concave screen is connected to the lower end of the mover, and the top of the outer shell is connected to the harvester body.

[0009] When the harvester is working, under the action of the spring force, the mover slides back and forth relative to the stator as the gap between the threshing drum and the concave screen changes. The induced voltage generated by the generator coil when the mover slides back and forth relative to the stator is monitored.

[0010] The strength of the induced voltage is used to determine whether the threshing device of the harvester is blocked.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer casing includes a lower casing and a cavity cover. The lower casing has a cavity, and the cavity cover is fastened to the top of the lower casing. The side wall of the cavity cover and the side wall of the cavity are fixedly connected by locking screws. A countersunk hole is provided at the bottom of the cavity cover and the bottom of the cavity of the lower casing.

[0012] Furthermore, the mover includes a main shaft, permanent magnets, and iron cores. The upper end of the main shaft is slidably connected to a sliding hole, and the lower end of the main shaft passes through a through hole and is slidably connected to the through hole. A support ring is fixed at the lower end of the main shaft. A spring is sleeved on the main shaft below the support ring. Multiple permanent magnets and multiple iron cores are fixedly sleeved on the main shaft above the support ring. The permanent magnets and iron cores are alternately stacked. Two adjacent permanent magnets are axially magnetized and have opposite magnetic pole directions. The stator is sleeved around the permanent magnets and iron cores.

[0013] Furthermore, the stator includes a fixed coil, a magnetic adjustment ring, and a generator coil. The two ends of the fixed coil abut against the bottom of the inner cavity of the cavity cover and the lower housing, respectively. The inner wall of the fixed coil is provided with multiple annular grooves at equal intervals along the length of the fixed coil. The magnetic adjustment ring is embedded in the annular groove. The magnetic adjustment ring is sleeved around the permanent magnet and the iron core. The generator coil is wound on the outer wall of the fixed coil.

[0014] Furthermore, the fixing ring is formed by two symmetrical semicircles that embrace each other.

[0015] Furthermore, both the cavity cover and the lower housing are made of stainless steel.

[0016] Furthermore, the spindle and support ring are both made of stainless steel, the permanent magnet is made of neodymium iron boron, and the iron core is made of magnetically conductive material.

[0017] Furthermore, the fixing ring is made of hard plastic, the adjusting ring is made of magnetic material, and the generating coil is made of enameled wire.

[0018] Furthermore, a first retaining ring is provided on the top of the cavity cover, and a second retaining ring is connected to the lower end of the main shaft through the through hole. When the vibration energy recovery device is installed, the first retaining ring is connected to the harvester body, and the second retaining ring is connected to the concave screen.

[0019] Furthermore, when an induced voltage is detected, it can be determined that the threshing device of the harvester is not blocked; when no induced voltage is detected, it can be determined that the threshing device of the harvester is blocked.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. This invention, through the structural arrangement of a shell, a mover, a stator, a support ring, and springs, allows the vibration energy recovery device to be installed on a harvester. One end of the concave screen is directly fixed to the harvester body, the other end of the concave screen is connected to the lower end of the mover, and the top of the shell is connected to the harvester body. Thus, under the elastic force of the spring, the gap between the threshing drum and the concave screen changes with the rolling of the crop during harvester operation, achieving adaptive adjustment of the gap between the threshing drum and the concave screen.

[0022] 2. This invention enables real-time monitoring of the threshing process of a harvester using a vibration energy recovery device. After the vibration energy recovery device is installed on the harvester, the moving part can slide back and forth relative to the stator as the gap between the threshing drum and the concave screen changes. This allows the vibration energy recovery device to generate an induced voltage when the harvester is working. Based on the waveform of the induced voltage, it can be determined whether the threshing device of the harvester is blocked. When the threshing device of the harvester is working normally, the vibration energy recovery device generates an effective induced voltage, and the waveform of the induced voltage is normal. When the threshing device of the harvester is blocked, the vibration energy recovery device does not generate an induced voltage, and the waveform of the induced voltage is distorted.

[0023] 3. The vibration energy recovery device of the present invention has a power generation function. Compared with the traditional electromagnetic energy harvester, it effectively integrates the magnetic field modulation principle by means of the magnetic ring structure, transforms low-frequency vibration into high-frequency magnetic field, generates induced voltage superposition effect, and improves power generation. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the vibration energy recovery device in the threshing machine according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the vibration energy recovery device in this invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the vibration energy recovery device in this invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mover in this invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the stator structure in this invention;

[0029] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the stator adjusting magnetic ring and the fixed ring in this invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the outer shell structure of the energy recovery device in this invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Threshing drum; 2. Concave sieve; 3. Outer shell; 31. Lower shell; 32. Cavity cover; 4. Stator; 41. Fixed ring; 411. Half ring; 42. Adjusting ring; 43. Generating coil; 5. Mover; 51. Main shaft; 52. Permanent magnet; 53. Iron core; 6. Countersunk hole; 7. Sliding hole; 8. Support ring; 9. Spring; 10. Through hole; 11. First retaining ring; 12. Second retaining ring. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0033] A vibration energy recovery device can be used to adaptively adjust the gap between the threshing drum 1 and the concave screen 2 during the operation of a harvester, and can also be used to detect the threshing process of the harvester and determine whether the threshing device is blocked.

[0034] Specifically, such as Figures 1-7 As shown, the vibration energy recovery device includes a housing 3 and a stator 4. The housing 3 has a cavity, and the mover 5 is vertically installed in the cavity and can slide up and down. The top and bottom of the cavity are provided with countersunk holes 6 to facilitate the sliding of the mover 5. The bottom of the countersunk hole 6 on the cavity cover 32 has a sliding hole 7. The upper end of the mover 5 is slidably connected to the sliding hole 7. The lower end of the mover 5 is provided with a support ring 8. A spring 9 is sleeved on the mover 5 below the support ring 8. The two ends of the spring 9 abut against the support ring 8 and the bottom of the countersunk hole 6 on the lower housing 31, respectively. The bottom of the countersunk hole 6 on the lower housing 31 has a through hole 10 that penetrates the bottom of the housing 3. The lower end of the mover 5 passes through the through hole 10 and is slidably connected to the through hole 10.

[0035] The vibration energy recovery device is installed on the harvester, so that one end of the concave screen 2 is directly fixed to the harvester body, the other end of the concave screen 2 is connected to the lower end of the mover 5, and the top of the outer shell 3 is connected to the harvester body. When the harvester is working, the concave screen 2 vibrates under the dual force of the crop and the spring 9, thereby adaptively adjusting the gap between the threshing drum 1 and the concave screen 2.

[0036] In order for the vibration energy recovery device to monitor whether the threshing device is blocked, the vibration energy recovery device also includes a stator 4. The stator 4 is fixed in the cavity and sleeved around the mover 5, so that the mover 5 can slide back and forth relative to the stator 4. When the mover 5 slides back and forth relative to the stator 4, the generator coil 43 on the stator 4 can generate an induced voltage. Then, the strength of the induced voltage generated by the generator coil 43 can be monitored to determine whether the threshing device is blocked.

[0037] In order to generate an induced voltage when the mover 5 slides relative to the stator 4, such as Figure 3 As shown in Figure 4, the mover 5 includes a main shaft 51, permanent magnets 52, and iron cores 53. The upper end of the main shaft 51 is slidably connected to the sliding hole 7, and the lower end of the main shaft 51 passes through the through hole 10 and is slidably connected to the through hole 10. A support ring 8 is fixed to the lower end of the main shaft 51. A spring 9 is sleeved on the main shaft 51 below the support ring 8. Multiple permanent magnets 52 and multiple iron cores 53 are fixedly sleeved on the main shaft 51 above the support ring 8. The permanent magnets 52 and iron cores 53 are alternately stacked. Two adjacent permanent magnets 52 are axially magnetized and have opposite magnetic pole directions. The stator 4 is sleeved around the permanent magnets 52 and iron cores 53. Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, the stator 4 includes a fixed ring 41, a magnetic adjustment ring 42, and a generator coil 43. The two ends of the fixed ring 41 abut against the bottom of the inner cavity of the cavity cover 32 and the lower housing 31, respectively. The inner wall of the fixed ring 41 is provided with multiple annular grooves at equal intervals along the length of the fixed ring 41. The magnetic adjustment ring 42 is embedded in the annular groove. The magnetic adjustment ring 42 is sleeved around the permanent magnet 52 and the iron core 53. The generator coil 43 is wound around the outer wall of the fixed ring 41.

[0038] Based on the structure of the mover 5 and stator 4 described above, when the mover 5 slides relative to the stator 4, the permanent magnet 52 slides with the main shaft 51 and cuts the generator coil 43, thereby causing the generator coil 43 to generate an induced voltage. In this embodiment, the main shaft 51 and the support ring 8 are both made of stainless steel, the permanent magnet 52 is made of neodymium iron boron, and the iron core 53 is made of magnetically conductive material; the fixing ring 41 is made of hard plastic, the adjusting ring 42 is made of magnetically conductive material, and the generator coil 43 is made of enameled wire; the permanent magnets 52 are installed in pairs with a pole pair number of Pm, and the number of adjusting rings 42 installed is Ns, satisfying Ns>Pm. According to the principle of magnetic field modulation, a harmonic magnetic field with a pole pair number of Ns-Pm is generated in the air gap. When the moving speed of the mover 5 is Vm, the speed of the harmonic magnetic field is Pm·Vm / (Ns-Pm). The induced voltage generated by the power generation coil 43 is the superposition of the voltage caused by the fundamental magnetic field and the voltage caused by the harmonic magnetic field, which makes the vibration energy recovery device usable for power generation. Compared with the traditional electromagnetic energy harvester, the magnetic field modulation principle is effectively integrated by the structure of the magnetic ring 42 to transform low-frequency vibration into high-frequency magnetic field, generating a superposition effect of induced voltage and increasing power generation.

[0039] To facilitate the assembly of the mover 5 and stator 4, such as Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown, the outer casing 3 includes a lower casing 31 and a cavity cover 32. The lower casing 31 has a cavity, and the cavity cover 32 is fastened to the top of the lower casing 31. The side wall of the cavity cover 32 and the side wall of the cavity are fixedly connected by locking screws. A countersunk hole 6 is provided at the bottom of the cavity cover 32 and the bottom of the cavity of the lower casing 31. The fixing ring 41 is formed by two symmetrically structured semi-circular bodies 411. When assembling the stator 4 and the mover 5, the magnetic adjustment ring 42 is first clamped by the two semi-circular bodies 411, and then the generator coil 43 is wound to complete the assembly of the stator 4. Then, the stator 4, the mover 5, and the spring 9 are placed inside the lower casing 31. Finally, the cavity cover 32 is fastened and fixed by locking screws, so that the cavity cover 32 presses against the stator 4. In this embodiment, both the cavity cover 32 and the lower casing 31 are made of stainless steel.

[0040] like Figures 2-4 As shown, a first retaining ring 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the cavity cover 32 by means of threaded connection, etc. The lower end of the main shaft 51 passes through the through hole 10 and is fixedly connected to the second retaining ring 12 by means of threaded connection, etc. When installing the vibration energy recovery device, it is connected to the harvester body through the first retaining ring 11 and to the concave plate screen 2 through the second retaining ring 12.

[0041] Based on the structure and working principle of the vibration energy recovery device described above, the following steps are included when using the vibration energy recovery device to detect the threshing process of the harvester:

[0042] When the harvester is working, under the elastic force of the spring 9, the mover 5 slides back and forth relative to the stator 4 as the gap between the threshing drum 1 and the concave screen 2 changes. The induced voltage generated by the generator coil 43 when the mover 5 slides back and forth relative to the stator 4 is monitored.

[0043] The strength of the induced voltage is used to determine whether the threshing device of the harvester is blocked.

[0044] When induced voltage is detected, it can be determined that the threshing device of the harvester is not blocked, and the waveform of the induced voltage is normal. When no induced voltage is detected, it can be determined that the threshing device of the harvester is blocked, and the waveform of the induced voltage is distorted. Ultimately, by monitoring the blockage of the threshing device, the harvester's threshing efficiency can be ensured while reducing the risk of grain breakage.

[0045] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the threshing process of a harvester based on a vibration energy recovery device, characterized in that: The vibration energy recovery device includes a housing (3), a stator (4), and a mover (5). The housing (3) includes a lower housing (31) and a cavity cover (32). The lower housing (31) has a cavity. The stator (4) and the mover (5) are both erected in the cavity. The stator (4) is fixed in the cavity and sleeved around the mover (5). The mover (5) can slide back and forth relative to the stator (4). When the mover (5) slides back and forth relative to the stator (4), the generating coil (43) on the stator (4) can generate an induced voltage. The bottom of the cavity cover (32) and the bottom of the cavity of the lower housing (31) are provided with a way to facilitate the movement of the mover (5). The sliding countersunk hole (6) on the cavity cover (32) has a sliding hole (7) at the top of the countersunk hole (6). The upper end of the mover (5) is slidably connected to the sliding hole (7). The lower end of the mover (5) is provided with a support ring (8). A spring (9) is sleeved on the mover (5) below the support ring (8). The two ends of the spring (9) abut against the bottom of the countersunk hole (6) on the support ring (8) and the lower shell (31) respectively. The top of the countersunk hole (6) on the lower shell (31) has a through hole (10) that penetrates the bottom of the outer shell (3). The lower end of the mover (5) passes through the through hole (10) and is slidably connected to the through hole (10). The harvester threshing process inspection includes the following steps: Install a vibration energy recovery device so that one end of the concave screen (2) is directly fixed to the harvester body, the other end of the concave screen (2) is connected to the lower end of the mover (5), and the top of the outer shell (3) is connected to the harvester body; When the harvester is working, under the elastic force of the spring (9), the mover (5) slides back and forth relative to the stator (4) as the gap between the threshing drum (1) and the concave screen (2) changes. The induced voltage generated by the generator coil (43) when the mover (5) slides back and forth relative to the stator (4) is monitored. The strength of the induced voltage is used to determine whether the threshing device of the harvester is blocked.

2. The method for detecting the threshing process of a harvester based on a vibration energy recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity cover (32) is fastened to the top of the lower housing (31), and the side wall of the cavity cover (32) and the side wall of the cavity are fixedly connected by locking screws.

3. The method for detecting the threshing process of a harvester based on a vibration energy recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mover (5) includes a main shaft (51), a permanent magnet (52), and an iron core (53). The upper end of the main shaft (51) is slidably connected to the sliding hole (7), and the lower end of the main shaft (51) passes through the through hole (10) and is slidably connected to the through hole (10). A support ring (8) is fixed at the lower end of the main shaft (51). A spring (9) is sleeved on the main shaft (51) below the support ring (8). Multiple permanent magnets (52) and multiple iron cores (53) are fixedly sleeved on the main shaft (51) above the support ring (8). The permanent magnets (52) and iron cores (53) are alternately stacked. Two adjacent permanent magnets (52) are axially magnetized and have opposite magnetic pole directions. The stator (4) is sleeved around the permanent magnets (52) and iron cores (53).

4. The method for detecting the threshing process of a harvester based on a vibration energy recovery device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stator (4) includes a fixed ring (41), a magnetic adjustment ring (42), and a generator coil (43). The two ends of the fixed ring (41) abut against the bottom of the inner cavity of the cavity cover (32) and the lower housing (31), respectively. The inner wall of the fixed ring (41) is provided with multiple annular grooves at equal intervals along the length of the fixed ring (41). The magnetic adjustment ring (42) is embedded in the annular groove. The magnetic adjustment ring (42) is sleeved around the permanent magnet (52) and the iron core (53). The generator coil (43) is wound on the outer wall of the fixed ring (41).

5. The method for detecting the threshing process of a harvester based on a vibration energy recovery device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixed ring (41) is formed by two symmetrical semi-circular bodies (411) joining together.

6. The method for detecting the threshing process of a harvester based on a vibration energy recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both the cavity cover (32) and the lower shell (31) are made of stainless steel.

7. The method for detecting the threshing process of a harvester based on a vibration energy recovery device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spindle (51) and support ring (8) are both made of stainless steel, the permanent magnet (52) is made of neodymium iron boron, and the iron core (53) is made of magnetic material.

8. The method for detecting the threshing process of a harvester based on a vibration energy recovery device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing ring (41) is made of hard plastic, the adjusting ring (42) is made of magnetic material, and the generating coil (43) is made of enameled wire.

9. The method for detecting the threshing process of a harvester based on a vibration energy recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the cavity cover (32) is provided with a first buckle (11), and the lower end of the main shaft (51) passes through the through hole (10) and is connected to a second buckle (12). When the vibration energy recovery device is installed, the first buckle (11) is connected to the harvester body, and the second buckle (12) is connected to the concave plate screen (2).

10. The method for detecting the threshing process of a harvester based on a vibration energy recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When an induced voltage is detected, it can be determined that the threshing device of the harvester is not blocked; when no induced voltage is detected, it can be determined that the threshing device of the harvester is blocked.

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