Drilling device and cast-in-situ bored pile construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to a drilling device and a cast-in-situ bored pile construction method.The disclosed drilling device comprises a machine body, a drill rod connected to the machine body and a hole forming component installed at the bottom of the drill rod, and the hole forming component comprises a drill body, a reaming plate, a first driving device and a guide plate; the drill body is provided with a mounting end used for being connected with a drill rod and a tunneling end used for cutting a soil layer to form a drill hole, and a mounting space is formed in the drill body. The chambering plate is movably mounted on the drill body, the chambering plate has a chambering state protruding out of the drill body and an avoiding state contracting into the drill body, and when the chambering plate protrudes out of the drill body, chambering can be conducted on the wall of a drill hole to form a chambering part; the first driving device is used for driving the chambering plate to be switched between a chambering state and an avoiding state; the guide plate is installed at the tunneling end of the drill body, and an included angle is formed between the guide plate and the end face of the tunneling end, so that sediment at the bottom of the drill hole is guided into the reaming part when the drill body rotates, and then the sediment thickness is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of foundation construction, and in particular to a drilling device and a bored pile construction method. Background Art

[0002] In the foundation construction of buildings / structures, in order to ensure the stability of the foundation, it is usually necessary to form a deep hole in the foundation soil layer below the foundation using mechanical drilling equipment on site, place a steel cage in it, and pour concrete to form a bored pile.

[0003] During the drilling process, most of the floating soil in the soil layer will be integrated into the mud, while a small part of the gravel and slag will be deposited at the bottom of the hole to form sediment. In order to ensure the overall bearing capacity of the pile, there are usually certain requirements for the thickness of the sediment. Therefore, the sediment is usually removed by the slurry replacement method or the slurry extraction method to reduce the thickness of the sediment. The sediment can be removed from the hole with a large sediment thickness by grabbing it, but due to the interference of mechanical operation vibration, the grab is easy to collide with the hole wall when entering and exiting the drill hole, damaging the hole wall.

[0004] The aforementioned hole cleaning method has the risk of damaging the hole wall or even collapsing the hole, and there is an urgent need for a rotary drilling bit and bored pile construction method that can solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a drilling device and a bored pile construction method to address the above problems.

[0006] A drilling device for forming a borehole, the drilling device comprising a machine body, a drill rod connected to the machine body, and a hole-forming component installed at the bottom of the drill rod; the hole-forming component comprises a drill body, a hole-expanding plate, a first drive device and a guide plate, the drill body having a mounting end for connecting with the drill rod and a tunneling end for cutting a soil layer to form a borehole, and a mounting space is provided in the drill body; the hole-expanding plate is movably installed on the drill body, the hole-expanding plate has a hole-expanding state protruding from the drill body and a evasive state retracted into the drill body, the hole-expanding plate When the plate protrudes from the drill body, it can expand the hole wall of the drill hole to form an expanded hole portion; the first driving device is installed in the installation space, and the first driving device is used to drive the expanding plate to switch between the expanding state and the avoidance state; the guide plate is installed at the excavation end of the drill body, and the guide plate is set at an angle relative to the end face of the excavation end, and the guide plate is set at an angle relative to the first direction of the drill body, so as to guide the sediment at the bottom of the drill hole to the expanded hole portion when the drill body rotates, thereby reducing the sediment thickness.

[0007] In one embodiment, the expansion plate has a scraping surface for squeezing the soil layer on the wall of the borehole, the scraping surface is inclined relative to the axis of the borehole along a first direction, and the distance between the end of the scraping surface close to the body and the axis of the borehole is smaller than the distance between the end of the scraping surface away from the body and the axis of the borehole, so as to form the expansion portion with an inclined peripheral side wall.

[0008] In one embodiment, the reaming plate includes a mounting portion and a scraping portion, the mounting portion is slidably connected to the drill body, and the mounting portion can slide in a second direction relative to the drill body; the scraping portion is slidably connected to an end of the mounting portion away from the axis of the drill body, and the scraping portion can slide in a first direction relative to the mounting portion; the first driving device includes a horizontal power source that provides an output force in the second direction and a vertical power source that provides a sliding force in the first direction to the scraping portion, the horizontal power source is connected to the mounting portion, and the vertical power source is connected to the scraping portion, so that when the horizontal power source drives the mounting portion to slide in the second direction, the vertical power source drives the scraping portion to slide in the first direction; the second direction is set at an angle to the first direction.

[0009] In one embodiment, the vertical power source includes a first conversion member, and the horizontal power source is connected to the scraper and expander via the first conversion member so as to drive the scraper and expander to slide in the first direction while the horizontal power source drives the mounting portion to slide in the second direction.

[0010] In one embodiment, the first conversion member includes a partition, a force transmission rod, a rotating shaft, a first linkage gear, a second linkage gear and a driving gear, wherein the partition is connected in the installation space; one end of the force transmission rod is installed on the installation portion, and the other end passes through the partition and is connected to the horizontal power source; the rotating shaft is passed through the partition and the installation portion, and can rotate relative to the partition and the installation portion, and the rotating shaft can move relative to the partition along its own axial direction; the first linkage gear is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft located at the installation portion, and the scraping and expanding portion is correspondingly provided with a matching rack, and the matching rack is meshed with the first linkage gear; the second linkage gear The wheel is installed on the partition, and a rotating synchronous part is arranged between the second linkage gear and the rotating shaft, and the rotating synchronous part is used to drive the second linkage gear and the rotating shaft to realize synchronous rotation; the second linkage gear and the rotating shaft cooperate, and the second linkage gear is rotatably connected to the partition; the driving gear is rotatably connected to the partition and is threadedly cooperated with the force transmission rod; the horizontal power source drives the force transmission rod to move in the second direction, drives the driving gear, the first linkage gear and the second linkage gear to rotate relative to the partition, so as to drive the matching rack and the scraping and expanding part to move in the first direction relative to the mounting part.

[0011] In one embodiment, the reaming plate includes a first plate and a second plate installed at intervals around the outer peripheral side of the drill body, the hardness of the end of the first plate used for contacting the wall of the drill hole is higher than the hardness of the end of the second plate used for contacting the wall of the drill hole, and one of the first plate and the second plate is in a reaming state protruding from the drill body.

[0012] In one embodiment, the first driving device also includes a conversion plate, a connecting shaft and a rotating component, the horizontal power source is installed on the conversion plate, the connecting shaft connects the conversion plate and the drill body so that the conversion plate and the drill body can rotate relative to each other; the rotating component drives the conversion plate to rotate relative to the drill body so that the output shaft of the horizontal power source selectively drives one of the first plate and the second plate.

[0013] In one embodiment, the drilling device also includes a second driving device installed in the installation space, the guide plate is movably installed on the drill body, and the guide plate has a cleaning state protruding from the excavation end and a retracted state retracted into the drill body. The second driving device drives the guide plate to switch between the cleaning state and the retracted state.

[0014] A bored pile construction method comprising: S1 drilling, using the drilling device as described above to dig in a predetermined soil layer to form a borehole; S2 hole cleaning, including a hole enlarging step and a sediment cleaning step, in which the first driving device is used to make the enlarging plate protrude from the drill body in a hole enlarging state, and the drill body is rotated to form an enlarging portion on the wall of the drill hole; in the sediment cleaning step, the drill body is rotated to make the guide plate guide the sediment into the enlarging portion (410); S3 lowers the steel cage; S4 pouring concrete.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, after the hole is formed in S1 and before the drill body is rotated, the drill body is lifted so that the bottom of the drill body is spaced apart from the bottom of the drill hole, and the spacing dimension is not less than the height dimension of the portion of the expansion plate extending out of the drill body along the first direction.

[0016] The above-mentioned drilling device and bored pile construction method have at least the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: The first driving device is used to drive the reaming plate to protrude from the drill body and be in the reaming state. At this time, the drill body is rotated to form a reaming portion on the wall of the drill hole. The guide plate that rotates with the drill body guides the sediment in the drill hole to the reaming portion, thereby reducing the sediment thickness at the bottom of the drill hole. At the same time, in the process of forming the drill hole, the reaming plate is in a evasive state of being retracted into the drill body to avoid the reaming plate from participating in the process of forming the drill hole, thereby over-digging the diameter of the drill hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application.

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0019] In addition, the drawings are not drawn to a 1:1 scale, and the relative sizes of various elements are drawn only as examples in the drawings and are not necessarily drawn according to the true scale.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drilling device.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the working structure of the hole-forming component of the drilling device.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the expansion plate of the drilling device.

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at AA in the middle.

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 4 An enlarged view of the structure of the expansion plate.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the movable plate and guide plate of the drilling device.

[0026] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the drilling device performing multiple hole enlarging operations.

[0027] Description of reference numerals: 1. Hole-forming parts; 110, drill body; 1101, installation space; 1101a, upper cavity; 1101b, lower cavity; 1102, installation plate; 120, expansion plate; 1201, mounting portion; 1202, scraping and expansion portion; 1203, scraping and expansion surface; 1204, matching rack; 130, first driving device; 1301, horizontal power source; 1302, vertical power source; 1303, partition; 1304, force transmission rod; 1305, rotating shaft; 1306, first linkage gear; 1307, second linkage gear; 1308, driving gear; 1309, conversion plate; 1310, connecting shaft; 1311, rotating motor; 1312, driving gear; 1313, driven gear; 140, guide plate; 1401, guide cambered surface; 150, second driving device; 1501, guide power source; 1502, movable plate; 1503, partition plate; 1504, guide rod; 2. Body; 3. Circulating grouting pipe; 4. Drilling; 410. Expanding portion; 410a. First expanding section; 410b. Second expanding section; 410c. Third expanding section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0029] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , discloses a drilling device in an embodiment of the present application, which is used for rotary drilling and has the functions of reducing sediment thickness and assisting hole cleaning. The drilling device is used to form a borehole 4 on a preset ground, and the drilling device includes a body 2 erected on the ground, a drill rod connected to the body 2, a circulating grouting pipe 3 for grouting into the borehole 4, and a hole-forming component 1 installed at the bottom of the drill rod.

[0030] Specifically, the hole forming component 11 includes a drill body 110, a hole expansion plate 120, a first drive device 130 and a guide plate 140. The drill body 110 has a mounting end for connecting with a drill rod and a digging end for cutting the soil layer to form a borehole 4. An installation space 1101 is provided in the drill body 110; the hole expansion plate 120 is movably mounted on the drill body 110. The hole expansion plate 120 has a hole expansion state protruding from the drill body 110 and a avoidance state retracted into the drill body 110. When the hole expansion plate 120 protrudes from the drill body 110, it can be used in the drilling process. 4. A hole is expanded on the hole wall to form an expansion portion 410; a first driving device 130 is installed in the installation space 1101, and the first driving device 130 is used to drive the expansion plate 120 to switch between the expansion state and the avoidance state; a guide plate 140 is installed at the excavation end of the drill body 110, and the guide plate 140 is set at an angle relative to the end face of the excavation end, and the guide plate 140 is set at an angle relative to the first direction of the drill body 110, so as to guide the sediment at the bottom of the drill hole 4 to the expansion portion 410 when the drill body 110 rotates, thereby reducing the sediment thickness.

[0031] After forming the borehole 4, for the area where the sediment is located, the first driving device 130 can be used to drive the expansion plate 120 to protrude from the peripheral side wall of the drill body 110 and abut against the wall of the borehole 4. At this time, the drill body 110 is rotated, and the expansion plate 120 will form an expansion portion 410 around the borehole 4, which is used to expand the diameter size of the borehole 4 at a specific position. The formation of sediment is mainly formed by the precipitation of crushed stones and large particles. Most of the impurities formed by the drilling are floating soil that can be carried away by the mud circulation. That is, during the hole forming process, the content of crushed stones and large particles depends on the soil layer structure, which is usually smaller than the volume of the expansion hole. Therefore, the volume of the expansion portion 410 is larger than the volume of the sediment caused by the expansion hole.

[0032] At the same time, the guide plate 140 located at the excavation end of the drill body 110 rotates through the drill body 110, and the sediment at the bottom of the borehole 4 is guided by the guide plate 140 to the reaming portion 410 under the action of centrifugation to fill the reaming portion 410, thereby utilizing the space of the reaming portion 410 to effectively reduce the thickness of the sediment, especially for sediment with larger particles that cannot be cleaned out of the borehole 4 by mud replacement. The above method will reduce the difficulty of cleaning the hole.

[0033] The mounting end is used to assemble the drill rod, and the excavation end is provided with soil cutting teeth to cut the soil layer.

[0034] The installation space 1101 is provided with an installation plate 1102, which divides the installation space 1101 into an upper cavity 1101a and a lower cavity 1101b along a first direction of the drill body 110. The guide plate 140 is installed in the lower cavity 1101b, and one end of the guide plate 140 along the first direction protrudes from the bottom of the drill body 110, and the first direction is the axial direction of the drill body 110.

[0035] The first driving device 130 and the reaming plate 120 are both installed on one side of the mounting plate 1102 facing the upper cavity 1101a. The upper cavity 1101a is provided with an inlet and outlet passage corresponding to the reaming plate 120, so that the reaming plate 120 can move along the second direction under the driving of the first driving device 130, thereby switching between the reaming state and the avoidance state. The second direction is the radial direction of the drill body 110.

[0036] Among them, the characteristic position is the position close to the bottom of the borehole 4.

[0037] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the reaming plate 120 includes a mounting portion 1201 and a scraping and expanding portion 1202. The mounting portion 1201 is slidably connected to the drill body 110, and the mounting portion 1201 can slide relative to the drill body 110 along the second direction; the scraping and expanding portion 1202 is slidably connected to an end of the mounting portion 1201 away from the axis of the drill body 110, and the scraping and expanding portion 1202 can slide relative to the mounting portion 1201 along the first direction. The first driving device 130 includes a horizontal power source 1301 that provides an output force along the second direction and a vertical power source 1302 that provides a sliding force along the first direction to the scraping and expanding portion 1202.

[0038] In one embodiment, the mounting portion 1201 is slidably connected to the mounting plate 1102 along the second direction. The output shaft of the vertical power source 1302 is arranged along the first direction, and the output shaft of the vertical power source 1302 is connected to the scraping and expanding portion 1202 to drive the scraping and expanding portion 1202 to move along the first direction. The output shaft of the horizontal power source 1301 is arranged along the second direction to drive the mounting portion 1201 to move along the second direction.

[0039] Specifically, the horizontal power source 1301 and the vertical power source 1302 can both be cylinders, linear modules or electric cylinder structures installed in the installation space 1101 .

[0040] In order to protect the bottom elevation of the borehole 4 after forming, and also to prevent the excavation end of the drill body 110 from damaging the bottom elevation of the borehole 4 when the reaming portion 410 is formed, the drill body 110 is lifted to a certain height before rotating the drill body 110 to separate the excavation end from the bottom of the hole. At this time, if the reaming plate 120 is driven to protrude from the drill body 110 in the second direction, the scraping and expanding portion 1202 of the reaming plate 120 will be separated from the bottom of the borehole 4, and a step structure with a relatively high bottom of the reaming portion 410 and a relatively low bottom of the borehole 4 will be formed between the reaming portion 410 and the bottom of the hole, thereby blocking the sediment guided by the guide plate 140 and reducing the filling of the reaming portion 410 by the sediment.

[0041] Therefore, in order to minimize the height of the step structure, when the scraping and expanding part 1202 is driven by the driving power source and the mounting part 1201 moves to protrude from the drill body 110, the scraping and expanding part 1202 can be moved toward the bottom of the drill hole 4 along the first direction under the action of the vertical power source 1302, thereby reducing the height difference between the bottom of the hole and the bottom of the expanding part 410, ensuring that the sediment can be smoothly introduced into the expanding part 410.

[0042] In another embodiment, the vertical power source 1302 includes a first conversion component that converts the driving force of the horizontal power source 1301 into a first conversion component that drives the scraping and expanding part 1202 along a first direction. The horizontal power source 1301 is connected to the mounting part 1201, and the first conversion component is connected to the scraping and expanding part 1202 to drive the scraping and expanding part 1202 to slide along the first direction while the horizontal power source 1301 drives the mounting part 1201 to slide along the second direction.

[0043] At the same time, in order to improve the stability of the movement of the horizontal power source 1301, a slide rail module for guiding the output shaft of the horizontal power source 1301 to move along the second direction is provided on one side of the horizontal power source 1301.

[0044] In one embodiment, the first conversion member includes a partition 1303, a force transmission rod 1304, a rotating shaft 1305, a first linkage gear 1306, a second linkage gear 1307, a matching rack 1204, and a driving gear 1308. The partition 1303 is connected to the installation space 1101. One end of the force transmission rod 1304 is installed on the installation portion 1201, and the other end passes through the partition 1303 and is connected to the horizontal power source 1301. The rotating shaft 1305 is passed through the partition 1303 and the mounting portion 1201, and can rotate relative to the partition 1303 and the mounting portion 1201. The rotating shaft 1305 can move relative to the partition 1303 along its own axial direction; the first linkage gear 1306 is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft 1305 located on the mounting portion 1201, and the matching rack 1204 is correspondingly arranged on the scraping and expanding portion 1202, and the matching rack 1204 is meshed with the first linkage gear 1306; the second linkage gear 1307 is rotatably connected to the partition 1303, and the second linkage gear 1307 cooperates with the rotating shaft 1305. A rotating synchronous part is arranged between 1307 and the rotating shaft 1305, and the rotating synchronous part is used to transmit the second linkage gear 1307 and the rotating shaft 1305 to realize synchronous rotation; the driving gear 1308 is rotatably connected to the partition 1303 and is threadedly matched with the force transmission rod 1304; the horizontal power source 1301 drives the force transmission rod 1304 to move along the second direction, drives the driving gear 1308, the first linkage gear 1306 and the second linkage gear 1307 to rotate relative to the partition 1303, so as to drive the matching rack 1204 and the scraping and expanding part 1202 to move along the first direction relative to the mounting part 1201.

[0045] Specifically, the partition 1303 is installed on the mounting plate 1102 and is arranged corresponding to the inlet and outlet passage. The partition 1303, the mounting plate 1102 and the inner wall of the drill body 110 together isolate the upper cavity 1101a and the inlet and outlet passage to reduce the probability of sediment entering the upper cavity 1101a and contaminating the horizontal power source 1301. In one embodiment, the partition 1303 is arranged around the inlet and outlet passage to isolate the outside of the drill body 110 from the upper cavity 1101a.

[0046] The partition 1303 not only supports the rotating shaft 1305 and the force transmission rod 1304, but also separates the upper cavity 1101a from the inlet and outlet channels, thereby reducing the possibility of mud pouring into the upper cavity 1101a and contaminating the first drive device 130, thereby improving the stability of the equipment.

[0047] The mating rack 1204 is fixedly connected to a side of the scraping and expanding portion 1202 facing the mounting portion 1201 , and one side of the mating rack 1204 is provided with mating teeth sequentially arranged at intervals along the first direction to mesh with the first linkage gear 1306 .

[0048] One of the force transmission rod 1304 and the driving gear 1308 is provided with a thread, and the other is provided with a spiral protrusion (external thread) matched with the thread, and the spiral protrusion matches with the thread so that the force transmission rod 1304 drives the driving gear 1308 to rotate while moving. Specifically, the force transmission rod 1304 is installed on the partition 1303 through a sealed bearing.

[0049] A rotation synchronization groove is provided on the peripheral side wall of the rotating shaft 1305, and the rotation synchronization groove is provided along the axial direction of the rotating shaft. The second linkage gear 1307 is installed on the side of the partition 1303 facing the mounting portion 1201, and the second linkage gear 1307 is rotatably connected to the partition 1303 through a bearing. A rotation synchronization key is formed on the side of the second linkage gear 1307 facing the rotating shaft 1305, and the rotation synchronization key extends into the rotation synchronization groove and is clearance-fitted, and the rotation synchronization key can be slidably arranged in the rotation synchronization groove along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1305. Through the cooperation of the rotation synchronization key and the rotation synchronization groove, the synchronous rotation of the second linkage gear 1307 and the rotating shaft 1305 is achieved, and the translation of the rotating shaft 1305 relative to the partition 1303 along the second direction is not restricted. The rotation synchronization key and the rotation synchronization groove form a rotation synchronization member.

[0050] The driving gear 1308 meshes with the second linkage gear 1307 to drive the rotating shaft 1305 to rotate. When the rotating shaft 1305 rotates, it will drive the first linkage gear 1306 to rotate, thereby causing the matching rack 1204 that cooperates with the first linkage gear 1306 to move along the first direction, ultimately achieving the movement of the scraping and expanding part 1202 relative to the mounting part 1201 along the first direction.

[0051] Compared with directly using a cylinder, electric cylinder or linear module to drive the scraper and expander 1202, using a linkage method to drive the scraper and expander 1202 can not only reduce the risk of the driving structure being corroded by mud and failing, but also reduce the setting of electrical and gas lines, effectively reducing the cost of the device.

[0052] Furthermore, a stabilizing plate is provided on the top of the mounting portion 1201 , one end of the stabilizing plate is fixedly connected to the mounting portion 1201 , and the other end of the stabilizing plate is passed through the partition plate 1303 and slidably connected to the partition plate 1303 .

[0053] The stabilizing plate can support the top of the mounting portion 1201 when the reaming plate 120 protrudes from the drill body 110 , and at the same time support the upper side wall of the reaming portion 410 , thereby improving the stability of the mounting portion 1201 and reducing the probability of collapse of the reaming portion 410 .

[0054] See also Figure 2 , Figure 4 In one embodiment, the expansion plate 120 includes a first plate and a second plate installed at intervals around the outer peripheral side of the drill body 110. The hardness of the end of the first plate used for contacting the wall of the drill hole 4 is higher than the hardness of the end of the second plate used for contacting the wall of the drill hole 4. One of the first plate and the second plate is in a state of expansion protruding from the drill body 110. The first plate and the second plate are arranged adjacent to each other and have the same structure. If the internal space of the drill body 110 is sufficient and the layout is reasonable, a third plate, a fourth plate, etc. can also be arranged, so there is no limit on the number of expansion plates 120.

[0055] The first plate and the second plate with different hardness can select a suitable hardness expansion method according to different geological conditions at the bottom of the borehole 4. For example, if the particle content in the third and fourth types of soil is high, the first plate with higher hardness can be selected, and if the particle content in the second type of soil is low, the second plate with lower hardness can be selected, so as to reduce the probability of a single hardness expansion plate 120 being worn out for a long time and then failing.

[0056] See also Figure 2 and Figure 4 Furthermore, the first driving device 130 also includes a conversion plate 1309, a connecting shaft 1310 and a rotating component. The horizontal power source 1301 is installed on the conversion plate 1309. The connecting shaft 1310 connects the conversion plate 1309 and the drill body 110, so that the conversion plate 1309 can rotate relative to the drill body 110; the rotating component drives the conversion plate 1309 to rotate, so that the output shaft of the horizontal power source 1301 selectively drives one of the first plate and the second plate.

[0057] This application takes the indirect driving of the connecting shaft 1310 to rotate as an example. The rotating component is installed on the mounting plate 1102. The rotating component includes a rotating motor 1311, a driving gear 1312 installed on the output shaft of the rotating motor 1311, and a driven gear 1313 fixed on the rotating shaft 1305. The driving gear 1312 and the driven gear 1313 are meshed.

[0058] The axis of the connecting shaft 1310 is parallel to the first direction, and the connecting shaft 1310 is rotatably connected to the side of the mounting plate 1102 facing the upper cavity 1101a and is located on the side of the rotating motor 1311 and is located in the middle of the mounting plate 1102. The conversion plate 1309 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 1305, so that when the rotating motor 1311 drives the driving gear 1312 to rotate, the driven gear 1313 and the driving gear 1312 are engaged to drive the conversion plate 1309 and the horizontal power source 1301 on the conversion plate 1309 to rotate, so that the horizontal power source 1301 can select one of the first plate and the second plate to drive.

[0059] See also Figure 3 and Figure 5 In one embodiment, the reaming plate 120 has a scraping and expanding surface 1203 facing the wall of the drill hole 4. Along the first direction, the end of the scraping and expanding surface 1203 away from the axis of the drill body 110 is inclined, and the distance between the end of the scraping and expanding surface 1203 away from the axis of the drill body 110 and the axis of the drill body 110 gradually increases.

[0060] Specifically, the outer side of the scraping and expanding portion 1202 of the reaming plate 120 is arc-shaped, and along the first direction, the thickness of the scraping and expanding portion 1202 gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0061] The scraping and expanding surface 1203 which is inclined from top to bottom away from the axis will form an expanding hole portion 410 which is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom during the expanding process. Therefore, compared with the expanding hole portion 410 which forms a negative angle, the inclined hole wall of the expanding hole portion 410 has the function of distributing the load, thereby improving the stability of the expanding hole portion 410.

[0062] Further, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The scraping and expanding portion 1202 has a gradually decreasing cross-sectional thickness along the rotation direction T of the drill body 110, that is, the scraping and expanding surface 1203 is gradually convexly arranged in the counterclockwise direction. The scraping and expanding portion 1202 with a larger cross-sectional area will facilitate the application of a load to the soil layer of the hole wall, so as to squeeze the mud wall and the hole wall soil layer formed on the hole wall, thereby reducing the probability of hole collapse.

[0063] See also Figure 3 and Figure 6 In one embodiment, multiple guide plates 140 are arranged around the axis of the drill body 110; and / or, one end of the guide plate 140 is located in the middle of the excavation end of the drill body 110, and the other end of the guide plate 140 is close to the outer peripheral side of the excavation end of the drill body 110.

[0064] Specifically, two or more guide plates 140 are provided, and the plurality of guide plates 140 are sequentially spaced around the axis of the excavation end of the drill body 110. A guide slope is provided on the side wall of one end of the guide plate 140 away from the installation space 1101, and the guide slope is generally arc-shaped and is provided on the front side of the direction in which the drill body 110 rotates.

[0065] During the rotation of the drill body 110, the sediment located in front of the guide plate 140 in the rotation direction T is subjected to the force in the inclined direction by the arc-shaped guide slope, thereby forming a centrifugal effect on the sediment. The inclined guide plate 140 can form an inclined downward force on the sediment near the excavation end, thereby accelerating the guidance of the sediment.

[0066] The drilling device 4 also includes a second driving device 150 installed in the installation space 1101, and the guide plate 140 is movably installed on the drill body 110. The guide plate 140 has a cleaning state protruding from the excavation end and a retracted state retracted into the drill body 110. The second driving device 150 drives the guide plate 140 to switch between the cleaning state and the retracted state.

[0067] In one embodiment, the second driving device 150 includes a movable plate 1502 movably mounted on the lower cavity 1101b and a guide power source 1501 fixed on the mounting plate 1102. The output shaft of the guide power source 1501 can be connected to the movable plate 1502 directly or indirectly.

[0068] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the embodiment of the present application, the guide power source 1501 is indirectly connected to the movable plate 1502 as an example. A spacer plate 1503 is installed on the output shaft of the guide power source 1501, and a plurality of guide rods 1504 are arranged between the spacer plate 1503 and the movable plate 1502 for power transmission.

[0069] Specifically, there are multiple guide power sources 1501, and the output shafts of the multiple guide power sources 1501 are connected to the partition plate 1503. The guide power source 1501 is installed on the side of the mounting plate 1102 facing the upper cavity 1101a to reduce the probability of mud pollution and erosion of the guide power source 1501 and improve the service life of the device.

[0070] When the output rod of the guide power source 1501 is retracted, the guide plate 140 protrudes from the excavation end of the drill body 110; when the output rod of the guide power source 1501 is driven out, the guide plate 140 is retracted into the lower cavity 1101b and the bottom end of the guide plate 140 is higher than the excavation end, thereby realizing the switching of the guide plate 140 between the retracted state and the cleaning state, ensuring that the guide plate 140 does not participate in the cutting and excavation of the soil layer in the retracted state, thereby reducing the wear of the guide plate 140 and facilitating the control of the bottom elevation of the borehole 4. At the same time, in order to improve the sealing performance between the guide rod 1504 and the mounting plate 1102, a sealed bearing can be installed between the guide rod 1504 and the mounting plate 1102.

[0071] The present application also discloses a bored cast-in-place pile construction method, which includes: S1 forming a hole, using the above-mentioned drilling device to dig in the soil layer along a predetermined direction to form a borehole 4; S2 hole cleaning includes a hole enlarging step and a sediment cleaning step. In the hole enlarging step, the first driving device 130 is used to make the hole enlarging plate 120 protrude from the drill body 110 in a hole enlarging state, and the drill body 110 is rotated to form a hole enlarging portion 410 on the wall of the drill hole 4, and then the hole enlarging plate 120 is retracted until the drill body 110 is in a avoidance state; in the sediment cleaning step, the drill body 110 is continuously rotated so that the guide plate 140 guides the sediment into the hole enlarging portion 410; S3 lowers the steel cage, which is pre-made and then lowered along the axial direction of the borehole 4 to a predetermined position; S4 pours concrete by injecting concrete slurry from bottom to top through a grouting tube and slowly lifting the grouting tube until the concrete slurry is poured to a predetermined height.

[0072] Furthermore, after S1 is drilled, the drill body 110 is rotated to lift it in advance, so that the bottom of the drill body 110 is spaced apart from the bottom of the borehole 4, and the spacing dimension is not less than the height dimension of the portion of the expansion plate 120 extending out of the drill body 110 along the first direction, so as to avoid the rotation of the drill body 110 damaging the elevation of the bottom of the borehole 4 and causing over-excavation.

[0073] Further, in the reaming step, in the pre-reaming step, the reaming plate 120 is driven by the first driving device 130 to move the reaming plate 120 for multiple reaming operations, and the first reaming section 410a, the second reaming section 410b and the third reaming section 410c distributed along the first direction of the reaming part 410 are overlapped at both ends of the first reaming section 410a and the second reaming section 410b, and the second reaming section 410b and the third reaming section are overlapped. The scraping and reaming part 1202 has a thickness dimension a and a height dimension h.

[0074] Specifically, see Figure 7In step 7a, the first reaming operation forms the first reaming section 410a, and the reaming plate 120 is driven by the first driving device 130 to abut against the wall of the borehole 4 and cut into the mud wall of the borehole wall, and the thickness of the cut is not less than a. Then the drill body 110 is rotated, and the reaming plate 120 will squeeze the corresponding mud wall part in this operation to strengthen the corresponding mud wall layer to form an upper reaming part. At this time, the upper reaming part 410 forms a step structure with a height of a' with the bottom of the hole.

[0075] See also Figure 7 In Figure 7b, the second reaming operation forms a second reaming section 410b. On the basis of the first extrusion and expansion operation, the reaming plate 120 is driven by the first driving device 130 to move away from the axis of the drill body 110 in the second direction, and the scraping and expanding portion 1202 is driven to move downward. The scraping and expanding portion 1202 cuts into the upper reaming portion and the cutting thickness is not greater than a. In the second reaming operation, the scraping and expanding portion 1202 covers 1 / 4h~1 / 3h of the height of the upper reaming portion 410 along the first direction. The drill body 110 is rotated to form a middle reaming portion 410. At this time, the upper reaming portion and the bottom of the hole form a step structure with a height of a''.

[0076] See also Figure 7 In 7b, the third reaming operation forms the third reaming section 410c. On the basis of the second extrusion operation, the first driving device 130 drives the reaming plate 120 to move away from the axis of the drill body 110 in the second direction, drives the reaming part 410 to move downward, and the extrusion plate cuts into the middle reaming part with a cutting thickness not greater than a. In the third reaming operation, the scraping and expanding part 1202 covers 1 / 4h~1 / 3h of the height of the middle reaming part in the first direction, and rotates the drill body 110 to form the lower reaming part. At this time, the upper reaming part and the bottom of the hole form a step structure with a height of a'''. Of course, in order to prevent over-digging, a''' is set between 10mm-20mm.

[0077] During the first hole expansion operation, the second hole expansion operation and the third hole expansion operation, the adjacent hole expansion sections will repeatedly squeeze and expand the soil layer in the adjacent 1 / 4h~1 / 3h part, thereby increasing the strength of the soil layer at the junction of the two hole expansion sections formed by the two adjacent squeezing and expansion operations, and reducing the probability of hole collapse after the hole expansion portion 410 is formed.

[0078] Since the force on the soil layer on the side wall of the borehole 4 gradually increases from top to bottom, the soil layer on the bottom side of the borehole 4 is subjected to the load of the upper soil layer. In order to ensure the stability of the expanded hole 410, multiple expanded hole operations are used to sequentially and gradually form the expanded hole 410. During the subsequent expanded hole operations, the mud will also form a mud protective wall on the wall formed by the previous expanded hole operation, thereby reducing the possibility of hole collapse caused by expanded hole.

[0079] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0080] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0081] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like appear, these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0082] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if there is a description that a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, etc., or similar descriptions appear, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0083] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0084] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0085] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A drilling device for forming a borehole (4), the drilling device comprising a body (2), a drill rod connected to the body (2), and a hole forming component (1) mounted on the bottom of the drill rod, characterized in that: The hole forming component (1) comprises: A drill body (110), the drill body (110) having a mounting end for connecting to a drill rod and a drilling end for cutting soil layers to form a borehole (4), and a mounting space (1101) is provided in the drill body (110); a hole-expanding plate (120), the hole-expanding plate (120) being movably mounted on the drill body (110), the hole-expanding plate (120) having a hole-expanding state protruding from the drill body (110) and a hole-avoiding state retracting into the drill body (110), and when the hole-expanding plate (120) protrudes from the drill body (110), it can expand the hole wall of the drill hole (4) to form a hole-expanding portion (410); A first driving device (130), the first driving device (130) being installed in the installation space (1101), the first driving device (130) being used to drive the hole expanding plate (120) to switch between the hole expanding state and the avoidance state; and A guide plate (140) is installed at the excavation end of the drill body (110), the guide plate (140) is arranged at an angle relative to the end face of the excavation end, and the guide plate (140) is arranged at an angle relative to the first direction of the drill body (110) so as to guide the sediment at the bottom of the borehole (4) into the reaming portion (410) when the drill body (110) rotates, thereby reducing the sediment thickness.

2. The drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion plate (120) has a scraping expansion surface (1203) for squeezing the soil layer on the wall of the borehole (4); the scraping expansion surface (1203) is inclined relative to the axis of the borehole (4) along a first direction; the distance between the end of the scraping expansion surface (1203) close to the machine body (2) and the axis of the borehole (4) is smaller than the distance between the end of the scraping expansion surface (1203) far from the machine body (2) and the axis of the borehole (4), so as to form the expansion portion (410) with an inclined peripheral side wall.

3. The drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaming plate (120) comprises a mounting portion (1201) and a scraping and expanding portion (1202); the mounting portion (1201) is slidably connected to the drill body (110), and the mounting portion (1201) can slide relative to the drill body (110) along a second direction; the scraping and expanding portion (1202) is slidably connected to an end of the mounting portion (1201) away from an axis of the drill body (110), and the scraping and expanding portion (1202) can slide relative to the mounting portion (1201) along a first direction; The first driving device (130) comprises a horizontal power source (1301) for providing an output force along a second direction and a vertical power source (1302) for providing a sliding force along a first direction to the scraping and expanding part (1202); the horizontal power source (1301) is connected to the mounting part (1201), and the vertical power source (1302) is connected to the scraping and expanding part (1202), so that when the horizontal power source (1301) drives the mounting part (1201) to slide along the second direction, the vertical power source (1302) drives the scraping and expanding part (1202) to slide along the first direction; the second direction is arranged at an angle to the first direction.

4. The drilling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vertical power source (1302) includes a first conversion member, and the horizontal power source (1301) is connected to the scraping and expanding portion (1202) via the first conversion member, so that the horizontal power source (1301) drives the mounting portion (1201) to slide in the second direction while driving the scraping and expanding portion (1202) to slide in the first direction.

5. The drilling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first conversion member comprises: A partition (1303), wherein the partition (1303) is connected to the installation space (1101); A force transmission rod (1304), one end of which is mounted on the mounting portion (1201), and the other end of which passes through the partition plate (1303) and is connected to the horizontal power source (1301); A rotating shaft (1305) is provided on the partition (1303) and the mounting portion (1201) and is capable of rotating relative to the partition (1303) and the mounting portion (1201); the rotating shaft (1305) is movable relative to the partition (1303) along its own axial direction; A first linkage gear (1306) is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft (1305) located at the mounting portion (1201); the scraping and expanding portion (1202) is correspondingly provided with a matching rack (1204), and the matching rack (1204) is meshed with the first linkage gear (1306); a second linkage gear (1307) rotatably connected to the partition (1303); the second linkage gear (1307) cooperates with the rotating shaft (1305); a rotational synchronization member is provided between the second linkage gear (1307) and the rotating shaft (1305); the rotational synchronization member is used to drive the second linkage gear (1307) and the rotating shaft (1305) to achieve synchronous rotation; and, A driving gear (1308) is rotatably connected to the partition plate (1303) and threadedly engaged with the force transmission rod (1304); The horizontal power source (1301) drives the force transmission rod (1304) to move along the second direction, drives the driving gear (1308), the first linkage gear (1306) and the second linkage gear (1307) to rotate relative to the partition (1303), so as to drive the matching rack (1204) and the scraping and expanding part (1202) to move along the first direction relative to the mounting part (1201).

6. The drilling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hole expansion plate (120) comprises a first plate and a second plate installed at intervals around the outer peripheral side of the drill body (110), the hardness of one end of the first plate used for contacting the wall of the drill hole (4) being higher than the hardness of one end of the second plate used for contacting the wall of the drill hole (4), and one of the first plate and the second plate is in a hole expansion state protruding from the drill body (110).

7. The drilling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first driving device (130) further comprises a conversion plate (1309), a connecting shaft (1310) and a rotating component. The horizontal power source (1301) is mounted on the conversion plate (1309). The connecting shaft (1310) connects the conversion plate (1309) and the drill body (110) so that the conversion plate (1309) and the drill body (110) can rotate relative to each other. The rotating component drives the conversion plate (1309) to rotate relative to the drill body (110) so that the output shaft of the horizontal power source (1301) selectively drives one of the first plate and the second plate.

8. The drilling device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The drilling device also includes a second driving device (150) installed in the installation space (1101); the guide plate (140) is movably installed on the drill body (110); the guide plate (140) has a cleaning state protruding from the excavation end and a retracted state retracted into the drill body (110); the second driving device (150) drives the guide plate (140) to switch between the cleaning state and the retracted state.

9. A bored pile construction method, characterized in that: include: S1 drilling, using the drilling device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 to dig in a predetermined soil layer to form a borehole (4); S2 hole cleaning, including a hole enlarging step and a sediment cleaning step, in which the first driving device (130) is used to make the enlarging plate (120) protrude from the drill body (110) to be in a hole enlarging state, and the drill body (110) is rotated to form an enlarging portion (410) on the wall of the drill hole (4); in the sediment cleaning step, the drill body (110) is rotated to make the guide plate (140) guide the sediment into the enlarging portion (410); S3 lowers the steel cage; S4 pouring concrete.

10. The bored pile construction method according to claim 9, characterized in that: After the hole is formed in S1 and before the drill body (110) is rotated, the drill body (110) is lifted so that the bottom of the drill body (110) is spaced apart from the bottom of the drill hole (4), and the spacing dimension is not less than the height dimension of the portion of the expansion plate (120) extending out of the drill body (110) along the first direction.

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