Steering column structure, steering column assembly and commercial vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a steering column structure, a steering column assembly and a commercial vehicle, and relates to the technical field of vehicle structures.The steering column structure comprises a steering column support, a steering column body and a steering column fixing piece, and the steering column support is provided with a guide sliding groove; the steering column body is provided with a mounting hole matched with the guide sliding groove. The steering column fixing piece is provided with a fixing shaft, and the steering column fixing piece is used for enabling the fixing shaft to penetrate through the guide sliding groove and the mounting hole to fix the steering column body and the steering column support; when a vehicle is collided in the forward direction, the steering column body and the steering wheel push the fixing shaft to move forwards and then move downwards along the guide sliding groove. When the vehicle is collided in the forward direction, the steering wheel can be far away from a driver of the commercial vehicle as far as possible, and the safety space is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle structures, and in particular to a steering column structure, a steering column assembly and a commercial vehicle. Background Art

[0002] When a vehicle is in a serious frontal collision, the hard steering column may cause secondary damage to the driver's body. For this reason, the steering column needs to adopt a collapsible design. The purpose of the collapsible steering column design is to avoid the steering wheel, steering column and other parts from causing serious damage to the driver as much as possible when the car is in a severe collision. Its working principle is that when a serious collision occurs, the collapsible steering column automatically collapses and deforms, increasing the distance between the steering wheel, steering column and the driver or disengaging the steering mechanism to increase the driver's living space and disperse some of the impact force transmitted from the steering column to the human body due to the collision.

[0003] With the continuous development of automobile safety technology, the design of the steering column collision collapse structure is also constantly improving and perfecting to better protect the safety of the driver. Among them, the collapsible steering column of the car adopts a telescopic structure. The steering wheel and steering column of the car are facing the driver. When a collision occurs, the telescopic collapse structure of the steering column on the car will keep the steering wheel away from the human body, thereby protecting the human body. This design can meet the collision protection needs of cars, but this structure is difficult to apply to commercial vehicles. Since the layout position of the steering gear in commercial vehicles is different from that of cars, the horizontal inclination angle of the steering column in commercial vehicles is different, which leads to different angles of the steering wheel relative to the human body. The shortening of the steering column can only lower the position of the steering wheel, but cannot keep it away from the human body, and the role of protecting the driver is limited. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention provide a steering column structure, a steering column assembly and a commercial vehicle to solve the technical problem in the related art that the existing steering column adopts a telescopic collapse structure and is difficult to protect the driver of the commercial vehicle from collision.

[0005] In a first aspect, a steering column structure is provided, the steering column structure comprising:

[0006] A steering column bracket, which is provided with a guide slide groove;

[0007] A steering column body, which is provided with a mounting hole that matches the guide slide groove;

[0008] A steering column fixing member, which is provided with a fixing shaft, and the steering column fixing member is used to fix the steering column body and the steering column bracket by passing the fixing shaft through the guide slot and the mounting hole;

[0009] When the vehicle has a head-on collision, the steering column body together with the steering wheel pushes the fixed shaft to move forward along the guide slot and then move downward.

[0010] In some embodiments, the guide slide groove includes an arc-shaped portion along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and a concave portion provided at the front end of the arc-shaped portion;

[0011] When the vehicle encounters a head-on collision, the steering column body together with the steering wheel pushes the fixed shaft to move forward along the arc-shaped portion, and then moves downward from the front end of the arc-shaped portion along the lower recessed portion.

[0012] In some embodiments, the arc-shaped portion is provided with a protrusion at the rear side of the recessed portion.

[0013] In some embodiments, the height C of the protrusion satisfies 0.3B≤C≤0.4B, where B is the width of the guide groove.

[0014] In some embodiments, the width of the guide groove is equal to the diameter of the fixed shaft.

[0015] In some embodiments, the bending gap D at the root of the raised side satisfies D≥3t and D≥B; wherein t is the material thickness of the guide groove.

[0016] In some embodiments, the steering column bracket includes two steering column mounting plates arranged in a transverse direction of the vehicle, and the guide grooves are symmetrically arranged on each of the steering column mounting plates.

[0017] In some embodiments, the steering column fixing member further comprises a handle movably connected to the fixing shaft, a nut is provided at one end of the handle close to the fixing shaft, and the nut is threadedly connected to the fixing shaft.

[0018] In a second aspect, a steering column assembly is provided, comprising the aforementioned steering column structure.

[0019] In a third aspect, a commercial vehicle is provided, comprising the aforementioned steering column assembly.

[0020] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the present invention include:

[0021] An embodiment of the present invention provides a steering column structure, a steering column assembly and a commercial vehicle. The steering column structure includes a steering column bracket, a steering column body and a steering column fixing piece. A guide slot is provided on the steering column bracket. A fixed shaft of the steering column fixing piece passes through the guide slot to fix the steering column body and the steering column bracket. When a frontal collision occurs to the vehicle, the steering column body together with the steering wheel pushes the fixed shaft to move forward and then downward along the guide slot, so that the steering wheel is as far away from the driver of the commercial vehicle as possible, thereby increasing the safety space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a steering column structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a steering column fixing member provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a movement of a steering column structure after a collision provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a guide chute provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 The embodiment of the present invention provides Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the dotted box in the middle;

[0028] Figure 6 Another schematic diagram of a guide chute provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Reference numerals:

[0030] 1. Steering column bracket; 11. Steering column mounting plate; 111. Guide slide groove; 1111. Arc portion; 1112. Concave portion; 1113. Protrusion;

[0031] 2. Steering column body; 21. Mounting hole;

[0032] 3. Steering column fixing; 31. Fixed shaft; 32. Handle; 321. Nut;

[0033] 4. Steering wheel;

[0034] 5. Body sheet metal;

[0035] 6. Front panel connecting bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The embodiment of the present invention provides a steering column structure, which can solve the technical problem that the existing steering column structure adopts a telescopic collapse structure and is difficult to provide collision protection for the driver of a commercial vehicle.

[0038] See also Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a steering column structure, which includes: a steering column bracket 1, a steering column body 2 and a steering column fixing member 3.

[0039] See also Figure 1 As shown, the steering column bracket 1 is provided with a guide slot 111. Specifically, the steering column bracket 1 comprises two steering column mounting plates 11 arranged in the transverse direction of the vehicle, and each steering column mounting plate 11 is symmetrically provided with the guide slot 111.

[0040] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the steering column body 2 is provided with a mounting hole 21 that matches the guide slot 111. The steering column fixing member 3 is provided with a fixing shaft 31, and the steering column fixing member 3 is used to fix the steering column body 2 and the steering column bracket 1 by passing the fixing shaft 31 through the guide slot 111 and the mounting hole 21.

[0041] When the vehicle encounters a head-on collision, the steering column body 2 together with the steering wheel 4 pushes the fixed shaft 31 to move forward along the guide slot 111 and then move downward.

[0042] Specifically, see Figure 3As shown, the steering wheel 4 is in position A1 when in normal use. When the vehicle has a head-on collision, the steering column body 2 together with the steering wheel 4 pushes the fixed shaft 31 to move forward along the guide slot 111, from position A1 through position A2 to position A3, and then moves downward from position A3 to position A4. The steering wheel 4 at position A3 is farther away from the human body from the front and back relative to position A2, increasing the front and rear safety space. On this basis, the height of the steering wheel 4 at position A4 is lowered relative to position A3, allowing the steering wheel 4 to be further away from the human chest, further increasing the safety space. Since the driver's body leans forward during a collision and the collision impact is transmitted along the front and rear direction, the design amount of the front and rear survival space is prioritized. On this basis, the survival space in the up and down directions is further optimized, and the design path is position A1-position A2-position A3-position A4.

[0043] The steering column structure in the embodiment of the present invention comprises a steering column bracket, a steering column body and a steering column fixing piece, wherein a guide slot is provided on the steering column bracket, and a fixed shaft of the steering column fixing piece passes through the guide slot to fix the steering column body and the steering column bracket. When a frontal collision occurs to the vehicle, the steering column body together with the steering wheel pushes the fixed shaft to move forward along the guide slot and then move downward, so that the steering wheel is as far away from the driver of the commercial vehicle as possible, thereby increasing the safety space.

[0044] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the guide slot 111 includes an arc-shaped portion 1111 along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and a recessed portion 1112 provided at the front end of the arc-shaped portion.

[0045] When the vehicle encounters a head-on collision, the steering column body 2 together with the steering wheel 4 pushes the fixed shaft 31 to move forward along the arc portion 1111 , and then moves downward from the front end of the arc portion 1111 along the recessed portion 1112 .

[0046] Specifically, see Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the steering wheel 4 is in position A1 when in normal use, and the corresponding fixed shaft 31 is in position B1. When the vehicle has a head-on collision, the collision impact force is transmitted from the front of the vehicle to the body sheet metal 5, the front wall connecting bracket 6, and the steering column bracket 1 in sequence, and the steering wheel 4 moves to position A2, and the fixed shaft 31 is in position B2. Then the fixed shaft 31 moves to position B3, and the steering wheel 4 moves to position A3 synchronously. Then, under the action of its own weight and reaction force, the fixed shaft 31 retreats and moves downward along the lower concave portion 1112 to position B4, and the steering wheel 4 moves to position A4 synchronously. The steering wheel 4 at position A3 is farther away from the human body from the front and back relative to position A2, which increases the front and rear safety space. On this basis, the height of the steering wheel 4 at position A4 is lowered relative to position A3, so that the steering wheel 4 is further away from the human chest, further increasing the safety space. Since the driver's body leans forward during a collision and the collision impact is transmitted in the front-to-back direction, the front-to-back survival space design is prioritized, and on this basis, the survival space in the upper and lower directions is further optimized, and the design path is position A1-position A2-position A3-position A4. The above structure is simple, has low manufacturing cost, and has strong applicability and feasibility.

[0047] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, see Figure 4 As shown, the arc portion is provided with a protrusion 1113 at the rear side of the lower recess 1112. The protrusion 1113 is equivalent to setting a critical value of the collision impact force. When a head-on collision occurs, if the collision impact force is not large and is less than the critical value of the collision impact force, the protection mechanism of the fixed shaft 31 moving forward and then downward along the guide slot 111 may not be triggered. When the collision impact force is too large and exceeds the critical value of the collision impact force, the protection mechanism of the fixed shaft 31 moving forward and then downward along the guide slot 111 is triggered again to avoid the above protection method from being triggered by mistake.

[0048] When the vehicle collides head-on, the impact force is transmitted from the front of the vehicle to the body sheet metal 5, the front enclosure connecting bracket 6, and the steering column bracket 1 in sequence. The steering wheel 4 moves to position A2, and the fixed shaft 31 is at position B2. At this time, the fixed shaft 31 contacts the protrusion 1113. When the impact force exceeds the critical value, the fixed shaft 31 breaks through the protrusion 1113 and moves to position B3. The steering wheel moves synchronously to position A3. Then, under the action of its own weight and reaction force, the fixed shaft 31 retreats and moves downward along the lower recess 1112 to position B4, and the steering wheel 4 moves synchronously to position A4.

[0049] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, see Figure 6As shown, the height C of the protrusion 1113 satisfies 0.3B≤C≤0.4B, where B is the width of the guide slot 111. The height of the protrusion 1113 should not be too high. When the height C of the protrusion 1113 satisfies 0.3B≤C≤0.4B, when a head-on collision occurs and the collision impact force exceeds a critical value, the fixed shaft 31 can smoothly break through the protrusion 1113.

[0050] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, see Figure 6 As shown, the width of the guide slot 111 is equal to the diameter of the fixed shaft 31 , and this arrangement can avoid loosening and abnormal noise between the guide slot 111 and the fixed shaft 31 as much as possible.

[0051] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, see Figure 6 As shown, the bending gap D at the side root of the protrusion 1113 satisfies D≥3t and D≥B, where t is the material thickness of the guide slot 111. This configuration is to enable the protrusion 1113 to be bent and deformed smoothly, so that the fixed shaft 31 can smoothly break through the protrusion 1113 after the collision impact force exceeds the critical value.

[0052] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, see Figure 2 As shown, the steering column fixing member 3 also includes a handle 32 movably connected to the fixed shaft 31, and a nut 321 is provided at one end of the handle 32 close to the fixed shaft 31. The nut 321 is threadedly connected to the fixed shaft 31, and the fixed position of the steering column body 2 and the steering column bracket 1 can be adjusted as needed by rotating the nut 321 of the handle 32.

[0053] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a steering column assembly, including the above-mentioned steering column structure. Figure 1 As shown, the steering column structure includes: a steering column bracket 1, a steering column body 2 and a steering column fixing member 3.

[0054] See also Figure 1 As shown, the steering column bracket 1 is provided with a guide slot 111. Specifically, the steering column bracket 1 comprises two steering column mounting plates 11 arranged in the transverse direction of the vehicle, and each steering column mounting plate 11 is symmetrically provided with the guide slot 111.

[0055] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the steering column body 2 is provided with a mounting hole 21 that matches the guide slot 111. The steering column fixing member 3 is provided with a fixing shaft 31, and the steering column fixing member 3 is used to fix the steering column body 2 and the steering column bracket 1 by passing the fixing shaft 31 through the guide slot 111 and the mounting hole 21.

[0056] When the vehicle encounters a head-on collision, the steering column body 2 together with the steering wheel 4 pushes the fixed shaft 31 to move forward along the guide slot 111 and then move downward.

[0057] Specifically, see Figure 3 As shown, the steering wheel 4 is in position A1 when in normal use. When the vehicle has a head-on collision, the steering column body 2 together with the steering wheel 4 pushes the fixed shaft 31 to move forward along the guide slot 111, from position A1 through position A2 to position A3, and then moves downward from position A3 to position A4. The steering wheel 4 at position A3 is farther away from the human body from the front and back relative to position A2, increasing the front and rear safety space. On this basis, the height of the steering wheel 4 at position A4 is lowered relative to position A3, allowing the steering wheel 4 to be further away from the human chest, further increasing the safety space. Since the driver's body leans forward during a collision and the collision impact is transmitted along the front and rear direction, the design amount of the front and rear survival space is prioritized. On this basis, the survival space in the up and down directions is further optimized, and the design path is position A1-position A2-position A3-position A4.

[0058] The steering column assembly in the embodiment of the present invention has a steering column structure including a steering column bracket, a steering column body and a steering column fixing member, wherein a guide slot is provided on the steering column bracket, and a fixed shaft of the steering column fixing member passes through the guide slot to fix the steering column body and the steering column bracket. When a frontal collision occurs to the vehicle, the steering column body together with the steering wheel pushes the fixed shaft to move forward and then downward along the guide slot, so that the steering wheel is as far away from the driver of the commercial vehicle as possible, thereby increasing the safety space.

[0059] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the guide slot 111 includes an arc-shaped portion 1111 along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and a recessed portion 1112 provided at the front end of the arc-shaped portion.

[0060] When the vehicle encounters a head-on collision, the steering column body 2 together with the steering wheel 4 pushes the fixed shaft 31 to move forward along the arc portion 1111 , and then moves downward from the front end of the arc portion 1111 along the recessed portion 1112 .

[0061] Specifically, see Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the steering wheel 4 is in position A1 when in normal use, and the corresponding fixed shaft 31 is in position B1. When the vehicle has a head-on collision, the collision impact force is transmitted from the front of the vehicle to the body sheet metal 5, the front wall connecting bracket 6, and the steering column bracket 1 in sequence, and the steering wheel 4 moves to position A2, and the fixed shaft 31 is in position B2. Then the fixed shaft 31 moves to position B3, and the steering wheel 4 moves to position A3 synchronously. Then, under the action of its own weight and reaction force, the fixed shaft 31 retreats and moves downward along the lower concave portion 1112 to position B4, and the steering wheel 4 moves to position A4 synchronously. The steering wheel 4 at position A3 is farther away from the human body from the front and back relative to position A2, which increases the front and rear safety space. On this basis, the height of the steering wheel 4 at position A4 is lowered relative to position A3, so that the steering wheel 4 is further away from the human chest, further increasing the safety space. Since the driver's body leans forward during a collision and the collision impact is transmitted in the front-to-back direction, the front-to-back survival space design is prioritized, and on this basis, the survival space in the upper and lower directions is further optimized, and the design path is position A1-position A2-position A3-position A4. The above structure is simple, has low manufacturing cost, and has strong applicability and feasibility.

[0062] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, see Figure 4 As shown, the arc portion is provided with a protrusion 1113 at the rear side of the lower recess 1112. The protrusion 1113 is equivalent to setting a critical value of the collision impact force. When a head-on collision occurs, if the collision impact force is not large and is less than the critical value of the collision impact force, the protection mechanism of the fixed shaft 31 moving forward and then downward along the guide slot 111 may not be triggered. When the collision impact force is too large and exceeds the critical value of the collision impact force, the protection mechanism of the fixed shaft 31 moving forward and then downward along the guide slot 111 is triggered again to avoid the above protection method from being triggered by mistake.

[0063] When the vehicle collides head-on, the impact force is transmitted from the front of the vehicle to the body sheet metal 5, the front enclosure connecting bracket 6, and the steering column bracket 1 in sequence. The steering wheel 4 moves to position A2, and the fixed shaft 31 is at position B2. At this time, the fixed shaft 31 contacts the protrusion 1113. When the impact force exceeds the critical value, the fixed shaft 31 breaks through the protrusion 1113 and moves to position B3. The steering wheel moves synchronously to position A3. Then, under the action of its own weight and reaction force, the fixed shaft 31 retreats and moves downward along the lower recess 1112 to position B4, and the steering wheel 4 moves synchronously to position A4.

[0064] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, see Figure 6As shown, the height C of the protrusion 1113 satisfies 0.3B≤C≤0.4B, where B is the width of the guide slot 111. The height of the protrusion 1113 should not be too high. When the height C of the protrusion 1113 satisfies 0.3B≤C≤0.4B, when a head-on collision occurs and the collision impact force exceeds a critical value, the fixed shaft 31 can smoothly break through the protrusion 1113.

[0065] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, see Figure 6 As shown, the width of the guide slot 111 is equal to the diameter of the fixed shaft 31 , and this arrangement can avoid loosening and abnormal noise between the guide slot 111 and the fixed shaft 31 as much as possible.

[0066] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, see Figure 6 As shown, the bending gap D at the side root of the protrusion 1113 satisfies D≥3t and D≥B, where t is the material thickness of the guide slot 111. This configuration is to enable the protrusion 1113 to be bent and deformed smoothly, so that the fixed shaft 31 can smoothly break through the protrusion 1113 after the collision impact force exceeds the critical value.

[0067] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, see Figure 2 As shown, the steering column fixing member 3 also includes a handle 32 movably connected to the fixed shaft 31, and a nut 321 is provided at one end of the handle 32 close to the fixed shaft 31. The nut 321 is threadedly connected to the fixed shaft 31, and the fixed position of the steering column body 2 and the steering column bracket 1 can be adjusted as needed by rotating the nut 321 of the handle 32.

[0068] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a commercial vehicle, comprising the aforementioned steering column assembly, wherein the steering column assembly comprises the aforementioned steering column structure. Figure 1 As shown, the steering column structure includes: a steering column bracket 1, a steering column body 2 and a steering column fixing member 3.

[0069] See also Figure 1 As shown, the steering column bracket 1 is provided with a guide slot 111. Specifically, the steering column bracket 1 comprises two steering column mounting plates 11 arranged in the transverse direction of the vehicle, and each steering column mounting plate 11 is symmetrically provided with the guide slot 111.

[0070] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the steering column body 2 is provided with a mounting hole 21 that matches the guide slot 111. The steering column fixing member 3 is provided with a fixing shaft 31, and the steering column fixing member 3 is used to fix the steering column body 2 and the steering column bracket 1 by passing the fixing shaft 31 through the guide slot 111 and the mounting hole 21.

[0071] When the vehicle encounters a head-on collision, the steering column body 2 together with the steering wheel 4 pushes the fixed shaft 31 to move forward along the guide slot 111 and then move downward.

[0072] Specifically, see Figure 3 As shown, the steering wheel 4 is in position A1 when in normal use. When the vehicle has a head-on collision, the steering column body 2 together with the steering wheel 4 pushes the fixed shaft 31 to move forward along the guide slot 111, from position A1 through position A2 to position A3, and then moves downward from position A3 to position A4. The steering wheel 4 at position A3 is farther away from the human body from the front and back relative to position A2, increasing the front and rear safety space. On this basis, the height of the steering wheel 4 at position A4 is lowered relative to position A3, allowing the steering wheel 4 to be further away from the human chest, further increasing the safety space. Since the driver's body leans forward during a collision and the collision impact is transmitted along the front and rear direction, the design amount of the front and rear survival space is prioritized. On this basis, the survival space in the up and down directions is further optimized, and the design path is position A1-position A2-position A3-position A4.

[0073] In the commercial vehicle in the embodiment of the present invention, the steering column structure of the steering column assembly includes a steering column bracket, a steering column body and a steering column fixing piece, wherein a guide slot is provided on the steering column bracket, and a fixed shaft of the steering column fixing piece passes through the guide slot to fix the steering column body and the steering column bracket. When the vehicle has a head-on collision, the steering column body together with the steering wheel pushes the fixed shaft to move forward along the guide slot and then move downward, so that the steering wheel is as far away from the driver of the commercial vehicle as possible, thereby increasing the safety space.

[0074] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the guide slot 111 includes an arc-shaped portion 1111 along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and a recessed portion 1112 provided at the front end of the arc-shaped portion.

[0075] When the vehicle encounters a head-on collision, the steering column body 2 together with the steering wheel 4 pushes the fixed shaft 31 to move forward along the arc portion 1111 , and then moves downward from the front end of the arc portion 1111 along the recessed portion 1112 .

[0076] Specifically, see Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the steering wheel 4 is in position A1 when in normal use, and the corresponding fixed shaft 31 is in position B1. When the vehicle has a head-on collision, the collision impact force is transmitted from the front of the vehicle to the body sheet metal 5, the front wall connecting bracket 6, and the steering column bracket 1 in sequence, and the steering wheel 4 moves to position A2, and the fixed shaft 31 is in position B2. Then the fixed shaft 31 moves to position B3, and the steering wheel 4 moves to position A3 synchronously. Then, under the action of its own weight and reaction force, the fixed shaft 31 retreats and moves downward along the lower concave portion 1112 to position B4, and the steering wheel 4 moves to position A4 synchronously. The steering wheel 4 at position A3 is farther away from the human body from the front and back relative to position A2, which increases the front and rear safety space. On this basis, the height of the steering wheel 4 at position A4 is lowered relative to position A3, so that the steering wheel 4 is further away from the human chest, further increasing the safety space. Since the driver's body leans forward during a collision and the collision impact is transmitted in the front-to-back direction, the front-to-back survival space design is prioritized, and on this basis, the survival space in the upper and lower directions is further optimized, and the design path is position A1-position A2-position A3-position A4. The above structure is simple, has low manufacturing cost, and has strong applicability and feasibility.

[0077] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, see Figure 4 As shown, the arc portion is provided with a protrusion 1113 at the rear side of the lower recess 1112. The protrusion 1113 is equivalent to setting a critical value of the collision impact force. When a head-on collision occurs, if the collision impact force is not large and is less than the critical value of the collision impact force, the protection mechanism of the fixed shaft 31 moving forward and then downward along the guide slot 111 may not be triggered. When the collision impact force is too large and exceeds the critical value of the collision impact force, the protection mechanism of the fixed shaft 31 moving forward and then downward along the guide slot 111 is triggered again to avoid the above protection method from being triggered by mistake.

[0078] When the vehicle collides head-on, the impact force is transmitted from the front of the vehicle to the body sheet metal 5, the front enclosure connecting bracket 6, and the steering column bracket 1 in sequence. The steering wheel 4 moves to position A2, and the fixed shaft 31 is at position B2. At this time, the fixed shaft 31 contacts the protrusion 1113. When the impact force exceeds the critical value, the fixed shaft 31 breaks through the protrusion 1113 and moves to position B3. The steering wheel moves synchronously to position A3. Then, under the action of its own weight and reaction force, the fixed shaft 31 retreats and moves downward along the lower recess 1112 to position B4, and the steering wheel 4 moves synchronously to position A4.

[0079] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, see Figure 6As shown, the height C of the protrusion 1113 satisfies 0.3B≤C≤0.4B, where B is the width of the guide slot 111. The height of the protrusion 1113 should not be too high. When the height C of the protrusion 1113 satisfies 0.3B≤C≤0.4B, when a head-on collision occurs and the collision impact force exceeds a critical value, the fixed shaft 31 can smoothly break through the protrusion 1113.

[0080] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, see Figure 6 As shown, the width of the guide slot 111 is equal to the diameter of the fixed shaft 31 , and this arrangement can avoid loosening and abnormal noise between the guide slot 111 and the fixed shaft 31 as much as possible.

[0081] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, see Figure 6 As shown, the bending gap D at the side root of the protrusion 1113 satisfies D≥3t and D≥B, where t is the material thickness of the guide slot 111. This configuration is to enable the protrusion 1113 to be bent and deformed smoothly, so that the fixed shaft 31 can smoothly break through the protrusion 1113 after the collision impact force exceeds the critical value.

[0082] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, see Figure 2 As shown, the steering column fixing member 3 also includes a handle 32 movably connected to the fixed shaft 31, and a nut 321 is provided at one end of the handle 32 close to the fixed shaft 31. The nut 321 is threadedly connected to the fixed shaft 31, and the fixed position of the steering column body 2 and the steering column bracket 1 can be adjusted as needed by rotating the nut 321 of the handle 32.

[0083] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0084] It should be noted that, in the present invention, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0085] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but should conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steering column structure, characterized in that: The steering column structure comprises: A steering column bracket (1) provided with a guide slot (111); A steering column body (2) provided with a mounting hole (21) matching with the guide slide groove (111); A steering column fixing member (3) provided with a fixing shaft (31), the steering column fixing member (3) being used for fixing the steering column body (2) and the steering column bracket (1) by passing the fixing shaft (31) through the guide slide groove (111) and the mounting hole (21); When the vehicle is in a head-on collision, the steering column body (2) together with the steering wheel (4) pushes the fixed shaft (31) to move forward along the guide slot (111) and then move downward.

2. The steering column structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide slide groove (111) comprises an arc-shaped portion (1111) along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and a concave portion (1112) arranged at the front end of the arc-shaped portion; When the vehicle is in a head-on collision, the steering column body (2) together with the steering wheel (4) pushes the fixed shaft (31) to move forward along the arc-shaped portion (1111), and then moves downward from the front end of the arc-shaped portion (1111) along the recessed portion (1112).

3. The steering column structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The arc-shaped portion is provided with a protrusion (1113) at the rear side of the lower recess (1112).

4. The steering column structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The height C of the protrusion (1113) satisfies 0.3B≤C≤0.4B, where B is the width of the guide groove (111).

5. The steering column structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The width of the guide slot (111) is equal to the diameter of the fixed shaft (31).

6. The steering column structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bending gap D at the side root of the protrusion (1113) satisfies D≥3t and D≥B; wherein t is the material thickness of the guide groove (111).

7. The steering column structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steering column bracket (1) comprises two steering column mounting plates (11) arranged in the transverse direction of the vehicle, and the guide sliding grooves (111) are symmetrically arranged on each of the steering column mounting plates (11).

8. The steering column structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steering column fixing member (3) further comprises a handle (32) movably connected to the fixing shaft (31); a nut (321) is provided at one end of the handle (32) close to the fixing shaft (31); and the nut (321) is threadedly connected to the fixing shaft (31).

9. A steering column assembly, characterized in that: The invention comprises a steering column structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A commercial vehicle, characterized in that: Includes the steering column assembly as described in claim 9.

Images