Battery system and flexible printed circuit board

Abstract

The invention relates to a battery system and a flexible printed circuit board. The battery system may include: a battery pack including a plurality of battery cells; a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) disposed on an upper surface of the plurality of battery packs and including a first wiring connected to terminals of the battery packs and a second wiring disposed along a path passing above each of the plurality of battery cells; and a battery management system (BMS) including a logic gate driven by a first voltage supplied from the battery pack via the first wiring, and generating an output according to a second voltage supplied via the second wiring, in which the BMS determines whether the battery pack is abnormal according to the output of the logic gate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to and the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2022-0183599 filed in the Korean Intellectual Property Office on December 23, 2022, and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0176480 filed in the Korean Intellectual Property Office on December 7, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0003] The present disclosure relates to a battery system and a flexible printed circuit board. Background Art

[0004] As electric vehicles become more popular, fires often occur in electric vehicles. Fires that occur in electric vehicles are mainly due to the characteristics of lithium-ion batteries used as batteries for electric vehicles. When a fire occurs, the fire spreads quickly and it may take a very long time and labor to extinguish the fire.

[0005] When a fire occurs in a battery of an electric vehicle, a technology for detecting the fire at an early stage is necessary because detecting the fire at an early stage can encourage passengers in the electric vehicle to escape and ensure safety. However, in order to detect the fire, the battery system should be operated all the time or periodically, which has the problem of battery discharge in a normal use environment. Summary of the invention

[0006] Technical issues

[0007] The present disclosure attempts to provide a battery system and a flexible printed circuit board that detect a fire occurring in a battery at an early stage.

[0008] Technical Solution

[0009] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a battery system includes: a battery pack, the battery pack including a plurality of battery cells; a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB), the FPCB being located on an upper surface of the plurality of groups and the FPCB including a first wiring and a second wiring, the first wiring being connected to a terminal of the battery pack, the second wiring being arranged along a path passing through an upper portion of each of the plurality of battery cells; and a battery management system (BMS), the BMS including a logic gate, the logic gate being driven by a first voltage provided from the battery pack through the first wiring, and the logic gate generating an output according to a second voltage provided through the second wiring, wherein the BMS can determine whether the battery pack is abnormal according to the output of the logic gate.

[0010] When each of the plurality of battery cells is a pouch type battery, the second wiring may be arranged in a rectangular pattern passing through an upper portion of each of the plurality of battery cells.

[0011] When each of the plurality of battery cells is a cylindrical battery, an upper end portion of the cylindrical battery may be connected with a wire, and the second wiring may bypass the wire and may be arranged in a circular pattern passing through an upper portion of each of the plurality of battery cells.

[0012] When each of the plurality of battery cells is a prismatic battery, the prismatic battery may include a pressure outlet, and the second wiring may be arranged in a rectangular pattern passing through a region corresponding to the pressure outlet among the plurality of battery cells.

[0013] The logic gate may be a NAND gate using the first voltage and the second voltage as inputs.

[0014] The logic gate may be a NOT gate using the second voltage as an input.

[0015] The second wiring may include a third wiring and a fourth wiring arranged along a path passing through an upper portion of each of the plurality of battery cells, and the logic gate may be a NAND gate using a third voltage detected by the third wiring and a fourth voltage detected by the fourth wiring as inputs.

[0016] The BMS may perform a protection operation when the logic gate outputs a high level signal.

[0017] The BMS may further include a NOT gate which uses the output of the logic gate as an input and inverts the output of the logic gate, and the BMS performs a protection operation when the NOT gate outputs a low level signal.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present invention, a flexible printed circuit board electrically connects a battery management system BMS and a battery pack including a plurality of battery cells, the flexible printed circuit board comprising: a connector, the connector comprising a first terminal and a second terminal, the first terminal being connected to a first input terminal of the BMS, and the second terminal being connected to a second input terminal of the BMS; a first wiring, the first wiring being connected between a positive pole of the battery pack and the first terminal of the connector; and a second wiring, the second wiring having one end connected to the first wiring at a first node and the other end connected to the second terminal of the connector, and the second wiring being arranged between the one end and the other end along a path passing through an upper portion of each of the plurality of battery cells, wherein the BMS can use a voltage of each of the first input terminal and the second input terminal to determine whether the battery pack is abnormal.

[0019] When each of the plurality of battery cells is a pouch type battery, the second wiring may be arranged in a rectangular pattern passing through an upper portion of each of the plurality of battery cells.

[0020] When each of the plurality of battery cells is a cylindrical battery, an upper end portion of the cylindrical battery may be connected with a wire, and the second wiring may bypass the wire and may be arranged in a circular pattern passing through an upper portion of each of the plurality of battery cells.

[0021] When each of the plurality of battery cells is a prismatic battery, the prismatic battery may include a pressure outlet, and the second wiring may be arranged in a rectangular pattern passing through a region corresponding to the pressure outlet among the plurality of battery cells.

[0022] Beneficial Effects

[0023] According to the present disclosure, even in a low power state, it is possible to quickly determine whether thermal runaway has occurred in a battery pack through a wiring pattern according to the shape of a battery cell.

[0024] According to the present disclosure, since the BMS uses logic gates without a separate configuration such as a storage device, the BMS can detect thermal runaway without additional operations while maintaining standby power at low power even in a vehicle in a start OFF state.

[0025] According to the present disclosure, thermal runaway in a battery pack can be detected quickly and simply to ensure the safety of passengers in an electric vehicle using the battery.

[0026] According to the present disclosure, since an electronic control device (eg, ECU, BMS, etc.) required for fire detection is not required to constantly operate, unnecessary discharge in a normal state can be prevented. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a battery system according to an embodiment.

[0028] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Detailed configuration diagram of the flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) in.

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a pouch-type battery.

[0030] Figure 4 is used to describe Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a wiring pattern when the FPCB is located on the upper surface of the pouch type battery.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a cylindrical battery.

[0032] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of a cylindrical battery.

[0033] Figure 7 is used to describe Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the wiring pattern when the FPCB is located on the upper surface of the cylindrical battery.

[0034] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a prismatic battery.

[0035] Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a prismatic battery.

[0036] Fig.10 is used to describe Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a wiring pattern when the FPCB is located on the upper surface of a prismatic battery.

[0037] Fig.11 is a diagram for describing a battery management system (BMS) including a NAND gate.

[0038] Fig.12 is a diagram for describing a BMS including a NOT gate.

[0039] Fig.13 is a diagram for describing a BMS including a NAND gate.

[0040] Fig.14 is used to describe Fig.11 FIG. 1 is a diagram of a BMS that also includes a NOT gate at the output unit of the NAND gate.

[0041] Fig.15 is used to describe Fig.12 The output unit of the NOT gate in the diagram also includes a BMS of the NOT gate.

[0042] Fig.16 is a diagram for describing a BMS further including a NOT gate at an output unit of a NAND gate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the same or similar components are given the same reference numerals and are not described repeatedly. The suffixes "module" and / or "unit" of the components used in the following description are given or mixed only for the convenience of writing the specification, and therefore, the suffixes do not have the meaning or function of distinguishing each other from each other. In addition, when it is determined that a detailed description of known technologies related to the present invention may obscure the subject matter of the present disclosure, the detailed description will be omitted. In addition, it should be understood that the accompanying drawings are provided only to allow easy understanding of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, and the spirit of the present disclosure is not limited to the accompanying drawings, but includes all modifications, equivalents, and alternative forms included in the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

[0044] Terms including ordinal numbers such as first, second, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components are not limited to these terms. The above terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

[0045] It will also be understood that the terms "including" or "having" used in this specification specify the presence of the features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof mentioned in the specification, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof.

[0046] Among the components according to the embodiment, a program implemented as an instruction set specifying a control algorithm necessary for controlling other components may be installed in the component that controls other components under specific control conditions. The control component may process input data and stored data according to the installed program to generate output data. The control component may include a non-volatile memory for storing the program and a memory for storing data.

[0047] Figure 1 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a battery system according to an embodiment.

[0048] The battery system 1 may include a battery pack 100 , a battery management system (BMS) 200 , and a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) 300 .

[0049] The battery pack 100 may include a plurality of battery cells. The battery pack 100 may be implemented as two or more battery cells connected in series, a plurality of battery cells having two or more battery cells connected in parallel, or two or more battery cells connected in parallel.

[0050] The FPCB 300 may include a first wiring LN1 and a second wiring LN2. The BMS 200 may determine whether the battery pack 100 is abnormal based on a signal input through the first wiring LN1 and the second wiring LN2 input through the FPCB 300. For example, the abnormal state of the battery pack 100 may include thermal runaway of the battery pack 100. Hereinafter, in the present disclosure, the abnormal state of the battery pack will be described as a state in which thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100, the second wiring LN2 may be disconnected. The BMS 200 may determine that thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100 based on an output signal of a logic gate.

[0051] The battery pack 100 may include a terminal P1_1 , and the BMS 200 may include terminals P2_1 and P2_2 .

[0052] The FPCB 300 may be located on the upper surface of the battery pack 100. Hereinafter, the upper portion of the battery pack 100 may represent the y-axis direction of the battery pack 100. The first wiring LN1 may be connected between the battery pack 100 and the BMS 200. The terminal P1_1 may be connected to the terminal P2_1 through the first wiring LN1. The second wiring LN2 is located at the upper portion of the battery pack 100 and may be arranged along a path passing through the upper portion of each of the plurality of battery cells included in the battery pack 100. One end of the second wiring LN2 may be connected to a node N1 on the first wiring LN1. The other end of the second wiring LN2 may be connected to the terminal P2_2. The second wiring LN2 may include one or more wirings. The terminal P1_1 of the battery pack 100 may be a terminal for measuring the highest cell voltage among the cell voltages of each of the plurality of battery cells.

[0053] The battery pack voltage signal PVS may indicate a voltage detected through the first wiring LN1 , and the thermal runaway detection signal TRS may indicate a voltage detected through the second wiring LN2 .

[0054] The BMS 200 may receive a battery pack voltage signal PVS from the battery pack 100 through the first wiring LN1. The battery pack voltage signal PVS may include a signal indicating the voltage of the terminal P1_1. The BMS 200 may derive the battery pack voltage of the battery pack 100 from the battery pack voltage signal PVS. However, even in a state where the power supply is cut off, the BMS 200 may detect thermal runaway through at least one logic gate while maintaining the backup power at low power. The at least one logic gate may include at least one of the battery pack voltage signal PVS and the thermal runaway detection signal TRS as input. The level of the output of the at least one logic gate may change as the level (e.g., high level or low level) of each of the battery pack voltage signal PVS and the thermal runaway detection signal TRS changes.

[0055] The BMS 200 may receive a thermal runaway detection signal TRS through the second wiring LN2. The thermal runaway detection signal TRS may indicate a voltage passing through an upper portion of each of the plurality of battery cells included in the battery pack 100 from a voltage of the node N1. The BMS 200 may derive a voltage passing through an upper portion of each of the plurality of battery cells included in the battery pack 100 (hereinafter, “cell upper voltage”) from the thermal runaway detection signal TRS.

[0056] The BMS 200 may determine whether the battery pack 100 is abnormal based on the output of the logic gate. Here, the logic gate is driven by the battery pack voltage signal PVS and may generate an output according to the thermal runaway detection signal TRS. For example, when the logic gate outputs a high level signal, the BMS 200 may determine that thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100.

[0057] The battery system 1 can be connected to an external device 2. The external device 2 may include a load and a charging device such as an inverter or a converter. When the external device 2 is a charger, both terminals of the battery system 1 can be connected to the charger and charged by receiving power from the charger. When the external device 2 is a load, both terminals P+ and P- of the battery system 1 are connected to the load so that the power supplied by the battery pack 10 can be discharged through the load.

[0058] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Detailed configuration diagram of the flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) in.

[0059] FPCB 300 may be located at Figure 1 On the upper surface of the battery pack 100. Figure 2 The first wiring LN11 in Figure 1 , and the second wiring LN21 is an example of the second wiring LN2.

[0060] The FPCB 300 may include a first connection portion 310, a connector 320, a board 330, and a second connection portion 340. The first connection portion 310 may include a first wiring LN11.

[0061] The first connection portion 310 may be connected to one of the two ends of the battery pack 100. The plate 330 may include a Figure 1 The second wiring LN21 is arranged along a path of an upper portion of each of the plurality of battery cells included in the battery pack 100. The pattern of the second wiring LN21 may be determined according to the shape of the battery cells included in the battery pack 100.

[0062] The connector 320 may connect the first wiring LN11 and the second wiring LN21 to the BMS 200. The connector 320 may include Figure 1 The terminal P2_1 of the BMS200 is connected to the terminal Figure 1 The terminal connected to the terminal P2_2 of the BMS200 in FIG. Figure 1 The node to which the terminal P2_1 of the BMS 200 is connected is called the first node N1 and is connected to the Figure 1 The node connected to the terminal P2_2 of the BMS 200 in the first connection portion 310 is referred to as the second node N2. The first connection portion 310 may include a third node N3. The third node N3 may be connected to Figure 1 The node to which the terminal P1_1 of the battery pack 100 is connected.

[0063] The first wiring LN11 may be connected between the first node N1 and the third node N3. One end of the first wiring LN11 may be connected to the first node and connected to the terminal P2_1 of the BMS 200 through the connector 320, and the other end of the first wiring LN11 may be connected to the third node N3 and connected to the terminal P1_1 of the battery pack 100 through the connector 320.

[0064] The second wiring LN21 may be arranged along the path passing through Figure 1 The path of the upper portion of each of the plurality of battery cells included in the battery pack 100 is arranged between the first node N1 and the second node N2. One end of the second wiring LN21 may be connected to the first node N1, and the other end of the second wiring LN21 may be connected to the second node N2 and connected to the terminal P2_2 of the BMS 200 through the connector 320.

[0065] The second connection portion 340 may be connected to the other of the two end portions of the battery pack 100 .

[0066] Each of the plurality of battery cells included in the battery pack 100 may be a pouch-type battery, a cylindrical battery, or a prismatic battery. Figure 3 and Figure 4 , a case where each of the plurality of battery cells included in the battery pack 100 is a pouch-type battery will be described. Figures 5 to 7 , a case where each of the plurality of battery cells included in the battery pack 100 is a cylindrical battery will be described. Figures 8 to 10 , a case where each of the plurality of battery cells included in the battery pack 100 is a prismatic battery will be described.

[0067] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a pouch-type battery.

[0068] Figure 3 The battery pack 100_1 in Figure 1 1. An example of a battery pack 100 in FIG. 1. The battery pack 100_1 may include a plurality of pouch-type battery cells (eg, 101_1). Hereinafter, an upper portion of the pouch-type battery cell 101_1 represents a y-axis direction of the pouch-type battery cell 101_1.

[0069] In the pouch type battery cell 101_1, the periphery of the battery may be sealed. When thermal runaway occurs in the pouch type battery cell 101_1, it is difficult to predict at what point the flame will be released. Therefore, the wiring pattern of the FPCB 300 located on the upper portion of the battery pack 100_1 may pass through all of the plurality of pouch type battery cells.

[0070] Figure 4 is used to describe Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a wiring pattern when the FPCB is located on the upper surface of the pouch type battery.

[0071] Figure 4 The board 331 is Figure 2 An example of the board 330 in FIG. The FPCB 300 including the board 331 may be located Figure 3 The board 331 may include a second wiring LN21_1 on an upper surface of the battery pack 100_1. Figure 4 The second wiring LN21_1 in Figure 2 The second wiring LN21_1 may be implemented in a pattern passing through an upper portion of each of a plurality of pouch-type battery cells (hereinafter, “pouch-type cells”) included in the battery pack 100_1.

[0072] exist Figure 4, the upper portion of the pouch-type battery cell is illustrated as a dotted line. The upper portion of the pouch-type battery cell may be rectangular. The second wiring LN21_1 may be arranged in a rectangular pattern to pass through the entire pouch-type battery cell. That is, the FPCB located on the upper surface of the battery pack including the pouch-type battery may include a rectangular wiring pattern.

[0073] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a cylindrical battery.

[0074] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of a cylindrical battery.

[0075] Figure 5 The battery pack 100_2 is Figure 1 1. An example of a battery pack 100 in FIG. 100_2 may include a plurality of cylindrical battery cells (eg, 101_2). Hereinafter, an upper portion of the cylindrical battery cell 101_2 represents a y-axis direction of the cylindrical battery cell 101_2.

[0076] Reference Figure 6 , the cylindrical battery cell 101_2 may include a gas release outlet, a current interrupt device (CID), a separator, a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a center pin, etc. The gas release outlet is located in the upper middle portion of the cylindrical battery cell 101_2, and may release gas inside the cylindrical battery cell 101_2. When thermal runaway occurs in the cylindrical battery cell 101_2, flames may be released from the gas release outlet.

[0077] Figure 7 is used to describe Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the wiring pattern when the FPCB is located on the upper surface of the cylindrical battery.

[0078] Figure 7 The board 332 is Figure 2 An example of a board 330 in FIG. The FPCB 300 including the board 332 may be located Figure 5 The board 332 may include a second wiring LN21_2. Figure 7 The second wiring LN21_2 in Figure 2 1. The second wiring LN21_2 may be implemented in a pattern passing through an upper portion of each of a plurality of cylindrical battery cells (hereinafter, "cylindrical cells") included in the battery pack 100_2. Since there is a gas release outlet at the upper end of the battery cell 101_2, the second wiring LN21_2 may pass through positions corresponding to the plurality of gas release outlets of the plurality of cylindrical battery cells.

[0079] exist Figure 7, the upper portion of the cylindrical battery cell is illustrated as a dotted line. The upper portion of the cylindrical battery cell may be circular. The upper portion of the cylindrical battery cell may be connected to an electric wire. The second wiring LN21_2 may be arranged in a circular pattern to bypass the electric wire while passing through the entire upper portion of the cylindrical battery cell. That is, the FPCB located on the upper surface of the battery pack including the cylindrical battery may include a circular wiring pattern.

[0080] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a prismatic battery.

[0081] Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a prismatic battery.

[0082] Figure 8 The battery pack 100_3 in Figure 1 1. The battery pack 100_3 may include a plurality of prismatic battery cells (eg, 101_3). Hereinafter, the upper portion of the prismatic battery cell 101_3 represents the y-axis direction of the prismatic battery cell 101_3.

[0083] Reference Fig. 9 , the prismatic battery cell 101_3 may include a pressure outlet, a positive terminal, a top plate, a negative electrode, a positive electrode, a diaphragm, a negative electrode connector, a housing (tank housing), etc. The pressure outlet is located on the upper surface of the prismatic battery cell 101_3 and may release the pressure inside the prismatic battery cell 101_3. When thermal runaway occurs in the prismatic battery cell 101_3, a flame may be released from the pressure outlet.

[0084] Fig.10 is used to describe Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a wiring pattern when the FPCB is located on the upper surface of a prismatic battery.

[0085] Fig.10 The board 333 is Figure 2 An example of the board 330 in FIG. The FPCB 300 including the board 333 may be located Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The board 333 may include a second wiring LN21_3. Fig.10 The second wiring LN21_3 in Figure 2 The second wiring LN21_3 may be implemented in a pattern passing through an upper portion of each of a plurality of prismatic battery cells (hereinafter, “prismatic cells”) included in the battery pack 100_3 .

[0086] Since there is a pressure outlet at the upper end of the battery cell 101_3, the second wiring LN21_3 may pass through positions corresponding to the pressure outlets of the plurality of prismatic battery cells. Fig.10 , an area X of the upper portion of the prismatic cell corresponding to the position of the pressure outlet of the prismatic cell is illustrated as a dotted line. The upper portion of the prismatic cell may be rectangular. The upper portion of the prismatic cell may include an area X corresponding to the position of the pressure outlet of the prismatic cell. The second wiring LN21_3 may be arranged in a rectangular pattern to pass through the area X. That is, the FPCB substrate located on the upper surface of the battery pack including the prismatic battery may include a rectangular wiring pattern.

[0087] The BMS 200 may include a logic gate to determine whether thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100. The logic gate may use at least one of the battery pack voltage signal PVS and the thermal runaway detection signal TRS as input. The logic gate may be Fig.11 and Fig.13 The NAND gate or Fig.12 In the following, we will refer to Figures 11 to 13 The operation of the BMS 200 to determine whether thermal runaway occurs is described.

[0088] Fig.11 is a diagram for describing a BMS including a NAND gate.

[0089] The terminal P2_1 may receive a battery pack voltage signal PVS from the battery pack 100 through the first wiring LN1. The terminal P2_2 may receive a thermal runaway detection signal TRS passing through an upper portion of each of a plurality of battery cells included in the battery pack 100 through the second wiring LN2. The BMS 200 may include a NAND gate GATE1. The NAND gate GATE1 may use the battery pack voltage signal PVS and the thermal runaway detection signal TRS as inputs. The battery pack voltage signal PVS may also be input as a power signal of the NAND gate GATE1. Therefore, the NAND gate GATE1 may operate when the battery pack voltage signal PVS is a high level signal.

[0090] When the battery pack voltage signal PVS and the thermal runaway detection signal TRS become high level, the NAND gate GATE1 outputs a low level signal. When the battery pack voltage signal PVS becomes high level and the thermal runaway detection signal TRS becomes low level, the NAND gate GATE1 outputs a high level signal.

[0091] The BMS 200 may measure the battery pack voltage of the battery pack 100 through the high level battery pack voltage signal PVS. However, even in a state where the power supply is cut off, the BMS 200 may detect thermal runaway through the NAND gate GATE1 while maintaining the backup power at a low power.

[0092] The BMS 200 may detect whether thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100 based on the output of the NAND gate GATE1. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100, the second wiring LN2 may be open, and when the second wiring LN2 is open, the thermal runaway detection signal TRS may become a low level. When the thermal runaway detection signal TRS becomes a low level, the NAND gate GATE1 outputs a high level signal. The BMS 200 may determine that thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100 based on the high level output signal of the NAND gate GATE1.

[0093] Fig.12 is a diagram for describing a BMS including a NOT gate.

[0094] The terminal P2_1 may receive a battery pack voltage signal PVS from the battery pack 100 through the first wiring LN1. The terminal P2_2 may receive a thermal runaway detection signal TRS passing through an upper portion of each of a plurality of battery cells included in the battery pack 100 through the second wiring LN2. The BMS 200 may include a NOT gate GATE2. The NOT gate GATE2 may use the thermal runaway detection signal TRS as an input. The battery pack voltage signal PVS may be input as a power signal of the NOT gate GATE2. Therefore, the NOT gate GATE2 may operate when the battery pack voltage signal PVS is a high level signal.

[0095] When the battery pack voltage signal PVS and the thermal runaway detection signal TRS become high level, the gate GATE2 outputs a low level signal. When the battery pack voltage signal PVS becomes high level and the thermal runaway detection signal TRS becomes low level, the gate GATE2 outputs a high level signal.

[0096] The BMS 200 may measure the battery pack voltage of the battery pack 100 through the high level battery pack voltage signal PVS. However, even in a state where the power supply is cut off, the BMS 200 may detect thermal runaway through the NOT gate GATE2 while maintaining the backup power at a low power.

[0097] The BMS 200 may detect whether thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100 based on the output of the NOT gate GATE2. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100, the second wiring LN2 may be open, and when the second wiring LN2 is open, the thermal runaway detection signal TRS may become a low level. When the thermal runaway detection signal TRS becomes a low level, the NOT gate GATE2 outputs a high level signal. The BMS 200 may determine that thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100 based on the high level output signal of the NOT gate GATE2.

[0098] Fig.13 is a diagram for describing a BMS including a NAND gate.

[0099] Reference Fig.13 , Figure 1 The FPCB 300 in the battery pack 100 may include a wiring LN22 and a wiring LN23. The wiring LN22 and LN23 may be arranged along a path passing through an upper portion of each of a plurality of battery cells included in the battery pack 100. The wiring LN22 and LN23 may be included in Figure 1 In the second wiring LN2 in the BMS200. BMS200 may include terminals P2_1 to P2_3. For example, the wiring LN22 is connected to a path passing through the upper portion of each of m battery cells (m is a natural number greater than or equal to 1 and less than n) among the n battery cells (n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1) included in the battery pack 100. The wiring LN23 may be arranged along a path passing through the upper portion of each of nm battery cells other than the m battery cells among the n battery cells. One end of each of the wirings LN22 and LN23 may be connected to a node N1 on the first wiring LN1. The other end of the wiring LN22 may be connected to the terminal P2_2. The other end of the wiring LN23 may be connected to the terminal P2_3.

[0100] The terminal P2_1 may receive a battery pack voltage signal PVS from the battery pack 100 through the first wiring LN1. The terminal P2_2 may receive a first thermal runaway detection signal TRS1 passing through an upper portion of a plurality of battery cells included in the battery pack 100 through a wiring LN22. The terminal P2_3 may receive a second thermal runaway detection signal TRS2 passing through an upper portion of a plurality of battery cells included in the battery pack 100 through a wiring LN23. In other words, the first thermal runaway detection signal TRS1 and the second thermal runaway detection signal TRS2 may be signals passing through an upper portion of each of the plurality of battery cells.

[0101] The BMS 200 may include a NAND gate GATE3. The NAND gate GATE3 may use the first thermal runaway detection signal TRS1 and the second thermal runaway detection signal TRS2 as inputs. The battery pack voltage signal PVS may be used as a power signal input of the NAND gate GATE3. Therefore, the NAND gate GATE3 may operate when the battery pack voltage signal PVS is a high level signal.

[0102] When the battery pack voltage signal PVS, the first thermal runaway detection signal TRS1 and the second thermal runaway detection signal TRS2 become high level, the NAND gate GATE3 outputs a low level signal. When the battery pack voltage signal PVS and the first thermal runaway detection signal TRS1 become high level and the second thermal runaway detection signal TRS2 becomes low level, the NAND gate GATE3 outputs a high level signal. When the battery pack voltage signal PVS and the second thermal runaway detection signal TRS2 become high level and the first thermal runaway detection signal TRS1 becomes low level, the NAND gate GATE3 outputs a high level signal.

[0103] The BMS 200 may measure the battery pack voltage of the battery pack 100 through the high level battery pack voltage signal PVS. However, even in a state where the power supply is cut off, the BMS 200 may detect thermal runaway through the NAND gate GATE3 while maintaining the backup power at a low power.

[0104] The BMS 200 may detect whether thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100 based on the output of the NAND gate GATE3. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100, the wiring LN22 and / or the wiring LN23 may be open, and when the wiring LN22 and / or the wiring LN23 are open, the first thermal runaway detection signal TRS1 and / or the second thermal runaway detection signal TRS2 may become a low level. When at least one of the first thermal runaway detection signal TRS1 and the second thermal runaway detection signal TRS2 becomes a low level, the NAND gate GATE3 outputs a high level signal. The BMS 200 may determine that thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100 based on the high level output signal of the NAND gate GATE3.

[0105] When the output signal of the logic gate GATE1, GATE2 or GATE3 is a high level signal, the BMS 200 may diagnose that thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100. The BMS 200 may perform a protection operation based on the output signal of the logic gate GATE1, GATE2 or GATE3. The protection operation may include a diagnosis operation, a warning operation, and the like.

[0106] The diagnostic operation may be an operation for confirming whether a fire has occurred. The diagnostic operation may include an operation to calculate the temperature of the battery pack 100 based on a signal received by the BMS 200 from a temperature sensor or to determine whether a gas is generated based on a signal received from a gas sensor. Here, the temperature sensor and the gas sensor may be provided in the battery system 1. The signal received from the temperature sensor may be determined based on the detected temperature, and the signal received from the gas sensor may be determined based on the type, concentration, etc. of the detected gas. When the engine of the vehicle (hereinafter, "vehicle") connected to the battery system 1 is turned off, the gas sensor may also be turned off. When the BMS 200 performs a diagnostic operation, the gas sensor in the off state may be operated to detect a specific gas. When the BMS 200 starts a protection operation, it may be confirmed by a diagnostic operation whether a fire has occurred.

[0107] The warning operation may include sending a signal notifying the possibility of fire to a higher-level controller or a signal notifying the possibility of fire to passengers in the vehicle through a higher-level controller. Here, the higher-level controller may be an electronic control unit (ECU), a battery system controller (BSC), etc. that controls the operation of BMS200. Through the higher-level controller, BMS200 may provide a screen notifying passengers of the possibility of fire through an output device installed in the vehicle, a user terminal connected to the vehicle, etc. Here, the output device may be a user interface module.

[0108] Figures 11 to 13 The output terminal of the logic gate GATE1, GATE2 or GATE3 in the BMS 200 may be connected to at least one component in the BMS 200. Here, each of the at least one component connected to the output terminal of the logic gate GATE1, GATE2 or GATE3 may be a component for performing a protection operation by setting a high level to an on level. For example, one of the at least one components connected to the output terminal of the logic gate GATE1, GATE2 or GATE3 detects a high level to operate the BMS 200 or warn passengers in the vehicle through a higher-level controller.

[0109] When the engine of the vehicle is turned off, the BMS 200 may not operate all the time or periodically. In one embodiment, the BMS 200 may detect thermal runaway, etc. through a logic gate without operating all the time or periodically.

[0110] According to one embodiment, the BMS 200 can detect thermal runaway through a logic gate. Therefore, even in a low power state (for example, when the power supply of the BMS 200 is cut off or in standby mode), the BMS 200 can immediately perform a protection operation by detecting an output signal of the logic gate GATE1, GATE2, or GATE3. Therefore, the standby power of the BMS 200 is minimized, and it is possible to immediately perform thermal runaway diagnosis.

[0111] In some embodiments, when the output signal of the logic gate is a low level signal, the BMS 200 may diagnose that thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100 .

[0112] In the following, refer to Figures 14 to 16 , a configuration of the BMS 200 that can diagnose the occurrence of thermal runaway in the battery pack 100 when the output signal of the logic gate is a low level signal will be described.

[0113] Fig.14 is used to describe Fig.11 FIG. 1 is a diagram of a BMS that also includes a NOT gate at the output unit of the NAND gate.

[0114] Reference Fig.14 The terminal P2_1 may receive the battery pack voltage signal PVS from the battery pack 100 through the first wiring LN1. The terminal P2_2 may receive the thermal runaway detection signal TRS passing through the upper portion of each of the plurality of battery cells included in the battery pack 100 through the second wiring LN2. The BMS 200 may include a NAND gate GATE1 and a NOT gate GATE11.

[0115] The NAND gate GATE1 can use the battery pack voltage signal PVS and the thermal runaway detection signal TRS as inputs. The battery pack voltage signal PVS can also be used as a power signal input of the NAND gate GATE1. Therefore, the NAND gate GATE1 can operate when the battery pack voltage signal PVS is a high level signal.

[0116] The NOT gate GATE11 may use the output signal of the NAND gate GATE1 as an input. The NOT gate GATE11 may invert the output signal of the NAND gate GATE1.

[0117] When the battery pack voltage signal PVS and the thermal runaway detection signal TRS become high level, the NAND gate GATE1 outputs a low level signal, and the NOT gate GATE11 outputs a high level signal. When the battery pack voltage signal PVS becomes high level and the thermal runaway detection signal TRS becomes low level, the NAND gate GATE1 outputs a high level signal and the NOT gate GATE11 outputs a low level signal.

[0118] The BMS 200 may measure the battery pack voltage of the battery pack 100 through the high level battery pack voltage signal PVS. However, even in a state where the power supply is cut off, the BMS 200 may detect thermal runaway through the NAND gates GATE1 and GATE11 while maintaining the backup power at low power.

[0119] The BMS 200 may detect whether thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100 based on the output of the NOT gate GATE11. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100, the second wiring LN2 may be open, and when the second wiring LN2 is open, the thermal runaway detection signal TRS may become a low level. When the thermal runaway detection signal TRS becomes a low level, the NAND gate GATE1 outputs a high level signal, and the NOT gate GATE11 outputs a low level signal. The BMS 200 may determine that thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100 based on the low level output signal of the NOT gate GATE11.

[0120] Fig.15 is used to describe Fig.12 The output unit of the NOT gate in the diagram also includes a BMS of the NOT gate.

[0121] Reference Fig.15 The terminal P2_1 may receive the battery pack voltage signal PVS from the battery pack 100 through the first wiring LN1. The terminal P2_2 may receive the thermal runaway detection signal TRS passing through the upper portion of each of the plurality of battery cells included in the battery pack 100 through the second wiring LN2. The BMS 200 may include two NOT gates GATE2 and GATE21.

[0122] The NOT gate GATE2 may use the thermal runaway detection signal TRS as an input. The battery pack voltage signal PVS may be used as a power signal input of the NOT gate GATE2. Therefore, the NOT gate GATE2 may operate when the battery pack voltage signal PVS is a high level signal.

[0123] The NOT gate GATE21 may use the output signal of the NOT gate GATE2 as an input. The NOT gate GATE21 may invert the output signal of the NOT gate GATE2.

[0124] When the battery pack voltage signal PVS and the thermal runaway detection signal TRS become high level, the invertor GATE2 outputs a low level signal, and the invertor GATE21 outputs a high level signal. When the battery pack voltage signal PVS becomes high level and the thermal runaway detection signal TRS becomes low level, the invertor GATE2 outputs a high level signal, and the invertor GATE21 outputs a low level signal.

[0125] The BMS 200 can measure the battery pack voltage of the battery pack 100 through the high level battery pack voltage signal PVS. However, even in a state where the power supply is cut off, the BMS 200 can detect thermal runaway through the NOT gates GATE2 and GATE21 while maintaining the backup power at low power.

[0126] The BMS 200 may detect whether thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100 based on the output of the NOT gate GATE21. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100, the second wiring LN2 may be open, and when the second wiring LN2 is open, the thermal runaway detection signal TRS may become a low level. When the thermal runaway detection signal TRS becomes a low level, the NOT gate GATE2 outputs a high level signal, and the NOT gate GATE21 outputs a low level signal. The BMS 200 may determine that thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100 based on the low level output signal of the NOT gate GATE21.

[0127] Fig.16 is a diagram for describing a BMS further including a NOT gate at an output unit of a NAND gate.

[0128] Reference Fig.16 , the terminal P2_1 may receive the battery pack voltage signal PVS from the battery pack 100 through the first wiring LN1. The terminal P2_2 may receive the first thermal runaway detection signal TRS1 passing through the upper portion of the plurality of battery cells included in the battery pack 100 through the wiring LN22. The terminal P2_3 may receive the second thermal runaway detection signal TRS2 passing through the upper portion of the plurality of battery cells included in the battery pack 100 through the wiring LN23. In other words, the first thermal runaway detection signal TRS1 and the second thermal runaway detection signal TRS2 may be signals passing through the upper portion of each of the plurality of battery cells.

[0129] The BMS 200 may include a NAND gate GATE3 and a NAND gate GATE31. The NAND gate GATE3 may use the first thermal runaway detection signal TRS1 and the second thermal runaway detection signal TRS2 as inputs. The battery pack voltage signal PVS may be used as a power signal input of the NAND gate GATE3. Therefore, the NAND gate GATE3 may operate when the battery pack voltage signal PVS is a high level signal.

[0130] The NOT gate GATE31 may use the output signal of the NAND gate GATE3 as an input. The NOT gate GATE31 may invert the output signal of the NAND gate GATE3.

[0131] When the battery pack voltage signal PVS, the thermal runaway detection signal TRS1, and the second thermal runaway detection signal TRS2 become high level, the NAND gate GATE3 outputs a low level signal, and the NAND gate GATE31 outputs a high level signal. When the battery pack voltage signal PVS and the first thermal runaway detection signal TRS1 become high level and the second thermal runaway detection signal TRS2 become low level, the NAND gate GATE3 outputs a high level signal and the NAND gate GATE31 outputs a low level signal. When the battery pack voltage signal PVS and the second thermal runaway detection signal TRS2 become high level and the first thermal runaway detection signal TRS1 becomes low level, the NAND gate GATE3 outputs a high level signal and the NAND gate GATE31 outputs a low level signal.

[0132] The BMS 200 can measure the battery pack voltage of the battery pack 100 through the high level battery pack voltage signal PVS. However, even in a state where the power supply is cut off, the BMS 200 can detect thermal runaway through the NAND gate GATE3 and the NOT gate GATE31 while maintaining the backup power at low power.

[0133] The BMS200 may detect whether thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100 based on the output of the NOT gate GATE31. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100, the wiring LN22 and / or the wiring LN23 may be open, and when the wiring LN22 and / or the wiring LN23 are open, the first thermal runaway detection signal TRS1 and / or the second thermal runaway detection signal TRS2 may become a low level. When at least one of the first thermal runaway detection signal TRS1 and the second thermal runaway detection signal TRS2 becomes a low level, the NAND gate GATE3 outputs a high level signal, and the NOT gate GATE31 outputs a low level signal. The BMS200 may determine that thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100 based on the low level output signal of the NOT gate GATE31.

[0134] Reference Figures 14 to 16 When the output signal of the NOT gate GATE11, GATE21, or GATE31 becomes a low level signal, the BMS 200 may diagnose that thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 100. The BMS 200 may perform a protection operation based on the output signal of the logic gate GATE11, GATE21, or GATE31.

[0135] Figures 14 to 16The output terminal of the logic gate GATE11, GATE21 or GATE31 in the BMS200 may be connected to at least one component in the BMS200. Here, each of the at least one component connected to the output terminal of the NOT gate GATE11, GATE21 or GATE31 may be a component for performing a protection operation by setting a low level to a turn-on level. For example, one of the at least one components connected to the output terminal of the NOT gate GATE11, GATE21 or GATE31 detects a low level to operate the BMS200 or warn passengers in the vehicle through a higher-level controller.

[0136] According to one embodiment, the BMS 200 can detect thermal runaway through a logic gate. Therefore, even in a low power state, the BMS 200 can immediately perform a protection operation by detecting an output signal of the NOT gate GATE11, GATE21, or GATE31. Therefore, the standby power of the BMS 200 is minimized, and thermal runaway diagnosis can be performed immediately.

[0137] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and improvements made by a person of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains belong to the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery system, comprising: A battery pack, the battery pack comprising a plurality of battery cells; a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) located on an upper surface of the plurality of groups and including a first wiring connected to a terminal of the battery group and a second wiring arranged along a path passing through an upper portion of each of the plurality of battery cells; as well as a battery management system BMS, the BMS including a logic gate driven by a first voltage supplied from the battery pack through the first wiring, and the logic gate generating an output according to a second voltage supplied through the second wiring, The BMS determines whether the battery pack is abnormal according to the output of the logic gate.

2. The battery system according to claim 1, wherein: When each of the plurality of battery cells is a pouch type battery, the second wiring is arranged in a rectangular pattern passing through an upper portion of each of the plurality of battery cells.

3. The battery system according to claim 1, wherein: When each of the plurality of battery cells is a cylindrical battery, The upper end of the cylindrical battery is connected to an electric wire, and The second wiring bypasses the electric wire and is arranged in a circular pattern passing through an upper portion of each of the plurality of battery cells.

4. The battery system according to claim 1, wherein: When each of the plurality of battery cells is a prismatic battery, The prismatic cell includes a pressure vent, and The second wiring is arranged in a rectangular pattern passing through an area corresponding to the pressure outlet among the plurality of battery cells.

5. The battery system according to claim 1, wherein: The logic gate is a NAND gate using the first voltage and the second voltage as inputs.

6. The battery system according to claim 1, wherein: The logic gate is a NOT gate using the second voltage as an input.

7. The battery system according to claim 1, wherein: The second wiring includes a third wiring and a fourth wiring arranged along a path passing through an upper portion of each of the plurality of battery cells, and The logic gate is a NAND gate using a third voltage detected through the third wiring and a fourth voltage detected through the fourth wiring as inputs.

8. The battery system according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein: The BMS performs a protection operation when the logic gate outputs a high level signal.

9. The battery system according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein: The BMS further includes a NOT gate that uses the output of the logic gate as an input and inverts the output of the logic gate, and The BMS performs a protection operation when the NOT gate outputs a low level signal.

10. A flexible printed circuit board, which electrically connects a battery management system BMS and a battery pack including a plurality of battery cells, the flexible printed circuit board comprising: A connector, the connector comprising a first terminal and a second terminal, the first terminal being connected to a first input terminal of the BMS, and the second terminal being connected to a second input terminal of the BMS; a first wiring connected between a positive electrode of the battery pack and the first terminal of the connector; as well as a second wiring having one end connected to the first wiring at a first node and the other end connected to the second terminal of the connector, and the second wiring is arranged between the one end and the other end along a path passing through an upper portion of each of the plurality of battery cells, The BMS determines whether the battery pack is abnormal using a voltage of each of the first input terminal and the second input terminal.

11. The flexible printed circuit board according to claim 10, wherein: When each of the plurality of battery cells is a pouch type battery, the second wiring is arranged in a rectangular pattern passing through an upper portion of each of the plurality of battery cells.

12. The flexible printed circuit board according to claim 10, wherein: When each of the plurality of battery cells is a cylindrical battery, The upper end of the cylindrical battery is connected to an electric wire, and The second wiring bypasses the electric wire and is arranged in a circular pattern passing through an upper portion of each of the plurality of battery cells.

13. The flexible printed circuit board according to claim 10, wherein: When each of the plurality of battery cells is a prismatic battery, The prismatic cell includes a pressure vent, and The second wiring is arranged in a rectangular pattern passing through an area corresponding to the pressure outlet among the plurality of battery cells.

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