Integrated liquid helium loading system

Abstract

The invention provides an integrated liquid helium loading system which is integrated with a helium liquefier, a liquid helium distribution valve box, a liquid helium container, a helium pressurizing unit, a low-temperature helium rewarming unit, a gas containing and purifying unit and a liquid helium filling and transferring control unit. Through cooperation of the multi-channel composite low-temperature transmission pipeline and the liquid helium transmission pipeline, intelligent regulation and control of various working modes of gas purification, pre-cooling, liquid helium accumulated liquid filling and transfer injection loading of the loading system can be achieved, the transfer injection process of liquid helium to other multiple containers can be achieved while the liquid helium is filled, large loss and waste of the liquid helium cannot be caused, and the working efficiency of the loading system is improved. Potential safety hazards such as pressure rise of a container in the liquid helium transfer injection process can be avoided, so that safe and effective distribution and efficient transfer injection of the liquid helium are realized; and meanwhile, the low-temperature helium gas in the filling and transferring processes returns to the helium liquefier, so that the cold energy of the low-temperature helium gas in the filling and transferring processes can be effectively utilized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to cryogenic liquid storage, filling and transfer technology in the field of refrigeration and cryogenics, and in particular to an integrated liquid helium loading system. Background Art

[0002] Helium is a non-renewable scarce strategic resource. Both high-purity helium and liquid helium play an extremely important role in various fields. For example, in high-tech fields such as semiconductor and chip manufacturing, high-purity and ultra-high-purity helium can be used as protective gas and electronic special gas in large quantities; in nuclear magnetic resonance equipment in the medical field, liquid helium is widely used as a coolant for superconducting coils in nuclear magnetic resonance equipment; in large scientific projects, liquid helium and supercritical helium are used as coolants for superconducting magnets or superconducting coils, which are the key to achieving superconducting state. Helium has become an indispensable key resource for national security and the development of high-tech industries, and has an important strategic position.

[0003] Compared with other cryogenic liquids, liquid helium has the characteristics of low latent heat, low density, good thermal conductivity and strong diffusivity. Internationally, after the helium liquefier or liquid helium plant produces liquid helium, only a single filling or transfer operation can be achieved in the process of filling liquid helium into a fixed liquid helium container and transferring liquid helium from a fixed liquid helium container to a liquid helium tank container or a liquid helium dewar.

[0004] At present, a large amount of liquid helium is stored in liquid helium tank containers and imported into domestic ports. It is then transported to various gas distributors through liquid helium tank containers, and then transferred from the liquid helium tank containers to the liquid helium dewar for transportation and distribution of liquid helium, or vaporized into helium and pressurized into helium cylinders or helium high-pressure tube bundle vehicles for transportation. Since large domestic helium liquefiers, fixed liquid helium containers (such as liquid helium dewars or liquid helium storage tanks) and mobile liquid helium containers (such as liquid helium tank containers) are still under development, there is still a lack of efficient combination of helium liquefiers, fixed liquid helium containers and mobile liquid helium containers, and a liquid helium loading system. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to provide an integrated liquid helium loading system and control method that can realize intelligent regulation of multiple working modes of loading system, including gas purification, precooling, liquid helium accumulation filling and transfer loading, in order to address the technical defects of the prior art that lacks the efficient combination of helium liquefier, fixed liquid helium container and mobile liquid helium container.

[0006] To solve the above problems, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] One of the objectives of the present application is to provide an integrated liquid helium loading system, including: a helium liquefier (1), a multi-channel composite cryogenic transmission pipeline (2), a liquid helium distribution valve box (3), a first liquid helium transmission pipeline (4), a first fixed liquid helium container (5), a second liquid helium transmission pipeline (7), a second fixed liquid helium container (8), a liquid helium transfer pump (10), a helium gas boosting unit (11), a first mobile liquid helium container (12), a second mobile liquid helium container (13), a cryogenic helium gas rewarming unit (14), a purge gas purification unit (15), and a liquid helium filling and transfer control unit (16), and the liquid helium filling and transfer control unit (16) is electrically connected to each of the above components; wherein:

[0008] The liquid helium generated by the helium liquefier (1) enters the liquid helium distribution valve box (3) through the multi-channel composite cryogenic transmission pipeline (2), and the liquid helium distributed by the liquid helium distribution valve box (3) is respectively used to fill the first fixed liquid helium container (5) through the first liquid helium transmission pipeline (4); and / or to fill the second fixed liquid helium container (8) through the second liquid helium transmission pipeline (7); and / or to transfer the liquid helium to the first mobile liquid helium container (12) through the liquid helium transfer pump (10); and / or to transfer the liquid helium to the second mobile liquid helium container (13) through the helium gas boosting system (11);

[0009] The cryogenic helium gas rewarming unit (14) is connected to the liquid helium distribution valve box (3) through a pipeline to achieve cryogenic return gas rewarming; the purge gas purification unit (15) is connected to the multi-channel composite cryogenic transmission pipeline (2) through a pipeline for charging and discharging the multi-channel composite cryogenic transmission pipeline (2) and can charge and discharge the liquid helium distribution valve box (3) by adjusting the valve.

[0010] In some embodiments, the liquefaction cycle of the helium liquefier (1) can be based on the Claude cycle, the modified Claude cycle, the Collins cycle with two-stage turbines, the Collins cycle with multiple stages (2 < n ≤ 6) of turbines, or a combination of the modified Claude cycle and the Collins cycle with multiple stages (2 < n ≤ 6) of turbines.

[0011] In some embodiments, the helium liquefier (1) has a 4.5K saturated helium gas return pipeline Boyonet (1-1), a cryogenic solenoid valve (1-2), a 30K temperature zone cryogenic helium gas return pipeline Boyonet (1-3), a cryogenic solenoid valve (1-4), an 80K temperature zone cryogenic helium gas return pipeline Boyonet (1-5), a cryogenic solenoid valve (1-6), and a throttle valve (1-7).

[0012] In some of the embodiments, the multi-channel composite cryogenic transmission pipeline (2) includes a 4.5K liquid helium pipeline (2-1), a 4.5K saturated helium gas return pipeline (2-2), a 30K temperature zone cryogenic helium gas return pipeline (2-3) and an 80K temperature zone cryogenic helium gas return pipeline (2-4).

[0013] In some of the embodiments, it also includes an insulating support (2-5), the insulating support (2-5) is made of G10 fiberglass, and the insulating support (2-5) is in three-point contact with the 4.5K saturated helium gas return pipeline (2-2), the 30K temperature zone low-temperature helium gas return pipeline (2-3) and the 80K temperature zone low-temperature helium gas return pipeline (2-4).

[0014] In some of the embodiments, the outer layers of the 4.5K saturated helium gas return pipeline (2-2), the 30K temperature zone low-temperature helium gas return pipeline (2-3) and the 80K temperature zone low-temperature helium gas return pipeline (2-4) are wrapped with a multi-layer insulation material (2-6). The multi-layer insulation material (2-6) can be a composite aluminum foil or a hollow glass microsphere material. The multi-layer insulation material (2-6) can be wrapped with equal density or variable density.

[0015] In some embodiments, the liquid helium distribution valve box (3) comprises a valve box flange cover plate (3-1), a valve box cylinder (3-2), a first filling and transfer regulating unit (3-3) and a second filling and transfer regulating unit (3-4), wherein:

[0016] The valve box flange cover plate (3-1) is placed on the valve box cylinder (3-2) and copper pads or O-shaped sealing rings are used therebetween and fastened with bolt through holes to form a high vacuum insulation cylinder;

[0017] The first filling and transfer regulating unit (3-3) comprises a first liquid helium filling pipeline (3-3-2), a first liquid helium transfer pipeline (3-3-4) and a first low-temperature helium gas return pipe system (3-3-6); the first liquid helium filling pipeline (3-3-2) is provided with a first filling regulating valve (3-3-1); the first liquid helium transfer pipeline (3-3-4) is provided with a first transfer regulating valve (3-3-3); the first low-temperature helium gas return pipe system (3-3-6) comprises a plurality of low-temperature helium gas return pipes and any one of the low-temperature helium gas return pipes is provided with a return gas temperature control regulating valve, the return gas temperature control regulating valve constituting a first return gas temperature control regulating valve group (3-3-5); the outer surfaces of the first liquid helium filling pipeline (3-3-2), the first liquid helium transfer pipeline (3-3-4) and the first low-temperature helium gas return pipe system (3-3-6) are covered with multiple layers of thermal insulation material;

[0018] The second filling and transfer regulating unit (3-4) comprises a second liquid helium filling pipeline (3-4-2), a second liquid helium transfer pipeline (3-4-4) and a second low-temperature helium return pipe system (3-4-6); the second liquid helium filling pipeline (3-4-2) is provided with a second filling regulating valve (3-4-1); the second liquid helium transfer pipeline (3-4-4) is provided with a second transfer regulating valve (3-4-3); the second low-temperature helium return pipe system (3-4-6) comprises a plurality of low-temperature helium return pipes and any one of the low-temperature helium return pipes is provided with a filling regulating valve, the filling regulating valves constitute a second return air temperature control regulating valve group (3-4-5); the outer surfaces of the second liquid helium filling pipeline (3-4-2), the second liquid helium transfer pipeline (3-4-4) and the second low-temperature helium return pipe system (3-4-6) are covered with multiple layers of thermal insulation material.

[0019] It can be understood that in practice, as the number of fixed liquid helium containers or mobile liquid helium containers increases, the number of filling and transfer control units also increases accordingly.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first return air temperature control regulating valve group (3-3-5) is placed in front of the first low-temperature helium return air pipe system (3-3-6), and the first return air temperature control regulating valve group (3-3-5) can be controlled to open according to the return air temperature to realize low-temperature helium return air in different temperature zones of 30K, 80K and 300K in the first low-temperature helium return air pipe system (3-3-6); the second return air temperature control regulating valve group (3-4-5) is placed in front of the second low-temperature helium return air pipe system (3-4-6), and the second return air temperature control regulating valve group (3-4-5) can be controlled to open according to the return air temperature to realize low-temperature helium return air in different temperature zones of 30K, 80K and 300K in the second low-temperature helium return air pipe system (3-4-6).

[0021] In some embodiments, the first fixed liquid helium container (5) may be a vertical liquid helium container or a horizontal liquid helium storage tank; the first fixed liquid helium container (5) has a built-in liquid level measuring device (5-1), a helium pressurizing pipeline (5-2), a helium pressurizing pipeline valve (5-3) and a safety accessory (5-4); the helium pressurizing pipeline (5-2) is provided with the helium pressurizing pipeline valve (5-3); liquid helium enters the first fixed liquid helium container (5) through the helium pressurizing pipeline (5-2).

[0022] In some embodiments, the second fixed liquid helium container (8) may be a vertical liquid helium dewar or a vertical or horizontal liquid helium storage tank. The second fixed liquid helium container (8) has a built-in liquid level measuring device (8-1), a helium pressurizing pipeline (8-2), a helium pressurizing pipeline valve (8-3) and a safety accessory (8-4). The helium pressurizing pipeline (8-2) is provided with the helium pressurizing pipeline valve (8-3), and liquid helium enters the second fixed liquid helium container (8) through the helium pressurizing pipeline (8-2).

[0023] It can be understood that the first fixed liquid helium container (5) and the second fixed liquid helium container (8) can be used in the form of two vertical liquid helium containers and two large-capacity horizontal liquid helium storage tanks, or in the form of a combination of one vertical liquid helium container and one large-capacity horizontal liquid helium storage tank.

[0024] In some of the embodiments, the helium pressurizing unit (11) comprises an external helium buffer tank interface valve (11-1) or a high-pressure gas cylinder (group) interface valve (11-2), which is used to realize internal pressurization of the first fixed liquid helium container (5) and / or the second fixed liquid helium container (8) during the transfer process.

[0025] In some of the embodiments, the first mobile liquid helium container (12) may be a mobile liquid helium dewar, a liquid helium tank container or a liquid helium tank truck, and is used to transfer liquid helium from the first fixed liquid helium container (5) and / or the second fixed liquid helium container (8) to the first mobile liquid helium container (12).

[0026] In some of the embodiments, the second mobile liquid helium container (13) may be a mobile liquid helium dewar, a liquid helium tank container or a liquid helium tank truck, and is used to transfer liquid helium from the first fixed liquid helium container (5) and / or the second fixed liquid helium container (8) to the first mobile liquid helium container (12).

[0027] It can be understood that the first mobile liquid helium container (12) and the second mobile liquid helium container (13) can be formed by two mobile liquid helium dewars, liquid helium tank containers or liquid helium tank trucks, or can be formed by a combination of one mobile liquid helium dewar, one liquid helium tank container or one liquid helium tank truck.

[0028] In some embodiments, the low-temperature helium gas rewarming unit (14) comprises a vacuum heater (14-1), a vaporizer (14-2) or a combination of the two; the vacuum heater (14-1) and the vaporizer (14-2) are connected to the liquid helium distribution valve box (3) via a pipeline, so as to realize the low-temperature gas rewarming function.

[0029] In some of the embodiments, the gas placement and purification unit (15) includes a high-purity nitrogen replacement unit (15-1), a high-purity helium gas placement unit (15-2), a vacuum pump group (15-3) and an external purifier (15-4), and the vacuum pump group (15-3) is used to drive the high-purity nitrogen replacement unit (15-1), the high-purity helium gas placement unit (15-2) and the external purifier (15-4).

[0030] In some of the embodiments, the liquid helium filling and transfer control unit (16) includes a liquid helium filling control unit (16-1), a liquid helium transfer control unit (16-2), a pressurization control unit (16-3), and a low-temperature return gas reheating control unit (16-4), which can realize intelligent control of multiple working modes of the loading system, including gas purification, precooling, liquid helium accumulating filling, and transfer loading.

[0031] This application adopts the above technical solution, and its beneficial effects are as follows:

[0032] The integrated liquid helium loading system provided by the present application integrates a helium liquefier, a liquid helium distribution valve box, a liquid helium container, a helium booster unit, a cryogenic helium rewarming unit, a gas placement and purification unit, and a liquid helium filling and transfer control unit. By cooperating with a multi-channel composite cryogenic transmission pipeline and a liquid helium transmission pipeline, the intelligent regulation of multiple working modes of the loading system, such as gas placement and purification, precooling, liquid helium accumulation and filling, and transfer loading, can be realized. The liquid helium can be transferred to multiple other containers at the same time as the liquid helium is filled, without causing a large amount of loss and waste of liquid helium, and can also avoid the safety hazards of increased container pressure during the liquid helium transfer process, thereby realizing safe and effective distribution and efficient transfer of liquid helium; at the same time, the cryogenic helium in the filling and transfer process is returned to the helium liquefier, so that the cold energy of the cryogenic helium in the filling and transfer process can be effectively utilized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an integrated liquid helium loading system provided in Example 1 of the present application.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an integrated liquid helium loading system provided in Example 2 of the present application.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an integrated liquid helium loading system provided in Example 3 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0038] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0039] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0040] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] See also Figure 1 The integrated liquid helium loading system provided in this embodiment 1 includes a helium liquefier 1, a multi-channel composite cryogenic transmission pipeline 2, a liquid helium distribution valve box 3, a first liquid helium transmission pipeline 4, a first fixed liquid helium container 5, a first cryogenic helium gas return pipeline 6, a second liquid helium transmission pipeline 7, a second fixed liquid helium container 8, a first cryogenic helium gas return pipeline 9, a liquid helium delivery pump 10, a helium gas pressurization system 11, a first mobile liquid helium container 12, a second mobile liquid helium container 13, a cryogenic helium gas rewarming system 14, a gas placement and purification system 15, and a liquid helium filling and transfer control system 16.

[0043] The working principle is as follows: open the internal valve of the loading system, start the gas purification system 15, open the high-purity nitrogen replacement unit 15-1 to charge and exhaust for 3 times; close the high-purity nitrogen replacement unit 15-1, open the vacuum pump group 15-3 to evacuate to 10Pa level; close the vacuum pump group, open the high-purity helium gas unit 15-2 to charge and exhaust for 3 times, and complete the gasification of the loading system. Then open the external purifier 15-4 to purify the loading system. When the gas purity of N2, H2O and C in the loading system is x H y The total content is less than 5vpm, completing the system purification working mode.

[0044] The helium liquefier 1 is turned on to start, and the system self-checks and interlocks are reset. The helium liquefier 1 gradually cools down and reaches the helium liquefaction temperature, and the first filling regulating valve 3-3-1 in the liquid helium distribution valve box 3 is opened, and the low-temperature helium passes through the multi-channel composite low-temperature transmission pipeline 2, the first liquid helium filling pipeline 3-3-2 and the first liquid helium transmission pipeline 4 in turn, and enters the first fixed liquid helium container 5, and pre-cools the pipeline and the container, and gradually completes the pre-cooling working mode. When the temperature behind the throttle valve 1-7 reaches the liquid helium temperature, continuous liquid accumulation begins. When the liquid level in the first fixed liquid helium container 5 accumulates to a certain liquid level height, the liquid helium accumulation and filling working mode is completed.

[0045] In the transfer working mode, liquid helium can be transferred from the first fixed liquid helium container 5 or the second fixed liquid helium container 8 to the first mobile liquid helium container 12 or the second mobile liquid helium container 13. This process can be quickly transferred by the cooperation of the pump and the valve. When the first fixed liquid helium container 5 is transferred to the first mobile liquid helium container 12, the liquid helium delivery pump 10-1 is turned on, the first transfer regulating valve 3-3-3 is turned on, and the first return air temperature control regulating valve group 3-3-5 is turned on according to the internal temperature, so as to realize the low-temperature helium return of 30K, 80K and 300K different temperature zones in the first low-temperature helium return pipe system 3-3-6, and complete the transfer process. When transferring from the second fixed liquid helium container 8 to the first mobile liquid helium container 12, the liquid helium delivery pump 10-1 is turned on, the second transfer regulating valve 3-4-3 is turned on, and the second return air temperature control regulating valve group 3-4-5 is turned on according to the internal temperature, so as to realize the low-temperature helium return of 30K, 80K and 300K different temperature zones in the second low-temperature helium return pipe system 3-4-6, and complete the transfer process.

[0046] When liquid helium is transferred from the first fixed liquid helium container 5 to the second mobile liquid helium container 13. This process can be achieved by the cooperation of the pump and the valve to achieve rapid transfer. The liquid helium delivery pump 10-2 is turned on, the first transfer regulating valve 3-3-3 is turned on, and the first return air temperature control regulating valve group 3-3-5 is turned on according to the internal temperature, so as to realize the return of low-temperature helium in different temperature zones of 30K, 80K and 300K in the first low-temperature helium return pipe system 3-3-6, and complete the transfer process. When liquid helium is transferred from the second fixed liquid helium container 8 to the second mobile liquid helium container 13, the liquid helium delivery terminal 10-2 is opened, the second transfer regulating valve 3-4-3 is opened, and the second return air temperature control regulating valve group 3-4-5 is opened according to the internal temperature, so as to realize the return of low-temperature helium gas in different temperature zones of 30K, 80K and 300K in the second low-temperature helium return pipe system 3-4-6, and complete the transfer process. At this point, the integrated liquid helium loading system has realized multiple working modes of gas purification, precooling, liquid helium accumulation filling and transfer loading.

[0047] The integrated liquid helium loading system provided in the above-mentioned embodiment 1 of the present application integrates a helium liquefier, a liquid helium distribution valve box, a liquid helium container, a helium booster unit, a cryogenic helium rewarming unit, a gas placement and purification unit, and a liquid helium filling and transfer control unit. By cooperating with a multi-channel composite cryogenic transmission pipeline and a liquid helium transmission pipeline, the loading system can realize intelligent regulation of gas placement and purification, precooling, liquid helium accumulation and filling, and transfer loading of multiple working modes. While filling liquid helium, the liquid helium can be transferred to multiple other containers without causing a large amount of loss and waste of liquid helium, and the safety hazards such as increased container pressure during the liquid helium transfer process can be avoided, thereby realizing safe and effective distribution and efficient transfer of liquid helium; at the same time, the low-temperature helium in the filling and transfer process returns to the helium liquefier, which can effectively utilize the cold energy of the low-temperature helium in the filling and transfer process.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] See also Figure 2 , which is another specific embodiment of a simplified integrated liquid helium loading system provided in Example 2 of the present application. The simplified integrated liquid helium loading system includes a helium liquefier 1, a multi-channel composite cryogenic transmission pipeline 2, a liquid helium distribution valve box 3, a first liquid helium transmission pipeline 4, a first fixed liquid helium container 5, a first cryogenic helium return pipeline 6, a liquid helium delivery pump 10, a helium booster system 11, a first mobile liquid helium container 12, a cryogenic helium rewarming system 14, a system gas placement and purification system 15, and a liquid helium filling and transfer control system 16.

[0050] The working principle is as follows: open the internal valve of the loading system, start the gas placement and purification system 15, complete the gas placement and purification of the loading system through replacement, and when the gas purity of N2, H2O and C in the loading system is xH y The total content is less than 5vpm, completing the system purification working mode.

[0051] Then, the helium liquefier 1 is turned on to perform a system self-check and interlock reset. The helium liquefier 1 gradually cools down and reaches the helium liquefaction temperature. The first filling regulating valve 3-3-1 in the liquid helium distribution valve box 3 is opened, and the low-temperature helium passes through the multi-channel composite low-temperature transmission pipeline 2, the first liquid helium filling pipeline 3-3-2 and the first liquid helium transmission pipeline 4 in turn, and enters the first fixed liquid helium container 5, and the pipeline and container are pre-cooled and cooled, and the pre-cooling working mode is gradually completed. When the temperature behind the throttle valve 1-7 reaches the liquid helium temperature, continuous liquid accumulation begins. When the liquid level in the first fixed liquid helium container 5 accumulates to a certain liquid level height, the liquid helium accumulation and filling working mode is completed.

[0052] In the transfer working mode, liquid helium can be transferred from the first fixed liquid helium container 5 to the first mobile liquid helium container 12. This process can be quickly transferred by the cooperation of the pump and the valve. First, the 10-1 liquid helium delivery pump is turned on, the first transfer regulating valve 3-3-3 is turned on, and the first return air temperature control regulating valve group 3-3-5 is turned on according to the internal temperature, so as to realize the return of low-temperature helium in different temperature zones of 30K, 80K and 300K in the first low-temperature helium return pipe system 3-3-6, and complete the transfer process.

[0053] At this point, the simplified integrated liquid helium loading system has realized multiple working modes including gas purification, pre-cooling, liquid helium accumulation and filling, and transfer and loading.

[0054] The integrated liquid helium loading system provided in the above-mentioned embodiment 2 of the present application integrates a helium liquefier, a liquid helium distribution valve box, a liquid helium container, a helium pressurizing unit, a cryogenic helium rewarming unit, a gas placement and purification unit, and a liquid helium filling and transfer control unit. By cooperating with a multi-channel composite cryogenic transmission pipeline and a liquid helium transmission pipeline, the loading system can realize intelligent regulation of gas placement and purification, precooling, liquid helium accumulation and filling, and transfer loading of multiple working modes. While filling liquid helium, the liquid helium can be transferred to multiple other containers without causing a large amount of loss and waste of liquid helium, and the safety hazards such as increased container pressure during the liquid helium transfer process can be avoided, thereby realizing safe and effective distribution and efficient transfer of liquid helium; at the same time, the low-temperature helium in the filling and transfer process returns to the helium liquefier, which can effectively utilize the cold energy of the low-temperature helium in the filling and transfer process.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] See also Figure 3 , is a structural schematic diagram of the integrated liquid helium loading system provided in Example 3 of the present application, which can realize a specific embodiment of more than three sets of liquid helium loading systems.

[0057] In this embodiment, the liquid helium loading system includes a helium liquefier 1, a multi-channel composite cryogenic transmission pipeline 2, a liquid helium distribution valve box 3, a first liquid helium transmission pipeline 4, a first fixed liquid helium container 5, a first cryogenic helium gas return pipeline 6, a second liquid helium transmission pipeline 7, a second fixed liquid helium container 8, a first cryogenic helium gas return pipeline 9, a third fixed liquid helium container 17, a third cryogenic helium gas return pipeline 18, a liquid helium delivery pump 10, a helium gas pressurization system 11, a first mobile liquid helium container 12, a second mobile liquid helium container 13, a third mobile liquid helium container 19, a cryogenic helium gas rewarming system 14, a gas placement and purification system 15, and a liquid helium filling and transfer control system 16.

[0058] The working principle is as follows: open the internal valve of the loading system, start the gas placement and purification system 15, complete the gas placement and purification of the loading system through replacement, and when the gas purity of N2, H2O and C in the loading system is x H y The total content is less than 5vpm, completing the system purification working mode.

[0059] Then, the helium liquefier 1 is turned on to perform a system self-check and interlock reset. The helium liquefier 1 is gradually cooled down to the helium liquefaction temperature, the first filling regulating valve 3-3-1 in the liquid helium distribution valve box 3 is opened, and the low-temperature helium passes through the multi-channel composite low-temperature transmission pipeline 2, the first liquid helium filling pipeline 3-3-2 and the first liquid helium transmission pipeline 4 in turn, and enters the first fixed liquid helium container 5, and the pipeline and container are pre-cooled and cooled, and then the above valves and flow channels are closed, the second filling regulating valve 3-4-1 in the liquid helium distribution valve box 3 is opened, and the low-temperature helium passes through the multi-channel composite low-temperature transmission pipeline 2, the first liquid helium filling pipeline 3-3-2 and the first liquid helium transmission pipeline 4 in turn, and enters the first fixed liquid helium container 5, and the pipeline and container are pre-cooled and cooled, and then the above valves and flow channels are closed, and the second filling regulating valve 3-4-1 in the liquid helium distribution valve box 3 is opened, and the low-temperature helium passes through the first fixed liquid helium container 5 in turn. The multi-channel composite cryogenic transmission pipeline 2, the 2# liquid helium filling pipeline 3-4-2 and the second liquid helium transmission pipeline 4 enter the second fixed liquid helium container 8, then close the above valves and flow channels, open the third filling regulating valve 3-5-1 in the liquid helium distribution valve box 3, and the cryogenic helium passes through the multi-channel composite cryogenic transmission pipeline 3, the 3# liquid helium filling pipeline 3-5-2 and the third liquid helium transmission pipeline 4 in turn, and enters the third fixed liquid helium container 17 to gradually complete the pre-cooling working mode. When the temperature behind the throttle valve 1-7 reaches the liquid helium temperature, continuous liquid accumulation begins. When the liquid level in the first fixed liquid helium container 5, the second fixed liquid helium container 8 and the third fixed liquid helium container 17 accumulates to a certain liquid level height, the liquid helium accumulation and filling working mode is completed.

[0060] In the transfer working mode, the first fixed liquid helium container 5, the second fixed liquid helium container 8 or the third fixed liquid helium container 17 can transfer liquid helium to the first mobile liquid helium container 12, the second mobile liquid helium container 13 or the third mobile liquid helium container 19 respectively. This process can achieve rapid transfer by cooperating with the pump and the valve. During the period, rapid transfer can be achieved by cooperating with the pump and the valve. When the first fixed liquid helium container 5 transfers to the first mobile liquid helium container 12, the 10-1 liquid helium delivery pump is turned on, the first transfer regulating valve 3-3-3 is turned on, and the first return air temperature control regulating valve group 3-3-5 is turned on according to the internal temperature, so as to realize the low-temperature helium return gas of 30K, 80K and 300K different temperature zones in the first low-temperature helium return gas pipe system 3-3-6, and complete the transfer process. When transferring from the first fixed liquid helium container 5 to the second mobile liquid helium container 13, the liquid helium delivery pump 10-2 is turned on, the first transfer regulating valve 3-3-3 is turned on, and the first return air temperature control regulating valve group 3-3-5 is turned on according to the internal temperature, so as to realize the return of low-temperature helium in different temperature zones of 30K, 80K and 300K in the first low-temperature helium return pipe system 3-3-6, and complete the transfer process. When transferring from the first fixed liquid helium container 5 to the third mobile liquid helium container 19, the liquid helium delivery pump 10-3 is turned on, the first transfer regulating valve 3-3-3 is turned on, and the first return air temperature control regulating valve group 3-3-5 is turned on according to the internal temperature, so as to realize the return of low-temperature helium in different temperature zones of 30K, 80K and 300K in the first low-temperature helium return pipe system 3-3-6, and complete the transfer process.

[0061] When the second fixed liquid helium container 8 transfers liquid helium to the first mobile liquid helium container 12, the 10-1 liquid helium delivery pump is turned on, the second transfer regulating valve 3-4-3 is turned on, and the second return air temperature control regulating valve group 3-4-5 is turned on according to the internal temperature, so as to realize the return of low-temperature helium in different temperature zones of 30K, 80K and 300K in the second low-temperature helium return pipe system 3-4-6, and the transfer process is completed. When the second fixed liquid helium container 8 transfers liquid helium to the 2# mobile liquid helium container 13, the liquid helium delivery pump 10-2 is turned on, the second transfer regulating valve 3-4-3 is turned on, and the second return air temperature control regulating valve group 3-4-5 is turned on according to the internal temperature, so as to realize the return of low-temperature helium in different temperature zones of 30K, 80K and 300K in the second low-temperature helium return pipe system 3-4-6, and the transfer process is completed. When transferring from the second fixed liquid helium container 8 to the third mobile liquid helium container 19, the liquid helium delivery pump 10-3 is turned on, the second transfer regulating valve 3-4-3 is turned on, and the second return air temperature control regulating valve group 3-4-5 is turned on according to the internal temperature conditions, thereby realizing the return of low-temperature helium in different temperature zones of 30K, 80K and 300K in the second low-temperature helium return pipe system 3-4-6, and completing the transfer process.

[0062] When the third fixed liquid helium container 17 transfers liquid helium to the first mobile liquid helium container 12, the 10-1 liquid helium delivery pump is turned on, the 3# transfer regulating valve 3-5-3 is turned on, and the third return air temperature control regulating valve group 3-5-5 is turned on according to the internal temperature, so as to realize the return of low-temperature helium in different temperature zones of 30K, 80K and 300K in the 3# low-temperature helium return pipe system 3-5-6, and complete the transfer process. When the third fixed liquid helium container 17 transfers liquid helium to the second mobile liquid helium container 13, the liquid helium delivery pump 10-2 is turned on, the 3# transfer regulating valve 3-5-3 is turned on, and the 3# return air temperature control regulating valve group 3-5-5 is turned on according to the internal temperature, so as to realize the return of low-temperature helium in different temperature zones of 30K, 80K and 300K in the 3# low-temperature helium return pipe system 3-5-6, and complete the transfer process. When transferring from the third fixed liquid helium container 17 to the third mobile liquid helium container 19, the liquid helium delivery pump 10-3 is turned on, the 3# transfer regulating valve 3-4-3 is turned on, and the first return air temperature control regulating valve group 3-5-5 is turned on according to the internal temperature, so as to realize the return of low-temperature helium in different temperature zones of 30K, 80K and 300K in the third low-temperature helium return pipe system 3-5-6, and complete the transfer process. So far, more than three sets of liquid helium loading systems have been realized, including gas purification, precooling, liquid helium accumulation filling and transfer loading.

[0063] The integrated liquid helium loading system provided in the above-mentioned embodiment 3 of the present application integrates a helium liquefier, a liquid helium distribution valve box, a liquid helium container, a helium booster unit, a cryogenic helium rewarming unit, a gas placement and purification unit, and a liquid helium filling and transfer control unit. By cooperating with a multi-channel composite cryogenic transmission pipeline and a liquid helium transmission pipeline, the loading system can realize intelligent regulation of gas placement and purification, precooling, liquid helium accumulation and filling, and transfer loading of multiple working modes. While filling liquid helium, the liquid helium can be transferred to multiple other containers without causing a large amount of loss and waste of liquid helium, and the safety hazards such as increased container pressure during the liquid helium transfer process can be avoided, thereby realizing safe and effective distribution and efficient transfer of liquid helium; at the same time, the low-temperature helium in the filling and transfer process returns to the helium liquefier, which can effectively utilize the cold energy of the low-temperature helium in the filling and transfer process.

[0064] It can be understood that the technical features of the above-described embodiments can be arbitrarily combined. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0065] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and only specifically describe the technical principles of the present application. These descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present application and cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of protection of the present application in any way. Based on the explanation here, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application, and other specific implementation methods of the present application that can be associated with the technicians in this field without creative work, should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An integrated liquid helium loading system, characterized in that: include: A helium liquefier (1), a multi-channel composite cryogenic transmission pipeline (2), a liquid helium distribution valve box (3), a first liquid helium transmission pipeline (4), a first fixed liquid helium container (5), a second liquid helium transmission pipeline (7), a second fixed liquid helium container (8), a liquid helium delivery pump (10), a helium booster unit (11), a first mobile liquid helium container (12), a second mobile liquid helium container (13), a cryogenic helium rewarming unit (14), a gas purification unit (15), and a liquid helium filling and transfer control unit (16), wherein the liquid helium filling and transfer control unit (16) is electrically connected to the above-mentioned components; wherein: The liquid helium generated by the helium liquefier (1) enters the liquid helium distribution valve box (3) through the multi-channel composite cryogenic transmission pipeline (2), and the liquid helium distributed by the liquid helium distribution valve box (3) is then respectively used to add liquid helium to the first fixed liquid helium container (5) through the first liquid helium transmission pipeline (4); and / or to add liquid helium to the second fixed liquid helium container (8) through the second liquid helium transmission pipeline (7); and / or to transfer liquid helium to the first mobile liquid helium container (12) through the liquid helium delivery pump (10); and / or to transfer liquid helium to the second mobile liquid helium container (13) through the helium booster system (11); The low-temperature helium gas rewarming unit (14) is connected to the liquid helium distribution valve box (3) via a pipeline, and can realize low-temperature gas return and rewarming; the gas placement and purification unit (15) is connected to the multi-channel composite low-temperature transmission pipeline (2) via a pipeline, and is used to fill and exhaust the multi-channel composite low-temperature transmission pipeline (2), and can fill and exhaust the liquid helium distribution valve box (3) through an adjustable valve.

2. The integrated liquid helium loading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquefaction cycle of the helium liquefier (1) can be based on the Claude cycle, the modified Claude cycle, the Collins cycle with a two-stage turbine, the Collins cycle with a multi-stage turbine, or the modified Claude cycle with a multi-stage turbine combined with the Collins cycle, wherein the number of the multi-stages is greater than 2 and less than or equal to 6.

3. The integrated liquid helium loading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The helium liquefier (1) comprises a 4.5K saturated helium gas return pipeline Boyonet (1-1), a cryogenic solenoid valve (1-2), a 30K temperature range cryogenic helium gas return pipeline Boyonet (1-3), a cryogenic solenoid valve (1-4), an 80K temperature range cryogenic helium gas return pipeline Boyonet (1-5), a cryogenic solenoid valve (1-6) and a throttle valve (1-7).

4. The integrated liquid helium loading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-channel composite cryogenic transmission pipeline (2) comprises a 4.5K liquid helium pipeline (2-1), a 4.5K saturated helium gas return pipeline (2-2), a 30K temperature range cryogenic helium gas return pipeline (2-3) and an 80K temperature range cryogenic helium gas return pipeline (2-4).

5. The integrated liquid helium loading system according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes an insulating support (2-5), the insulating support (2-5) is made of G10 glass fiber reinforced plastic, and the insulating support (2-5) is in three-point contact with the 4.5K saturated helium gas return pipeline (2-2), the 30K temperature zone low-temperature helium gas return pipeline (2-3) and the 80K temperature zone low-temperature helium gas return pipeline (2-4).

6. The integrated liquid helium loading system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer layers of the 4.5K saturated helium gas return pipeline (2-2), the 30K temperature zone low-temperature helium gas return pipeline (2-3) and the 80K temperature zone low-temperature helium gas return pipeline (2-4) are wrapped with a multi-layer insulation material (2-6). The multi-layer insulation material (2-6) can be a composite aluminum foil or a hollow glass microsphere material. The multi-layer insulation material (2-6) can be wrapped with equal density or variable density.

7. The integrated liquid helium loading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid helium distribution valve box (3) comprises a valve box flange cover plate (3-1), a valve box cylinder (3-2), a first filling and transfer regulating unit (3-3) and a second filling and transfer regulating unit (3-4), wherein: The valve box flange cover plate (3-1) is placed on the valve box cylinder (3-2) and copper pads or O-shaped sealing rings are used therebetween and fastened with bolt through holes to form a high vacuum insulation cylinder; The first filling and transfer regulating unit (3-3) comprises a first liquid helium filling pipeline (3-3-2), a first liquid helium transfer pipeline (3-3-4) and a first low-temperature helium gas return pipe system (3-3-6); the first liquid helium filling pipeline (3-3-2) is provided with a first filling regulating valve (3-3-1); the first liquid helium transfer pipeline (3-3-4) is provided with a first transfer regulating valve (3-3-3); the first low-temperature helium gas return pipe system (3-3-6) comprises a plurality of low-temperature helium gas return pipes and any one of the low-temperature helium gas return pipes is provided with a return gas temperature control regulating valve, the return gas temperature control regulating valve constituting a first return gas temperature control regulating valve group (3-3-5); the outer surfaces of the first liquid helium filling pipeline (3-3-2), the first liquid helium transfer pipeline (3-3-4) and the first low-temperature helium gas return pipe system (3-3-6) are covered with multiple layers of thermal insulation material; The second filling and transfer regulating unit (3-4) comprises a second liquid helium filling pipeline (3-4-2), a second liquid helium transfer pipeline (3-4-4) and a second low-temperature helium return pipe system (3-4-6); the second liquid helium filling pipeline (3-4-2) is provided with a second filling regulating valve (3-4-1); the second liquid helium transfer pipeline (3-4-4) is provided with a second transfer regulating valve (3-4-3); the second low-temperature helium return pipe system (3-4-6) comprises a plurality of low-temperature helium return pipes and any one of the low-temperature helium return pipes is provided with a filling regulating valve, the filling regulating valves constitute a second return air temperature control regulating valve group (3-4-5); the outer surfaces of the second liquid helium filling pipeline (3-4-2), the second liquid helium transfer pipeline (3-4-4) and the second low-temperature helium return pipe system (3-4-6) are covered with multiple layers of thermal insulation material.

8. The integrated liquid helium loading system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first return air temperature control regulating valve group (3-3-5) is arranged in front of the first low-temperature helium return air pipe system (3-3-6), and the first return air temperature control regulating valve group (3-3-5) can be controlled to open according to the return air temperature to realize low-temperature helium return air in different temperature zones of 30K, 80K and 300K in the first low-temperature helium return air pipe system (3-3-6); the second return air temperature control regulating valve group (3-4-5) is arranged in front of the second low-temperature helium return air pipe system (3-4-6), and the second return air temperature control regulating valve group (3-4-5) can be controlled to open according to the return air temperature to realize low-temperature helium return air in different temperature zones of 30K, 80K and 300K in the second low-temperature helium return air pipe system (3-4-6).

9. The integrated liquid helium loading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fixed liquid helium container (5) may be a vertical liquid helium container or a horizontal liquid helium storage tank. The first fixed liquid helium container (5) is internally provided with a liquid level measuring device (5-1), a helium pressurizing pipeline (5-2), a helium pressurizing pipeline valve (5-3) and a safety accessory (5-4). The helium pressurizing pipeline (5-2) is provided with the helium pressurizing pipeline valve (5-3). Liquid helium enters the first fixed liquid helium container (5) through the helium pressurizing pipeline (5-2).

10. The integrated liquid helium loading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second fixed liquid helium container (8) may be a vertical liquid helium dewar or a vertical or horizontal liquid helium storage tank. The second fixed liquid helium container (8) is equipped with a liquid level measuring device (8-1), a helium pressurizing pipeline (8-2), a helium pressurizing pipeline valve (8-3) and a safety accessory (8-4). The helium pressurizing pipeline (8-2) is provided with the helium pressurizing pipeline valve (8-3). Liquid helium enters the second fixed liquid helium container (8) through the helium pressurizing pipeline (8-2).

11. The integrated liquid helium loading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The helium pressurizing unit (11) comprises an external helium buffer tank interface valve (11-1) or a high-pressure gas cylinder (group) interface valve (11-2), which is used to realize internal pressurization of the first fixed liquid helium container (5) and / or the second fixed liquid helium container (8) during the transfer process.

12. The integrated liquid helium loading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first mobile liquid helium container (12) may be a mobile liquid helium dewar, a liquid helium tank container or a liquid helium tank truck, and is used to transfer liquid helium from the first fixed liquid helium container (5) and / or the second fixed liquid helium container (8) to the first mobile liquid helium container (12).

13. The integrated liquid helium loading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second mobile liquid helium container (13) may be a mobile liquid helium dewar, a liquid helium tank container or a liquid helium tank truck, and is used to transfer liquid helium from the first fixed liquid helium container (5) and / or the second fixed liquid helium container (8) to the first mobile liquid helium container (12).

14. The integrated liquid helium loading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-temperature helium gas rewarming unit (14) comprises a vacuum heater (14-1), a vaporizer (14-2) or a combination of the two; the vacuum heater (14-1) and the vaporizer (14-2) are connected to the liquid helium distribution valve box (3) via a pipeline, and can realize low-temperature gas rewarming and rewarming functions.

15. The integrated liquid helium loading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas placement and purification unit (15) comprises a high-purity nitrogen replacement unit (15-1), a high-purity helium gas placement unit (15-2), a vacuum pump group (15-3) and an external purifier (15-4), wherein the vacuum pump group (15-3) is used to drive the high-purity nitrogen replacement unit (15-1), the high-purity helium gas placement unit (15-2) and the external purifier (15-4).

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