Power transmission line lightning arrester arrangement optimization method and optimization device

Abstract

The invention provides a power transmission line lightning arrester arrangement optimization method and optimization device, and the method comprises the steps: building: building an electromagnetic transient simulation model; a model calculation step: performing simulation calculation on the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data; a lightning-resistant level calculation step: determining the lightning-resistant level of the power system according to the simulation data, the lightning-resistant level being the maximum lightning current amplitude when flashover does not occur in the insulator; an optimization step: adjusting lightning arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, sequentially repeating the model calculation step and the lightning resistance level calculation step for at least one time, and determining the highest lightning resistance level of the power system; and a laying step: laying the lightning arresters of the power system according to the lightning arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the highest lightning resistance level. The method solves the problem that the lightning protection level of the power system cannot be effectively improved due to unreasonable configuration of the lightning arrester in the power system in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of lightning protection for electric power systems, and in particular to a method for optimizing the arrangement of lightning arresters for power transmission lines, an optimization device, a computer-readable storage medium, a computer program product, and a system for optimizing the arrangement of lightning arresters for power transmission lines. Background Art

[0002] Transmission lines are extremely susceptible to direct lightning strikes or induced lightning during lightning weather, resulting in equipment damage, power outages, and even safety accidents. By evaluating the configuration and performance of lightning arresters through simulation calculation methods, the layout of lightning arresters can be systematically optimized, thereby significantly improving the line's ability to withstand lightning. The type, quantity, and specific installation location of lightning arresters directly affect their protection effect. Through simulation, the response and tolerance of lightning arresters under different lightning conditions can be accurately calculated, so as to scientifically select the appropriate type of lightning arrester and determine its optimal layout plan to achieve balanced protection for the entire line.

[0003] Many lightning resistance level simulations in the existing technology rely on overly simplified or idealized models. These models may not be able to accurately capture actual electrical phenomena, and the single model means that only relatively simple power systems can be calculated based on the preset model. The lightning resistance level calculation results obtained are not accurate enough. At the same time, the layout of the lightning arrester is not considered, so that the lightning resistance level calculation results cannot reach the ideal value. By adjusting the lightning arrester position, the lightning resistance level calculation model is calculated for the lightning resistance level, allowing designers to predict the performance of the system by simulating different lightning scenarios and different lightning arrester installation positions before actual installation and operation. This preventive assessment helps to discover potential design defects and risk points, make timely adjustments, increase the scientificity and reliability of system design, and provide support for long-term operation and maintenance decisions. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a method for optimizing the layout of lightning arresters for power transmission lines, an optimization device, a computer-readable storage medium, a computer program product, and a system for optimizing the layout of lightning arresters for power transmission lines, so as to at least solve the problem in the prior art that the lightning protection level of the power system cannot be effectively improved due to unreasonable configuration of lightning arresters in the power system.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present application, a method for optimizing the layout of lightning arresters for power transmission lines is provided, comprising: an establishment step of establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model, wherein the electromagnetic transient simulation model is used to simulate the changes in electrical parameters of the power system in various transient electromagnetic phenomena; a model calculation step of performing simulation calculation on the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data, wherein the simulation data includes graphical waveform data of voltage and current changing with time and the flashover state of an insulator string, wherein the insulator string is an insulating component formed by a plurality of insulators connected in series; a lightning resistance level calculation step of determining the lightning resistance level of the power system according to the simulation data, wherein the lightning resistance level is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator does not flashover; an optimization step of adjusting the lightning arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeating the model calculation step and the lightning resistance level calculation step at least once in sequence, and determining the highest lightning resistance level of the power system, wherein the lightning arrester configuration parameters include the number and position of the lightning arresters of the power system and the relative distance between the lightning arresters and the pole towers; and a layout step of arranging the lightning arresters of the power system according to the lightning arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the highest lightning resistance level.

[0006] Optionally, establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model includes: establishing a lightning current module, a transmission line module, an insulator flashover module, a pole tower module and a lightning arrester module; connecting the lightning current module, the transmission line module, the insulator flashover module, the pole tower module and the lightning arrester module according to the actual operating conditions of the transmission line to obtain an electromagnetic transient simulation model, and determining the lightning strike point of the electromagnetic transient simulation model.

[0007] Optionally, establishing a lightning current module, a transmission line module, an insulator flashover module, a pole tower module and a lightning arrester module includes: selecting a Heidler function as the lightning current module, the lightning current module is used to simulate the waveform characteristics of the lightning current, and the Heidler function is Wherein, i(0,t) is the waveform function of the lightning current changing with time, η is the correction coefficient of lightning current amplitude, I 0 is the peak current of the lightning current, n is the current steepness factor, t is the duration of the lightning stroke, τ 1 is the time constant that determines the rise of the function, τ 2To determine the time constant of the function attenuation; select the JMarti overhead line model as the transmission line module, the JMarti overhead line model is a distributed parameter model that reflects the frequency-dependent parameter changes of the transmission line under the action of lightning current, and the transmission line module is used to simulate the frequency change characteristics of the transmission line under the action of the lightning current; establish an insulator flashover module, the insulator flashover module is used to determine whether the insulator string flashes under the action of the lightning current, and output the flashover state of the insulator string; select the multi-wave impedance model as the tower module, the multi-wave impedance model is the characteristics of the resistance and phase change of the electromagnetic wave during the transmission process on the tower, and the tower module is used to simulate the electromagnetic characteristics of the transmission line tower under the action of the lightning current; establish a lightning arrester module, the lightning arrester module is used to simulate the ability of the lightning arrester to absorb electrical energy under the action of the lightning current.

[0008] Optionally, an insulator flashover module is established to determine whether a flashover phenomenon occurs in an insulator string under the action of the lightning current, including: establishing a volt-second characteristic function of an insulator string Among them, U flash is the flashover voltage of the insulator string, L is the length of the insulator string, and t is the duration of the lightning strike; the flashover voltage of the insulator string is calculated according to the volt-second characteristic function of the insulator string; when the voltage difference across the insulator string is greater than the flashover voltage of the insulator string, the insulator string flashes over, and the voltage difference across the insulator string is the difference in instantaneous voltages borne by the two ends of the insulator string under the action of the lightning current; when the voltage difference across the insulator string is less than the flashover voltage of the insulator string, the insulator string does not flash over.

[0009] Optionally, determining the lightning resistance level of the power system according to the simulation data includes: setting the maximum withstand current I 1 , minimum flashover current I 2 and the first difference ΔI 1 , the maximum withstand current is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator string does not flash over under the action of lightning current, and the minimum flashover current is the minimum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator string flashes over; the first setting step is to set I 2 =I t , where I t is the current lightning current amplitude; the second setting step, under the current lightning current amplitude, when the insulator string does not flash over, let I 1 =I t ; Calculation step, calculating the minimum flashover current I 2 and the maximum withstand current I 1 The second difference ΔI is obtained2 =I 2 -I 1 ; In the second difference ΔI 2 Less than the first difference ΔI 1 In this case, the maximum withstand current I 1 Determine the lightning resistance level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model; in the second difference ΔI 2 Greater than the first difference ΔI 1 In this case, let the current lightning current amplitude of the electromagnetic transient simulation model be I t =(I 1 +I 2 ) / 2, repeat the first setting step, the second setting step and the calculation step at least once in sequence until the minimum flashover current I 2 With the maximum withstand current I 1 The difference is less than the first difference ΔI 1 .

[0010] Optionally, the configuration parameters of the lightning arrester of the electromagnetic transient simulation model are adjusted, and the model calculation step and the lightning resistance level calculation step are repeated to determine the maximum lightning resistance level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, including: establishing a particle swarm through a particle swarm algorithm, each particle in the particle swarm represents a configuration scheme for installing a lightning arrester, and the configuration scheme includes the number and position of the lightning arrester and the relative distance between the lightning arrester and the tower; calculating the lightning resistance level of each particle; adjusting the position of the particle that is not the maximum lightning resistance level until a preset number of iterations is reached or the difference between the lightning resistance levels of two iterations is less than a predetermined difference, and determining the maximum lightning resistance level of the current particle swarm as the maximum lightning resistance level.

[0011] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present application, a transmission line lightning arrester layout optimization device is provided, comprising: a first establishment unit, used to execute the establishment step, to establish an electromagnetic transient simulation model, the electromagnetic transient simulation model is used to simulate the changes in electrical parameters of the power system in various transient electromagnetic phenomena; a first calculation unit, used to execute the model calculation step, to simulate the electromagnetic transient simulation model, and obtain simulation data, the simulation data includes graphical waveform data of voltage and current changing with time and the flashover state of an insulator string, the insulator string is an insulating component composed of multiple insulators connected in series; a second calculation unit, used to perform lightning resistance level calculation step, determining the lightning resistance level of the power system according to the simulation data, the lightning resistance level being the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator does not flashover; a first control unit, for executing the optimization step, adjusting the arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeating the model calculation step and the lightning resistance level calculation step at least once in sequence, to determine the maximum lightning resistance level of the power system, the arrester configuration parameters including the number and position of the arresters of the power system and the relative distance between the arresters and the towers; a second control unit, for executing the layout step, laying out the arresters of the power system according to the arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the maximum lightning resistance level.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein when the program is executed, the method described in any one of the devices where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, any one of the methods described above is implemented.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present application, a transmission line lightning arrester layout optimization system is provided, comprising: one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and are configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the one or more programs include methods for executing any one of the described methods.

[0015] Applying the technical solution of the present application, in the above-mentioned method for optimizing the layout of lightning arresters for power transmission lines, the method includes: an establishment step, establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model, the above-mentioned electromagnetic transient simulation model is used to simulate the changes in electrical parameters of the power system in various transient electromagnetic phenomena; a model calculation step, simulating and calculating the above-mentioned electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data, the above-mentioned simulation data includes graphical waveform data of voltage and current changing with time and the flashover state of the insulator string, the above-mentioned insulator string is an insulating component formed by a plurality of insulators connected in series; a lightning resistance level calculation step, determining the lightning resistance level of the above-mentioned power system according to the simulation data, the above-mentioned lightning resistance level is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator does not flashover; an optimization step, adjusting the lightning arrester configuration parameters of the above-mentioned electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeating the above-mentioned model calculation step and the above-mentioned lightning resistance level calculation step at least once in sequence, and determining the highest lightning resistance level of the above-mentioned power system, the above-mentioned lightning arrester configuration parameters include the number and position of the lightning arresters of the above-mentioned power system and the relative distance between the above-mentioned lightning arresters and the pole towers; a layout step, arranging the above-mentioned lightning arresters of the above-mentioned power system according to the above-mentioned lightning arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the above-mentioned highest lightning resistance level. The present application simulates the transient electromagnetic phenomena of the power system by establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model, calculates the electromagnetic transient simulation model, obtains simulation data, obtains the lightning resistance level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model according to the simulation data, and adjusts the position, number and relative distance from the pole tower of the lightning arrester in the electromagnetic transient simulation model, calculates the maximum lightning resistance level, and obtains the optimal lightning arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model. The lightning resistance level of the power system can be more effectively improved by adjusting the configuration parameters of the lightning arrester, and solves the problem in the prior art that the lightning resistance level of the power system cannot be effectively improved due to unreasonable configuration of the lightning arrester in the power system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal according to a method for optimizing the arrangement of lightning arresters for power transmission lines provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a process of optimizing the arrangement of lightning arresters for power transmission lines provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0018] Figure 3 A circuit diagram of an electromagnetic transient simulation model of a method for optimizing the arrangement of lightning arresters for power transmission lines provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0019] Figure 4 A flow chart of lightning resistance level calculation of a method for optimizing the arrangement of lightning arresters for power transmission lines provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0020] Figure 5A comparison diagram of voltage waveforms of insulators before and after the installation of a lightning arrester according to a method for optimizing the arrangement of lightning arresters for power transmission lines provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0021] Figure 6 A structural block diagram of a transmission line arrester arrangement optimization device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0022] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0023] 102, processor; 104, memory; 106, transmission device; 108, input and output devices. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0027] As introduced in the background technology, the lightning resistance simulation model in the prior art is relatively simple, and the lightning resistance level calculation results obtained are not accurate enough. At the same time, the layout method of the lightning arrester is not considered, so that the lightning resistance level calculation results cannot reach the ideal value. In order to solve this technical problem, the embodiments of the present application provide a transmission line lightning arrester layout optimization method, optimization device, computer-readable storage medium, computer program product and transmission line lightning arrester layout optimization system.

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] The method embodiments provided in the embodiments of the present application can be executed in a mobile terminal, a computer terminal or a similar computing device. Taking running on a mobile terminal as an example, Figure 1 1 is a hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal of a method for optimizing the arrangement of lightning arresters for power transmission lines according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the mobile terminal may include one or more ( Figure 1 Only one is shown in the figure) a processor 102 (the processor 102 may include but is not limited to a processing device such as a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA) and a memory 104 for storing data, wherein the mobile terminal may also include a transmission device 106 and an input / output device 108 for communication functions. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that Figure 1 The structure shown is only for illustration and does not limit the structure of the mobile terminal. Figure 1 More or fewer components as shown, or with Figure 1 Different configurations are shown.

[0030] The memory 104 can be used to store computer programs, for example, software programs and modules of application software, such as a computer program corresponding to a method for optimizing the layout of lightning arresters for power transmission lines in an embodiment of the present invention. The processor 102 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the computer program stored in the memory 104, that is, to implement the above method. The memory 104 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some examples, the memory 104 may further include a memory remotely arranged relative to the processor 102, and these remote memories may be connected to the mobile terminal via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and a combination thereof. The transmission device 106 is used to receive or send data via a network. The above-mentioned specific examples of the network may include a wireless network provided by a communication provider of the mobile terminal. In one example, the transmission device 106 includes a network adapter (Network Interface Controller, referred to as NIC), which can be connected to other network devices through a base station so as to communicate with the Internet. In one example, the transmission device 106 may be a radio frequency (RF) module, which is used to communicate with the Internet wirelessly.

[0031] In this embodiment, a method for optimizing the layout of lightning arresters for power transmission lines that runs on a mobile terminal, a computer terminal, or a similar computing device is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0032] Figure 2 1 is a flow chart of a method for optimizing the arrangement of lightning arresters for power transmission lines according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0033] Step S201, establishing a step of establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model, wherein the electromagnetic transient simulation model is used to simulate changes in electrical parameters of a power system in various transient electromagnetic phenomena;

[0034] Specifically, an electromagnetic transient simulation model is established to simulate the electrical parameter change process of the power system under various transient electromagnetic phenomena, including the dynamic response of voltage, current and overvoltage. Through this model, the performance of power equipment under transient conditions and the changes in various system parameters can be accurately evaluated, providing reliable data support for optimizing the layout of lightning arresters and improving the lightning resistance of the system.

[0035] Step S202, a model calculation step, performing simulation calculation on the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data, wherein the simulation data includes graphical waveform data of voltage and current varying with time and a flashover state of an insulator string, wherein the insulator string is an insulating component formed by connecting a plurality of insulators in series;

[0036] Specifically, the established electromagnetic transient simulation model is simulated and calculated to generate simulation data, including waveform data of voltage and current changing with time, and the flashover state of insulator strings under lightning strikes or overvoltage conditions. Insulator strings are composed of multiple insulators connected in series. As key insulating components in transmission lines, these simulation data can be used to intuitively analyze the dynamic response of the power system under transient conditions and accurately determine whether flashover occurs in the insulator string, providing a reliable basis for optimizing lightning protection measures and improving the safety and stability of power system operation.

[0037] It should be noted that, in one embodiment, taking the establishment of an electromagnetic transient simulation model in the ATP-EMTP electromagnetic transient simulation software as an example, when performing simulation calculations on the established electromagnetic transient simulation model, a corresponding ATP file is generated based on the established electromagnetic transient simulation model and used as an input file of the main program. By calling the ATP-EMTP calculation kernel, simulation data is obtained by calculating and outputting the PCH file and LIB file of the transmission line model, and the simulation data includes a LIS file and a PL4 file.

[0038] Step S203, a lightning resistance level calculation step, determining the lightning resistance level of the power system according to the simulation data, the lightning resistance level being the maximum lightning current amplitude at which no flashover occurs on the insulator;

[0039] Specifically, the lightning resistance level of the power system is calculated based on the simulation data, where the lightning resistance level is defined as the maximum lightning current amplitude that the insulator can withstand without flashover. Through this calculation, the system's lightning resistance capability can be accurately evaluated.

[0040] Step S204, an optimization step, adjusting the arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeating the model calculation step and the lightning resistance level calculation step at least once, and determining the highest lightning resistance level of the power system, wherein the arrester configuration parameters include the number and position of the arresters of the power system and the relative distance between the arresters and the towers;

[0041] Specifically, by adjusting the arrester configuration parameters in the electromagnetic transient simulation model, including the number, location and relative distance of the arrester to the pole tower, the simulation calculation and lightning resistance level calculation steps are repeated at least once to gradually optimize the arrester layout and ultimately determine the maximum lightning resistance level of the power system. Through such an optimization process, the protection capability of the arrester can be fully utilized to ensure that the arrester layout achieves the best effect.

[0042] Step S205, a deployment step, deploys the lightning arrester of the power system according to the lightning arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the highest lightning withstand level.

[0043] Specifically, according to the calculated arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the highest lightning resistance level, the arresters in the power system are actually arranged, including determining the number, location and relative distance of the arresters to the poles and towers. By strictly following the optimization results, the protective effect of the arresters can be maximized and system failures caused by lightning strikes can be effectively reduced.

[0044] Through this embodiment, in the above-mentioned transmission line lightning arrester layout optimization method, an establishment step is performed to establish an electromagnetic transient simulation model, and the above-mentioned electromagnetic transient simulation model is used to simulate the changes in electrical parameters of the power system in various transient electromagnetic phenomena; a model calculation step is performed to simulate and calculate the above-mentioned electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data, and the above-mentioned simulation data includes graphical waveform data of voltage and current changing with time and the flashover state of the insulator string, and the above-mentioned insulator string is an insulating component formed by a plurality of insulators connected in series; a lightning resistance level calculation step is performed to determine the lightning resistance level of the above-mentioned power system according to the simulation data, and the above-mentioned lightning resistance level is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator does not flashover; an optimization step is performed to adjust the lightning arrester configuration parameters of the above-mentioned electromagnetic transient simulation model, and the above-mentioned model calculation step and the above-mentioned lightning resistance level calculation step are repeated at least once in sequence to determine the highest lightning resistance level of the above-mentioned power system, and the above-mentioned lightning arrester configuration parameters include the number and position of the lightning arrester of the above-mentioned power system and the relative distance between the above-mentioned lightning arrester and the pole tower; a layout step is performed to layout the above-mentioned lightning arrester of the above-mentioned power system according to the above-mentioned lightning arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the above-mentioned highest lightning resistance level. The present application simulates the transient electromagnetic phenomena of the power system by establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model, calculates the electromagnetic transient simulation model, obtains simulation data, obtains the lightning resistance level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model according to the simulation data, and adjusts the position, number and relative distance from the pole tower of the lightning arrester in the electromagnetic transient simulation model, calculates the maximum lightning resistance level, and obtains the optimal lightning arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model. The lightning resistance level of the power system can be more effectively improved by adjusting the configuration parameters of the lightning arrester, and solves the problem in the prior art that the lightning resistance level of the power system cannot be effectively improved due to unreasonable configuration of the lightning arrester in the power system.

[0045] In order to model the electromagnetic transient simulation model, in an optional implementation, the electromagnetic transient simulation model is established, and the above step S201 includes:

[0046] Step S2011, establishing a lightning current module, a transmission line module, an insulator flashover module, a tower module and an arrester module;

[0047] Specifically, lightning current module, transmission line module, insulator flashover module, pole tower module and arrester module are constructed to simulate lightning current characteristics, electromagnetic response of transmission lines, flashover behavior of insulator strings, transient characteristics of pole towers, and voltage limiting and energy absorption performance of arresters, respectively. These modules cooperate with each other to form a complete electromagnetic transient simulation model, which can accurately reproduce the dynamic behavior of the power system under transient events such as lightning strikes.

[0048] Step S2012, connecting the lightning current module, the transmission line module, the insulator flashover module, the pole tower module and the arrester module according to the actual working condition of the transmission line to obtain an electromagnetic transient simulation model, and determining the lightning strike point of the electromagnetic transient simulation model.

[0049] Specifically, according to the actual working conditions of the transmission line, the lightning current module, transmission line module, insulator flashover module, pole tower module and arrester module are reasonably connected to build a complete electromagnetic transient simulation model, and the lightning strike point location is clearly set in the model. Through this integrated modeling method, the dynamic response behavior of the power system under lightning strike conditions can be fully simulated to ensure that the model has high accuracy and practical engineering applicability.

[0050] It should be noted that when the lightning current module, transmission line module, insulator flashover module, tower module and arrester module are connected according to the actual working conditions of the transmission line, the connection parameters of each module need to be determined, including:

[0051] Determine the lightning current waveform function of the lightning current module;

[0052] Determine the length, height, spacing, span, skin effect and conductor transposition of the transmission line of the transmission line module;

[0053] Determine the location and height of the tower of the tower module;

[0054] Determine the installation quantity and installation location of the arrester module and the relative position between the arrester and the tower;

[0055] Further, the insulator flashover module and the arrester module are connected to the tower module;

[0056] In a specific embodiment, the established electromagnetic transient simulation model circuit diagram is as follows: Figure 3 shown.

[0057] In order to establish each module, in an optional implementation manner, a lightning current module, a transmission line module, an insulator flashover module, a tower module and an arrester module are established, and the above step S2011 includes:

[0058] Step S201101, select the Heidler function as the lightning current module, the lightning current module is used to simulate the waveform characteristics of the lightning current, the Heidler function is Among them, i(0,t) is the waveform function of the lightning current changing with time. η is the correction coefficient of lightning current amplitude, I 0 is the peak current of the lightning current, n is the current steepness factor, t is the duration of the lightning stroke, τ 1is the time constant that determines the rise of the function, τ 2 is the time constant that determines the decay of the function;

[0059] Specifically, the Heidler function is selected as the mathematical model of the lightning current module to accurately simulate the waveform characteristics of the lightning current. Through this function, the waveform of the lightning current can be accurately reproduced, including the characteristics of the steep rise in the wave head and the gradual decrease in the wave tail, reflecting the impact of lightning current on transmission lines and equipment.

[0060] It should be noted that, in one embodiment, according to my country's lightning protection design standard (DL / T620-1997), in the above Heidler function, τ 1 =2.6μs, τ 2 =50μs, n=10.

[0061] Step S201102, selecting a JMarti overhead line model as the transmission line module. The JMarti overhead line model is a distributed parameter model that reflects frequency-dependent parameter changes of a transmission line under the action of a lightning current. The transmission line module is used to simulate the frequency change characteristics of a transmission line under the action of the lightning current.

[0062] Specifically, the JMarti overhead line model is selected as the transmission line module. This model is a distributed parameter model that can reflect the frequency-dependent parameter changes of the transmission line under the action of lightning current. The JMarti model can accurately simulate the frequency characteristics of the transmission line under the action of lightning current, including the change behavior of the conductor parameters with frequency. It can capture the influence of high-frequency transients generated by lightning strikes on the electromagnetic characteristics of the transmission line, such as voltage fluctuations, surge propagation and energy distribution. The use of this model can improve the accuracy of electromagnetic transient simulation and provide an important basis for evaluating the impact of lightning current on transmission lines.

[0063] It should be noted that, in one embodiment, the parameter settings of the conductor are determined according to LGJ-150 / 40, and the ground wire parameters are determined according to GJ-40.

[0064] Step S201103, establishing an insulator flashover module, the insulator flashover module is used to determine whether a flashover phenomenon occurs in the insulator string under the action of the lightning current, and output the flashover state of the insulator string;

[0065] Specifically, an insulator flashover module is established, which is used to determine whether an insulator string flashes under the action of lightning current and to feedback the flashover status of the insulator string. In this way, the working status of the insulator string during lightning strike can be accurately simulated, and potential faults in the power system can be identified in time.

[0066] Step S201104, selecting a multi-wave impedance model as the tower module, the multi-wave impedance model is the characteristics of resistance and phase change during the transmission of electromagnetic waves on the tower, and the tower module is used to simulate the electromagnetic characteristics of the transmission line tower under the action of the lightning current;

[0067] Specifically, a multi-wave impedance model is selected as the tower module, that is, the tower is divided into sections, and each section is regarded as an impedance element with specific electrical characteristics. By cascading multiple impedance units, a complete tower equivalent electrical model is finally formed. This model describes the impedance change and phase change characteristics of electromagnetic waves during transmission on the tower. The parameters included in the multi-wave impedance model are tower height, wave impedance, and transmission wave speed. It simulates the electromagnetic response of the transmission line tower under the action of lightning current, including transmission characteristics, reflection effect and energy loss. Through this modeling method, the propagation behavior of electromagnetic waves caused by lightning current in the tower can be accurately captured, and its impact on the transmission line can be analyzed.

[0068] Step S201105, establishing a lightning arrester module, wherein the lightning arrester module is used to simulate the ability of the lightning arrester to absorb electrical energy under the action of the lightning current.

[0069] Specifically, a lightning arrester module is established, which is used to simulate the ability of the lightning arrester to absorb excess electrical energy under the action of lightning current. Through this module, the voltage limiting effect and energy absorption performance of the lightning arrester during lightning strikes can be accurately evaluated to ensure that the lightning arrester can effectively absorb overvoltage and protect the power system from lightning strikes.

[0070] It can be understood that the arrester module is implemented using resistors, capacitors, inductors and nonlinear resistors. The nonlinear resistors represent the conductivity characteristics of the arrester during discharge; the capacitors represent the dielectric constant of the zinc oxide resistor, and the specific value is related to the discharge level of the arrester line; the inductors represent the magnetic field related to the current flowing through the arrester; and the resistors are used to avoid possible numerical oscillations during simulation.

[0071] In a specific embodiment, zinc oxide is selected as the main material for making the lightning arrester in the above-mentioned lightning arrester module.

[0072] In order to determine whether a flashover phenomenon occurs in an insulator string under the action of a lightning current, in an optional implementation manner, an insulator flashover module is established to determine whether a flashover phenomenon occurs in an insulator string under the action of the lightning current. The above step S201103 includes:

[0073] Step S2011031, establish the insulator string volt-second characteristic function Among them, U flash is the flashover voltage of the insulator string, L is the length of the insulator string, and t is the duration of the lightning strike;

[0074] Specifically, this function is used to simulate the flashover characteristics of an insulator string under the action of lightning current, and calculate the flashover voltage of the insulator string according to the length of the insulator string and the duration of the lightning strike, so as to facilitate the subsequent judgment of whether the insulator string will flash over based on the flashover voltage of the insulator string and the actual withstand voltage.

[0075] Step S2011032, calculating the flashover voltage of the insulator string according to the volt-second characteristic function of the insulator string;

[0076] Specifically, according to the volt-second characteristic function of the insulator string, the flashover voltage of the insulator string is calculated. The flashover voltage represents the tolerance limit of the insulator string under a specific lightning current. By accurately calculating the flashover voltage, the performance of the insulator string under different working conditions can be quantified, thereby evaluating the lightning protection capability of the insulator string.

[0077] Step S2011033, when the voltage difference at both ends of the insulator string is greater than the flashover voltage of the insulator string, the insulator string flashes over, and the voltage difference at both ends of the insulator string is the difference in instantaneous voltages borne by both ends of the insulator string under the action of the lightning current;

[0078] Specifically, when the voltage difference at both ends of the insulator string exceeds its flashover voltage, the insulator string will flashover. The voltage difference at both ends of the insulator string refers to the difference in instantaneous voltages borne by the two ends of the insulator string under the action of lightning current. This judgment condition can accurately simulate the working state of the insulator under lightning conditions and help identify when a flashover fault will occur.

[0079] Step S2011034: when the voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator string is less than the flashover voltage of the insulator string, the insulator string does not flashover.

[0080] Specifically, when the voltage difference across the insulator string is lower than its flashover voltage, the insulator string remains in normal working condition and no flashover occurs, which indicates that the insulator string still has sufficient insulation performance under the action of lightning current and can effectively isolate the electrical path of the transmission line.

[0081] In one embodiment, taking the establishment of an electromagnetic transient simulation model in the ATP-EMTP electromagnetic transient simulation software as an example, the TACS element and the MODELS element in the ATP-EMTP electromagnetic transient simulation software are used to implement the insulator flashover module, and the specific steps include:

[0082] The volt-second characteristic function of the insulator string is programmed in the MODELS element, and the voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator string is input into the MODELS element;

[0083] Furthermore, the MODELS element compares the flashover voltage of the insulator string with the voltage difference at both ends of the insulator string. When the voltage difference at both ends of the insulator string is greater than the flashover voltage of the insulator string, the insulator string flashes over; when the voltage difference at both ends of the insulator string is less than the flashover voltage of the insulator string, the insulator string does not flash over.

[0084] According to the above judgment, the output of the MODELS element is set to 0 and 1. When no flashover occurs, the output of the MODELS element is set to 0, that is, the TACS switch is disconnected, and the insulator string presents a normal working insulation state. When a flashover occurs, the output is 1, the TACS switch is closed, that is, the insulator string flashes.

[0085] In order to obtain the lightning resistance level, in an optional implementation manner, the lightning resistance level of the power system is determined according to simulation data, and the step S203 includes:

[0086] Step S2031, setting the maximum withstand current I 1 , minimum flashover current I 2 and the first difference ΔI 1 The above maximum withstand current is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator string does not flash over under the action of lightning current, and the above minimum flashover current is the minimum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator string flashes over;

[0087] Specifically, the maximum withstand current, the minimum flashover current and the first difference are set, wherein the maximum withstand current refers to the maximum lightning current amplitude when the insulator string does not flashover under the action of lightning current, and the minimum flashover current refers to the minimum lightning current amplitude when the insulator string just starts to flashover, and the first difference reflects the current margin range of the insulator string from a stable state to a flashover state. By setting these parameters, the lightning protection performance of the insulator string can be evaluated more accurately.

[0088] Step S2032, the first setting step, when the above insulator string flashes under the current lightning current amplitude, set I 2 =I t , where I t is the above current lightning current amplitude;

[0089] Specifically, when the insulator string flashes under the current lightning current amplitude, let I 2 =I t , where I t is the current lightning current amplitude. This step is used to evaluate the lightning withstand performance of the insulator string by marking the lightning current amplitude that actually causes flashover as the flashover current. Through this setting, the critical flashover condition of the insulator string can be identified.

[0090] Step S2033, the second setting step, when the above insulator string does not flash over under the current lightning current amplitude, set I 1 =I t ;

[0091] Specifically, when the insulator string does not flash over under the current lightning current amplitude, let I 1 =I t This setting marks the current lightning current amplitude as the withstand current, which is used to describe the maximum withstand capacity of the insulator string without flashover. Through this setting, the upper limit of the lightning withstand performance of the insulator string can be defined.

[0092] Step S2034, calculation step, calculate the above minimum flashover current I 2 and the above maximum withstand current I 1 The second difference ΔI is obtained 2 =I 2 -I 1 ;

[0093] Specifically, by calculating the difference between the minimum flashover current and the maximum withstand current, a second difference is obtained, which reflects the margin range of the insulator string from the withstand state to the flashover state under the action of lightning current. The size of the second difference is directly related to the lightning resistance of the insulator string.

[0094] Step S2035: based on the second difference ΔI 2 Less than the first difference ΔI 1 In this case, the above maximum withstand current I 1 Determined as the above lightning withstand level of the above electromagnetic transient simulation model;

[0095] Specifically, when the second difference is less than the first difference, the maximum withstand current is determined as the lightning resistance level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, which indicates that the lightning resistance capacity of the insulator string has reached a critical state and cannot be further improved. Through this setting, the system's ultimate lightning resistance level under the current configuration can be clearly defined.

[0096] Step S2036, based on the second difference ΔI 2 Greater than the first difference ΔI 1 In this case, let the current lightning current amplitude of the above electromagnetic transient simulation model be I t =(I 1 +I 2 ) / 2, repeat the first setting step, the second setting step and the calculation step at least once, until the minimum flashover current I 2 With the above maximum withstand current I 1 The difference is less than the first difference ΔI 1 .

[0097] Specifically, when the second difference is greater than the first difference, the current lightning current amplitude of the electromagnetic transient simulation model is set to I t =(I 1 +I 2 ) / 2, and repeat the first setting step, the second setting step and the calculation step at least once in sequence, until the difference between the minimum flashover current and the maximum withstand current is less than the first difference. Through this iterative process, the critical performance range of the insulator string can be gradually approached, and the lightning resistance level of the system can be accurately determined, ensuring the accuracy of the simulation calculation, avoiding the estimation error of the lightning resistance level caused by parameter deviation, and providing data support for optimizing insulation design and lightning protection configuration.

[0098] It can be understood that the process of determining the lightning resistance level of the above power system based on simulation data is as follows: Figure 4 shown.

[0099] In order to determine the maximum lightning withstand level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, in an optional implementation, the configuration parameters of the lightning arrester of the electromagnetic transient simulation model are adjusted, the model calculation step and the lightning withstand level calculation step are repeated to determine the maximum lightning withstand level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model. The step S204 includes:

[0100] Step S2041, establishing a particle swarm by using a particle swarm algorithm, wherein each particle in the particle swarm represents a configuration scheme for installing a lightning arrester, and the configuration scheme includes the number and position of the lightning arrester and the relative distance between the lightning arrester and the tower;

[0101] Specifically, a particle swarm algorithm is used to establish a particle swarm, in which each particle represents a lightning arrester layout scheme, which includes the number of lightning arresters, installation locations, and relative distances from the towers. These configuration schemes help determine the optimal lightning arrester layout through particle swarm optimization search to achieve more efficient lightning protection.

[0102] Step S2042, calculating and obtaining the lightning resistance level of each particle;

[0103] Specifically, the lightning resistance level of each particle is calculated, and the lightning resistance capability of the corresponding arrester configuration scheme under the action of lightning current is evaluated.

[0104] Step S2043, adjust the position of the particle that is not the largest lightning resistance level until the preset number of iterations is reached or the difference between the lightning resistance levels of two previous and subsequent iterations is less than a predetermined difference, and determine the largest lightning resistance level of the current particle group as the highest lightning resistance level.

[0105] Specifically, the positions of particles with lower lightning resistance levels are adjusted, and iterations are continued until the preset maximum number of iterations is reached, or the change in lightning resistance levels between two iterations is less than a predetermined threshold. At this time, the maximum lightning resistance level in the current particle group is determined as the highest lightning resistance level of the system. Through this iterative optimization process, the effect of the lightning arrester configuration scheme can be continuously improved to ensure that the final selected configuration provides the best protection performance under lightning conditions.

[0106] It should be noted that, in a specific embodiment, the simulation data is processed by MATLAB to determine the lightning resistance level of the power system, and a particle group is defined to optimize the placement of the lightning arrester.

[0107] Furthermore, the number of particles is set to 50, and the particle installation arrester configuration scheme parameters are set to 3, including the number and position of the arresters and the relative distance between the arresters and the towers. When performing electromagnetic transient simulation calculations, the parameter settings of each particle will be used for a complete simulation calculation to evaluate the lightning resistance level of the power system under the parameter settings.

[0108] In a specific embodiment, the voltage waveforms at both ends of the insulators of the power system with and without lightning arresters are compared and explained. Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the voltage waveforms at both ends of the A-phase insulator are compared before and after the installation of the lightning arrester. When there is no lightning arrester, lightning strikes phase A and the insulator flashes. When there is a lightning arrester, the lightning arrester limits the overvoltage to below 150kV and the insulator does not flash.

[0109] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowcharts of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that, although a logical order is shown in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0110] The embodiment of the present application also provides a transmission line arrester layout optimization device. It should be noted that a transmission line arrester layout optimization device of the embodiment of the present application can be used to execute a transmission line arrester layout optimization method provided by the embodiment of the present application. The device is used to implement the above-mentioned embodiments and preferred implementation modes, and those that have been described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can implement a combination of software and / or hardware of a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, the implementation of hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and conceived.

[0111] The following is an introduction to a transmission line arrester layout optimization device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0112] Figure 61 is a structural block diagram of a transmission line arrester arrangement optimization device according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 As shown, the device comprises:

[0113] A first establishing unit 10 is used to execute an establishing step to establish an electromagnetic transient simulation model, wherein the electromagnetic transient simulation model is used to simulate changes in electrical parameters of a power system in various transient electromagnetic phenomena;

[0114] Specifically, an electromagnetic transient simulation model is established to simulate the electrical parameter change process of the power system under various transient electromagnetic phenomena, including the dynamic response of voltage, current and overvoltage. Through this model, the performance of power equipment under transient conditions and the changes in various system parameters can be accurately evaluated, providing reliable data support for optimizing the layout of lightning arresters and improving the lightning resistance of the system.

[0115] A first calculation unit 20 is used to execute a model calculation step, perform simulation calculation on the electromagnetic transient simulation model, and obtain simulation data, wherein the simulation data includes graphical waveform data of voltage and current changing with time and a flashover state of an insulator string, wherein the insulator string is an insulating component formed by connecting a plurality of insulators in series;

[0116] Specifically, the established electromagnetic transient simulation model is simulated and calculated to generate simulation data, including waveform data of voltage and current changing with time, and the flashover state of insulator strings under lightning strikes or overvoltage conditions. Insulator strings are composed of multiple insulators connected in series. As key insulating components in transmission lines, these simulation data can be used to intuitively analyze the dynamic response of the power system under transient conditions and accurately determine whether flashover occurs in the insulator string, providing a reliable basis for optimizing lightning protection measures and improving the safety and stability of power system operation.

[0117] A second calculation unit 30 is used to perform a lightning resistance level calculation step to determine the lightning resistance level of the power system according to the simulation data, where the lightning resistance level is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator does not flash over;

[0118] Specifically, the lightning resistance level of the power system is calculated based on the simulation data, where the lightning resistance level is defined as the maximum lightning current amplitude that the insulator can withstand without flashover. Through this calculation, the system's lightning resistance capability can be accurately evaluated.

[0119] A first control unit 40 is used to perform an optimization step, adjust the arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeat the model calculation step and the lightning resistance level calculation step at least once, and determine the maximum lightning resistance level of the power system, wherein the arrester configuration parameters include the number and position of the arresters of the power system and the relative distance between the arresters and the towers;

[0120] Specifically, by adjusting the arrester configuration parameters in the electromagnetic transient simulation model, including the number, location and relative distance of the arrester to the pole tower, the simulation calculation and lightning resistance level calculation steps are repeated at least once to gradually optimize the arrester layout and ultimately determine the maximum lightning resistance level of the power system. Through such an optimization process, the protection capability of the arrester can be fully utilized to ensure that the arrester layout achieves the best effect.

[0121] The second control unit 50 is used to execute the deployment step, and deploy the lightning arrester of the above-mentioned power system according to the above-mentioned lightning arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the above-mentioned highest lightning resistance level.

[0122] Specifically, according to the calculated arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the highest lightning resistance level, the arresters in the power system are actually arranged, including determining the number, location and relative distance of the arresters to the poles and towers. By strictly following the optimization results, the protective effect of the arresters can be maximized and system failures caused by lightning strikes can be effectively reduced.

[0123] According to the present embodiment, the first establishing unit is used to execute the establishing step to establish an electromagnetic transient simulation model, wherein the electromagnetic transient simulation model is used to simulate the changes in electrical parameters of the power system in various transient electromagnetic phenomena; the first calculating unit is used to execute the model calculating step to perform simulation calculation on the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data, wherein the simulation data includes graphical waveform data of voltage and current changing with time and the flashover state of the insulator string, wherein the insulator string is an insulating component formed by connecting a plurality of insulators in series; the second calculating unit is used to execute the lightning resistance level calculating step to determine the lightning resistance level of the power system according to the simulation data. Lightning resistance level, the above-mentioned lightning resistance level is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator does not flash over; a first control unit, used to execute the optimization step, adjust the lightning arrester configuration parameters of the above-mentioned electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeat the above-mentioned model calculation step and the above-mentioned lightning resistance level calculation step at least once in sequence, and determine the maximum lightning resistance level of the above-mentioned power system, the above-mentioned lightning arrester configuration parameters include the number and position of the lightning arresters of the above-mentioned power system and the relative distance between the above-mentioned lightning arresters and the towers; a second control unit, used to execute the layout step, and layout the above-mentioned lightning arresters of the above-mentioned power system according to the above-mentioned lightning arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the above-mentioned maximum lightning resistance level. The present application simulates the transient electromagnetic phenomena of the power system by establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model, calculates the electromagnetic transient simulation model, obtains simulation data, obtains the lightning resistance level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model according to the simulation data, and adjusts the position, number and relative distance from the pole tower of the lightning arrester in the electromagnetic transient simulation model, calculates the maximum lightning resistance level, and obtains the optimal lightning arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model. The lightning resistance level of the power system can be more effectively improved by adjusting the configuration parameters of the lightning arrester, and solves the problem in the prior art that the lightning resistance level of the power system cannot be effectively improved due to unreasonable configuration of the lightning arrester in the power system.

[0124] In order to model the electromagnetic transient simulation model, in an optional implementation, the electromagnetic transient simulation model is established, and the first establishing unit includes:

[0125] The first establishment subunit is used to establish a lightning current module, a transmission line module, an insulator flashover module, a tower module and an arrester module;

[0126] Specifically, lightning current module, transmission line module, insulator flashover module, pole tower module and arrester module are constructed to simulate lightning current characteristics, electromagnetic response of transmission lines, flashover behavior of insulator strings, transient characteristics of pole towers, and voltage limiting and energy absorption performance of arresters, respectively. These modules cooperate with each other to form a complete electromagnetic transient simulation model, which can accurately reproduce the dynamic behavior of the power system under transient events such as lightning strikes.

[0127] The second sub-unit is used to connect the lightning current module, the transmission line module, the insulator flashover module, the pole tower module and the arrester module according to the actual working condition of the transmission line to obtain an electromagnetic transient simulation model and determine the lightning strike point of the electromagnetic transient simulation model.

[0128] Specifically, according to the actual working conditions of the transmission line, the lightning current module, transmission line module, insulator flashover module, pole tower module and arrester module are reasonably connected to build a complete electromagnetic transient simulation model, and the lightning strike point location is clearly set in the model. Through this integrated modeling method, the dynamic response behavior of the power system under lightning strike conditions can be fully simulated to ensure that the model has high accuracy and practical engineering applicability.

[0129] In order to establish each module, in an optional implementation, a lightning current module, a transmission line module, an insulator flashover module, a tower module and an arrester module are established, and the first establishment subunit includes:

[0130] The first establishment module is used to select the Heidler function as the lightning current module. The lightning current module is used to simulate the waveform characteristics of the lightning current. The Heidler function is Among them, i(0,t) is the waveform function of the lightning current changing with time. η is the correction coefficient of lightning current amplitude, I 0 is the peak current of the lightning current, n is the current steepness factor, t is the duration of the lightning stroke, τ 1 is the time constant that determines the rise of the function, τ 2 is the time constant that determines the decay of the function;

[0131] Specifically, the Heidler function is selected as the mathematical model of the lightning current module to accurately simulate the waveform characteristics of the lightning current. Through this function, the waveform of the lightning current can be accurately reproduced, including the characteristics of the steep rise in the wave head and the gradual decrease in the wave tail, reflecting the impact of lightning current on transmission lines and equipment.

[0132] A second establishment module is used to select a JMarti overhead line model as the above-mentioned transmission line module, wherein the above-mentioned JMarti overhead line model is a distributed parameter model that reflects the frequency-dependent parameter changes of the transmission line under the action of lightning current, and the above-mentioned transmission line module is used to simulate the frequency change characteristics of the transmission line under the action of the above-mentioned lightning current;

[0133] Specifically, the JMarti overhead line model is selected as the transmission line module. This model is a distributed parameter model that can reflect the frequency-dependent parameter changes of the transmission line under the action of lightning current. The JMarti model can accurately simulate the frequency characteristics of the transmission line under the action of lightning current, including the change behavior of the conductor parameters with frequency. It can capture the influence of high-frequency transients generated by lightning strikes on the electromagnetic characteristics of the transmission line, such as voltage fluctuations, surge propagation and energy distribution. The use of this model can improve the accuracy of electromagnetic transient simulation and provide an important basis for evaluating the impact of lightning current on transmission lines.

[0134] A third establishing module is used to establish an insulator flashover module, wherein the insulator flashover module is used to determine whether a flashover phenomenon occurs in an insulator string under the action of the lightning current, and output the flashover state of the insulator string;

[0135] Specifically, an insulator flashover module is established, which is used to determine whether an insulator string flashes under the action of lightning current and to feedback the flashover status of the insulator string. In this way, the working status of the insulator string during lightning strike can be accurately simulated, and potential faults in the power system can be identified in time.

[0136] A fourth establishment module is used to select a multi-wave impedance model as the tower module, wherein the multi-wave impedance model is the characteristics of resistance and phase change of electromagnetic waves during transmission on the tower, and the tower module is used to simulate the electromagnetic characteristics of the transmission line tower under the action of the lightning current;

[0137] Specifically, a multi-wave impedance model is selected as the tower module. This model describes the impedance change and phase variation characteristics of electromagnetic waves during transmission on the tower, and simulates the electromagnetic response of the transmission line tower under the action of lightning current, including transmission characteristics, reflection effects and energy loss. Through this modeling method, the propagation behavior of electromagnetic waves caused by lightning current in the tower can be accurately captured, and its impact on the transmission line can be analyzed.

[0138] The fifth establishing module is used to establish a lightning arrester module, and the lightning arrester module is used to simulate the ability of the lightning arrester to absorb electric energy under the action of the lightning current.

[0139] Specifically, a lightning arrester module is established, which is used to simulate the ability of the lightning arrester to absorb excess electrical energy under the action of lightning current. Through this module, the voltage limiting effect and energy absorption performance of the lightning arrester during lightning strikes can be accurately evaluated to ensure that the lightning arrester can effectively absorb overvoltage and protect the power system from lightning strikes.

[0140] In order to determine whether a flashover phenomenon occurs in an insulator string under the action of a lightning current, in an optional implementation, an insulator flashover module is established to determine whether a flashover phenomenon occurs in an insulator string under the action of the lightning current. The third establishment module includes:

[0141] The first submodule is used to establish the volt-second characteristic function of the insulator string. Among them, U flash is the flashover voltage of the insulator string, L is the length of the insulator string, and t is the duration of the lightning strike;

[0142] Specifically, this function is used to simulate the flashover characteristics of an insulator string under the action of lightning current, and calculate the flashover voltage of the insulator string according to the length of the insulator string and the duration of the lightning strike, so as to facilitate the subsequent judgment of whether the insulator string will flash over based on the flashover voltage of the insulator string and the actual withstand voltage.

[0143] The second establishment submodule is used to calculate the flashover voltage of the insulator string according to the volt-second characteristic function of the insulator string;

[0144] Specifically, according to the volt-second characteristic function of the insulator string, the flashover voltage of the insulator string is calculated. The flashover voltage represents the tolerance limit of the insulator string under a specific lightning current. By accurately calculating the flashover voltage, the performance of the insulator string under different working conditions can be quantified, thereby evaluating the lightning protection capability of the insulator string.

[0145] The third establishment submodule is used for causing the insulator string to flash over when the voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator string is greater than the flashover voltage of the insulator string, wherein the voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator string is the difference in instantaneous voltages borne by the two ends of the insulator string under the action of the lightning current;

[0146] Specifically, when the voltage difference at both ends of the insulator string exceeds its flashover voltage, the insulator string will flashover. The voltage difference at both ends of the insulator string refers to the difference in instantaneous voltages borne by the two ends of the insulator string under the action of lightning current. This judgment condition can accurately simulate the working state of the insulator under lightning conditions and help identify when a flashover fault will occur.

[0147] The fourth establishing submodule is used to prevent the insulator string from flashing over when the voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator string is less than the flashover voltage of the insulator string.

[0148] Specifically, when the voltage difference across the insulator string is lower than its flashover voltage, the insulator string remains in normal working condition and no flashover occurs, which indicates that the insulator string still has sufficient insulation performance under the action of lightning current and can effectively isolate the electrical path of the transmission line.

[0149] In order to obtain the lightning resistance level, in an optional implementation manner, the lightning resistance level of the power system is determined according to simulation data, and the second calculation unit includes:

[0150] The first calculation module is used to set the maximum withstand current I 1, minimum flashover current I 2 and the first difference ΔI 1 The above-mentioned maximum withstand current is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator string does not flash over under the action of lightning current, and the above-mentioned minimum flashover current is the minimum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator string flashes over;

[0151] Specifically, the maximum withstand current, the minimum flashover current and the first difference are set, wherein the maximum withstand current refers to the maximum lightning current amplitude when the insulator string does not flashover under the action of lightning current, and the minimum flashover current refers to the minimum lightning current amplitude when the insulator string just starts to flashover, and the first difference reflects the current margin range of the insulator string from a stable state to a flashover state. By setting these parameters, the lightning protection performance of the insulator string can be evaluated more accurately.

[0152] The second calculation module is used to execute the first setting step, and when the above-mentioned insulator string flashes under the current lightning current amplitude, let I 2 =I t , where I t is the above current lightning current amplitude;

[0153] Specifically, when the insulator string flashes under the current lightning current amplitude, let I 2 =I t , where I t is the current lightning current amplitude. This step is used to evaluate the lightning withstand performance of the insulator string by marking the lightning current amplitude that actually causes flashover as the flashover current. Through this setting, the critical flashover condition of the insulator string can be identified.

[0154] The third calculation module is used to execute the second setting step, and when the insulator string does not flash over under the current lightning current amplitude, let I 1 =I t ;

[0155] Specifically, when the insulator string does not flash over under the current lightning current amplitude, let I 1 =I t This setting marks the current lightning current amplitude as the withstand current, which is used to describe the maximum withstand capacity of the insulator string without flashover. Through this setting, the upper limit of the lightning withstand performance of the insulator string can be defined.

[0156] The fourth calculation module is used to execute the calculation step to calculate the minimum flashover current I 2 and the above maximum withstand current I 1 The second difference ΔI is obtained 2 =I 2 -I 1 ;

[0157] Specifically, by calculating the difference between the minimum flashover current and the maximum withstand current, a second difference is obtained, which reflects the margin range of the insulator string from the withstand state to the flashover state under the action of lightning current. The size of the second difference is directly related to the lightning resistance of the insulator string.

[0158] A fifth calculation module is used to calculate the second difference ΔI 2 Less than the first difference ΔI 1 In this case, the above maximum withstand current I 1 Determined as the above lightning withstand level of the above electromagnetic transient simulation model;

[0159] Specifically, when the second difference is less than the first difference, the maximum withstand current is determined as the lightning resistance level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, which indicates that the lightning resistance capacity of the insulator string has reached a critical state and cannot be further improved. Through this setting, the system's ultimate lightning resistance level under the current configuration can be clearly defined.

[0160] The sixth calculation module is used to calculate the second difference ΔI 2 Greater than the first difference ΔI 1 In this case, let the current lightning current amplitude of the above electromagnetic transient simulation model be I t =(I 1 +I 2 ) / 2, repeat the first setting step, the second setting step and the calculation step at least once, until the minimum flashover current I 2 With the above maximum withstand current I 1 The difference is less than the first difference ΔI 1 .

[0161] Specifically, when the second difference is greater than the first difference, the current lightning current amplitude of the electromagnetic transient simulation model is set to I t =(I 1 +I 2 ) / 2, and repeat the first setting step, the second setting step and the calculation step at least once in sequence, until the difference between the minimum flashover current and the maximum withstand current is less than the first difference. Through this iterative process, the critical performance range of the insulator string can be gradually approached, and the lightning resistance level of the system can be accurately determined, ensuring the accuracy of the simulation calculation, avoiding the estimation error of the lightning resistance level caused by parameter deviation, and providing data support for optimizing insulation design and lightning protection configuration.

[0162] In order to determine the maximum lightning resistance level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, in an optional implementation, the configuration parameters of the lightning arrester of the electromagnetic transient simulation model are adjusted, the model calculation step and the lightning resistance level calculation step are repeated to determine the maximum lightning resistance level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, and the first control unit includes:

[0163] A first control module is used to establish a particle swarm by using a particle swarm algorithm, wherein each particle in the particle swarm represents a configuration scheme for installing a lightning arrester, and the configuration scheme includes the number and position of the lightning arrester and the relative distance between the lightning arrester and the tower;

[0164] Specifically, a particle swarm algorithm is used to establish a particle swarm, in which each particle represents a lightning arrester layout scheme, which includes the number of lightning arresters, installation locations, and relative distances from the towers. These configuration schemes help determine the optimal lightning arrester layout through particle swarm optimization search to achieve more efficient lightning protection.

[0165] A second control module is used to calculate the lightning resistance level of each particle;

[0166] Specifically, the lightning resistance level of each particle is calculated, and the lightning resistance capability of the corresponding arrester configuration scheme under the action of lightning current is evaluated.

[0167] The third control module is used to adjust the position of the above-mentioned particles that are not the maximum above-mentioned lightning resistance level until a preset number of iterations is reached or the difference between the above-mentioned lightning resistance levels of two previous and subsequent iterations is less than a predetermined difference, and the maximum above-mentioned lightning resistance level of the current above-mentioned particle group is determined as the above-mentioned highest lightning resistance level.

[0168] Specifically, the positions of particles with lower lightning resistance levels are adjusted, and iterations are continued until the preset maximum number of iterations is reached, or the change in lightning resistance levels between two iterations is less than a predetermined threshold. At this time, the maximum lightning resistance level in the current particle group is determined as the highest lightning resistance level of the system. Through this iterative optimization process, the effect of the lightning arrester configuration scheme can be continuously improved to ensure that the final selected configuration provides the best protection performance under lightning conditions.

[0169] The above-mentioned device for optimizing the arrangement of lightning arresters for power transmission lines includes a processor and a memory, wherein the above-mentioned first establishment unit, the first calculation unit, the second calculation unit, the first control unit, the second control unit, etc. are all stored in the memory as program units, and the processor executes the above-mentioned program units stored in the memory to realize corresponding functions. The above-mentioned modules are all located in the same processor; or, the above-mentioned modules are respectively located in different processors in the form of any combination.

[0170] The processor includes a kernel, which calls the corresponding program unit from the memory. One or more kernels can be set, and the calculation capability of the lightning resistance level of the power system can be improved by adjusting the kernel parameters.

[0171] The memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM, and the memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0172] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes a stored program, wherein when the program is running, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the above-mentioned method for optimizing the layout of lightning arresters for power transmission lines.

[0173] Specifically, a method for optimizing the arrangement of lightning arresters for power transmission lines comprises:

[0174] Step S201, an establishment step, establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model, the electromagnetic transient simulation model is used to simulate the changes in electrical parameters of the power system in various transient electromagnetic phenomena; step S202, a model calculation step, performing simulation calculation on the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data, the simulation data including graphical waveform data of voltage and current changing with time and the flashover state of the insulator string, the insulator string is an insulating component composed of multiple insulators connected in series; step S203, a lightning resistance level calculation step, determining the lightning resistance level of the power system according to the simulation data, The lightning resistance level is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which no flashover occurs in the insulator; step S204, an optimization step, adjusting the arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeating the model calculation step and the lightning resistance level calculation step at least once in sequence, and determining the maximum lightning resistance level of the power system, wherein the arrester configuration parameters include the number and position of the arresters of the power system and the relative distance between the arresters and the towers; step S205, a layout step, laying out the arresters of the power system according to the arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the maximum lightning resistance level.

[0175] An embodiment of the present invention provides a processor, and the processor is used to run a program, wherein the program executes the above-mentioned method for optimizing the layout of lightning arresters for power transmission lines when running.

[0176] Specifically, a method for optimizing the arrangement of lightning arresters for power transmission lines includes:

[0177] Step S201, an establishment step, establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model, the electromagnetic transient simulation model is used to simulate the changes in electrical parameters of the power system in various transient electromagnetic phenomena; step S202, a model calculation step, performing simulation calculation on the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data, the simulation data including graphical waveform data of voltage and current changing with time and the flashover state of the insulator string, the insulator string is an insulating component composed of multiple insulators connected in series; step S203, a lightning resistance level calculation step, determining the lightning resistance level of the power system according to the simulation data, The lightning resistance level is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which no flashover occurs in the insulator; step S204, an optimization step, adjusting the arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeating the model calculation step and the lightning resistance level calculation step at least once in sequence, and determining the maximum lightning resistance level of the power system, wherein the arrester configuration parameters include the number and position of the arresters of the power system and the relative distance between the arresters and the towers; step S205, a layout step, laying out the arresters of the power system according to the arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the maximum lightning resistance level.

[0178] The present application also provides a computer program product, which, when executed on a data processing device, is suitable for executing a program for initializing at least the following method steps:

[0179] Step S201, an establishment step, establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model, the electromagnetic transient simulation model is used to simulate the changes in electrical parameters of the power system in various transient electromagnetic phenomena; step S202, a model calculation step, performing simulation calculation on the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data, the simulation data including graphical waveform data of voltage and current changing with time and the flashover state of the insulator string, the insulator string is an insulating component composed of multiple insulators connected in series; step S203, a lightning resistance level calculation step, determining the lightning resistance level of the power system according to the simulation data, The lightning resistance level is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which no flashover occurs in the insulator; step S204, an optimization step, adjusting the arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeating the model calculation step and the lightning resistance level calculation step at least once in sequence, and determining the maximum lightning resistance level of the power system, wherein the arrester configuration parameters include the number and position of the arresters of the power system and the relative distance between the arresters and the towers; step S205, a layout step, laying out the arresters of the power system according to the arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the maximum lightning resistance level.

[0180] An embodiment of the present application also provides a transmission line arrester layout optimization system, comprising: one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and are configured to be executed by the one or more processors, including executing any one of the above-mentioned feeder group power supply capacity assessment methods.

[0181] Specifically, a method for optimizing the arrangement of lightning arresters for power transmission lines includes:

[0182] Step S201, an establishment step, establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model, the electromagnetic transient simulation model is used to simulate the changes in electrical parameters of the power system in various transient electromagnetic phenomena; step S202, a model calculation step, performing simulation calculation on the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data, the simulation data including graphical waveform data of voltage and current changing with time and the flashover state of the insulator string, the insulator string is an insulating component composed of multiple insulators connected in series; step S203, a lightning resistance level calculation step, determining the lightning resistance level of the power system according to the simulation data, The lightning resistance level is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which no flashover occurs in the insulator; step S204, an optimization step, adjusting the arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeating the model calculation step and the lightning resistance level calculation step at least once in sequence, and determining the maximum lightning resistance level of the power system, wherein the arrester configuration parameters include the number and position of the arresters of the power system and the relative distance between the arresters and the towers; step S205, a layout step, laying out the arresters of the power system according to the arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the maximum lightning resistance level.

[0183] Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that the above modules or steps of the present invention can be implemented by a general computing device, they can be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed on a network composed of multiple computing devices, they can be implemented by a program code executable by a computing device, so that they can be stored in a storage device and executed by the computing device, and in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order than here, or they can be made into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps therein can be made into a single integrated circuit module for implementation. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0184] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented in one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that include computer-usable program code.

[0185] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0186] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0187] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0188] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0189] The memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0190] Computer readable media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. Information can be computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer readable media does not include temporary computer readable media (transitory media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0191] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.

[0192] From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects:

[0193] 1) In a transmission line arrester layout optimization method of the present application, there is an establishment step, establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model, the electromagnetic transient simulation model is used to simulate the changes in electrical parameters of the power system in various transient electromagnetic phenomena; a model calculation step, simulating and calculating the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data, the simulation data includes graphical waveform data of voltage and current changing with time and the flashover state of the insulator string, the insulator string is an insulating component composed of multiple insulators connected in series; a lightning resistance level calculation step, determining the lightning resistance level of the power system according to the simulation data, the lightning resistance level is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator does not flashover; an optimization step, adjusting the arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeating the model calculation step and the lightning resistance level calculation step at least once in sequence, determining the highest lightning resistance level of the power system, the arrester configuration parameters include the number and position of the arresters of the power system and the relative distance between the arresters and the pole towers; a layout step, arranging the arresters of the power system according to the arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the highest lightning resistance level. The present application simulates the transient electromagnetic phenomena of the power system by establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model, calculates the electromagnetic transient simulation model, obtains simulation data, obtains the lightning resistance level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model according to the simulation data, and adjusts the position, number and relative distance from the pole tower of the lightning arrester in the electromagnetic transient simulation model, calculates the maximum lightning resistance level, and obtains the optimal lightning arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model. The lightning resistance level of the power system can be more effectively improved by adjusting the configuration parameters of the lightning arrester, and solves the problem in the prior art that the lightning resistance level of the power system cannot be effectively improved due to unreasonable configuration of the lightning arrester in the power system.

[0194] 2) A transmission line arrester layout optimization device of the present application, a first establishment unit, used to execute the establishment step, establish an electromagnetic transient simulation model, the electromagnetic transient simulation model is used to simulate the changes in electrical parameters of the power system in various transient electromagnetic phenomena; a first calculation unit, used to execute the model calculation step, simulate and calculate the electromagnetic transient simulation model, and obtain simulation data, the simulation data includes graphical waveform data of voltage and current changing with time and the flashover state of the insulator string, the insulator string is an insulating component composed of multiple insulators connected in series; a second calculation unit, used to execute the lightning resistance level calculation step, and determine the lightning resistance level according to the simulation data. The lightning resistance level of the above-mentioned power system is determined, and the above-mentioned lightning resistance level is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which no flashover occurs on the insulator; a first control unit is used to execute the optimization step, adjust the lightning arrester configuration parameters of the above-mentioned electromagnetic transient simulation model, and repeat the above-mentioned model calculation step and the above-mentioned lightning resistance level calculation step at least once in sequence to determine the maximum lightning resistance level of the above-mentioned power system, and the above-mentioned lightning arrester configuration parameters include the number and position of the lightning arresters of the above-mentioned power system and the relative distance between the above-mentioned lightning arresters and the towers; a second control unit is used to execute the layout step, and layout the above-mentioned lightning arresters of the above-mentioned power system according to the above-mentioned lightning arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the above-mentioned maximum lightning resistance level. The present application simulates the transient electromagnetic phenomena of the power system by establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model, calculates the electromagnetic transient simulation model, obtains simulation data, obtains the lightning resistance level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model according to the simulation data, and adjusts the position, number and relative distance from the pole tower of the lightning arrester in the electromagnetic transient simulation model, calculates the maximum lightning resistance level, and obtains the optimal lightning arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model. The lightning resistance level of the power system can be more effectively improved by adjusting the configuration parameters of the lightning arrester, and solves the problem in the prior art that the lightning resistance level of the power system cannot be effectively improved due to unreasonable configuration of the lightning arrester in the power system.

[0195] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the arrangement of lightning arresters for power transmission lines, characterized in that: include: Establishing step, establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model, wherein the electromagnetic transient simulation model is used to simulate the changes of electrical parameters of the power system in various transient electromagnetic phenomena; A model calculation step, performing simulation calculation on the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data, wherein the simulation data includes graphical waveform data of voltage and current varying with time and a flashover state of an insulator string, wherein the insulator string is an insulating component formed by connecting a plurality of insulators in series; A lightning resistance level calculation step, determining the lightning resistance level of the power system according to the simulation data, wherein the lightning resistance level is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator does not flash over; an optimization step, adjusting the arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeating the model calculation step and the lightning resistance level calculation step at least once in sequence, and determining the maximum lightning resistance level of the power system, wherein the arrester configuration parameters include the number and position of the arresters of the power system and the relative distance between the arresters and the towers; The step of laying out the lightning arrester of the power system is performed according to the lightning arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the highest lightning resistance level.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Establish electromagnetic transient simulation model, including: Establish lightning current module, transmission line module, insulator flashover module, tower module and arrester module; The lightning current module, the transmission line module, the insulator flashover module, the tower module and the arrester module are connected according to the actual working condition of the transmission line to obtain an electromagnetic transient simulation model, and determine the lightning strike point of the electromagnetic transient simulation model.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Establish lightning current module, transmission line module, insulator flashover module, tower module and arrester module, including: The Heidler function is selected as the lightning current module, which is used to simulate the waveform characteristics of the lightning current. The Heidler function is Wherein, i(0,t) is the waveform function of the lightning current changing with time, η is the correction coefficient of the lightning current amplitude, I0 is the peak current of the lightning current, n is the current steepness factor, t is the duration of the lightning stroke, τ1 is the time constant that determines the rise of the function, and τ2 is the time constant that determines the decay of the function; Selecting a JMarti overhead line model as the transmission line module, the JMarti overhead line model is a distributed parameter model that reflects frequency-dependent parameter changes of a transmission line under the action of a lightning current, and the transmission line module is used to simulate the frequency change characteristics of a transmission line under the action of the lightning current; Establishing an insulator flashover module, the insulator flashover module is used to determine whether a flashover phenomenon occurs in an insulator string under the action of the lightning current, and output the flashover state of the insulator string; A multi-wave impedance model is selected as the tower module, wherein the multi-wave impedance model is the characteristics of resistance and phase change of electromagnetic waves during transmission on the tower, and the tower module is used to simulate the electromagnetic characteristics of the transmission line tower under the action of the lightning current; A lightning arrester module is established, wherein the lightning arrester module is used to simulate the ability of the lightning arrester to absorb electric energy under the action of the lightning current.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that An insulator flashover module is established to determine whether a flashover phenomenon occurs in an insulator string under the action of the lightning current, including: Establishing the volt-second characteristic function of insulator string Among them, U flash is the flashover voltage of the insulator string, L is the length of the insulator string, and t is the duration of the lightning strike; Calculating the flashover voltage of the insulator string according to the volt-second characteristic function of the insulator string; When the voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator string is greater than the flashover voltage of the insulator string, the insulator string flashes over. The voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator string is the difference in instantaneous voltages borne by the two ends of the insulator string under the action of the lightning current. When the voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator string is less than the flashover voltage of the insulator string, the insulator string does not flashover.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Determining the lightning resistance level of the power system according to the simulation data includes: Set a maximum withstand current I1, a minimum flashover current I2 and a first difference ΔI1, wherein the maximum withstand current is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator string does not flash over under the action of lightning current, and the minimum flashover current is the minimum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator string flashes over; The first setting step is to set I2 = I2 when the insulator string flashes under the current lightning current amplitude. t , where I t is the current lightning current amplitude; In the second setting step, when the insulator string does not flash over at the current lightning current amplitude, let I1 = I t ; A calculation step, calculating the difference between the minimum flashover current I2 and the maximum withstand current I1 to obtain a second difference ΔI2=I2-I1; When the second difference ΔI2 is less than the first difference ΔI1, the maximum withstand current I1 is determined as the lightning withstand level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model; When the second difference ΔI2 is greater than the first difference ΔI1, the current lightning current amplitude of the electromagnetic transient simulation model is set to be I t =(I1+I2) / 2, repeating the first setting step, the second setting step and the calculation step at least once in sequence until the difference between the minimum flashover current I2 and the maximum withstand current I1 is less than the first difference ΔI1.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The configuration parameters of the lightning arrester of the electromagnetic transient simulation model are adjusted, the model calculation step and the lightning resistance level calculation step are repeated, and the maximum lightning resistance level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model is determined, including: A particle swarm is established by using a particle swarm algorithm, wherein each particle in the particle swarm represents a configuration scheme for installing a lightning arrester, and the configuration scheme includes the number and position of the lightning arrester and the relative distance between the lightning arrester and the tower; Calculating the lightning resistance level of each particle; The position of the particle that does not have the maximum lightning resistance level is adjusted until a preset number of iterations is reached or the difference between the lightning resistance levels of two previous and subsequent iterations is less than a predetermined difference, and the maximum lightning resistance level of the current particle group is determined as the highest lightning resistance level.

7. A transmission line arrester layout optimization device, characterized in that: include: A first establishing unit, used to execute the establishing step to establish an electromagnetic transient simulation model, wherein the electromagnetic transient simulation model is used to simulate changes in electrical parameters of the power system in various transient electromagnetic phenomena; A first calculation unit is used to execute a model calculation step, perform simulation calculation on the electromagnetic transient simulation model, and obtain simulation data, wherein the simulation data includes graphical waveform data of voltage and current changing with time and a flashover state of an insulator string, wherein the insulator string is an insulating component formed by connecting a plurality of insulators in series; A second calculation unit is used to perform a lightning resistance level calculation step to determine the lightning resistance level of the power system according to the simulation data, wherein the lightning resistance level is a maximum lightning current amplitude at which no flashover occurs on the insulator; A first control unit is used to perform an optimization step, adjust the arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeat the model calculation step and the lightning resistance level calculation step at least once, and determine the maximum lightning resistance level of the power system, wherein the arrester configuration parameters include the number and position of the arresters of the power system and the relative distance between the arresters and the towers; The second control unit is used to execute the deployment step and deploy the lightning arrester of the power system according to the lightning arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the highest lightning resistance level.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein when the program is executed, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

10. A transmission line arrester layout optimization system, characterized in that: include: One or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and are configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the one or more programs include methods for executing any one of claims 1 to 6.

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