Techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices are described for wireless communication that provide a probabilistic shaping framework for higher order modulation in which probabilistic shaping of a modulation constellation is performed for two or more bits per constellation. The transmitting device may shape the set of information bits using the set of mask bits. The transmitting device may encode, shape, modulate, and transmit the set of information bits to a receiving device, and the receiving device may demodulate, deshape, and decode the received information bits. The transmitting device may transmit a set of shaped bits, which may indicate the set of mask bits. The receiving device may generate the set of mask bits using the set of shaping bits, and may de-shape the information bits using the set of mask bits. In addition, the transmitting device may provide an indication of the number of shaped bits per modulation symbol.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The following relates to wireless communications, including techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation. Background Art

[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. These systems may be able to support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems (such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, advanced LTE (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems) and fifth generation (5G) systems (which may be referred to as new radio (NR) systems). These systems may use techniques such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more base stations, each of which supports wireless communication for a communication device, which may be referred to as a user equipment (UE).

[0003] In some wireless systems, data may be sent to a receiving device by modulating the data into a constellation of modulated symbols. The data may be modulated based on the bit value of a certain number of bits of the data sent in each modulation symbol (e.g., 4 bits in a 16-quadrature amplitude multiplexing (QAM) symbol, 8 bits in a 256-QAM symbol, etc.), and each point in the constellation may have an equal likelihood of use. Enhanced techniques for modulating data into a constellation of modulation symbols may help to enhance the efficiency and reliability of some wireless systems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The described technology relates to improved methods, systems, devices and apparatuses that support techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation. For example, the described technology provides a probabilistic shaping framework for higher order modulation, wherein probabilistic shaping of the modulation constellation is performed for two or more bits per constellation. In some cases, a transmitting device (e.g., a network entity, a user equipment (UE)) may use a set of mask bits to shape a set of information bits (e.g., a set of data bits). The transmitting device may encode, shape, modulate and send the set of information bits to a receiving device (e.g., a UE, a network entity), and the receiving device may demodulate, deshape and decode the received information bits. In some cases, the transmitting device may send a set of shaping bits, and the set of shaping bits may indicate the set of mask bits used to shape the information bits. The receiving device may use the set of shaping bits to generate the set of mask bits, and may use the set of mask bits to deshape the received information bits. In addition, the transmitting device may provide an indication of the number of shaped bits.

[0005] A method for wireless communication at a transmitting device is described. The method may include: identifying a set of information bits to be transmitted to a receiving device; identifying a sequence of signals based on a modulation function between the set of information bits and a set of modulation symbols; generating a shaped bit sequence based on the sequence of signals, wherein the shaped bit sequence is generated from a decoder of a code applied to the sequence of signals; generating a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols based on the set of information bits and the shaped bit sequence, wherein probabilistic shaping is applied to two or more bits in the set of information bits transmitted via the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols; and transmitting the set of information bits to the receiving device using the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols.

[0006] An apparatus for wireless communication at a transmitting device is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: identify a set of information bits to be sent to a receiving device; identify a sequence of signals based on a modulation function between the set of information bits and a set of modulation symbols; generate a shaped bit sequence based on the sequence of signals, wherein the shaped bit sequence is generated from a decoder of a code applied to the sequence of signals; generate a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols based on the set of information bits and the shaped bit sequence, wherein probabilistic shaping is applied to two or more bits in the set of information bits sent via the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols; and send the set of information bits to the receiving device using the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols.

[0007] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a transmitting device is described. The apparatus may include: means for identifying a set of information bits to be transmitted to a receiving device; means for identifying a sequence of signals based on a modulation function between the set of information bits and a set of modulation symbols; means for generating a shaped bit sequence based on the sequence of signals, wherein the shaped bit sequence is generated from a decoder of a code applied to the sequence of signals; means for generating a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols based on the set of information bits and the shaped bit sequence, wherein probabilistic shaping is applied to two or more bits in the set of information bits transmitted via the probabilistically shaped modulation symbols; and means for transmitting the set of information bits to the receiving device using the probabilistically shaped modulation symbols.

[0008] A non-transitory computer-readable medium is described that stores code for wireless communication at a transmitting device. The code may include instructions that can be executed by a processor to: identify a set of information bits to be sent to a receiving device; identify a sequence of signals based on a modulation function between the set of information bits and a set of modulation symbols; generate a shaped bit sequence based on the sequence of signals, wherein the shaped bit sequence is generated from a decoder of a code applied to the sequence of signals; generate a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols based on the set of information bits and the shaped bit sequence, wherein probabilistic shaping is applied to two or more bits in the set of information bits sent via the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols; and send the set of information bits to the receiving device using the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols.

[0009] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the sequence of signals may be a sequence of real numbers corresponding to a sequence of terms of a mapping function between a set of information bits and a set of modulation symbols. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the code applied to the sequence of signals may be a concatenated code including an inner code and an outer code.

[0010] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for determining a set of mask bits based on a matrix associated with an inner code applied to a shaped bit sequence. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, generating a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols may include operations, features, components, or instructions for combining a set of mask bits with a set of information bits. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the shaped bit sequence may be generated by decoding an outer code to convert a sequence of signals having a first length into a second sequence of signals having a second length, and decoding an inner code to convert the second sequence of signals having a second length into a shaped bit sequence, and the first length and the second length are associated with the number of shaped bits per modulation constellation.

[0011] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the mask bit sequence may be determined from a shaping bit sequence, the shaping bit sequence may be applied to a subset of the set of information bits to generate a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols, and the mask bit sequence may have a second length. Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for: sending the shaping bit sequence to a receiving device along with the set of information bits.

[0012] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, generating a shaped bit sequence may include operations, features, components, or instructions for: generating a set of intermediate log-likelihood ratios (LLRs) from a sequence of signals based on an outer code; and decoding the set of intermediate LLRs based on an inner code to generate the shaped bit sequence.

[0013] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for: generating a mask bit sequence from a shaped bit sequence; and interleaving the mask bit sequence to generate an interleaved mask bit sequence applied to a set of information bits. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, when polar codes are used to generate shaped bit sequences, interleaving may be performed using a triangular interleaver. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, when low-density parity codes (LDPC) are used to generate shaped bit sequences, interleaving may be performed using a systematic bit priority mapping (SBPM) interleaver.

[0014] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for: sending an indication of the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol to a receiving device. Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for: may be a function of the modulation order of the communication, may be indicated in a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table, and / or any combination thereof.

[0015] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols includes a first subset of modulation symbols and a second subset of modulation symbols, and the first subset of modulation symbols includes a first number of shaped bits per modulation symbol, and the second subset of modulation symbols includes a second number of shaped bits per modulation symbol, and the first number of bits and the second number of bits may be different.

[0016] A method for wireless communication at a receiving device is described. The method may include: receiving a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols used to transmit a set of information bits and a shaping bit sequence from a transmitting device, wherein the shaping bit sequence indicates probabilistic shaping applied to the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols, the probabilistic shaping applied to two or more bits in the set of information bits transmitted via the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols; determining a set of mask bits based on the shaping bit sequence and a matrix; applying the set of mask bits to the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols to generate a coded set of information bits; and decoding the coded set of information bits to determine the set of information bits.

[0017] An apparatus for wireless communication at a receiving device is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: receive a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols used to transmit a set of information bits and a shaping bit sequence from a transmitting device, wherein the shaping bit sequence indicates probabilistic shaping applied to the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols, the probabilistic shaping applied to two or more bits in the set of information bits transmitted via the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols; determine a set of mask bits based on the shaping bit sequence and a matrix; apply the set of mask bits to the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols to generate a coded set of information bits; and decode the coded set of information bits to determine the set of information bits.

[0018] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a receiving device is described. The apparatus may include: means for receiving a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols used to transmit a set of information bits and a shaping bit sequence from a transmitting device, wherein the shaping bit sequence indicates probabilistic shaping applied to the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols, the probabilistic shaping applied to two or more bits in the set of information bits transmitted via the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols; means for determining a set of mask bits based on the shaping bit sequence and a matrix; means for applying the set of mask bits to the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols to generate a coded set of information bits; and means for decoding the coded set of information bits to determine the set of information bits.

[0019] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a receiving device is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: receive a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols used to transmit a set of information bits and a shaping bit sequence from a transmitting device, wherein the shaping bit sequence indicates probabilistic shaping applied to the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols, the probabilistic shaping applied to two or more bits in the set of information bits transmitted via the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols; determine a set of mask bits based on the shaping bit sequence and a matrix; apply the set of mask bits to the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols to generate a coded set of information bits; and decode the coded set of information bits to determine the set of information bits.

[0020] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the set of mask bits may be determined as the product of a matrix and a shaping bit sequence. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the shaping bit sequence may be received in a set of modulation symbols separate from a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the set of mask bits and the shaping bit sequence may each have an associated length that may be based on the number of shaped bits per modulation constellation.

[0021] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for: deinterleaving a set of mask bits based on an interleaver associated with communications from a receiving device. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, when polar codes are used for communications from a receiving device, deinterleaving may be performed using a triangular interleaver, or when low-density parity codes (LDPC) are used for communications from a receiving device, deinterleaving is performed using a systematic bit priority mapping (SBPM) interleaver.

[0022] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving an indication of a number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol from a transmitting device.

[0023] A method for wireless communication at a transmitting device is described. The method may include: identifying a set of information bits to be sent to a receiving device; identifying a number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol associated with a probabilistic shaping scheme for shaping the set of information bits into a probability distribution of modulated symbols; generating a set of mask bits from the set of information bits, wherein the mask bits are determined based on the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol; applying the set of mask bits to the set of information bits to form a shaped set of information bits; and modulating the shaped set of information bits into probabilistically shaped modulated symbols based on the probabilistic shaping scheme.

[0024] An apparatus for wireless communication at a transmitting device is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: identify a set of information bits to be sent to a receiving device; identify a number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol associated with a probabilistic shaping scheme for shaping the set of information bits into a probability distribution of modulated symbols; generate a set of mask bits from the set of information bits, wherein the mask bits are determined based on the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol; apply the set of mask bits to the set of information bits to form a shaped set of information bits; and modulate the shaped set of information bits into probabilistically shaped modulated symbols based on the probabilistic shaping scheme.

[0025] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a transmitting device is described. The apparatus may include: means for identifying a set of information bits to be transmitted to a receiving device; means for identifying a number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol associated with a probabilistic shaping scheme for shaping the set of information bits into a probability distribution of modulated symbols; means for generating a set of mask bits from the set of information bits, wherein the mask bits are determined based on the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol; means for applying the set of mask bits to the set of information bits to form a shaped set of information bits; and means for modulating the shaped set of information bits into probabilistically shaped modulated symbols based on the probabilistic shaping scheme.

[0026] A non-transitory computer-readable medium is described that stores code for wireless communication at a transmitting device. The code may include instructions that can be executed by a processor to: identify a set of information bits to be sent to a receiving device; identify a number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol associated with a probabilistic shaping scheme for shaping the set of information bits into a probability distribution of modulated symbols; generate a set of mask bits from the set of information bits, wherein the mask bits are determined based on the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol; apply the set of mask bits to the set of information bits to form a shaped set of information bits; and modulate the shaped set of information bits into probabilistically shaped modulated symbols based on the probabilistic shaping scheme.

[0027] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, generating a set of mask bits may include operations, features, components, or instructions for: decoding a sequence of signals associated with a set of information bits based on a code applied to the sequence of signals to generate a sequence of shaping bits; and generating a set of mask bits based on a matrix applicable to the sequence of shaping bits.

[0028] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for: interleaving mask bits before modulating a set of information bits to generate an interleaved sequence of mask bits applied to the set of information bits. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, when polar codes are applied to a sequence of signals, interleaving may be performed using a triangular interleaver. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, when LDPC is applied to a sequence of signals, interleaving may be performed using an SBPM interleaver. Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for: sending probabilistically shaped modulated symbols and shaped bit sequences to a receiving device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system supporting techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0030] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system supporting techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0031] Figure 3 An example of a transmission scheme supporting a technique for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0032] Figure 4 An example of a reception scheme supporting a technique for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0033] Figure 5 An example of a probability distribution for joint probabilistic shaping of a plurality of bits per modulation constellation according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0034] Figure 6 An example of a transmission scheme supporting a technique for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0035] Figure 7 An example of an interleaving scheme supporting a technique for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0036] Figure 8 and Fig. 9 A block diagram of a device supporting techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0037] Fig.10 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation is shown in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0038] Fig.11 A diagram of a system including a UE supporting techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation is shown in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0039] Fig.12 A diagram of a system including network entities supporting techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0040] Figures 13 to 19 A flow chart illustrating a method supporting techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] Some wireless communication systems may utilize relatively high-order modulation to improve the spectral efficiency of wireless transmission. For example, a transmitting device may use 16-quadrature amplitude multiplexing (QAM), 64-QAM, 256-QAM or higher modulation orders to modulate bits. The transmitting device may modulate information (e.g., a stream of data bits) into a constellation of modulated symbols, where the information may be modulated based on the bit value of a certain number of information bits (e.g., 4 bits in a 16-QAM symbol, 8 bits in a 256-QAM symbol, etc.) transmitted in each modulation symbol. In some systems, and each point in the constellation may have an equal likelihood of use. Additionally, in some systems, a probabilistic shaping technique (e.g., probabilistic amplitude shaping (PAS)) providing a non-uniform distribution may be implemented, in which certain constellation points have a higher probability of being selected, which may generate a greater amount of mutual information transmission capability compared to a uniformly distributed constellation. Therefore, such a non-uniform distribution may generate a higher transmission capacity, higher spectral efficiency or generally higher communication quality than a uniform symbol distribution.

[0042] Some shaping strategies (e.g., PAS) may provide a higher likelihood of having a preferred bit value for one bit of the modulation constellation (e.g., in a 16-QAM constellation, if the second bit of a 4-bit sequence has a higher likelihood of being 0, the constellation point will be closer to the origin and have a higher spectral efficiency). Therefore, techniques for shaping for a single bit may provide more efficient communications. Various aspects discussed herein provide probabilistic shaping of modulation constellations, where two or more bits of the modulation constellation may be shaped, which may provide additional gains in efficiency and reliability, particularly for higher order constellations (e.g., 256-QAM or higher).

[0043] In some cases, in order to provide shaping for multiple bits of a modulation constellation, a shaping strategy may be used in which a transmitting device uses a set of mask bits to shape a set of information bits. The mask bits may be determined by taking the terms of the mapping function between the information bits and the modulation symbols as a sequence of real numbers and decoding the sequence of real numbers based on a joint linear code including an inner code and an outer code. According to various aspects as discussed herein, the term "inner code" may be used to refer to a code used to encode a set of shaping bits to a set of mask bits, and the term "outer code" may be used to refer to a code that connects a set of mask bits to a signal generated from a set of information bits and a modulation function. In some cases, the inner code may be an example of a first code, and the outer code may be an example of a second code; or the outer code may be an example of a first code, and the inner code may be an example of a second code; and the joint linear code may refer to decoding using the first code and the second code. The joint linear code may be selected to provide probabilistic shaping for two or more bits. The decoding function provides a mask bit, which may then be used to modify the set of information bits to provide a probabilistically shaped modulation constellation. The information bits and the mask bits are sent to a receiver, which can decode the information bits based on the indicated mask bits provided with the information bits. In some cases, the mask bits can be indicated to the receiver by providing a set of shaped bits compressed using an shaping code (e.g., a linear shaping code).

[0044] Such shaping techniques may support shaping of multiple bits of a modulation constellation, may align the mapping with an NR coding system, and may support selective shaping for different sets of resources. The information bits may be encoded for transmission before or after shaping, and in either case, different channel coding schemes may be used to encode the information bits and the set of shaping bits. In some cases, the transmitting device may also indicate the number of shaped bits per constellation (e.g., as a function of the modulation order, or as an additional parameter in the MCS table). The number of bits per constellation may also be a fraction. In such cases, the number of shaped bits per constellation may be different for different modulation symbols in the same transmission (e.g., 1.5 bits means that 50% of the modulation symbols have 2 bits being shaped and 50% of the modulation symbols have 1 bit being shaped).

[0045] Aspects of the disclosure are first described in the context of wireless communication systems. Aspects of the disclosure are illustrated and described with reference to reception schemes and transmission schemes and exemplary probabilities associated with joint probabilistic shaping for wireless signals. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flow charts associated with techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation.

[0046] Figure 1An example of a wireless communication system 100 supporting techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an Advanced LTE (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or a network operating according to other systems and radio technologies (including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein).

[0047] The network entities 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communication system 100, and may include devices in different forms or with different capabilities. In various examples, the network entities 105 may be referred to as network elements, mobility elements, radio access network (RAN) nodes, or network equipment, among other names. In some examples, the network entities 105 and the UE 115 may communicate wirelessly via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., radio frequency (RF) access links). For example, the network entity 105 may support a coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographic coverage area) within which the UE 115 and the network entity 105 may establish one or more communication links 125. The coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area over which the network entity 105 and the UE 115 may support signal communications in accordance with one or more radio access technologies (RATs).

[0048] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout the coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary or mobile, or stationary and mobile at different times. The UEs 115 may be devices in different forms or with different capabilities. Figure 1 Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in FIG. 1. The UEs 115 described herein may be capable of supporting communications with various types of devices, such as Figure 1 Other UEs 115 or network entities 105 are shown.

[0049] As described herein, a node of the wireless communication system 100 (which may be referred to as a network node or a wireless node) may be a network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein), a UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein), a network controller, an apparatus, a device, a computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, the node may be a UE 115. As another example, the node may be a network entity 105. As another example, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second node or a third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a network entity 105. In other aspects of this example, the first node, the second node, and the third node may be different relative to these examples. Similarly, references to UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, etc. may include disclosure of UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, etc. as nodes. For example, a disclosure that UE 115 is configured to receive information from network entity 105 also discloses that the first node is configured to receive information from a second node.

[0050] In some examples, the network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130, or with each other, or both. For example, the network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130 via one or more backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., according to S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocols). In some examples, the network entities 105 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between the network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130) via the backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., according to X2, Xn, or other interface protocols). In some examples, the network entities 105 may communicate with each other via midhaul communication links 162 (e.g., according to a midhaul interface protocol) or fronthaul communication links 168 (e.g., according to a fronthaul interface protocol) or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication links 120, midhaul communication links 162, or fronthaul communication links 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., electrical links, optical fiber links), one or more wireless links (e.g., radio links, wireless optical links), etc. or various combinations thereof. UE 115 may communicate with core network 130 via communication link 155 .

[0051] One or more of the network entities 105 described herein may include or may be referred to as a base station 140 (e.g., a transceiver base station, a radio base station, an NR base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a Node B, an evolved Node B (eNB), a next generation Node B, or a Gigabit Node B (any of which may be referred to as a gNB), a 5G NB, a next generation eNB (ng-eNB), a Home Node B, a Home Evolved Node B, or other suitable terms). In some examples, the network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, standalone) base station architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single network entity 105 (e.g., a single RAN node, such as a base station 140).

[0052] In some examples, the network entity 105 may be implemented in a disaggregated architecture (e.g., a disaggregated base station architecture, a disaggregated RAN architecture) that may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed between two or more network entities 105, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration initiated by the O-RAN Alliance), or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN)). For example, the network entity 105 may include one or more of the following: a central unit (CU) 160, a distributed unit (DU) 165, a radio unit (RU) 170, a RAN intelligent controller (RIC) 175 (e.g., a near real-time RIC (near RT RIC), a non-real-time RIC (non-RT RIC)), a service management and orchestration (SMO) 180 system, or any combination thereof. The RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH), a remote radio unit (RRU), or a transmit receive point (TRP). One or more components of the network entity 105 in the decomposed RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entity 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations). In some examples, one or more network entities 105 of the decomposed RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., virtual CU (VCU), virtual DU (VDU), virtual RU (VRU)).

[0053] The functional split between CU 160, DU 165, and RU 170 is flexible and may support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, and any combination thereof) are performed at CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between CU 160 and DU 165 such that CU 160 may support one or more layers of a protocol stack and DU 165 may support one or more different layers of a protocol stack. In some examples, CU 160 may host higher protocol layer (e.g., layer 3 (L3), layer 2 (L2)) functionality and signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC), service data adaptation protocol (SDAP), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP)). The CU 160 may be connected to one or more DUs 165 or RUs 170, and the one or more DUs 165 or RUs 170 may host lower protocol layers, such as layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160. Additionally or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between the DUs 165 and RUs 170, such that the DUs 165 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack, and the RUs 170 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DUs 165 may support one or more different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs 170). In some cases, the functional split between CU 160 and DU 165 or between DU 165 and RU 170 may be within the protocol layer (e.g., some functions of the protocol layer may be performed by one of CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by different ones of CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170). CU 160 may be further functionally split into CU control plane (CU-CP) functions and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. CU 160 may be connected to one or more DUs 165 via midhaul communication links 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u), and DU 165 may be connected to one or more RUs 170 via fronthaul communication links 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface). In some examples, midhaul communication link 162 or fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented based on an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities 105 that communicate via such communication links.

[0054] In a wireless communication system (e.g., wireless communication system 100), infrastructure and spectrum resources for radio access may support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, thereby providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to a core network 130). In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more network entities 105 (e.g., IAB nodes 104) may be partially controlled by each other. One or more IAB nodes 104 may be referred to as donor entities or IAB donors. One or more DUs 165 or one or more RUs 170 may be controlled in part by one or more CUs 160 associated with a donor network entity 105 (e.g., a donor base station 140). One or more donor network entities 105 (e.g., IAB donors) may communicate with one or more additional network entities 105 (e.g., IAB nodes 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication links 120). The IAB node 104 may include an IAB mobile terminal (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by a coupled IAB donor's DU 165. The IAB-MT may include an independent set of antennas for relaying communications with the UE 115, or may share the same antennas of the IAB node 104 (e.g., of the RU 170) for access via the DU 165 of the IAB node 104 (e.g., referred to as a virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT)). In some examples, the IAB node 104 may include a DU 165 that supports communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB node 104, UE 115) within a relay chain or configuration (e.g., downstream) of the access network. In such cases, one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture (e.g., one or more IAB nodes 104 or components of the IAB node 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.

[0055] For example, an access network (AN) or RAN may include an access node (e.g., an IAB donor), communications between an IAB node 104, and one or more UEs 115. The IAB donor may facilitate a connection between the core network 130 and the AN (e.g., via a wired or wireless connection to the core network 130). That is, the IAB donor may refer to a RAN node having a wired or wireless connection to the core network 130. The IAB donor may include a CU 160 and at least one DU 165 (e.g., and RU 170), wherein the CU 160 may communicate with the core network 130 via an interface (e.g., a backhaul link). The IAB donor and the IAB node 104 may communicate via an F1 interface according to a protocol defining a signaling message (e.g., an F1 AP protocol). Additionally or alternatively, CU 160 may communicate with the core network via an interface (which may be an example of a portion of a backhaul link) and may communicate with other CUs 160 (e.g., CU 160 associated with an alternative IAB donor) via an Xn-C interface (which may be an example of a portion of a backhaul link).

[0056] An IAB node 104 may refer to a RAN node that provides IAB functionality (e.g., access for UE 115, wireless self-backhaul capabilities, etc.). DU 165 may act as a distributed scheduling node toward child nodes associated with IAB node 104, and IAB-MT may act as a scheduled node toward a parent node associated with IAB node 104. That is, an IAB donor may be referred to as a parent node that communicates with one or more child nodes (e.g., an IAB donor may relay for UE transmissions through one or more other IAB nodes 104). Additionally or alternatively, depending on the relay chain or configuration of the AN, an IAB node 104 may also be referred to as a parent node or child node of other IAB nodes 104. Thus, the IAB-MT entity of the IAB node 104 may provide a Uu interface for the child IAB node 104 to receive signaling from the parent IAB node 104 , and a DU interface (eg, DU 165 ) may provide a Uu interface for the parent IAB node 104 to signal to the child IAB node 104 or the UE 115 .

[0057] For example, the IAB node 104 may be referred to as a parent node that supports communications for a child IAB node, or as a child IAB node associated with an IAB donor, or both. The IAB donor may include a CU 160 having a wired or wireless connection (e.g., backhaul communication link 120) to the core network 130, and may act as a parent node of the IAB node 104. For example, the DU 165 of the IAB donor may relay transmissions to the UE 115 through the IAB node 104, or may signal the transmissions directly to the UE 115, or both. The CU 160 of the IAB donor may signal the IAB node 104 that a communication link is established via the F1 interface, and the IAB node 104 may schedule transmissions (e.g., transmissions relayed from the IAB donor to the UE 115) via the DU 165. That is, data may be relayed to and from the IAB node 104 via signaling via the NR Uu interface of the MT to the IAB node 104. Communications with the IAB node 104 may be scheduled by the DU 165 of the IAB donor, and communications with the IAB node 104 may be scheduled by the DU 165 of the IAB node 104 .

[0058] Where the techniques described herein are applied in the context of a disaggregated RAN architecture, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture may be configured to support the techniques described herein for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation. For example, some operations described as being performed by a UE 115 or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may additionally or alternatively be performed by one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., an IAB node 104, a DU 165, a CU 160, a RU 170, a RIC 175, a SMO 180).

[0059] UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable term, where "device" may also be referred to as other examples such as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client. UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, UE 115 may include or may be referred to as other examples such as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communication (MTC) device, which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances or vehicles, meters, and other examples.

[0060] The UE 115 described herein may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115, which may sometimes act as relays, as well as network entities 105 and network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, etc. Figure 1 shown.

[0061] The UE 115 and the network entity 105 may use resources associated with one or more carriers to wirelessly communicate with each other via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., access links). The term "carrier" may refer to a collection of RF spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting the communication link 125. For example, a carrier for the communication link 125 may include a portion (e.g., bandwidth portion (BWP)) of an RF spectrum band that operates according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling for coordinating carrier operations, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communication system 100 may support communications with the UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. Depending on the carrier aggregation configuration, the UE 115 may be configured to have multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers. Carrier aggregation may be used for both frequency division duplex (FDD) component carriers and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers. Communication between the network entity 105 and other devices may refer to communication between these devices and any part (e.g., entity, sub-entity) of the network entity 105. For example, the terms "send", "receive", or "communicate" when referring to the network entity 105 may refer to any part of the network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, CU 160, DU 165, RU 170) of the RAN communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities 105).

[0062] In some examples, such as in a carrier aggregation configuration, a carrier may also have acquisition signaling or control signaling that coordinates the operation of other carriers. A carrier may be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., an Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) Absolute RF Channel Number (EARFCN)) and may be identified according to a channel raster for discovery by UE 115. A carrier may operate in a standalone mode, in which case initial acquisition and connection may be made by UE 115 via the carrier, or a carrier may operate in a non-standalone mode, in which case a different carrier (e.g., of the same or different radio access technology) is used to anchor the connection.

[0063] The communication link 125 shown in the wireless communication system 100 may include downlink transmissions (e.g., forward link transmissions) from the network entity 105 to the UE 115, uplink transmissions (e.g., return link transmissions) from the UE 115 to the network entity 105, or both, as well as other transmission configurations. A carrier may carry downlink communications or uplink communications (e.g., in FDD mode), or may be configured to carry downlink communications and uplink communications (e.g., in TDD mode).

[0064] A carrier may be associated with a particular bandwidth of the RF spectrum, and in some examples, the carrier bandwidth may be referred to as the "system bandwidth" of the carrier or wireless communication system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth may be one of a set of bandwidths of carriers of a particular radio access technology (e.g., 1.4 megahertz (MHz), 3 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz, 20 MHz, 40 MHz, or 80 MHz). A device of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., a network entity 105, a UE 115, or both) may have a hardware configuration that supports communications using a particular carrier bandwidth, or may be capable of being configured to support communications using one of the carrier bandwidths in the set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may include a network entity 105 or a UE 115 that supports concurrent communications using carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each served UE 115 may be configured to operate using a portion (e.g., a subband, a BWP) or all of a carrier bandwidth.

[0065] The signal waveform transmitted via the carrier may include multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system using MCM techniques, a resource element may refer to a resource of one symbol period (e.g., the duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and the subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both), so that a relatively high number of resource elements (e.g., in the transmission duration) and a relatively high order modulation scheme may correspond to a relatively high communication rate. Wireless communication resources may refer to a combination of RF spectrum resources, time resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers, beams), and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity of communications with UE 115.

[0066] The time interval for the network entity 105 or the UE 115 may be expressed in multiples of a basic time unit, which may be, for example, a sampling period T s =1 / (Δf max·N f ) seconds, where Δf max It can represent the supported subcarrier spacing, and N f The supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size may be indicated. The time intervals of the communication resources may be organized according to radio frames each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., in the range of 0 to 1023).

[0067] Each frame may include a plurality of consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided into subframes (e.g., in the time domain), and each subframe may be further divided into a certain number of time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include a certain number of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of a cyclic prefix added before each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, a time slot may be further divided into a plurality of mini-time slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., N f The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating frequency band.

[0068] A subframe, a time slot, a mini-time slot, or a symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communication system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., the number of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in a burst of a shortened TTI (sTTI)).

[0069] According to various techniques, physical channels may be multiplexed using carriers for communication. For example, one or more of a time division multiplexing (TDM) technique, a frequency division multiplexing (FDM) technique, or a hybrid TDM-FDM technique may be used to multiplex physical control channels and physical data channels for signaling via a downlink carrier. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) of a physical control channel may be defined by a set of symbol periods and may extend across a system bandwidth or a subset of a system bandwidth of a carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of UEs 115. For example, one or more UEs in UE 115 may monitor or search a control region to obtain control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or more control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. The aggregation level of a control channel candidate may refer to the amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with coded information for a control information format having a given payload size. The search space sets may include a common search space set configured for transmitting control information to a plurality of UEs 115 , and a UE-specific search space set for transmitting control information to a specific UE 115 .

[0070] In some examples, the network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140, RUs 170) may be mobile and, therefore, provide communication coverage for mobile coverage areas 110. In some examples, different coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but the different coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same network entity 105. In some other examples, overlapping coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities 105. The wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of network entities 105 provide coverage for various coverage areas 110 using the same or different radio access technologies.

[0071] Some UEs 115, such as MTC or IoT devices, may be low-cost or low-complexity devices and may provide automated communication between machines (e.g., via machine-to-machine (M2M) communication). M2M communication or MTC may refer to data communication technology that allows devices to communicate with each other or with a network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) without human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTC may include communications from devices that integrate sensors or meters to measure or capture information and relay such information to a central server or application that uses the information or presents the information to a person interacting with the application. Some UEs 115 may be designed to collect information or implement automated behavior of machines or other devices. Examples of applications for MTC devices include: smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, health care monitoring, wildlife monitoring, weather and geographic event monitoring, queue management and tracking, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based commercial charging.

[0072] The wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC). The UE 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable or low-latency or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communication may include private communication or group communication, and may be supported by one or more services (such as push-to-talk, video, or data). Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritization of services, and such services may be used for public safety applications or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, and ultra-reliable low-latency are used interchangeably herein.

[0073] In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured to support communication directly with other UEs 115 via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., according to a peer-to-peer (P2P), D2D, or sidelink protocol). In some examples, one or more UEs 115 in a group that are performing D2D communication may be within a coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, a RU 170), which may support aspects of such D2D communication configured (e.g., scheduled) by the network entity 105. In some examples, one or more UEs 115 in such a group may be outside of the coverage area 110 of the network entity 105, or may otherwise be unable or not configured to receive transmissions from the network entity 105. In some examples, a group of UEs 115 communicating via D2D communication may support a one-to-many (1:M) system, in which each UE 115 transmits to each of the other UEs 115 in the group. In some examples, network entity 105 may facilitate scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In some other examples, D2D communications may be conducted between UEs 115 without involving network entity 105.

[0074] In some systems, the D2D communication link 135 can be an example of a communication channel (such as a sidelink communication channel) between vehicles (e.g., UE 115). In some examples, the vehicles can communicate using vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, or some combination of these items. The vehicles can signal information related to traffic conditions, signal scheduling, weather, safety, emergency situations, or any other information related to the V2X system. In some examples, vehicles in the V2X system can communicate with roadside infrastructure (such as roadside units), or communicate with the network via one or more network nodes (e.g., network entity 105, base station 140, RU 170) using vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication, or both.

[0075] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), which may include at least one control plane entity (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF)) for managing access and mobility and at least one user plane entity (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), a packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or a user plane function (UPF)) for routing packets or interconnecting to an external network. The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management of UE 115 served by a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be delivered through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation and other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to an IP service 150 for one or more network operators. IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0076] The wireless communication system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands that may be in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). In general, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is referred to as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the length of the wavelength ranges from about one decimeter to one meter. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features (which may be referred to as clusters), but these waves may be sufficient to penetrate structures so that macro cells provide services to UEs 115 located indoors. Communications using UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 kilometers) than communications using the lower frequencies and longer wavelengths of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portions of the spectrum below 300 MHz.

[0077] The wireless communication system 100 may also operate using a super high frequency (SHF) region (also known as a centimeter band) that may be in the range of 3 GHz to 30 GHz or an extremely high frequency (EHF) region (e.g., 30 GHz to 300 GHz) (also known as a millimeter band) using a spectrum. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support millimeter wave (mmW) communications between UE 115 and network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170), and the EHF antenna of the corresponding device may be smaller and closer than the UHF antenna. In some examples, such technology may facilitate the use of antenna arrays within the device. However, the propagation of EHF transmissions may be subject to even greater attenuation and shorter distances than SHF or UHF transmissions. The technology disclosed herein may be adopted across transmissions using one or more different frequency regions, and the use of frequency bands specified across these frequency regions may vary by country or regulatory agency.

[0078] The wireless communication system 100 may utilize both licensed RF spectrum bands and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may employ license assisted access (LAA), LTE unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology using unlicensed bands (such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band). When operating using unlicensed RF spectrum bands, devices such as network entity 105 and UE 115 may employ carrier sensing for conflict detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations using unlicensed bands may be based on carrier aggregation configuration (e.g., LAA) in combination with component carriers operating using licensed bands. Operations using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, etc.

[0079] The network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas that can be used to employ technologies such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication, or beamforming. The antennas of the network entity 105 or UE 115 may be located in one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels that can support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, antennas or antenna arrays associated with the network entity 105 may be located at different geographical locations. The network entity 105 may include an antenna array having a set of rows and columns of antenna ports that the network entity 105 can use to support beamforming for communications with the UE 115. Similarly, the UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that can support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, the antenna panel may support RF beamforming for signals sent via the antenna ports.

[0080] The network entity 105 or UE 115 may use MIMO communication to utilize multipath signal propagation and increase spectral efficiency by sending or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. Such technology may be referred to as spatial multiplexing. Multiple signals may be, for example, sent by a transmitting device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Similarly, multiple signals may be received by a receiving device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals may be referred to as a separate spatial stream and may carry information associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords). Different spatial layers may be associated with different antenna ports for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO technology includes single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO) in which multiple spatial layers are sent to the same receiving device, and multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) in which multiple spatial layers are sent to multiple devices.

[0081] Beamforming (which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a network entity 105, a UE 115) to shape or direct an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array so that some signals propagating along a particular orientation relative to the antenna array experience constructive interference, while other signals experience destructive interference. Adjustments to signals communicated via antenna elements may include the transmitting device or the receiving device applying an amplitude offset, a phase offset, or both to signals carried via antenna elements associated with the device. Adjustments associated with each of these antenna elements may be defined by a set of beamforming weights associated with a particular orientation (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting device or the receiving device, or relative to some other orientation).

[0082] The wireless communication system 100 may be a packet-based network that operates according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, the communication at the bearer or PDCP layer may be IP-based. The RLC layer may perform packet segmentation and reassembly to communicate via logical channels. The MAC layer may perform priority processing and multiplexing of logical channels to transport channels. The MAC layer may also implement error detection techniques, error correction techniques, or both to support retransmission to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the RRC layer may provide the establishment, configuration, and maintenance of an RRC connection that supports a radio bearer for user plane data between the UE 115 and the network entity 105 or the core network 130. The PHY layer may map a transport channel to a physical channel.

[0083] In some cases, a transmitting device (e.g., UE 115 or network entity 105) may use probabilistic shaping of a modulation constellation in transmission, wherein probabilistic shaping is performed for two or more bits per constellation. In some cases, a transmitting device may use a set of mask bits to shape a set of information bits (e.g., a set of data bits). The transmitting device may encode, shape, modulate, and send the set of information bits to a receiving device (e.g., network entity 105, UE 115), and the receiving device may demodulate, deshape, and decode the received information bits. In some cases, the transmitting device may send a set of shaping bits, which may indicate the set of mask bits used to shape the information bits. The receiving device may use the set of shaping bits to generate the set of mask bits, and may use the set of mask bits to deshape the received information bits. In addition, in some cases, the transmitting device may provide an indication of the number of shaped bits.

[0084] Figure 2An example of a wireless communication system 200 that supports techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The wireless communication system 200 may include a network entity 105-a and a UE 115-a, which may be a wireless communication system 200 of the type described herein. Figure 1 Examples of corresponding devices described. The network entity 105-a and the UE 115-a may communicate with each other in an uplink or a downlink, wherein the UE 115-a may transmit in an uplink and the network entity 105-a may transmit in a downlink. In some cases, the UE 115-a may additionally or alternatively communicate with another UE 115, such as via sidelink communications. A device that transmits a signal (e.g., in an uplink, a downlink, or a sidelink) may be referred to as a transmitting device, and a device that receives a transmitted signal (e.g., in an uplink, a downlink, or a sidelink) may be referred to as a receiving device.

[0085] exist Figure 2 In an example of a wireless communication system 200, a network entity 105-a and a UE 115-a communicate via an uplink channel 205 or a downlink channel 210 (e.g., when the UE 115-a may additionally or alternatively communicate with another UE 115 via a sidelink channel). For example, the network entity 105-a, the UE 115-a, or both may transmit a signal modulated to represent a set of bits 215. Thus, the bits 215 (e.g., a modulated signal representing the bits 215) may be communicated between the network entity 105-a and the UE 115-a via the uplink channel 205 or the downlink channel 210. For example, the data bits 215 may be transmitted via a distribution of modulated symbols, where each symbol in the distribution may represent one or more bits.

[0086] Some wireless communication systems (e.g., cellular, Wi-Fi, etc.) may utilize higher order modulation (e.g., 16-QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, etc.) to improve the spectral efficiency of wireless transmissions at higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values. In such systems, the constellation of unshaped modulated symbols may be fixed (e.g., may be a square constellation), where each constellation point (e.g., value, symbol) may have the same probability of being used as another constellation point (e.g., the probability of each constellation point being used may be equal).

[0087] According to various aspects discussed herein, in some cases, the distribution of symbols may be shaped so that different symbols may have different probabilities of use, wherein such a distribution may be referred to as a non-uniform distribution of symbols or probabilistically shaped symbols. In some cases, probabilistic shaping may be used to improve the spectral efficiency of coded modulation, and non-uniformly distributed coded modulation symbols or non-uniformly distributed constellations may be generated. In some examples, non-uniformly distributed QAM may have a higher capacity than uniformly distributed QAM. Such non-uniform distribution may result in higher transmission capacity, higher spectral efficiency, or generally higher communication quality than uniform symbol distribution. For example, at the same SNR, a non-uniformly distributed constellation may be associated with greater mutual information (e.g., information I, which is defined by parameters X and Y) than a uniformly distributed constellation.

[0088] An example of a probabilistic shaping framework may be PAS (e.g., distribution matching). PAS may shape the amplitude of a constellation of modulated symbols (e.g., the amplitude may be non-uniform) while keeping the indices of the constellation uniformly distributed. In some examples, PAS may be performed before or after channel decoding of the information bits.

[0089] The present disclosure provides a technique for probabilistic shaping of a modulation constellation, wherein two or more bits of the modulation constellation may be shaped. A transmitting device (e.g., a network entity 105-a, a UE 115-a) may encode, shape, modulate, and send information bits to a receiving device (e.g., a UE 115-a, a network entity 105-a), and the receiving device may demodulate, deshape, and decode the received information bits. In addition to sending information bits to a receiving device, the transmitting device may also send a set of shaping bits, which may indicate a set of mask bits used to probabilistically shape the information bits. The receiving device may use the set of shaping bits to generate the set of mask bits, and may use the set of mask bits to deshape the received information bits. The information bits may be encoded for transmission before or after shaping, and in either case, different channel coding schemes may be used to encode the information bits and the set of shaping bits. The shaping bits and the information bits may be modulated separately or jointly for transmission to a receiving device.

[0090] In some cases, the transmitting device may shape the bits for transmission by generating a mask bit sequence from the shaping bit sequence and combining the information bits and the mask bit sequence. The shaping bit sequence may also be decoded to generate coded shaping bits. The information bits may be encoded separately from the shaping bit sequence, and both the coded shaping bit sequence and the coded information bits may be further modulated into one or more constellations (e.g., modulated jointly or separately). The network entity 105-a may send the shaped constellation of the information bits (e.g., bit 215) and the shaped bit sequence to the receiving device (e.g., UE 115-a, network entity 105-a), such as via the downlink channel 210, the uplink channel 205, or the side link channel. In some cases, the transmitting device may indicate the number of shaped bits per modulation constellation. Additionally or alternatively, the transmitting device may interleave the mask bits to generate an interleaved mask bit sequence applied to the information bits.

[0091] The receiving device may receive, demodulate, deshape, and decode the shaped constellation received from the transmitting device. The receiving device may first demodulate and decode the shaped bit sequence from the received signaling, and use the shaped bit sequence to generate a mask bit sequence. The receiving device may demodulate the shaped information bits and may use the mask bit sequence to deshape or demask the information bits. The UE 115-a may decode the information bits from the deshaped information bits, for example, using a channel code (e.g., where the channel code may protect the information payload).

[0092] In some existing PAS techniques, single-bit probabilistic shaping may be performed, where one bit of the modulation constellation is shaped. According to various techniques discussed herein, multiple-bit probabilistic shaping may be performed, where two or more bits of the modulation constellation are shaped. Figure 3 Examples of different numbers of bits that may be probabilistically shaped are illustrated.

[0093] Figure 3 An example of a probability distribution 300 for joint probabilistic shaping of a plurality of bits per modulation constellation according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The probability distribution 300 may be used by a transmitting device (e.g., a UE 115, a network entity 105) that may modulate and transmit a modulation constellation 305, which may be a probabilistically shaped constellation, such as those described herein. The modulation constellation 305 transmitted to a receiving device may be a reference constellation. Figure 2 An example of position 215 is described.

[0094] exist Figure 3In the example of , a 16-Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) modulation constellation 305 is illustrated. The examples discussed herein use the convention that one complex constellation point (e.g., 256-QAM) contains two real constellation points / dimensions corresponding to the real and imaginary parts of the same complex constellation point, respectively (e.g., 256-QAM can be decomposed into two 16-PAM signals / constellation points, and thus the product of 16-PAM and 16-PAM corresponds to a 256-QAM modulation constellation). In the first example 310, the probabilities of different constellation points are illustrated for one shaped bit per modulation constellation. In the second example 315, the probabilities of different constellation points are illustrated for two shaped bits per modulation constellation. The number of shaped bits per modulation constellation may refer to the number of bits per real modulation constellation, and the corresponding imaginary part of the modulation constellation may also have a certain number of shaped bits.

[0095] In a first example 310, the second bit (e.g., b1) of the four bits per constellation point (e.g., b0, b1, b2, b3) is probabilistically shaped. Since b1=0 represents all inner constellations (i.e., the eight constellation points closest to the origin) and b1=1 represents all outer constellation points (i.e., the eight constellation points farthest from the origin), this bit selection for the shaped bit has the greatest impact on the power of the constellation. This single bit shaping provides a first probability (p1) for the outer constellation points and a second, higher probability (p2) for the inner constellation points. As Figure 3 As illustrated, this technique provides a large amount of shaping gain by shaping only bit b0. For example, if a set of 4 bits [b0, b1, b2, b3] is mapped to constellation x, the power change δ caused by flipping bit b1 can be calculated. As an example, if [b0, b1, b2, b3] =

[1110] , then setting v = 1 (i.e., flipping b1 from 1 to 0 using b1 + v) moves the constellation point from

[1110] to

[1010] , which produces a power saving of 13 as shown in the figure. 2 -3 2 = 160 (and if v = 0, the power saving is 0). Conversely, if [b0, b1, b2, b3] =

[1010] , the power saving of flipping b1 is 3 2 –13 2 = –160. Therefore, flipping bit b1 will increase the power.

[0096] A cost function may be defined based on the value of b1, where the cost function is c([b0, b2, b3]) = power([b0, 1, b2, b3]) - power([b0, 0, b2, b3]). Then, a mask sequence V = [v1, ..., v n ]. In some cases, V may be selected from a codebook of mask sequences according to:

[0097]

[0098] In particular, the codebook C can be formed with a linear code according to V = S·G, where S represents a vector of shaped bits whose length is less than V, and G is a generator matrix. It can be seen that this is equivalent to the channel decoding problem, where (1-2v j ) is a binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulated transmit signal, and is the received signal. Thus, a known channel coding scheme (eg, polar code / low density parity check (LDPC) code) can be used to generate a shaping bit sequence S and a mask bit sequence V from the signal b.

[0099] While shaping one bit per modulation constellation provides enhanced power characteristics for transmitted modulation symbols, for relatively high-order constellations or relatively low communication rates, providing shaping for two or more bits per modulation constellation may be beneficial. According to various aspects discussed herein, shaping for two or more bits per modulation constellation may be provided by a transmitting device applying a mask bit to two or more bits per modulation constellation (e.g., two or more bits per real modulation constellation). For example, in Figure 3 In the second example 315 of , two shaped bits per modulation constellation provide four different probability levels, indicated as p3, p4, p5, p6 for each set of two constellation points from farthest from the origin to towards the origin. This multiple bit shaping therefore provides a significant benefit because the shaping gain is further enhanced for the constellation points closest to the origin. However, simply extending the one-bit shaping technique discussed above to multiple bits does not produce a power saving function in the form of equation (1) that can be decoded to generate the shaped bits. That is, if multiple bits are shaped simultaneously, the cost function will not have a compact form as in equation (1) (as a correlation between some real-valued vector and the shaped bits).

[0100] According to various techniques discussed herein, generation of a sequence of signals (e.g., real-valued numbers) that can be used by a decoder to generate mask bits and shaping bits is provided, the sequence of signals allowing decoding to generate two or more mask bits per (real) constellation point. In some cases, the two or more mask bits per constellation point can be generated from the same shaping code. In one example, in the case of higher order modulation such as 256-QAM modulation, the octets of bits b(8i), b(8i+1), b(8i+2), b(8i+3), b(8i+4), b(8i+5), b(8i+6), b(8i+7) are mapped to complex-valued modulation symbols d(i) according to

[0101]

[0102] If it is expressed as: 1-2b(8i)=x0; 1-2b(8i+2)=x1; 1-2b(8i+4)=x2; 1-2b(8i+6)=x3, then the real part above can be written as (note that x0, x1, x2, x3, all take values ​​in {+1,-1}):

[0103]

[0104] The imaginary part of the constellation can be written in a similar form. Now, if we evaluate the power of the above expression, and it turns out that For all i=0, 1, 2, 3, we obtain:

[0105]

[0106] And observe that the power of the constellation depends on the value of x through the terms x1,x2,x1x2.

[0107] In one example, two bits may be shaped, where bit b1 and bit b2 are shaped via v1 and v2.

[0108] The power j of the "masked" constellation point can be rewritten as follows:

[0109]

[0110] The goal is to find the mask bit sequence from the codebook generated by a linear code (of k information bits and block length 2n) The linear code for a given data payload Minimize the above equation. In some cases, the transmitter can send a sequence of real numbers is considered as the received signal corresponding to a concatenated code, where the inner code is a (k,2n) linear shaping code and the outer code is a (2,3) simplex code For example, the outer code may be taken as every two mask bits associated with the same modulation constellation and is encoded as three bits in represents a bitwise exclusive OR (XOR) operation. Note that the sign of the log likelihood ratio (LLR) is opposite compared to equation (2) because for shaping, it is desirable to minimize the transmit power, but for decoding, it is desirable to maximize the correlation between the received signal and the transmitted codeword. By the above method, the transmitter can decode the concatenated code and obtain the shaped bit {s i} i＝0,…,k-1 And the mask bit Various examples of shaping bits and mask bit generation are discussed herein. The transmitter may apply these mask bits to each modulation symbol to generate probabilistically shaped modulation symbols that are sent to the receiver. The transmitter may also send an indication of the shaping bits to the receiver for use in decoding the transmitted modulation symbols. Figures 4 to 7 Examples of transmission schemes and reception schemes for probabilistically shaped modulation symbols are discussed for various examples.

[0111] Figure 4 An example of a transmission scheme 400 supporting techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 4 may be an example of one or more features of a framework for probabilistic shaping of higher order modulation. The framework may include reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 One or more of the features described. For example, Figure 4 One or more techniques are illustrated for processing information bits 405 (eg, u) to code, shape, and modulate the information bits 405 (eg, data) for transmission (eg, using one or more shaping techniques described herein).

[0112] For example, a transmitting device (e.g., UE 115, network entity 105) may use channel decoding 410-a (e.g., a channel decoding scheme) to directly encode the information bits 405. After performing channel decoding, the information bits 405 may be referred to as coded information bits 415 (e.g., x). At 420, the transmitting device may use the coded information bits 415 to generate a set of mask bits 425, wherein the set of mask bits 425 may have the same number of bits (e.g., n bits) as the coded information bits 415. The mask bits may be used to reshape the coded information bits 415 by applying masking or scrambling to the coded information bits 415. The set of mask bits 425 may be a sequence of bits (e.g., v bits), which may depend on the coded information bits 415 (e.g., x), such that by applying shaping to two or more bits per modulation constellation, the combination of the set of mask bits 425 and the coded information bits 415 (e.g., x⊕v) may be unevenly distributed (e.g., shaping or probability distribution may be achieved).

[0113] For example, after modulation, the combination of the set of mask bits 425 and the encoded information bits 415 (e.g., x⊕v) may produce a desired distribution of modulated symbols (e.g., a non-uniform distribution). In some examples, information about the set of mask bits 425 may not be available to a receiving device (e.g., UE 115, network entity 105). Thus, information associated with the set of mask bits 425 may be sent to a receiver for deshaping and decoding the received information bits. For example, as discussed herein, a transmitting device may generate a set of shaping bits 435, which may be used to generate a mask (e.g., v, the set of mask bits 425) to mask the encoded information bits 415. For example, the shaping bits 435 may be generated by decoding a concatenated code as discussed herein, and the mask bits 425 may be equal to the shaping bits 435 multiplied by a generator matrix (e.g., G). In some examples, mask bits 425 may be generated (eg, regenerated by a receiving device, generated by a transmitting device) from shaped bits 435 via a linear block code (eg, polar code, other code) using a generator matrix.

[0114] At 430, the transmitting device may mask or shape the coded information bits 415 by combining (e.g., adding together) the coded information bits 415 with a set of mask bits 425. As described herein, the combination of the mask bits 425 and the coded information bits 415 may produce a desired distribution of symbols (e.g., a non-uniform distribution of symbols) after modulation. At 445, the shaped coded information bits 415 may be modulated (e.g., for transmission to a receiving device) by the transmitting device, which may generate one or more shaped constellations 450 of modulated symbols, wherein two or more bits per modulation symbol are probabilistically shaped.

[0115] In this example, the shaping bits 435 may be channel decoded using channel decoding 410-b, which may generate coded shaping bits 440. Channel decoding 410-b may represent a channel decoding that is different or separate from channel decoding 410-a, such that the set of shaping bits 435 may be encoded separately from the information bits 405. Thus, the coded information bits 415 and the coded shaping bits 440 may use different coding rates, different modulation orders, different numbers of spatial layers, etc. At 445, the coded shaping bits 440 may be modulated by a transmitting device (e.g., for transmission to a receiving device). It should be noted that while channel decoding 410-a in this example is performed before applying the mask bits to the information bits, in other examples, channel decoding may be performed after masking the information bits. In some examples, the mask bits may be interleaved, as described with reference to FIG. Figure 7 discussed in more detail.

[0116] Figure 5An example of a reception scheme 500 supporting techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The reception scheme 500 may be used by a receiving device (e.g., UE 115, network entity 105) that may receive and demodulate signaling 505. For example, the receiving device may receive a shaped constellation of modulated symbols from a transmitting device, such as a reference signaling ... Figures 2 to 4 The signaling 505 sent to the receiving device may be a reference Figure 2 An example of position 215 is described.

[0117] At 510, a receiving device may receive signaling 505 and demodulate the signaling 505. The signaling 505 may include payload information (e.g., u, information bits), associated shaping bits (e.g., s), or both. The demodulation may generate shaping bits 515-a, shaped information bits 530, or both. The shaped information bits 530 may, for example, represent log likelihood ratios (LLRs) corresponding to the shaped information bits 530, where the shaped information bits 530 may be a combination of information bits and mask bits (e.g., v+x). The decoder 520-a may decode (e.g., based on a channel coding scheme) the shaping bits 515-a received via the signaling 505, which may generate decoded shaping bits 515-b. At 525, the receiving device may use the decoded shaping bits 515-b (e.g., s) to generate a set of mask bits 535 (e.g., v). For example, the receiving device may decompress the decoded shaping bits 515 - b to generate a set of mask bits 535 , such as by multiplying the shaping bits 515 - b by a generator matrix (eg, generator matrix G, where v=s*G) or other matrix or code.

[0118] At 540, the shaped information bits 530 may be deshaped using the set of mask bits 535. The deshaping process may generate deshaped information bits 545, which may, for example, represent LLRs corresponding to the deshaped information bits 545. The deshaping 540 may, for example, demask the shaped information bits 530 by removing the set of mask bits 535 or the result of the set of mask bits 535 from the shaped information bits 530 (e.g., removing the LLRs associated with the set of mask bits 535 to generate LLRs for the unmasked information bits).

[0119] Decoder 520-b may be used to decode the deshaped information bits 545 (e.g., their LLRs) to generate decoded information bits 550. For example, decoded information bits 550 may represent an information payload (e.g., u) decoded from a channel code used to encode the information payload. Decoder 520-b may be associated with a first decoding scheme or a decoding scheme different from the decoding scheme associated with decoder 520-a. Thus, shaped bits 515 may be decoded separately from information bits 550, and information bits 550 and shaped bits 515 may be associated with different coding rates, different modulation orders, different numbers of spatial layers, etc.

[0120] Figure 6 Another example of a transmission scheme 600 supporting techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 6 may be an example of one or more features of a framework for probabilistic shaping of higher order modulation. The framework may include reference Figures 2 to 5 One or more of the features described. For example, Figure 6 605 (such as data payload) ) to decode, shape, and modulate the information bits 605 (e.g., data) for transmission (e.g., using one or more shaping techniques described herein).

[0121] In this example, information bits 605 may be provided for shaping bit generation 610, where a signal generator 615 may generate a sequence of signals corresponding to a sequence of terms of a mapping function between a set of information bits and modulation symbols. For example, in the case of two-bit shaping, a 256-QAM modulation order may be used. As indicated, information bits 605 may include a data payload as The shaping bit generation 610 may use a concatenated code based decoding, such as described above with reference to Figure 3 As discussed, the signal generator 615 may provide a sequence of signals to be provided to the decoder 620 of the concatenated code as follows:

[0122]

[0123] In this example, decoder 620 may decode this sequence of signals using the inner code and the outer code to generate a shaped bit sequence 625 ({s i} i＝0,…,k-1 ), and mask bit generator 630 may generate a set of mask bits 635 as follows:

[0124]

[0125] At 640, the transmitting device may mask or shape the data payload by combining (eg, adding together) the data payload with the set of mask bits 435 to generate a shaped bit The shaped bits may be modulated at 645 to generate a shaped constellation 650 .

[0126] As discussed, in some cases, the shaped bit sequence 625 may be decoded based on the concatenated code and the sequence of signals. For example, the shaped bit sequence 625 may be decoded using a decoder associated with the concatenated code. Such decoding to generate the shaped bit sequence 625 may be performed using any of a variety of decoding techniques. In some cases, for example, the transmitter may decode the inner code and the outer code jointly. Alternatively, the transmitter may first decode the outer code (e.g., using a soft decoder) and then proceed to decode the inner code. In one example, the transmitter may first generate intermediate LLRs from the outer code decoder and then use the intermediate LLRs to decode the inner code. In an example where the outer code is a (2,3) simplex code, LLR(v1)=32x1, LLR(v2)=4x2(2-x3), and LLR(v1)=32x1, LLR(v2)=4x2(2-x3), and LLR(v2)=4x2(2-x3) are first generated (according to equation (2)). From LLR(v2)=4x2(2-x3) and Calculate the extrinsic LLR of v1 as LLR ext (v1) = -4x1(2-x3). This implies that the a posteriori LLR of v1 after decoding the outer code is LLR ap (v1) = 32x1-4x1(2-x3). Similarly, we can get LLR(v1) = 32x1, Calculate the extrinsic LLR of v2 as LLR ext (v2)=-8x2(2-x3)=>LLR ap (v2) = 4x2(2-x3) - 8x2(2-x3) = -4x2(2-x3). Then, according to the LLR value LLR ap (v1) and LLR ap (v2), decodable integer bits {s i} i＝0,…,k-1 And can generate mask bits (e.g., as the product of the shaped bits and a generator matrix).

[0127] As discussed herein, the techniques described can be used to provide shaping for two or more bits per modulation symbol. For example, for three-bit shaping in 256-QAM, such techniques can be used to decode the concatenated code to generate shaping bits and mask bits. In the three-bit example, assuming that the shaping bits Used in the constellation J In such cases, the power function can be written as:

[0128]

[0129] In this case, the inner code will be a k-bit shaping sequence {s i} i＝0,…,k-1 Mapped to 3n mask bits And the outer code converts each byte Encoded into codewords The sequence of signals corresponding to the concatenated code is given by the bold terms in the power equation, which can then be decoded to generate the shaping bits and masking bits as discussed above.

[0130] Figure 7 An example of an interleaving scheme 700 supporting a technique for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 7 may be an example of one or more features of a framework for probabilistic shaping of higher order modulation. The framework may include reference Figures 2 to 6 One or more of the characteristics described. In this example, an interleaver 715 can be used to map the mask bits to a modulation constellation.

[0131] As discussed, the shaping bit generator may use decoding of the concatenated code to generate a set of shaping bits 705 (eg, {s i} i＝0,…,k-1 ), the set of shaping bits may be provided to the mask bit generator 720. The mask bit generator 720 may perform encoding with the shaping code 710. An example of an shaping code may be a linear shaping code, where mask bits (e.g., {s i} i＝0,…,k-1 G). Although the examples discussed herein illustrate linear shaping codes, the shaping codes may be non-linear, and in such cases, the mask bits are generated from the shaping bits by a non-linear encoder. The transmitter may correlate the output of the shaping code with the mask bits, and may determine how and where to apply the mask bits to the data payload. In this example, this is accomplished by providing a one-to-one mapping / permutation function between the mask bits and the output of the inner linear shaping code to generate the mask bits 725 (e.g., ) is completed by an interleaver 715. The transmitter and receiver can use the same interleaver to generate mask bits from the shaping bits. The interleaver 715 can also be used in the shaping decoder at the transmitter before transmitting the signal to the decoder of the concatenated code. In some cases, the interleaver 715 can improve the shaping performance to provide certain constellation points with a higher probability of being selected to convey the associated information bit. For example, in the case of using polar codes as shaping codes, a triangle interleaver can be used (for example, an interleaver that writes the input signal column by column into the corresponding rows of the upper / lower triangle, and generates an output signal by reading the signal from the triangle row by row (column by column, respectively). In other examples, in the case of using LDPC codes as shaping codes, a systematic bit prioritized mapping (SBPM) interleaver can be used. In addition, it is possible to perform prioritization of the systematic bits of the LDPC code to the MSB of the shaped constellation point (for example, in the case of 256-QAM, b1>b2>b3).

[0132] As discussed, in some cases, the transmitter may indicate to the receiver the number of shaped bits per constellation. In some cases, the number of shaped bits per constellation may be a function of the modulation order, the overall spectral efficiency, or both. In such cases, the number of shaped bits per constellation may be signaled jointly with a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) indication (e.g., configured as an additional parameter in an MCS table). Additionally, in some cases, the number of bits per constellation may be a fraction. In such cases, the number of shaped bits per constellation may be different for different modulation symbols in the same transmission (e.g., 1.5 bits means that 50% of the modulation symbols have two bits being shaped and 50% of the modulation symbols have one bit being shaped).

[0133] Figure 8 A block diagram 800 of a device 805 supporting techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 805 may be an example of aspects of a UE 115 or a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 805 may include a receiver 810, a transmitter 815, and a communication manager 820. The device 805 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0134] The receiver 810 may provide means for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels related to techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation, data channels, information channels). The information may be communicated to other components of the device 805. The receiver 810 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0135] The transmitter 815 may provide means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 805. For example, the transmitter 815 may transmit information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels related to techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation, data channels, information channels). In some examples, the transmitter 815 may be co-located with the receiver 810 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 815 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0136] The communication manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation as described herein. For example, the communication manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations thereof, or components thereof, may support methods for performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0137] In some examples, the communication manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in a communication management circuit). The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof that is configured as or otherwise supports components for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, the processor and a memory coupled to the processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by executing instructions stored in the memory by the processor).

[0138] Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, the communication manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code executed by a processor (e.g., as communication management software or firmware). If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functionality of the communication manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general purpose processor (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting components for performing the functionality described in the present disclosure), a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices.

[0139] In some examples, the communication manager 820 can be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, obtain, monitor, output, send) using or otherwise cooperating with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both. For example, the communication manager 820 can receive information from the receiver 810, transmit information to the transmitter 815, or be integrated with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0140] The communication manager 820 may support wireless communication at a transmitting device according to examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support components for identifying a set of information bits to be sent to a receiving device. The communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support components for identifying a sequence of signals based on a modulation function between a set of information bits and a set of modulation symbols. The communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support components for generating a shaped bit sequence based on a sequence of signals, wherein the shaped bit sequence is generated from a decoder of a code applied to a sequence of signals. The communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support components for generating a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols based on a set of information bits and a shaped bit sequence, wherein probabilistic shaping is applied to two or more bits in a set of information bits sent via a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols. The communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support components for sending a set of information bits to a receiving device using a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols.

[0141] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 820 may support wireless communication at a receiving device according to examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for receiving a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols and a shaping bit sequence from a transmitting device for receiving a set of information bits from a transmitting device, wherein the shaping bit sequence indicates a probabilistic shaping applied to the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols, and the probabilistic shaping is applied to two or more bits in the set of information bits sent via the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols. The communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for determining a set of mask bits based on the shaping bit sequence and a matrix. The communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for applying a set of mask bits to a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols to generate a coded set of information bits. The communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for decoding the coded set of information bits to determine the set of information bits.

[0142] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 820 may support wireless communication at a transmitting device according to examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support components for identifying a set of information bits to be sent to a receiving device. The communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support components for identifying the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol associated with a probabilistic shaping scheme for shaping a set of information bits into a probability distribution of modulated symbols. The communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support components for generating a set of mask bits from a set of information bits, wherein the mask bits are determined based on the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol. The communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support components for applying a set of mask bits to a set of information bits to form a set of shaped information bits. The communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support components for modulating a set of shaped information bits into probabilistically shaped modulated symbols based on a probabilistic shaping scheme.

[0143] By including or configuring a communication manager 820 according to examples as described herein, the device 805 (e.g., a processor controlling the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, the communication manager 820, or a combination thereof or otherwise coupled thereto) can support techniques for probabilistic shaping of modulation symbols that provide reduced processing, reduced power consumption, more efficient utilization of communication resources, and enhanced reliability.

[0144] Fig. 9 A block diagram 900 of a device 905 supporting techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 905 may be an example of aspects of the device 805, UE 115, or network entity 105 as described herein. The device 905 may include a receiver 910, a transmitter 915, and a communication manager 920. The device 905 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0145] The receiver 910 may provide means for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels related to techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation, data channels, information channels). The information may be communicated to other components of the device 905. The receiver 910 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0146] The transmitter 915 may provide means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 905. For example, the transmitter 915 may transmit information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels related to techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation, data channels, information channels). In some examples, the transmitter 915 may be co-located with the receiver 910 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 915 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0147] The device 905 or its various components may be examples of components for performing various aspects of the techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation as described herein. For example, the communication manager 920 may include a transmit buffer 925, a modulation symbol mapping manager 930, a shaping bit generation manager 935, an encoder 940, a transmit manager 945, a mask bit manager 950, a decoder 955, or any combination thereof. The communication manager 920 may be an example of various aspects of the communication manager 820 as described herein. In some examples, the communication manager 920 or its various components may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, obtain, monitor, output, transmit) using or otherwise cooperating with the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or both. For example, the communication manager 920 may receive information from the receiver 910, transmit information to the transmitter 915, or be integrated with the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0148] The communication manager 920 may support wireless communication at a transmitting device according to an example as disclosed herein. The transmit buffer 925 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for identifying a set of information bits to be transmitted to a receiving device. The modulation symbol mapping manager 930 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for identifying a sequence of signals based at least in part on a modulation function between a set of information bits and a set of modulation symbols. The shaping bit generation manager 935 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for generating a shaping bit sequence based on a sequence of signals, wherein the shaping bit sequence is generated from a decoder of a code applied to a sequence of signals. The encoder 940 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for generating a set of modulation symbols that are probabilistically shaped based at least in part on a set of information bits and a shaping bit sequence, wherein probabilistic shaping is applied to two or more bits in a set of information bits transmitted via a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols. The transmit manager 945 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for transmitting a set of information bits to a receiving device using a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols.

[0149] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 920 may support wireless communication at a receiving device according to examples as disclosed herein. The modulation symbol mapping manager 930 may be configured to or otherwise support components for receiving a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols and a shaping bit sequence for receiving a set of information bits from a transmitting device, wherein the shaping bit sequence indicates a probabilistic shaping applied to the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols, and the probabilistic shaping is applied to two or more bits in the set of information bits transmitted via the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols. The mask bit manager 950 may be configured to or otherwise support components for determining a set of mask bits based on the shaping bit sequence and the matrix. The mask bit manager 950 may be configured to or otherwise support components for applying a set of mask bits to a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols to generate a coded set of information bits. The decoder 955 may be configured to or otherwise support components for decoding the coded set of information bits to determine the set of information bits.

[0150] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 920 may support wireless communication at a transmitting device according to examples as disclosed herein. The transmit buffer 925 may be configured to or otherwise support components for identifying a set of information bits to be transmitted to a receiving device. The modulation symbol mapping manager 930 may be configured to or otherwise support components for identifying the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol associated with a probabilistic shaping scheme for shaping a set of information bits into a probability distribution of modulated symbols. The mask bit manager 950 may be configured to or otherwise support components for generating a set of mask bits from a set of information bits, wherein the mask bits are determined based on the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol. The mask bit manager 950 may be configured to or otherwise support components for applying a set of mask bits to a set of information bits to form a set of shaped information bits. The transmit manager 945 may be configured to or otherwise support components for modulating a set of shaped information bits into probabilistically shaped modulated symbols based on a probabilistic shaping scheme.

[0151] Fig.10A block diagram 1000 of a communication manager 1020 supporting techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The communication manager 1020 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 820, the communication manager 920, or both as described herein. The communication manager 1020 or its various components may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation as described herein. For example, the communication manager 1020 may include a transmit buffer 1025, a modulation symbol mapping manager 1030, a shaping bit generation manager 1035, an encoder 1040, a transmit manager 1045, a mask bit manager 1050, a decoder 1055, a shaping bit decoder 1060, an interleaver 1065, a control information manager 1070, or any combination thereof. Each of these components may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses), which communication may include communication within a protocol layer of a protocol stack, communication associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack, within a device, component, or virtualized component associated with the network entity 105, between devices, components, or virtualized components associated with the network entity 105), or any combination thereof.

[0152] The communication manager 1020 may support wireless communication at a transmitting device according to examples as disclosed herein. The transmit buffer 1025 may be configured to or otherwise support components for identifying a set of information bits to be transmitted to a receiving device. The modulation symbol mapping manager 1030 may be configured to or otherwise support components for identifying a sequence of signals based at least in part on a modulation function between a set of information bits and a set of modulation symbols. The shaping bit generation manager 1035 may be configured to or otherwise support components for generating a shaping bit sequence based at least in part on a sequence of signals, wherein the shaping bit sequence is generated from a decoder of a code applied to a sequence of signals. The encoder 1040 may be configured to or otherwise support components for generating a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols based at least in part on a set of information bits and a shaping bit sequence, wherein probabilistic shaping is applied to two or more bits in a set of information bits transmitted via the probabilistically shaped modulation symbols. The transmit manager 1045 may be configured or otherwise support components for transmitting a set of information bits to a receiving device using a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols.

[0153] In some examples, the sequence of signals is a sequence of real numbers corresponding to a sequence of terms of a mapping function between a set of information bits and a set of modulation symbols, and the code applied to the sequence of real numbers is a concatenated code including an inner code and an outer code. In some examples, the mask bit manager 1050 may be configured to or otherwise support means for determining a set of mask bits based on a matrix associated with an inner code applied to the shaping bit sequence, and wherein the encoded set of information bits is determined based on the set of mask bits.

[0154] In some examples, the transmission manager 1045 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for transmitting a shaped bit sequence to a receiving device along with an encoded set of information bits. In some examples, the shaped bit sequence is generated by decoding an outer code to convert a length 3n sequence of a signal into a length 2n sequence of a signal, and decoding an inner code to convert a length 2n sequence of a signal into a length k shaped bit sequence, where n is the number of tuples of signal bits to be transmitted using the shaped bit sequence. In some examples, a mask bit sequence is determined from the shaped bit sequence (e.g., based on a generator matrix applied to the shaped bit sequence), and the mask bit sequence is applied to the information bits to generate a probabilistically shaped modulation symbol, and wherein the mask bit sequence is a length 2n sequence of the signal. In some examples, the mask bit sequence is determined from the shaped bit sequence, the shaped bit sequence is applied to a subset of the information bits to generate a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols, and the mask bit sequence has a second length.

[0155] In some examples, to support identification of the shaping bit sequence, the shaping bit decoder 1060 may be configured as or otherwise support means for generating a set of intermediate LLRs from a sequence of signals based on an outer code. In some examples, to support identification of the shaping bit sequence, the shaping bit decoder 1060 may be configured as or otherwise support means for decoding a set of intermediate LLRs based on an inner code to generate a shaping bit sequence. In some examples, the mask bit manager 1050 may be configured as or otherwise support means for generating a mask bit sequence from a shaping bit sequence.

[0156] In some examples, interleaver 1065 may be configured to or otherwise support components for interleaving mask bit sequences to generate interleaved mask bit sequences applied to sets of information bits. In some examples, when polarity codes are used as inner codes, interleaving is performed using a triangular interleaver. In some examples, when low density parity codes (LDPC) are used as inner codes, interleaving is performed using a systematic bit priority mapping (SBPM) interleaver.

[0157] In some examples, the transmit manager 1045 may be configured to or otherwise support components for transmitting an indication of the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol to a receiving device. In some examples, the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol: is a function of a modulation order of the communication, is indicated in an MCS table, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the set of shaped modulation symbols includes a first subset of modulation symbols and a second subset of modulation symbols, and wherein the first subset of modulation symbols includes a first number of bits shaped per modulation symbol, and the second subset of modulation symbols includes a second number of bits shaped per modulation symbol, and the first number of bits and the second number of bits are different.

[0158] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1020 may support wireless communication at a receiving device according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, the modulation symbol mapping manager 1030 may be configured to or otherwise support components for receiving a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols and a shaping bit sequence for receiving a set of information bits from a transmitting device, wherein the shaping bit sequence indicates a probabilistic shaping applied to the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols, and the probabilistic shaping is applied to two or more bits in the set of information bits transmitted via the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols. The mask bit manager 1050 may be configured to or otherwise support components for determining a set of mask bits based on the shaping bit sequence and the matrix. In some examples, the mask bit manager 1050 may be configured to or otherwise support components for applying a set of mask bits to a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols to generate a coded set of information bits. The decoder 1055 may be configured to or otherwise support components for decoding the coded set of information bits to determine the set of information bits.

[0159] In some examples, the set of mask bits is determined as the product of a matrix and a shaping bit sequence. In some examples, the shaping bit sequence is received in a set of modulation symbols separate from a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols. In some examples, the set of mask bits is a length 2n sequence and the shaping bit sequence is a length k sequence, where n is the number of tuples of information bits sent using the shaping bit sequence and k is the number of information bits in the set of information bits.

[0160] In some examples, interleaver 1065 may be configured or otherwise support components for deinterleaving a set of mask bits based on an interleaver associated with communications from a receiving device. In some examples, when polar codes are used for communications from a receiving device, deinterleaving is performed using a triangular interleaver, or when low-density parity codes (LDPC) are used for communications from a receiving device, deinterleaving is performed using a systematic bit priority mapping (SBPM) interleaver.

[0161] In some examples, the control information manager 1070 may be configured to or otherwise support components for receiving an indication of the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol from a transmitting device. In some examples, the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol: is a function of a modulation order for the communication, is indicated in an MCS table, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the set of shaped modulation symbols includes a first subset of modulation symbols and a second subset of modulation symbols, and wherein the first subset of modulation symbols includes a first number of bits shaped per modulation symbol, and the second subset of modulation symbols includes a second number of bits shaped per modulation symbol, and the first number of bits and the second number of bits are different.

[0162] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1020 may support wireless communications at a transmitting device according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, the transmit buffer 1025 may be configured to or otherwise support components for identifying a set of information bits to be transmitted to a receiving device. In some examples, the modulation symbol mapping manager 1030 may be configured to or otherwise support components for identifying a number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol associated with a probabilistic shaping scheme for shaping a set of information bits into a probability distribution of modulated symbols. In some examples, the mask bit manager 1050 may be configured to or otherwise support components for generating a set of mask bits from a set of information bits, wherein the mask bits are determined based on the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol. In some examples, the mask bit manager 1050 may be configured to or otherwise support components for applying a set of mask bits to a set of information bits to form a shaped set of information bits. In some examples, transmit manager 1045 may be configured or otherwise support components for modulating a shaped set of information bits into probabilistically shaped modulated symbols based on a probabilistic shaping scheme.

[0163] In some examples, to support generating sets of mask bits, decoder 1055 may be configured or otherwise support components for decoding a sequence of signals associated with a set of information bits based on an inner code to generate a sequence of shaping bits. In some examples, to support generating sets of mask bits, mask bit manager 1050 may be configured or otherwise support components for generating sets of mask bits based on a matrix applied to the sequence of shaping bits.

[0164] In some examples, interleaver 1065 may be configured to or otherwise support components for interleaving a mask bit sequence before modulating a set of information bits to generate an interleaved mask bit sequence applied to a set of information bits. In some examples, when polar code is used as an inner code, interleaving is performed using a triangular interleaver. In some examples, when LDPC is used as an inner code, interleaving is performed using an SBPM interleaver. In some examples, transmit manager 1045 may be configured to or otherwise support components for sending probabilistically shaped modulated symbols and shaped bit sequences to a receiving device.

[0165] Fig.11 A diagram of a system 1100 including a device 1105 that supports techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1105 may be an example of a device 805, a device 905, or a UE 115 as described herein, or may include components thereof. The device 1105 may communicate (e.g., wirelessly) with one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof. The device 1105 may include components for two-way voice and data communications, including components for sending and receiving communications, such as a communication manager 1120, an input / output (I / O) controller 1110, a transceiver 1115, an antenna 1125, a memory 1130, a code 1135, and a processor 1140. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1145).

[0166] I / O controller 1110 can manage input signals and output signals of device 1105. I / O controller 1110 can also manage peripheral devices that are not integrated into device 1105. In some cases, I / O controller 1110 can represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some cases, I / O controller 1110 can utilize an operating system, such as or another known operating system. Additionally or alternatively, I / O controller 1110 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touch screen, or similar device. In some cases, I / O controller 1110 may be implemented as part of a processor (such as processor 1140). In some cases, a user may interact with device 1105 via I / O controller 1110 or via hardware components controlled by I / O controller 1110.

[0167] In some cases, the device 1105 may include a single antenna 1125. However, in some other cases, the device 1105 may have more than one antenna 1125, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 1115 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 1125, a wired link, or a wireless link as described herein. For example, the transceiver 1115 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1115 may also include a modem for: modulating packets; providing the modulated packets to one or more antennas 1125 for transmission; and demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 1125. The transceiver 1115, or the transceiver 1115 and one or more antennas 1125 may be examples of transmitters 815, transmitters 915, receivers 810, receivers 910, or any combination or component thereof as described herein.

[0168] The memory 1130 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The memory 1130 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1135 including instructions that, when executed by the processor 1140, cause the device 1105 to perform various functions described herein. The code 1135 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as a system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 1135 may not be directly executable by the processor 1140, but may (e.g., when compiled and executed) cause the computer to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, the memory 1130 may also contain, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) that may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0169] The processor 1140 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 1140 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 1140. The processor 1140 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., a memory 1130) to cause the device 1105 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks that support techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation). For example, the device 1105 or a component of the device 1105 may include a processor 1140 and a memory 1130 coupled to or to the processor 1140, and the processor 1140 and the memory 1130 are configured to perform the various functions described herein.

[0170] The communication manager 1120 may support wireless communication at a transmitting device according to an example as disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1120 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for identifying a set of information bits to be sent to a receiving device. The communication manager 1120 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for identifying a sequence of signals based at least in part on a modulation function between a set of information bits and a set of modulation symbols. The communication manager 1120 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for generating a shaped bit sequence based on a sequence of signals, wherein the shaped bit sequence is generated from a decoder of a code applied to a sequence of signals. The communication manager 1120 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for generating a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols based on a set of information bits and a shaped bit sequence, wherein probabilistic shaping is applied to two or more bits in a set of information bits sent via a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols. The communication manager 1120 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for sending a set of information bits to a receiving device using a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols.

[0171] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1120 may support wireless communication at a receiving device according to examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1120 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for receiving a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols and a shaping bit sequence for receiving a set of information bits from a transmitting device, wherein the shaping bit sequence indicates a probabilistic shaping applied to the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols, and the probabilistic shaping is applied to two or more bits in the set of information bits transmitted via the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols. The communication manager 1120 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for determining a set of mask bits based on the shaping bit sequence and a matrix. The communication manager 1120 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for applying a set of mask bits to a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols to generate a coded set of information bits. The communication manager 1120 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for decoding the coded set of information bits to determine the set of information bits.

[0172] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1120 may support wireless communications at a transmitting device according to examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1120 may be configured to or otherwise support components for identifying a set of information bits to be sent to a receiving device. The communication manager 1120 may be configured to or otherwise support components for identifying the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol associated with a probabilistic shaping scheme for shaping a set of information bits into a probability distribution of modulated symbols. The communication manager 1120 may be configured to or otherwise support components for generating a set of mask bits from a set of information bits, wherein the mask bits are determined based on the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol. The communication manager 1120 may be configured to or otherwise support components for applying a set of mask bits to a set of information bits to form a set of shaped information bits. The communications manager 1120 may be configured or otherwise support components for modulating a shaped set of information bits into probabilistically shaped modulated symbols based on a probabilistic shaping scheme.

[0173] By including or configuring a communications manager 1120 according to examples as described herein, the device 1105 may support techniques for probabilistic shaping of modulation symbols that provide reduced processing, reduced power consumption, more efficient utilization of communications resources, enhanced reliability, longer battery life, improved utilization of processing power, or any combination thereof.

[0174] In some examples, the communication manager 1120 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, monitor, transmit) using or otherwise cooperating with the transceiver 1115, one or more antennas 1125, or any combination thereof. Although the communication manager 1120 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 1120 may be supported or performed by the processor 1140, the memory 1130, the code 1135, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 1135 may include instructions that are executable by the processor 1140 to cause the device 1105 to perform various aspects of the techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation as described herein, or the processor 1140 and the memory 1130 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0175] Fig.12A diagram of a system 1200 including a device 1205 that supports techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1205 may be an example of a device 805, a device 905, or a network entity 105 as described herein, or may include components thereof. The device 1205 may communicate with one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof, which may include communication through one or more wired interfaces, through one or more wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. The device 1205 may include components that support output and acquisition of communications, such as a communication manager 1220, a transceiver 1210, an antenna 1215, a memory 1225, a code 1230, and a processor 1235. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1240).

[0176] The transceiver 1210 may support bidirectional communication via a wired link, a wireless link, or both as described herein. In some examples, the transceiver 1210 may include a wired transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wired transceiver. Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, the transceiver 1210 may include a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. In some examples, the device 1205 may include one or more antennas 1215, which may be capable of (e.g., concurrently) sending or receiving wireless transmissions. The transceiver 1210 may also include a modem for: modulating a signal; providing the modulated signal for transmission (e.g., by one or more antennas 1215, by a wired transmitter); receiving the modulated signal (e.g., from one or more antennas 1215, from a wired receiver); and demodulating the signal. In some implementations, the transceiver 1210 may include one or more interfaces, such as one or more interfaces coupled to one or more antennas 1215 configured to support various receiving or obtaining operations or one or more interfaces coupled to one or more antennas 1215 configured to support various sending or outputting operations, or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 1210 may include, or be configured to be coupled to, one or more processors or memory components that are operable to perform the following operations: perform or support operations based on received or obtained information or signals; or generate information or other signals for transmission or other output, or any combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 1210, or the transceiver 1210 and one or more antennas 1215, or the transceiver 1210 and one or more antennas 1215 and one or more processors or memory components (e.g., processor 1235 or memory 1225, or both) may be included in a chip or chip assembly installed in the device 1205. The transceiver 1210, or the transceiver 1210 and one or more antennas 1215 or a wired interface (where applicable) may be an example of a transmitter 815, a transmitter 915, a receiver 810, a receiver 910, or any combination or component thereof as described herein. In some examples, the transceiver may be operable to support communications via one or more communication links (e.g., communication link 125, backhaul communication link 120, midhaul communication link 162, fronthaul communication link 168).

[0177] Memory 1225 may include RAM and ROM. Memory 1225 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1230 including instructions that, when executed by processor 1235, cause device 1205 to perform various functions described herein. Code 1230 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, code 1230 may not be directly executable by processor 1235, but may (e.g., when compiled and executed) cause a computer to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, memory 1225 may also contain, among other things, a BIOS that may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0178] The processor 1235 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 1235 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 1235. The processor 1235 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., a memory 1225) to cause the device 1205 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks that support techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation). For example, the device 1205 or a component of the device 1205 may include a processor 1235 and a memory 1225 coupled to the processor 1235, and the processor 1235 and the memory 1225 are configured to perform various functions described herein. The processor 1235 may be an example of a cloud computing platform (e.g., one or more physical nodes and supporting software (such as an operating system, virtual machine, or container instance)) that can host functions (e.g., by executing code 1230) to perform functions of the device 1205. The processor 1235 may be any one or more suitable processors capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more software programs stored in the device 1205 (such as in the memory 1225). In some specific implementations, the processor 1235 may be a component of a processing system. A processing system may generally refer to a system or series of machines or components that receive inputs and process these inputs to produce a set of outputs (which may be passed to, for example, other systems or components of the device 1205). For example, the processing system of the device 1205 may refer to a system that includes various other components or subcomponents of the device 1205 (such as the processor 1235, or the transceiver 1210, or the communication manager 1220, or other components or combinations of components of the device 1205). The processing system of device 1205 may interface with other components of device 1205, and may process information (such as input or signal) received from other components or output information to other components. For example, a chip or modem of device 1205 may include a processing system and an interface for outputting information or for obtaining information, or both. The interface may be implemented as or otherwise include a first interface configured to output information and a second interface configured to obtain information. In some specific implementations, the first interface may refer to an interface between the processing system of the chip or modem and a transmitter, so that device 1205 can send information output from the chip or modem. In some specific implementations, the second interface may refer to an interface between the processing system of the chip or modem and a receiver, so that device 1205 can obtain information or signal input, and the information can be passed to the processing system.One of ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that the first interface may also obtain information or signal input, and the second interface may also output information or signal output.

[0179] In some examples, bus 1240 may support communications of protocol layers (e.g., within a protocol layer) of a protocol stack. In some examples, bus 1240 may support communications associated with logical channels of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack), which may include communications performed within components of device 1205 or between different components of device 1205 that may be co-located or located in different locations (e.g., where device 1205 may refer to a system where one or more of communication manager 1220, transceiver 1210, memory 1225, code 1230, and processor 1235 may be located in one of the different components or divided between the different components).

[0180] In some examples, the communication manager 1220 may manage aspects of communications with the core network 130 (e.g., via one or more wired or wireless backhaul links). For example, the communication manager 1220 may manage the delivery of data communications for client devices such as one or more UEs 115. In some examples, the communication manager 1220 may manage communications with other network entities 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for controlling communications with the UEs 115 in coordination with the other network entities 105. In some examples, the communication manager 1220 may support an X2 interface within an LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to provide communications between network entities 105.

[0181] The communication manager 1220 may support wireless communication at a transmitting device according to examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1220 may be configured to or otherwise support components for identifying a set of information bits to be sent to a receiving device. The communication manager 1220 may be configured to or otherwise support components for identifying a sequence of signals based at least in part on a modulation function between a set of information bits and a set of modulation symbols. The communication manager 1220 may be configured to or otherwise support components for generating a shaped bit sequence based on a sequence of signals, wherein the shaped bit sequence is generated from a decoder of a code applied to a sequence of signals. The communication manager 1220 may be configured to or otherwise support components for generating a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols based at least in part on a set of information bits and a shaped bit sequence, wherein probabilistic shaping is applied to two or more bits in a set of information bits transmitted via a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols. The communications manager 1220 may be configured or otherwise support components for transmitting a set of information bits to a receiving device using a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols.

[0182] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1220 may support wireless communication at a receiving device according to examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1220 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for receiving a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols and a shaping bit sequence for receiving a set of information bits from a transmitting device, wherein the shaping bit sequence indicates a probabilistic shaping applied to the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols, and the probabilistic shaping is applied to two or more bits in the set of information bits transmitted via the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols. The communication manager 1220 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for determining a set of mask bits based on the shaping bit sequence and a matrix. The communication manager 1220 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for applying a set of mask bits to a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols to generate a coded set of information bits. The communication manager 1220 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for decoding the coded set of information bits to determine the set of information bits.

[0183] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1220 may support wireless communications at a transmitting device according to examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1220 may be configured to or otherwise support components for identifying a set of information bits to be sent to a receiving device. The communication manager 1220 may be configured to or otherwise support components for identifying the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol associated with a probabilistic shaping scheme for shaping a set of information bits into a probability distribution of modulated symbols. The communication manager 1220 may be configured to or otherwise support components for generating a set of mask bits from a set of information bits, wherein the mask bits are determined based on the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol. The communication manager 1220 may be configured to or otherwise support components for applying a set of mask bits to a set of information bits to form a set of shaped information bits. The communications manager 1220 may be configured or otherwise support components for modulating a shaped set of information bits into probabilistically shaped modulated symbols based on a probabilistic shaping scheme.

[0184] By including or configuring a communications manager 1220 according to examples as described herein, the device 1205 may support techniques for probabilistic shaping of modulation symbols that provide reduced processing, reduced power consumption, more efficient utilization of communications resources, enhanced reliability, improved utilization of processing power, or any combination thereof.

[0185] In some examples, the communication manager 1220 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, obtain, monitor, output, transmit) using or otherwise cooperating with the transceiver 1210, one or more antennas 1215 (e.g., where applicable), or any combination thereof. Although the communication manager 1220 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 1220 may be supported or performed by the processor 1235, the memory 1225, the code 1230, the transceiver 1210, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 1230 may include instructions that are executable by the processor 1235 to cause the device 1205 to perform various aspects of the techniques for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation as described herein, or the processor 1235 and the memory 1225 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0186] Fig.13 A flow chart illustrating a method 1300 for supporting a technique for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1300 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1300 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or a component thereof as described herein. Figures 1 to 12 The UE 115 or network entity described herein performs. In some examples, the UE or network entity may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE or network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE or network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the described functions.

[0187] At 1305, the method may include identifying a set of information bits to be sent to a receiving device. The operations of 1305 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1305 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The sending buffer 1025 is executed.

[0188] At 1310, the method may include identifying a sequence of the signal based at least in part on a modulation function between a set of information bits and a set of modulation symbols. The operations of 1310 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1310 may be performed as described in reference Fig.10 The modulation symbol mapping manager 1030 executes.

[0189] At 1315, the method may include generating a shaped bit sequence based on the sequence of signals, wherein the shaped bit sequence is generated from a decoder of a code applied to the sequence of signals. The operations of 1315 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1315 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10The shaping bit generation manager 1035 performs the shaping bit generation. In some cases, the shaping bit sequence provides a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols for transmitting a set of information bits to a receiving device, wherein the probabilistic shaping is applied to two or more bits in the set of information bits transmitted via the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols.

[0190] At 1320, the method may include generating a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols based on the set of information bits and the shaping bit sequence, wherein the probabilistic shaping is applied to two or more bits in the set of information bits transmitted via the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols. The operations of 1320 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1320 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The encoder 1040 executes.

[0191] At 1325, the method may include sending a set of information bits to a receiving device using the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols. The operations of 1325 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1325 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The sending manager 1045 executes.

[0192] In some cases, at 1330, the method may include sending the shaping bit sequence along with the set of information bits to a receiving device. The operations of 1330 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1330 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The sending manager 1045 executes.

[0193] In some cases, at 1335, the method may include sending an indication of the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol to a receiving device. The operations of 1335 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1335 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The sending manager 1045 executes.

[0194] Fig.14 A flow chart illustrating a method 1400 for supporting a technique for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1400 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1400 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or a component thereof as described herein. Figures 1 to 12 The UE 115 or network entity described herein performs. In some examples, the UE or network entity may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE or network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE or network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the described functions.

[0195] At 1405, the method may include identifying a set of information bits to be sent to a receiving device. The operations of 1405 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1405 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The sending buffer 1025 is executed.

[0196] At 1410, the method may include identifying a sequence of signals based at least in part on a modulation function between a set of information bits and a set of modulation symbols. The operations of 1410 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1410 may be performed as described in reference Fig.10 The modulation symbol mapping manager 1030 performs the above. In some cases, the sequence of signals is a sequence of real numbers, and the code applied to the sequence of real numbers is a concatenated code including an inner code and an outer code.

[0197] At 1415, the method may include generating a shaped bit sequence based on the sequence of signals, wherein the shaped bit sequence is generated from a decoder of a code applied to the sequence of signals. The operations of 1415 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1415 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The shaping bit generation manager 1035 performs.

[0198] At 1420, the method may include encoding a set of information bits based on the shaped bit sequence to generate an encoded set of information bits. The operations of 1420 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1420 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The encoder 1040 executes.

[0199] At 1425, the method may include determining a set of mask bits based on a matrix associated with an inner code applied to the shaping bit sequence, and wherein the set of information bits is determined based on combining the set of mask bits with the set of information bits. The operations of 1425 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1425 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The mask bit manager 1050 performs the above.

[0200] At 1430, the method may include sending a set of information bits to a receiving device using a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols. The operations of 1430 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1430 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The sending manager 1045 executes.

[0201] Fig.15A flow chart illustrating a method 1500 for supporting a technique for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1500 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1500 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or a component thereof as described herein. Figures 1 to 12 The UE 115 or network entity described herein performs. In some examples, the UE or network entity may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE or network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE or network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the described functions.

[0202] At 1505, the method may include identifying a set of information bits to be sent to a receiving device. The operations of 1505 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1505 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The sending buffer 1025 is executed.

[0203] At 1510, the method may identify a sequence of the signal based at least in part on a modulation function between a set of information bits and a set of modulation symbols. The operations of 1510 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1510 may be performed as described in reference Fig.10 The modulation symbol mapping manager 1030 executes.

[0204] At 1515, the method may include generating a set of intermediate LLRs from the sequence of the signal based on the outer code. The operations of 1515 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1515 may be performed as described in reference Fig.10 The shaping bit decoder 1060 performs.

[0205] At 1520, the method may include decoding a set of intermediate LLRs based on the inner code to generate a shaped bit sequence. The operations of 1520 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1520 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The shaping bit decoder 1060 performs.

[0206] At 1525, the method may include generating a mask bit sequence from the shaping bit sequence. The operations of 1525 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1525 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The mask bit manager 1050 performs the above.

[0207] At 1530, the method may include interleaving the mask bit sequence to generate an interleaved mask bit sequence applied to the set of information bits. The operations of 1530 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1530 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The interleaver 1065 performs the above.

[0208] At 1535, the method may include encoding a set of information bits based on the shaped bit sequence to generate an encoded set of information bits. The operations of 1535 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1535 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The encoder 1040 executes.

[0209] At 1540, the method may include sending a coded set of information bits to a receiving device using the probabilistically shaped modulation symbols. The operations of 1540 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1540 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The sending manager 1045 executes.

[0210] Fig.16 A flow chart illustrating a method 1600 for supporting a technique for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1600 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1600 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or a component thereof as described in reference to Figures 1 to 12 The UE 115 or network entity described herein performs. In some examples, the UE or network entity may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE or network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE or network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the described functions.

[0211] At 1605, the method may include receiving a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols used to transmit a set of information bits and a shaping bit sequence from a transmitting device, wherein the shaping bit sequence indicates probabilistic shaping applied to the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols, the probabilistic shaping applied to two or more bits in the set of information bits transmitted via the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols. The operations of 1605 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1605 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The modulation symbol mapping manager 1030 executes.

[0212] At 1610, the method may include determining a set of mask bits based on the shaped bit sequence and the matrix. The operations of 1610 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1610 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10The mask bit manager 1050 performs.

[0213] At 1615, the method may include receiving an indication of the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol from the transmitting device. The operations of 1615 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1615 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The control information manager 1070 executes.

[0214] At 1620, the method may include applying the set of mask bits to the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols to generate a coded set of information bits. The operations of 1620 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1620 may be performed as described in reference Fig.10 The mask bit manager 1050 performs.

[0215] At 1625, the method may include decoding the encoded set of information bits to determine the set of information bits. The operations of 1625 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1625 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The decoder 1055 executes.

[0216] Fig.17 A flow chart illustrating a method 1700 for supporting a technique for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1700 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1700 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or a component thereof as described herein. Figures 1 to 12 The UE 115 or network entity described herein performs. In some examples, the UE or network entity may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE or network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE or network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the described functions.

[0217] At 1705, the method may include receiving a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols used to transmit a set of information bits and a shaping bit sequence from a transmitting device, wherein the shaping bit sequence indicates probabilistic shaping applied to the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols, the probabilistic shaping applied to two or more bits in the set of information bits transmitted via the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols. The operations of 1705 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1705 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The modulation symbol mapping manager 1030 executes.

[0218] At 1710, the method may include determining a set of mask bits based on the shaped bit sequence and the matrix. The operations of 1710 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1710 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The mask bit manager 1050 performs the above.

[0219] At 1715, the method may include deinterleaving the set of mask bits based on an interleaver associated with the communication from the receiving device. The operations of 1715 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1715 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The interleaver 1065 performs the above.

[0220] At 1720, the method may include applying the set of mask bits to the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols to generate a coded set of information bits. The operations of 1720 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1720 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The mask bit manager 1050 performs the above.

[0221] At 1725, the method may include decoding the encoded set of information bits to determine the set of information bits. The operations of 1725 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1725 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The decoder 1055 executes.

[0222] Fig.18 A flow chart illustrating a method 1800 for supporting a technique for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1800 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1800 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or a component thereof as described herein. Figures 1 to 12 The UE 115 or network entity described herein performs. In some examples, the UE or network entity may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE or network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE or network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the described functions.

[0223] At 1805, the method may include identifying a set of information bits to be sent to a receiving device. The operations of 1805 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1805 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The sending buffer 1025 is executed.

[0224] At 1810, the method may include identifying a number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol associated with a probabilistic shaping scheme for shaping a set of information bits into a probability distribution of modulated symbols. The operations of 1810 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1810 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The modulation symbol mapping manager 1030 executes.

[0225] At 1815, the method may include generating a set of mask bits from the set of information bits, wherein the mask bits are determined based on the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol. The operations of 1815 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1815 may be performed as described in reference Fig.10 The mask bit manager 1050 performs the above.

[0226] At 1820, the method may include applying the set of mask bits to the set of information bits to form a shaped set of information bits. The operations of 1820 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1820 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The mask bit manager 1050 performs the above.

[0227] At 1825, the method may include modulating the set of shaped information bits into probabilistically shaped modulated symbols based on a probabilistic shaping scheme. The operations of 1825 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1825 may be performed as described in reference Fig.10 The sending manager 1045 executes.

[0228] Fig.19 A flow chart illustrating a method 1900 for supporting a technique for joint probabilistic shaping of multiple bits per modulation constellation according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1900 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1900 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or a component thereof as described herein. Figures 1 to 12 The UE 115 or network entity described herein performs. In some examples, the UE or network entity may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE or network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE or network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the described functions.

[0229] At 1905, the method may include identifying a set of information bits to be sent to a receiving device. The operations of 1905 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1905 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The sending buffer 1025 is executed.

[0230] At 1910, the method may include identifying a number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol associated with a probabilistic shaping scheme for shaping a set of information bits into a probability distribution of modulated symbols. The operations of 1910 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1910 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The modulation symbol mapping manager 1030 executes.

[0231] At 1915, the method may include decoding the sequence of signals associated with the set of information bits based on a code applied to the sequence of signals to generate a shaped bit sequence. The operations of 1915 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1915 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The decoder 1055 executes.

[0232] At 1920, the method may include generating a set of mask bits based on a matrix applied to the shaped bit sequence. The operations of 1920 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1920 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The mask bit manager 1050 performs the above.

[0233] At 1925, the method may include interleaving the mask bit sequence before modulating the set of information bits to generate an interleaved mask bit sequence applied to the set of information bits. The operations of 1925 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1925 may be performed as described in reference Fig.10 The interleaver 1065 performs the above.

[0234] At 1930, the method may include applying the set of mask bits to the set of information bits to form a shaped set of information bits. The operations of 1930 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1930 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10 The mask bit manager 1050 performs the above.

[0235] At 1935, the method may include modulating the set of shaped information bits into probabilistically shaped modulated symbols based on a probabilistic shaping scheme. The operations of 1935 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1935 may be performed as described in reference Fig.10 The sending manager 1045 executes.

[0236] At 1940, the method may include sending the probabilistically shaped modulated symbol and the shaped bit sequence to a receiving device. The operations of 1940 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1940 may be performed as described in reference to Fig.10The sending manager 1045 executes.

[0237] The following provides an overview of various aspects of the disclosure:

[0238] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication at a transmitting device, comprising: identifying a set of information bits to be sent to a receiving device; identifying a sequence of signals based at least in part on a modulation function between the set of information bits and a set of modulation symbols; generating a shaped bit sequence based at least in part on the sequence of signals, wherein the shaped bit sequence is generated from a decoder of a code applied to the sequence of signals; generating a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols based at least in part on the set of information bits and the shaped bit sequence, wherein probabilistic shaping is applied to two or more bits in the set of information bits sent via the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols; and sending the set of information bits to the receiving device using the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols.

[0239] Aspect 2: The method according to aspect 1, wherein the sequence of signals is a sequence of real numbers corresponding to a sequence of terms of a mapping function between the set of information bits and the set of modulation symbols.

[0240] Aspect 3: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 2, wherein the code applied to the sequence of signals is a concatenated code including an inner code and an outer code.

[0241] Aspect 4: The method according to aspect 3 further comprises: determining a set of mask bits based at least in part on a matrix associated with the inner code applied to the shaped bit sequence.

[0242] Aspect 5: The method according to aspect 4, wherein generating the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols includes: combining the set of mask bits with the set of information bits.

[0243] Aspect 6: A method according to any one of Aspects 3 to 5, wherein the shaped bit sequence is generated by: decoding the outer code to convert the sequence of a signal having a first length into a second sequence of a signal of a second length, and decoding the inner code to convert the second sequence of the signal of the second length into the shaped bit sequence, and the first length and the second length are associated with the number of shaped bits per modulation constellation.

[0244] Aspect 7: A method according to aspect 6, wherein a mask bit sequence is determined from the shaping bit sequence, the shaping bit sequence is applied to a subset of the set of information bits to generate the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols, and the mask bit sequence has the second length.

[0245] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 7, further comprising: sending the shaping bit sequence together with the set of information bits to the receiving device.

[0246] Aspect 9: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 8, wherein generating the shaped bit sequence comprises: generating a set of intermediate log-likelihood ratios (LLRs) from the sequence of the signal based at least in part on an outer code; and decoding the set of intermediate LLRs based at least in part on an inner code to generate the shaped bit sequence.

[0247] Aspect 10: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 9 further includes: generating a mask bit sequence from the shaping bit sequence; and interleaving the mask bit sequence to generate an interleaved mask bit sequence applied to the set of information bits.

[0248] Aspect 11: The method according to aspect 10, wherein when a polar code is used to generate the shaped bit sequence, the interleaving is performed using a triangular interleaver.

[0249] Aspect 12: The method according to any one of aspects 10 to 11, wherein when a low density parity code (LDPC) is used to generate the shaped bit sequence, the interleaving is performed using a systematic bit priority mapping (SBPM) interleaver.

[0250] Aspect 13: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 12, further comprising: sending an indication of the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol to the receiving device.

[0251] Aspect 14: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 13, wherein the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol: is a function of the modulation order of the communication, indicated in a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table, or any combination thereof.

[0252] Aspect 15: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 14, wherein the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols includes a first subset of modulation symbols and a second subset of modulation symbols, and the first subset of modulation symbols includes a first number of shaped bits per modulation symbol, and the second subset of modulation symbols includes a second number of shaped bits per modulation symbol, and the first number of bits and the second number of bits are different.

[0253] Aspect 16: A method for performing wireless communications at a receiving device, comprising: receiving a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols used to send a set of information bits and a shaped bit sequence from a transmitting device, wherein the shaped bit sequence indicates probabilistic shaping applied to the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols, and the probabilistic shaping is applied to two or more bits in the set of information bits sent via the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols; determining a set of mask bits based at least in part on the shaped bit sequence and a matrix; applying the set of mask bits to the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols to generate a coded set of information bits; and decoding the coded set of information bits to determine the set of information bits.

[0254] Aspect 17: The method according to aspect 16, wherein the set of mask bits is determined as the product of the matrix and the integer bit sequence.

[0255] Aspect 18: The method according to any one of aspects 16 to 17, wherein the shaped bit sequence is received in a set of modulation symbols separate from the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols.

[0256] Aspect 19: The method according to any one of aspects 16 to 18, wherein the set of mask bits and the shaping bit sequence each have an associated length based at least in part on the number of shaped bits per modulation constellation.

[0257] Aspect 20: The method according to any one of aspects 16 to 19, further comprising: deinterleaving the set of mask bits based on an interleaver associated with the communication from the receiving device.

[0258] Aspect 21: A method according to Aspect 20, wherein when a polar code is used for communication from the receiving device, the deinterleaving is performed using a triangular interleaver, or when a low-density parity code (LDPC) is used for communication from the receiving device, the deinterleaving is performed using a systematic bit priority mapping (SBPM) interleaver.

[0259] Aspect 22: The method according to any one of aspects 16 to 21, further comprising: receiving an indication of the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol from the transmitting device.

[0260] Aspect 23: A method for performing wireless communications at a transmitting device, comprising: identifying a set of information bits to be sent to a receiving device; identifying the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol associated with a probabilistic shaping scheme for shaping the set of information bits into a probability distribution of modulated symbols; generating a set of mask bits from the set of information bits, wherein the mask bits are determined at least in part based on the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol; applying the set of mask bits to the set of information bits to form a shaped set of information bits; and modulating the shaped set of information bits into probabilistically shaped modulated symbols based at least in part on the probabilistic shaping scheme.

[0261] Aspect 24: A method according to Aspect 23, wherein generating the set of mask bits includes: decoding the sequence of signals to generate a shaped bit sequence based at least in part on a code applied to a sequence of signals associated with the set of information bits; and generating the set of mask bits based at least in part on a matrix applied to the shaped bit sequence.

[0262] Aspect 25: The method according to aspect 24 further comprises: interleaving the mask bits prior to modulating the set of information bits to generate an interleaved mask bit sequence applied to the set of information bits.

[0263] Aspect 26: The method according to aspect 25, wherein when a polar code is applied to the sequence of signals, the interleaving is performed using a triangular interleaver.

[0264] Aspect 27: The method according to any one of aspects 25 to 26, wherein when a low density parity code (LDPC) is applied to the sequence of signals, the interleaving is performed using a systematic bit priority mapping (SBPM) interleaver.

[0265] Aspect 28: The method according to any one of Aspects 24 to 27, further comprising: sending the probabilistically shaped modulated symbol and the shaped bit sequence to a receiving device.

[0266] Aspect 29: An apparatus for performing wireless communications at a transmitting device, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform a method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 15.

[0267] Aspect 30: An apparatus for wireless communication at a transmitting device, comprising: at least one component for performing a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 15.

[0268] Aspect 31: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a code for wireless communication at a transmitting device, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 15.

[0269] Aspect 32: An apparatus for wireless communication at a receiving device, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform a method according to any one of Aspects 16 to 22.

[0270] Aspect 33: An apparatus for wireless communication at a receiving device, comprising: at least one component for performing a method according to any one of aspects 16 to 22.

[0271] Aspect 34: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a receiving device, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform a method according to any one of aspects 16 to 22.

[0272] Aspect 35: An apparatus for performing wireless communications at a transmitting device, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform a method according to any one of Aspects 23 to 28.

[0273] Aspect 36: An apparatus for wireless communication at a transmitting device, comprising: at least one component for performing a method according to any one of aspects 23 to 28.

[0274] Aspect 37: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a code for wireless communication at a transmitting device, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform a method according to any one of aspects 23 to 28.

[0275] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations, and that the operations and steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more methods may be combined.

[0276] Although aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for example purposes, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein may also be applicable to networks other than LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques may be applicable to various other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0277] The information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and methods. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips mentioned throughout the specification may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof.

[0278] The various illustrative blocks and components described in conjunction with the disclosure herein may be implemented or executed using a general purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, CPU, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in an alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0279] The functions described herein may be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored as one or more instructions or codes of a computer-readable medium, or sent using the one or more instructions or codes. Other examples and specific implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hard wiring, or any combination of these items. Features that implement the functions may also be physically located at different locations, including being distributed so that the functions are implemented at different physical locations.

[0280] Computer-readable medium includes both non-transient computer storage medium and communication medium, and the communication medium includes any medium that promotes computer program to be transmitted from one position to another position.Non-transient storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by general or special-purpose computer.In a way of example and not limitation, non-transient computer-readable medium can include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disc (CD) ROM or other optical disc storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage device, or can be used for carrying or storing desired program code components and can be accessed by general or special-purpose computer or general or special-purpose processor in the form of instruction or data structure Any other non-transient medium.Moreover, any connection is appropriately referred to as computer-readable medium.For example, if software is sent from website, server or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) or wireless technology such as infrared, radio and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL or wireless technology such as infrared, radio and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. Disks and optical disks as used herein include CDs, laser optical disks, optical optical disks, digital versatile disks (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray disks. Disks can reproduce data magnetically, and optical disks can reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0281] As used herein (including in the claims), "or" used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items introduced by a phrase such as "at least one of..." or "one or more of...") indicates an inclusive list, so that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). In addition, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be interpreted as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" can be based on condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "based at least in part on".

[0282] The term "determining" encompasses a variety of actions, and thus, "determining" may include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (such as via looking up in a table, database or other data structure), ascertaining, etc. Furthermore, "determining" may include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in a memory), etc. Furthermore, "determining" may include parsing, retrieving, selecting, choosing, establishing, and other such similar actions.

[0283] In the drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference label. In addition, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label with a dash and a second label to distinguish between similar components. If only the first reference label is used in the specification, the description may apply to any of the similar components having the same first reference label regardless of the second reference label, or other subsequent reference labels.

[0284] The descriptions set forth herein in conjunction with the accompanying drawings describe example configurations and do not represent all examples that may be implemented or within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "used as an example, instance, or illustration," rather than "preferred" or "having advantages over other examples." The specific embodiments include specific details to provide an understanding of the described technology. However, these technologies may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0285] The description herein is provided to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to implement or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be granted the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication at a transmitting device, comprising: Identifies a set of information bits to be sent to a receiving device; identifying a sequence of signals based at least in part on a modulation function between the set of information bits and the set of modulation symbols; generating a shaped bit sequence based at least in part on the sequence of signals, wherein the shaped bit sequence is generated from a decoder of a code applied to the sequence of signals; generating a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols based at least in part on the set of information bits and the shaping bit sequence, wherein probabilistic shaping is applied to two or more bits in the set of information bits transmitted via the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols; and The set of information bits is transmitted to the receiving device using the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sequence of signals is a sequence of real numbers corresponding to a sequence of terms of a mapping function between the set of information bits and the set of modulation symbols.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the code applied to the sequence of signals is a concatenated code comprising an inner code and an outer code.

4. The method according to claim 3, further comprising: A set of mask bits is determined based at least in part on a matrix associated with the inner code applied to the shaped bit sequence.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein generating the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols comprises: The set of mask bits is combined with the set of information bits.

6. The method of claim 3 , wherein the shaped bit sequence is generated by: decoding the outer code to convert the sequence of signals having a first length into a second sequence of signals of a second length, and decoding the inner code to convert the second sequence of signals of the second length into the shaped bit sequence, and wherein the first length and the second length are associated with the number of shaped bits per modulation constellation.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein a masking bit sequence is determined from the shaping bit sequence, the shaping bit sequence being applied to a subset of the set of information bits to generate the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols, and the masking bit sequence has the second length.

8. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The shaped bit sequence is sent to the receiving device along with the set of information bits.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein generating the shaped bit sequence comprises: generating a set of intermediate log-likelihood ratios (LLRs) from the sequence of signals based at least in part on an outer code; as well as The set of intermediate LLRs is decoded based at least in part on an inner code to generate the shaped bit sequence.

10. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: generating a mask bit sequence from the shaping bit sequence; as well as The sequence of mask bits is interleaved to generate an interleaved sequence of mask bits that is applied to the set of information bits.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein when a polar code is used to generate the shaped bit sequence, the interleaving is performed using a triangular interleaver.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein when a low density parity code (LDPC) is used to generate the shaped bit sequence, the interleaving is performed using a systematic bit priority mapping (SBPM) interleaver.

13. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: An indication of a number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol is sent to the receiving device.

14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol is: is a function of the modulation order of the communication, Indicated in the Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) table, Or any combination of them.

15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols comprises a first subset of modulation symbols and a second subset of modulation symbols, and wherein the first subset of modulation symbols comprises a first number of shaped bits per modulation symbol and the second subset of modulation symbols comprises a second number of shaped bits per modulation symbol, and the first number of bits and the second number of bits are different.

16. A method for wireless communication at a receiving device, comprising: receiving, from a transmitting device, a set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols used to transmit a set of information bits and a shaping bit sequence, wherein the shaping bit sequence indicates probabilistic shaping applied to the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols, the probabilistic shaping applied to two or more bits in the set of information bits transmitted via the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols; determining a set of mask bits based at least in part on the shaped bit sequence and the matrix; applying the set of mask bits to the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols to generate a coded set of information bits; as well as The encoded set of information bits is decoded to determine the set of information bits.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the set of mask bits is determined as the product of the matrix and the integer bit sequence.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein the shaped bit sequence is received in a set of modulation symbols separate from the set of probabilistically shaped modulation symbols.

19. The method of claim 16, wherein the set of mask bits and the sequence of shaping bits each have an associated length based at least in part on a number of shaped bits per modulation constellation.

20. The method of claim 16, further comprising: The set of mask bits is deinterleaved based on an interleaver associated with communications from the receiving device.

21. A method according to claim 20, wherein when polar codes are used for communication from the receiving device, the deinterleaving is performed using a triangular interleaver, or when low-density parity codes (LDPC) are used for communication from the receiving device, the deinterleaving is performed using a systematic bit priority mapping (SBPM) interleaver.

22. The method of claim 16, further comprising: An indication of a number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol is received from the transmitting device.

23. A method for wireless communication at a transmitting device, comprising: Identifies a set of information bits to be sent to a receiving device; identifying a number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol associated with a probabilistic shaping scheme for shaping the set of information bits into a probability distribution of modulated symbols; generating a set of mask bits from the set of information bits, wherein the mask bits are determined based at least in part on the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol; applying the set of mask bits to the set of information bits to form a shaped set of information bits; as well as The set of shaped information bits is modulated into probabilistically shaped modulated symbols based at least in part on the probabilistic shaping scheme.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein generating the set of mask bits comprises: decoding the sequence of signals based at least in part on a code applied to the sequence of signals associated with the set of information bits to generate a sequence of shaped bits; as well as The set of mask bits is generated based at least in part on a matrix applied to the shaped bit sequence.

25. The method according to claim 24, further comprising: The mask bits are interleaved prior to modulating the set of information bits to generate an interleaved sequence of mask bits that is applied to the set of information bits.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein when a polar code is applied to the sequence of signals, the interleaving is performed using a triangular interleaver.

27. The method of claim 25, wherein when a low density parity code (LDPC) is applied to the sequence of signals, the interleaving is performed using a systematic bit priority mapping (SBPM) interleaver.

28. The method of claim 24, further comprising: The probabilistically shaped modulated symbols and the shaped bit sequence are transmitted to a receiving device.

29. An apparatus for wireless communication at a transmitting device, comprising: processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Identifies a set of information bits to be sent to a receiving device; identifying a number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol associated with a probabilistic shaping scheme for shaping the set of information bits into a probability distribution of modulated symbols; generating a set of mask bits from the set of information bits, wherein the mask bits are determined based at least in part on the number of probabilistically shaped bits per modulation symbol; applying the set of mask bits to the set of information bits to form a shaped set of information bits; as well as The set of shaped information bits is modulated into probabilistically shaped modulated symbols based at least in part on the probabilistic shaping scheme.

30. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the instructions for generating the set of mask bits are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: decoding the sequence of signals based at least in part on a code applied to the sequence of signals associated with the set of information bits to generate a sequence of shaped bits; generating the set of mask bits based at least in part on a matrix applied to the shaped bit sequence; as well as The mask bits are interleaved prior to modulating the set of information bits to generate an interleaved sequence of mask bits that is applied to the set of information bits.

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