Device and method for testing performance of miniature nuclear battery based on electrostatic accelerator

Abstract

The invention discloses a miniature nuclear battery performance testing device and method based on an electrostatic accelerator. The miniature nuclear battery performance testing device comprises a bottom plate, and a front suspension bracket, a monitoring detector bracket, a sample bracket and a rear suspension bracket which are sequentially arranged on the bottom plate along a linear direction, the front suspension frame is provided with a front center hole and a scattering target, the scattering target is provided with a gold film and a plurality of beam channel holes, the gold film covers the plurality of beam channel holes, and the plurality of beam channel holes are all aligned with the front center hole; the monitoring detector bracket is used for placing a monitoring detector in an inclined manner; the sample bracket is used for placing a sample in an inclined manner; the rear suspension bracket is used for being fixed in a vacuum chamber of the electrostatic accelerator, a rear center hole is formed in the rear suspension bracket, and the rear center hole is aligned with the front center hole; after the scheme is adopted, the output characteristic curve and the electrical property parameters of the nuclear battery sample to be detected can be obtained under the condition that the nuclear battery sample to be detected carries isotope radioactive sources of various types and various activities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of micro-nuclear battery performance testing, and in particular to a micro-nuclear battery performance testing device and method based on an electrostatic accelerator. Background Art

[0002] As human exploration of unknown extreme environments such as the deep sea, deep earth, and deep space continues to advance, the development of micro-nano devices represented by micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) has become one of the key indicators for measuring a country's scientific and technological level. In the development of MEMS, the technical level of micro-sensors and micro-actuators has rapidly improved, but the supporting micro-power sources are relatively scarce. Since traditional batteries such as chemical batteries and solar cells cannot fully meet the actual needs of long-term stable operation of MEMS under the condition of losing external energy supply, the development of stable, efficient, and serviceable micro-nuclear batteries of decades to hundreds of years is of great significance for breaking through the technical bottleneck of MEMS.

[0003] The energy conversion mechanism of micro-nuclear batteries is to use the interaction between the transducer and the rays (α particles, β particles, X / γ-ray) released by isotope radioactive sources to generate electrical energy through direct or indirect transduction processes. According to different energy conversion mechanisms, mainstream micro-nuclear batteries are divided into two categories: radiovoltaic effect nuclear batteries (direct type) and radiation photovoltaic effect nuclear batteries (indirect type).

[0004] The radiovoltaic effect nuclear battery consists of two core components: an isotope radiation source and a semiconductor energy conversion device. It completes the conversion of radiation energy into electrical energy by collecting electron-hole pairs generated by the ionization of radiation inside the semiconductor. It has the characteristics of no indirect energy loss, which is conducive to achieving high energy conversion efficiency. The radiation photovoltaic effect nuclear battery consists of three core components: an isotope radiation source, a scintillator, and a photoelectric conversion device. First, the radiation energy is converted into light energy by exciting the scintillator through radiation, and then the photoelectric conversion device is used to complete the conversion of light energy into electrical energy. Compared with the radiovoltaic effect nuclear battery, the radiation photovoltaic effect nuclear battery uses scintillator indirect energy conversion to avoid radiation damage to semiconductor devices. The energy conversion efficiency is slightly lower, but a longer effective life can be obtained.

[0005] During the research and development process, the performance test conditions of radiovoltaic effect nuclear batteries and radiovoltaic effect nuclear batteries (hereinafter collectively referred to as "micro nuclear batteries") are very stringent and must be carried out in laboratories with qualifications for using radioactive sources. 241 Am, 238 Pu, 3 H. 63 You, 90However, due to the differences in the types, sizes, and activities of isotope radiation sources, the performance test of micro-nuclear batteries has not yet reached standardization, which seriously affects the accuracy of the test results and interferes with the research on the electrical properties of micro-nuclear batteries.

[0006] In view of the above problems, it is urgent to develop a more accurate and efficient way to test the electrical performance of micro-nuclear batteries. The electrostatic accelerator is a linear accelerator that uses an electrostatic high-voltage generator to accelerate charged particles. It has the advantages of a rich variety of particle sources, good intensity stability of particle beams, high energy, and low energy dispersion. Using electrostatic accelerator equivalent isotope radiation sources to carry out micro-nuclear battery performance testing is of great significance to the development of micro-nuclear battery technology. However, the electrostatic accelerator is currently not equipped with a dedicated beam channel for micro-nuclear battery performance testing, and the minimum particle beam intensity provided by the electrostatic accelerator is still 3-6 orders of magnitude higher than the intensity required for conducting micro-nuclear battery performance testing. It has not yet been possible to use the existing electrostatic accelerator beam channel and the supporting irradiation target chamber to carry out micro-nuclear battery performance testing and complete the accurate measurement of key performance indicators. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a micro-nuclear battery performance testing device and method based on an electrostatic accelerator to solve the problem that the prior art cannot use an electrostatic accelerator to accurately measure key performance indicators.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a micro-nuclear battery performance testing device based on an electrostatic accelerator, comprising a base plate, and a front suspension frame, a monitoring detector bracket, a sample bracket and a rear suspension frame arranged on the base plate in sequence along a straight line; the front suspension frame is provided with a front center hole and a scattering target, the scattering target is provided with a gold film and a plurality of beam channel holes, the gold film covers the plurality of beam channel holes, and the plurality of beam channel holes are aligned with the front center hole; the monitoring detector bracket is used for placing the monitoring detector in an oblique arrangement; the sample bracket is used for placing the sample in an oblique arrangement; the rear suspension frame is used for being fixed in a vacuum chamber of the electrostatic accelerator, the rear suspension frame is provided with a rear center hole, and the rear center hole is aligned with the front center hole.

[0009] In one embodiment, the base plate is provided with a plurality of middle sockets along a straight line, and the plurality of middle sockets are used for selecting installation positions for the monitoring detector bracket and the sample bracket, and the plurality of middle sockets are connected to the monitoring detector bracket and the sample bracket in a plug-in manner.

[0010] In one of the embodiments, a detachable scattering target rack is provided on the front suspension frame, and the scattering target rack is provided with the scattering target.

[0011] In one embodiment, a connecting rod is connected between the front suspension frame and the rear suspension frame.

[0012] In one embodiment, the monitoring detector bracket and the sample bracket are both in the shape of a right triangle, and the hypotenuse surfaces of the monitoring detector bracket and the sample bracket are both facing the direction of the front suspension frame; the hypotenuse surface of the monitoring detector bracket is used to place the monitoring detector; and the hypotenuse surface of the sample bracket is used to place the sample.

[0013] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides a micro-nuclear battery performance testing method based on an electrostatic accelerator, characterized in that the above-mentioned micro-nuclear battery performance testing device is applied and includes the following steps:

[0014] S1, calibrate the particle beam intensity of the electrostatic accelerator;

[0015] S2, after the particle beam intensity of the electrostatic accelerator is calibrated, the nuclear battery sample to be tested is installed on the sample holder, the nuclear battery sample to be tested is connected to the digital source meter, the electrostatic accelerator is started and the performance test of the nuclear battery sample to be tested is started;

[0016] S3, adjusting the acceleration voltage and beam intensity of the electrostatic accelerator to measure the output characteristic curve and electrical performance parameters of the nuclear battery sample to be tested when it is equipped with isotope radiation sources of various types and activities.

[0017] In one embodiment, step S1 includes the following operations:

[0018] S11, installing a first monitoring detector on a monitoring detector bracket, installing a second monitoring detector on a sample bracket, and connecting signal lines of the first monitoring detector and the second monitoring detector to an ammeter;

[0019] S12, starting the electrostatic accelerator, introducing the particle beam into the irradiation chamber and vertically bombarding the scattering target;

[0020] S13, using the ammeter to record the output current signal value I of the first monitoring detector and the second monitoring detector A and I B , and calculate the particle beam intensity T of the second monitoring detector B ;

[0021] S14, keeping the acceleration voltage of the electrostatic accelerator unchanged, adjusting the beam intensity of the electrostatic accelerator, and obtaining T B with I A The linear relationship between

[0022] S15, adjusting the acceleration voltage of the electrostatic accelerator, and repeating the operation of S14 to obtain T B with I A Linear relationship at different particle energies;

[0023] In one embodiment, in step S13, there exists a relationship:

[0024]

[0025] Wherein, ω is the average ionization energy of the semiconductor material of the second monitoring detector, e is the electron charge, and E is the particle energy provided by the electrostatic accelerator;

[0026] In step S14, T B with I A The linear relationship between them is:

[0027] T B =aI A +b

[0028] Where a and b are the slope and intercept of the linear relationship, respectively.

[0029] In one embodiment, in step S3, the electrical performance parameters of the nuclear battery sample to be tested include an open circuit voltage V OC , short circuit current I SC , maximum output power P max , filling factor FF, energy conversion efficiency η.

[0030] In one embodiment, the open circuit voltage V OC and the short-circuit current I SC Extracted from the current-voltage characteristic curve measured by the digital source meter; the maximum output power P max Extracted from the power-voltage characteristic curve measured by the digital source meter;

[0031] The calculation formula of the filling factor FF is:

[0032]

[0033] The calculation formula of the energy conversion efficiency η is:

[0034]

[0035] Wherein, e is the electron charge, and E is the particle energy provided by the electrostatic accelerator.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0037] The above-mentioned micro-nuclear battery performance testing device can be used in conjunction with an electrostatic accelerator to achieve the output characteristic curve and electrical performance parameter acquisition of the nuclear battery sample to be tested when equipped with isotope radiation sources of various types and activities, which effectively solves the problem that the existing technology cannot use electrostatic accelerators to complete the accurate measurement of key performance indicators. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the implementation mode will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation modes of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0039] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the bottom plate structure;

[0041] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the front suspension structure;

[0042] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the monitoring detector bracket and sample bracket structure;

[0043] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the monitoring detector tray structure;

[0044] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the sample tray structure;

[0045] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the rear suspension structure;

[0046] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the scattering target structure;

[0047] Fig. 9 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connecting rod structure;

[0048] Fig.10 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the scattering target stand structure;

[0049] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.12is the particle beam intensity calibration diagram;

[0051] Fig.13 It is the current-voltage characteristic curve of the micro nuclear battery;

[0052] Fig.14 This is the power-voltage characteristic curve of the micro nuclear battery.

[0053] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0054] 10. Bottom plate; 11. Front jack; 12. Rear jack; 13. Middle jack;

[0055] 20. Front suspension frame; 21. Front center hole; 22. Front hole;

[0056] 30. Monitoring detector bracket; 31. Monitoring detector tray; 32. Monitoring detector wiring hole;

[0057] 40. Sample holder; 41. Sample tray; 42. Sample wiring hole;

[0058] 50, rear suspension frame; 51, rear center hole; 52, rear hole; 53, rear fixing hole;

[0059] 60. scattering target; 61. gold film; 62. beam channel hole;

[0060] 70. Connecting rod;

[0061] 80. Scattering target stand; 81. Center hole on the target; 82. Upper hole on the target. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0063] The present invention provides a micro-nuclear battery performance testing device based on an electrostatic accelerator, which can be implemented as follows: Figures 1 to 11As shown, it includes a base plate 10, and a front suspension frame 20, a monitoring detector support 30, a sample support 40 and a rear suspension frame 50 which are sequentially arranged on the base plate 10 along a straight line direction; the base plate 10 has a length of 100-150 mm and a width of 15-25 mm; the front suspension frame 20 is provided with a front center hole 21 and a scattering target 60, the aperture of the front center hole 21 is 15-25 mm, the diameter of the scattering target 60 is 10-15 mm, and the scattering target 60 is provided with a gold film 61 and a plurality of beam channel holes 62, the thickness of the gold film 61 is 50-100 nm, and the gold film 61 covers the plurality of beam channel holes 6 2. A plurality of beam channel holes 62 are arranged in a circular array, and the plurality of beam channel holes 62 are aligned with the front center hole 21, and the aperture of the plurality of beam channel holes 62 is 1-2 mm; the monitoring detector bracket 30 is used to place the monitoring detector in an oblique arrangement; the sample bracket 40 is used to place the sample in an oblique arrangement; the rear suspension frame 50 is used to be fixed in the vacuum chamber of the electrostatic accelerator, specifically, it is fixed with the electrostatic accelerator by using its rear fixing hole 53, and a rear center hole 51 is provided on the rear suspension frame 50, and the rear center hole 51 is aligned with the front center hole 21, and the aperture of the rear center hole 51 is 10-20 mm.

[0064] When applied, the particle beam with intensity n emitted by the electrostatic accelerator is vertically incident on the surface of the scattering target 60 and penetrates the gold film 61 (the particles can be protons or helium ions). Most of the particle beams that are not scattered do not change their moving direction and have an intensity of n′; a small part of the particle beams that are scattered move divergently along a direction of 0 to 90° with respect to the incident direction; according to the Rutherford scattering formula, the particle beam intensity dn scattered within a solid angle of dΩ in the θ direction is:

[0065]

[0066] Wherein, N is the number of gold atoms contained in the gold film 61 per unit volume; t is the thickness of the gold film 61; ε0 is the dielectric constant of vacuum; Z is the atomic number of gold; e is the electron charge; and E is the particle energy provided by the electrostatic accelerator.

[0067] The above-mentioned micro-nuclear battery performance testing device can be used in conjunction with an electrostatic accelerator to achieve the output characteristic curve and electrical performance parameter acquisition of the nuclear battery sample to be tested when equipped with isotope radiation sources of various types and activities, which effectively solves the problem that the existing technology cannot use electrostatic accelerators to complete the accurate measurement of key performance indicators.

[0068] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7As shown, at this time, along a straight line direction, a front jack 11 and a rear jack 12 are sequentially provided on the bottom plate 10; the plug-in and unplugging parts of the front jack 11 and the front suspension frame 20 are both rectangular, thereby realizing a plug-in connection between the front jack 11 and the front suspension frame 20; the plug-in and unplugging parts of the rear jack 12 and the rear suspension frame 50 are both rectangular, thereby realizing a plug-in connection between the rear jack 12 and the rear suspension frame 50.

[0069] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment also provides a plurality of middle sockets 13 along a straight line direction of the base plate 10, and the plurality of middle sockets 13 are arranged between the front socket 11 and the rear socket 12. The plurality of middle sockets 13 are used for selecting installation positions for the monitoring detector bracket 30 and the sample bracket 40, and the plurality of middle sockets 13 and the monitoring detector bracket 30, as well as the sample bracket 40 are all plug-in connections.

[0070] Specifically, at this time, the middle socket 13, the plug-in and unplugging parts of the monitoring detector bracket 30, and the plug-in and unplugging parts of the sample bracket 40 are all rectangular, thereby realizing the plug-in connection between the multiple middle sockets 13 and the monitoring detector bracket 30 and the sample bracket 40.

[0071] After adopting this arrangement, the monitoring detector bracket 30 and the sample bracket 40 can have a variety of installation options, so that the installation positions of the monitoring detector bracket 30 and the sample bracket 40 can be adjusted according to different experimental requirements.

[0072] like Figure 1 and Fig. 9 As shown, in this embodiment, a connecting rod 70 is connected between the front suspension frame 20 and the rear suspension frame 50 .

[0073] After adopting this setting method, the two ends of the connecting rod 70 will be connected to the upper part of the front suspension frame 20 and the rear suspension frame 50 respectively, and the two ends of the base plate 10 will be connected to the lower part of the front suspension frame 20 and the rear suspension frame 50 respectively, so that the installation connection of the front suspension frame 20 and the rear suspension frame 50 is more stable.

[0074] To achieve the connection and fixation between the connecting rod 70 and the front suspension frame 20 and the rear suspension frame 50, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Fig. 9 As shown, this embodiment is provided with a front hole 22 on the front suspension frame 20, and a rear hole 52 on the rear suspension frame 50, and the two ends of the connecting rod 70 are matched with the shape and size of the front hole 22 and the rear hole 52 respectively, so as to facilitate the two ends of the connecting rod 70 to be inserted into the front hole 22 and the rear hole 52 respectively.

[0075] And if Figure 1 and Fig.10 As shown, in this embodiment, a detachable scattering target holder 80 is provided on the front suspension frame 20 , and a scattering target 60 is provided on the scattering target holder 80 .

[0076] After adopting this setting method, the scattering target 60 is fixed by the scattering target frame 80. For different scattering targets 60, only different scattering target frames 80 need to be designed, and there is no need to redesign the front suspension frame 20. Since the front suspension frame 20 needs to be connected with multiple components such as the bottom plate 10, the rear suspension frame 50, and the connecting rod 70, after adopting the above-mentioned method, it is possible to avoid changing the front suspension frame 20, thereby making the setting changes of the entire device simpler.

[0077] For example, the target center hole 81 on the scattering target holder 80 of this embodiment is 10-15 mm. The target center hole 81 is used to detachably mount the scattering target 60 . The size of the target center hole 81 only needs to be adjusted according to the size of the scattering target 60 .

[0078] In order to achieve the connection and fixation between the scattering target frame 80 and the front suspension frame 20, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, in this embodiment, a target upper hole 82 matching the shape and size of the end of the connecting rod 70 is provided on the scattering target holder 80, and the end of the connecting rod 70 is inserted into the target upper hole 82.

[0079] After adopting this setting method, the connecting rod 70 can not only realize the connection and fixation between the front suspension frame 20 and the rear suspension frame 50, but also the end of the connecting rod 70 can be used to pass through the target upper hole 82 on the scattering target frame 80 again, so as to connect and fix the scattering target frame 80 to the front suspension frame 20.

[0080] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the monitoring detector bracket 30 and the sample bracket 40 are both in the shape of a right triangle, and the hypotenuse surfaces of the monitoring detector bracket 30 and the sample bracket 40 are both facing the direction where the front suspension frame 20 is located; the hypotenuse surface of the monitoring detector bracket 30 is used to place the monitoring detector; the hypotenuse surface of the sample bracket 40 is used to place the sample.

[0081] After adopting this setting method, the placement direction of the monitoring detector and the sample can be ensured to be accurate to meet the use requirements during the test process; and the size of the detection bracket of this embodiment is smaller than that of the sample bracket 40, which is more in line with the use requirements under actual test conditions.

[0082] Specifically, Figure 4As shown, at this time, the height of the monitoring detector bracket 30 is 20-25 mm, the inclination angle a1 is 30°-45°, the height of the sample bracket 40 is 30-35 mm, and the inclination angle a2 is 30°-45°.

[0083] In addition, in order to make the installation and application of monitoring detectors and samples more convenient, such as Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, a monitoring detector tray 31 is provided on the hypotenuse of the monitoring detector bracket 30, and the length and width of the monitoring detector tray 31 are in the range of 20-30 mm. The monitoring detector tray 31 is provided with a monitoring detector wiring hole 32, and the monitoring detector tray 31 is used to place the monitoring detector, and the monitoring detector wiring hole 32 is used for routing the wires of the monitoring detector; the hypotenuse of the sample bracket 40 is provided with a sample tray 41, and the length and width of the sample tray 41 are in the range of 20-30 mm. The sample tray 41 is provided with a sample wiring hole 42, and the sample tray 41 is used to place the sample, and the sample wiring hole 42 is used for routing the wires of the sample.

[0084] In order to better explain the application of the above-mentioned micro-nuclear battery performance testing device, the present invention also provides a micro-nuclear battery performance testing method based on an electrostatic accelerator, which applies the above-mentioned micro-nuclear battery performance testing device and includes the following steps:

[0085] S1, calibrate the particle beam intensity of the electrostatic accelerator;

[0086] Step S1 includes the following operations:

[0087] S11, installing a first monitoring detector on the monitoring detector bracket 30, installing a second monitoring detector on the sample bracket 40, and connecting the signal lines of the first monitoring detector and the second monitoring detector to an ammeter;

[0088] S12, starting the electrostatic accelerator, introducing the particle beam into the irradiation chamber and vertically bombarding the scattering target 60;

[0089] S13, using an ammeter to record the output current signal value I of the first monitoring detector and the second monitoring detector A and I B , and calculate the particle beam intensity T of the second monitoring detector B ;

[0090] In step S13, there is a relationship:

[0091]

[0092] Wherein, ω is the average ionization energy of the semiconductor material of the second monitoring detector, e is the electron charge, and E is the particle energy provided by the electrostatic accelerator;

[0093] S14, keep the acceleration voltage of the electrostatic accelerator unchanged, adjust the beam intensity of the electrostatic accelerator, and obtain T B with I A The linear relationship between

[0094] In step S14, T B with I A The linear relationship between them is:

[0095] T B =aI A +b

[0096] In the formula, a and b are the slope and intercept of the linear relationship respectively;

[0097] S15, adjust the acceleration voltage of the electrostatic accelerator, and repeat the operation of S14 to obtain T B with I A Linear relationship at different particle energies;

[0098] S2, after the particle beam intensity of the electrostatic accelerator is calibrated, the nuclear battery sample to be tested is mounted on the sample holder 40, the nuclear battery sample to be tested is connected to the digital source meter, the electrostatic accelerator is started and the performance test of the nuclear battery sample to be tested is started;

[0099] S3, adjusting the acceleration voltage and beam intensity of the electrostatic accelerator to measure the output characteristic curve and electrical performance parameters of the nuclear battery sample to be tested when carrying isotope radiation sources of various types and activities;

[0100] In step S3, the electrical performance parameters of the nuclear battery sample to be tested include the open circuit voltage V OC , short circuit current I SC , maximum output power P max , filling factor FF, energy conversion efficiency η;

[0101] Open circuit voltage V OC and short-circuit current I SC Extracted from the current-voltage characteristic curve measured by the digital source meter;

[0102] Maximum output power P max Extracted from the power-voltage characteristic curve measured by the digital source meter;

[0103] The calculation formula of filling factor FF is:

[0104]

[0105] The calculation formula of energy conversion efficiency η is:

[0106]

[0107] In the formula, e is the electron charge and E is the particle energy provided by the electrostatic accelerator.

[0108] From the above, we can see that the performance test method of micro-nuclear batteries mainly includes two steps, one is beam intensity calibration, and the other is electrical performance testing, which will be explained below in conjunction with specific experiments.

[0109] 1. Beam intensity calibration

[0110] A silicon carbide semiconductor detector A is installed on the monitoring detector tray 31, and a silicon semiconductor detector B is installed on the sample tray 41, and the signal lines of the two detectors are connected to the ammeter through the signal interface provided by the electrostatic accelerator vacuum chamber;

[0111] The electrostatic accelerator is started to introduce a proton beam with an energy E of 1.5 MeV into the irradiation chamber and vertically bombard the scattering target 60;

[0112] The output current signal value I of the silicon carbide semiconductor detector A and the silicon semiconductor detector B is recorded simultaneously by an ammeter. A and I B , the output current signal value of the silicon semiconductor detector B is related to the beam intensity T at that position B The relationship between them is:

[0113]

[0114] like Fig.12 As shown, keep the acceleration voltage of the electrostatic accelerator unchanged, adjust the beam intensity of the electrostatic accelerator, and obtain T B with I A The linear relationship between them is:

[0115] T B =1.27×10 5 I A +1.92×10 6

[0116] 2. Electrical performance test

[0117] After the particle beam intensity calibration is completed, the silicon semiconductor detector B is removed and replaced with a radiation photovoltaic nuclear battery sample to be tested. The wires of the sample to be tested are connected to the digital source meter through the signal interface provided by the irradiation chamber, and the electrostatic accelerator is started to start the micro nuclear battery performance test. The particle beam intensity of the accelerator is adjusted, and the detector reading I is monitored by observation. A , so that the particle intensity T received by the surface of the sample to be tested B It stabilized at 8.9×10 7 / cm 2 , 1.3×108 / cm 2 , 2.1×10 8 / cm 2 In the above three types of T B Under the following conditions, the output characteristic curve of the sample to be tested is measured using a digital source meter. Fig.13 and Fig.14 The electrical performance parameters of the samples extracted from the output characteristic curve are shown in Table 1.

[0118] Table 1 Test results of electrical performance parameters of micro-nuclear batteries

[0119]

[0120] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that a person skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A micro nuclear battery performance testing device based on an electrostatic accelerator, characterized in that: It comprises a bottom plate, and a front suspension frame, a monitoring detector support, a sample support and a rear suspension frame which are sequentially arranged on the bottom plate in a straight line direction; The front suspension frame is provided with a front center hole and a scattering target, the scattering target is provided with a gold film and a plurality of beam channel holes, the gold film covers the plurality of beam channel holes, and the plurality of beam channel holes are aligned with the front center hole; The monitoring detector bracket is used to place the monitoring detector in an oblique arrangement; The sample holder is used to place the sample in an oblique arrangement; The rear suspension frame is used to be fixed in the vacuum chamber of the electrostatic accelerator. The rear suspension frame is provided with a rear center hole, and the rear center hole is aligned with the front center hole.

2. The micro-nuclear battery performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate is provided with a plurality of middle jacks along a straight line, and the plurality of middle jacks are used for selecting installation positions for the monitoring detector bracket and the sample bracket, and the plurality of middle jacks are connected to the monitoring detector bracket and the sample bracket in a plug-in manner.

3. The micro-nuclear battery performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front suspension frame is provided with a detachable scattering target frame, and the scattering target frame is provided with the scattering target.

4. The micro-nuclear battery performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting rod is connected between the front suspension frame and the rear suspension frame.

5. The micro-nuclear battery performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring detector bracket and the sample bracket are both in the shape of a right triangle, and the hypotenuse surfaces of the monitoring detector bracket and the sample bracket are both facing the direction where the front suspension bracket is located; The beveled surface of the monitoring detector bracket is used for placing the monitoring detector; The beveled surface of the sample holder is used for placing the sample.

6. A micro-nuclear battery performance testing method based on an electrostatic accelerator, characterized in that: The micro-nuclear battery performance testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is applied, and comprises the following steps: S1, calibrate the particle beam intensity of the electrostatic accelerator; S2, after the particle beam intensity of the electrostatic accelerator is calibrated, the nuclear battery sample to be tested is installed on the sample holder, the nuclear battery sample to be tested is connected to the digital source meter, the electrostatic accelerator is started and the performance test of the nuclear battery sample to be tested is started; S3, adjusting the acceleration voltage and beam intensity of the electrostatic accelerator to measure the output characteristic curve and electrical performance parameters of the nuclear battery sample to be tested when it is equipped with isotope radiation sources of various types and activities.

7. The micro-nuclear battery performance testing method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step S1 includes the following operations: S11, installing a first monitoring detector on a monitoring detector bracket, installing a second monitoring detector on a sample bracket, and connecting signal lines of the first monitoring detector and the second monitoring detector to an ammeter; S12, starting the electrostatic accelerator, introducing the particle beam into the irradiation chamber and vertically bombarding the scattering target; S13, using the ammeter to record the output current signal value I of the first monitoring detector and the second monitoring detector A and I B , and calculate the particle beam intensity T of the second monitoring detector B ; S14, keeping the acceleration voltage of the electrostatic accelerator unchanged, adjusting the beam intensity of the electrostatic accelerator, and obtaining T B with I A The linear relationship between S15, adjusting the acceleration voltage of the electrostatic accelerator, and repeating the operation of S14 to obtain T B with I A Linear relationship at different particle energies; 8. The micro-nuclear battery performance testing method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S13, there is a relationship: Wherein, ω is the average ionization energy of the semiconductor material of the second monitoring detector, e is the electron charge, and E is the particle energy provided by the electrostatic accelerator; In step S14, T B with I A The linear relationship between them is: T B =aI A +b Where a and b are the slope and intercept of the linear relationship, respectively.

9. The micro-nuclear battery performance testing method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S3, the electrical performance parameters of the nuclear battery sample to be tested include the open circuit voltage V OC , short circuit current I SC , maximum output power P max , filling factor FF, energy conversion efficiency η.

10. The micro-nuclear battery performance testing method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The open circuit voltage V OC and the short-circuit current I SC Extracted from the current-voltage characteristic curve measured by the digital source meter; The maximum output power P max Extracted from the power-voltage characteristic curve measured by the digital source meter; The calculation formula of the filling factor FF is: The calculation formula of the energy conversion efficiency η is: Wherein, e is the electron charge, and E is the particle energy provided by the electrostatic accelerator.

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