Ceramic handicraft based on glaze extrusion-pull decoration and preparation method of ceramic handicraft

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of handicraft preparation, and particularly relates to a ceramic handicraft based on glaze pultrusion decoration and a preparation method. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S01, preparing glaze water; s02, preparing a handheld extrusion glazing tool, and filling glaze water into the handheld extrusion glazing tool; s03, preparing a biscuit firing ceramic green body; s04, drawing a preset pattern or line on the biscuit firing ceramic green body; s05, the biscuit-fired ceramic body is arranged on a plane, and the handheld extrusion glazing tool is higher than the plane where the biscuit-fired ceramic body is located for extrusion drawing; and S06, after the to-be-extruded lines are dried, the to-be-extruded lines are fed into a kiln to be calcined. Compared with a traditional technology, the technology has the most remarkable advantages that the technical threshold is greatly lowered, and people without professional functions can also decorate and draw pictures on the ceramic.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of handicraft preparation, and in particular relates to a ceramic handicraft based on glaze extrusion and drawing decoration and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The glazing process is a kind of ancient ceramic production technology, which refers to the application of glaze slurry on the surface of the formed ceramic body. The main methods include dipping glaze, swinging glaze, pouring glaze, brushing glaze, sprinkling glaze, wheel glaze, etc. Usually, the appropriate glazing method is adopted according to the different shapes and thicknesses of the body. However, no matter which glazing method is used, it is difficult to avoid defects such as bubbling, uneven color, pinholes, and sticking to the bottom of the work glazed with fluid glaze. In addition, due to the different concentrations of the glaze and the thickness of the glaze, it is also easy to make the product glaze color unable to stabilize at the same color level.

[0003] In summary, in order to improve the problems caused by the above problems, such as difficulty in ceramic glazing, low yield of handicrafts, and many defects in finished products, it is necessary to propose a new glazing method. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a ceramic handicraft based on glaze extrusion decoration and a preparation method, so as to partially solve or alleviate the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. The present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions.

[0005] A method for preparing a ceramic handicraft based on glaze extrusion decoration comprises the following steps: S01: Prepare glaze, mix the glaze with water to obtain thick glaze water, the density of which is in the range of 1.5g / cm 2 -1.8 g / cm 2 ; S02: preparing a handheld extrusion glazing tool, wherein the handheld extrusion glazing tool comprises a discharge end and an extrusion end; the discharge end is an elongated tube with an open top and a diameter of 1.0-1.5 mm; S03: preparing a bisque fired ceramic body; S04: setting the ambient humidity range to 40%-60% RH, and drawing a predetermined pattern or line on the unglazed ceramic body; As a preferred method, nodes are pre-drawn on the lines to facilitate control of the subsequent extrusion distance.

[0006] S05: setting the ambient humidity range to 60-75% RH, placing the unglazed ceramic body on a plane, with the handheld extrusion glazing tool being higher than the plane where the unglazed ceramic body is located; always keeping the discharge end of the handheld extrusion glazing tool at 45°-60° with the unglazed ceramic body for extrusion and drawing; S06: Set the ambient humidity range to 40%-50% RH. After the extruded lines are dried, they are sent to the kiln for calcination.

[0007] Furthermore, the glaze includes transparent glaze, monochrome glaze, colored glaze or kiln-changed glaze without crystal particles.

[0008] Kiln-fired glaze is made by adding metal oxides or minerals to colored glaze (monochrome or color) or transparent glaze. During the firing process, the oxidation-reduction atmosphere will form some uncertain artistic effects. Kiln-fired glazes often have strong fluidity.

[0009] Furthermore, the density of the glaze is in the range of 1.5 g / cm 2 - 1.6 g / cm 2 .

[0010] Furthermore, the diameter of the top opening of the discharge end is 1.0-1.2 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the diameter of the top opening of the discharge end is 1.0-1.1 mm or 1.1-1.2 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the discharge end of the handheld extrusion glazing tool is at an angle of 60° to the bisque-fired ceramic body.

[0013] Furthermore, the surface of the unglazed ceramic body is sprayed with water and cleaned with a brush.

[0014] Furthermore, the ambient temperature of the entire process is room temperature.

[0015] Furthermore, the volume of glaze water loaded into the handheld extrusion glazing tool does not exceed 50 mL (for easy control).

[0016] Furthermore, the maximum calcination temperature is 1240° C., and the calcination process time is 12-18 hours (excluding natural cooling time).

[0017] Furthermore, the calcination process is a gradient heating process; first, the temperature is (slowly) raised from room temperature to 900°C, and kept at this temperature for 20 minutes; then the temperature is raised from 900°C to 1240°C; and then the temperature is naturally lowered to room temperature.

[0018] Another aspect of the present invention provides a handicraft obtained by the above preparation method.

[0019] Beneficial technical effects: (1) The present invention uses glaze extrusion for decoration, so that the ceramic vessel not only has texture patterns, but also adds colors. The present invention first controls the thickness of the extruded lines by controlling the size of the discharge port diameter of the extrusion tool and the thickness of the glaze; then controls the smoothness and integrity of the extruded lines by controlling the angle of the extruded glaze, and the lines can be used to freely create on the blank; finally, the speed of the extruded glaze and the drying speed of the glaze after extrusion are controlled by controlling the humidity of the process environment to ensure the firing effect. The present invention adopts a progressive heating firing method with a relatively gentle temperature increase, which makes the entire process simple and convenient to operate, while also having a high firing yield and few defects.

[0020] (2) The most significant advantage of the process of the present invention over the traditional process is that it greatly reduces the technical threshold. In the traditional ceramic glazing process, if you want to draw long lines with uniform colors using a brush dipped in glaze or colorant, you need to have a certain level of art or calligraphy skills or undergo long-term training to achieve this. However, using the glaze extrusion process proposed in the present invention, you only need to adjust the glaze concentration, the discharge diameter of the tool, the drawing angle and the humidity of the environment to achieve the drawing of slender and uniform lines, thereby reducing the training costs of painting workers in ceramic handicraft workshops in poor areas and lowering the employment threshold. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art description are briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0022] Figure 1 Screening of line shapes produced by extrusion of different glaze densities in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 In one embodiment of the present invention, the lines extruded from the openings of the extrusion tool with different diameters are screened; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a method for ceramic decoration by extruding and pulling glaze in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the specific operation of ceramic decoration by extruding and pulling glaze in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 The sintering curve of the ceramic calcination in one of the embodiments of the present invention (the horizontal axis represents time, the unit is min, and the vertical axis represents temperature, the unit is ° C); Figure 6This is a finished product of ceramic decoration by extruding and pulling glaze in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A real picture of a ceramic handicraft prepared by the method of the present invention; Figure 8 A physical picture of another ceramic handicraft prepared by the method of the present invention; Fig. 9 This is a real picture of another ceramic handicraft prepared by the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Herein "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0025] Herein, "plurality" means two or more than two, ie, it includes two, three, four, five, etc.

[0026] As used in this specification, the term "about" typically means + / - 5% of the stated value, more typically + / - 4% of the stated value, more typically + / - 3% of the stated value, more typically + / - 2% of the stated value, even more typically + / - 1% of the stated value, and even more typically + / - 0.5% of the stated value.

[0027] In this specification, some embodiments may be disclosed in a format of being in a range. It should be understood that this description of "being in a range" is only for convenience and brevity, and should not be interpreted as a rigid limitation on the disclosed range. Therefore, the description of the range should be considered to have specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and independent numerical values ​​within this range. For example, the description of the range 1-6 should be considered to have specifically disclosed sub-ranges such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., as well as individual numbers within this range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. Regardless of the breadth of the range, the above rules apply.

[0028] Example 1 This embodiment provides an example of a method for decorating ceramics by extruding a glaze.

[0029] Prepare the glaze 1. Prepare a transparent glaze. The composition of the transparent glaze, by mass percentage, includes 55% dolomite, 20% quartz, 20% kaolin and 5% sodium carbonate. Alternatively, the composition of the transparent glaze, by mass percentage, includes 50% calcium carbonate, 30% kaolin and 20% quartz.

[0030] 2. Prepare colored glaze. The colored glaze is a mixture of transparent glaze and color pigment, wherein the ratio of transparent glaze to color pigment is 7:3 or 6:4.

[0031] Alternatively, prepare a kiln-changed glaze, which is a mixture of a transparent glaze and a metal oxide or mineral.

[0032] It will be appreciated that the above glazes are merely examples and any commercially available material may be used.

[0033] 3. Add water to dilute. Add water to the transparent glaze or colored glaze and let it sit for 15 minutes.

[0034] 4. After standing, the glaze-water mixture will separate into layers, with the glaze settling to the bottom layer and the clean water on the top layer. Remove the clean water on the top layer to keep the glaze on the bottom layer thick.

[0035] 5. Use a Pomeranian hydrometer to measure the glaze density. By adding or reducing the amount of water, the glaze density is controlled at 1.5g / cm 2 - 1.8 g / cm 2 .

[0036] Prepare glazing tools Prepare a handheld extrusion glazing tool. The handheld extrusion glazing tool (hereinafter referred to as the tool) includes a discharge end and an extrusion end. The discharge end is a slender tube with an open top; the extrusion end is a bottle that can be held in one hand, and the tool volume is 50ml or 100ml. The diameter of the discharge end opening includes about 0.5mm, 0.7mm, 1.0mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm or 2.0mm.

[0037] It is understandable that the handheld extrusion glazing tool can be a squeeze bottle, but the diameter of the discharge end opening needs to be adjusted.

[0038] Method and steps for ceramic decoration by squeezing glaze: S01: Prepare glaze, add water to make glaze water, and adjust the glaze water density to 1.5g / cm 2 - 1.8 g / cm 2 .

[0039] S02: Prepare a handheld extrusion glazing tool, and load the prepared glaze material (glaze) into the handheld extrusion glazing tool. The maximum volume of the glaze material loaded each time is 50 ml.

[0040] S03: Prepare the ceramic bisque body and clean the surface dust.

[0041] S04: Set the ambient humidity range to 40%-60% RH; then use a pen to outline the draft of the content to be painted or the area to be glazed on the ceramic bisque body.

[0042] Before formally drawing the lines, test the consistency of the extruded glaze on the clay sheet to see if it is appropriate and evaluate the fluidity of the glaze. The extruded glaze needs to form lines of uniform thickness and thickness on the body and can be immediately shaped after extrusion. If the extruded glaze flows and cannot be formed, it means that the glaze is too thin and it is necessary to further adjust the water content of the glaze or increase the amount of dry glaze powder. After adjustment, use a Pomeranian hydrometer to measure the glaze water density again. If the glaze is difficult to extrude continuously, or there is a phenomenon of agglomeration or line breakage, it means that the glaze is too thick and water needs to be added. It should be noted that when adding water, use a dropper to add it slowly in small amounts and multiple times. Each time you add it, you need to shake it well and measure the glaze water density again.

[0043] S05: After the glaze is adjusted appropriately, set the ambient humidity range to 60%-75% RH (preferably 70%-75% RH), extrude the glaze smoothly and evenly on the ceramic body, and paint according to the predetermined shape design. During the extrusion process, the body is set on a plane, and the handheld extrusion glazing tool is higher than the plane where the body is located; always keep the discharge end of the tool at 60° to the body for extrusion.

[0044] S06: Set the ambient humidity range to 40%-50% RH. After the extruded lines are dried, they are sent to the kiln for calcination.

[0045] This example screens the line shapes produced by extrusion of different glaze densities. Figure 1 .

[0046] Table 1 This embodiment also screens the lines extruded from the openings of the extrusion tool with different diameters. Figure 2 .

[0047] Table 2 By adjusting the size of the opening at the discharge end of the tool, the thickness of the extruded glaze line can be controlled.

[0048] The schematic diagram of the operation method of this embodiment is shown in Figure 3 .

[0049] Example 2 This embodiment provides a specific example of using extruded glaze for ceramic decoration.

[0050] (1) Prepare colored glaze, which is a mixture of transparent glaze and colored pigments.

[0051] (2) Dilute with water. Add water to the transparent glaze or colored glaze and let it stand for 15 minutes. After standing, remove the upper layer of water to keep the lower layer of glaze thick. Use a Pomeranian hydrometer to measure the glaze density, which is 1.5g / cm 2 - 1.6 g / cm 2 . The glaze is loaded into the extrusion and drawing tool, and the diameter of the opening end of the extrusion and drawing tool is 1.1-1.2mm.

[0052] (3) Prepare the ceramic bisque-fired body.

[0053] (4) Rehydrate the prepared ceramic bisque-fired body with water, specifically by spraying water on the ceramic bisque-fired body with a spray bottle to keep it moist; and clean the surface with a brush to remove any floating dust.

[0054] (5) Set the ambient humidity range to 40%-60% RH, room temperature, and use a pencil to draw a line drawing on the surface of the ceramic bisque body. Draw nodes on the lines of the line drawing in advance to control the distance of subsequent extrusion.

[0055] (6) Set the ambient humidity range to 70%-75% RH, room temperature, place the body on a flat surface, and place the handheld extrusion glazing tool above the surface of the body; always keep the discharge end of the tool at 60° to the body and squeeze the glaze onto the pencil-drawn lines. If the squeezed glaze leaks out of the pre-drawn content or the area that does not need to be glazed, use a hard-bristle brush to gently remove the glaze on the wrong part to ensure that the overall picture effect is not affected.

[0056] Maintaining a high humidity environment during the glaze extrusion process can prevent the extruded glaze from drying too quickly, and then the extrusion action and time can be slowed down as much as possible, thereby ensuring the integrity and smoothness of the extruded lines. In addition, the high humidity operating environment can make the extruded glaze bond better with the blank. On the other hand, when extruding at 60°, the integrity and smoothness of the extruded lines can be easily observed during the extrusion process. Extrusion at an angle greater than 60° to 90° is not easy to observe, and the extruded lines are prone to jamming and breaking. Extrusion at an angle less than 45° is not easy to control.

[0057] (7) Set the ambient humidity range to 40%-50% RH, room temperature. After drawing, wait for the lines of the pattern to be completely dry before sending them into the kiln for firing.

[0058] Slowly reducing the humidity during the drying process can better avoid glaze cracking and ensure the yield of subsequent firing.

[0059] The operation process of this embodiment is shown in Figure 4 The firing temperature curve of this embodiment is shown in Figure 5 , the finished product after firing is seen Figure 6 .

[0060] Other ceramic handicrafts can also be prepared by the method of the present invention, as shown in the actual picture. Figure 7-Figure 9 .

[0061] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation modes, which are merely illustrative rather than restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing ceramic handicrafts based on glaze extrusion decoration, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S01: Prepare glaze, mix the glaze with water to obtain thick glaze water, the density of which is in the range of 1.5g / cm 2 - 1.8g / cm 2 ; S02: preparing a handheld extrusion glazing tool, wherein the handheld extrusion glazing tool comprises a discharge end and an extrusion end; the discharge end is an elongated tube with an open top and a diameter of 1.0-1.5 mm; S03: preparing a bisque fired ceramic body; S04: setting the ambient humidity range to 40%-60%RH, and drawing a predetermined pattern or line on the unglazed ceramic body; S05: setting the ambient humidity range to 60%-75% RH, placing the unglazed ceramic body on a plane, with the handheld extrusion glazing tool being higher than the plane where the unglazed ceramic body is located; always keeping the discharge end of the handheld extrusion glazing tool at 45°-60° with the unglazed ceramic body for extrusion and drawing; S06: Set the ambient humidity range to 40%-50% RH. After the extruded lines are dried, they are sent to the kiln for calcination.

2. The method for preparing a ceramic handicraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The glaze includes transparent glaze, monochrome glaze, colored glaze or kiln-changed glaze without crystal particles.

3. The method for preparing a ceramic handicraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The density of the glaze is in the range of 1.5 g / cm 2 - 1.6 g / cm 2 .

4. The method for preparing a ceramic handicraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the top opening of the discharge end is 1.0-1.2 mm.

5. The method for preparing a ceramic handicraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge end of the handheld extrusion glazing tool is at 60 degrees to the bisque-fired ceramic body.

6. The method for preparing a ceramic handicraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the unglazed ceramic body is sprayed with water and cleaned with a brush.

7. The method for preparing a ceramic handicraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ambient temperature of the entire process is room temperature.

8. The method for preparing a ceramic handicraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume of glaze water loaded into the handheld extrusion glazing tool is no more than 50 mL.

9. The method for preparing a ceramic handicraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum calcination temperature is 1240° C., and the calcination time is 12-18 hours.

10. The method for preparing a ceramic handicraft according to claim 9, characterized in that: The calcination process is a gradient temperature increase; first, the temperature is increased from room temperature to 900° C., and kept at this temperature for 20 minutes; then the temperature is increased from 900° C. to 1240° C.; and then the temperature is naturally decreased to room temperature.

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