Compressed air storage container and compressed air storage device comprising same

Abstract

The invention provides a compressed air storage container for storing compressed air. A compressed air storage container according to the present invention is provided with: a cylindrical container having a cylindrical side surface section, a top surface section that closes the upper end of the cylindrical side surface section, a bottom surface section that closes the lower end of the cylindrical side surface section, and a supply / discharge port for a first gas on the top surface section side, the cylindrical container being placed in the vertical direction and having both closed ends; and a cylindrical separator having a second gas discharge / supply port on the bottom surface side, the cylindrical separator being suspended from the top surface of the cylindrical container in a state in which the opening on the upper end side is bundled together and sealed, and the opening on the lower end side is open so as to face the bottom surface. The peripheral edge part of the opening part at the lower end of the cylindrical isolating membrane is tightly attached to the bottom surface part or the side surface part near the bottom surface part. Gas movement between an inner space surrounded by the inner surface of the cylindrical separator and the bottom surface of the cylindrical container and between an outer space surrounded by the cylindrical container, the outer surface of the cylindrical separator and the top surface of the cylindrical container is blocked or separated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a compressed air storage container and a compressed air storage device including the compressed air storage container, a method for using compressed air, and a power generation device and a power generation method using the compressed air storage device. Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, there is known a technology for storing and utilizing compressed air energy in a huge underground space after rock salt mining (Compressed Air Energy Storage: CAES), and the stored compressed air energy is utilized for power generation and the like.

[0003] EP3255266B1 describes a hybrid CAES system that reuses the heat generated when air is stored and the heat generated when air is discharged. WO2009 / 146101A2 describes a method that uses carbon dioxide as a buffer gas in porous sandstone layers and other strata at high depths, and uses the fact that the volume of carbon dioxide decreases sharply when the critical pressure is exceeded to store more air. WO2007 / 096656A1 describes a technique that reduces the storage volume by liquefying compressed air, and stores more air even in small-scale ground equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a compressed air storage container capable of reducing the volume of a container storing compressed air, a compressed air storage device including the compressed air storage container, a method for using the compressed air storage device, and a power generation device and power generation method using the compressed air storage device.

[0005] The present invention provides a compressed air storage container, which has a cylindrical container placed vertically and closed at both ends, a cylindrical isolation membrane is provided inside the cylindrical container closed at both ends, the cylindrical container closed at both ends has a cylindrical side portion, a top portion sealing the upper end of the cylindrical side portion, and a bottom portion sealing the lower end of the cylindrical side portion, a first gas supply / discharge port is provided on the top portion side, and a second gas discharge / supply port is provided on the bottom portion side, and the cylindrical isolation membrane is provided with a cylindrical isolation membrane, the opening on the upper end side is sealed together The container is suspended from the top portion of the cylindrical container in a bundled and sealed state, with the opening on the lower end side opened opposite to the bottom portion, and is fixed in such a manner that the peripheral edge of the opening at the lower end of the cylindrical isolation membrane is in close contact with the bottom portion or the side portion near the bottom portion, and the inner space surrounded by the inner surface of the cylindrical isolation membrane and the bottom portion of the cylindrical container and the outer space surrounded by the cylindrical container, the outer surface of the cylindrical isolation membrane and the top portion of the cylindrical container are separated in a state in which the movement of gases to each other is cut off by the cylindrical isolation membrane.

[0006] The present invention provides a compressed air storage device. In the compressed air storage device including the above-mentioned compressed air storage container, when the above-mentioned first gas is compressed air and the above-mentioned second gas is buffer gas, the supply / discharge port on the top face side of the above-mentioned cylindrical container is connected to the supply / discharge pipeline of the compressed air, and the discharge / supply port on the bottom face side of the above-mentioned cylindrical container is connected to the discharge / supply pipeline of the buffer gas, the compressor of the buffer gas, the heat exchanger for cooling / heating the buffer gas, and the storage container of the liquefied buffer gas after compression and cooling. When the above-mentioned first gas is buffer gas and the above-mentioned second gas is compressed air, the supply / discharge port on the bottom face side of the above-mentioned cylindrical container is connected to the supply / discharge pipeline of the compressed air, and the discharge / supply port on the top face side of the above-mentioned cylindrical container is connected to the discharge / supply pipeline of the buffer gas, the compressor of the buffer gas, the heat exchanger for cooling / heating the buffer gas, and the storage container of the liquefied buffer gas after compression and cooling. When the compressed air storage container is used in a compressed air storage device, the first gas is compressed air and the second gas is a buffer gas, or the first gas is a buffer gas and the second gas is compressed air.

[0007] The present invention provides a method for using a compressed air storage device, which is the method for using the compressed air storage device described above, and is a method for using the method of alternately supplying compressed air to the outer space (or inner space) of a cylindrical isolation diaphragm in the compressed air storage container, discharging the buffer gas filled in the inner space (or outer space) of the cylindrical isolation diaphragm in the compressed air storage container, and supplying buffer gas to the inner space (or outer space), discharging the compressed air filled in the outer space (or inner space). In the aforementioned method of use, the compressed air is supplied to the outer space (or inner space) of the cylindrical isolation diaphragm in the compressed air storage container, and the buffer gas is supplied to the inner space (or outer space), and the compressed air filled in the outer space (or inner space) is discharged. When the side space (or the inner space) is used as a compressed air supply space and the inner space (or the outer space) is used as a buffer gas supply space, the method comprises: step 1, when storing compressed air, in a state where the inner space (or the outer space) is filled with buffer gas, compressed air is supplied from the compressed air supply pipeline to the outer space (or the inner space); step 2, which is to continue to supply compressed air to the outer space (or the inner space) and at the same time discharge the buffer gas from the inner space (or the outer space), and discharge the discharged buffer gas to the inner space (or the outer space). The gas is cooled and stored; step 3, when the supply of compressed air to the aforementioned outer space (or inner space) is stopped and the discharge of buffer gas from the aforementioned inner space (or outer space) is stopped, the change of the air storage amount in the aforementioned compressed air storage container is measured, and the aforementioned stop period is determined according to the change of the aforementioned air storage amount; step 4, when the compressed air is discharged for use, in the state where the aforementioned outer space (or inner space) is filled with compressed air, the compressed air is discharged from the compressed air discharge pipeline and supplied to the user; step 5, when the compressed air is discharged for use The buffer gas stored in the storage container of the liquefied buffer gas is heated / vaporized and then supplied to the inner space (or the outer space); Step 6 is to measure the change of the air storage amount in the compressed air storage container when the supply of buffer gas to the inner space (or the outer space) and the discharge of compressed air in the outer space (or the inner space) and the supply to the user are stopped, and the stop period is determined according to the change of the air storage amount.

[0008] The present invention provides a power generation device and a power generation method having the above-mentioned compressed air storage device and a turbine generator.

[0009] The compressed air storage device of the present invention includes a compressed air storage container that utilizes a buffer gas using a cylindrical isolation membrane, thereby increasing the amount of compressed air that can be stored and also increasing the amount of compressed air that can be used. That is, by utilizing the buffer gas to squeeze out the compressed air in the compressed air storage container via the cylindrical isolation membrane, substantially all of the compressed air in the compressed air storage container can be discharged without reducing the discharge pressure of the compressed air. As a result, the amount of electric power that can be recovered by the subsequent expansion machine increases. In addition, the buffer gas and the compressed air are always isolated by the cylindrical isolation membrane, so it is difficult for air to mix into the buffer gas, and there is almost no change in the purity of the buffer gas over time. As a result, the expected effect of the buffer gas is stably maintained over a long period of time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the compressed air storage container of the present invention. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Partially enlarged cross-sectional view. Figure 3 It is a flow chart of the power generation device including the compressed air storage device of the present invention. Figure 4 It is an explanatory diagram of a method of using a compressed air storage device including the compressed air storage container of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] (Compressed air storage container) Figure 1 An embodiment of the compressed air storage container 1 of the present invention is described. The compressed air storage container 1 includes a cylindrical container 10 (hereinafter, simply referred to as "cylindrical container 10") with both ends closed and a cylindrical isolation membrane 20 arranged inside the cylindrical container 10. In the following, the following embodiment is described: the inner space 30 of the cylindrical isolation membrane 20 is a supply space for buffer gas, and the outer space 35 of the cylindrical isolation membrane 20 is a supply space (storage space) for compressed air.

[0012] The cylindrical container 10 is a pressure storage container, and is preferably a container made of metal such as carbon steel or stainless steel with pressure resistance. The annular cross-sectional shape of the cylindrical container 10 is preferably circular, but it can also be a desired shape such as an ellipse or polygon according to the conditions such as the installation location. The size of the cylindrical container 10 can be appropriately set according to the required compressed air storage capacity or the installation location and other conditions. For example, when the cross-sectional shape in the width direction is circular, a container with a diameter of 0.8 to 2.0 m and a height of 20 to 40 m can be used, and a container larger than the aforementioned size range or a container smaller than the aforementioned size range can also be used.

[0013] The cylindrical container 10 is placed vertically and has a cylindrical side portion 13, a top portion 11 that seals the upper end opening of the cylindrical side portion 13, and a bottom portion 12 that seals the lower end opening of the cylindrical side portion 13. Near the upper end of the top portion 11 or the side portion 13, there are a supply port and a discharge port 14 for compressed air, which are connected to a pipeline 41 for supplying and discharging compressed air. Figure 1 In the embodiment, the compressed air supply port and the compressed air discharge port are one, but the compressed air supply port and the compressed air discharge port may be separate ports. The bottom portion 12 has a buffer gas discharge port and a supply port 16 connected to a pipeline 42 for supplying and discharging the buffer gas. Figure 1 In the embodiment, the buffer gas supply port and the compressed air discharge port are one port, but the buffer gas supply port and the compressed air discharge port may be separate ports that are independent of each other.

[0014] The cylindrical separator 20 is suspended from the top surface portion 11 in a state where the first end opening 21 side located on the top surface portion 11 side of the cylindrical container 10 is sealed. The method of sealing the first end opening 21 side of the cylindrical separator 20 is not particularly limited, and for example, a method of sealing the first end opening 21 side by bundling with a bundling tape, a method of sealing by bundling with a rope, etc., a method of sealing by bundling with an adhesive tape, a method of sealing with an adhesive, a method of sealing with a lid, etc., or a combination of these methods. Figure 1 In the process, the first end opening 21 side of the cylindrical separator 20 is pressed into the interior of the cap 22, and the adhesive is flowed in to seal the cover 22.

[0015] The cylindrical separator 20 is suspended from the top surface 11 of the cylindrical container 10 by the spring hanger 23. The first end 23a of the spring hanger 23 is fixed to the top surface 11, and the second end 23b is fixed to the first end opening 21 (lid 22) of the cylindrical separator 20.

[0016] When the compressed air storage container 1 is used as a compressed air storage device 50 including the compressed air storage container 1, a measuring means selected from the following (including their combination) can be used as a means for measuring the air storage amount in the compressed air storage container 1: (i) a flow meter for measuring the flow rate change of the buffer gas discharged from the inner space 30 of the cylindrical isolation diaphragm 20 or supplied to the inner space 30; (ii) a flow meter for measuring the flow rate change of the compressed air supplied to the outer space 35 of the cylindrical isolation diaphragm 20 or discharged from the outer space 35; (iii) a weight meter such as a load cell for measuring the change of the suspension load applied to the spring hanger 23 that suspends the cylindrical isolation diaphragm 20; (iv) a displacement meter such as a level meter for measuring the change of the spring elongation of the spring hanger 23 that suspends the cylindrical isolation diaphragm 20. As an example, in the compressed air storage container 1 , the portion that suspends the cylindrical separation diaphragm 20 from the top surface portion 11 is the spring hanger 23 , and a device capable of measuring the suspension load of the cylindrical separation diaphragm acting on the spring hanger 23 is provided.

[0017] The second end opening 25 of the cylindrical separation membrane 20 located on the bottom portion 12 side of the cylindrical container 10 is opposite to the bottom portion 12, and the peripheral edge 25a of the second end opening 25 is closely attached to and fixed near the connection between the bottom portion 12 and the side portion 13 (at Figure 1 , Figure 2 The diameter and length of the cylindrical separator 20 are adjusted according to the size of the cylindrical container 10. Ideally, the diameter of the cylindrical separator 20 is the same as the inner diameter of the cylindrical container 10 or is about ±10% of the inner diameter of the cylindrical container 10.

[0018] The cylindrical separator 20 is not air-permeable. When the first end opening 21 is suspended from the top surface 11 of the cylindrical container 10, the peripheral edge 25a of the second end opening 25 can be kept in contact with the bottom surface 12 of the cylindrical container 10 or the side surface 13 near the bottom surface 12 by its own weight, and the peripheral edge 25a can be kept in contact with the bottom surface 12 of the cylindrical container 10 or the side surface 13 near the bottom surface 12, and the cylindrical container 10 can be closely attached to the cylindrical container 10 by the fixing member. Such a cylindrical separator 20 can be used with a mass per unit area of ​​500g / m 2 The above film is preferably a film made of a material selected from a film made of synthetic resin, a rubber-covered cloth, and a combination thereof. The rubber-covered cloth is a sheet material in which rubber is bonded to cloth, and is a composite material having the properties of both cloth and rubber. For example, a composite sheet material made by bonding rubber rolled by a roller to one or both sides of fibers of a woven or non-woven fabric, a composite sheet material in which rubber is sandwiched by fibers, etc. can be cited.

[0019] There is no particular limitation on the method for fixing the second opening 25 side of the cylindrical separator 20, as long as there is no obstruction to the smooth movement of the cylindrical separator 20 or the cylindrical separator 20 is damaged by contact with the fixing member, and the peripheral edge 25a of the second end opening 25 of the cylindrical separator 20 is closely attached to the connection between the bottom surface 12 and the side surface 13 of the cylindrical container to maintain airtightness. For example, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, it is possible to implement the embodiment in which the peripheral edge 25a of the second end opening 25 is fixed in a state where it is sandwiched between the side surface 13 and the annular fixing member 28. The annular fixing member 28 may be a continuous annular fixing member or a fixing member divided into a plurality of fixing members and arranged in an annular shape. That is, the peripheral edge 25a of the lower end side opening (second end opening 25) of the cylindrical separator 20 is fixed by being closely attached to the bottom surface 12 of the hollow cylindrical container 10 or the side surface 13 near the bottom surface 12 using the continuous or discontinuous annular fixing member 28. As specific fixing means, the following can be used: a method of fixing the second end opening 25 by sandwiching the peripheral edge 25a of the second end opening 25 between an annular fixing member 28 and the inner surface of the side surface 13 using a plurality of fasteners such as bolts and nuts not shown (gaskets may also be used as needed); a method of bonding the peripheral edge 25a of the second end opening 25 to the inner surface of the side surface 13 (and further bonding the annular fixing member 28 to the peripheral edge 25a of the second end opening 25 as needed); and a method of combining these methods, etc.

[0020] The inner space 30 surrounded by the inner surface 20a of the cylindrical isolation diaphragm 20 is connected to the discharge port and the supply port 16 of the buffer gas. The outer space 35 surrounded by the outer surface 20b of the cylindrical container 10 and the cylindrical isolation diaphragm 20 is connected to the supply port and the discharge port 14 of the compressed air. The inner space 30 and the outer space 35 are separated from each other in a state where the movement of the gas is blocked by the cylindrical isolation diaphragm 20, so that the buffer gas does not move from the inner space 30 to the outer space 35, and the compressed air does not move from the outer space 35 to the inner space 30. In addition, when the compressed air storage container 1 and the compressed air storage device 50 using the compressed air storage container 1 are actually used, the movement of a small amount of gas to the extent that does not affect the normal operation is allowed.

[0021] When the compressed air storage container 1 is used as a compressed air storage device, the compressed air supply port and the compressed air discharge port share a first opening 14, and the first opening 14 is connected to a pipeline 41. The pipeline 41 is branched into a first branch pipeline 51 and a second branch pipeline 53 via a three-way valve 55. The first branch pipeline 51 becomes a compressed air supply pipeline, and the second branch pipeline 53 becomes a compressed air discharge pipeline. Instead of the three-way valve 55, a shutoff valve may be provided on both the first branch pipeline 51 and the second branch pipeline 53. In the case where the compressed air supply port and the compressed air discharge port provided in the compressed air storage container 1 are respectively independent and separate ports, the pipeline 41 is not required, and the pipeline 51 is connected to the compressed air supply port, and the pipeline 53 is connected to the compressed air discharge port.

[0022] When the compressed air storage container 1 is used as a compressed air storage device, the buffer gas supply port and the buffer gas discharge port share a second opening 16, and the second opening 16 is connected to a pipeline 42. The pipeline 42 is branched into a first branch pipeline 66 and a second branch pipeline 65 via a three-way valve 56. The first branch pipeline 66 becomes a buffer gas supply pipeline, and the second branch pipeline 65 becomes a buffer gas discharge pipeline. Instead of the three-way valve 56, a shutoff valve may be provided on both the first branch pipeline 66 and the second branch pipeline 65. In the case where the buffer gas supply port and the buffer gas discharge port provided in the compressed air storage container 1 are respectively independent and separate ports, the pipeline 42 is not required, and the pipeline 66 is connected to the buffer gas supply port, and the pipeline 65 is connected to the buffer gas discharge port.

[0023] (Compressed air storage device) pass Figure 3 The compressed air storage device 50 (excluding the power generation device 54 ) will be described. However, in Figure 3 In the embodiment of the compressed air storage device 50 shown, a compressor 60 is included, but the compressor 60 is not essential, and an embodiment in which the compressor 60 does not exist is also possible. In addition, in the embodiment that does not include the compressor 60, compression cooling is not implemented, and normal cooling is performed. The compressed air storage device 50 includes the above-mentioned compressed air storage container 1, and the compressed air storage container 1 can be either one or multiple (for example, 50 to 100) connected in parallel for use. The compressed air discharge / supply port 14 on the top portion 11 side of the cylindrical container 10 of the compressed air storage container is connected to the compressed air supply line 51 and the compressed air discharge line 53 via a three-way valve 55.

[0024] The compressed air supply line 51 is connected to the compressed air supply device 52. The compressed air supply device 52 is a well-known device including a compressor (not limited to a single compressor, including a combination of multiple machines such as a low-pressure compressor and a high-pressure compressor), a heat accumulator including a liquid medium such as warm water and heat medium oil, a solid medium such as ceramics, crushed stone, bricks, etc., called TES (Thermal Energy Storage), a heat exchanger, etc. The compressed air discharge line 53 is connected to the user 54 of the compressed air energy. The user 54 of the compressed air energy is, for example, a turbine generator.

[0025] Regarding the cylindrical container 10 of the compressed air storage container 1, the discharge port 16 of the buffer gas on the bottom portion 12 side is connected in the order of the discharge line 65 of the buffer gas, the compressor 60 of the buffer gas, the discharge line 65 of the buffer gas, the heat exchanger 61 for cooling / heating the buffer gas, the discharge line 65 of the buffer gas, and the storage container 62 for the compressed and cooled liquefied buffer gas via a switching valve 56 such as a three-way valve. The storage container 62 for the compressed and cooled liquefied buffer gas is connected to the supply line 66 of the buffer gas, the heat exchanger 61 for cooling / heating the buffer gas, the supply line 66 of the buffer gas, the three-way valve 56, and the supply port 16 of the buffer gas on the bottom portion 12 side of the cylindrical container 10 of the compressed air storage container 1.

[0026] When the compressed air storage container 1 is used as a compressed air storage device, it is preferably installed in any one of the above-ground configuration, the configuration in which a part is installed underground and the rest is located above-ground, and the configuration in which the entirety is installed underground. Among these configurations, the configuration in which the above-ground configuration and the configuration in which a part is installed underground are particularly preferred. When a large number (for example, 100) of compressed air storage containers 1 are used, the configuration in which the above-ground configuration and the configuration in which a part is installed underground, and other configurations can be mixed according to needs.

[0027] (How to use the compressed air storage device) pass Figure 3 , Figure 4 The method of using the compressed air storage device 50 of the present invention is described below. The method of using the compressed air storage device 50 is a method of storing compressed air using the compressed air storage device 50 and a method of using the compressed air. Figure 4(a) Step (operation) 1 is described. In step 1, when compressed air is stored in the compressed air storage container 1, the supply of compressed air to the outer space 35 in the compressed air storage container 1 from the compressed air supply line 51, the line 41, and the compressed air supply port 14 is started while the inner space 30 in the compressed air storage container 1 is filled with a buffer gas (preferably carbon dioxide gas). Figure 4 In the state (a), the internal space 30 is filled with the buffer gas (carbon dioxide gas) to the maximum extent, so that the spring hanger 23 is in the most contracted state, and the load on the spring hanger 23 becomes the smallest. The load at this time is preferably 20% or less of the dead weight of the cylindrical separation diaphragm 20, more preferably 15% or less, and even more preferably 10% or less.

[0028] pass Figure 4 (b) and (c) illustrate step (operation) 2. In step (operation) 2, first, the supply of compressed air to the outer space 35 is started ( Figure 4 (b)). Thereafter, if the pressure in the compressed air storage container 1 rises to a predetermined value, the compressed air continues to be supplied to the outer space 35, and at the same time, the buffer gas is discharged from the inner space 30 through the buffer gas discharge port 16, the pipeline 42, and the buffer gas discharge pipeline 65 ( Figure 4 (c)) The discharged buffer gas passes through a buffer gas compressor 60 and a heat exchanger 61 for cooling / heating the buffer gas, and is stored in a storage container 62 as liquefied buffer gas. like Figure 4 As shown in (b) and (c), the buffer gas is exhausted, so the volume of the inner space 30 decreases, while the volume of the outer space 35 supplied with compressed air increases.

[0029] pass Figure 4 (d) Step (operation) 3 is described. In step (operation) 3, the amount of compressed air supplied to the outer space 35 reaches a predetermined amount, so the supply of compressed air to the outer space 35 is stopped, and the discharge of the buffer gas from the inner space 30 is stopped. At this time, the change in the suspension load applied to the spring hanger 23 is measured, and the stop period is determined based on the change in the load. Figure 4In the state (d), the external space 35 is filled with air to the maximum extent, so that the spring hanger 23 is in the most extended state, and the suspension load applied to the spring hanger 23 becomes the maximum. The load at this time is preferably 80% or more of the dead weight of the cylindrical diaphragm 20, more preferably 85% or more, and further preferably 90% or more. In addition, the stop time can also be determined from the expansion and contraction amount of the spring of the spring hanger 23. In addition, a flow meter can be installed in the compressed air supply / discharge line 41 or the buffer gas supply / discharge line 42, and the stop time is determined when the amount of compressed air supplied (the time integral of the compressed air flow rate (kg / sec)) or the amount of buffer gas discharged (the time integral of the buffer gas flow rate (kg / sec)) reaches a predetermined value. By determining the stop time in this way, excessive air supply and excessive buffer gas discharge are prevented, so that the movement of the cylindrical diaphragm 20 can be controlled within a predetermined range, and damage caused by excessive extension of the cylindrical diaphragm 20 can be prevented.

[0030] pass Figure 4 (e) and (f) illustrate steps (operations) 4 and 5. When the compressed air is discharged for use, the outer space 35 of the cylindrical isolation diaphragm 20 in the compressed air storage container 1 is filled with compressed air ( Figure 4 (d)), the compressed air is discharged from the compressed air discharge line 53 and supplied to the user (for example, a turbine generator 54). If the compressed air is discharged from the outer space 35 of the cylindrical isolation diaphragm 20 ( Figure 4 (e)) When the pressure in the compressed air storage container 1 drops to a predetermined value, the compressed air is continuously supplied to the user 54, and at the same time, the buffer gas is supplied to the inner space 30 of the cylindrical isolation diaphragm 20 ( Figure 4 (f)) maintains the pressure in the compressed air storage container 1 at a predetermined value. The buffer gas supplied to the inner space 30 of the cylindrical separator 20 is the liquefied buffer gas stored in the storage container 62 which is vaporized by the heat exchanger 61 for cooling / heating the buffer gas.

[0031] pass Figure 4(a) Step (operation) 6 is described. When the amount of compressed air discharged from the outer space 35 in the compressed air storage container 1 to the user 54 reaches a predetermined amount, the supply of buffer gas to the inner space 30 of the cylindrical isolation diaphragm 20 is stopped, and the discharge of compressed air in the outer space 35 of the cylindrical isolation diaphragm 20 is stopped, the change in the suspension load applied to the spring hanger 23 is measured, and the aforementioned stop period is determined based on the change in load. In addition, the aforementioned stop period can also be determined from the amount of expansion and contraction of the spring of the spring hanger 23. In addition, a flow meter can be installed in the compressed air supply / discharge line 41 or the buffer gas supply / discharge line 42, so that the aforementioned stop period is determined when the amount of compressed air discharged (the time integral of the compressed air flow rate (kg / sec)) or the amount of buffer gas supplied (the time integral of the buffer gas flow rate (kg / sec)) reaches a predetermined value. By determining the stop period in this way, the supply of excessive buffer gas and the discharge of excessive compressed air are prevented, so that the movement of the cylindrical isolation diaphragm 20 can be controlled within a predetermined range, and damage caused by excessive extension of the cylindrical isolation diaphragm 20 can be prevented. The above steps (operations) 1 to 6 are repeatedly implemented. In addition, in actual use, many (for example, 100) compressed air storage containers 1 are used, so by adjusting the start time of the discharge of compressed air from each compressed air storage container 1, 100 quantities of compressed air can be continuously supplied to the object of use (one turbine generator), and in addition, compressed air can also be continuously supplied to multiple turbine generators.

[0032] With regard to the compressed air storage method and compressed air use method of the present invention, the supply and discharge of the buffer gas to the inner space 30 and the discharge and supply of the compressed air to the outer space 35 are implemented in a mutually related manner, so that when storing compressed air, air of a capacity close to the internal volume of the cylindrical container 10 can be stored, and when using compressed air, the pressure can be maintained high and substantially all of the stored compressed air can be discharged. Therefore, compared with a conventional type of simple compressed air storage container (a container that does not utilize either an isolation membrane or a buffer gas), the amount of compressed air that can be used per unit volume of the compressed air storage container can be roughly doubled. This means that, compared with the case of using a conventional type of simple compressed air storage container, the size and number of compressed air storage containers can be greatly reduced.

[0033] (Power generation device and power generation method) The power generation device of the present invention has a power generation device 54 including the above-mentioned compressed air storage device 50 and a turbine generator. The power generation method of the present invention is a method for generating electricity by supplying the compressed air stored in the compressed air storage device 50 to the turbine generator of the power generation device 54 to rotate the turbine. The power generation method of the present invention can also generate electricity continuously by continuously repeating the above-mentioned steps 1 to 6, preferably as in the following embodiments (a), (b) or (c). Any power generation method selected from the following (a), (b) and (c): (a) A method of storing compressed air during the day by utilizing the surplus power generated by solar power generation, and supplying the compressed air stored in the above-mentioned compressed air storage device to the turbine generator at night to generate electricity. (b) A method of storing compressed air at night by utilizing nighttime electricity, and supplying the compressed air stored in the above-mentioned compressed air storage device to the turbine generator during the day to generate electricity. (c) A method for generating electricity by storing compressed air when surplus power is generated by renewable energy (except solar power generation) that varies in units of hours, and supplying the compressed air stored in the compressed air storage device to a turbine generator when the power generation decreases, thereby alleviating the fluctuation of power generation. The renewable energy power generation that varies in units of hours in the method (c) is, for example, wind power generation that varies due to weather, etc. When the above (a), (b) or (c) is implemented, the stored compressed air is consumed by implementing steps 1 to 6, so the second time of steps 1 to 6 is the next day in (a) or (b), and the next time surplus power is stored in (c).

[0034] use Figure 1 The compressed air storage container 1 (compressed air storage device 50) shown in the figure is used to store and discharge compressed air ( Figure 3 , Figure 4 (a) to (f)). A carbon steel cylindrical container with a diameter of 2 m and a height of 20 m was used as the compressed air storage container 1 for testing. A cylindrical separation membrane 20 having a size similar to the inner size of the cylindrical container 10 was used.

[0035] In step 1( Figure 4 In (a), when the inner space 30 in the compressed air storage container 10 is filled with buffer gas (carbon dioxide gas), the supply of compressed air to the outer space 35 in the compressed air storage container 1 is started from the compressed air supply line 51 and the compressed air supply port 14.

[0036] In step 2 ( Figure 4In (b) and (c), compressed air is continuously supplied to the outer space 35, and at the same time, the buffer gas is discharged from the inner space 30 through the buffer gas discharge port 16 and the buffer gas discharge pipeline 65, and after being cooled and liquefied, it is stored in the storage tank 62. Since the buffer gas is discharged in step 2, the volume of the inner space 30 decreases, and since the compressed air is supplied, the volume of the outer space 35 increases.

[0037] In step 3 ( Figure 4 In (d), when the supply of compressed air to the outer space 35 is stopped and the discharge of the buffer gas from the inner space 30 is stopped, the change in the load applied to the cylindrical separation diaphragm 20 is measured, and the stop time (stop time of the supply of compressed air) is determined based on the change in the load. The stop time is when the load applied to the spring hanger 23 becomes 85 to 95% of the dead weight of the cylindrical separation diaphragm 10. in addition, Figure 4 The volume of the external space 35 in (d) is approximately 90% of the internal volume of the cylindrical container 10 .

[0038] In steps 4 and 5 ( Figure 4 In (e) and (f), when the compressed air is discharged for use, the compressed air is discharged from the compressed air discharge line 53 and supplied to the user (turbine generator) 54 in a state where the outer space 35 of the cylindrical isolation diaphragm 10 in the compressed air storage container 1 is filled with compressed air. The compressed air is discharged from the outer space 35 of the cylindrical isolation diaphragm 20 and continuously supplied to the user 54, and at the same time, the buffer gas stored in the buffer gas storage container 62 is heated and vaporized, and then supplied to the inner space 30 of the cylindrical isolation diaphragm 20.

[0039] In step 6 ( Figure 4In (a), when the supply of buffer gas to the inner space 30 of the cylindrical diaphragm 20 is stopped, and the discharge of compressed air in the outer space 35 of the cylindrical diaphragm 20 and the supply to the user are stopped, the change in the load applied to the cylindrical diaphragm 20 is measured, and the aforementioned stop period (stop period of the supply of buffer gas) is determined according to the change in the load. The load applied to the cylindrical diaphragm 20 changes in association with the air storage volume in the compressed air storage container 1. The change in the air storage volume in the compressed air storage container 1 in step 3 and step 6 can be at least one selected from the discharge volume (time integral value of the flow rate) of the first gas from the outer space 35 or the second gas from the inner space 30, the change in the suspension load applied to the spring hanger 23 suspending the cylindrical diaphragm 20, and the expansion and contraction amount of the spring of the spring hanger 23. The aforementioned stop period is when the load applied to the spring hanger 23 becomes 5 to 15% of the actual dead weight of the cylindrical diaphragm 10. Although the above steps 1 to 6 are performed, by determining the stop period as described above, it is possible to prevent the storage of excessive air and the discharge of excessive buffer gas, so that the movement of the cylindrical separator 20 does not exceed the expected range. Therefore, it is considered that even when the operation is repeated many times during actual use, the cylindrical separator 20 maintains its function for a long time.

[0040] The compressed air storage container of the present invention can significantly reduce the power generation cost of the power generation method using compressed air energy storage by serving as a compressed air storage device including the compressed air storage container. As a result, even in areas such as my country where there is almost no underground space capable of storing a large amount of compressed air, the power generation method using compressed air energy storage technology can be realized at a realistic cost. Description of Reference Numerals

[0041] 1 Compressed air storage container 10 cylindrical containers 20 cylindrical isolation membrane 23 Spring hanger 30 Inner Space 35 Outside Space 50 Compressed air storage device 52 Compressed air supply device 54 Power generation device 60 Buffer gas compressor 61 Heat exchanger for cooling / heating buffer gas 62 Storage container for compressed and cooled liquefied buffer gas.

Claims

1. A compressed air storage container, comprising a cylindrical container placed longitudinally and having both ends blocked, A cylindrical separation membrane is provided inside the cylindrical container whose both ends are closed. The cylindrical container with both ends blocked has a cylindrical side portion, a top portion blocking the upper end of the cylindrical side portion, and a bottom portion blocking the lower end of the cylindrical side portion, the top portion has a supply / discharge port for a first gas, and the bottom portion has a discharge / supply port for a second gas, Regarding the cylindrical separator, The openings on the upper ends are tied together and sealed and are suspended from the top surface of the cylindrical container. The opening portion at the lower end is open to face the bottom surface portion, and the cylindrical separator is fixed in such a manner that the peripheral edge of the lower end opening portion is in close contact with the bottom surface portion or the side surface portion near the bottom surface portion. The inner space surrounded by the inner surface of the cylindrical isolation membrane and the bottom portion of the cylindrical container and the outer space surrounded by the cylindrical container, the outer surface of the cylindrical isolation membrane and the top portion of the cylindrical container are separated in a state in which the movement of gases toward each other is cut off by the cylindrical isolation membrane.

2. The compressed air storage container according to claim 1, wherein: A portion for suspending the cylindrical separation diaphragm from the top surface portion is a spring hanger, and a device capable of measuring a suspension load of the cylindrical separation diaphragm acting on the spring hanger is provided.

3. The compressed air storage container according to claim 1, wherein: The cylindrical isolation membrane is not air-permeable. When it is suspended from the top surface of the cylindrical container with the upper end opening tied together and sealed, it can maintain the peripheral edge of the lower end opening in contact with the bottom surface of the hollow cylindrical container or the side surface near the bottom surface by its own weight and hang down in a skirt-like state, and is tightly attached to the cylindrical container by the fixing device.

4. The compressed air storage container according to claim 1, wherein: The cylindrical separator has a mass per unit area of ​​500 g / m 2 The above-mentioned membrane is composed of a material selected from a membrane composed of a synthetic resin, a rubber coating cloth, and a combination thereof.

5. The compressed air storage container according to claim 1, wherein: The peripheral edge of the lower end opening of the cylindrical separator is fixed to the bottom surface portion or the side surface portion near the bottom surface portion of the hollow cylindrical container by using a continuous or discontinuous annular fixing member.

6. The compressed air storage container according to claim 1, wherein: When the compressed air storage container is used in a compressed air storage device, the first gas is compressed air and the second gas is buffer gas, or the first gas is buffer gas and the second gas is compressed air.

7. A compressed air storage device, comprising the compressed air storage container according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in the compressed air storage device, Regarding the compressed air storage container, When the first gas is compressed air and the second gas is buffer gas, the supply / discharge port on the top face side of the cylindrical container is connected to the supply / discharge pipeline of compressed air, and the discharge / supply port on the bottom face side of the cylindrical container is connected to the discharge / supply pipeline of buffer gas, a compressor of buffer gas, a heat exchanger for cooling / heating buffer gas, and a storage container for compressed and cooled liquefied buffer gas. When the first gas is buffer gas and the second gas is compressed air, the supply / discharge port on the bottom face side of the cylindrical container is connected to the supply / discharge pipeline of the compressed air, and the discharge / supply port on the top face side of the cylindrical container is connected to the discharge / supply pipeline of the buffer gas, the buffer gas compressor, the heat exchanger for cooling / heating the buffer gas, and the storage container for the compressed and cooled liquefied buffer gas.

8. A method for using a compressed air storage device, which is the method for using a compressed air storage device according to claim 7, The method of using the invention is to alternately supply compressed air to the outer space (or inner space) of the cylindrical isolation diaphragm in the compressed air storage container, discharge the buffer gas filled with the inner space (or outer space) of the cylindrical isolation diaphragm in the compressed air storage container, and supply buffer gas to the inner space (or outer space), discharge the compressed air filled with the outer space (or inner space), In the method of use, when the outer space (or inner space) is used as a compressed air supply space and the inner space (or outer space) is used as a buffer gas supply space, the method comprises: Step 1, when storing compressed air, in a state where the inner space (or the outer space) is filled with buffer gas, supply of compressed air is started from a compressed air supply pipeline to the outer space (or the inner space); Step 2, which is to continue to supply compressed air to the outer space (or the inner space), and at the same time discharge the buffer gas from the inner space (or the outer space), and cool and store the discharged buffer gas; Step 3, when the supply of compressed air to the outer space (or the inner space) is stopped and the discharge of buffer gas from the inner space (or the inner space) is stopped, the change of the air storage amount in the compressed air storage container is measured, and the stop period is determined according to the change of the air storage amount; Step 4, when the compressed air is discharged for use, in a state where the outer space (or the inner space) is filled with compressed air, the compressed air is discharged from the compressed air discharge pipeline and supplied to the user; Step 5, which is to discharge the compressed air from the outer space (or the inner space) and continue to supply it to the user, and at the same time, heat / vaporize the buffer gas stored in the storage container of the liquefied buffer gas and then supply it to the inner space (or the outer space); Step 6 is to measure the change of the air storage amount in the compressed air storage container when the supply of buffer gas to the inner space (or outer space) is stopped, the discharge of compressed air in the outer space (or inner space) and the supply to the user are stopped, and the stop period is determined according to the change of the air storage amount.

9. The method for using the compressed air storage device according to claim 8, wherein: The change in the air storage amount in the compressed air storage container in step 3 and step 6 is at least one selected from the discharge amount (time integral value of flow rate) of the first gas from the outer space or the second gas from the inner space, the change in the suspension load applied to the spring hanger suspending the cylindrical isolation diaphragm, and the expansion and contraction amount of the spring of the spring hanger.

10. A power generation device comprising the compressed air storage device according to claim 7 and a turbine generator.

11. A method for generating electricity, comprising: a method for generating electricity using a power generation device using the compressed air storage device according to claim 7 and a turbine generator, The compressed air stored in the compressed air storage device is supplied to the turbine generator to generate electricity.

12. A method of generating electricity using a power generation device having the compressed air storage device according to claim 7 and a turbine generator, which is any one of the following power generation methods: (a) A method of storing compressed air during the day by utilizing surplus power generated by solar power generation, and supplying the compressed air stored in the compressed air storage device to a turbine generator at night to generate electricity; (b) A method of storing compressed air at night by utilizing nighttime electricity, and supplying the compressed air stored in the compressed air storage device to a turbine generator during the daytime to generate electricity; (c) A method for generating electricity by storing compressed air when surplus electricity is generated by renewable energy (except solar power generation) which varies in units of hours, and supplying the compressed air stored in the compressed air storage device to the turbine generator when the amount of electricity generated decreases, thereby alleviating the fluctuation of the amount of electricity generated:

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