Photo-thermal balance dynamic building sunshade system capable of realizing schedule presetting and immediate response and regulation and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a photo-thermal balance dynamic building sunshade system capable of achieving schedule presetting and instant response and a regulation and control method. The system comprises a sunshade component unit, a schedule presetting database and an intelligent control system. The schedule preset database comprises a set of height position sets used for presetting the height position sets of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component in different time periods in all seasons in the whole year under local meteorological parameters; and the intelligent control system returns detection information of the outdoor meteorological parameter sensor and the indoor meteorological parameter sensor of the building to a schedule preset database for identification and comparison, and controls the horizontal dynamic sunshade component to move to the optimal position of indoor photo-thermal balance. According to the building sunshade system, the situation that the influence of one variable of light and heat is ignored due to the fact that the characteristic of the other variable is excessively strengthened can be avoided, and the problem that design performance is repeated and even conflicts due to sub-item independent design can also be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of building technology, and in particular to a light-heat balance dynamic building shading system and a control method capable of realizing schedule preset and instant response. Background Art

[0002] Natural lighting and solar thermal radiation are a set of closely related variables. For hot summers and cold winters, this set of variables presents a contradictory impact on both sides of the same coin. On the one hand, natural lighting can reduce the energy consumption required for artificial lighting and meet the dual needs of physiological and mental health of indoor personnel; on the other hand, excessive introduction of natural lighting will increase the solar radiation heat gain in the room, causing the indoor temperature to rise, which will increase the energy consumption of air conditioning and refrigeration in summer. From the perspective of building light and thermal environment comfort, how to balance the relationship between natural lighting and solar thermal radiation is a key issue for green buildings in hot summers and cold winters to achieve the goals of comfort, energy saving and high efficiency.

[0003] At present, the main way for architectural design to deal with light and heat problems is to design natural lighting and thermal radiation control separately. Taking the Jiangsu Province Green Building Design Standard as an example, it is dealt with in two independent parts: building sunlight and natural lighting design, and building shading design. In terms of natural lighting design, it mainly involves the control of lighting area, room shape scale (depth, width), lighting surface materials (light transmission performance), selection of indoor surface materials (reflectivity) and light guiding measures. In terms of shading design, it mainly involves the control of lighting area and orientation, self-shading of the shape, lighting surface materials and structure (thermal insulation performance), shading components and control schedule. Among them, lighting area control and light transmission material selection put forward control requirements in natural lighting and shading design respectively, and other control regulations respond to single natural lighting design or shading design requirements. However, this single-target special design ignores the systematic nature of the design and the role of the mutual influence between variables on the light-heat coupling problem, which is not conducive to judging the overall law and it is difficult to obtain the global optimal solution.

[0004] On the basis of independent design of each item, in order to deal with the contradictory effects of natural lighting and solar heat radiation in hot summer and cold winter areas, the existing technology mainly adopts two ideas:

[0005] The first is intelligent building shading. The shading components can be dynamically adjusted according to changes in the indoor and outdoor environments to achieve the optimal target performance. For example, the utility model patent with patent number ZL202121777697.5 discloses an intelligent outdoor shading system based on light-thermal coupling comfort. It uses a comprehensive score to judge the comfort of the indoor light and thermal environment and the impact of different blinds on energy consumption, and achieves thermal comfort regulation for indoor personnel through intelligent control of the shading adjustment module. However, this comprehensive evaluation method requires repeated scoring and building performance simulation calculations every time the conditions change, which is not conducive to immediate adjustment and response to various scene changes.

[0006] Second, the control method of light-heat coupling is improved. For example, the invention patent with patent number ZL202110158781.7 discloses a light-heat dynamic balance control method for variable components on the building surface. By determining the light-heat environment description index, parameterized modeling, and hourly simulation throughout the year, the optimal automatic control set of variable component opening states is summarized throughout the year, realizing the joint optimization of the light and thermal environments of variable components on the building surface.

[0007] However, this method still has some problems.

[0008] First, the schedule setting based on simulation can only reflect the overall conditions of the local climate, ignoring the complexity of real weather. Variable components cannot respond accurately to real-time weather changes and room personnel changes.

[0009] Second, there is a lack of evaluation methods to test the light and heat balance control effect achieved by variable components, and the control method lacks consideration of realistic factors such as the performance of building materials and the accuracy of equipment operation;

[0010] Third, specific shading devices such as blinds, roller blinds and their integrated intelligent control methods are out of touch with the architectural design, failing to achieve architect-led scheme deepening and comprehensive optimization of component performance.

[0011] In view of the above existing technologies, it is necessary to make reasonable improvements to the current light-heat balance dynamic building shading to meet the requirements of building environment regulation. Summary of the invention

[0012] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a light-heat balance dynamic building shading system and control method that can realize schedule preset and instant response. The system and method can better realize the technical advantages of global optimal design, quantification, higher energy saving, more efficient calculation and higher intelligence of the building shading system.

[0013] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0014] A light-heat balance dynamic building shading system capable of realizing schedule preset and instant response, comprising a shading component unit, a schedule preset database and an intelligent control system;

[0015] The sunshade component unit is arranged at the semi-outdoor interface and connected to the main structure of the building, forming a component unit integrating building sunshade, heat insulation and indoor lighting adjustment; the sunshade component unit includes a vertical fixed sunshade partition and a horizontal dynamic sunshade component; the vertical fixed sunshade partition is installed between the structures of two adjacent floors; the horizontal dynamic sunshade component is connected to the vertical fixed sunshade partition through a pulley and a fixed bracket, and can move up and down between adjacent vertical fixed sunshade partitions;

[0016] The schedule preset database includes a set of height position collections of horizontal dynamic sunshade components at different time periods in each season throughout the year for presetting local meteorological parameters, and the height position collections are specifically obtained by the following steps:

[0017] S1. Import the building physics model, equate the moving trajectory of the horizontal dynamic shading component in the vertical direction to the horizontal fixed shading component at different heights above the ground, and simulate and calculate the indoor illumination and temperature under the influence of the horizontal fixed shading component at different heights above the ground according to local meteorological parameters hour by hour throughout the year;

[0018] S2. Evaluate the light and thermal environment performance of horizontal fixed sunshade components at different heights above the ground at a specific time i, where the light environment uses indoor illumination as an evaluation index; the thermal environment uses the predicted mean value of thermal comfort PMV and the predicted percentage of dissatisfaction PPD as evaluation indicators;

[0019] S3. Compare the de-dimensionalized results of the light and thermal environment evaluation results of the horizontal fixed sunshade components at different heights from the ground and the difference with the comfort range, and the result is represented by the comprehensive light and thermal environment difference value k of the horizontal fixed sunshade component at time i; the comfortable illumination range of the light environment is 300 to 2000 lux, and the comfortable PMV-PPD range of the thermal environment is -0.5 to +0.5; when the comprehensive light and thermal environment difference value k of the horizontal fixed sunshade component at time i is the smallest, the corresponding height value of the horizontal fixed sunshade component is the height value with the best comprehensive light and thermal environment at a specific time i, and it is considered that the room is in a light and thermal balance state at this time;

[0020] S4, summarizing the optimal height values ​​of the light and heat environment of the horizontal fixed sunshade components at each moment, and the resulting height position collection is the schedule preset database of the horizontal dynamic sunshade components;

[0021] The intelligent control system returns the detection information of the building's outdoor meteorological parameter sensors and indoor meteorological parameter sensors to the schedule preset database for identification and comparison, and controls the horizontal dynamic shading component to move to the optimal position for indoor light and heat balance.

[0022] Calculation of the comprehensive difference value k of the light and heat environment of the horizontal fixed sunshade component at time i

[0023] The formula is as follows:

[0024]

[0025] k=Dz+Dp (3)

[0026] In the formula, z i , p i is the calculated value of the indoor light and heat environment index under the influence of the horizontal fixed shading component at time i;

[0027] dz, dp are the difference between the evaluation results of indoor light and thermal environment indicators and the comfort range under the influence of horizontal fixed shading components at time i;

[0028] Dz, Dp are the dimensionless results of the difference between the indoor light and thermal environment evaluation results and the comfort range under the influence of the horizontal fixed shading components at time i.

[0029] The vertical fixed sunshade partition is provided with a structural layer, an insulation layer and a decorative panel from the inside to the outside, and the insulation layer is used to enhance the thermal insulation performance of the vertical fixed sunshade partition; the board body of the vertical fixed sunshade partition is reserved with side grooves for placing the track side pulleys and the slide rail motor respectively, wherein a motor push head is installed at the lower part of the side groove for placing the slide rail motor, and the motor push head is connected to the horizontal dynamic sunshade component through a fixed bracket; the upper part of the slide rail motor groove is connected to the motor power line, and the motor power line is used to connect the motor with the multi-functional group controllers on each floor.

[0030] A reflective plate is arranged on the upper part of the structural layer of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component, or a reflective material is wrapped on the surface of the structural layer.

[0031] The intelligent control system includes an outdoor meteorological parameter sensor, an indoor meteorological parameter sensor, a storage module, an operation adjustment module and an adjustment mechanism, wherein:

[0032] The outdoor meteorological parameter sensor is used to record hourly microclimate data throughout the year, including black globe temperature, dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, solar radiation intensity and air velocity data;

[0033] The indoor meteorological parameter sensor is used to collect indoor light intensity, black bulb temperature, dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, relative humidity, and air flow rate data;

[0034] The storage module includes a first memory, wherein the first memory stores a plurality of first program codes and stores a schedule preset database;

[0035] The operation adjustment module includes a second memory and a processor, the second memory stores a plurality of second program codes, the second program codes are loaded and run by the processor, and the height position of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component is converted into control information;

[0036] The adjustment mechanism includes a multifunctional group controller and a motor. The monitoring computer controls the multifunctional group controllers on each layer. The multifunctional group controllers are connected to the motors of multiple horizontal dynamic shading components on each layer to drive the horizontal dynamic shading components to move up and down in the vertical direction.

[0037] The present invention further discloses a control method based on the light-heat balance dynamic building shading system capable of realizing schedule preset and instant response, comprising the following formal operation steps:

[0038] A. If no one is using the room or there is no appointment within one hour, the intelligent control system will not be turned on and the horizontal dynamic sunshade components will remain in place;

[0039] B. When the corresponding room is occupied or will be occupied within one hour, and the illumination and temperature of the room meet the comfortable range of light and heat environment without turning on the lamps and air conditioners, the comfortable illumination range of the light environment is 300-2000 lux, and the comfortable temperature range of the heat environment is 18-22°C, the intelligent control system is not turned on, and the horizontal dynamic sunshade component remains in place;

[0040] C. When the corresponding room is occupied or will be occupied within one hour, and the indoor illumination and temperature of the room do not meet the light and heat environment comfort range, turn on the intelligent control system and adjust the horizontal dynamic shading component to the height position corresponding to the season period pre-set in the schedule preset database.

[0041] It also includes an optimization adjustment mode for correcting the height value of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component preset in the schedule preset database, including the following steps:

[0042] D. When someone is using it, it will run in the formal operation mode, i.e., steps A to C;

[0043] E. When no one is using the system, if the optimization adjustment mode is enabled, the intelligent control system is turned on to adjust the horizontal dynamic sunshade component to the height position corresponding to the seasonal period pre-set in the schedule preset database. The height value corresponding to the time i is recorded as l. i , and record the microclimate data Q measured by the indoor meteorological parameter sensor at this time, including the indoor illumination x i With temperature y i ;

[0044] F. If the indoor illumination x i With temperature y i If the light and heat environment comfort range is met, the height position of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component will not be adjusted. i ) is marked as verified;

[0045] G. If the indoor illumination x i With temperature y i If the light and heat environment comfort range is not met, adjust the height of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component to l i+1 , and record the indoor illumination x measured by the indoor meteorological parameter sensor at this time i+1 With temperature y i+1 , and compared with the previous set of data, the calculation formula is as follows:

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] a0, a1 are the lower and upper limits of the indoor light environment comfort range; b0, b1 are the lower and upper limits of the indoor thermal environment comfort range;

[0049] G01: If dx+dy=0, that is, the changed illumination and temperature are within the light and heat environment comfort range, the height position of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component will not be adjusted, and the new height value l of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component at this time will be used. i+1 Replace the horizontal dynamic sunshade component height value l corresponding to the season period in the original schedule preset database i , and marked as verified;

[0050] G02: If dx = 0 and dy < 1; or dy = 0 and dx < 1; or dx, dy are not equal to 0 and dx + dy ≤ 2, then the new indoor illuminance x i+1 , temperature y i+1 , height value of horizontal dynamic shading component l i+1 Replace the original indoor illumination x i , temperature y i , height value of horizontal dynamic shading component l i ; To reduce the error, the horizontal dynamic shading component is called back twice, and the calculation and comparison process of the horizontal dynamic shading component and the recorded data in step G is repeated;

[0051] G03: If dx=0 and dy>1; or dy=0 and dx>1; or dx, dy are not equal to 0 and dx+dy>2, then keep the previous set of data indoor illuminance x i Temperature i and the height value l of the horizontal dynamic shading component i ; To reduce the error, the horizontal dynamic shading component is called back twice, and the calculation and comparison process of the horizontal dynamic shading component and the recorded data in step G is repeated;

[0052] G04: When the height value of a horizontal dynamic sunshade component is l i After three confirmations, dx+dy=0, that is, the indoor illumination and temperature are within the comfortable range of light and heat environment after the change, then it is considered that the height position of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component is optimal at this time, the cycle is terminated, and the value l is used as the value l i It is used as the height value of the horizontal dynamic shading component corresponding to the seasonal period in the schedule preset database and marked as verified.

[0053] During the entire cycle judgment time of step G, if the microclimate data Q measured by the indoor meteorological parameter sensor changes significantly Q′, that is, when the indoor temperature changes by more than 1°C or when the indoor illumination changes from the current value to 1.5 times the current value, then enter the next cycle judgment;

[0054] Each time the height position of the horizontal dynamic shading component is adjusted, keep it unchanged for 5 minutes to ensure stable and accurate data measurement results.

[0055] It also includes performance effect evaluation, which uses the annual effective natural lighting illumination UDI 300-2000 and annual air conditioning energy consumption E t Two indicators test the actual operating effect of horizontal dynamic shading components, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0056]

[0057] E t = Q 制冷负荷 + Q 制热负荷 (7)

[0058] Where, UDI 300-2000 It is the percentage of effective natural lighting illumination when the illumination is between 300-2000 lux;

[0059] t eu The duration of time when the natural lighting illumination at the test point is between 300-2000 lux, h;

[0060] T is the total duration of the year, 8760h;

[0061] E t is the annual air conditioning energy consumption, GJ, which consists of two parts: summer air conditioning cooling load and winter air conditioning heating load;

[0062] The actual operation of the horizontal dynamic shading components is measured for indoor natural lighting illumination throughout the year and the annual air conditioning energy consumption is calculated, and compared with the indoor simulated natural lighting illumination and annual simulated air conditioning energy consumption results of horizontal fixed shading components at different heights above the ground. If:

[0063]

[0064] The effective natural lighting level and actual energy saving effect of the light-heat balance dynamic building shading system are judged to be better. This result can verify the effectiveness of the schedule preset database and further optimize the control process of the formal operation mode;

[0065] Where, UDI 300-2000 ′ is the effective natural lighting illumination throughout the year under the influence of horizontal dynamic shading components;

[0066] To simulate the working conditions, the average annual effective natural lighting illumination of the room under the influence of horizontal fixed sunshade components at different heights above the ground;

[0067] E t ′ is the annual air conditioning energy consumption under the influence of horizontal dynamic shading components;

[0068] To simulate the annual average air conditioning energy consumption under the influence of horizontal fixed sunshade components at different heights above the ground under working conditions;

[0069] The simulated working condition is based on the hourly microclimate data recorded by the outdoor meteorological parameter sensors and the indoor meteorological parameter sensors throughout the year, and simulates the horizontal fixed sunshade components at different heights above the ground.

[0070] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0071] 1. To better achieve the global optimal design of the building shading system, the present invention takes into account the contradictory effects of natural lighting and solar heat radiation, as well as the goals of comfort and energy saving. Compared with the traditional special design with shading or lighting as the single goal, the light-heat balance dynamic building shading system and control method can avoid the problem of over-emphasizing the characteristics of one variable of light and heat while ignoring the influence of the other, and can also avoid the problem of repeated or even conflicting design performance caused by independent design of sub-items.

[0072] 2. More energy-saving, which is reflected in the fact that by dividing the shading component unit into two parts, a vertical fixed shading partition and a horizontal dynamic shading component are formed to form an enclosure structure with a certain spatial depth. It can integrate the shading, heat insulation and lighting at the overall building level to provide a comfortable light and heat environment indoors, thereby reducing equipment energy consumption and achieving energy-saving effects.

[0073] 3. More efficient, as reflected in the setting of the schedule preset database, which pre-sets the height position of the light and heat balance of the horizontal dynamic shading components at different times of the year in different seasons, and converts it into control information. Therefore, when the horizontal dynamic shading components are in operation, it is not necessary to repeat the building performance simulation calculation every time to achieve instant response to weather changes, which can save calculation time and improve response speed.

[0074] 4. More comprehensive quantitative evaluation of light and thermal environment comfort, which is reflected in the use of indoor illuminance as the light environment evaluation index and PMV-PPD as the thermal environment evaluation index to evaluate the light and thermal environment performance of horizontal fixed sunshade components at different heights above the ground at a specific time i, taking into account indoor and outdoor environmental factors and human physiological factors, including illuminance, temperature, humidity, wind speed, radiation, human clothing, and metabolic rate. The comprehensive gap value k of the light and thermal environment directly reflects the deviation between the height of the horizontal fixed sunshade component at a specific time and the ideal light and thermal comfort state indoors, which can simplify the evaluation process, quickly determine the optimal height value of the light and thermal environment, and provide a reference for the optimization and control of the schedule preset database.

[0075] 5. More intelligent, reflected in the instant response and dynamic adjustment of horizontal dynamic shading components. Through the schedule preset database and intelligent control system, a set of automatic operation control process of building horizontal dynamic shading components is established. The height position of horizontal dynamic shading components can be adjusted in real time according to the room usage, personnel changes and real-time measured indoor and outdoor meteorological parameters, so that the room is in a state of light and heat balance.

[0076] 6. The light-heat balance dynamic building shading control method of the present invention can adapt to the weather changes under the local actual measurement rather than the simulated working conditions. It has two modes: formal operation and optimization adjustment, and can continuously optimize the control process according to the performance effect evaluation. When the room is not in use, the optimization adjustment mode can be enabled to automatically correct the height value of the horizontal dynamic shading component in the schedule preset database according to the microclimate data measured in real time by the indoor meteorological parameter sensor to adapt to the weather changes under the local actual measurement rather than the simulated working conditions.

[0077] 7. The present invention is suitable for public buildings that have certain requirements for room light, thermal environment comfort and energy saving, and is also suitable for building spaces with different storey heights and scenes. Different shapes and patterns can be customized according to needs, and it has the characteristics of unified form and beautiful shape. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0078] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of an embodiment of the present invention on the south facade of a building;

[0079] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 a side view of the illustrated embodiment;

[0081] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 a front view of the illustrated embodiment;

[0082] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 a plan view of the illustrated embodiment;

[0083] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent control principle of the light-heat balance dynamic building shading system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0084] Figure 7 This is an operation logic diagram of the light-heat balance dynamic building shading control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0085] Figure 8 The embodiment of the present invention takes a room with a floor height of 4m as an example, and takes the effective natural lighting illumination UDI throughout the year as 300-2000 As an evaluation index, the performance effect evaluation results of horizontal dynamic shading components;

[0086] Fig. 9 The embodiment of the present invention takes a room with a floor height of 4m as an example, and the annual air conditioning energy consumption E t As an evaluation index, the performance effect evaluation results of horizontal dynamic shading components;

[0087] Figure numbers: 1. Motor power cord; 2. Vertical fixed sunshade partition; 3. Reserved side groove; 4. Slide rail motor; 5. Track side pulley; 6. Motor push head; 7. Motor push head fixing bracket; 8. Horizontal dynamic sunshade component; 9. Indoor meteorological parameter sensor; 10. Outdoor meteorological parameter sensor; 11. Adjustment mechanism; 12. Storage module; 13. Operation adjustment module; 14. Monitoring computer; 15. Multi-function group controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0088] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0089] like Figure 1 As shown: the south facade of the whole building is 64.8m long, 14.5m high, and the corridor depth is 2.3m. The sunshade component unit is arranged at the semi-outdoor interface of the south facade of the building and connected to the main structure of the building, forming a component unit integrating building sunshade, heat insulation, and indoor lighting regulation. The sunshade component unit includes a vertical fixed sunshade partition 2 and a horizontal dynamic sunshade component 8, forming a building enclosure structure with a certain spatial depth.

[0090] like Figure 2 to Figure 4 As shown: the vertical fixed sunshade partition 2 is installed between the structures of two adjacent floor slabs, is 900mm wide and 200mm thick, and is the main component for shielding excessive solar radiation; the horizontal dynamic sunshade component 8 is 900mm wide and 150mm thick, and is connected to the vertical fixed sunshade partition 2 through the pulleys 5 on both sides of the track and the motor push head fixed bracket 7, and can move up and down between adjacent vertical fixed sunshade partitions.

[0091] Among them, the pulley 5 is connected to the slide rail motor 4, and the action of the motor push head 6 is controlled by the intelligent control system, thereby driving the pulley 5 to move to adjust the height position of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component 8.

[0092] like Figure 5 As shown: the vertical fixed sunshade partition 2 is provided with a structural layer, a thermal insulation layer and a finishing layer from the inside to the outside. In this embodiment, the thermal insulation layer is filled with 50 mm thick thermal insulation cotton to enhance the thermal insulation performance of the vertical fixed sunshade partition. The board body is reserved with side grooves 3, which are used to place the slide motor 4 and the track side pulley 5 respectively.

[0093] Among them, a motor push head 6 is installed at the lower part of the slide rail motor slot, and the motor push head is connected to the horizontal dynamic sunshade component 8 through a fixed bracket 7; the motor power line 1 is connected to the upper part of the slide rail motor slot, connecting the slide rail motor 4 with the multi-functional group controller 15 of each layer.

[0094] In this embodiment, the horizontal dynamic sunshade component 8 is made of galvanized steel pipe wrapped with 3mm thick aluminum plate to reduce its own weight, and the white smooth aluminum surface is used as a reflective material to help adjust the indoor lighting of the building. The horizontal dynamic sunshade component 8 is adjusted according to the environmental microclimate data measured by the indoor meteorological parameter sensor 9 and the outdoor meteorological parameter sensor 10, and moves up and down in the vertical direction to control the depth of natural light entering the room, thereby improving the indoor light and thermal environment comfort.

[0095] like Figure 6 As shown: The present invention provides a light-heat balance dynamic building shading system capable of realizing schedule preset and instant response, including a shading component unit, a schedule preset database and an intelligent control system;

[0096] Among them, the wind, light and rain meteorological station is installed on the roof as an outdoor meteorological parameter sensor 10, which records the hourly microclimate data throughout the year, including black ball temperature, dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, solar radiation intensity, and air flow rate data; the rooms on each floor of the building that require light and heat control are equipped with indoor meteorological parameter sensors 9 for collecting indoor light intensity, black ball temperature, dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, relative humidity, and air flow rate data.

[0097] The adjusting mechanism 11 includes a multifunctional group controller 15 and a slide rail motor 4. The monitoring computer 14 controls the multifunctional group controller 15 on each layer. The group controller is connected to the slide rail motor 4 of multiple horizontal dynamic shading components on each layer, driving the horizontal dynamic shading components to move up and down in the vertical direction.

[0098] The storage module 12 includes a memory, and is characterized in that it stores a schedule preset database. The schedule preset database is recorded in a monitoring computer 14 through the storage module, and the monitoring computer is connected to an intelligent control system, and the intelligent control system controls the height position of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component through the operation adjustment module 13.

[0099] The operation and adjustment module 13 includes a memory and a processor. The stored program code is suitable for the processor to load and run the light-heat balance dynamic building shading control method, and convert the height position of the horizontal dynamic shading component into control information.

[0100] In this embodiment, the process of establishing the schedule preset database is as follows:

[0101] S1. Import the building physics model, equate the vertical movement trajectory of the horizontal dynamic shading components to horizontal fixed shading components at different heights above the ground, and simulate and calculate the indoor illumination and temperature under the influence of horizontal fixed shading components at different heights above the ground hourly throughout the year according to local meteorological parameters.

[0102] The simulation was conducted using Energyplus. The window area and materials were based on the design settings. When calculating the illumination, the indoor work surface elevation was set to a 300*300mm grid, and the room usage schedule was calculated based on full-time usage. Taking a 4m-high room as an example, the height of the horizontal fixed shading components was set at a spacing of 150mm, and the indoor hourly illumination and temperature throughout the year under the influence of horizontal fixed shading components at different heights were calculated.

[0103] S2. Evaluate the light and thermal environment performance of horizontal fixed sunshade components at different heights above the ground at a specific time i. The light environment uses indoor illumination as the evaluation index; the thermal environment uses the predicted mean value of thermal comfort PMV and the predicted percentage of dissatisfaction PPD as the evaluation index. The index calculation formula is as follows:

[0104]

[0105] PPD=100-95exp[-(0.03353PMV 4 +0.2179PMV 2 )] (11)

[0106] Where, M is the energy metabolism rate of the human body, W / ㎡;

[0107] W is the mechanical work done by the human body, W / ㎡;

[0108] P a is the partial pressure of water vapor in moist air, kPa;

[0109] t a is the air dry bulb temperature, °C;

[0110] f cl is the clothing area coefficient;

[0111] is the average temperature of the outer surface of the wearing body, ℃;

[0112] is the average radiation temperature of the environment, °C;

[0113] h c is the air convection heat transfer coefficient, W / (㎡·K);

[0114] S3. Compare the de-dimensionalized results of the light and thermal environment evaluation results of horizontal fixed sunshade components at different heights from the ground and the difference with the comfort range. The result is represented by the comprehensive light and thermal environment difference value k of the horizontal fixed sunshade component at time i; the comfortable illumination range of the light environment is 300~2000lux, and the comfortable PMV-PPD range of the thermal environment is -0.5~+0.5; when the comprehensive light and thermal environment difference value k of the horizontal fixed sunshade component at time i is the smallest, the corresponding height value of the horizontal fixed sunshade component is the height value with the best comprehensive light and thermal environment at the specific time i, and it is considered that the room is in a state of light and thermal balance.

[0115] Table 1 is an embodiment of the present invention, taking a room with a floor height of 4m as an example, comparing the optimal height values ​​of the light and heat environment of horizontal fixed sunshade components at different heights above the ground at specific moments.

[0116]

[0117]

[0118] Taking the 4m-high room in the building as an example, the height value of the horizontal fixed sunshade component with the best comprehensive light and heat environment at 13:00 on July 22, the day of the Great Heat, was determined. The evaluation index of light and heat environment comfort is calculated based on the local summer meteorological parameters and the clothing of indoor personnel. By comparing the de-dimensionalized results of the light and heat environment evaluation results and the comfort range gap of the horizontal fixed sunshade components at different heights above the ground, it can be judged that when the height value of the horizontal fixed sunshade component is 1900mm, the comprehensive light and heat environment gap value k is the smallest. At this time, the light and heat environment is optimal and the room is in a light and heat balance state.

[0119] S4. Summarize the optimal height values ​​of the light and heat environment of the horizontal fixed shading components at each moment, and the resulting height position collection is the schedule preset database of the horizontal dynamic shading components.

[0120] Table 2 is a schedule preset database of horizontal dynamic shading components, taking a room with a floor height of 4m as an example in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0121]

[0122] like Figure 7 Shown: A light-heat balance dynamic building shading control method that can achieve schedule preset and instant response, including a formal operation mode, an optimization adjustment mode and a performance effect evaluation.

[0123] The formal operation mode of this embodiment is set as follows:

[0124] A. If no one is using the room or there is no appointment within one hour, the intelligent control system will not be turned on and the horizontal dynamic sunshade components will remain in place;

[0125] B. When the corresponding room is occupied or will be occupied within one hour, and the illumination and temperature of the room meet the comfortable range of light and heat environment without turning on the lamps and air conditioners, the comfortable illumination range of the light environment is 300-2000 lux, and the comfortable temperature range of the heat environment is 18-22°C, the intelligent control system is not turned on, and the horizontal dynamic sunshade component remains in place;

[0126] C. When the corresponding room is occupied or will be occupied within one hour, and the indoor illumination and temperature of the room do not meet the light and heat environment comfort range, turn on the intelligent control system and adjust the horizontal dynamic shading component to the height position corresponding to the season period pre-set in the schedule preset database.

[0127] The optimization adjustment mode of this embodiment is used to correct the height value of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component preset in the schedule preset database, and includes the following steps:

[0128] D. When someone is using it, it will run in the formal operation mode, i.e., steps A to C;

[0129] E. When no one is using the system, if the optimization adjustment mode is enabled, the intelligent control system is turned on to adjust the horizontal dynamic sunshade component to the height position corresponding to the seasonal period pre-set in the schedule preset database. The height value corresponding to the time i is recorded as l. i , and record the microclimate data Q measured by the indoor meteorological parameter sensor at this time, including the indoor illumination x i With temperature y i ;

[0130] F. If the indoor illumination x i With temperature y i If the light and heat environment comfort range is met, the height position of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component will not be adjusted. i ) is marked as verified;

[0131] G. If the indoor illumination x i With temperature y i If the light and heat environment comfort range is not met, adjust the height of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component to l i+1 , and record the indoor illumination x measured by the indoor meteorological parameter sensor at this time i+1 With temperature y i+1 , and compared with the previous set of data, the calculation formula is as follows:

[0132]

[0133] Among them, 300lux and 2000lux are the lower and upper limits of the comfortable range of indoor light environment; 18℃ and 22℃ are the lower and upper limits of the comfortable range of indoor thermal environment.

[0134] G01: If dx+dy=0, that is, the changed illumination and temperature are within the light and heat environment comfort range, the height position of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component will not be adjusted, and the new height value l of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component at this time will be used. i+1 Replace the horizontal dynamic sunshade component height value l corresponding to the season period in the original schedule preset database i , and marked as verified;

[0135] G02: If dx = 0 and dy < 1; or dy = 0 and dx < 1; or dx, dy are not equal to 0 and dx + dy ≤ 2, then the new indoor illuminance x i+1 , temperature y i+1 , height value of horizontal dynamic shading component l i+1 Replace the original indoor illumination x i , temperature y i , height value of horizontal dynamic shading component l i To reduce the error, the horizontal dynamic sunshade component is called back twice, and the calculation and comparison process of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component and the recorded data in step G is repeated;

[0136] G03: If dx=0 and dy>1; or dy=0 and dx>1; or dx, dy are not equal to 0 and dx+dy>2, then keep the previous set of data indoor illuminance x i Temperature i and the height value l of the horizontal dynamic shading component i To reduce the error, the horizontal dynamic sunshade component is called back twice, and the calculation and comparison process of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component and the recorded data in step G is repeated;

[0137] G04: When the height value of a horizontal dynamic sunshade component is l i After three confirmations, if dx+dy=0, that is, the indoor illumination and temperature are within the comfortable range of light and heat environment after the change, the height position of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component is considered to be optimal, the cycle is terminated, and the value l is used as the value l i It is used as the height value of the horizontal dynamic shading component corresponding to the seasonal period in the schedule preset database and marked as verified.

[0138] During the entire cycle judgment time of step G, if the microclimate data Q measured by the indoor meteorological parameter sensor changes significantly Q′, that is, when the indoor temperature changes by more than 1°C or when the indoor illumination changes from the current value to 1.5 times the current value, then enter the next cycle judgment;

[0139] Each time the height position of the horizontal dynamic shading component is adjusted, keep it unchanged for 5 minutes to ensure stable and accurate data measurement results.

[0140] In this embodiment, the performance effect is evaluated based on the annual effective natural lighting illumination UDI 300-2000 and annual air conditioning energy consumption E t The two indicators test the actual operation effect of the horizontal dynamic shading components, and compare them with the indoor annual simulated natural lighting illumination and annual simulated air conditioning energy consumption results of horizontal fixed shading components at different heights above the ground. The results show that compared with horizontal fixed shading components at different heights above the ground, the light-heat balance dynamic building shading system can provide better lighting effects indoors while ensuring overall energy saving.

[0141] like Figure 8-Figure 9 As shown: Taking a room with a floor height of 4m in this building as an example, the indoor effective natural lighting illumination UDI throughout the year under the influence of horizontal dynamic shading components 300-2000 ′ is higher than the average annual effective natural lighting illumination of the room under the influence of horizontal fixed sunshade components at different heights above the ground under simulated working conditions Annual air conditioning energy consumption E under the influence of horizontal dynamic shading components t ′ is lower than the average annual air conditioning energy consumption under the influence of horizontal fixed sunshade components at different heights above the ground under simulated working conditions It can be judged that the effective natural lighting level and actual energy saving effect of the light-heat balance dynamic building shading system are better.

Claims

1. A light-heat balance dynamic building shading system that can realize schedule preset and instant response, characterized in that: It includes a sunshade component unit, a schedule preset database and an intelligent control system; The sunshade component unit is arranged at the semi-outdoor interface and connected to the main structure of the building, forming a component unit integrating building sunshade, heat insulation and indoor lighting adjustment; the sunshade component unit includes a vertical fixed sunshade partition and a horizontal dynamic sunshade component; the vertical fixed sunshade partition is installed between the structures of two adjacent floors; the horizontal dynamic sunshade component is connected to the vertical fixed sunshade partition through a pulley and a fixed bracket, and can move up and down between adjacent vertical fixed sunshade partitions; The schedule preset database includes a set of height position collections of horizontal dynamic sunshade components at different time periods in each season throughout the year for presetting local meteorological parameters, and the height position collections are specifically obtained by the following steps: S1. Import the building physics model, equate the moving trajectory of the horizontal dynamic shading component in the vertical direction to the horizontal fixed shading component at different heights above the ground, and simulate and calculate the indoor illumination and temperature under the influence of the horizontal fixed shading component at different heights above the ground according to local meteorological parameters hour by hour throughout the year; S2. Evaluate the light and thermal environment performance of horizontal fixed sunshade components at different heights above the ground at a specific time i, where the light environment uses indoor illumination as an evaluation index; the thermal environment uses the predicted mean value of thermal comfort PMV and the predicted percentage of dissatisfaction PPD as evaluation indicators; S3. Compare the de-dimensionalized results of the light and thermal environment evaluation results of the horizontal fixed sunshade components at different heights from the ground and the difference with the comfort range, and the result is represented by the comprehensive light and thermal environment difference value k of the horizontal fixed sunshade component at time i; the comfortable illumination range of the light environment is 300 to 2000 lux, and the comfortable PMV-PPD range of the thermal environment is -0.5 to +0.5; when the comprehensive light and thermal environment difference value k of the horizontal fixed sunshade component at time i is the smallest, the corresponding height value of the horizontal fixed sunshade component is the height value with the best comprehensive light and thermal environment at a specific time i, and it is considered that the room is in a light and thermal balance state at this time; S4, summarizing the optimal height values ​​of the light and heat environment of the horizontal fixed sunshade components at each moment, and the resulting height position collection is the schedule preset database of the horizontal dynamic sunshade components; The intelligent control system returns the detection information of the building's outdoor meteorological parameter sensors and indoor meteorological parameter sensors to the schedule preset database for identification and comparison, and controls the horizontal dynamic shading component to move to the optimal position for indoor light and heat balance.

2. The light-heat balance dynamic building shading system capable of realizing schedule preset and instant response according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The calculation formula of the comprehensive difference value k of the light and heat environment of the horizontal fixed sunshade component at time i is as follows: k=Dz+Dp (3) In the formula, z i , p i is the calculated value of the indoor light and heat environment index under the influence of the horizontal fixed shading component at time i; dz, dp are the difference between the evaluation results of indoor light and thermal environment indicators and the comfort range under the influence of horizontal fixed shading components at time i; Dz, Dp are the dimensionless results of the difference between the indoor light and thermal environment evaluation results and the comfort range under the influence of the horizontal fixed shading components at time i.

3. The light-heat balance dynamic building shading system capable of realizing schedule preset and instant response according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vertical fixed sunshade partition is provided with a structural layer, an insulation layer and a decorative panel from the inside to the outside, and the insulation layer is used to enhance the thermal insulation performance of the vertical fixed sunshade partition; the board body of the vertical fixed sunshade partition is reserved with side grooves for placing the track side pulleys and the slide rail motor respectively, wherein a motor push head is installed at the lower part of the side groove for placing the slide rail motor, and the motor push head is connected to the horizontal dynamic sunshade component through a fixed bracket; the upper part of the slide rail motor groove is connected to the motor power line, and the motor power line is used to connect the motor with the multi-functional group controllers on each floor.

4. The light-heat balance dynamic building shading system capable of realizing schedule preset and instant response according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A reflective plate is arranged on the upper part of the structural layer of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component, or a reflective material is wrapped on the surface of the structural layer.

5. The light-heat balance dynamic building shading system capable of realizing schedule preset and instant response according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The intelligent control system includes an outdoor meteorological parameter sensor, an indoor meteorological parameter sensor, a storage module, an operation adjustment module and an adjustment mechanism, wherein: The outdoor meteorological parameter sensor is used to record hourly microclimate data throughout the year, including black globe temperature, dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, solar radiation intensity and air velocity data; The indoor meteorological parameter sensor is used to collect indoor light intensity, black bulb temperature, dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, relative humidity, and air flow rate data; The storage module includes a first memory, wherein the first memory stores a plurality of first program codes and stores a schedule preset database; The operation adjustment module includes a second memory and a processor, the second memory stores a plurality of second program codes, the second program codes are loaded and run by the processor, and the height position of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component is converted into control information; The adjustment mechanism includes a multifunctional group controller and a motor. The monitoring computer controls the multifunctional group controllers on each layer. The multifunctional group controllers are connected to the motors of multiple horizontal dynamic shading components on each layer to drive the horizontal dynamic shading components to move up and down in the vertical direction.

6. A control method for a light-heat balance dynamic building shading system capable of realizing schedule preset and instant response based on any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The formal operation steps include the following: A. If no one is using the room or there is no appointment within one hour, the intelligent control system will not be turned on and the horizontal dynamic sunshade components will remain in place; B. When the corresponding room is occupied or will be occupied within one hour, and the illumination and temperature of the room meet the comfortable range of light and heat environment without turning on the lamps and air conditioners, the comfortable illumination range of the light environment is 300-2000 lux, and the comfortable temperature range of the heat environment is 18-22°C, the intelligent control system is not turned on, and the horizontal dynamic sunshade component remains in place; C. When the corresponding room is occupied or will be occupied within one hour, and the indoor illumination and temperature of the room do not meet the light and heat environment comfort range, turn on the intelligent control system and adjust the horizontal dynamic shading component to the height position corresponding to the season period pre-set in the schedule preset database.

7. The control method of the light-heat balance dynamic building shading system capable of realizing schedule preset and instant response according to claim 6 is characterized in that: It also includes an optimization adjustment mode for correcting the height value of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component preset in the schedule preset database, including the following steps: D. When someone is using it, it will run in the formal operation mode, i.e., steps A to C; E. When no one is using the system, if the optimization adjustment mode is enabled, the intelligent control system is turned on to adjust the horizontal dynamic sunshade component to the height position corresponding to the seasonal period pre-set in the schedule preset database. The height value corresponding to the time i is recorded as l. i , and record the microclimate data Q measured by the indoor meteorological parameter sensor at this time, including the indoor illumination x i With temperature y i ; F. If the indoor illumination is x i With temperature y i If the light and heat environment comfort range is met, the height position of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component will not be adjusted. i ) is marked as verified; G. If the indoor illumination x i With temperature y i If the light and heat environment comfort range is not met, adjust the height of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component to l i+1 , and record the indoor illumination x measured by the indoor meteorological parameter sensor at this time i+1 With temperature y i+1 , and compared with the previous set of data, the calculation formula is as follows: a0, a1 are the lower and upper limits of the indoor light environment comfort range; b0, b1 are the lower and upper limits of the indoor thermal environment comfort range; G01: If dx+dy=0, that is, the changed illumination and temperature are within the light and heat environment comfort range, the height position of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component will not be adjusted, and the new height value l of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component at this time will be used. i+1 Replace the horizontal dynamic sunshade component height value l corresponding to the season period in the original schedule preset database i , and marked as verified; G02: If dx = 0 and dy < 1; or dy = 0 and dx < 1; or dx, dy are not equal to 0 and dx + dy ≤ 2, then the new indoor illuminance x i+1 , temperature y i+1 , height value of horizontal dynamic shading component l i+1 Replace the original indoor illumination x i , temperature y i , height value of horizontal dynamic shading component l i ; To reduce the error, the horizontal dynamic shading component is called back twice, and the calculation and comparison process of the horizontal dynamic shading component and the recorded data in step G is repeated; G03: If dx=0 and dy>1; or dy=0 and dx>1; or dx, dy are not equal to 0 and dx+dy>2, then keep the previous set of data indoor illuminance x i Temperature i and the height value l of the horizontal dynamic shading component i ; To reduce the error, the horizontal dynamic shading component is called back twice, and the calculation and comparison process of the horizontal dynamic shading component and the recorded data in step G is repeated; G04: When the height value of a horizontal dynamic sunshade component is l i After three confirmations, dx+dy=0, that is, the indoor illumination and temperature are within the comfortable range of light and heat environment after the change, then it is considered that the height position of the horizontal dynamic sunshade component is optimal at this time, the cycle is terminated, and the value l is used as the value l i It is used as the height value of the horizontal dynamic shading component corresponding to the seasonal period in the schedule preset database and marked as verified.

8. The control method of the light-heat balance dynamic building shading system capable of realizing schedule preset and instant response according to claim 7 is characterized in that: During the entire cycle judgment time of step G, if the microclimate data Q measured by the indoor meteorological parameter sensor changes significantly Q′, that is, when the indoor temperature changes by more than 1°C or when the indoor illumination changes from the current value to 1.5 times the current value, then enter the next cycle judgment; Each time the height position of the horizontal dynamic shading component is adjusted, keep it unchanged for 5 minutes to ensure stable and accurate data measurement results.

9. The control method of the light-heat balance dynamic building shading system capable of realizing schedule preset and instant response according to claim 6 is characterized in that: It also includes performance effect evaluation, which uses the annual effective natural lighting illumination UDI 300-2000 and annual air conditioning energy consumption E t Two indicators test the actual operating effect of horizontal dynamic shading components, and the calculation formula is as follows: E t = Q 制冷负荷 + Q 制热负荷 (7) Where, UDI 300-2000 It is the percentage of effective natural lighting illumination when the illumination is between 300-2000 lux; t eu The duration of time when the natural lighting illumination at the test point is between 300-2000 lux, h; T is the total duration of the year, 8760h; E t is the annual air conditioning energy consumption, GJ, which consists of two parts: summer air conditioning cooling load and winter air conditioning heating load; The actual operation of the horizontal dynamic shading components is measured for indoor natural lighting illumination throughout the year and the annual air conditioning energy consumption is calculated, and compared with the indoor simulated natural lighting illumination and annual simulated air conditioning energy consumption results of horizontal fixed shading components at different heights above the ground. If: The effective natural lighting level and actual energy saving effect of the light-heat balance dynamic building shading system are judged to be better. This result can verify the effectiveness of the schedule preset database and further optimize the control process of the formal operation mode; Where, UDI 300-2000 ′ is the effective natural lighting illumination throughout the year under the influence of horizontal dynamic shading components; To simulate the working conditions, the average annual effective natural lighting illumination of the room under the influence of horizontal fixed sunshade components at different heights above the ground; E t ′ is the annual air conditioning energy consumption under the influence of horizontal dynamic shading components; To simulate the annual average air conditioning energy consumption under the influence of horizontal fixed sunshade components at different heights above the ground under working conditions; The simulated working condition is based on the hourly microclimate data recorded by the outdoor meteorological parameter sensors and the indoor meteorological parameter sensors throughout the year, and simulates the horizontal fixed sunshade components at different heights above the ground.

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