Connector, communication system and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a connector, a communication system and a vehicle. The connector comprises a photoelectric conversion unit, a converging lens and a first beam expanding unit. Wherein the converging lens is arranged between the photoelectric conversion unit and the first beam expanding unit, and the photoelectric conversion unit is used for realizing conversion between an optical signal and a first electric signal; the converging lens is used for obtaining parallel light signals; and the first beam expanding unit is used for obtaining the optical signal after the optical power is increased. Thus, the first beam expanding unit can perform spot expanding on the optical signal, increase the coupling efficiency, reduce the coupling precision requirement, effectively suppress the influence of connector shaft center drift on optical signal coupling in a vehicle-mounted vibration environment, and further realize large-bandwidth communication of the optical signal in the vehicle-mounted environment.

Description

Connector, communication system and vehicle Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and more particularly, to a connector, a communication system, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Automotive intelligence is a key trend in current automotive development. The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) categorizes autonomous driving technology into six levels, from L0 to L5. From L2 assisted driving to L5 autonomous driving, vehicles require an increasing number of sensors to perceive and identify their surroundings, enabling path planning and vehicle control. The data collected by these sensors must be transmitted to the appropriate processors to perform the corresponding autonomous driving tasks. As the size of the data transmitted backhaul increases, the bandwidth requirements also increase.

[0003] Currently, the transmission interface for in-vehicle cameras primarily uses coaxial cables, which have a maximum transmission bandwidth of 10Gbps. To support higher transmission rates, multiple cables can be used, and the transmission and shielding characteristics of individual cables can be improved. However, this approach increases the cost of vehicle deployment and the vehicle's overall weight, impacting the range of new energy vehicles and the fuel consumption per 100 kilometers of conventional gasoline vehicles.

[0004] Therefore, with the demand for high-speed transmission of in-vehicle data, especially data transmission rates above 10Gbps, the advantages of optical transmission are gradually emerging. Fiber optic communication technology is widely used in the field of data communication due to its advantages such as large communication capacity, long transmission distance, anti-electromagnetic interference and light weight. At present, the application of in-vehicle optical communication is limited to entertainment information systems. For example, the media oriented system transport (MOST) bus is only used for real-time transmission of video and audio, and the maximum bandwidth is only 150Mbps. In addition, since the MOST bus is mainly used in entertainment information systems, the current MOST bus design, especially the optical transmission connection design, does not have such high requirements for dustproof, waterproof and vibration resistance of the vehicle, and cannot adapt to the high-bandwidth communication requirements brought about by future autonomous driving.

[0005] Therefore, how to design an in-vehicle connector that meets the requirements of high-bandwidth communication is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present application provides a connector, a communication system, and a vehicle that can adapt to the high-bandwidth communication requirements in autonomous driving and meet the vehicle-mounted dustproof, waterproof, and high vibration resistance requirements.

[0008] In a first aspect, a connector is provided, which includes a photoelectric conversion unit, a converging lens and a first beam expansion unit, wherein the converging lens is arranged between the photoelectric conversion unit and the first beam expansion unit, the photoelectric conversion unit is used to realize the conversion between the optical signal and the first electrical signal; the converging lens is used to obtain a parallel optical signal; and the first beam expansion unit is used to obtain an optical signal with increased optical power.

[0009] It should be understood that the first beam expanding unit can be a first beam expanding lens, which can increase the optical power of the optical signal by refracting the optical signal through the first beam expanding lens, or the first beam expanding unit can also be a first beam expanding optical fiber tube, which can increase the optical power of the optical signal by reflecting the optical signal through the optical fiber tube.

[0010] In the present application, the photoelectric conversion unit is built into the connector, and the optical signal is transmitted between the photoelectric conversion unit, the converging lens, and the first beam expansion unit. For uplink optical signal transmission, the optical signal converted by the photoelectric conversion unit is outputted through the converging lens and the first beam expansion unit in sequence, thereby achieving the expansion of the optical signal of the photoelectric conversion unit by the first beam expansion unit, increasing the coupling efficiency, reducing the coupling precision requirement, and effectively suppressing the influence of the connector axis center drift on the optical signal coupling in the vehicle-mounted vibration environment, thereby achieving high-bandwidth communication of optical signals in the vehicle-mounted environment. For downlink optical signal transmission, the optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber is transmitted to the photoelectric conversion unit through the first beam expansion unit and the converging lens, which can effectively increase the optical power of the optical signal with optical transmission loss, increase the coupling efficiency, reduce the coupling precision requirement, and effectively suppress the influence of the connector axis center drift on the optical signal coupling in the vehicle-mounted vibration environment, thereby achieving high-bandwidth communication of optical signals in the vehicle-mounted environment. For example, current connectors experience optical signal transmission losses of 5dB to 6dB per port. However, the coupling structure of the optoelectronic conversion unit, convergent lens, and first beam expansion unit in the connectors of the present application reduces optical signal transmission losses to less than 2.5dB per port. Furthermore, the use of the first beam expansion lens coupling approach enhances the feasibility of large-scale connector manufacturing.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the connector further includes a light guiding unit disposed between the converging lens and the first beam expanding unit, and the light guiding unit is used to transmit the optical signal between the converging lens and the first beam expanding unit.

[0012] In this application, the light guide unit is positioned between the converging lens and the first beam expansion unit. This structurally reduces the processing cost of the first beam expansion unit, as longer first beam expansion units have higher processing costs. The light guide unit increases the transmission length of the optical signal between the converging lens and the first beam expansion unit, which can increase the length of the connecting unit that secures the first beam expansion unit, thereby reducing the processing difficulty of the connecting unit. Functionally, the connection between the light guide unit and the first beam expansion unit can further expand the optical signal spot, thereby further increasing coupling efficiency and reducing coupling precision requirements.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the connector further includes a first optical component connecting unit, a first fixing unit, and a second fixing unit, wherein the first optical component connecting unit is used to nest the first beam expansion unit and the light guide unit, and the first fixing unit is used to fix the photoelectric conversion unit and the converging lens; the second fixing unit is used to nest the photoelectric conversion unit, the first fixing unit, and the second fixing unit.

[0014] In the present application, the photoelectric conversion unit is built into the connector, and the photoelectric conversion unit, the converging lens, the light guide unit and the first beam expansion unit are fixed together through the connecting unit and the fixing unit to form an integrated design with a simple connection structure.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the converging lens is a ball lens 15, the first beam expanding unit is a first beam expanding lens 18, the first optical component connecting unit is a first conduit 17, the first fixing unit is an inner flange ring 14, and the second fixing unit is an outer flange ring 110, wherein the light guiding unit and the first beam expanding lens 18 are fixedly connected and embedded in the inner cavity 171 of the first conduit 17; the first end 142 of the inner flange ring 14 is embedded in the ball lens 15, and the second end 141 of the inner flange ring 14 is fixedly connected to the photoelectric conversion unit; the first end 1101 of the outer flange ring 110 is nested in the photoelectric conversion unit and the second end 141 of the inner flange ring 14, and the nested second end 1102 of the outer flange ring 110 is nested in the first end 172 of the first conduit 17.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the inner diameter of the first end 142 of the inner flange ring 14 matches the diameter of the ball lens 15 , and the inner diameter of the second end 1102 of the outer flange ring 110 matches the outer diameter of the first end 142 of the inner flange ring 14 .

[0017] As a possible implementation method, the tolerance of the inner diameter of the first end 142 of the inner flange ring 14 and the diameter of the spherical lens 15 meets the protection level IP67 standard, and the tolerance of the inner diameter of the second end 1102 of the outer flange ring 110 and the outer diameter of the first end 142 of the inner flange ring 14 meets the protection level IP67 standard.

[0018] In the present application, the fixing part tightly connects the converging lens, the light guide unit and the first beam expansion unit together, which can effectively play a role in dust and water proofing, thereby preventing dust and moisture from entering the inner cavity of the optical fiber and the connector, supporting the dust and water proofing level (ingress protection, IP) IP67, and effectively improving the protection level.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the connector also includes a first clip 12 and a first shell 19, wherein the first clip 12 is used to fix the photoelectric conversion unit, the first fixing unit, the second fixing unit, the converging lens and the first optical component connection unit in the first shell 19.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first clip 12 is provided with a first baffle 121 and a fixed slot 124, and the first shell 19 is provided with an internal lock 192, wherein the fixed slot 124 and the internal lock 192 are engaged and connected, and through the first baffle 121, the photoelectric conversion unit, the first fixing unit, the second fixing unit, the converging lens and the first optical component connection unit are constrained and fixed in the first shell 19 along the first direction.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first buckle 12 is provided with a first locking tongue 123 and a second baffle 122, and the first shell 19 is provided with a positioning card hole 193, wherein the first locking tongue 123 and the positioning card hole 193 are engaged and connected, and through the second baffle 122, the photoelectric conversion unit, the first fixing unit, the second fixing unit, the converging lens and the conduit 17 are constrained and fixed in the first shell 19 along the second direction, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0022] In the present application, a first clip is used to fix a whole formed by a photoelectric conversion unit, a first fixing unit, a second fixing unit, a converging lens and a first optical component connection unit on a first shell. In a vehicle-mounted vibration environment, not only can the deviation caused by the vibration in the second direction be suppressed, for example, the deviation caused by the vibration in the direction of vehicle travel can be suppressed, but also the deviation caused by the vibration in the first direction can be suppressed, for example, the deviation caused by the vibration in the direction perpendicular to the earth can be suppressed.

[0023] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the connector also includes a metal shielding cover 11, the metal shielding cover 11 is provided with a first lock hole 111, and the first shell 19 is provided with a second lock tongue 194, wherein the metal shielding cover 11 is fixed to the first shell 19 by snapping the first lock hole 111 and the second lock tongue 194 together.

[0024] In the present application, by installing a metal shielding cover outside the first shell of the connector, external electromagnetic interference can be shielded to ensure photoelectric transmission.

[0025] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first shell 19 is fixed with an electrical interface pin 196 and a positioning pin 195, wherein the electrical interface pin 196 is used to transmit a second electrical signal between an external device and a printed circuit board; and the positioning pin 195 is used to determine the position between the first shell 19 and the PCB.

[0026] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the photoelectric conversion unit is provided with a first metal pin, wherein the first metal pin is used to transmit a second electrical signal between the photoelectric conversion unit and the printed circuit board, and the photoelectric conversion unit is used to convert the second electrical signal into the optical signal.

[0027] In this application, the connector integrates the photoelectric conversion unit, the converging lens, and the first beam expansion unit, and the conductive unit interface is built into the first housing of the connector, achieving an integrated design of the connector's electrical interface access and optical output. This reduces the design difficulty of the optoelectronic hybrid connector for in-vehicle applications, improves the connector's maintainability, and provides stable and reliable connection in complex automotive environments. At the same time, the connector's miniaturization and simplicity effectively saves space for on-board ECU components.

[0028] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the positioning pin 195 is made of an insulating material, and the electrical interface pin 196 is made of a conductive material.

[0029] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the connector includes, for example, a second shell 22, the first shell 19 and the second shell 22 are plug-connected, the first shell 19 is provided with a positioning slot 191, and the second shell 22 is provided with a third locking tongue 221, wherein the positioning slot 191 and the third locking tongue 221 are snapped together to connect the first shell 19 and the second shell 22.

[0030] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the connector further includes a waterproof rubber strip 21 , which is disposed between the first shell 19 and the second shell 22 .

[0031] In the present application, on the basis of the tight connection between the first shell 19 and the second shell 22, dust and moisture are prevented from entering the interior of the connector, so that the connector meets the requirements of vehicle-mounted dust and water resistance.

[0032] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the second shell 22 is provided with an annular groove 225 , and the waterproof rubber strip 21 is installed on the annular groove 225 to connect the inner wall of the first shell 19 and the inner wall of the second shell 22 .

[0033] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the connector further includes an optical component 24, and the optical component 24 includes an optical fiber 243, wherein the optical fiber 243 is connected to the first beam expansion unit.

[0034] In this application, the line end portion cooperates with the optical path transmission of the connector to achieve the output of the optical signal.

[0035] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the optical component 24 further includes a second beam expanding unit, wherein the second beam expanding unit is disposed between the first beam expanding unit and the optical fiber 243 .

[0036] It should be understood that the second beam expanding unit can be a second beam expanding lens, which can increase the optical power of the optical signal by refracting the optical signal through the second beam expanding lens, or the second beam expanding unit can be a second beam expanding optical fiber tube, which can increase the optical power of the optical signal by reflecting the optical signal through the optical fiber tube.

[0037] In the present application, the second beam expansion unit can further reduce the influence of the offset of the connection portion between the first shell and the second shell caused by the vehicle vibration environment on the coupling rate of the optical signal.

[0038] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the optical component 24 further includes a second optical component connecting unit, wherein the second optical component connecting unit is used to nest the second beam expansion unit and the optical fiber 243.

[0039] As a possible implementation paradigm, the second optical component connection unit is used to nest the optical fiber 243 .

[0040] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the second optical component connection unit is a second conduit 242 , wherein the second beam expansion unit is fixedly connected to one end of the optical fiber 243 and embedded in the inner cavity 2421 of the second conduit 242 .

[0041] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the connector also includes an electrical component 25, which includes a conductive unit 251 and a cable 252, wherein one end of the conductive unit 251 and one end of the cable 252 are plugged together, the cable 252 is connected to an external device, and the conductive unit 251 is used to transmit a second electrical signal between the external device and the printed circuit board; the second shell 22 is provided with a conductive unit jack 223, the other end of the conductive unit 251 is inserted into the conductive unit jack 223, and is connected to the electrical interface pin 196.

[0042] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the connector further includes a second clip 23, the second clip 23 is provided with a second lock hole 231, and the second shell 22 is provided with a fourth lock tongue 224, wherein the second clip 23 is clipped together with the second lock hole 231 and the fourth lock tongue 224 to fix the optical component 24 in the second shell 22.

[0043] In the present application, the second clip fixes the electrical components, optical components and the second shell in the wire end part together, suppressing vibrations from the second direction and the first direction in the vehicle vibration environment, and playing an anti-vibration role.

[0044] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first shell 19 is made of an insulating material, and the second shell 22 is made of an insulating material.

[0045] In a second aspect, a communication system is provided, which includes the connector of the first aspect and any implementation manner of the first aspect.

[0046] In a third aspect, a vehicle is provided, comprising the communication system of the second aspect.

[0047] The vehicles in this application may include road vehicles, water vehicles, air vehicles, industrial equipment, agricultural equipment, or entertainment equipment. For example, a vehicle can be a vehicle such as a commercial vehicle, a passenger car, a motorcycle, an air vehicle, a train, etc., an industrial vehicle such as a forklift, a trailer, a tractor, etc., an engineering vehicle such as an excavator, a bulldozer, a crane, etc., agricultural equipment such as a lawn mower, a harvester, etc., amusement equipment, a toy vehicle, etc. The embodiments of this application do not specifically limit the type of vehicle. For another example, a vehicle can be a vehicle in a broad sense, for example, also including vehicles such as an airplane or a ship. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] FIG1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a connector structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a board end portion and a wire end portion of a connector provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG3 is an overall exploded schematic diagram of a connector provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of an assembly of a connector provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG5 is an exploded schematic diagram of a plate end portion from one perspective provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an assembly of a plate end portion provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG7 is an exploded schematic diagram of a plate end portion from another perspective provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of an assembly of a wire end portion provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] FIG9 is an exploded schematic diagram of a wire end portion from one perspective provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] FIG10 is an exploded schematic diagram of a line end portion from another perspective provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and should not be understood as limiting the present application.

[0059] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0060] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections, electrical connections, or mutual communication; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; they can refer to internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0061] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "inside", "outside", "lateral", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the installation, and are only used to facilitate the description of this application and simplify the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0062] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the term "and / or" is merely a description of the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.

[0063] Fiber optic communication is a transmission method that uses light waves as information carriers and optical fibers as transmission media.

[0064] Fiber optic connectors are used in fiber optic communications to connect optical cables, optical cables and optoelectronic components, and optoelectronic components. They precisely connect the two optical fiber ends to maximize the coupling of the light energy output by the transmitting fiber to the receiving fiber.

[0065] Optical modules are important optical signal interface devices in fiber-optic communications. They have optical and electrical interfaces. The optical interface connects to optical fibers to transmit optical signals, while the electrical interface connects to external communication terminal equipment.

[0066] Current optoelectronic hybrid connectors can achieve the transmission of optical and electrical signals by adding conductive pins beneath a plastic elastic cardboard. However, these optoelectronic hybrid connectors cannot meet the requirements of an in-vehicle environment. For example, first, the optical fiber fixed pin end lacks a dustproof and waterproof structure, which makes the optoelectronic hybrid connector unable to meet the dust and water resistance requirements of an in-vehicle environment. Second, there is no fixed structure between the cable and the conductive pin, which cannot meet the vibration resistance requirements of an in-vehicle environment. It is easily damaged after long-term use or collision, and there is a risk of short circuit. Third, the optoelectronic hybrid connector is a connection between the wire ends, which cannot meet the vibration resistance requirements of an in-vehicle environment. If it needs to connect to the in-vehicle circuit board, it will increase the connection cost of the system.

[0067] Currently, to meet the vibration resistance requirements of automotive environments, a 650nm LED emitter and a 1mm core plastic optical fiber are used, with the fiber ends capped and secured with metal ferrules. This solution can prevent unstable fiber coupling and misalignment. However, the connector lacks sealing or structural filling at the fiber ends, and the tolerances between the metal components and the housing are not dustproof or waterproof, allowing dust and moisture to easily enter and affect optical fiber communication. Furthermore, this connector structure fails to meet the high bandwidth requirements of the automotive field.

[0068] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a connector, a communication system, and a vehicle, which will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0069] The connector proposed in the embodiment of the present application is suitable for large-bandwidth transmission for optical access or optical transmission, provides power supply transmission and configuration management for sensor equipment, and meets the requirements of vehicle-mounted dustproof, waterproof and vibration-resistant.

[0070] The connectors proposed in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to vehicles, wherein the vehicles in the present application may include road vehicles, water vehicles, air vehicles, industrial equipment, agricultural equipment, or entertainment equipment, etc. For example, the vehicle can be a vehicle (such as a commercial vehicle, a passenger car, a motorcycle, a flying car, a train, etc.), an industrial vehicle (such as a forklift, a trailer, a tractor, etc.), an engineering vehicle (such as an excavator, a bulldozer, a crane, etc.), agricultural equipment (such as a lawn mower, a harvester, etc.), amusement equipment, a toy vehicle, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the type of vehicle. For another example, the vehicle can be a vehicle in a broad sense, for example, also including vehicles such as airplanes or ships.

[0071] FIG1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a connector structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0072] As shown in FIG. 1 , the connector includes a board end portion 1 and a wire end portion 2 .

[0073] FIG2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a board end portion and a wire end portion of a connector provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0074] As shown in FIG. 2 , the board end portion 1 includes a first shell 19 , and the wire end portion 2 includes a second shell 22 , wherein the board end portion 1 and the wire end portion 2 are plug-connected via the first shell 19 and the second shell 22 .

[0075] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, the first shell 19 can be provided with a positioning slot 191, and the second shell 22 can be provided with a third locking tongue 221. The first shell 19 and the second shell can be plugged into each other through the fixed fit of the positioning slot 191 and the third locking tongue 221, thereby tightly connecting the board end part 1 and the wire end part 2.

[0076] FIG3 is an overall exploded schematic diagram of a connector provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0077] As shown in Figure 3, the wire end part 2 can also include a waterproof rubber strip 21. The board end part 1 and the wire end part 2 can be connected through the first shell 19, the waterproof rubber strip 21 and the second shell 22, wherein the waterproof rubber strip 21 is arranged between the first shell 19 and the second shell 22.

[0078] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of an assembly of a connector provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0079] Specifically, as shown in Figure 4, the first housing 19 can be provided with a positioning slot 191, and the second housing 22 can be provided with an annular groove 225. The positioning slot 191 and the third locking tongue 221 are fixedly engaged, and the waterproof rubber strip 21 is installed in the annular groove 225, connecting the inner wall of the first housing 19 and the inner wall of the second housing 22. In addition to the tight connection between the board end portion 1 and the wire end portion 2, dust and moisture are also prevented from entering the interior of the connector, ensuring that the connector meets the dust and water resistance requirements for vehicles.

[0080] It should be understood that the waterproof rubber strip 21 can also be installed on the first shell 19. In this case, an annular groove is provided on the first shell 19. The one shown in FIG. 4 is only one possible implementation manner.

[0081] The specific structure of the board end portion 1 of the connector will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 .

[0082] FIG5 is an exploded schematic diagram of a plate end portion from one perspective provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0083] The board end part 1 includes a photoelectric conversion unit 13, a converging lens and a first beam expansion unit, wherein the converging lens is arranged between the photoelectric conversion unit and the first beam expansion unit. The photoelectric conversion unit 13 is used to realize the conversion between the optical signal and the first electrical signal; the converging lens is used to obtain a parallel optical signal; and the first beam expansion unit is used to obtain an optical signal with increased optical power.

[0084] It should be understood that the board end portion 1 further includes a first housing 19 , and the optoelectronic conversion unit 13 , the converging lens and the first beam expanding unit can be disposed inside the first housing 19 .

[0085] Specifically, the converging lens may be a spherical lens 5 , or may be other devices that can focus the optical signal emitted by the photoelectric conversion unit 13 and convert it into a parallel optical signal, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0086] The first beam expanding unit may be a first beam expanding lens, which refracts the light signal to increase the optical power of the light signal. Alternatively, the first beam expanding lens may be a first beam expanding optical fiber tube, which reflects the light signal to increase the optical power of the light signal. The following description uses the first beam expanding unit as the first beam expanding lens 18 as an example.

[0087] It should be understood that the optical signal emission point of the photoelectric conversion unit 13, the center point of the converging lens, and the center axis of the first beam expanding lens are located on a straight line.

[0088] In an embodiment of the present application, the photoelectric conversion unit is built into the end portion of the board, and the optical signal is transmitted between the photoelectric conversion unit, the converging lens, and the first beam expansion unit. For uplink optical signal transmission, the optical signal converted by the photoelectric conversion unit is outputted through the converging lens and the first beam expansion lens in sequence, thereby achieving the expansion of the optical signal of the photoelectric conversion unit by the first beam expansion lens, increasing the coupling efficiency, reducing the coupling precision requirement, and effectively suppressing the influence of the connector axis center drift on the optical signal coupling in the vehicle-mounted vibration environment, thereby achieving high-bandwidth communication of optical signals in the vehicle-mounted environment. For downlink optical signal transmission, the optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber is transmitted to the photoelectric conversion unit through the first beam expansion unit and the converging lens, which can effectively increase the optical power of the optical signal with optical transmission loss, increase the coupling efficiency, reduce the coupling precision requirement, effectively suppress the influence of the connector axis center drift on the optical signal coupling in the vehicle-mounted vibration environment, thereby achieving high-bandwidth communication of optical signals in the vehicle-mounted environment. For example, current connectors experience optical signal transmission losses of 5dB / end to 6dB / end. However, the coupling structure of the optoelectronic conversion unit, convergent lens, and first beam expander lens in the board end portion of the present invention can reduce optical signal transmission losses to less than 2.5dB / end. Furthermore, the use of the first beam expander lens coupling approach enhances the feasibility of large-scale manufacturing of the board end portion.

[0089] It should be understood that the connector of the embodiment of the present application can be used as a transmitting device for optical signals. In this case, the optoelectronic conversion unit 13 obtains the first electrical signal and converts the first electrical signal into an optical signal, and outputs the optical signal through the above-mentioned converging lens and the first beam expanding lens 18. In this case, the output optical signal can be understood as an uplink optical signal. The connector of the embodiment of the present application can also be used as a receiving device for optical signals. In this case, the optoelectronic conversion unit 13 receives the optical signal through the above-mentioned first beam expanding lens 18 and the converging lens, and converts the optical signal into a third electrical signal, and outputs the third optical signal. In this case, the received optical signal can be understood as a downlink optical signal. The embodiment of the present application does not limit whether the connector is used to receive optical signals or to send optical signals. The following mainly uses the example of the connector as a transmitting device for optical signals for explanation.

[0090] The board end portion 1 also includes a first optical component connecting unit, a first fixing unit and a second fixing unit, wherein the first optical component connecting unit is used to nest the first beam expander lens 18, and the first fixing unit is used to fix the connection between the photoelectric conversion unit 13 and the converging lens; the second fixing unit is used to nest the connection between the photoelectric conversion unit 13, the first fixing unit and the first optical component connecting unit.

[0091] It should be understood that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the shape of the first optical component connection unit. The first optical component connection unit shown in Figure 5 can be a first conduit 17, which is a possible form of the first optical component connection unit. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the material of the first optical component connection unit, and it can be a material with a certain hardness and anti-vibration effect, such as metal or hard plastic.

[0092] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an assembly of a plate end portion provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0093] It should be understood that the specific forms of the first and second fixing units are not limited in the embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG5 , the first fixing unit may be an inner flange ring 14. As shown in FIG6 , the second fixing unit may be an outer flange ring 110. The inner flange ring 14 shown in FIG5 is only one possible specific form of the first fixing unit. The outer flange ring 110 shown in FIG6 is only one possible specific form of the second fixing unit.

[0094] For example, as shown in FIG6 , the first end 142 of the inner flange ring 14 is embedded with the spherical lens 15, and the second end 141 of the inner flange ring 14 is fixedly connected to the photoelectric conversion unit 13; the first end 1101 of the outer flange ring 110 is nested with the photoelectric conversion unit 13 and the second end 141 of the inner flange ring 14, and the second end 1102 of the outer flange ring 110 is nested with the first end 172 of the first conduit 17 (as shown in FIG5 ).

[0095] The inner diameter of the first end 142 of the inner flange ring 14 matches the diameter of the ball lens 15 , and the inner diameter of the second end 1102 of the outer flange ring 110 matches the outer diameter of the first end 142 of the inner flange ring 14 .

[0096] For example, the tolerance between the inner diameter of the first end 142 of the inner flange ring 14 and the diameter of the ball lens 15 meets the protection level IP67 standard, and the tolerance between the inner diameter of the second end 1102 of the outer flange ring 110 and the outer diameter of the first end 142 of the inner flange ring 14 meets the protection level IP67 standard.

[0097] In the embodiment of the present application, the fixing part tightly connects the converging lens, the light guiding unit and the first beam expansion unit together, which can effectively play a role of dustproof and waterproof, thereby preventing dust and moisture from entering the inner cavity of the optical fiber and the connector, supporting the dustproof and waterproof level of IP67, and effectively improving the protection level.

[0098] The board end portion 1 further includes a light guide unit disposed between the converging lens and the first beam expander lens 18 . The light guide unit may be an optical fiber ferrule 16 . The following description will be made using the optical fiber ferrule 16 as an example.

[0099] In this application, the light guide unit is positioned between the converging lens and the first beam expansion unit. This structurally reduces the processing cost of the first beam expansion unit, as longer first beam expansion units have higher processing costs. The light guide unit increases the transmission length of the optical signal between the converging lens and the first beam expansion unit, which can increase the length of the connecting unit that secures the first beam expansion unit, thereby reducing the processing difficulty of the connecting unit. Functionally, the connection between the light guide unit and the first beam expansion unit can further expand the optical signal spot, thereby further increasing coupling efficiency and reducing coupling precision requirements.

[0100] Taking uplink optical transmission as an example, the optical signal is converted into a parallel optical signal by the converging lens, passes through the optical fiber ferrule 16, and is incident on the first beam expanding lens 18.

[0101] The first optical component connection unit can also be used to nest the first beam expander lens 18 and the optical fiber ferrule 16 .

[0102] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG6 , when the first optical component connection unit is a first conduit 17 , the optical fiber ferrule 16 and the first beam expander lens 18 are fixedly connected and embedded in an inner cavity 171 of the first conduit 17 .

[0103] Specifically, one end of the first beam expanding lens 18 and one end of the optical fiber ferrule 16 can be connected by glue, or other media that can transmit optical signals, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0104] As a possible implementation, the first beam expander lens 18 can be formed by combining and sintering materials with different refractive indices. It should be understood that this is only one method for manufacturing the first beam expander lens, and the first beam expander lens can also be manufactured by other methods, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0105] In the embodiment of the present application, the photoelectric conversion unit is built into the end portion of the board, and the photoelectric conversion unit, the converging lens, the light guide unit and the first beam expansion unit are fixed together by fixing parts to form an integrated design with a simple connection structure.

[0106] FIG7 is an exploded schematic diagram of a plate end portion provided in an embodiment of the present application from another perspective.

[0107] As shown in FIG. 7 , the board end portion 1 may further include a first buckle 12 .

[0108] The first buckle 12 fixes the photoelectric conversion unit 13 , the first fixing unit, the second fixing unit, the converging lens and the first optical component connecting unit in the first housing 19 .

[0109] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 6 , the first buckle 12 fixes the photoelectric conversion unit 13 , the inner flange ring 14 , the outer flange ring 110 , the ball lens 15 , and the first conduit 17 in the first housing 19 .

[0110] Specifically, as shown in Figure 5, the fixing slot 124 of the first clip 12 and the internal lock 192 of the first shell 19 are engaged and connected, and the photoelectric conversion unit 13, the inner flange ring 14, the outer flange ring 110, the ball lens 15 and the first conduit 17 are constrained and fixed in the first shell 19 along the first direction through the first baffle 121 of the first clip 12.

[0111] As shown in FIG7 , the first locking tongue 123 of the first buckle 12 is engaged with the positioning hole 193 of the first housing 19. Furthermore, the photoelectric conversion unit 13, the inner flange ring 14, the outer flange ring 110, the ball lens 15, and the first guide tube 17 are constrained and fixed to the first housing 19 along the second direction via the second baffle 122 of the first buckle 12. It should be understood that the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0112] It should be understood that the second direction and the first direction are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application. For example, the second direction can be the vehicle's forward direction in the vehicle coordinate system, and the first direction can be the vehicle's yaw direction in the vehicle coordinate system; or the second direction can be the vehicle's forward direction in the vehicle coordinate system, and the first direction can be the direction perpendicular to the ground in the vehicle coordinate system. In other words, the second direction and the first direction in the embodiments of the present application can be arbitrary. To facilitate understanding of the solutions of the present application, the second direction and the first direction shown in the diagram are for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the deployment position of the connector in the vehicle.

[0113] It should be noted that the outer flange ring 110 is only shown in the assembly view of the plate end portion in FIG. 6 , and is not shown in the exploded views of the plate end portion from two viewing angles.

[0114] In an embodiment of the present application, a first clip is used to fix a whole formed by the photoelectric conversion unit, the first fixing unit, the second fixing unit, the converging lens and the first optical component connection unit on the first shell. In a vehicle-mounted vibration environment, not only can the deviation caused by the vibration in the second direction be suppressed, for example, the deviation caused by the vibration in the direction of vehicle travel can be suppressed, but also the deviation caused by the vibration in the first direction can be suppressed, for example, the deviation caused by the vibration in the direction perpendicular to the earth can be suppressed.

[0115] As shown in FIG. 6 , the board end portion 1 may further include a metal shielding cover 11 .

[0116] As shown in FIG. 7 , the metal shield 11 may be provided with a first locking hole 111 , and the first housing 19 may be provided with a second locking tongue 194 . The metal shield 11 is fixed to the first housing 19 via the first locking hole 111 and the second locking tongue 194 .

[0117] It should be understood that the position of the first lock hole 111 in the metal shield 11 and the position of the second lock tongue 194 in the first housing correspond to each other, and the present embodiment does not limit the position and number of the first lock hole 111 and the second lock tongue 194. The positions and numbers of the first lock hole 111 and the second lock tongue 194 shown in Figures 5 and 7 are for illustrative purposes only.

[0118] In the embodiment of the present application, by installing a metal shielding cover outside the first shell of the board end part, external electromagnetic interference can be shielded to ensure photoelectric transmission.

[0119] As shown in Figure 6, the first shell 19 is provided with a positioning pin 195 and an electrical interface pin 196, and the metal shielding cover 11 is provided with a second metal pin 112. The board end part 1 and the printed circuit board (PCB) are connected through the positioning pin 195, the electrical interface pin 196 and the second metal pin 112. The electrical interface pin 196 is used to transmit the second electrical signal between the external device and the PCB.

[0120] Specifically, the electrical interface pins 196 may be soldered onto the PCB, and the second metal pins 112 may be soldered onto the PCB.

[0121] The positioning pins 195 are used to determine the relative position between the board end portion and the PCB. The positioning pins 195 can be made of an insulating material, such as plastic. The specific position and material of the positioning pins 195 are not limited in this embodiment of the application.

[0122] As a possible implementation, when processing the electrical interface pins 196 on the first shell 19 , they can be fixed in the first shell 19 at the board end portion by plastic dissolution.

[0123] The photoelectric conversion unit 13 is provided with a first metal pin 131, through which the photoelectric conversion unit 13 and the PCB are connected. The first metal pin 131 is used to transmit a first electrical signal between the photoelectric conversion unit 13 and the PCB. The photoelectric conversion unit 13 is used to convert the first electrical signal into an optical signal.

[0124] Specifically, the first metal pin 131 is soldered onto the PCB.

[0125] Exemplarily, when the connector serves as an optical signal transmitter, the transmission path of the uplink optical signal is shown in Figure 4. The optoelectronic conversion unit 13 includes an optoelectronic converter chip (e.g., a laser chip). The first electrical signal on the PCB is transmitted to the optoelectronic converter chip of the optoelectronic conversion unit 13 via the first metal pin 131. The optoelectronic converter then emits a modulated uplink optical signal, which is focused by the ball lens 15, enters the first conduit 17, and is refracted by the optical fiber ferrule 16 to the first beam expander lens 18, thereby achieving wide-bandwidth transmission of the uplink optical signal.

[0126] Exemplarily, electrical interface pin 196 is used to implement a second electrical signal transmission between an external device and the PCB, for example, to implement electrical signal transmission between a sensor and the PCB. Specifically, electrical interface pin 196 is used to power the external device and configure a low-bandwidth electrical signal. The PCB receives electrical signals from the external device, namely, downlink electrical signals. The downlink electrical signal transmission path is shown in FIG4 and will be described in detail in conjunction with the line end portion.

[0127] In this embodiment of the present application, the board-end portion of the connector integrates the photoelectric conversion unit and the first beam expander lens, and the conductive unit interface is built into the first housing of the board-end portion. This achieves a design that integrates the board-end portion's electrical interface access and optical output. This simplifies connector design, improves the board-end portion's maintainability, and provides stable and reliable connectivity in complex automotive environments. Furthermore, the miniaturization and simplicity of the board-end portion effectively saves space for onboard ECU components.

[0128] The specific structure of the line end portion of the connector will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 8 to FIG. 10 .

[0129] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of an assembly of a wire end portion provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0130] As shown in Figure 8, the line end portion 2 further includes an optical component 24, which includes an optical fiber 243. The optical fiber 243 can be connected to the first beam expander lens 18. Taking the uplink optical signal transmission as an example, the parallel optical signal is incident on the optical fiber 243 from the first beam expander lens 18 of the board end portion 1.

[0131] In the embodiment of the present application, the line end portion cooperates with the optical path transmission of the board end portion to realize the output of the optical signal.

[0132] The optical component 24 further includes a second optical component connecting unit, wherein the second optical component connecting unit is used to nest the optical fiber 243 .

[0133] It should be understood that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific shape of the second optical component connection unit. The second optical component connection unit shown in Figure 8 can be a second conduit 242. The second conduit 242 is a possible shape of the second optical component connection unit. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the material of the second optical component connection unit. It can be a material with a certain hardness and anti-vibration effect, such as metal or hard plastic.

[0134] The optical component 24 further includes a second beam expanding unit, which is disposed between the first beam expanding unit and the optical fiber 243 .

[0135] It should be understood that the second beam expanding unit may be a second beam expanding lens 241, which refracts the light signal to increase the optical power of the light signal. Alternatively, the second beam expanding lens may be a second beam expanding optical fiber tube, which reflects the light signal to increase the optical power of the light signal. The following description will take the second beam expanding unit as the second beam expanding lens 241 as an example.

[0136] Taking uplink optical signal transmission as an example, the optical signal is incident from the first beam expander lens 18 to the second beam expander lens 241 and then to the optical fiber 243 .

[0137] In the embodiment of the present application, the second beam expander lens at the line end portion can further reduce the effect of the offset of the connection portion between the board end and the line end caused by the vehicle-borne vibration environment on the coupling rate of the optical signal.

[0138] FIG9 is an exploded schematic diagram of a line end portion from one perspective provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0139] 8 , the second beam expander lens 241 is fixedly connected to one end of the optical fiber 243 and embedded in the inner cavity 2421 (as shown in FIG9 ) of the second conduit 242. After the first housing 19 and the second housing 22 are plugged together, the second beam expander lens 241 and the first beam expander lens 18 are in contact and connected.

[0140] Specifically, the second beam expanding lens 241 and the optical fiber 243 can be connected by glue, or other media that can transmit optical signals, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0141] As shown in FIG. 8 , the second housing 22 is provided with a lock buckle 222 , and the second optical component connecting unit 242 is fixed in the second housing 22 by the lock buckle 222 .

[0142] It should be understood that after the board end part 1 and the wire end part 2 are plugged and connected through the positioning slot 191 and the third locking tongue 221, the first beam expanding lens 18 in the board end part 1 and the second beam expanding lens 241 in the wire end part 2 fit together to realize the transmission of the optical signal between the optical fiber 243 and the photoelectric conversion unit 13.

[0143] Exemplarily, for the wide-bandwidth transmission of the uplink optical signal, as shown in FIG4 , the parallel optical signal is directed from the first beam expander lens 18 of the board end portion 1 into the optical contact 242 of the line end portion 2, and is incident on the optical fiber 243 through the second beam expander lens 24, thereby realizing wide-bandwidth transmission of the uplink light.

[0144] As shown in Figure 9, the wire end part 2 also includes an electrical component 25, which includes a conductive unit 251 and a cable 252, wherein the electrical signal of the external device is transmitted to the printed circuit board PCB through the cable 252, the conductive unit 251 and the electrical interface pin 196 of the first shell 19.

[0145] FIG10 is an exploded schematic diagram of a line end portion from another perspective provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0146] The second housing 2 is further provided with a conductive unit jack 223. As shown in FIG10 , one end of the conductive unit 251 and one end of the cable 252 are plugged together, and the other end of the conductive unit 251 can be inserted into the conductive unit jack 223, thereby fixing the electrical component 25 on the second housing 2.

[0147] The conductive unit jack 223 shown in FIG. 9 is used to connect the electrical interface pin 196 of the first housing 19 of the board end portion 1 and the conductive unit 251 .

[0148] Specifically, after the board end part 1 and the wire end part 2 are plugged and connected through the positioning slot 191 and the third locking tongue 221, the electrical interface pin 196 of the first shell 19 shown in Figure 7 is inserted into the conductive unit jack 223 of the second shell 22 shown in Figure 9, so that the electrical interface pin 196 and the conductive unit 251 are connected to realize the transmission of electrical signals.

[0149] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 4 , the transmission of the downlink electrical signal is carried out through the cable 252 , the conductive unit 251 , and the electrical interface pin 196 to be transmitted to the PCB.

[0150] As shown in FIG. 9 , the wire end portion 2 further includes a second buckle 23 , the second buckle 23 is provided with a second locking hole 231 , and the second housing 22 is provided with a fourth locking tongue 224 .

[0151] The second buckle 23 is engaged with the fourth locking tongue 224 through the second locking hole 231 , thereby constraining and fixing the optical component 24 in the second housing 22 .

[0152] In the embodiment of the present application, the second clip fixes the electrical components, optical components and the second shell in the wire end part together, suppressing vibrations from the second direction and the first direction in the vehicle vibration environment, and playing an anti-vibration role.

[0153] It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the number of optical transmission channels in the board end portion 1 and the line end portion 2. The number of optical transmission channels shown in the accompanying drawings is one. Therefore, if multiple optical signals are to be transmitted, the transmission channels of the photoelectric conversion unit 13, ball lens 15, first conduit 17, first beam expander lens 18 in the board end portion 1, and the second beam expander lens 241 and optical fiber 243 in the line end portion 2 in the embodiments of the present application can be used. In this case, the number of holes for optical transmission channels in the first housing 19 and the second housing 22 is the same as the number of optical signal transmission channels.

[0154] It should also be understood that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the number of electrical transmission channels in the board end portion 1 and the line end portion 2. For example, the number of electrical transmission channels shown in the accompanying drawings is four. As shown in FIG7 , the board end portion has four electrical interface pins 196 and the line end portion 2 has four electrical components. Therefore, if multiple electrical signals are to be transmitted, the electrical signal transmission channels of the PCB, the electrical interface pins 196 in the board end portion 1, the conductive unit 252 in the line end portion 2, and the cable 252 in the embodiments of the present application can be used. In this case, the number of electrical interface pins 196 on the first housing 19, the number of conductive unit jacks on the second housing 22, the number of electrical components 25, and the number of electrical signal transmission paths are the same.

[0155] It should be noted that the housing material of the connector in the embodiment of the present application is a non-conductive material, which may be an insulating material such as plastic, but the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0156] In the embodiments of the present application, simple and universal structural parts are used to fix the optoelectronic conversion unit, optical components, electrical components and other components inside the connector housing through simple installation methods such as nesting and snapping. The structure is simple and reliable, the process is simple to implement, the cost is low and it is easy to produce and install.

[0157] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A connector, characterized in that: It includes a photoelectric conversion unit, a converging lens and a first beam expansion unit, The converging lens is arranged between the photoelectric conversion unit and the first beam expansion unit. The photoelectric conversion unit is used to realize the conversion between the optical signal and the first electrical signal; The converging lens is used to obtain parallel light signals; The first beam expansion unit is used to obtain an optical signal with increased optical power.

2. The connector according to claim 1, wherein: The connector further includes a light guide unit disposed between the converging lens and the first beam expansion unit. The light guiding unit is used to transmit the optical signal between the converging lens and the first beam expanding unit.

3. The connector according to claim 2, wherein: The connector further includes a first optical component connecting unit, a first fixing unit and a second fixing unit. Wherein, the first optical component connecting unit is used to nest the first beam expansion unit and the light guide unit, The first fixing unit is used to fix the photoelectric conversion unit and the converging lens; The second fixing unit is used to nest and connect the photoelectric conversion unit, the first fixing unit, and the second fixing unit.

4. The connector according to claim 3, wherein: The converging lens is a ball lens (15), the first beam expanding unit is a first beam expanding lens (18), the first optical component connecting unit is a first guide tube (17), the first fixing unit is an inner flange ring (14), and the second fixing unit is an outer flange ring (110). The light guide unit and the first beam expander lens (18) are fixedly connected and embedded in the inner cavity (171) of the first conduit (17); The first end (142) of the inner flange ring (14) is embedded in the ball lens (15), and the second end (141) of the inner flange ring (14) is fixedly connected to the photoelectric conversion unit; The first end (1101) of the outer flange ring (110) is nested with the photoelectric conversion unit and the second end (141) of the inner flange ring (14), and the second end (1102) of the outer flange ring (110) is nested with the first end (172) of the first conduit (17).

5. The connector according to claim 4, wherein: The inner diameter of the first end (142) of the inner flange ring (14) matches the diameter of the ball lens (15), and the inner diameter of the second end (1102) of the outer flange ring (110) matches the outer diameter of the first end (142) of the inner flange ring (14).

6. The connector according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein: The connector further comprises a first housing (19) and a first buckle (12), The first buckle (12) is used to fix the photoelectric conversion unit, the first fixing unit, the second fixing unit, the converging lens and the first optical component connecting unit in the first housing (19).

7. The connector according to claim 6, wherein: The first buckle (12) is provided with a first baffle (121) and a fixed slot (124), and the first housing (19) is provided with an internal lock buckle (192). The fixed slot (124) and the internal lock buckle (192) are engaged and connected. Furthermore, the photoelectric conversion unit, the first fixing unit, the second fixing unit, the converging lens and the first optical component connecting unit are constrained and fixed in the first housing (19) along a first direction through the first baffle (121).

8. The connector according to claim 7, wherein: The first buckle (12) is provided with a first locking tongue (123) and a second baffle (122), and the first housing (19) is provided with a positioning hole (193). Wherein, the first locking tongue (123) and the positioning card hole (193) are engaged and connected. Furthermore, the photoelectric conversion unit, the first fixing unit, the second fixing unit, the converging lens and the conduit (17) are constrained and fixed in the first housing (19) along a second direction through the second baffle (122), wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular.

9. The connector according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein: The connector further comprises a metal shielding cover (11), the metal shielding cover (11) is provided with a first lock hole (111), the first housing (19) is provided with a second lock tongue (194), The metal shielding cover (11) is fixed to the first housing (19) by snapping the first lock hole (111) and the second lock tongue (194) together.

10. The connector according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein: The first housing (19) is fixedly provided with an electrical interface pin (196) and a positioning pin (195) Wherein, the electrical interface pin (196) is used to transmit a second electrical signal between the external device and the printed circuit board; The positioning pins (195) are used to determine the position between the first housing (19) and the printed circuit board.

11. The connector according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein: The photoelectric conversion unit is provided with a first metal pin, The first metal pin is used to transmit the first electrical signal between the photoelectric conversion unit and the printed circuit board.

12. The connector according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the positioning pins (195) are made of insulating material, and the electrical interface pins (196) are made of conductive material.

13. The connector according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein: The connector includes a second shell (22), the first shell (19) and the second shell (22) are plug-connected, The first housing (19) is provided with a positioning slot (191), and the second housing (22) is provided with a third locking tongue (221). The first shell (19) and the second shell (22) are connected by snapping the positioning slot (191) and the third locking tongue (221) together.

14. The connector according to claim 13, wherein: The connector further comprises a waterproof rubber strip (21), and the waterproof rubber strip (21) is arranged between the first shell (19) and the second shell (22).

15. The connector according to claim 14, wherein: The second shell (22) is provided with an annular groove (225), and the waterproof rubber strip (21) is installed on the annular groove (225) to connect the inner wall of the first shell (19) and the inner wall of the second shell (22).

16. The connector according to any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein: The connector further comprises an optical component (24), wherein the optical component (24) comprises an optical fiber (243), Wherein, the optical fiber (243) is connected to the first beam expansion unit.

17. The connector according to claim 16, wherein: The optical component (24) further includes a second beam expansion unit, Wherein, the second beam expanding unit is arranged between the first beam expanding unit and the optical fiber (243).

18. The connector according to claim 17, wherein: The connector further includes a second optical component connecting unit, The second optical component connection unit is used to nest the second beam expansion unit and the optical fiber (243).

19. The connector according to claim 18, wherein The second component connection unit is a second conduit (242), The second beam expansion unit is fixedly connected to one end of the optical fiber (243) and embedded in the inner cavity (2421) of the second catheter (242).

20. The connector according to any one of claims 13 to 19, wherein: The connector further comprises an electrical component (25), wherein the electrical component (25) comprises a conductive unit (251) and a cable (252). One end of the conductive unit (251) and one end of the cable (252) are plugged together, the cable (252) is connected to an external device, and the conductive unit (251) is used to transmit a second electrical signal between the external device and the printed circuit board; The second housing (22) is provided with a conductive unit jack (223), and the other end of the conductive unit (251) is inserted into the conductive unit jack (223) and connected to the electrical interface pin (196).

21. The connector according to any one of claims 13 to 20, wherein: The connector further comprises a second buckle (23), the second buckle (23) is provided with a second locking hole (231), and the second housing (22) is provided with a fourth locking tongue (224). The second buckle (23) is connected to the fourth locking tongue (224) through the second locking hole (231) to fix the optical component (24) in the second housing (22).

22. The connector according to any one of claims 13 to 21, wherein: The first shell (19) is made of insulating material, and the second shell (22) is made of insulating material.

23. A communication system, characterized in that: Comprising the connector according to any one of claims 1 to 22.

24. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising a communication system as claimed in claim 23.

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