Communication method, communication device and communication system

Abstract

The invention provides a communication method, a communication device and a communication system, which are used for improving the communication performance of Ethernet. The method can be executed by a first device, and the first device is connected with a second device through two pairs of twisted pairs or four pairs of twisted pairs. The method comprises the steps that when two twisted pairs do not fail, first information is sent to second equipment, and the first information is used for representing that first equipment supports a variable speed communication mode; wherein the communication rate corresponding to the variable-speed communication mode is smaller than the first communication rate corresponding to the first communication mode and greater than or equal to the second communication rate; the first communication mode is a communication mode adopting four twisted pairs; and receiving second information from the second equipment, wherein the second information is used for representing that the second equipment supports the variable speed communication mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, a communication device and a communication system. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous evolution and development of Ethernet technology, various types of Ethernet technology have emerged, and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) has formulated relevant standards. For example, the IEEE 802.3 series of standards stipulates that the data transmission rate corresponding to Ethernet technology 10BASE-T is 10Mbps, the data transmission rate corresponding to Ethernet technology 100BASE-T is 100Mbps, the data transmission rate corresponding to Ethernet technology 1000BASE-T is 1Gbps, the data transmission rate corresponding to Ethernet technology 10GBASE-T is 10Gbps, the data transmission rate corresponding to Ethernet technology 5GBASE-T is 5Gbps, and the data transmission rate corresponding to Ethernet technology 2.5GBASE-T is 2.5Gbps.

[0003] Among them, 10BASE-T and 100BASE-T use 2 pairs of twisted pairs as the medium for communication transmission, and 1GBASE-T, 10GBASE-T, 2.5GBASE-T, and 5GBASE-T use 4 pairs of twisted pairs as the medium for communication transmission. Therefore, the two end devices that use any of 1GBASE-T, 10GBASE-T, 2.5GBASE-T, and 5GBASE-T for communication need to be connected through 4 pairs of twisted pairs. If some of the twisted pairs are disconnected (i.e., disconnected) or the cable crystal plugs of the twisted pairs are in poor contact, the two end devices will negotiate to use a communication mode that only requires 2 pairs of twisted pairs (such as 10BASE-T or 100BASE-T), so that the communication rate of the two end devices will be reduced from greater than or equal to 1Gbps to 10Mbps or 100Mbps. This will cause a significant drop in communication rate, a significant drop in communication performance, and a poor user experience.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the communication performance of Ethernet when some twisted pair cables used by devices at both ends of Ethernet communication are disconnected or the cable crystal plugs of some twisted pair cables have poor contact is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a communication method, a communication device and a communication system for improving the communication performance of Ethernet.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which can be performed by a first device or a module (such as a chip) applied to the first device, wherein the first device is connected to a second device via two pairs of twisted pairs or four pairs of twisted pairs; the method comprises: when the two pairs of twisted pairs are not faulty, sending first information to the second device, the first information being used to characterize that the first device supports a variable speed communication mode; wherein the communication rate corresponding to the variable speed communication mode is less than the first communication rate corresponding to the first communication mode, and is greater than or equal to the second communication rate; the first communication mode is a communication mode using the four pairs of twisted pairs; and receiving second information from the second device, the second information being used to characterize that the second device supports the variable speed communication mode.

[0007] In this method, the first device is connected to the second device via two twisted pairs or four twisted pairs. When the two twisted pairs are not faulty, the first device and the second device can inform each other that they support the variable speed communication mode, and then the two parties can negotiate to use the variable speed communication mode. In addition, the communication rate corresponding to the variable speed communication mode is lower than the first communication rate corresponding to the communication mode using four twisted pairs, but higher than the second communication rate (i.e., the communication rate corresponding to the communication mode using two twisted pairs in the prior art, such as 100Mbps, 10Mbps), so that the communication performance of the first device will not be significantly reduced when communicating with the second device using the variable speed communication mode.

[0008] In one possible design, the method further includes: communicating data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode. In this design, the first device and the second device communicate data using the variable speed communication mode so that the communication rate between the first device and the second device does not drop too much relative to the communication rate of the first communication mode.

[0009] In one possible design, performing data communication with the second device in the variable speed communication mode includes: using N pairs of twisted pairs among the four pairs of twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in the variable speed communication mode; wherein N is a positive integer less than 4. In this design, the number of twisted pairs required when the first device performs data communication with the second device in the variable speed communication mode is less than 4 pairs of twisted pairs, for example, it can be 1 pair of twisted pairs, 2 pairs of twisted pairs, or 3 pairs of twisted pairs, so that the variable speed communication mode can be applied to various situations of twisted pair failure, thereby improving the reliability of Ethernet.

[0010] In one possible design, the first information is also used to characterize that the first device supports the first communication mode, and the second information is also used to characterize that the second device supports the first communication mode; the method further includes: using 4 pairs of twisted pairs to train the first communication mode; correspondingly, using N pairs of twisted pairs among the 4 pairs of twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in a variable speed communication mode, including: when the training of the first communication mode of the N pairs of twisted pairs is successful, and the training of the first communication mode of the twisted pairs other than the N pairs of twisted pairs among the 4 pairs of twisted pairs fails, using the N pairs of twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in a variable speed communication mode. In this design, the first communication mode is trained using 4 pairs of twisted pairs, and if only the training of the first communication mode of the N pairs of twisted pairs is successful, the data communication is performed using the N pairs of twisted pairs in a variable speed communication mode.

[0011] In one possible design, the method further includes: performing fault detection on the four twisted pairs; accordingly, using N twisted pairs of the four twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in a variable speed communication mode, including: when the N twisted pairs are not faulty and twisted pairs other than the N twisted pairs of the four twisted pairs are faulty, using the N twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in a variable speed communication mode. In this design, by performing fault detection on the four twisted pairs, when only N twisted pairs of the four twisted pairs are not faulty, the N twisted pairs are used to perform data communication in a variable speed communication mode.

[0012] In a possible design, the N twisted pair cables not failing includes the N twisted pair cables not being disconnected, or the N twisted pair cables being twisted pair cables with better channel quality among the four twisted pair cables.

[0013] In one possible design, the first information is also used to characterize that the first device supports the first communication mode, and the second information is also used to characterize that the second device supports the first communication mode; the method further includes: using 4 pairs of twisted pairs to train the first communication mode; accordingly, using N pairs of twisted pairs among the 4 pairs of twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in a variable speed communication mode, including: when the number of training failures in the first communication mode reaches G times, using N pairs of twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in a variable speed communication mode; wherein G is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. In this design, when the number of training failures in the first communication mode reaches a preset value, the N pairs of twisted pairs are used to perform data communication in a variable speed communication mode.

[0014] In a possible design, the four pairs of twisted pairs include a first group of twisted pairs and a second group of twisted pairs, the first group of twisted pairs includes twisted pair A and twisted pair B, and the second group of twisted pairs includes twisted pair C and twisted pair D; the method also includes: performing fault detection on the first group of twisted pairs within a first time window, and if the first group of twisted pairs is not faulty, determining the first group of twisted pairs as two pairs of twisted pairs; or, performing fault detection on the second group of twisted pairs within a second time window, and if the second group of twisted pairs is not faulty, determining the second group of twisted pairs as two pairs of twisted pairs; wherein the first time window is different from the second time window. wherein the first time window and the second time window are different time periods. In this design, by performing fault detection on the first group of twisted pairs and the second group of twisted pairs in different time periods, conflicts when performing fault detection on the first group of twisted pairs and the second group of twisted pairs can be avoided.

[0015] In one possible design, the method further includes: the chip where the physical layer of the first device is located and the chip where the data link layer is located use a medium-independent interface to communicate, and the communication rate of the medium-independent interface is less than or equal to the communication rate corresponding to the variable speed communication mode. In this design, when the physical layer of the first device and the data link layer of the first device are deployed on two different chips, the two chips can communicate through the medium-independent interface.

[0016] In one possible design, the first communication mode includes any one of the following: 10GBASE-T full-duplex communication, 5GBASE-T full-duplex communication, 2.5GBASE-T full-duplex communication, or 1GBASE-T full-duplex communication.

[0017] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which has the function of implementing the method described in the first aspect or the possible design of the first aspect. The function can be implemented by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.

[0018] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which includes a module or unit for implementing a method as described in the first aspect or a possible design of the first aspect.

[0019] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to receive and send data; the processor is coupled to a memory, and is used to execute a computer program stored in the memory, so that the device performs a method as described in the first aspect or a possible design of the first aspect.

[0020] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, comprising a unit or module for executing each step of the method described in the first aspect or a possible design of the first aspect.

[0021] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes a computer program. When the computer program runs on a computer or a processor, the computer or the processor executes the method described in the above-mentioned first aspect or a possible design of the first aspect.

[0022] In the seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. When the computer program runs on a computer or a processor, it enables the computer or the processor to execute the method described in the above-mentioned first aspect or the possible design of the first aspect.

[0023] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, comprising a first device and a second device for executing a method as described in the first aspect or a possible design of the first aspect; wherein the first device is connected to the second device via N pairs of twisted pair cables.

[0024] In the ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application also provides a chip system, comprising: a processor and a memory, wherein the processor is coupled to the memory, and the memory is used to store programs or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by the processor, the method described in the first aspect or a possible design of the first aspect is implemented.

[0025] For the beneficial effects of the second to ninth aspects, please refer to the relevant description in the first aspect and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is an example diagram of the OSI model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is another example diagram of the OSI model;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication system;

[0029] Figure 4A A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 4B A flow chart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a twisted pair fault detection provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 6 A flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 7 A flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 8 A flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Fig.9A This is one of the schematic diagrams of the physical layer of the first device using the variable speed communication mode in the embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Fig. 9B This is a second schematic diagram of a physical layer of a first device using a variable speed communication mode in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Fig. 9C This is a third schematic diagram of a physical layer of a first device using a variable speed communication mode in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Fig. 10A This is a fourth schematic diagram of a physical layer of a first device using a variable speed communication mode in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Fig. 10B Schematic diagram 5 of the physical layer of the first device using the variable speed communication mode in the embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Fig. 10C This is a sixth schematic diagram of a physical layer of a first device using a variable speed communication mode in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Fig.11A Schematic diagram 7 of the physical layer of the first device using the variable speed communication mode in the embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Fig. 11B This is a schematic diagram eight of a physical layer of a first device using a variable speed communication mode in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Fig. 11C Schematic diagram 9 of the physical layer of the first device using the variable speed communication mode in the embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Fig. 12A One of the schematic diagrams of the communication interface used between the physical layer of the first device and the data link layer of the first device in the embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Fig. 12B This is a second schematic diagram of a communication interface used between the physical layer of the first device and the data link layer of the first device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Fig.14A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] Below, some terms in the embodiments of the present application are explained to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.

[0050] 1) Twisted pair (TP) is the most commonly used transmission medium in an integrated wiring project, including two copper wires with an insulating protective layer; the two insulated copper wires are twisted together at a certain density, and the radio waves radiated by each wire during transmission will be offset by the radio waves emitted by the other wire, effectively reducing the degree of signal interference. Twisted pair is usually used as a transmission medium for Ethernet, and in Ethernet, twisted pair is divided into A twisted pair, B twisted pair, C twisted pair, and D twisted pair according to the specifications and uses of the twisted pair. In an embodiment of the present application, twisted pair A and twisted pair B can be used to negotiate the communication mode supported by the devices at both ends of the connection between twisted pair A and twisted pair B. And, twisted pair C and twisted pair D can also be used to negotiate the communication mode supported by the devices at both ends of the connection between twisted pair C and twisted pair D.

[0051] 2) Ethernet is a local area network technology used to transmit data between different communication devices. Ethernet is a common wired network technology that is widely used in environments such as homes, offices, and data centers. It usually uses transmission media such as twisted pair or optical fiber. Ethernet supports various communication protocols, making it a common technology for data transmission between the Internet and local area networks. At the same time, Ethernet also supports full-duplex communication, allowing simultaneous sending and receiving operations, improving the efficiency of data transmission and bandwidth utilization.

[0052] IEEE has formulated relevant standards for Ethernet technology. As shown in Table 1, the IEEE 802.3 standard defines that the communication rate of 10BASE-T is 10Mbps, also known as 10M mode; the IEEE 802.3u standard defines that the communication rate of 100BASE-T is 100Mbps, also known as 100M mode; the IEEE 802.3ab standard defines that the communication rate of 1GBASE-T is 1Gbps, also known as GE mode; the IEEE 802.3an standard defines that the communication rate of 10GBASE-T is 10Gbps, also known as G10E mode; the IEEE 802.3bz standard defines that the communication rate of 5GBASE-T is 5Gbps, also known as 5GE mode; the IEEE 802.3bz standard defines that the communication rate of 2.5GBASE-T is 2.5Gbps, also known as 2.5GE mode. Furthermore, currently 10BASE-T, 100BASE-T, 1GBASE-T, 2.5GBASE-T, 5GBASE-T, or 10GBASE-T all use four pairs of twisted-pair cables as a transmission medium.

[0053] Table 1

[0054]

[0055] 3) The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference model is a framework for understanding and describing computer network architecture. Figure 1 or Figure 2 As shown, the OSI reference model can divide the process of computer network communication into seven different layers, each layer is responsible for specific functions and tasks, these layers from bottom to top are: physical layer (PHY), data link layer (data link layer), network layer (network layer), transport layer (transport layer), session layer (session layer), presentation layer (presentation layer), or application layer (application layer). The following is a detailed explanation of each layer:

[0056] Physical layer:

[0057] The physical layer is the lowest layer of the OSI model and is responsible for transmitting raw bit streams between network devices. It handles the transmission of electrical signals on physical media, such as transmission media (such as wires, optical fibers) and voltage. The functions of the physical layer include data encoding, transmission rate, timing control, and establishment and maintenance of physical connections. Further, such as Figure 1 or Figure 2 As shown, the physical layer may include a physical medium attachment (PMA) and a physical coding sublayer (PCS). PMA is a sublayer in the physical layer, responsible for converting digital signals from the data link layer into analog signals suitable for transmission on specific transmission media (such as twisted pair, optical fiber, etc.), and PMA can also handle functions such as port rate matching and signal adjustment. PCS is responsible for signal encoding and decoding between the physical layer and the data link layer. It converts the analog signal from the PMA layer into a frame format and encodes it to improve the reliability of transmission. The PCS layer is also responsible for frame synchronization, error detection and correction, etc.

[0058] Data Link Layer:

[0059] The data link layer is located above the physical layer and provides point-to-point data transmission. The data link layer ensures the integrity and reliability of data by dividing the data into data frames and transmitting them reliably on the physical medium. The data link layer is also responsible for error detection and correction, flow control, and access control to ensure the effectiveness of multiple devices sharing the same physical media. The data link layer includes the logical link control (LLC) sublayer and the media access control (MAC) sublayer. The LLC sublayer provides an interface with the network layer and handles tasks such as encapsulation and decapsulation, flow control, and error handling between different network layer protocols; while the MAC sublayer controls the access rights to the shared media and determines the sending and receiving of data frames, and is responsible for physical address addressing and error detection; these two sublayers work together to implement the various functions of the data link layer and ensure reliable data transmission and reasonable media access. Optionally, the data link layer may also include a MAC controller, which may interact with the physical layer and is responsible for sending the data frame provided by the data link layer (LLC) to the physical medium and receiving the data frame received from the physical medium; and the MAC controller may decide when to send the data frame, how to detect conflicts, and how to resolve conflicts according to the rules of the media access control protocol used (such as CSMA / CD or CSMA / CA); the MAC controller is responsible for managing the physical address (MAC address) of the device, which is used to uniquely identify each device on the shared medium. It adds the destination address and source address to each data frame for accurate data delivery and identification of the source device; the MAC controller is also responsible for executing the lowest-level error detection and correction mechanism, such as the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) used in Ethernet. It can detect bit errors that may occur in the frame during transmission and request retransmission when necessary.

[0060] The physical layer and the data link layer communicate with each other via the media independent interface (MII) interface (also called media independent interface), but the communication interface used between the physical layer and the data link layer in different Ethernet protocols is different. Figure 1 As shown in the 802.3ab standard, 1000BASE-T technology uses the gigabit media independent interface (GMII); Figure 2 As shown, the 5GBASE-T technology defined in the IEEE 802.3bz standard uses XGMII, and the 2.5GBASE-T technology defined in the IEEE 802.3bz standard uses XGMII.

[0061] Network layer:

[0062] The network layer is responsible for logical addressing and routing functions. The presentation layer handles the transmission of data packets in the network, transmitting data from the source node to the destination node by selecting the best path. The network layer uses IP addresses for logical addressing and uses routing protocols (such as IP routing protocols) to determine the forwarding path of data packets. It also handles packet fragmentation and reassembly, congestion control, and maintaining interconnectivity between different networks.

[0063] Transport layer:

[0064] The transport layer is located above the network layer and provides end-to-end data transmission services. It ensures the reliability, integrity and sequential transmission of data. The most commonly used protocol in the transport layer is the transmission control protocol (TCP), which provides connection-oriented reliable data transmission. In addition, the user datagram protocol (UDP) also belongs to the transport layer, which provides connectionless transmission services and is suitable for applications with high real-time requirements.

[0065] Session layer:

[0066] The session layer is responsible for establishing, managing, and terminating sessions. A session is a communication session between two applications in a communication system. The session layer provides a mechanism to establish and synchronize communication sessions between different nodes. It also supports checkpoint and recovery functions for data exchange to ensure that it can recover to the previous state after a failure or interruption in communication.

[0067] Presentation layer:

[0068] The presentation layer handles the format and representation of data. The presentation layer is responsible for converting data into a format suitable for transmission to ensure compatibility and interpretability between different systems. The functions of the presentation layer include data compression, data encryption, data format conversion (and data description.

[0069] Application layer:

[0070] The application layer is the highest layer of the OSI model, providing user-oriented services and applications. It includes various network applications such as email, file transfer, remote login (Telnet), web browser (HTTP), domain name system (DNS), etc. The application layer interacts with users and transmits user requests to the underlying protocol stack for processing and transmission.

[0071] The following introduces technical solutions related to the embodiments of the present application.

[0072] Figure 3 A communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown, and the communication system includes device 1 and device 2. Device 1 and device 2 communicate with each other using any one of the communication modes of 10GBAES-T, 2.5GBASE-T, 5GBASE-T, and 1GBASE-T, so device 1 and device 2 are connected via twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C, and twisted pair D.

[0073] However, when one or more pairs of twisted pairs among twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C, and twisted pair D fail, device 1 and device 2 cannot continue to communicate using any of 10GBAES-T, 2.5GBASE-T, 5GBASE-T, or 1GBASE-T, and can only communicate using 100BASE-T or 10BASE-T, which will cause the communication rate between device 1 and device 2 to drop to 100Mbps or 10Mbps, and thus the rate of data transmission services between device 1 and device 2 will be greatly reduced, resulting in a poor user experience.

[0074] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method for improving the communication performance of Ethernet. In this method, a first device is connected to a second device via two pairs of twisted pairs or four pairs of twisted pairs. When the two pairs of twisted pairs are not faulty, the first device and the second device can inform each other that they support the variable speed communication mode, and then the two parties can negotiate to use the variable speed communication mode. In addition, the communication rate corresponding to the variable speed communication mode is less than the first communication rate corresponding to the communication mode using four pairs of twisted pairs, but greater than the first communication rate (e.g., 1 Gbps), so that the communication performance of the first device will not be significantly reduced when communicating with the second device using the variable speed communication mode.

[0075] The technical solution of the embodiments of the present application is described below with reference to specific drawings.

[0076] Figure 4A A communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown, the communication system includes a first device and a second device, and the first device and the second device are connected via two twisted pairs or four twisted pairs. The first device or the second device can be any electronic device with Ethernet communication capability, such as a server, a router, a switch, a network storage device, a network camera, and a video surveillance device.

[0077] based on Figure 4A The present application provides a communication method for a communication system. Figure 4B is a flow chart of the communication method, the method comprising:

[0078] S401: When two twisted pair cables are not faulty, the first device sends first information to the second device, where the first information is used to indicate that the first device supports the variable speed communication mode. Correspondingly, the second device receives the first information.

[0079] S402: The first device receives second information from the second device, where the second information is used to indicate that the second device supports the variable speed communication mode. Correspondingly, the second device sends the second information.

[0080] In S401-S402, when the two twisted pairs are not faulty, the first device and the second device can inform each other that they support the variable speed communication mode, so that the two parties can use the variable speed communication mode for data communication later. In this way, the first device and the second device implement the capability negotiation process between the two parties through the two twisted pairs. The two twisted pairs can be, for example, twisted pair A and twisted pair B, or the two twisted pairs can be, for example, twisted pair C and twisted pair D.

[0081] In an embodiment of the present application, the communication rate corresponding to the variable speed communication mode is less than the first communication rate corresponding to the first communication mode, and is greater than or equal to the second communication rate (that is, the communication rate corresponding to the communication mode using 2 pairs of twisted pairs in the prior art, such as 100Mbps, 10Mbps); the first communication mode is a communication mode using 4 pairs of twisted pairs, and these 4 pairs of twisted pairs can be, for example, twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C and twisted pair D.

[0082] In a possible implementation, the first communication mode may include but is not limited to any one of the following: 10GBASE-T full-duplex communication, 5GBASE-T full-duplex communication, 2.5GBASE-T full-duplex communication, or 1GBASE-T full-duplex communication. The first communication rate may be, for example, 1 Gbps.

[0083] Before the first device executes S401, if the first device and the second device are connected via four twisted pairs, the first device may perform fault detection (i.e., signal integrity detection) on the four twisted pairs. In a possible implementation, during fault detection, the four twisted pairs may be divided into a first group of twisted pairs and a second group of twisted pairs. The four twisted pairs include twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C, and twisted pair D, and the first group of twisted pairs may include twisted pair A and twisted pair B, and the second group of twisted pairs may include twisted pair C and twisted pair D. The first device may perform fault detection on the first group of twisted pairs within a first time window, and if the first group of twisted pairs is not faulty, determine the first group of twisted pairs as the above two pairs of twisted pairs; and perform fault detection on the second group of twisted pairs within a second time window, and if the second group of twisted pairs is not faulty, determine the second group of twisted pairs as the above two pairs of twisted pairs. The first time window is different from the second time window, the first time window includes one or more time periods, the second time window includes one or more time periods, but the time periods included in the first time window do not overlap with the time periods included in the second time window. In this way, the first device or the second device can avoid detection conflicts between the two groups of twisted pairs by performing fault detection on the first group of twisted pairs and the second group of twisted pairs in different time windows, for example, first detecting twisted pair A and twisted pair B, and then detecting twisted pair C and twisted pair D.

[0084] For example, Figure 5 As shown, the first device is used as the master device, the second device is used as the slave device, the first time window takes time period 1 and time period 3 as an example, and the second time window takes time period 2 and time period 4 as an example. The first device or the second device performs fault detection on the first group of twisted pair cables in time period 1 and time period 3, and the first device or the second device performs fault detection on the second group of twisted pair cables in time period 2 and time period 4. Specifically, the first device can determine whether the first group of twisted pair cables or the second group of twisted pair cables is faulty by testing whether the first group of twisted pair cables or the second group of twisted pair cables can receive a pulse signal. Among them, the following two situations are included when the twisted pair cables are faulty:

[0085] Case 1: The twisted pair is disconnected or open. That is, the twisted pair cable has been disconnected, and the communication link corresponding to the twisted pair is also disconnected. In this case, if the twisted pair can receive a pulse signal, it is considered that the twisted pair is not disconnected or open; if the twisted pair cannot receive a pulse signal, it is considered that the twisted pair is disconnected or open.

[0086] For example, the first group of twisted pairs or the second group of twisted pairs are disconnected; for another example, one or more twisted pairs in the first group of twisted pairs are disconnected; for another example, one or more twisted pairs in the second group of twisted pairs are disconnected.

[0087] Case 2: The channel quality of the twisted pair is poor. That is to say, the twisted pair is not disconnected or open, but the contact of the twisted pair is poor or the quality of the cable itself has deteriorated (due to aging, etc.), resulting in poor channel quality of the twisted pair, which in turn makes the twisted pair unable to support the communication rate corresponding to its current communication mode. In this case, if the twisted pair can only receive pulse signals with low signal strength, the channel quality of the twisted pair is considered to be poor; if the twisted pair can receive continuous pulse signals with high signal strength, the channel quality of the twisted pair is considered to be good.

[0088] For example, a first device and a second device are connected via four pairs of twisted pair cables, and the first device and the second device communicate using the 2.5GE mode. Two of the four pairs of twisted pair cables can only receive pulse signals with low signal strength, indicating that the channel quality of the two pairs of twisted pair cables is poor, and thus the first device and the second device cannot continue to communicate using the 2.5GE mode.

[0089] In an embodiment of the present application, the first device and the second device may inform each other that they support the variable speed communication mode. When both the first device and the second device support the variable speed communication mode, the first device and the second device may use the variable speed communication mode for data communication.

[0090] In a possible implementation, the first device may use N pairs of twisted pairs among the four pairs of twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in a variable speed communication mode, where N is a positive integer less than 4.

[0091] For example, when N=3, the four pairs of twisted pairs include twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C and twisted pair D, then the N pairs of twisted pairs can include any three of twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C or twisted pair D. Accordingly, the first device can use any three of twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C or twisted pair D to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode.

[0092] For example, when N=2, the 4 pairs of twisted pairs include twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C and twisted pair D, then the N pairs of twisted pairs can include any 2 of twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C or twisted pair D. Accordingly, the first device can use any 2 of twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C or twisted pair D to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode.

[0093] For example, when N=1, the 4 pairs of twisted pairs include twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C and twisted pair D, then the N pairs of twisted pairs can include any one of twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C or twisted pair D. Accordingly, the first device can use any one of twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C or twisted pair D to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode.

[0094] In this way, the number of twisted pair pairs required for the first device to communicate data with the second device in the variable speed communication mode is less than 4, so that the variable speed communication mode can be applied to various situations of twisted pair failure, thereby improving the reliability of Ethernet communication in various scenarios.

[0095] The first device determines the N pairs of twisted pairs that are not faulty from the four pairs of twisted pairs, which may include but is not limited to the following implementations:

[0096] In implementation mode 1, the first information is also used to indicate that the first device supports the first communication mode, and the second information is also used to indicate that the second device supports the first communication mode, and then the first device can use 4 twisted pairs to train the first communication mode. When the training of the first communication mode is successful for N twisted pairs among the 4 twisted pairs, but the training of the first communication mode for the twisted pairs other than the N twisted pairs among the 4 twisted pairs fails, the N twisted pairs are used to perform data communication with the second device in a variable speed communication mode. In this way, by using 4 twisted pairs to train the first communication mode, the N twisted pairs that are not faulty can be determined according to the training results of the first communication mode.

[0097] In implementation mode 2, the first device can perform fault detection (i.e., signal integrity detection) on the four twisted pair cables. When the N twisted pair cables are not faulty and the twisted pair cables other than the N twisted pair cables are faulty among the four twisted pair cables, the N twisted pair cables are used to perform data communication with the second device in a variable speed communication mode. In this way, by performing fault detection (i.e., signal integrity detection) on the four twisted pair cables, the N twisted pair cables that are not faulty can be determined.

[0098] As can be seen from the foregoing description, when a twisted pair fails, it includes that the twisted pair is disconnected or the channel quality of the twisted pair is poor. Correspondingly, when N pairs of twisted pairs are not faulty, it includes that N pairs of twisted pairs are not disconnected or the channel quality of N pairs of twisted pairs is good. Therefore, when N pairs of twisted pairs are not faulty, the first device uses N pairs of twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in a variable speed communication mode, including the following two situations:

[0099] In case 1, when the N twisted pair cables are not disconnected and the other twisted pair cables except the N twisted pair cables among the 4 twisted pair cables are disconnected, data communication is performed with the second device using the N twisted pair cables in a variable speed communication mode.

[0100] For example, N=3, 4 twisted pairs include A twisted pair, B twisted pair, C twisted pair and D twisted pair; N twisted pairs include A twisted pair, B twisted pair and D twisted pair, A twisted pair, B twisted pair and D twisted pair are not disconnected, but C twisted pair is disconnected, then the first device uses A twisted pair, B twisted pair and D twisted pair to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode; or, N twisted pairs include A twisted pair, B twisted pair and C twisted pair, A twisted pair, B twisted pair and C twisted pair are not disconnected, but D twisted pair is disconnected, then the first device uses A twisted pair, B twisted pair and C twisted pair to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode. The first device uses the A twisted pair, the C twisted pair, and the D twisted pair to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode; or, the N pairs of twisted pairs include the B twisted pair, the C twisted pair, and the D twisted pair, and the A twisted pair, the C twisted pair, and the D twisted pair are not disconnected, but the B twisted pair is disconnected, then the first device uses the B twisted pair, the C twisted pair, and the D twisted pair to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode.

[0101] For another example, N=2, and the four twisted-pair pairs include twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C, and twisted pair D; N twisted-pair pairs include twisted pair A and twisted pair B, twisted pair A and twisted pair B are not disconnected, and twisted pair C and twisted pair D are disconnected, then the first device uses twisted pair A and twisted pair B to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode; or, N twisted-pair pairs include twisted pair C and twisted pair D, twisted pair C and twisted pair D are not disconnected, but twisted pair A and twisted pair B are disconnected, then the first device uses twisted pair C and twisted pair D to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode; or, N twisted-pair pairs include twisted pair A and twisted pair C, twisted pair A and twisted pair C are not disconnected, but twisted pair B and twisted pair D are disconnected, then the first device uses twisted pair A and twisted pair C to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode. The first device uses twisted pair B and twisted pair D to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode; or, N pairs of twisted pairs include twisted pair B and twisted pair D, and twisted pair B and twisted pair D are not disconnected, but twisted pair A and twisted pair C are disconnected, then the first device uses twisted pair B and twisted pair D to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode; or, N pairs of twisted pairs include twisted pair A and twisted pair D, and twisted pair A and twisted pair D are not disconnected, but twisted pair B and twisted pair C are disconnected, then the first device uses twisted pair A and twisted pair D to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode; or, N pairs of twisted pairs include twisted pair B and twisted pair C, and twisted pair B and twisted pair C are not disconnected, but twisted pair A and twisted pair D are disconnected, then the first device uses twisted pair B and twisted pair C to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode.

[0102] For another example, N=1, and the four twisted-pair cables include twisted-pair A, twisted-pair B, twisted-pair C, and twisted-pair D; the N twisted-pair cables include twisted-pair A, which is not disconnected, and twisted-pair B, twisted-pair C, and twisted-pair D are disconnected, then the first device uses twisted-pair A to communicate data with the second device in a variable-speed communication mode; or the N twisted-pair cables include twisted-pair B, which is not disconnected, and twisted-pair A, twisted-pair C, and twisted-pair D are disconnected, then the first device uses twisted-pair B to communicate data with the second device in a variable-speed communication mode. The first device performs data communication with the second device in the variable speed communication mode by using the twisted pair C of the N twisted pair cables, which is not disconnected, and the twisted pair A, B, and D are disconnected; or, the first device performs data communication with the second device in the variable speed communication mode by using the twisted pair D of the N twisted pair cables, which is not disconnected, and the twisted pair A, B, and C are disconnected; or, the first device performs data communication with the second device in the variable speed communication mode by using the twisted pair D of the N twisted pair cables;

[0103] In case 2, when the four twisted pair cables are not disconnected and the N twisted pair cables have better channel quality among the four twisted pair cables, the N twisted pair cables are used to perform data communication with the second device in a variable speed communication mode.

[0104] For example, N=1, 4 twisted pairs include twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C, and twisted pair D; N twisted pairs include twisted pair D, the channel quality of twisted pair A, twisted pair B, and twisted pair C is poor, and the channel quality of twisted pair D is good, then the first device uses twisted pair D to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode; or N twisted pairs include twisted pair C, the channel quality of twisted pair A, twisted pair B, and twisted pair D is poor, and the channel quality of twisted pair C is good, then the first device uses twisted pair C to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode. The first device uses twisted pair A to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode; or, the N pairs of twisted pairs include twisted pair B, and the channel quality of twisted pair A, twisted pair D, twisted pair B, and twisted pair C is poor, and the channel quality of twisted pair A is good, then the first device uses twisted pair B to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode.

[0105] For another example, N=2, 4 twisted pairs include A twisted pair, B twisted pair, C twisted pair and D twisted pair; N twisted pairs include A twisted pair and B twisted pair, the channel quality of A twisted pair and B twisted pair is better, and the channel quality of C twisted pair and D twisted pair is worse, then the first device uses A twisted pair and B twisted pair to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode; or, N twisted pairs include C twisted pair and D twisted pair, the channel quality of C twisted pair and D twisted pair is better, but the channel quality of A twisted pair and B twisted pair is worse, then the first device uses C twisted pair and D twisted pair to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode; or, N twisted pairs include A twisted pair and C twisted pair, the channel quality of A twisted pair and C twisted pair is better, but the channel quality of B twisted pair and D twisted pair is worse, then the first device uses A twisted pair and C twisted pair to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode. The first device uses the B twisted pair and the D twisted pair to communicate data with the second device in the variable speed communication mode; or, the N pairs of twisted pairs include the A twisted pair and the D twisted pair, and the channel quality of the B twisted pair and the D twisted pair is good, but the channel quality of the A twisted pair and the C twisted pair is poor, then the first device uses the A twisted pair and the D twisted pair to communicate data with the second device in the variable speed communication mode; or, the N pairs of twisted pairs include the A twisted pair and the D twisted pair, and the channel quality of the A twisted pair and the D twisted pair is good, but the channel quality of the B twisted pair and the C twisted pair is poor, then the first device uses the A twisted pair and the D twisted pair to communicate data with the second device in the variable speed communication mode; or, the N pairs of twisted pairs include the B twisted pair and the C twisted pair, and the channel quality of the B twisted pair and the C twisted pair is good, but the channel quality of the A twisted pair and the D twisted pair is poor, then the first device uses the B twisted pair and the C twisted pair to communicate data with the second device in the variable speed communication mode.

[0106] For another example, N=3, and the four twisted-pair pairs include twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C, and twisted pair D; the N twisted-pair pairs include twisted pair A, twisted pair B, and twisted pair D, and the channel quality of twisted pair A, twisted pair B, and twisted pair D is good, but the channel quality of twisted pair C is poor, then the first device uses twisted pair A, twisted pair B, and twisted pair D to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode; or, the N twisted-pair pairs include twisted pair A, twisted pair B, and twisted pair C, and the channel quality of twisted pair A, twisted pair B, and twisted pair C is good, but the channel quality of twisted pair D is poor, then the first device uses twisted pair A, twisted pair B, and twisted pair C to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode. The first device uses A, C and D twisted pairs to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode; or, the N pairs of twisted pairs include B, C and D twisted pairs, and the channel qualities of B, C and D twisted pairs are good, but the channel quality of B twisted pair is poor, then the first device uses B, C and D twisted pairs to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode.

[0107] For ease of understanding, the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application is described in more detail below in combination with Examples 1 to 3. In Examples 1 to 3, N is 2 as an example, that is, the first device uses 2 pairs of twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in a variable speed communication mode.

[0108] Example 1:

[0109] like Figure 6 As shown, another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application includes the following process:

[0110] S601. A first device performs fault detection on four pairs of twisted pair cables.

[0111] As described above, the twisted pair cable failure includes a twisted pair cable disconnection or poor channel quality of the twisted pair cable.

[0112] In one case, the four pairs of wires include twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C, and twisted pair D. The first device can determine whether twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C, and twisted pair D are disconnected by testing whether they can receive pulse signals. If twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C, and twisted pair D can receive pulse signals, it is considered that twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C, and twisted pair D are not disconnected; if one or more pairs of twisted pairs among twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C, and twisted pair D cannot receive pulse signals, it is considered that the one or more pairs of twisted pairs are disconnected.

[0113] In another case, the four pairs of wires include twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C, and twisted pair D, and twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C, and twisted pair D can all receive pulse signals. The first device can determine the channel quality of twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C, and twisted pair D according to the signal quality of the pulse signals received by twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C, and twisted pair D. If the signal quality of the pulse signals received by twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C, and twisted pair D is good, it is considered that the channel quality of twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C, and twisted pair D is good; if one or more pairs of twisted pairs among twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C, and twisted pair D cannot receive pulse signals, it is considered that the channel quality of the one or more pairs of twisted pairs is poor.

[0114] S602: The first device determines whether twisted pair A and twisted pair B are faulty.

[0115] When twisted pair A and twisted pair B are not faulty, step S603a is executed, and the first device and the second device can use twisted pair A and twisted pair B to inform each other of the communication modes they support; when twisted pair A and twisted pair B are faulty, step S603b is executed.

[0116] S603a: The first device and the second device inform each other of the communication modes they support, where the communication modes include the variable speed communication mode and / or the first communication mode.

[0117] S603b: The first device determines whether twisted pair C and twisted pair D are faulty.

[0118] If twisted pair C and twisted pair D are not faulty, execute step S603a, and the first device and the second device can use twisted pair C and twisted pair D to inform each other of the communication modes they support; if twisted pair C and twisted pair D are faulty, execute step S601, and the first device re-detects faults on the four twisted pair cables.

[0119] S604: The first device determines whether both the first device and the second device support the first communication mode.

[0120] When both the first device and the second device support the first communication mode, execute S605; when neither the first device nor the second device supports the first communication mode, or when the first device or the second device does not support the first communication mode, the first device determines whether both the first device and the second device support the variable speed communication mode, and when both the first device and the second device support the variable speed communication mode, train the variable speed communication mode.

[0121] S605: The first device trains the first communication mode.

[0122] By training the first communication mode, the first device can determine an effective communication rate to maximize network performance and achieve reliable data transmission. For example, the first communication mode is 1GBASE-T full-duplex communication. After training 1GBASE-T full-duplex communication, the communication rate of the first device is 1 Gbps. For another example, the first communication mode is 2.5GBASE-T full-duplex communication. After training 2.5GBASE-T full-duplex communication, the communication rate of the first device is 2.5 Gbps. For another example, the first communication mode is 5GBASE-T full-duplex communication. After training 5GBASE-T full-duplex communication, the communication rate of the first device is 5 Gbps. For another example, the first communication mode is 10GBASE-T full-duplex communication. After training 10GBASE-T full-duplex communication, the communication rate of the first device is 10 Gbps.

[0123] S60S6. The first device determines whether the first communication mode is successfully trained.

[0124] When the first communication mode training is successful, S607a is executed; when the first communication mode training fails, the number of times the first communication mode training fails is counted, and when the number of times the first communication mode training fails is G times, S607b is executed. Wherein, G is an integer greater than or equal to 1. For example, G=1, that is, when the first device fails to train the first communication mode, the variable speed communication mode can be trained. For another example, G=2, that is, when the first device fails to train the first communication mode twice, the variable speed communication mode is trained.

[0125] S607a: The first device and the second device perform data communication using the first communication mode.

[0126] S607b: When the number of training failures in the first communication mode is G times, training is performed in the variable speed communication mode.

[0127] S608: The first device determines whether the variable speed communication mode is successfully trained.

[0128] Specifically, when the variable speed communication mode training is successful, S609 is executed; when the variable speed communication mode training fails, the first device can communicate with the second device in the second communication mode, and the communication rate corresponding to the second communication mode is less than the communication rate corresponding to the variable speed communication mode. For example, the communication rate corresponding to the first communication mode is 2.5 Gbps, and the variable speed communication mode is used for sampling 2 pairs of twisted pairs, then the communication rate corresponding to the variable speed communication mode can be 1.25 Gbps, and the second communication mode at this time can be 10MBASE-T full-duplex communication or 100MBASE-T full-duplex communication using 2 pairs of twisted pairs. Alternatively, when the variable speed communication mode training fails, the data communication process between the first device and the second device is terminated.

[0129] S609: The first device and the second device perform data communication in a variable speed communication mode.

[0130] Among them, when twisted pair A and twisted pair B are not faulty, the first device and the second device can use twisted pair A and twisted pair B to communicate data in a variable speed communication mode; or, when twisted pair C and twisted pair D are not faulty, the first device and the second device can use twisted pair C and twisted pair D to communicate data in a variable speed communication mode.

[0131] Example 2:

[0132] like Figure 7 As shown, another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application includes the following process:

[0133] S701. The first device performs fault detection on four pairs of twisted pair cables.

[0134] For a detailed description of S701, please refer to the relevant description of 601 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0135] S702: The first device determines whether twisted pair A and twisted pair B are faulty.

[0136] When twisted pair A and twisted pair B are not faulty, step S703a is executed, and the first device and the second device can use twisted pair A and twisted pair B to inform each other of the communication modes they support; when twisted pair A and twisted pair B are faulty, step S703b is executed.

[0137] S703a: The first device and the second device inform each other of the communication modes they support, where the communication modes include the variable speed communication mode and / or the first communication mode.

[0138] S703b: The first device determines whether twisted pair C and twisted pair D are faulty.

[0139] If twisted pair C and twisted pair D are not faulty, execute step S703a, and the first device and the second device can use twisted pair C and twisted pair D to inform each other of the communication modes they support; if twisted pair C and twisted pair D are faulty, execute step S701 and re-detect faults on the four twisted pair cables.

[0140] S704: The first device determines whether both the first device and the second device support the variable speed communication mode.

[0141] For a detailed description of S704, please refer to the related description of 604 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0142] S705: The first device performs fault detection on the C twisted pair and the D twisted pair, or the first device performs fault detection on the A twisted pair and the B twisted pair.

[0143] In one case, when it is determined that twisted pair A and twisted pair B are not faulty, twisted pair C and twisted pair D are detected for faults; if twisted pair C and twisted pair D are not faulty, execute S706a-S707a; or, if twisted pair C and twisted pair D are faulty, execute S706b-S707b; or, if twisted pair C and twisted pair D are not faulty, but the signal quality of twisted pair C and twisted pair D is poorer than the signal quality of twisted pair A and twisted pair B, then the first device uses twisted pair A and twisted pair B to train the variable speed communication mode, and when the training is successful, performs data communication with the second device in the variable speed communication mode.

[0144] In another case, when it is determined that twisted pair C and twisted pair D are not faulty, twisted pair A and twisted pair B are detected for faults; if twisted pair A and twisted pair B are not faulty, execute S706a-S707a; or, if twisted pair A and twisted pair B are faulty, execute S706b-S707b; or, if twisted pair A and twisted pair B are not faulty, but the signal quality of twisted pair A and twisted pair B is poorer than the signal quality of twisted pair C and twisted pair D, then the first device uses twisted pair C and twisted pair D to train the variable speed communication mode, and when the training is successful, performs data communication with the second device in the variable speed communication mode.

[0145] S706a: When twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C, and twisted pair D are not faulty, perform training on the first communication mode.

[0146] Specifically, the first device may use twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C, and twisted pair D to train the first communication mode.

[0147] S707a: When the training in the first communication mode succeeds, the first device and the second device perform data communication in the first communication mode.

[0148] Specifically, the first device may use twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C, and twisted pair D to perform data communication with the second device in a first communication mode.

[0149] S706b: When twisted pair A and twisted pair B are not faulty, or twisted pair C and twisted pair D are not faulty, training is performed on the variable speed communication mode.

[0150] In one case, the first device may use twisted pair A and twisted pair B to train a variable speed communication mode.

[0151] In another case, the first device may use twisted pair C and twisted pair D to train the variable speed communication mode.

[0152] S707b: When the variable speed communication mode training is successful, the first device and the second device perform data communication in the variable speed communication mode.

[0153] In one case, the first device may use twisted pair A and twisted pair B to perform data communication with the second device in a variable speed communication mode.

[0154] In another case, the first device may use the twisted pair C and the twisted pair D to perform data communication with the second device in a variable speed communication mode.

[0155] Example 3:

[0156] like Figure 8 As shown, another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application includes the following process:

[0157] S801. The first device performs fault detection on four pairs of twisted pair cables.

[0158] For a detailed description of S801, please refer to the relevant description of 601 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0159] S802: The first device determines whether twisted pair A and twisted pair B are faulty.

[0160] When twisted pair A and twisted pair B are not faulty, step S803a is executed, and the first device and the second device can use twisted pair A and twisted pair B to inform each other of the communication modes they support; when twisted pair A and twisted pair B are faulty, step S803b is executed.

[0161] S803a: The first device and the second device inform each other of the communication modes they support, where the communication modes include the variable speed communication mode and / or the first communication mode.

[0162] S803b: The first device determines whether twisted pair C and twisted pair D are faulty.

[0163] If twisted pair C and twisted pair D are not faulty, execute step S803a, and the first device and the second device can use twisted pair C and twisted pair D to inform each other of the communication modes they support; if twisted pair C and twisted pair D are faulty, execute step S801 and re-detect faults on the four twisted pair cables.

[0164] S804: Whether the first device successfully trains the first communication mode using twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C, and twisted pair D.

[0165] When the first communication mode training is successful, execute S805a; when the first communication mode training fails, execute S805b;

[0166] S805a: The first device and the second device perform data communication using the first communication mode.

[0167] Specifically, the first device and the second device use twisted pair A, twisted pair B, twisted pair C, and twisted pair D to perform data communication in a first communication mode.

[0168] S805b: The first device performs training on the variable speed communication mode.

[0169] In one case, when twisted pair A and twisted pair B successfully train the first communication mode, but twisted pair C and twisted pair D fail to train the first communication mode, the first device uses twisted pair A and twisted pair B to train the variable speed communication mode.

[0170] In another case, when twisted pair A and twisted pair B fail to train the first communication mode, but twisted pair C and twisted pair D succeed in training the first communication mode, the first device uses twisted pair C and twisted pair D to train the variable speed communication mode.

[0171] S806: When the variable speed communication mode training is successful, the first device and the second device perform data communication in the variable speed communication mode.

[0172] In one case, the first device uses the A twisted pair and the B twisted pair to train the variable speed communication mode, and the variable speed communication mode is successful, and the first device and the second device use the A twisted pair and the B twisted pair to perform data communication in the variable speed communication mode.

[0173] In another case, the first device uses the C twisted pair and the D twisted pair to train the variable speed communication mode, and the variable speed communication mode is successful, and the first device and the second device use the C twisted pair and the D twisted pair to perform data communication in the variable speed communication mode.

[0174] It should be understood that in the above examples 1 to 3, the second device may also execute the same process as that executed by the first device to implement training of the variable speed communication mode and / or the first communication mode.

[0175] In the embodiment of the present application, when the first device and the second device use the variable speed communication mode for data communication, the physical layers of the first device and the second device both operate in the variable speed communication mode. Specifically, the PCS and PMA in the physical layer both operate in the variable speed communication mode.

[0176] Example 1: Figure 9A-9B As shown, the first communication mode takes 2.5GBASE-T full-duplex communication as an example, and the variable speed communication mode can be 2.5GBASE-T variable speed full-duplex communication. 2.5GBASE-T full-duplex communication is a communication mode using 4 twisted pair cables, and accordingly, 2.5GBASE-T variable speed full-duplex communication can be a communication mode using 3 twisted pair cables, or a communication mode using 2 twisted pair cables, or a communication mode using 1 twisted pair cable.

[0177] Case 1, such as Fig.9A As shown, if the first device and the second device use twisted pair A, twisted pair B, and twisted pair C (i.e., use three pairs of twisted pairs) to perform data communication in 2.5GBASE-T variable speed full-duplex communication mode, the communication rate corresponding to the 2.5GBASE-T variable speed full-duplex communication mode is 1875Mbps. Accordingly, the PMA in the physical layer of the first device and the PMA in the physical layer of the second device use twisted pair A, twisted pair B, and twisted pair C to perform data communication at a communication rate of 1875Mbps.

[0178] Case 2, such as Fig.9A As shown, if the first device and the second device use twisted pair A and twisted pair B (i.e., use two pairs of twisted pairs) to perform data communication in 2.5GBASE-T variable speed full-duplex communication mode, the communication rate corresponding to the 2.5GBASE-T variable speed full-duplex communication mode is 1.25 Gbps. Accordingly, the PMA in the physical layer of the first device and the PMA in the physical layer of the second device communicate with each other using twisted pair A and twisted pair B at a communication rate of 1.25 Gbps.

[0179] Case 3, such as Fig. 9C As shown, if the first device and the second device use A twisted pair (i.e., use 1 pair of twisted pair) to perform data communication in 2.5GBASE-T variable speed full-duplex communication mode, the communication rate corresponding to 2.5GBASE-T variable speed full-duplex communication mode is 625Mbps. Accordingly, the PMA in the physical layer of the first device and the PMA in the physical layer of the second device use A twisted pair to perform data communication at a communication rate of 625Mbps, and the first device and the second device also use A twisted pair to communicate at a communication rate of 625Mbps.

[0180] Example 2: If Figure 10A-10B As shown, the first communication mode takes 5GBASE-T full-duplex communication as an example, and the variable speed communication mode can be 5GBASE-T variable speed full-duplex communication. 5GBASE-T full-duplex communication is a communication mode using 4 twisted pair cables, and accordingly, 5GBASE-T variable speed full-duplex communication can be a communication mode using 3 twisted pair cables, or a communication mode using 2 twisted pair cables, or a communication mode using 1 twisted pair cable.

[0181] Case 1, such as Fig. 10AAs shown, if the first device and the second device use twisted pair A, twisted pair B, and twisted pair C (i.e., use 3 pairs of twisted pairs) to perform data communication in 5GBASE-T variable speed full-duplex communication mode, the communication rate corresponding to the 5GBASE-T variable speed full-duplex communication mode is 3.75 Gbps. Accordingly, the PMA in the physical layer of the first device and the PMA in the physical layer of the second device communicate with each other using twisted pair A, twisted pair B, and twisted pair C at a communication rate of 3.75 Gbps.

[0182] Case 2, such as Fig. 10A As shown, if the first device and the second device use twisted pair A and twisted pair B (i.e., use two pairs of twisted pairs) to perform data communication in 5GBASE-T variable speed full-duplex communication mode, the communication rate corresponding to the 5GBASE-T variable speed full-duplex communication mode is 2.5 Gbps. Accordingly, the PMA in the physical layer of the first device and the PMA in the physical layer of the second device also use twisted pair A and twisted pair B to communicate at a communication rate of 2.5 Gbps.

[0183] Case 3, such as Fig. 10C As shown, if the first device and the second device use A twisted pair (i.e., use 1 pair of twisted pair) to perform data communication in 5GBASE-T variable speed full-duplex communication mode, the communication rate corresponding to 5GBASE-T variable speed full-duplex communication mode is 1.25 Gbps. Accordingly, the PMA in the physical layer of the first device and the PMA in the physical layer of the second device communicate with each other using A twisted pair at a communication rate of 1.25 Gbps.

[0184] Example 3: Figure 11A-11B As shown, the first communication mode takes 10GBASE-T full-duplex communication as an example, and the variable speed communication mode can be 10GBASE-T variable speed full-duplex communication. 10GBASE-T full-duplex communication is a communication mode using 4 twisted pair cables, and accordingly, 10GBASE-T variable speed full-duplex communication can be a communication mode using 3 twisted pair cables, or a communication mode using 2 twisted pair cables, or a communication mode using 1 twisted pair cable.

[0185] Case 1, such as Fig.11A As shown, if the first device and the second device use twisted pair A, twisted pair B, and twisted pair C (i.e., use 3 pairs of twisted pairs) to perform data communication in 10GBASE-T variable speed full-duplex communication mode, the communication rate corresponding to the 10GBASE-T variable speed full-duplex communication mode is 7.5 Gbps. Accordingly, the PMA in the physical layer of the first device and the PMA in the physical layer of the second device communicate with each other using twisted pair A, twisted pair B, and twisted pair C at a communication rate of 7.5 Gbps.

[0186] Case 2, such as Fig.11A As shown, if the first device and the second device use twisted pair A and twisted pair B (i.e., use two pairs of twisted pairs) to perform data communication in 10GBASE-T variable speed full-duplex communication mode, the communication rate corresponding to the 10GBASE-T variable speed full-duplex communication mode is 5 Gbps. Accordingly, the PMA in the physical layer of the first device and the PMA in the physical layer of the second device communicate with each other using twisted pair A and twisted pair B at a communication rate of 5 Gbps.

[0187] Case 3, such as Fig. 11C As shown, if the first device and the second device use A twisted pair (i.e., use 1 twisted pair) to perform data communication in 10GBASE-T variable speed full-duplex communication mode, the communication rate corresponding to 10GBASE-T variable speed full-duplex communication mode is 2.5 Gbps. Accordingly, the PMA in the physical layer of the first device and the PMA in the physical layer of the second device communicate with each other using A twisted pair at a communication rate of 2.5 Gbps.

[0188] The types and / or quantities of twisted pairs used in the variable speed communication mode in Examples 1 to 3 above are merely examples and are not limitations on the types and / or quantities of twisted pairs used in the variable speed communication mode in the embodiments of the present application. In other possible embodiments, the first device and the second device may use more twisted pairs to perform data communication in the variable speed communication mode.

[0189] In the embodiment of the present application, the chip where the physical layer of the first device is located and the chip where the data link layer of the first device is located use a medium-independent interface to communicate, and the communication rate of the medium-independent interface is less than or equal to the communication rate corresponding to the variable speed communication mode. In this way, when the physical layer of the first device and the data link layer of the first device are deployed on two different chips, the two chips can communicate through the medium-independent interface.

[0190] For example, Fig. 12A As shown, the variable speed communication mode takes the variable speed communication mode of 2.5GBASE-T as an example. When the physical layer of the first device is deployed on an Ethernet physical layer (PHY) chip and the data link layer of the first device is deployed on a system on chip (SystemOn Chip, SOC), the PHY chip and the SOC can use the GMII interface for connection and communication. The communication rate corresponding to the GMII interface can be, for example, 1Gbps.

[0191] When the physical layer of the first device is deployed on the PHY chip, the actual communication rate of the PHY chip is determined by the communication rate corresponding to the GMII interface and the communication rate corresponding to the variable speed communication mode. In one possible case, the actual communication rate of the PHY chip is the smaller of the communication rate corresponding to the GMII interface and the communication rate corresponding to the variable speed communication mode. For example, the communication rate corresponding to the GMII interface is 1 Gbps, and the communication rate corresponding to the variable speed communication mode is 1.25 Gbps. Since 1 Gbps<1.25 Gbps, the actual communication rate of the PHY chip is 1 Gbps.

[0192] For example, Fig. 12B As shown, the variable speed communication mode takes the variable speed communication mode of 5GBASE-T as an example. When the physical layer of the first device is deployed in the PHY chip and the data link layer of the first device is deployed in the SOC, the PHY chip and the SOC can use the XGMII interface for connection and communication. The communication rate corresponding to the XGMII interface can be 3Gbps, for example.

[0193] Based on the same technical concept as the above communication method, the present application embodiment also provides a communication device. Fig.13 As shown, the communication device 1300 is deployed on the first device, and the first device is connected to the second device via N pairs of twisted pairs; the communication device 1300 includes a communication unit 1301, which is used to send first information to the second device when two pairs of twisted pairs are not faulty, and the first information is used to indicate that the first device supports the variable speed communication mode; wherein the communication rate corresponding to the variable speed communication mode is less than the first communication rate corresponding to the first communication mode, and is greater than or equal to the second communication rate; the first communication mode is a communication mode using four pairs of twisted pairs; and the communication unit 1301 is also used to receive second information from the second device, and the second information is used to indicate that the second device supports the variable speed communication mode.

[0194] In a possible implementation, the communication unit 1301 is further configured to: perform data communication with the second device in a variable speed communication mode.

[0195] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1301 is used to perform data communication with the second device in a variable speed communication mode, including: the communication unit 1301 uses N pairs of twisted pairs among the 4 pairs of twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in a variable speed communication mode; wherein N is a positive integer less than 4.

[0196] In one possible implementation, the first information is also used to characterize that the first device supports the first communication mode, and the second information is also used to characterize that the second device supports the first communication mode; the communication device 1300 also includes a processing unit 1302, and the processing unit 1302 is used to train the first communication mode using 4 pairs of twisted pairs; the communication unit 1301 uses N pairs of twisted pairs among the 4 pairs of twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in a variable speed communication mode, including: when the training of the first communication mode of the N pairs of twisted pairs is successful, and the training of the first communication mode of the twisted pairs other than the N pairs of twisted pairs among the 4 pairs of twisted pairs fails, the communication unit 1301 uses the N pairs of twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in a variable speed communication mode.

[0197] In one possible implementation, the communication device 1300 also includes a detection unit 1303, which is used to perform fault detection on the four pairs of twisted pairs; the communication unit 1301 uses N pairs of twisted pairs among the four pairs of twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in a variable speed communication mode, including: when the N pairs of twisted pairs are not faulty and the twisted pairs other than the N pairs of twisted pairs among the four pairs of twisted pairs are faulty, the communication unit 1301 uses the N pairs of twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in a variable speed communication mode.

[0198] In a possible implementation manner, the N twisted pair cables not failing includes the N twisted pair cables not being disconnected, or the N twisted pair cables being twisted pair cables with better channel quality among the four twisted pair cables.

[0199] In one possible implementation, the first information is also used to characterize that the first device supports the first communication mode, and the second information is also used to characterize that the second device supports the first communication mode; the communication device 1300 also includes a processing unit 1302, and the processing unit 1302 is used to use 4 pairs of twisted pairs to train the first communication mode; the communication unit 1301 uses N pairs of twisted pairs among the 4 pairs of twisted pairs to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode, including: when the number of failures in training the first communication mode of the 4 pairs of twisted pairs reaches G times, the communication unit 1301 uses N pairs of twisted pairs to communicate data with the second device in a variable speed communication mode; wherein G is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0200] In one possible implementation, the four pairs of twisted pairs include a first group of twisted pairs and a second group of twisted pairs, the first group of twisted pairs includes twisted pair A and twisted pair B, and the second group of twisted pairs includes twisted pair C and twisted pair D; the communication device 1300 also includes a detection unit 1303, and the detection unit 1303 is further used to: perform fault detection on the first group of twisted pairs within a first time window, and if the first group of twisted pairs is not faulty, determine the first group of twisted pairs as two pairs of twisted pairs; or, perform fault detection on the second group of twisted pairs within a second time window, and if the second group of twisted pairs is not faulty, determine the second group of twisted pairs as two pairs of twisted pairs; wherein the first time window is different from the second time window.

[0201] In a possible implementation, the chip where the physical layer of the first device is located and the chip where the data link layer is located communicate using a medium-independent interface, and the communication rate of the medium-independent interface is less than or equal to the communication rate corresponding to the variable speed communication mode.

[0202] In a possible implementation manner, the first communication mode includes any one of the following: 10GBASE-T full-duplex communication, 5GBASE-T full-duplex communication, 2.5GBASE-T full-duplex communication, or 1GBASE-T full-duplex communication.

[0203] It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiments of the present application is schematic and is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into a processing unit, or may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0204] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the integrated unit can be stored in a storage medium as a computer software product, including several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or a processor to perform all or part of the steps of the various embodiments of the present application.

[0205] Based on the same technical concept, the embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device 1400, which is used for the method in the above embodiment. The electronic device 1400 can be the above first device or the second device.

[0206] like Fig.14 As shown, the electronic device 1400 may include a processor 1401 for executing a program or instruction stored in a memory 1402. When the program or instruction stored in the memory 1402 is executed, the processor is used to execute the method in the above embodiment.

[0207] Optionally, the electronic device 1400 may further include a communication interface 1403. Fig.14 The dashed lines indicate that the communication interface 1403 is optional for the electronic device 1400 .

[0208] Among them, the number of processors 1401, memories 1402 and communication interfaces 1403 does not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application, and during specific implementation, they can be arbitrarily configured according to business requirements.

[0209] Optionally, the memory 1402 is located outside the electronic device 1400 .

[0210] Optionally, the electronic device 1400 includes the memory 1402, the memory 1402 is connected to the at least one processor 1401, and the memory 1402 stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor 1401. Fig.14 The dashed lines indicate that the memory 1402 is optional for the electronic device 1400 .

[0211] The processor 1401 and the memory 1402 may be coupled via an interface circuit or may be integrated together, which is not limited here.

[0212] The specific connection medium between the processor 1401, the memory 1402 and the communication interface 1403 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. Fig.14 In the embodiment, the processor 1401, the memory 1402 and the communication interface 1403 are connected via a bus 1404. Fig.14 The connections between the other components are shown in bold lines, which are only for illustration and are not intended to be limiting. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Fig.14 Only one thick line is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0213] It should be understood that the processor mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented by hardware or by software. When implemented by hardware, the processor can be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, etc. When implemented by software, the processor can be a general-purpose processor implemented by reading software code stored in a memory.

[0214] Exemplarily, the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc.

[0215] It should be understood that the memory mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM) and direct memory bus random access memory (DirectRambus RAM, DR RAM).

[0216] It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) can be integrated into the processor.

[0217] It should be noted that the memory described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0218] An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, including a first device and a second device, and the first device and the second device can implement the communication method of the above method embodiment.

[0219] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a computer, the communication method of the above method embodiment is implemented.

[0220] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which implements the communication method of the above method embodiment when executed by a computer.

[0221] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented by software, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function according to the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer may be the above communication device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium may be the above storage medium or the above memory.

[0222] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the composition and steps of each example have been generally described in terms of function in the above description. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0223] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0224] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic, for example, the division of units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, or can be electrical, mechanical or other forms of connection.

[0225] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of the present application.

[0226] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0227] Through the description of the above embodiments, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the present application can be implemented in hardware, firmware, or a combination thereof. When implemented in software, the above functions can be stored in a computer-readable medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or codes on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media, wherein the communication media include any media that facilitates the transmission of a computer program from one place to another. The storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access.

[0228] In short, the above are only embodiments of the technical solution of this application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of this application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the principles of this application should be included in the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that: Applied to a first device, the first device is connected to a second device via two twisted pair cables or four twisted pair cables; the method comprises: When the two pairs of twisted pairs are not faulty, first information is sent to the second device, wherein the first information is used to indicate that the first device supports a variable-speed communication mode; wherein a communication rate corresponding to the variable-speed communication mode is less than a first communication rate corresponding to the first communication mode, and is greater than or equal to a second communication rate; and the first communication mode is a communication mode using the four pairs of twisted pairs; Second information is received from the second device, where the second information is used to indicate that the second device supports the variable speed communication mode.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: Data communication is performed with the second device in the variable speed communication mode.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Performing data communication with the second device in the variable speed communication mode includes: Use N pairs of twisted pairs among the four pairs of twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in the variable speed communication mode; wherein N is a positive integer less than 4.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The first information is further used to indicate that the first device supports the first communication mode, and the second information is further used to indicate that the second device supports the first communication mode; The method further comprises: using the four pairs of twisted pairs to train the first communication mode; Using N pairs of twisted pairs among the four pairs of twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in the variable speed communication mode, including: when the training of the N pairs of twisted pairs to the first communication mode is successful, and the training of the twisted pairs among the four pairs of twisted pairs except the N pairs of twisted pairs to the first communication mode fails, using the N pairs of twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in the variable speed communication mode.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The method further comprises: performing fault detection on the four pairs of twisted pairs; Using N pairs of twisted pairs among the four pairs of twisted pairs to communicate data with the second device in the variable speed communication mode, including: when the N pairs of twisted pairs are not faulty and twisted pairs other than the N pairs of twisted pairs among the four pairs of twisted pairs are faulty, using the N pairs of twisted pairs to communicate data with the second device in the variable speed communication mode.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The N pairs of twisted pairs not failing include the N pairs of twisted pairs not being disconnected, or the N pairs of twisted pairs being twisted pairs with better channel quality among the four pairs of twisted pairs.

7. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The first information is further used to indicate that the first device supports the first communication mode, and the second information is further used to indicate that the second device supports the first communication mode; The method further comprises: using the four pairs of twisted pairs to train the first communication mode; Using N pairs of twisted pair cables among the four pairs of twisted pair cables to perform data communication with the second device in the variable speed communication mode, including: when the number of training failures in the first communication mode reaches G times, using the N pairs of twisted pair cables to perform data communication with the second device in the variable speed communication mode; wherein G is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The four pairs of twisted pairs include a first group of twisted pairs and a second group of twisted pairs, the first group of twisted pairs includes twisted pair A and twisted pair B, and the second group of twisted pairs includes twisted pair C and twisted pair D; The method further comprises: Performing fault detection on the first group of twisted pairs within a first time window, and if the first group of twisted pairs is not faulty, determining the first group of twisted pairs as the two pairs of twisted pairs; or, Performing fault detection on the second group of twisted pair cables within a second time window, and if the second group of twisted pair cables is not faulty, determining the second group of twisted pair cables as the two pairs of twisted pair cables; The first time window is different from the second time window.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that The method further comprises: The chip where the physical layer of the first device is located and the chip where the data link layer is located communicate using a medium-independent interface, and the communication rate of the medium-independent interface is less than or equal to the communication rate corresponding to the variable speed communication mode.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The first communication mode includes any one of the following: 10GBASE-T full-duplex communication, 5GBASE-T full-duplex communication, 2.5GBASE-T full-duplex communication, or 1GBASE-T full-duplex communication.

11. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device is deployed on a first device, and the first device is connected to a second device via two twisted pair cables or four twisted pair cables; the device includes a communication unit; The communication unit is used to send first information to the second device when the two pairs of twisted pairs are not faulty, and the first information is used to indicate that the first device supports a variable speed communication mode; wherein the communication rate corresponding to the variable speed communication mode is less than the first communication rate corresponding to the first communication mode, and is greater than or equal to the second communication rate; and the first communication mode is a communication mode using the four pairs of twisted pairs; The communication unit is further used to receive second information from the second device, where the second information is used to indicate that the second device supports the variable speed communication mode.

12. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that The communication unit is further used for: Data communication is performed with the second device in the variable speed communication mode.

13. The device according to claim 12, characterized in that The communication unit is used to perform data communication with the second device in the variable speed communication mode, including: The communication unit uses N pairs of twisted pairs among the four pairs of twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in the variable speed communication mode; wherein N is a positive integer less than 4.

14. The device according to claim 13, characterized in that The first information is further used to indicate that the first device supports the first communication mode, and the second information is further used to indicate that the second device supports the first communication mode; The device further includes a processing unit, the processing unit being configured to train the first communication mode using the four pairs of twisted pairs; The communication unit uses N pairs of twisted pairs among the four pairs of twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in the variable speed communication mode, including: when the training of the N pairs of twisted pairs to the first communication mode is successful, and the training of the twisted pairs among the four pairs of twisted pairs except the N pairs of twisted pairs to the first communication mode fails, the communication unit uses the N pairs of twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in the variable speed communication mode.

15. The device according to claim 13, characterized in that The device further comprises a detection unit, wherein the detection unit is used to perform fault detection on the four pairs of twisted pairs; The communication unit uses N pairs of twisted pairs among the four pairs of twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in the variable speed communication mode, including: when the N pairs of twisted pairs are not faulty and twisted pairs other than the N pairs of twisted pairs among the four pairs of twisted pairs are faulty, the communication unit uses the N pairs of twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in the variable speed communication mode.

16. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that The N pairs of twisted pairs not failing include the N pairs of twisted pairs not being disconnected, or the N pairs of twisted pairs being twisted pairs with better channel quality among the four pairs of twisted pairs.

17. The device according to claim 13, characterized in that The first information is further used to indicate that the first device supports the first communication mode, and the second information is further used to indicate that the second device supports the first communication mode; The device further includes a processing unit, the processing unit being configured to train the first communication mode using the four pairs of twisted pairs; The communication unit uses N pairs of twisted pairs among the four pairs of twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in the variable speed communication mode, including: when the number of failures of the four pairs of twisted pairs to train the first communication mode reaches G times, the communication unit uses the N pairs of twisted pairs to perform data communication with the second device in the variable speed communication mode; Wherein G is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

18. The device according to any one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that The four pairs of twisted pairs include a first group of twisted pairs and a second group of twisted pairs, the first group of twisted pairs includes twisted pair A and twisted pair B, and the second group of twisted pairs includes twisted pair C and twisted pair D; The device further comprises a detection unit, wherein the detection unit is configured to: Performing fault detection on the first group of twisted pair cables within a first time window, and if the first group of twisted pair cables is not faulty, determining the first group of twisted pair cables as the two pairs of twisted pair cables; or, Performing fault detection on the second group of twisted pair cables within a second time window, and if the second group of twisted pair cables is not faulty, determining the second group of twisted pair cables as the two pairs of twisted pair cables; The first time window is different from the second time window.

19. The device according to any one of claims 11 to 18, characterized in that The chip where the physical layer of the first device is located and the chip where the data link layer is located communicate using a medium-independent interface, and the communication rate of the medium-independent interface is less than or equal to the communication rate corresponding to the variable speed communication mode.

20. The device according to any one of claims 11 to 19, characterized in that The first communication mode includes any one of the following: 10GBASE-T full-duplex communication, 5GBASE-T full-duplex communication, 2.5GBASE-T full-duplex communication, or 1GBASE-T full-duplex communication.

21. A communication device, characterized in that: It includes a processor and a communication interface, wherein: The communication interface is used to receive and send data; The processor is coupled to the memory, and is configured to execute a computer program stored in the memory, so that the apparatus performs the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

22. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The invention comprises a computer program, which, when being run on a computer, enables the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10 to be performed.

23. A computer program product, characterized in that The invention comprises a computer program which, when being run on a computer, causes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10 to be performed.

24. A communication system, characterized in that: The method comprises a first device and a second device for executing the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10; wherein the first device is connected to the second device via two twisted pair cables or four twisted pair cables.

25. A chip system, characterized in that: The chip system comprises: A processor and a memory, wherein the processor is coupled to the memory, and the memory is used to store programs or instructions. When the programs or instructions are executed by the processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is implemented.

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