Single-chip dual-frequency wireless communication system

Abstract

The invention relates to a single-chip dual-frequency wireless communication system, which comprises an electronic tag module, a read-write equipment module, a middleware module and a dynamic spectrum module, and is characterized in that the electronic tag module is an information carrier of an identified object and is internally provided with a single chip to support dual-frequency communication; the read-write equipment module is used for initiating communication with the electronic tag module and transmitting and receiving signals; the middleware module is used for preprocessing the electronic tag data collected by the read-write equipment module; and the dynamic spectrum module is used for dynamically adjusting the communication frequency between the electronic tag module and the read-write equipment module. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the method can adapt to different frequency ranges, equipment configuration and deployment are simplified, and stable and reliable communication is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and in particular to a single-chip dual-frequency wireless communication system. Background Art

[0002] Cable equipment is an important part of communication and power supply, and is closely related to human social life. With the development of economy and technology, production costs continue to decrease, the use of cables is becoming more and more common, and the cable management work is becoming increasingly heavy. The power department needs to manage and maintain it effectively and systematically. The emergence and development of RFID technology can quickly identify cables, record their detailed information, and realize information-based and intelligent management and inspection of cables.

[0003] However, the existing dual-frequency wireless communication still has certain defects. The existing dual-frequency wireless communication high-voltage cables and other underground pipeline lines are put into operation more and more, and the urban underground space resources are limited. The contradiction between the two is becoming increasingly prominent. The on-site use environment of the cables is usually relatively harsh, which brings certain troubles to daily inspections. Power accidents are often uncontrollable and it is difficult to clarify the responsibility, causing great losses to relevant departments and users. The production data of the original physical ID electronic identification is inflexible, the re-signing management is inconvenient, the operation and maintenance means are not convenient, and the communication frequency cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the distance in real time. Therefore, it is urgent to propose a single-chip dual-frequency wireless communication system. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a single-chip dual-frequency wireless communication system that adapts to different frequency ranges, simplifies equipment configuration and deployment, and ensures stable and reliable communication.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A single-chip dual-frequency wireless communication system includes an electronic tag module, a read-write device module, a middleware module and a dynamic spectrum module. The electronic tag module is an information carrier of an identified object and has a built-in single chip to support dual-frequency communication.

[0007] The reader / writer module is used to initiate communication with the electronic tag module to transmit and receive signals;

[0008] The middleware module is used to pre-process the electronic tag data collected by the reading and writing device module;

[0009] The dynamic spectrum module is used to dynamically adjust the communication frequency between the electronic tag module and the reader / writer device module.

[0010] Furthermore, the dynamic spectrum module estimates the distance between the reading and writing device module and the electronic tag module according to the time difference between the signal emitted by the reading and writing device module and the signal returned by the electronic tag module, and collects interference level data by scanning the working frequency band through the reading and writing device module;

[0011] According to the distance between the read-write device module and the electronic tag module, interference level data and communication requirements, the optimal communication frequency is obtained by iterative water filling algorithm, so that the middleware module sends a frequency switching instruction to the electronic tag module through the read-write device module. After receiving the instruction, the electronic tag module automatically adjusts the internal circuit to switch to the optimal communication frequency for communication between the electronic tag module and the read-write device module.

[0012] Furthermore, the process of acquiring the optimal communication frequency includes:

[0013] Assume a set of available frequency candidate pools as Ω = {f1, f2, ..., f n}, where f i is the i-th candidate frequency;

[0014] Score calculation is performed for each candidate frequency, and the corresponding calculation expression is:

[0015] Score(f i )=w1·Q i +w2·d i +w3·I i

[0016] In the formula, Score(f i ) is the candidate frequency f i Rating, Q i is the signal quality of the i-th candidate frequency, d i is the distance between the reader module and the electronic tag module at the i-th candidate frequency, I i is the interference level of the i-th candidate frequency, w1, w2, w3 represent the weight coefficients respectively;

[0017] The optimal communication frequency is selected based on the scores of each candidate frequency.

[0018] Furthermore, the iterative water filling algorithm combines the maximum power budget to select the optimal communication frequency, and the corresponding calculation expression is:

[0019] f new = arg max f′∈Ω [min(α·Score(f′), P max -∑ f″ P(f″))]

[0020] In the formula, fnew is the optimal communication frequency, α is the adjustment coefficient, P max is the maximum power budget, P(f″) is the frequency, f″ is the power, f′ is the candidate frequency, and f″ is the current operating frequency of the electronic tag module.

[0021] Furthermore, the calculation expression of the distance between the reading and writing device module and the electronic tag module is:

[0022] d=c·Δt / 2

[0023] Where d is the distance between the reader module and the electronic tag module, c is the speed of light, and Δt is the time difference.

[0024] Furthermore, the electronic tag module is an RFID tag.

[0025] Furthermore, the RFID tag realizes data transmission by spatially coupling with the reading and writing device module through radio frequency signals, and the spatial coupling method includes inductive coupling and electromagnetic backscatter coupling.

[0026] Furthermore, the inductive coupling method realizes coupling through a spatial alternating magnetic field, and is suitable for data transmission with a working distance of less than 1 m.

[0027] Furthermore, the electromagnetic backscatter coupling method is based on the spatial propagation law of electromagnetic waves. It transmits electromagnetic waves, which are reflected after hitting the target, and receives electromagnetic waves that carry back the target information to achieve data transmission. It is suitable for data transmission within a range of 1-10m.

[0028] Furthermore, the system also includes an application system module, which is connected to the middleware module and is used to receive the electronic tag data preprocessed by the middleware module.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0030] (1) The present invention realizes support for dual-frequency communication through a single-chip design, that is, the same RFID tag can adapt to different frequency ranges, greatly improving the compatibility and applicability of the system and simplifying device configuration and deployment;

[0031] In addition, spectrum resources are dynamically allocated through the dynamic spectrum module to ensure the effective use of non-conflicting frequency resources at different times and spatial locations, thereby improving the spectrum utilization of the system. The communication frequency is adjusted according to the actual distance between the reader and the tag to reduce the impact of path loss and multipath effects, especially when switching to inductive coupling or electromagnetic backscatter coupling. It can more effectively match the transmission characteristics of the physical layer, enhance signal strength, and improve communication stability and reliability.

[0032] (2) The dynamic spectrum module of the present invention calculates the score of each candidate frequency, and after determining the preliminary optimal frequency, the system starts to work at this frequency. When the environmental conditions change or there are multiple devices, the frequency allocation is dynamically adjusted through an iterative water filling algorithm to ensure the optimal overall performance of the system;

[0033] When selecting the optimal frequency, the iterative water-filling algorithm compares the maximum power budget and takes the minimum value, which can ensure that the total power of the system does not exceed the predetermined maximum power budget, while ensuring that the frequency with higher signal quality is selected as much as possible while meeting the power constraint.

[0034] (3) The present invention uses two spatial coupling methods, inductive coupling and electromagnetic backscatter coupling. The system can adapt to short-distance, inductive coupling, suitable for medium and low frequencies, 10-20cm identification needs, and can also meet long-distance, electromagnetic backscatter coupling, suitable for ultra-high frequency, microwave, 3-10m application scenarios, greatly broadening the scope of application of RFID technology.

[0035] (4) The present invention uses RFID tags without the need for external battery power supply and utilizes radio frequency energy collection technology to effectively solve the energy problem in the long-term use of electronic tags. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a single-chip dual-frequency wireless communication system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an inductive coupling method of an RFID tag provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an electromagnetic backscatter coupling mode of an RFID tag provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0040] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a single-chip dual-band wireless communication system, including an electronic tag module, a reader / writer module, a middleware module and a dynamic spectrum module. The electronic tag module is an information carrier of an identified object and has a built-in single chip to support dual-band communication.

[0044] The read / write device module is used to initiate communication with the electronic tag module to transmit and receive signals;

[0045] The middleware module is used to pre-process the electronic tag data collected by the reading and writing device module;

[0046] The dynamic spectrum module is used to dynamically adjust the communication frequency between the electronic tag module and the reader / writer device module.

[0047] Optionally, the system further includes an application system module, which is connected to the middleware module and is used to receive the electronic tag data preprocessed by the middleware module.

[0048] Specifically, the electronic tag module is an RFID tag, which consists of a chip, an antenna and a package. It does not require an external battery to power it. The antenna can be designed according to the on-site application environment and can be used in conjunction with a dedicated read-write terminal to achieve automatic reading and writing of data.

[0049] RFID tags use radio frequency signals to spatially couple with the reading and writing device modules to achieve automatic identification of objects and data transmission. There are two types of spatial coupling: inductive coupling and electromagnetic backscatter coupling.

[0050] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, inductive coupling realizes coupling through spatial alternating magnetic field. According to the law of electromagnetic induction, inductive coupling is generally suitable for short-range recognition systems working at medium and low frequencies. The recognition distance is less than 1m and the working distance is 10-20cm.

[0051] like Figure 3As shown in the figure, the electromagnetic waves emitted by electromagnetic backscatter coupling are reflected after hitting the target, and carry back the target information at the same time. This is based on the spatial propagation law of electromagnetic waves. The electromagnetic backscatter coupling method is generally suitable for long-distance radio frequency identification systems working in ultra-high frequency and microwave. The general identification range is greater than 1m, and the typical range is 3-10m.

[0052] The dynamic spectrum module estimates the distance between the reader module and the electronic tag module based on the time difference between the signal emitted by the reader module and the signal returned by the electronic tag module. The reader module periodically scans the working frequency band to collect the usage and interference level data of each frequency band.

[0053] According to the current distance between the read-write device module and the electronic tag module, the environmental interference conditions and the communication requirements, the most suitable communication frequency is determined by an iterative water filling algorithm, so that the middleware module sends a frequency switching instruction to the electronic tag module through the read-write device module. After receiving the instruction, the electronic tag module automatically adjusts the internal circuit to switch to the optimal communication frequency for communication between the electronic tag module and the read-write device module. When the distance is short, it is adjusted to inductive coupling, and when the distance is long, it is adjusted to electromagnetic backscatter coupling.

[0054] Specifically, the distance between the two is estimated based on the time difference between the signal emitted by the reading and writing device module and the signal returned by the tag. The implementation formula is:

[0055] d=c·Δt / 2

[0056] Where d is the distance between the reader module and the electronic tag module, c is the speed of light, and Δt is the time difference.

[0057] Assume a set of available frequency candidate pools as Ω = {f1, f2, ..., f n}, where f i is the i-th candidate frequency;

[0058] Score calculation is performed for each candidate frequency, and the corresponding calculation expression is:

[0059] Score(f i )=w1·Q i +w2·d i +w3·I i

[0060] In the formula, Score(f i ) is the candidate frequency f i Rating, Q i is the signal quality of the i-th candidate frequency, d i is the distance between the reader module and the electronic tag module at the i-th candidate frequency, I iis the interference level of the i-th candidate frequency, w1, w2, w3 represent the weight coefficients respectively;

[0061] According to the assigned scores, the frequency with the highest score can be selected as the current optimal operating frequency. The implementation formula is:

[0062]

[0063] In the formula, f opt represents the optimal frequency, Ω represents the frequency candidate pool, and the selection makes Score(f i ) Maximum frequency f opt As the optimal frequency;

[0064] In the real-time communication process between the reading and writing device module and the electronic tag module, an iterative water filling algorithm is used to iteratively update and obtain the optimal communication frequency for switching;

[0065] The implementation formula of the iterative water filling algorithm is:

[0066] f new = argmax f′∈Ω [min(α·Score(f′),P max -∑ f″ P(f″))]

[0067] In the formula, f new is the optimal communication frequency, α is the adjustment coefficient, P max is the maximum power budget, P(f″) is the frequency, f″ is the power, f′ is the candidate frequency, and f″ is the current operating frequency of the electronic tag module.

[0068] This solution first determines the preliminary optimal frequency, and then the system starts working at this frequency. When environmental conditions change or there are multiple devices, the frequency allocation is dynamically adjusted through an iterative water filling algorithm to ensure the optimal overall performance of the system.

[0069] When selecting the optimal frequency, the iterative water-filling algorithm compares the maximum power budget and takes the minimum value to ensure that the total power of the system does not exceed the predetermined maximum power budget, while ensuring that the frequency with higher signal quality is selected as much as possible while meeting the power constraint.

[0070] According to the adjusted frequency, a frequency switching instruction is sent to the RFID tag through the middleware. After receiving the instruction, the tag automatically adjusts to the new frequency for communication, re-evaluates the signal quality at the new working frequency, and sets a periodic frequency evaluation and adjustment cycle.

[0071] Working principle: Data is transmitted between the RFID tag and the reader / writer module through radio waves. The electronic tag module is used as a carrier of item information. The antenna configuration is flexibly designed according to the actual application scenario, and it is matched with a dedicated reader / writer to realize the automatic data reading and writing function. A single chip is installed inside to support communication in two different frequency ranges.

[0072] The inductive coupling of a single chip is coupled through the spatial alternating magnetic field, which is more suitable for applications in medium and low frequency bands and situations requiring close-range identification. The effective identification distance is usually less than 1 meter, and the working distance range is 10-20 cm; electromagnetic backscatter coupling uses the emitted electromagnetic waves to reflect after encountering the target object and carry the target information. It is used in long-distance radio frequency identification systems in the ultra-high frequency and microwave frequency bands. The effective identification distance is greater than 1 meter, and the common working distance range is 3-10 meters. The single-chip RFID tag uses the physical phenomenon of radio frequency signal coupling with space to realize automatic identification of the target object. The spectrum module estimates the distance between the two based on the time difference between the signal emitted by the read / write device module and the signal returned by the RFID tag. The read / write device module periodically scans the working frequency band, collects the usage and interference level data of each frequency band, and determines the most suitable communication frequency through an iterative water filling algorithm based on the current distance, environmental interference conditions and communication requirements. The middleware module sends a frequency switching instruction to the RFID tag through the read / write device module. After receiving the instruction, the RFID tag automatically adjusts the internal circuit and switches to the specified frequency for communication. It adjusts to inductive coupling at close distances and to electromagnetic backscatter coupling at long distances.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] This embodiment is substantially the same as Embodiment 1, except that the single-chip dual-frequency wireless communication system in this embodiment is used for information identification of cables, that is, the electronic tag module is arranged on the cable, and data communication is performed through the reading and writing device module.

[0075] The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. It should be understood that a person skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the present invention without creative work. Therefore, any technical solution that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the concept of the present invention on the basis of the prior art should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A single-chip dual-band wireless communication system, characterized in that: It includes an electronic tag module, a reading and writing device module, a middleware module and a dynamic spectrum module. The electronic tag module is the information carrier of the identified object and has a built-in single chip to support dual-frequency communication. The reader / writer module is used to initiate communication with the electronic tag module to transmit and receive signals; The middleware module is used to pre-process the electronic tag data collected by the reading and writing device module; The dynamic spectrum module is used to dynamically adjust the communication frequency between the electronic tag module and the reader / writer device module.

2. A single-chip dual-frequency wireless communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dynamic spectrum module estimates the distance between the reading and writing device module and the electronic tag module according to the time difference between the signal emitted by the reading and writing device module and the signal returned by the electronic tag module, and collects interference level data by scanning the working frequency band through the reading and writing device module; According to the distance between the read-write device module and the electronic tag module, interference level data and communication requirements, the optimal communication frequency is obtained in real time through an iterative water filling algorithm, so that the middleware module sends a frequency switching instruction to the electronic tag module through the read-write device module. After receiving the instruction, the electronic tag module automatically adjusts the internal circuit to switch to the optimal communication frequency for communication between the electronic tag module and the read-write device module.

3. A single-chip dual-frequency wireless communication system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the optimal communication frequency includes: Assume a set of available frequency candidate pools as Ω = {f1, f2, ..., f n }, where f i is the i-th candidate frequency; Score calculation is performed for each candidate frequency, and the corresponding calculation expression is: Score(f i )=w1·Q i +w2·d i +w3·I i In the formula, Score(f i ) is the candidate frequency f i Rating, Q i is the signal quality of the i-th candidate frequency, d i is the distance between the reader module and the electronic tag module at the i-th candidate frequency, I i is the interference level of the i-th candidate frequency, w1, w2, w3 represent the weight coefficients respectively; According to the scores of each candidate frequency, the optimal communication frequency is selected for data transmission; During the real-time communication between the reader and writer module and the electronic tag module, an iterative water filling algorithm is used to iteratively update and obtain the optimal communication frequency for switching.

4. A single-chip dual-frequency wireless communication system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The iterative water filling algorithm combines the maximum power budget to select the optimal communication frequency, and the corresponding calculation expression is: f new =argmax f′∈Ω [min(α·Score(f′),P max -∑ f″ P(f″))] In the formula, f new is the optimal communication frequency, α is the adjustment coefficient, P max is the maximum power budget, P(f″) is the frequency, f″ is the power, f′ is the candidate frequency, and f″ is the current operating frequency of the electronic tag module.

5. A single-chip dual-frequency wireless communication system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculation expression of the distance between the reading and writing device module and the electronic tag module is: d=c·Δt / 2 Where d is the distance between the reader module and the electronic tag module, c is the speed of light, and Δt is the time difference.

6. A single-chip dual-frequency wireless communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic tag module is an RFID tag.

7. A single-chip dual-frequency wireless communication system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The RFID tag realizes data transmission by spatially coupling with the reading and writing device module through radio frequency signals, and the spatial coupling method includes inductive coupling and electromagnetic backscattering coupling.

8. A single-chip dual-frequency wireless communication system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inductive coupling method realizes coupling through a spatial alternating magnetic field and is suitable for data transmission with a working distance of less than 1m.

9. A single-chip dual-frequency wireless communication system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The electromagnetic backscatter coupling method is based on the spatial propagation law of electromagnetic waves. It transmits electromagnetic waves, which are reflected after hitting the target, and receives electromagnetic waves that carry back the target information to achieve data transmission. It is suitable for data transmission within a range of 1-10m.

10. A single-chip dual-frequency wireless communication system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The system further comprises an application system module, which is connected to the middleware module and is used for receiving the electronic tag data preprocessed by the middleware module.

Images