Defect detection method, device and equipment for high altitude fall prevention system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a defect detection method, device and equipment for a high-altitude fall prevention system, wherein the method includes: regionalizing the high-voltage electric control components and multi-layer composite insulation structures in the high-altitude fall prevention equipment; determining the high-voltage pulse parameters of each functional area and applying pulses according to environmental parameters and electromagnetic interference data; applying progressively increasing mechanical tension to the suspected stratified area; applying multiple thermal stress excitations to the target area; performing high-resolution acoustic imaging scanning to generate defect location information. The technical solution of the present invention can effectively cope with complex electromagnetic interference and extreme climatic conditions in high-altitude environments, and through a multi-dimensional and multi-stage detection process, accurately identify and locate microscopic stratified defects in high-altitude fall prevention systems, providing important guarantees for the safety of high-altitude operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of defect detection for high altitude fall prevention systems, and in particular to a defect detection method, device and equipment for high altitude fall prevention systems. Background Art

[0002] At present, the high-altitude fall prevention system is mainly composed of three parts: multi-layer composite insulation materials, load-bearing components and high-voltage electronic control components. Among them, multi-layer composite insulation materials are often composed of internal reinforcement layers, external insulation layers and weather-resistant coating layers. The layers are tightly combined through processes such as thermosetting or bonding, which can not only provide good protection against high-altitude airflow, ultraviolet rays and high-pressure environments, but also play a certain buffering and anti-cracking role when subjected to local impact. Load-bearing components usually cooperate with multi-layer composite insulation materials, including mechanical structures such as load-bearing ropes, winches or support rods, which can share or guide the weight of personnel and equipment during high-altitude operations, and are firmly combined with composite material layers at key nodes through specific connection methods (such as flange connections or ring sleeve fittings) to ensure that they will not slip or tear under large loads or sudden impacts. High-voltage electronic control components are distributed at important nodes inside or outside the system, such as control cabinets, cable connectors or embedded sensor modules. They are interconnected with composite insulating materials and load-bearing components through cables, wiring terminals or special insulating pipes. They are responsible for real-time monitoring, transmission and control of the operating status of the high-altitude fall prevention system. When necessary, they can provide power, signal transmission or trigger emergency measures to the entire system.

[0003] However, existing detection technologies often only regard the high-altitude fall prevention system as a simple mechanical load-bearing structure or a simple electrical control device, ignoring the deep coupling between the multi-layer composite insulation material and the load-bearing components and high-voltage electrical control components, making it difficult to conduct a comprehensive investigation of potential defects. Specifically, in high-altitude environments, multi-layer composite insulation materials are very likely to produce hidden peeling or microcracks at the interface between layers due to factors such as ultraviolet rays, sudden temperature changes, or wind-loaded vibrations; if such defects are not discovered in time, they may further spread in the moment of strong stretching or high-voltage pulses, and then cause the risk of material tearing or electrical breakdown. In addition, the connection parts between the load-bearing components and the insulation layer, and between the electrical control circuit and the embedded sensor part may also be slightly damaged due to high-altitude gravity swings or high-voltage arc shocks. Once local stress concentration causes crack expansion or a short circuit in the high-voltage discharge path, the overall fall prevention capability and electrical insulation safety of the system will be seriously weakened. In view of the danger of high-altitude operations and the complexity of operating conditions, it is necessary to grasp the functions and connection relationships of each structural unit, and also take into account the multi-physical field coupling effects that may arise between them. The existing single or static detection methods are difficult to accurately identify and locate microscopic delamination defects and early cracks in multi-layer composite insulation structures. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problem that in the existing high-altitude fall prevention system, it is difficult to accurately identify and locate microscopic stratification defects and early cracks in the multi-layer composite insulation structure, which leads to missed detection and potential safety hazards and is difficult to effectively ensure the safety of high-altitude operations.

[0005] A first aspect of the present invention provides a defect detection method for a high-altitude fall prevention system, the defect detection method for a high-altitude fall prevention system comprising:

[0006] The high-voltage electric control components and multi-layer composite insulation structures in the high-altitude fall prevention equipment are divided into regions to obtain multiple functional areas, and preliminary investigations are conducted on each of the functional areas to obtain environmental parameters and electromagnetic interference data of each area;

[0007] Determine the high-voltage pulse parameters of each functional area according to the environmental parameters and the electromagnetic interference data, apply corresponding high-voltage pulses to each functional area in turn, obtain interface transient response data of the multi-layer composite insulation structure, analyze the microscopic stratification state of each functional area according to the interface transient response data, and obtain the suspected stratification area;

[0008] Based on the environmental parameters, gradually increasing mechanical tension is applied to the suspected delamination area to obtain deformation behavior data of the corresponding area, and the interlayer vibration mode of the suspected delamination area is analyzed according to the deformation behavior data to determine the target area where microscopic delamination defects exist;

[0009] In combination with the environmental parameters, multiple thermal stress excitations are applied to the target area to obtain the thermal diffusion rate and temperature gradient distribution data of the target area, and the microcrack propagation of the target area is analyzed according to the thermal diffusion rate and temperature gradient distribution data to obtain a microcrack propagation evaluation result;

[0010] The optimal scanning parameters are selected according to the electromagnetic interference data, and a high-resolution acoustic imaging scan is performed on the target area to obtain medium reflection waveform data of the target area. The precise position and range of microscopic stratification defects are determined according to the medium reflection waveform data to generate defect location information.

[0011] Optionally, the high-voltage electric control components and the multi-layer composite insulation structure in the high-altitude fall prevention equipment are divided into regions to obtain multiple functional areas, and preliminary investigations are conducted on each of the functional areas to obtain environmental parameters and electromagnetic interference data of each area, including:

[0012] According to the spatial layout and stress characteristics of the high-altitude fall prevention equipment, the high-voltage electric control components and the multi-layer composite insulation structure are divided into a corona discharge sensitive area, an ultraviolet radiation enhanced area and a mechanical stress concentration area;

[0013] Performing air ionization measurement and partial discharge detection on the corona discharge sensitive area to obtain ion concentration distribution data and discharge pulse distribution diagram of the corona discharge sensitive area;

[0014] Measuring the ultraviolet intensity and material spectral reflectance of the ultraviolet radiation enhanced area to obtain ultraviolet radiation spectrum data and material aging degree data of the ultraviolet radiation enhanced area;

[0015] Performing vibration spectrum analysis and dynamic stress analysis on the mechanical stress concentration area to obtain vibration modal data and stress wave propagation characteristics of the mechanical stress concentration area;

[0016] According to the ion concentration distribution data, discharge pulse distribution diagram, ultraviolet radiation spectrum data, material aging degree data, vibration mode data and stress wave propagation characteristics, combined with the real-time air pressure change curve, the mutual influence coefficient of each parameter in the high-altitude extreme environment is calculated through a multi-parameter cross analysis method;

[0017] The mutual influence coefficient is used to perform weighted fusion on the data to generate a comprehensive evaluation index reflecting the high-altitude electrical-thermal-mechanical coupling effect;

[0018] Based on the comprehensive evaluation index, the obtained preliminary environmental parameters and preliminary electromagnetic interference data are corrected and refined, and finally the environmental parameters and electromagnetic interference data of each area are determined.

[0019] Optionally, performing vibration spectrum analysis and dynamic stress analysis on the mechanical stress concentration area to obtain vibration modal data and stress wave propagation characteristics of the mechanical stress concentration area includes:

[0020] Obtain vibration response data of mechanical stress concentration areas under different high-altitude operation load conditions;

[0021] Performing wavelet packet decomposition on the vibration response data to extract high-frequency weak vibration features and identify potential microcrack initiation position coordinates;

[0022] Collecting acoustic signals near the coordinates of the potential microcrack initiation position;

[0023] Adaptively performing noise elimination processing on the acoustic signal to eliminate interference caused by high-altitude wind loads and extract effective acoustic emission signals related to material damage;

[0024] Analyze the time-frequency characteristics and energy distribution of the effective acoustic emission signal, and calculate the microcrack extension parameters in combination with the real-time high-altitude temperature gradient data;

[0025] According to the microcrack propagation parameters, the propagation trend of microcracks in high-altitude extreme environments is evaluated to generate dynamic risk distribution data of mechanical stress concentration areas;

[0026] The dynamic risk distribution data is used in combination with the load distribution information of the aerial work to calculate and update the vibration modal data and stress wave propagation characteristics of the mechanical stress concentration area.

[0027] Optionally, the high-voltage pulse parameters of each functional area are determined according to the environmental parameters and the electromagnetic interference data, corresponding high-voltage pulses are applied to each functional area in sequence, the interface transient response data of the multi-layer composite insulation structure is obtained, and the microscopic stratification state of each functional area is analyzed according to the interface transient response data to obtain the suspected stratification area, including:

[0028] According to the environmental parameters and electromagnetic interference data, a step pulse sequence with increasing amplitude is used for the corona discharge sensitive area, a variable frequency sinusoidally modulated high voltage pulse is used for the ultraviolet radiation enhanced area, and a composite frequency oscillating attenuated pulse is applied to the mechanical stress concentration area;

[0029] Applying corresponding high voltage pulses in each functional area in turn, obtaining the transient current waveform and charge-voltage characteristic curve of the corona discharge sensitive area, the surface potential decay curve and photocurrent response of the ultraviolet radiation enhanced area, and the acoustic emission signal and stress-strain response of the mechanical stress concentration area;

[0030] The transient current waveform of the corona discharge sensitive area is subjected to wavelet transformation to extract the high-frequency component characteristics, and combined with the charge-voltage characteristic curve, the space charge accumulation area is identified and the microscopic stratification state of the corona discharge sensitive area is analyzed; the surface potential decay curve and photocurrent response of the ultraviolet radiation enhanced area are cross-correlated analyzed to obtain the degree of degradation of the material's photoelectric characteristics and evaluate the degree of interface stratification in the ultraviolet radiation enhanced area; the acoustic emission signal and stress-strain response of the mechanical stress concentration area are analyzed in a time-frequency joint manner to locate the microcrack initiation position and determine the interlayer bonding strength in the mechanical stress concentration area;

[0031] Based on the information of space charge accumulation area, degradation degree of material photoelectric properties and microcrack initiation location, combined with the micro-stratification state analysis results of corona discharge sensitive area, ultraviolet radiation enhanced area and mechanical stress concentration area, a defect risk assessment matrix of multi-layer composite insulation structure is constructed;

[0032] According to the defect risk assessment matrix, areas in each functional area where the defect risk exceeds a first preset threshold are determined, and these areas are marked as suspicious stratification areas.

[0033] Optionally, the cross-correlation analysis of the surface potential decay curve and the photocurrent response of the ultraviolet radiation enhanced region to obtain the degree of degradation of the photoelectric properties of the material and evaluate the degree of interface stratification of the ultraviolet radiation enhanced region includes:

[0034] The surface potential decay curve in the UV radiation enhanced area was fitted in sections, the time constants of the fast decay stage and the slow decay stage were extracted, and the surface charge trap density distribution was calculated by combining the high-altitude UV radiation spectrum intensity data;

[0035] The spectrum analysis of the photocurrent response in the UV radiation enhanced area is carried out to extract the characteristic frequency components and amplitudes, and the photocurrent response is corrected according to the high-altitude air pressure and temperature data to obtain the corrected photoconductivity change curve;

[0036] Performing cross-correlation analysis on the surface charge trap density distribution and the corrected photoconductivity change curve, calculating a correlation coefficient matrix, and determining the degree of degradation of the photoelectric properties of the material according to the correlation coefficient matrix;

[0037] Based on the degree of degradation of the photoelectric properties of the material, combined with high-altitude ozone concentration and temperature cycle data, the interface stress distribution is calculated and the degree of interface stratification in the ultraviolet radiation enhanced zone is evaluated.

[0038] Optionally, based on the environmental parameters, applying gradually increasing mechanical tension to the suspected delamination area, acquiring deformation behavior data of the corresponding area, analyzing the interlayer vibration mode of the suspected delamination area according to the deformation behavior data, and determining the target area with microscopic delamination defects, includes:

[0039] Calculating a material elastic modulus correction coefficient of the suspected delamination area according to the environmental parameters to obtain a corrected elastic modulus in a high-altitude environment;

[0040] Based on the modified elastic modulus, an initial mechanical tension is applied to the suspected delamination area, and a tension increasing step length is determined according to high-altitude wind load data to obtain a step-by-step increasing mechanical tension sequence;

[0041] applying the mechanical tension sequence to the suspected delamination area in sequence, obtaining stress-strain curves and acoustic emission signals under each tension level, and forming a deformation behavior data set;

[0042] Perform wavelet packet decomposition on the deformation behavior data set, extract interlayer vibration characteristic frequency and energy distribution, and analyze the interlayer vibration mode of the suspected stratified area in combination with high-altitude temperature gradient data;

[0043] According to the interlayer vibration mode, the vibration energy attenuation rate of each sub-region is calculated, and the sub-region with a vibration energy attenuation rate lower than a second preset threshold is determined as a target region with microscopic delamination defects.

[0044] Optionally, combining the environmental parameters, applying multiple thermal stress excitations to the target area, obtaining the thermal diffusion rate and temperature gradient distribution data of the target area, analyzing the microcrack propagation of the target area according to the thermal diffusion rate and temperature gradient distribution data, and obtaining the microcrack propagation evaluation result, including:

[0045] Calculating the thermal convection coefficient of the target area in combination with the environmental parameters, determining the temperature range and frequency of the thermal stress excitation, and generating multiple thermal stress excitation sequences;

[0046] applying the multiple heat stress stimulation sequences to the target area in sequence to obtain a temperature-time response curve of the target area under different heat stress conditions;

[0047] Performing Fourier transformation on the temperature-time response curve, extracting the characteristic frequency of thermal diffusion, and calculating the thermal diffusion rate of the target area in combination with the thermal physical property parameters of the material under the high-altitude environment;

[0048] Based on the heat diffusion rate, a thermal imaging scan is performed on the target area to obtain temperature gradient distribution data, and combined with the high-altitude temperature fluctuation characteristics, the temperature gradient abnormal area is analyzed;

[0049] According to the abnormal temperature gradient area, combined with the high-altitude load distribution data, the microcrack stress intensity factor is calculated to obtain the microcrack extension assessment result.

[0050] Optionally, selecting optimal scanning parameters according to the electromagnetic interference data, performing high-resolution acoustic imaging scanning on the target area, acquiring medium reflection waveform data of the target area, determining the precise position and range of microscopic stratification defects according to the medium reflection waveform data, and generating defect location information, includes:

[0051] According to the electromagnetic interference data, combined with the characteristics of the high-altitude ionosphere, the scanning parameters are optimized to obtain the optimal scanning frequency and pulse width;

[0052] Using the optimal scanning frequency and pulse width, a multi-angle acoustic imaging scan is performed on the target area to obtain medium reflection waveform data at different incident angles;

[0053] Performing time-frequency analysis on the medium reflection waveform data, extracting waveform characteristic parameters, and combining high-altitude environmental parameters to calculate the depth and range of the reflection interface, and determine the precise location and range of micro-stratification defects;

[0054] The precise position and range information of the microscopic stratification defects are matched with the structural layout of the high-altitude fall prevention equipment to generate defect location information.

[0055] A second aspect of the present invention provides a defect detection device for a high-altitude fall prevention system, the defect detection device for a high-altitude fall prevention system comprising:

[0056] The regional division module is used to divide the high-voltage electric control components and multi-layer composite insulation structures in the high-altitude fall prevention equipment into regions, obtain multiple functional areas, conduct preliminary investigations on each of the functional areas, and obtain environmental parameters and electromagnetic interference data of each area;

[0057] A high-voltage pulse analysis module, used to determine the high-voltage pulse parameters of each of the functional areas according to the environmental parameters and the electromagnetic interference data, apply corresponding high-voltage pulses to each of the functional areas in sequence, obtain the interface transient response data of the multi-layer composite insulation structure, analyze the microscopic stratification state of each of the functional areas according to the interface transient response data, and obtain the suspected stratification area;

[0058] A mechanical tension analysis module, for applying a gradually increasing mechanical tension to the suspected delamination area based on the environmental parameters, obtaining deformation behavior data of the corresponding area, analyzing the interlayer vibration mode of the suspected delamination area according to the deformation behavior data, and determining the target area with microscopic delamination defects;

[0059] A thermal stress analysis module, used to apply multiple thermal stress excitations to the target area in combination with the environmental parameters, obtain the thermal diffusion rate and temperature gradient distribution data of the target area, analyze the microcrack extension of the target area according to the thermal diffusion rate and temperature gradient distribution data, and obtain a microcrack extension evaluation result;

[0060] The acoustic imaging module is used to select optimal scanning parameters according to the electromagnetic interference data, perform high-resolution acoustic imaging scanning on the target area, obtain medium reflection waveform data of the target area, determine the precise position and range of microscopic stratification defects according to the medium reflection waveform data, and generate defect location information.

[0061] The third aspect of the present invention provides a defect detection device for a high-altitude fall prevention system, comprising: a memory and at least one processor, the memory storing instructions, the memory and the at least one processor being interconnected via lines; the at least one processor calling the instructions in the memory so that the defect detection device for the high-altitude fall prevention system performs the steps of the above-mentioned defect detection method for the high-altitude fall prevention system.

[0062] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which instructions are stored. When the computer-readable storage medium is run on a computer, the computer executes the steps of the above-mentioned defect detection method for a high-altitude fall prevention system.

[0063] This scheme can accurately understand the causes of corona discharge, photoelectric degradation of materials, and mechanical fatigue in different areas by first obtaining environmental indicators such as ion concentration distribution, ultraviolet radiation spectrum, and vibration mode of each functional area, laying a scientific basis for the subsequent application of high-voltage pulses and parameter settings. When applying high-voltage pulses, each functional area will use different pulse waveforms according to corona sensitivity, ultraviolet radiation enhancement factors, and stress concentration, such as step pulses, variable frequency modulation pulses, or oscillation attenuation pulses. Different waveforms can stimulate different response characteristics of material interfaces in a very short time, including surface potential decay, photocurrent mutation, or stress-strain anomalies. With the help of wavelet transform and cross-correlation analysis, the system can quickly lock in which areas are more likely to have delamination or cracks. Subsequently, gradually increasing mechanical tension is applied to these "suspicious delamination areas" to simulate the stress field caused by load-bearing or wind load impact in real high-altitude operations, and the actual degree of damage in the area is verified by combining the time-frequency characteristics of acoustic emission and vibration spectrum. In this way, by first using electrical excitation to quickly "screen" and then using mechanical loading to deeply "verify", it is possible to effectively screen out misjudgments and focus the detection on interlayer bonding parts that are indeed at risk.

[0064] After locking the target area, this scheme further simulates the temperature shock in high-altitude environments such as day and night temperature difference and ultraviolet radiation through multiple thermal stress excitations, and uses thermal imaging to monitor abnormal changes in heat diffusion rate and temperature gradient. If there are microcracks between the material layers at this time, the thermal stress will aggravate the stress concentration at the interface, thereby showing characteristic signals in thermal imaging or temperature gradient distribution. Finally, by using acoustic imaging scanning to detect the target area from multiple angles at high resolution, performing time-frequency analysis on the medium reflection waveform, and optimizing the scanning parameters in combination with the interference coefficient of the high-altitude ionosphere on the measurement signal, the depth and range of the defect can be accurately measured. If there are layered gaps or cracks inside the material, the density difference and elastic modulus difference between the incident sound wave and the interface will significantly change the reflection waveform, allowing the system to see deep defects that are difficult to detect with general visual detection. Through this set of electrical, mechanical, thermal and acoustic combined means, this scheme truly realizes multi-dimensional detection from coarse screening to precise positioning, which solves the problem of not being able to grasp the deep interface peeling or local crack diffusion trend in the past, and can also provide substantial safety protection for the high-altitude fall prevention system. In other words, while maintaining high-voltage insulation performance and overall bearing capacity, factors such as corona effect, ultraviolet aging and wind load fatigue that are unique to high-altitude environments can also be included in the same detection framework, making the detection results more targeted and complete. Through partitioned investigation and multi-stage progressive verification, the entire insulation structure from the outer layer to the inner layer can be systematically checked. Once interlayer defects or expanding cracks that endanger safety are found, they can be quickly located and emergency measures can be taken, thereby significantly improving the safety level and operational reliability of the entire high-altitude fall protection system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0066] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a defect detection method for a high-altitude fall prevention system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a defect detection device for a high-altitude fall prevention system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a defect detection device for a high-altitude fall prevention system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0071] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0072] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, "and / or" in the full text includes three solutions. Taking A and / or B as an example, it includes technical solution A, technical solution B, and technical solution that satisfies both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, which must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0073] An embodiment of the present application provides a defect detection method for a high-altitude fall prevention system. Figure 1 A flow chart of a defect detection method for a high altitude fall prevention system provided in an embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the method includes:

[0074] See also Figure 1 , divide the high-voltage electric control components and multi-layer composite insulation structures in the high-altitude fall prevention equipment into regions, obtain multiple functional areas, conduct preliminary investigations on each of the functional areas, and obtain environmental parameters and electromagnetic interference data of each area;

[0075] In one embodiment of the present invention, the high-voltage electric control components and the multi-layer composite insulation structure in the high-altitude fall prevention equipment are regionalized to obtain multiple functional areas, and each of the functional areas is preliminarily investigated to obtain environmental parameters and electromagnetic interference data of each area, including: according to the spatial layout and stress characteristics of the high-altitude fall prevention equipment, the high-voltage electric control components and the multi-layer composite insulation structure are divided into a corona discharge sensitive area, an ultraviolet radiation enhanced area and a mechanical stress concentration area; the air ionization degree is measured and the partial discharge is detected in the corona discharge sensitive area to obtain the ion concentration distribution data and the discharge pulse distribution diagram of the corona discharge sensitive area; the ultraviolet intensity is measured and the material spectral reflectivity is measured in the ultraviolet radiation enhanced area to obtain the ultraviolet radiation spectrum data and Material aging degree data; perform vibration spectrum analysis and dynamic stress analysis on the mechanical stress concentration area to obtain the vibration modal data and stress wave propagation characteristics of the mechanical stress concentration area; according to the ion concentration distribution data, discharge pulse distribution diagram, ultraviolet radiation spectrum data, material aging degree data, vibration modal data and stress wave propagation characteristics, combined with the real-time air pressure change curve, through a multi-parameter cross-analysis method, calculate the mutual influence coefficient of each parameter in the high-altitude extreme environment; use the mutual influence coefficient to weightedly fuse each data to generate a comprehensive evaluation index reflecting the high-altitude electrical-thermal-mechanical coupling effect; based on the comprehensive evaluation index, correct and refine the obtained preliminary environmental parameters and preliminary electromagnetic interference data, and finally determine the environmental parameters and electromagnetic interference data of each area.

[0076] Specifically, according to the spatial layout and stress characteristics of high-altitude anti-fall equipment, it is necessary to first distinguish the corona discharge sensitive area, ultraviolet radiation enhanced area and mechanical stress concentration area of ​​the high-voltage electric control components and the multi-layer composite insulation structure, so as to better understand the electrical, thermal and mechanical stresses faced by different areas in the extreme environment of high altitude. When implementing this division, first confirm which parts are more likely to form corona discharge under high altitude and low pressure conditions through the three-dimensional distribution diagram of the equipment and the load distribution, such as around the insulation end or the terminal, and then define such parts as corona discharge sensitive areas. Subsequently, based on the analysis of the optical reflection characteristics of the multi-layer insulation material, it is determined which outer surfaces are subjected to strong ultraviolet direct radiation for a long time, or local high temperature will occur under high-altitude sunlight irradiation, and then the range is defined as ultraviolet radiation enhanced area. At the same time, according to the load direction and stress superposition effect, it is determined which support points or edge connections are subjected to greater tensile, bending or torsional loads, and these parts are defined as mechanical stress concentration areas. In this way, the entire high-altitude anti-fall equipment is subdivided into three functional areas, which can be distinguished according to the defect characteristics under the action of different physical fields in subsequent inspections.

[0077] In the corona discharge sensitive area, air ionization degree measurement and partial discharge detection are required to obtain ion concentration distribution data and discharge pulse distribution diagram. When implementing this process, a high-sensitivity ion meter is first used to collect the number of ions around the corona at different distances, and then these measurement results are combined with the contact angle around the insulating material to draw a point-by-point ion concentration distribution diagram. Subsequently, a short high voltage is applied using a partial discharge detector, and the amount of charge released instantaneously by the pulse is recorded, and these values ​​are plotted into a discharge pulse distribution diagram in time sequence. Assuming that an ion concentration peak appears near a certain terminal and the partial discharge pulses are too dense, it means that there are serious dielectric weaknesses in this area. The ultraviolet radiation enhanced area obtains ultraviolet radiation spectrum data and material aging degree data by measuring ultraviolet intensity and material spectral reflectance. In specific implementation, ultraviolet intensity sensors can be arranged at multiple angles in the enhanced area, and a set of spectral data including peak wavelength and irradiation energy can be obtained by recording the duration of light and the irradiance in the measurement band. In order to evaluate the aging degree of the outer insulation, it is necessary to use a spectral reflectance measurement device to perform high-resolution detection on a specific band, and compare the obtained reflectance curve with the baseline curve of the unaged sample. If the reflection peak is significantly attenuated, it indicates that the outer insulation material has produced molecular chain breakage or surface microcracks under ultraviolet irradiation. Vibration spectrum analysis and dynamic stress analysis are required in the mechanical stress concentration area to obtain vibration modal data and stress wave propagation characteristics. When implementing this process, accelerometers are first arranged at the fixed ends and joints where the force is severe, and the vibration curves of the equipment under wind load and personnel operation during high-altitude operations are recorded. Then, the vibration signal is spectrally analyzed by fast Fourier transform to extract the resonance peaks and amplitude information of each order mode. Subsequently, the stress wave transmission process in the time domain of the area is monitored with the help of a stress wave sensing unit. If the medium is discontinuous at a certain point, the stress wave propagation speed and energy attenuation law will show abnormal fluctuations. For example, when inspecting a high-altitude tower, if the acceleration sensor shows an obvious high-frequency resonance peak at the connection hinge and the stress wave analysis results also show a phased attenuation, it can be determined that there is a potential structural weakness in this location.

[0078] The above-mentioned ion concentration distribution data, discharge pulse distribution diagram, ultraviolet radiation spectrum data, material aging degree data, vibration modal data and stress wave propagation characteristics are combined with the real-time air pressure change curve, and the mutual influence coefficient of each parameter in the high-altitude extreme environment can be calculated through the multi-parameter cross-analysis method. The calculation process is carried out in the data fusion software. It is necessary to establish corresponding functions for the corona intensity, light wavelength, vibration frequency and air pressure change value respectively, and then use the multi-dimensional matrix solution method to reflect the coupling between different physical fields in the same coordinate system to form several dynamic coupling equations. Through weighted iterative solution, the quantitative influence coefficient of each environmental variable on other variables can be obtained. These mutual influence coefficients will be used as parameter weight inputs in the subsequent weighted fusion stage to generate a comprehensive evaluation index reflecting the high-altitude electrical-thermal-mechanical coupling effect. Specifically, in the weight matrix, if the local discharge pulse distribution diagram of the corona discharge sensitive area shows high intensity and the area is at the edge of the ultraviolet radiation enhanced area, the sensitivity of the ion concentration to temperature will show a large value, affecting the evaluation result of the overall electrical insulation condition.

[0079] Based on this comprehensive evaluation index, the obtained preliminary environmental parameters and preliminary electromagnetic interference data can be corrected and refined, so as to finally determine the environmental parameters and electromagnetic interference data of each area. When implementing this process, it is necessary to correct the mutual influence coefficient and the initially collected air ionization, ultraviolet intensity, vibration amplitude and other information item by item, eliminate interference noise with the help of statistical filtering and multiple iterative operations, and appropriately correct those measurement values ​​that may deviate under extreme air pressure and high-altitude temperature difference based on the calculation results of the coupling effect. If the ultraviolet intensity is large and the partial discharge detection results show high-amplitude pulses, the corrected comprehensive evaluation index will show a higher aging risk value, and then focus on this functional area in the subsequent detection process. Through this step of weighted fusion and correction processing, the environmental parameters and electromagnetic interference data of each area are closer to the true value, and no misjudgment or omission will occur when facing the extreme environment at high altitude, laying a reliable data information foundation for subsequent deep defect detection.

[0080] In one embodiment of the present invention, the vibration spectrum analysis and dynamic stress analysis of the mechanical stress concentration area are performed to obtain the vibration modal data and stress wave propagation characteristics of the mechanical stress concentration area, including: obtaining vibration response data of the mechanical stress concentration area under different high-altitude working load conditions; performing wavelet packet decomposition on the vibration response data, extracting high-frequency weak vibration characteristics, and identifying potential microcrack initiation position coordinates; collecting acoustic signals near the potential microcrack initiation position coordinates; performing adaptive noise elimination processing on the acoustic signal to eliminate interference caused by high-altitude wind loads and extract effective acoustic emission signals related to material damage; analyzing the time-frequency characteristics and energy distribution of the effective acoustic emission signal, and calculating microcrack extension parameters in combination with real-time high-altitude temperature gradient data; based on the microcrack extension parameters, evaluating the extension trend of microcracks under high-altitude extreme environments, and generating dynamic risk distribution data for the mechanical stress concentration area; using the dynamic risk distribution data, combined with high-altitude working load distribution information, to calculate and update the vibration modal data and stress wave propagation characteristics of the mechanical stress concentration area.

[0081] Specifically, when obtaining vibration response data under different high-altitude operation load conditions in the mechanical stress concentration area, multiple vibration monitoring points can be arranged in the target area to collect the acceleration, displacement and stress waveforms generated during the high-altitude operation. In order to achieve coverage of various operating loads, the equipment needs to be operated for a period of time under multiple scenarios such as wind load, heavy object lifting and personnel movement, and the monitoring system is kept in a synchronous sampling state. By establishing a one-to-one correspondence between load and vibration signal at this stage, a set of vibration response data matching various high-altitude operating conditions can be formed.

[0082] Next, these vibration response data are decomposed by wavelet packets. With the help of multi-scale analysis methods, the vibration signals are expanded into several sub-bands in the time domain and frequency domain, and then high-frequency weak vibration features are extracted from them to identify the coordinates of potential microcrack initiation locations. The principle of wavelet packet decomposition here is that any mechanical vibration can be regarded as a coupling of harmonic components of different frequency bands. When cracks just start to initiate, low-amplitude but obvious fluctuation peaks will be generated in the high-frequency band. By comparing the energy distribution of the corresponding sub-bands, the specific location where the abnormal fluctuations occur can be inferred in the coordinate space. If an abnormal increase in the high-frequency energy coefficient is found near a certain coordinate, the location can be marked as a potential microcrack initiation point. For example, in the maintenance project of the cable tower of an aerial bridge, if a prominent energy spike is detected in the high-frequency sub-band at the cable anchor end under wind load, the surrounding area of ​​the cable anchor structure can be regarded as a key focus area.

[0083] After identifying the coordinates of the potential microcrack initiation position, it is necessary to further collect acoustic signals near the coordinates to conduct a more targeted analysis of the occurrence and evolution of microcracks. In this case, the acoustic signal can be obtained through the distributed acoustic wave sensing module. The collected original waveform is often mixed with a large amount of random noise related to the high-altitude wind load. Therefore, adaptive noise elimination processing is required in the subsequent steps to eliminate the part that does not belong to the material damage information. After completing this processing, an effective acoustic emission signal with a higher correlation with material defects will be obtained. Then, by comparing its time-frequency characteristics and energy distribution in detail, the microcrack extension parameters are calculated in combination with real-time high-altitude temperature gradient data. If the effective acoustic emission signal suddenly increases within a certain time window, and the temperature gradient difference increases significantly at this time, it can be judged that the crack continues to expand under the action of alternating thermal stress. Subsequently, according to the microcrack extension parameter, the extension trend of microcracks in the high-altitude extreme environment is evaluated, and the dynamic risk distribution data of the mechanical stress concentration area is generated. If the extension trend is on the rise, and the risk weight of a specific area shown in the dynamic risk distribution data exceeds the preset threshold, it indicates that there is a potential major safety threat in the high-altitude operation in this area. Finally, the dynamic risk distribution data is used in combination with the load distribution information of high-altitude operations to calculate and update the vibration modal data and stress wave propagation characteristics of the mechanical stress concentration area. In this way, the change trajectory of each mode can be continuously monitored during subsequent monitoring or maintenance. Once further abnormalities are found in the modal frequency and stress wave attenuation curve, measures such as reinforcement, load limiting or component replacement can be taken at the first time to reduce the safety risks brought by the continued spread of microcracks. Through this cyclical update and evaluation process, dynamic tracking and in-depth analysis of potential microcracks in the mechanical stress concentration area are achieved, and high-altitude loads, material defects and ambient temperatures are coupled in the same analysis framework in a more sophisticated way, providing systematic support for ensuring the overall safety of high-altitude fall protection equipment.

[0084] Please continue reading Figure 1 , according to the environmental parameters and the electromagnetic interference data, determine the high-voltage pulse parameters of each of the functional areas, apply corresponding high-voltage pulses to each of the functional areas in turn, obtain the interface transient response data of the multi-layer composite insulation structure, analyze the microscopic stratification state of each of the functional areas according to the interface transient response data, and obtain the suspected stratification area;

[0085] In one embodiment of the present invention, the high-voltage pulse parameters of each functional area are determined according to the environmental parameters and the electromagnetic interference data, the corresponding high-voltage pulses are applied to each functional area in turn, the interface transient response data of the multilayer composite insulation structure is obtained, and the microscopic stratification state of each functional area is analyzed according to the interface transient response data to obtain the suspicious stratification area, including: according to the environmental parameters and the electromagnetic interference data, a step pulse sequence with increasing amplitude is used for the corona discharge sensitive area, a high-voltage pulse with variable frequency sinusoidal modulation is used for the ultraviolet radiation enhanced area, and an oscillating attenuation pulse with a composite frequency is applied to the mechanical stress concentration area; the corresponding high-voltage pulses are applied to each functional area in turn to obtain the transient current waveform and charge-voltage characteristic curve of the corona discharge sensitive area, the surface potential decay curve and photocurrent response of the ultraviolet radiation enhanced area, and the acoustic emission signal and stress-strain response of the mechanical stress concentration area; the transient current waveform of the corona discharge sensitive area The wavelet transform is performed on the shape to extract the high-frequency component characteristics, and the space charge accumulation area is identified and the micro-stratification state of the corona discharge sensitive area is analyzed in combination with the charge-voltage characteristic curve; the surface potential decay curve and the photocurrent response of the ultraviolet radiation enhanced area are cross-correlated analyzed to obtain the degree of degradation of the material's photoelectric characteristics and evaluate the degree of interface stratification in the ultraviolet radiation enhanced area; the acoustic emission signal and the stress-strain response of the mechanical stress concentration area are jointly analyzed in time and frequency to locate the microcrack initiation position and judge the interlayer bonding strength in the mechanical stress concentration area; based on the space charge accumulation area, the degree of degradation of the material's photoelectric characteristics and the microcrack initiation position information, combined with the micro-stratification state analysis results of the corona discharge sensitive area, the ultraviolet radiation enhanced area and the mechanical stress concentration area, a defect risk assessment matrix of the multi-layer composite insulation structure is constructed; according to the defect risk assessment matrix, the areas in each functional area where the defect risk exceeds the first preset threshold are determined, and these areas are marked as suspicious stratification areas.

[0086] Specifically, during the implementation process, the information such as air pressure distribution, ion concentration and ultraviolet intensity obtained in the early stage needs to be input into the pulse setting module, and the module will automatically adjust the amplitude, frequency and waveform of the pulses applied to different areas. For example, if the corona discharge sensitive area shows a significant degree of ionization and a high local discharge pulse interference, a step pulse sequence with a small initial voltage value but a high incremental gradient will be configured to observe the sudden change amplitude of the transient current waveform during the pressure application process. For the ultraviolet radiation enhanced area, the high-voltage pulse with variable frequency sinusoidal modulation can change the frequency periodically within a certain period of time, so that the composite insulation surface produces a potential attenuation characteristic different from the traditional single-frequency pulse due to the coupling of photoelectric effect and thermal effect. The mechanical stress concentration area uses a composite frequency oscillating attenuation pulse to simulate the local discharge phenomenon under the superposition of nonlinear mechanical vibration, so that the stress-strain response produces a regular attenuation waveform in a short time, thereby more intuitively reflecting the interface adhesion and interlayer bonding strength.

[0087] After applying the corresponding high-voltage pulses in each of the functional areas in turn, it is necessary to collect the transient current waveform and charge-voltage characteristic curve of the corona discharge sensitive area, the surface potential decay curve and photocurrent response of the ultraviolet radiation enhanced area, and the acoustic emission signal and stress-strain response of the mechanical stress concentration area. In order to achieve this process, a high-speed current acquisition unit will be placed in the corona discharge sensitive area to record the current change at the microsecond level after the pulse is applied, and then the current curve is integrated to obtain the charge-voltage characteristic curve. The ultraviolet radiation enhanced area uses a surface potential sensor to track the potential decay rate of the insulating layer under different modulation frequency pulses in real time, and observe the response amplitude of the photocurrent on the photoelectric detection unit. In the mechanical stress concentration area, acoustic sensors and strain gauges will be arranged near the nodes with more significant force to obtain the acoustic emission and mechanical deformation signals triggered by the pulse application. If a significant jump in the stress-strain curve is captured at the main load-bearing fulcrum of the aerial hanging basket, accompanied by a strong acoustic emission peak, it means that there may be a certain degree of interlayer cracks at the node.

[0088] When performing wavelet transform on the transient current waveform in the corona discharge sensitive area, it is necessary to expand the current spike signal caused by each step pulse in the time domain and frequency domain, and focus on the high-frequency component. If continuous sharp pulses appear in the high-frequency component spectrum, it indicates that there is a tendency for space charge to accumulate. At this time, it is also necessary to make a quantitative analysis of the intensity and peak position of these sharp pulses in combination with the charge-voltage characteristic curve. If the charge amount in some sections is significantly higher after integration, it means that an enhanced discharge path has been generated inside the material or around the corona, which has a direct reference significance for analyzing the micro-stratification state. In the ultraviolet radiation enhanced area, the principle of cross-correlation analysis of the surface potential decay curve and the photocurrent response is that by comparing the synchronization of the potential decay and the photocurrent growth curve on the time axis, the degree of degradation of the photoelectric properties of the material can be obtained. If under variable frequency sinusoidal modulation, the time constant of the potential decay is significantly positively correlated with the peak delay of the photocurrent, it means that the absorption and reflection ability of the outer layer material in the ultraviolet band has been weakened, and it is easy to show signs of stratification or peeling at the material interface. After quantifying this degree of degradation, the degree of interface stratification in the area can be more accurately assessed. For example, if the outdoor high-altitude ultraviolet intensity is in a high value range, but the peak value of the photocurrent response keeps moving forward, it means that the electronic transition of the material after light excitation is more frequent, indicating that the surface aging phenomenon is aggravated and the risk of interface stratification is increased.

[0089] The acoustic emission signal and stress-strain response in the mechanical stress concentration area need to be analyzed jointly in time and frequency to determine the location of microcrack initiation and the interlayer bonding strength. When the acoustic emission waveform is expanded in the time domain and frequency domain, if it is found that the high-frequency component energy in certain time periods increases sharply, and the stress-strain curve undergoes a nonlinear mutation at the corresponding moment, the specific location where the crack initiation may occur can be locked, and the interlayer bonding strength can be inferred accordingly. If the bonding strength is obviously insufficient, the energy peak of the acoustic emission signal will show a large contrast with the trough of the strain deformation. This contrast reflects that the internal interface may have been delaminated or even peeled off. For example, during the high-altitude assembly of the wind tower, if the stress-strain record in the docking area between the cabin and the support shows hysteresis, and the acoustic detection also shows that some high-frequency pulse energies far exceed other positions, it can be inferred that the docking point has potential interlayer defects.

[0090] Based on the spatial charge accumulation area, the degree of degradation of the photoelectric properties of the material, and the location of microcrack initiation, combined with the micro-stratification state analysis results of the corona discharge sensitive area, the ultraviolet radiation enhanced area, and the mechanical stress concentration area, a defect risk assessment matrix for the multilayer composite insulation structure can be further constructed. This assessment matrix not only contains a quantitative description of local defects, but also integrates the three indicators of electrical, optical and mechanical aspects into a comprehensive scoring system. If the charge accumulation coefficient, ultraviolet degradation index, and crack energy peak value corresponding to a certain area in the matrix are all high, the overall stratification risk of the area may be greater. After this matrix is ​​established, the areas in each functional area where the risk exceeds the first preset threshold are screened according to the defect risk assessment matrix, and they are marked as suspicious stratification areas. The marked areas mean that they need to be paid special attention to when performing more safety inspections or online monitoring in the future. If the stratification risk continues to increase or extends to other adjacent parts, immediate measures can be taken to prevent the crack from spreading or replace components with obvious damage. Through this process, the effects of high-altitude corona discharge, UV aging and stress concentration on the stability of material layers are presented in the same evaluation matrix, providing a more comprehensive and accurate basis for timely discovery of hidden dangers and potential failure points of composite insulation structures.

[0091] In one embodiment of the present invention, the surface potential decay curve and photocurrent response of the ultraviolet radiation enhanced zone are cross-correlated analyzed to obtain the degree of degradation of the photoelectric characteristics of the material and evaluate the degree of interface stratification in the ultraviolet radiation enhanced zone, including: segmentally fitting the surface potential decay curve of the ultraviolet radiation enhanced zone, extracting the time constants of the fast decay stage and the slow decay stage, and calculating the surface charge trap density distribution in combination with the high-altitude ultraviolet radiation spectrum intensity data; performing spectrum analysis on the photocurrent response of the ultraviolet radiation enhanced zone, extracting the characteristic frequency components and amplitudes, and correcting the photocurrent response according to the high-altitude air pressure and temperature data to obtain a corrected photoconductivity change curve; cross-correlating the surface charge trap density distribution with the corrected photoconductivity change curve, calculating the correlation coefficient matrix, and determining the degree of degradation of the photoelectric characteristics of the material according to the correlation coefficient matrix; based on the degree of degradation of the photoelectric characteristics of the material, combined with the high-altitude ozone concentration and temperature cycle data, calculating the interface stress distribution, and evaluating the degree of interface stratification in the ultraviolet radiation enhanced zone.

[0092] Specifically, when performing segmented fitting on the surface potential decay curve of the UV radiation enhanced zone, it is necessary to first collect sufficiently dense time series data in the zone to ensure that there is a reasonable mathematical basis for distinguishing the fast decay stage from the slow decay stage. In the implementation process, the surface potential variation curve of the high-altitude UV radiation enhanced zone under various light intensity conditions can be pre-determined, and the experimental observation data can be input into the segmented fitting algorithm, and two different time periods can be selected as key intervals during fitting. The first interval corresponds to the time period of rapid potential decay in the early stage, which is used to extract the time constant of the rapid decay stage, and the second interval corresponds to the slow decay stage under a longer time scale, which is used to extract another set of time constants. If the time constant in the rapid decay stage is significantly less than a certain predetermined threshold, it indicates that the surface material has a strong charge shedding response to UV radiation, and if the time constant in the slow decay stage is longer than the expected value, it means that the residual charge may still be slowly released inside the material, suggesting that there are signs of poor stratification or aging at the interface. Combined with the high-altitude UV radiation spectrum intensity data, it is possible to conduct a detailed analysis of the impact of different bands of light on the charge trap distribution inside the material, and calculate the surface charge trap density distribution. If a significant increase in charge trap density is observed at extreme band intensities, it indicates that the material's microstructure has shown a deeper risk of aging or delamination.

[0093] When performing spectrum analysis on the photocurrent response in the UV radiation enhanced zone, it is necessary to synchronously collect the light signal received by the surface layer of the material and the generated current output in the time domain and frequency domain. The specific operation can be achieved by placing a photoelectric probe in the target area to record the response amplitude and phase of the current in real time as the incident light intensity and spectral components change. Subsequently, with the help of fast Fourier transform or coherent demodulation technology, the photocurrent response is split into a series of characteristic frequency components, and the amplitude of each frequency band is quantified to form a spectrum diagram of the photocurrent response. Since high-altitude air pressure and temperature often have a corrective effect on the conductive mechanism of the material interface, it is necessary to adjust the amplitude and phase of each frequency band of the photocurrent according to the acquired air pressure and temperature data to eliminate the influence of external environmental interference on the electron transition process and obtain the corrected photoconductivity change curve. If the amplitude of a certain frequency band is found to be abnormally high in a high-altitude area with low air pressure and large temperature variation, it means that the material may have undergone an enhanced photoelectric effect in this frequency band, suggesting that there is more obvious absorption or scattering behavior at the interface junction. If the photoconductivity variation curve still shows a high-amplitude peak after correction, it can be judged that the degree of UV aging in this area is more serious, and the potential microcrack distribution with a high correlation with delamination can be inferred.

[0094] When performing cross-correlation analysis on the surface charge trap density distribution and the corrected photoconductivity change curve, it is necessary to first create a corresponding two-dimensional matrix on the data processing platform, arrange the trap density on one axis, and arrange the photoconductivity change value on another axis, and calculate the correlation coefficient in a pixelated or gridded form. If the correlation coefficient matrix shows high value clustering near the diagonal, it means that the trap density and photoconductivity have a positive coupling relationship in the same band, indicating that the photoelectric properties of the material are deeply degraded, and the continuous action of ultraviolet radiation will cause a larger range of interface damage. If the correlation coefficient appears in a high-value block greater than a certain set threshold, it means that the material structure at this location has lost a stable electron transition channel, further exacerbating the possibility of delamination or peeling. The degree of degradation of the photoelectric properties of the material can be determined based on the correlation coefficient matrix, and combined with the analysis results, the interface stress distribution can be inferred based on the high-altitude ozone concentration and temperature cycle data. If the ozone concentration is on an upward trend and the temperature cycle amplitude is large, the interface will further weaken the bonding strength in repeated thermal expansion and contraction and oxidation reactions, accelerating the delamination process. When evaluating the degree of interface delamination in the UV radiation enhanced zone, the delamination risk value obtained can be superimposed after processing. If the corresponding parameter is shown to be above the critical value, it indicates that partial interlayer tearing or bonding layer delamination may have occurred in the area.

[0095] Through this deep combination of segmented fitting of the surface potential decay curve and photocurrent response spectrum analysis, a multi-dimensional degradation mechanism model of the material under the impact of ultraviolet radiation can be constructed, and the specific mode of coupling between the degree of degradation of the material's photoelectric properties and the interface stress can be accurately identified with cross-correlation analysis as the core means. The stratified evaluation results obtained in this way not only reflect the dominant aging phenomenon of the material under the action of high-altitude ultraviolet rays, but also quantify the interlayer adhesion degradation process caused by comprehensive factors such as the photoelectric effect, ozone, and thermal cycles, so that testers can better locate and judge the degree of stratification in the ultraviolet radiation-enhanced area.

[0096] Please continue reading Figure 1 , based on the environmental parameters, applying a gradually increasing mechanical tension to the suspected delamination area, acquiring deformation behavior data of the corresponding area, analyzing the interlayer vibration mode of the suspected delamination area according to the deformation behavior data, and determining the target area with microscopic delamination defects;

[0097] In one embodiment of the present invention, based on the environmental parameters, the suspected delamination area is subjected to a step-by-step increasing mechanical tension, the deformation behavior data of the corresponding area is obtained, the interlayer vibration mode of the suspected delamination area is analyzed according to the deformation behavior data, and the target area with micro-delamination defects is determined, including: calculating the material elastic modulus correction coefficient of the suspected delamination area according to the environmental parameters to obtain the corrected elastic modulus in the high-altitude environment; based on the corrected elastic modulus, applying initial mechanical tension to the suspected delamination area, and determining the tension increment step according to the high-altitude wind load data to obtain a step-by-step increasing mechanical tension sequence; applying the mechanical tension sequence to the suspected delamination area in sequence, obtaining stress-strain curves and acoustic emission signals under each tension level to form a deformation behavior data set; performing wavelet packet decomposition on the deformation behavior data set to extract the interlayer vibration characteristic frequency and energy distribution, and analyzing the interlayer vibration mode of the suspected delamination area in combination with the high-altitude temperature gradient data; calculating the vibration energy attenuation rate of each sub-area according to the inter-layer vibration mode, and determining the sub-area with a vibration energy attenuation rate lower than the second preset threshold as the target area with micro-delamination defects.

[0098] Specifically, when calculating the material elastic modulus correction coefficient of the suspected stratified area according to the environmental parameters, it is necessary to first incorporate the influencing factors such as high-altitude wind load, air pressure and humidity into the correction equation of the mechanical model, so as to perform a detailed calculation of the equivalent material parameters for the multilayer composite insulation material in the area. During implementation, the high-altitude wind load data, air temperature range and humidity information that have been obtained can be combined with the intrinsic elastic modulus of the target material under sea level conditions, and a set of conversion factors can be given using numerical analysis software to quantify the actual impact of high-altitude air pressure differences and wind-vibration coupling on material stiffness. If the air pressure in the high-altitude environment is significantly reduced and the temperature changes greatly, the elastic modulus correction coefficient will deviate from the original value, reflecting that the dynamic stress distribution experienced by the internal molecular structure of the material under high-altitude conditions has changed. The corrected elastic modulus in the high-altitude environment is obtained, which can more accurately characterize the stress state at the multi-layer interface in subsequent steps.

[0099] Based on the modified elastic modulus, when applying initial mechanical tension to the suspected delamination area, the initial stress value needs to be set according to the numerical range determined in the early stage. The stress value shall not exceed the design safety range of the composite insulation material, but sufficient deformation shall be generated in the suspected area so that significant stress-strain curve characteristics can be obtained during subsequent data collection. Subsequently, the tension increment step is determined according to the high-altitude wind load data to obtain a step-by-step increasing mechanical tension sequence. The core principle here is that the high-altitude wind load will exert disturbances on the material both horizontally and obliquely, and the wind speed has random pulsation characteristics. These measured wind speed components need to be introduced into the iterative algorithm to estimate the additional vibration that may be caused by each level of tension increase. When the tension is adjusted up successively, if the actual displacement or vibration signal of the surface layer of the material exceeds a certain threshold value, it can be buffered before the next loading to prevent excessive accumulation of stress concentration. After the graded and increasing tension loading, the suspected delamination area will produce a series of mechanical responses at different stress levels, providing multiple stress-strain curves and acoustic emission signals for the subsequent wavelet packet decomposition.

[0100] After applying the above mechanical tension sequence to the suspected delamination area in sequence and obtaining the stress-strain curve and acoustic emission signal under each tension, these data can be collectively referred to as the deformation behavior data set. This data set not only contains macroscopic mechanical responses (such as the linear or nonlinear stage of the stress-strain curve), but also contains more microscopic material damage signals (such as the amplitude, frequency and energy changes of the acoustic emission waveform). After collecting this data set, it can be processed by wavelet packet decomposition, and the interlayer vibration characteristic frequency and energy distribution can be extracted. The idea of ​​wavelet packet decomposition is to split the time domain signal into multiple scales according to the layered frequency band, and screen out the vibration characteristics reflecting the defects between material layers by comparing the energy coefficients of high-frequency and low-frequency sub-bands. In the high-altitude environment, due to the influence of wind vibration and thermal expansion and contraction on the material, the defective area will locally produce jumping high-frequency signals or energy surges, and these characteristics will form relatively sharp peaks on the wavelet packet energy spectrum. If a high-amplitude and continuous energy peak is found in a certain sub-band, it means that there is potential delamination or cracks at that position or between layers.

[0101] Combined with the high-altitude temperature gradient data, the interlayer vibration mode of the suspected delamination area can be further analyzed. The high-altitude temperature gradient often changes significantly during the day and night. When the sunlight is strong, the thermal stress of the surface and deep layers of the material will be significantly different and superimposed with the mechanical stress. If the suspected area shows different vibration mode distributions during the alternation of high and low temperatures, it means that the delamination defect has dynamic stress concentration due to the drastic temperature fluctuations. For example, if the number of high-frequency energy peaks detected at the highest temperature point of the day is more than double that in the early morning, and the stress-strain curve also shows an intensified fluctuation, it can be judged that the probability of crack expansion caused by the temperature difference between the layers is high.

[0102] After completing the analysis of the interlayer vibration mode, it is necessary to calculate the vibration energy attenuation rate of each sub-region based on the mode to determine the severity of the delamination defect. The vibration energy attenuation rate can be obtained by comparing the cumulative vibration energy values ​​of a sub-region at different time points or different tension levels: if the energy attenuation rate of a sub-region is significantly lower, it means that after applying an external impact of the same intensity, the vibration can still maintain a high amplitude or delayed propagation in this area, which means that the area lacks a complete internal support structure or there is a discontinuity, where energy is retained or reflected. The sub-regions with a vibration energy attenuation rate lower than the second preset threshold are identified as target areas with micro-delamination defects, which means that these sub-regions have obvious abnormalities and need to be checked or repaired as a priority. If it is found in a high-altitude operation inspection that there are multiple sub-regions near the support joint whose attenuation rates have successively fallen below the threshold, it means that these sub-regions have aggregated into larger-scale stratified layers, which will significantly reduce the overall safety performance in subsequent stress shocks, and reinforcement or replacement measures need to be taken in the short term. Through such a process of step-by-step loading, step-by-step testing and dynamic analysis, the microscopic peeling phenomenon at the multi-layer interface of materials can be effectively identified in high-altitude environments, and the detection process can be corrected based on environmental parameters such as temperature gradient and wind load data, so that the final results are more in line with the actual force and thermal characteristics of high-altitude operations.

[0103] Please continue reading Figure 1 , combining the environmental parameters, applying multiple thermal stress excitations to the target area, obtaining the thermal diffusion rate and temperature gradient distribution data of the target area, analyzing the microcrack propagation of the target area according to the thermal diffusion rate and temperature gradient distribution data, and obtaining a microcrack propagation evaluation result;

[0104] In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of applying multiple thermal stress excitations to the target area in combination with the environmental parameters, obtaining the thermal diffusion rate and temperature gradient distribution data of the target area, analyzing the microcrack extension of the target area according to the thermal diffusion rate and temperature gradient distribution data, and obtaining the microcrack extension evaluation result includes: calculating the thermal convection coefficient of the target area in combination with the environmental parameters, determining the temperature range and frequency of the thermal stress excitation, and generating a multiple thermal stress excitation sequence; applying the multiple thermal stress excitation sequences to the target area in sequence, and obtaining the temperature-time response curve of the target area under different thermal stress conditions; performing Fourier transform on the temperature-time response curve, extracting the thermal diffusion characteristic frequency, and calculating the thermal diffusion rate of the target area in combination with the material thermophysical property parameters under the high-altitude environment; performing thermal imaging scanning on the target area based on the thermal diffusion rate, obtaining the temperature gradient distribution data, and analyzing the temperature gradient abnormal area in combination with the high-altitude temperature fluctuation characteristics; calculating the microcrack stress intensity factor according to the temperature gradient abnormal area in combination with the high-altitude load distribution data, and obtaining the microcrack extension evaluation result.

[0105] Specifically, when calculating the thermal convection coefficient of the target area in combination with the environmental parameters, it is necessary to first conduct a comprehensive analysis of the data such as wind speed, air pressure and humidity in the high-altitude environment, and input these data into the thermodynamic model to determine the heat exchange capacity of the multilayer composite insulation structure in this area. If the wind speed is large and the air pressure is low, the temperature gradient between the material surface and the external environment will change significantly due to convective heat transfer. After these actually measured meteorological parameters and the initial temperature distribution data on the material surface are brought into the convective heat transfer equation, the corrected thermal convection coefficient can be obtained, and the temperature range and frequency of the thermal stress excitation can be determined based on this. If the coefficient value is high, it means that the surrounding airflow cools the target area relatively faster, and it is necessary to configure a larger temperature difference or a shorter heating and heat preservation time in the thermal stress excitation sequence to produce a sufficiently significant temperature change on the material surface. Subsequently, when generating multiple thermal stress excitation sequences, the heating and cooling processes of several frequency bands can be set on the time axis, so that the target area periodically undergoes thermal shock, thereby triggering the thermal diffusion process inside the material, and providing dynamic conditions for subsequent monitoring and calculation.

[0106] When applying multiple thermal stress excitation sequences to the target area in sequence, start with a small thermal shock with a lower temperature difference and a low frequency, and after obtaining the temperature-time response curve of the material, gradually increase the heating amplitude and adjust the heating frequency. In this process, it is necessary to use a temperature sensor array or a thermocouple to record the real-time temperature values ​​of the surface and inner layer of the material at different time nodes, and form one or more temperature-time response curves with these recording results. If the temperature of the material surface rises rapidly in a certain excitation step, but the temperature of the inner layer changes relatively slowly, it means that the heat diffusion in this area is hindered by certain interface defects or stratification. If the temperature-time response curve shows a delayed feature or an obvious segmented inflection point at a higher frequency or a larger temperature difference, it means that thermal insulation gaps may be formed in local locations inside the material, thereby changing the originally continuous heat transfer path.

[0107] When Fourier transforming the temperature-time response curve, it is necessary to divide the curve into several time windows and perform frequency domain transformation on the temperature signal in each time window to extract the characteristic frequency of heat diffusion. This characteristic frequency reflects the thermal conductivity and heat transfer delay effect of the material under periodic thermal shock. If the amplitude of certain frequency bands is found to be abnormally high in the transformation results, and the energy attenuation law between different frequency bands does not conform to the normal continuous heat transfer equation, it means that there are interfaces or defects in the target area that are unfavorable for heat energy conduction. Combined with the material thermophysical properties in the high-altitude environment, the heat diffusion rate of the target area can be further calculated to quantify the heat transfer rate of the material under high-altitude low-pressure and strong wind conditions. If the heat diffusion rate is much lower than the theoretical prediction value, it means that there is a more serious interlayer delamination or local cracks inside the multi-layer composite structure, resulting in the heat flow channel being blocked.

[0108] Based on the heat diffusion rate, when performing thermal imaging scanning on the target area, it is necessary to select appropriate infrared detection equipment to shoot and record the surface temperature field after thermal shock with high resolution to obtain temperature gradient distribution data. Temperature fluctuations under high-altitude conditions may be in a rapid reciprocating state, so images should be collected multiple times during the entire process of heating and cooling the material to form a continuous thermal imaging sequence. If the temperature gradient of certain parts is significantly higher than the surrounding area in the multiple frames of the thermal imaging, the part can be judged as an abnormal temperature gradient area. When analyzing such areas, it is necessary to consider the high-altitude temperature fluctuation characteristics, because the higher the altitude, the greater the temperature difference between day and night. If the material is repeatedly subjected to drastic temperature changes in a short period of time, the internal microcracks are likely to expand rapidly at the interface stress concentration point.

[0109] According to the abnormal temperature gradient area, combined with the high-altitude load distribution data, the microcrack stress intensity factor can be calculated to obtain the microcrack extension assessment result. When incorporating the high-altitude load distribution into the calculation, it is necessary to perform unified mechanical and thermal coupling modeling on the wind direction, load amplitude, and mechanical data of the material itself. If the material is simultaneously subjected to large tensile stress or shear stress at the temperature gradient abnormal point, the microcrack stress intensity factor will further increase, indicating that the part has a higher risk of failure under the combined action of thermal shock and mechanical stress. If the calculation results show that the stress intensity factor exceeds a predetermined safety threshold, it indicates that the target area has a tendency to extend cracks to a deeper level, and it is necessary to introduce strengthening measures or replace materials in subsequent maintenance or overhaul. Through this comprehensive process of multiple thermal stress excitations and subsequent thermal imaging and stress factor calculations, it is possible to more accurately locate heat transfer anomalies caused by delamination or cracks in the material, and use quantitative indicators to evaluate potential expansion risks, providing a more powerful safety guarantee for the high-altitude fall protection system.

[0110] Please continue reading Figure 1 , selecting optimal scanning parameters according to the electromagnetic interference data, performing high-resolution acoustic imaging scanning on the target area, acquiring medium reflection waveform data of the target area, determining the precise position and range of microscopic stratification defects according to the medium reflection waveform data, and generating defect location information.

[0111] In one embodiment of the present invention, the optimal scanning parameters are selected according to the electromagnetic interference data, a high-resolution acoustic imaging scan is performed on the target area, the medium reflection waveform data of the target area is obtained, the precise position and range of the micro-stratification defects are determined according to the medium reflection waveform data, and defect location information is generated, including: according to the electromagnetic interference data, in combination with the high-altitude ionosphere characteristics, the scanning parameters are optimized to obtain the optimal scanning frequency and pulse width; using the optimal scanning frequency and pulse width, a multi-angle acoustic imaging scan is performed on the target area to obtain medium reflection waveform data at different incident angles; time-frequency analysis is performed on the medium reflection waveform data to extract waveform characteristic parameters, and in combination with high-altitude environmental parameters, the depth and range of the reflection interface are calculated to determine the precise position and range of the micro-stratification defects; the precise position and range information of the micro-stratification defects is matched with the structural layout of the high-altitude fall prevention equipment to generate defect location information.

[0112] Specifically, according to the electromagnetic interference data, combined with the characteristics of the high-altitude ionosphere, when optimizing the scanning parameters, it is necessary to first quantify the atmospheric ionization in the high-altitude area, the distribution of spatial electromagnetic noise, and the electromagnetic field environment around the equipment, and then conduct a multi-dimensional evaluation of the transmission frequency and pulse width of the acoustic detection based on these quantitative results. If there is strong ionization interference in the surrounding environment or the electromagnetic noise amplitude in the medium and high frequency bands is high, it is necessary to reduce or convert the distribution interval of the scanning frequency accordingly to avoid serious coupling between the acoustic signal and the electromagnetic interference. After incorporating these environmental factors into the optimization algorithm, a balance point can be found between the peak power of the transmitted pulse, the pulse repetition interval, and the modulation bandwidth, so that the acoustic waveform still maintains a considerable signal-to-noise ratio in the attenuation environment of the high-altitude ionosphere. If the atmospheric ionization is weak and the interference in the mid-frequency band is relatively controllable, you can also try to moderately increase the scanning frequency to obtain a higher resolution. When setting the pulse width, the thickness of the multi-layer composite insulation material and the acoustic wave propagation characteristics in the high-altitude anti-fall equipment need to be considered. If the pulse width is too long, it will cause overlap between adjacent interface echoes, reducing the recognition of subsequent reflection information; if the pulse width is too short, it may introduce more attenuation losses under high-altitude low-pressure conditions. Through this joint analysis based on electromagnetic interference data and high-altitude ionosphere characteristics, the optimal scanning frequency and pulse width can be finally obtained, providing a stable foundation for subsequent multi-angle acoustic imaging scanning.

[0113] When performing multi-angle acoustic imaging scanning of the target area using the optimal scanning frequency and pulse width, the acoustic probe needs to be moved in an orderly manner in space and pulses are emitted at different incident angles to obtain multiple sets of medium reflection waveform data. During the implementation process, the fine positioning of the probe in the horizontal and vertical directions can be controlled by a number of fixed fixtures or multi-axis mobile platforms, so that each scan can maintain the same coupling state and output angle accuracy. If it is necessary to detect the curved surface or edge position of the high-altitude anti-fall equipment, a coupling layer can be attached to the surface of the equipment or a flexible waveguide material can be equipped at the end of the probe to prevent poor coupling caused by high-altitude wind load or uneven surface. Each emission of an acoustic pulse will form a reflection or refraction inside the material and return to the probe receiving end at different times. By recording the echo intensity, delay and phase change returned at different incident angles, a series of medium reflection data sets with three-dimensional information can be constructed. If a significantly abnormal reflection peak is received at a certain angle, and the time delay of the peak is continuously deviated after being compared with the adjacent angle, it can be preliminarily judged that there is a density discontinuity or material stratification here.

[0114] When performing time-frequency analysis on the medium reflection waveform data, it is necessary to use short-time Fourier transform or wavelet transform to fuse the characteristic information of the time domain and frequency domain, so as to extract the key parameters such as the main peak value, phase, energy distribution, etc. of the waveform. If an instantaneous high-amplitude spike appears in a certain time interval, and the frequency component of the spike is biased to the higher end, it means that there is a more drastic change in acoustic impedance on the surface or internal interface of the material, which means potential micro cracks or stratified voids. After combining the high-altitude environmental parameters, the sound velocity changes caused by atmospheric pressure, wind speed and temperature can be incorporated into the correction model for waveform delay, so as to calculate the depth and range of the reflection interface. If there is a significant deviation between the delay time of some echo signals and the sound velocity calculation results of the reference material, it means that the material thickness or density state at this position is different from the normal value. If the depth information measured at multiple incident angles is triangulated or cross-compared from multiple perspectives, the error range of defect location can be further reduced. Doing so can more accurately reflect the actual position of micro-stratified defects in three-dimensional space, and can also provide accurate basis for subsequent maintenance or reinforcement.

[0115] After determining the precise location and range of the micro-delamination defect, it is necessary to match the location with the structural layout of the high-altitude fall protection equipment to generate defect location information. By aligning the three-dimensional CAD model or layout diagram of the high-altitude fall protection equipment with the coordinate system obtained by acoustic scanning, the defect can be marked in the specific node or component number in the equipment structure. If the high-altitude fall protection system is composed of multiple layers of composite insulation materials, load-bearing components and high-voltage electric control lines, the severity of the interlayer delamination can be distinguished in the model by color or graphic representation, and the connectors or joints that may be affected can be prompted. If the scan results show that there is a large range of acoustic impedance anomalies in a local area, and the corresponding part happens to be a high-load or high-stress node, a warning level can be added to the defect location information to remind the on-site manager to quickly take replacement or reinforcement measures. If the defect location is small but near the high-voltage electric control line, it is also necessary to evaluate its potential impact on the insulation properties to prevent the risk of local discharge or breakdown. Through this process, defect location information not only helps identify failure hazards between material layers, but also plays a key role in equipment operation and maintenance management. If acoustic scanning is required again during subsequent inspections or high-altitude operations, the previous positioning information can be called up to track whether further expansion occurs in a targeted manner, ensuring that the entire set of high-altitude fall prevention equipment remains intact and safe under extreme operating conditions.

[0116] The above describes the defect detection method for the high altitude fall prevention system in the embodiment of the present invention. The following describes the defect detection device for the high altitude fall prevention system in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 , an embodiment of a defect detection device for a high altitude fall prevention system in an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0117] The regional division module 101 is used to regionalize the high-voltage electric control components and the multi-layer composite insulation structure in the high-altitude fall prevention equipment, obtain multiple functional areas, conduct preliminary investigation on each of the functional areas, and obtain environmental parameters and electromagnetic interference data of each area;

[0118] The high-voltage pulse analysis module 102 is used to determine the high-voltage pulse parameters of each functional area according to the environmental parameters and the electromagnetic interference data, apply corresponding high-voltage pulses to each functional area in turn, obtain the interface transient response data of the multi-layer composite insulation structure, analyze the microscopic stratification state of each functional area according to the interface transient response data, and obtain the suspected stratification area;

[0119] The mechanical tension analysis module 103 is used to apply a gradually increasing mechanical tension to the suspected delamination area based on the environmental parameters, obtain deformation behavior data of the corresponding area, analyze the interlayer vibration mode of the suspected delamination area according to the deformation behavior data, and determine the target area with microscopic delamination defects;

[0120] The thermal stress analysis module 104 is used to apply multiple thermal stress excitations to the target area in combination with the environmental parameters, obtain the thermal diffusion rate and temperature gradient distribution data of the target area, analyze the microcrack propagation of the target area according to the thermal diffusion rate and temperature gradient distribution data, and obtain the microcrack propagation evaluation result;

[0121] The acoustic imaging module 105 is used to select optimal scanning parameters according to the electromagnetic interference data, perform high-resolution acoustic imaging scanning on the target area, obtain medium reflection waveform data of the target area, determine the precise position and range of microscopic stratification defects according to the medium reflection waveform data, and generate defect location information.

[0122] above Figure 2 The defect detection device for the high-altitude fall prevention system in the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail from the perspective of modular functional entities. The defect detection device for the high-altitude fall prevention system in the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail from the perspective of hardware processing.

[0123] Figure 3 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a defect detection device for a high-altitude fall prevention system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The defect detection device 200 for a high-altitude fall prevention system may have relatively large differences due to different configurations or performances, and may include one or more processors (central processing units, CPU) 210 (for example, one or more processors) and a memory 220, and one or more storage media 230 (for example, one or more mass storage device terminals) storing application programs 233 or data 232. Among them, the memory 220 and the storage medium 230 can be short-term storage or permanent storage. The program stored in the storage medium 230 may include one or more modules (not shown in the figure), and each module may include a series of instruction operations in the defect detection device 200 for the high-altitude fall prevention system. Furthermore, the processor 210 may be configured to communicate with the storage medium 230, and execute a series of instruction operations in the storage medium 230 on the defect detection device 200 for the high-altitude fall prevention system to implement the steps of the defect detection method for the high-altitude fall prevention system.

[0124] The defect detection device 200 for the high altitude fall prevention system may also include one or more power supplies 240, one or more wired or wireless network interfaces 250, one or more input and output interfaces 260, and / or one or more operating systems 231, such as Windows Serve, Mac OS X, Unix, Linux, FreeBSD, etc. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that Figure 3The structure of the defect detection device for a high-altitude fall prevention system shown does not constitute a limitation on the defect detection device for a high-altitude fall prevention system provided by the present invention, and may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or a combination of certain components, or a different arrangement of components.

[0125] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium or a volatile computer-readable storage medium. Instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium. When the instructions are executed on a computer, the computer executes the steps of the defect detection method for a high-altitude fall prevention system.

[0126] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of the above-described system, device, or unit can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0127] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or the whole or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code.

[0128] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A defect detection method for a high altitude fall prevention system, characterized in that: include: The high-voltage electric control components and multi-layer composite insulation structures in the high-altitude fall prevention equipment are divided into regions to obtain multiple functional areas, and preliminary investigations are conducted on each of the functional areas to obtain environmental parameters and electromagnetic interference data of each area; Determine the high-voltage pulse parameters of each functional area according to the environmental parameters and the electromagnetic interference data, apply corresponding high-voltage pulses to each functional area in turn, obtain interface transient response data of the multi-layer composite insulation structure, analyze the microscopic stratification state of each functional area according to the interface transient response data, and obtain the suspected stratification area; Based on the environmental parameters, gradually increasing mechanical tension is applied to the suspected delamination area to obtain deformation behavior data of the corresponding area, and the interlayer vibration mode of the suspected delamination area is analyzed according to the deformation behavior data to determine the target area where microscopic delamination defects exist; In combination with the environmental parameters, multiple thermal stress excitations are applied to the target area to obtain the thermal diffusion rate and temperature gradient distribution data of the target area, and the microcrack propagation of the target area is analyzed according to the thermal diffusion rate and temperature gradient distribution data to obtain a microcrack propagation evaluation result; The optimal scanning parameters are selected according to the electromagnetic interference data, and a high-resolution acoustic imaging scan is performed on the target area to obtain medium reflection waveform data of the target area. The precise position and range of microscopic stratification defects are determined according to the medium reflection waveform data to generate defect location information.

2. The defect detection method for a high altitude fall prevention system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-voltage electric control components and multi-layer composite insulation structures in the high-altitude fall prevention equipment are divided into regions to obtain multiple functional areas, and preliminary investigations are conducted on each of the functional areas to obtain environmental parameters and electromagnetic interference data of each area, including: According to the spatial layout and stress characteristics of the high-altitude fall prevention equipment, the high-voltage electric control components and the multi-layer composite insulation structure are divided into a corona discharge sensitive area, an ultraviolet radiation enhanced area and a mechanical stress concentration area; Performing air ionization measurement and partial discharge detection on the corona discharge sensitive area to obtain ion concentration distribution data and discharge pulse distribution diagram of the corona discharge sensitive area; Measuring the ultraviolet intensity and material spectral reflectance of the ultraviolet radiation enhanced area to obtain ultraviolet radiation spectrum data and material aging degree data of the ultraviolet radiation enhanced area; Performing vibration spectrum analysis and dynamic stress analysis on the mechanical stress concentration area to obtain vibration modal data and stress wave propagation characteristics of the mechanical stress concentration area; According to the ion concentration distribution data, discharge pulse distribution diagram, ultraviolet radiation spectrum data, material aging degree data, vibration mode data and stress wave propagation characteristics, combined with the real-time air pressure change curve, the mutual influence coefficient of each parameter in the high-altitude extreme environment is calculated through a multi-parameter cross analysis method; The mutual influence coefficient is used to perform weighted fusion on the data to generate a comprehensive evaluation index reflecting the high-altitude electrical-thermal-mechanical coupling effect; Based on the comprehensive evaluation index, the obtained preliminary environmental parameters and preliminary electromagnetic interference data are corrected and refined, and the environmental parameters and electromagnetic interference data of each area are finally determined.

3. The defect detection method for a high altitude fall prevention system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The performing of vibration spectrum analysis and dynamic stress analysis on the mechanical stress concentration area to obtain vibration modal data and stress wave propagation characteristics of the mechanical stress concentration area includes: Obtain vibration response data of mechanical stress concentration areas under different high-altitude operation load conditions; Performing wavelet packet decomposition on the vibration response data to extract high-frequency weak vibration features and identify potential microcrack initiation position coordinates; Collecting acoustic signals near the coordinates of the potential microcrack initiation position; Adaptively performing noise elimination processing on the acoustic signal to eliminate interference caused by high-altitude wind loads and extract effective acoustic emission signals related to material damage; Analyze the time-frequency characteristics and energy distribution of the effective acoustic emission signal, and calculate the microcrack extension parameters in combination with the real-time high-altitude temperature gradient data; According to the microcrack propagation parameters, the propagation trend of microcracks in high-altitude extreme environments is evaluated to generate dynamic risk distribution data of mechanical stress concentration areas; The dynamic risk distribution data is used in combination with the load distribution information of the aerial work to calculate and update the vibration modal data and stress wave propagation characteristics of the mechanical stress concentration area.

4. The defect detection method for a high altitude fall prevention system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of determining the high-voltage pulse parameters of each functional area according to the environmental parameters and the electromagnetic interference data, applying corresponding high-voltage pulses to each functional area in sequence, obtaining the interface transient response data of the multi-layer composite insulation structure, and analyzing the microscopic stratification state of each functional area according to the interface transient response data to obtain the suspected stratification area includes: According to the environmental parameters and electromagnetic interference data, a step pulse sequence with increasing amplitude is used for the corona discharge sensitive area, a variable frequency sinusoidally modulated high voltage pulse is used for the ultraviolet radiation enhanced area, and a composite frequency oscillating attenuated pulse is applied to the mechanical stress concentration area; Applying corresponding high voltage pulses in each functional area in turn, obtaining the transient current waveform and charge-voltage characteristic curve of the corona discharge sensitive area, the surface potential decay curve and photocurrent response of the ultraviolet radiation enhanced area, and the acoustic emission signal and stress-strain response of the mechanical stress concentration area; The transient current waveform of the corona discharge sensitive area is subjected to wavelet transformation to extract the high-frequency component characteristics, and combined with the charge-voltage characteristic curve, the space charge accumulation area is identified and the microscopic stratification state of the corona discharge sensitive area is analyzed; the surface potential decay curve and photocurrent response of the ultraviolet radiation enhanced area are cross-correlated analyzed to obtain the degree of degradation of the material's photoelectric characteristics and evaluate the degree of interface stratification in the ultraviolet radiation enhanced area; the acoustic emission signal and stress-strain response of the mechanical stress concentration area are analyzed in a time-frequency joint manner to locate the microcrack initiation position and determine the interlayer bonding strength in the mechanical stress concentration area; Based on the information of space charge accumulation area, degradation degree of material photoelectric properties and microcrack initiation location, combined with the micro-stratification state analysis results of corona discharge sensitive area, ultraviolet radiation enhanced area and mechanical stress concentration area, a defect risk assessment matrix of multi-layer composite insulation structure is constructed; According to the defect risk assessment matrix, areas in each functional area where the defect risk exceeds a first preset threshold are determined, and these areas are marked as suspicious stratification areas.

5. The defect detection method for a high altitude fall prevention system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cross-correlation analysis of the surface potential decay curve and the photocurrent response of the ultraviolet radiation enhanced region to obtain the degree of degradation of the photoelectric characteristics of the material and evaluate the degree of interface stratification in the ultraviolet radiation enhanced region includes: The surface potential decay curve in the UV radiation enhanced area was fitted in sections, the time constants of the fast decay stage and the slow decay stage were extracted, and the surface charge trap density distribution was calculated by combining the high-altitude UV radiation spectrum intensity data; The spectrum analysis of the photocurrent response in the UV radiation enhanced area is carried out to extract the characteristic frequency components and amplitudes, and the photocurrent response is corrected according to the high-altitude air pressure and temperature data to obtain the corrected photoconductivity change curve; Performing cross-correlation analysis on the surface charge trap density distribution and the corrected photoconductivity change curve, calculating a correlation coefficient matrix, and determining the degree of degradation of the photoelectric properties of the material according to the correlation coefficient matrix; Based on the degree of degradation of the photoelectric properties of the material, combined with high-altitude ozone concentration and temperature cycle data, the interface stress distribution is calculated and the degree of interface stratification in the ultraviolet radiation enhanced zone is evaluated.

6. The defect detection method for a high altitude fall prevention system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of applying a gradually increasing mechanical tension to the suspected delamination area based on the environmental parameters, acquiring deformation behavior data of the corresponding area, analyzing the interlayer vibration mode of the suspected delamination area according to the deformation behavior data, and determining the target area where microscopic delamination defects exist, includes: Calculating a material elastic modulus correction coefficient of the suspected delamination area according to the environmental parameters to obtain a corrected elastic modulus in a high-altitude environment; Based on the modified elastic modulus, an initial mechanical tension is applied to the suspected delamination area, and a tension increasing step length is determined according to high-altitude wind load data to obtain a step-by-step increasing mechanical tension sequence; applying the mechanical tension sequence to the suspected delamination area in sequence, obtaining stress-strain curves and acoustic emission signals under each tension level, and forming a deformation behavior data set; Perform wavelet packet decomposition on the deformation behavior data set, extract interlayer vibration characteristic frequency and energy distribution, and analyze the interlayer vibration mode of the suspected stratified area in combination with high-altitude temperature gradient data; According to the interlayer vibration mode, the vibration energy attenuation rate of each sub-region is calculated, and the sub-region with a vibration energy attenuation rate lower than a second preset threshold is determined as a target region with microscopic delamination defects.

7. The defect detection method for a high altitude fall prevention system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of applying multiple thermal stress excitations to the target area in combination with the environmental parameters, obtaining the thermal diffusion rate and temperature gradient distribution data of the target area, analyzing the microcrack extension of the target area according to the thermal diffusion rate and temperature gradient distribution data, and obtaining the microcrack extension evaluation result includes: Calculating the thermal convection coefficient of the target area in combination with the environmental parameters, determining the temperature range and frequency of the thermal stress excitation, and generating multiple thermal stress excitation sequences; applying the multiple heat stress stimulation sequences to the target area in sequence to obtain a temperature-time response curve of the target area under different heat stress conditions; Performing Fourier transformation on the temperature-time response curve, extracting the characteristic frequency of thermal diffusion, and calculating the thermal diffusion rate of the target area in combination with the thermal physical property parameters of the material under the high-altitude environment; Based on the heat diffusion rate, a thermal imaging scan is performed on the target area to obtain temperature gradient distribution data, and combined with the high-altitude temperature fluctuation characteristics, the temperature gradient abnormal area is analyzed; According to the abnormal temperature gradient area, combined with the high-altitude load distribution data, the microcrack stress intensity factor is calculated to obtain the microcrack extension assessment result.

8. The defect detection method for a high altitude fall prevention system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of selecting optimal scanning parameters according to the electromagnetic interference data, performing high-resolution acoustic imaging scanning on the target area, acquiring medium reflection waveform data of the target area, determining the precise position and range of microscopic stratification defects according to the medium reflection waveform data, and generating defect location information includes: According to the electromagnetic interference data, combined with the characteristics of the high-altitude ionosphere, the scanning parameters are optimized to obtain the optimal scanning frequency and pulse width; Using the optimal scanning frequency and pulse width, a multi-angle acoustic imaging scan is performed on the target area to obtain medium reflection waveform data at different incident angles; Performing time-frequency analysis on the medium reflection waveform data, extracting waveform characteristic parameters, and combining high-altitude environmental parameters to calculate the depth and range of the reflection interface, and determine the precise location and range of micro-stratification defects; The precise position and range information of the microscopic stratification defects are matched with the structural layout of the high-altitude fall prevention equipment to generate defect location information.

9. A defect detection device for a high altitude fall prevention system, characterized in that: The defect detection for the high-altitude fall prevention system adopts the defect detection method for the high-altitude fall prevention system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the defect detection device for the high-altitude fall prevention system includes: The regional division module is used to divide the high-voltage electric control components and multi-layer composite insulation structures in the high-altitude fall prevention equipment into regions, obtain multiple functional areas, conduct preliminary investigations on each of the functional areas, and obtain environmental parameters and electromagnetic interference data of each area; A high-voltage pulse analysis module, used to determine the high-voltage pulse parameters of each of the functional areas according to the environmental parameters and the electromagnetic interference data, apply corresponding high-voltage pulses to each of the functional areas in sequence, obtain the interface transient response data of the multi-layer composite insulation structure, analyze the microscopic stratification state of each of the functional areas according to the interface transient response data, and obtain the suspected stratification area; A mechanical tension analysis module, for applying a gradually increasing mechanical tension to the suspected delamination area based on the environmental parameters, obtaining deformation behavior data of the corresponding area, analyzing the interlayer vibration mode of the suspected delamination area according to the deformation behavior data, and determining the target area with microscopic delamination defects; A thermal stress analysis module, used to apply multiple thermal stress excitations to the target area in combination with the environmental parameters, obtain the thermal diffusion rate and temperature gradient distribution data of the target area, analyze the microcrack extension of the target area according to the thermal diffusion rate and temperature gradient distribution data, and obtain a microcrack extension evaluation result; The acoustic imaging module is used to select optimal scanning parameters according to the electromagnetic interference data, perform high-resolution acoustic imaging scanning on the target area, obtain medium reflection waveform data of the target area, determine the precise position and range of microscopic stratification defects according to the medium reflection waveform data, and generate defect location information.

10. A defect detection device for a high altitude fall prevention system, characterized in that: The defect detection device for a high-altitude fall prevention system comprises: a memory and at least one processor, wherein instructions are stored in the memory; The at least one processor calls the instructions in the memory so that the defect detection device for the high-altitude fall prevention system performs the steps of the defect detection method for the high-altitude fall prevention system as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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