Armillaria mellea wild-like cultivation method

Abstract

The present application relates to Armillaria cultivation technical field, especially to a kind of Armillaria wild-like cultivation method.The present application provides a kind of Armillaria wild-like cultivation method, comprising the following steps: (1) the shrub cotoneaster is soaked using nutrient solution;(2) the shrub cotoneaster after soaking is placed in planting pit, and Armillaria seed is scattered, and after covering soil, culture is carried out, and every 30~40d is sprayed once nutrient supplement;(3) after starting to mushroom every year, 2~3 times of nutrient enhancer are sprayed.The Armillaria wild-like cultivation method provided in the present application can improve the utilization efficiency of Armillaria on shrub cotoneaster by pretreating shrub cotoneaster, and nutrient supplement and nutrient enhancer are added during the growth of Armillaria and when mushrooming, which can significantly shorten the mushrooming time of Armillaria, and can prolong the duration of mushrooming and improve the total yield of Armillaria, improve the economic benefit of planting farmers.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the Armillaria cultivation technical field, and particularly relates to a wild Armillaria cultivation method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Caragana is a plant of the genus Caragana in the family Fabaceae, and has developed root system and strong resistance, and is one of main sand-fixing tree species in desert grassland. With the rapid expansion of the Caragana planting area and the increase of the forest age, the Caragana planted in early stage appears different degrees of lignification and even serious death phenomenon due to the untimely cutting. The cutting can promote the plant to sprout a large number of branches at the base of the stump, play the reproductive compensation capacity, promote the growth of the Caragana root system and the renewal and rejuvenation, and is an economic and effective measure for solving the early decline and death of the Caragana.

[0003] In recent years, the branches cut down from the Caragana are mostly concentrated in the researches of feed and biomass pellet production, and have not reached the degree of large-scale commercialization, and the reason is that the technology is not mature and the economic benefit is low, so that the enthusiasm of farmers and herdsmen for the cutting of the Caragana is not high. Therefore, how to reasonably develop and utilize the branch resources of the Caragana is a problem to be solved at present.

[0004] Armillaria is a rare fungus with high nutritional value and medicinal value, and belongs to Basidiomycota, Agaricales, Physalacriaceae and Armillaria (Fr.) Staude. Armillaria is commonly known as hazel mushroom, and is edible mushroom of dishes such as chicken stewing mushroom. The mushroom is thick, delicious, and unique in flavor, and is a delicacy on people's table. In recent years, the market demand of Armillaria has been increasing year by year, but the wild Armillaria resources are limited and cannot meet the demand of people for eating Armillaria all the year round, so once the commercial cultivation of Armillaria is successful, the market prospect is huge.

[0005] In order to fully develop and utilize the sustainable cutting resources of the Caragana, the Caragana can be applied to the cultivation of Armillaria, and a large number of Caragana branches cut down are converted into Armillaria with high economic value, so that the rich cutting resources of the Caragana are efficiently utilized. For example, the technical scheme for cultivating Armillaria by using the Caragana is given in the document "Identification, biological characteristics and domestication cultivation of a wild Armillaria". However, the Armillaria is simply cultured by being scattered into the Caragana, and the utilization rate of the Armillaria to the Caragana is low, which not only leads to low yield of the Armillaria, but also long mushrooming period, and it takes about 3 years until most of the Caragana cutting branches are converted into Armillaria.

[0006] Therefore, how to provide an Armillaria mellea wild-like cultivation method to solve the low utilization rate of Armillaria mellea on Caragana, long Armillaria mellea fruiting period and low yield in the prior art is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to provide an Armillaria mellea wild-like cultivation method.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the application, the present application provides the following technical solutions.

[0009] The present application provides an Armillaria mellea wild-like cultivation method, comprising the following steps:

[0010] (1) Soaking Caragana with nutrient solution;

[0011] The nutrient solution comprises the following components in mass fraction: 30-40 parts of buckwheat extract, 20-30 parts of beet extract, 18-26 parts of acacia extract, 4-6 parts of methyl jasmonate, 5-7 parts of sucrose, 3-5 parts of threonine, 2-3 parts of methionine, 1-2 parts of glutamic acid and 4-6 parts of chitosan;

[0012] (2) Putting the soaked Caragana into a planting pit, scattering Armillaria mellea spores, covering soil and culturing, and spraying nutrient supplement every 30-40 days;

[0013] The nutrient supplement comprises the following components in mass fraction: 20-30 parts of buckwheat extract, 10-20 parts of beet extract, 12-16 parts of acacia extract, 4-6 parts of methyl jasmonate, 200-300 parts of urea and 160-200 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate;

[0014] (3) Spraying nutrient enhancer 2-3 times after Armillaria mellea fruiting every year;

[0015] The nutrient enhancer comprises the following components in mass fraction: 20-30 parts of buckwheat extract, 12-16 parts of beet extract, 10-20 parts of acacia extract, 4-6 parts of methyl jasmonate, 200-300 parts of urea, 80-120 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 20-30 parts of zinc sulfate and 20-30 parts of copper sulfate.

[0016] Preferably, the preparation method of the buckwheat extract, the beet extract and the acacia extract comprises the following steps: mixing raw materials with an extraction agent, reflux extraction, repeating 2-3 times, centrifuging the combined extraction liquid to obtain supernatant, freeze-drying after recovering the extraction agent under reduced pressure, and obtaining the extract.

[0017] Preferably, the ratio of the raw materials to the extraction agent is 1g:6-10mL; and the reflux extraction time is 60-80min.

[0018] Preferably, the centrifugation speed is 6000-7000 rpm for 12-16 min.

[0019] Preferably, when the raw material is tartary buckwheat, the extraction agent is ethanol with a volume concentration of 72-78%; when the raw material is sugar beet, the extraction agent is ethanol with a volume concentration of 62-68%; and when the raw material is tartary buckwheat, the extraction agent is ethyl acetate.

[0020] Preferably, the soaking time in step (1) is 2-4 h; and the mass ratio of caragana to armillaria strain in step (2) is 100 kg: 4-8 kg.

[0021] Preferably, the interval of spraying the nutrient enhancer in step (3) is 7-10 d.

[0022] Preferably, the preparation method of the nutrient solution in step (1) is as follows: tartary buckwheat extract, sugar beet extract, chebula extract, methyl jasmonate, sucrose, threonine, methionine, glutamic acid and chitosan are mixed to obtain material 1; and the material 1 is mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1: 15-20 to obtain the nutrient solution.

[0023] Preferably, the preparation method of the nutrient supplement in step (2) is as follows: tartary buckwheat extract, sugar beet extract, chebula extract, methyl jasmonate, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are mixed to obtain material 2; and the material 2 is mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1: 20-26 to obtain the nutrient supplement; and the application amount of the nutrient enhancer is 180-240 mL / m 2 .

[0024] Preferably, the preparation method of the nutrient enhancer in step (3) is as follows: tartary buckwheat extract, sugar beet extract, chebula extract, methyl jasmonate, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, zinc sulfate and copper sulfate are mixed to obtain material 3; and the material 3 is mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1: 16-20 to obtain the nutrient enhancer; and the application amount of the nutrient enhancer is 220-280 mL / m 2 .

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] In the prior art, caragana is directly used to cultivate armillaria, but it takes a long time for armillaria to colonize and proliferate in caragana. In the present application, caragana is soaked in a nutrient solution containing the nutrients and growth factors required for the growth of armillaria, so that armillaria can rapidly colonize and proliferate in caragana and decompose and utilize the nutrients in caragana.

[0027] Applicant found in previous experiments that the mycelium and cord of Armillaria mellea grow slowly, weakly and poorly on ordinary PDA medium, and the suitable propagation medium is buckwheat medium, which is completely different from the suitable medium of other Armillaria species reported at present, and it is speculated that the same species may not require the same propagation medium due to different producing places. Applicant further found through experiments that the phenolic substances in bitter buckwheat have a stimulating effect on the growth of Armillaria mellea. The bitter buckwheat extract prepared by the reflow extraction method contains not only rich bitter buckwheat polyphenols, but also various nutrients for Armillaria mellea to absorb and utilize. The sweet potato extract added in the nutrient solution has growth factors that can stimulate the growth of Armillaria mellea. The chebula extract added in the present application has good antioxidant activity, and the addition of this component can help Armillaria mellea resist external environmental stimulation to improve the stress resistance of Armillaria mellea. Methyl jasmonate belongs to a plant hormone, and the addition of this component can stimulate the expression of Armillaria mellea growth genes, stimulate the ability of Armillaria mellea to produce biological active enzymes such as amylase, protease and laccase, and enable Armillaria mellea to more rapidly and effectively utilize the nutrients in the shrub caragana. Therefore, the four components of bitter buckwheat extract, sweet potato extract, chebula extract and methyl jasmonate are added at the same time, which has the functions of stimulating the growth of Armillaria mellea, providing nutrients and improving the stress resistance of Armillaria mellea, so that Armillaria mellea can effectively utilize the shrub caragana.

[0028] The present application also sprays 2-3 times of nutrient enhancer before the Armillaria mellea grows, which has the effect of nutrient supplement and can also adjust the water content of the soil, which is helpful for the fruiting of Armillaria mellea. The present application also sprays nutrient enhancer after the Armillaria mellea grows, which can enhance the post-fruiting strength, promote the growth of mycelium, supplement nutrients, promote fruiting, increase yield and prolong the fruiting time. Therefore, the wild-like cultivation method of Armillaria mellea provided by the present application can improve the utilization efficiency of Armillaria mellea for the shrub caragana through pretreatment, and can significantly shorten the fruiting time of Armillaria mellea, prolong the duration of fruiting and improve the total yield of Armillaria mellea, thereby improving the economic benefits of farmers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to the provided drawings without any creative labor.

[0030] Figure 1The flow chart of the cultivation method of the prior art for the experimental example 1; wherein a. Armillaria mellis inoculates a shrub branch; b, c. The shrub branch grows a cord; d. The cultivated Armillaria mellis fruiting body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present application provides an Armillaria mellis wild-like cultivation method, comprising the following steps:

[0032] (1) Soaking the shrub with a nutrient solution;

[0033] (2) Putting the soaked shrub into a planting pit, scattering Armillaria mellis spores, covering the soil, and then cultivating, and spraying a nutrient supplement every 30-40 days;

[0034] (3) Spraying a nutrient enhancer 2-3 times every year after the fruiting body begins to grow;

[0035] In the present application, step (2) preferably sprays a nutrient supplement every 32-38 days; further preferably 34-36 days; more preferably 35 days.

[0036] In the present application, step (3) preferably sprays a nutrient enhancer 3 times.

[0037] The nutrient solution comprises the following components in mass fraction: 30-40 parts of tartary buckwheat extract, 20-30 parts of beet extract, 18-26 parts of acacia extract, 4-6 parts of methyl jasmonate, 5-7 parts of sucrose, 3-5 parts of threonine, 2-3 parts of methionine, 1-2 parts of glutamic acid, and 4-6 parts of chitosan; preferably 32-38 parts of tartary buckwheat extract, 22-28 parts of beet extract, 19-25 parts of acacia extract, 5 parts of methyl jasmonate, 6 parts of sucrose, 4 parts of threonine, 3 parts of methionine, 2 parts of glutamic acid, and 5 parts of chitosan; further preferably 34-36 parts of tartary buckwheat extract, 24-26 parts of beet extract, 20-24 parts of acacia extract, 5 parts of methyl jasmonate, 6 parts of sucrose, 4 parts of threonine, 3 parts of methionine, 2 parts of glutamic acid, and 5 parts of chitosan; more preferably 35 parts of tartary buckwheat extract, 25 parts of beet extract, 22 parts of acacia extract, 5 parts of methyl jasmonate, 6 parts of sucrose, 4 parts of threonine, 3 parts of methionine, 2 parts of glutamic acid, and 5 parts of chitosan.

[0038] The nutritional supplement comprises the following components in mass fraction: tartary buckwheat extract 20-30 parts, beet extract 10-20 parts, acacia extract 12-16 parts, methyl jasmonate 4-6 parts, urea 200-300 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 160-200 parts; preferably tartary buckwheat extract 22-28 parts, beet extract 12-18 parts, acacia extract 13-15 parts, methyl jasmonate 5 parts, urea 220-280 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 170-190 parts; further preferably tartary buckwheat extract 24-26 parts, beet extract 14-16 parts, acacia extract 14 parts, methyl jasmonate 5 parts, urea 240-260 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 180 parts; more preferably tartary buckwheat extract 25 parts, beet extract 15 parts, acacia extract 14 parts, methyl jasmonate 5 parts, urea 250 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 180 parts.

[0039] The nutritional supplement comprises the following components in mass fraction: tartary buckwheat extract 20-30 parts, beet extract 10-20 parts, acacia extract 12-16 parts, methyl jasmonate 4-6 parts, urea 200-300 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 160-200 parts; preferably tartary buckwheat extract 22-28 parts, beet extract 12-18 parts, acacia extract 13-15 parts, methyl jasmonate 5 parts, urea 220-280 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 170-190 parts; further preferably tartary buckwheat extract 24-26 parts, beet extract 14-16 parts, acacia extract 14 parts, methyl jasmonate 5 parts, urea 240-260 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 180 parts; more preferably tartary buckwheat extract 25 parts, beet extract 15 parts, acacia extract 14 parts, methyl jasmonate 5 parts, urea 250 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 180 parts.

[0040] In the present application, the preparation method of the tartary buckwheat extract, beet extract and acacia extract comprises the following steps: mixing raw materials with an extracting agent, reflux extraction, repeating 2-3 times, centrifuging the combined extract to obtain supernatant, recovering the extracting agent under reduced pressure and freeze-drying to obtain the extract; preferably repeating 3 times.

[0041] In the present application, the ratio of the raw materials to the extracting agent is 1g:6-10mL; preferably 1g:7-9mL; further preferably 1g:8mL.

[0042] In the present application, the reflux extraction time is 60-80min; preferably 64-76min; further preferably 68-72min; more preferably 70min.

[0043] In the present application, the centrifugal speed is 6000-7000 rpm for 12-16 min; preferably, the centrifugal speed is 6200-6800 rpm for 13-15 min; further preferably, the centrifugal speed is 6400-6600 rpm for 14 min; more preferably, the centrifugal speed is 6500 rpm for 14 min.

[0044] In the present application, when the raw material is bitter buckwheat, the extraction agent is ethanol with a volume concentration of 72-78%; preferably, 73-77%; further preferably, 74-76%; more preferably, 75%.

[0045] In the present application, when the raw material is sweet potato, the extraction agent is ethanol with a volume concentration of 62-68%; preferably, 63-67%; further preferably, 64-66%; more preferably, 65%.

[0046] In the present application, when the raw material is bitter buckwheat, the extraction agent is ethyl acetate.

[0047] In the present application, the soaking time in step (1) is 2-4 h; preferably, 3 h.

[0048] In the present application, the mass ratio of caragana to armillaria mellea in step (2) is 100 kg: 4-8 kg; preferably, 100 kg: 5-7 kg; further preferably, 100 kg: 6 kg.

[0049] In the present application, the interval of spraying the nutrient enhancer in step (3) is 7-10 d; preferably, 7-9 d; further preferably, 7 d.

[0050] In the present application, the preparation method of the nutrient solution in step (1) is as follows: bitter buckwheat extract, sweet potato extract, chebulic myrobalan extract, methyl jasmonate, sucrose, threonine, methionine, glutamic acid and chitosan are mixed to obtain material 1; the material 1 is mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:15-20 to obtain nutrient solution 1:16-19; preferably, 1:17-18; further preferably, 1:18.

[0051] In the present application, the preparation method of the nutrient supplement in step (2) is as follows: bitter buckwheat extract, sweet potato extract, chebulic myrobalan extract, methyl jasmonate, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are mixed to obtain material 2; the material 2 is mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:20-26 to obtain the nutrient supplement; preferably, 1:21-25; further preferably, 1:22-24; more preferably, 1:23.

[0052] In the present application, the application amount of the nutrient enhancer is 180-240 mL / m 2 ; preferably, 190-230 mL / m 2; more preferably 200 mL / m 2 ; more preferably 200 mL / m 2 .

[0053] In the present application, the preparation method of the nutritional enhancer in step (3) is as follows: mixing buckwheat extract, beet extract, chebula extract, methyl jasmonate, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, zinc sulfate and copper sulfate to obtain material 3; mixing the material 3 with water in a mass ratio of 1:16-20 to obtain the nutritional enhancer; preferably 1:17-19; further preferably 1:18.

[0054] In the present application, the application amount of the nutritional enhancer is 220-280 mL / m 2 ; preferably 230-270 mL / m 2 ; further preferably 240-260 mL / m 2 ; more preferably 250 mL / m 2 .

[0055] The technical solutions provided by the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with examples, but they should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] The present application provides a method for imitating wild cultivation of Armillaria mellea, and the steps are as follows:

[0058] (1) Preparation of buckwheat extract: mixing buckwheat with ethanol with a volume concentration of 72% at a ratio of 1 g:6 mL, refluxing for 60 min, repeating twice, centrifuging the combined extract at 6000 rpm for 12 min to take the supernatant, recovering ethanol at 42°C under reduced pressure, and freeze-drying to a water content of 4% to obtain the buckwheat extract.

[0059] (2) Preparation of beet extract: mixing beet with ethanol with a volume concentration of 62% at a ratio of 1 g:6 mL, refluxing for 60 min, repeating twice, centrifuging the combined extract at 6000 rpm for 12 min to take the supernatant, recovering ethanol at 42°C under reduced pressure, and freeze-drying to a water content of 4% to obtain the beet extract.

[0060] (3) Preparation of chebula extract: mixing chebula with ethyl acetate at a ratio of 1 g:6 mL, refluxing for 60 min, repeating twice, centrifuging the combined extract at 6000 rpm for 12 min to take the supernatant, recovering ethyl acetate at 42°C under reduced pressure, and freeze-drying to a water content of 4% to obtain the chebula extract.

[0061] (4) Preparation of the nutrient solution: 30 parts of tartary buckwheat extract, 20 parts of beet extract, 18 parts of chebula extract, 4 parts of methyl jasmonate, 5 parts of sucrose, 3 parts of threonine, 2 parts of methionine, 1 part of glutamic acid and 4 parts of chitosan are mixed to obtain material 1; the material 1 is mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:15 to obtain the nutrient solution.

[0062] (5) The caragana (about 50 cm long) is placed in a pot, and the nutrient solution is added, so that the nutrient solution just covers the caragana, and the caragana is soaked for 2 h.

[0063] (6) Preparation of the nutrient supplement: 20 parts of tartary buckwheat extract, 10 parts of beet extract, 12 parts of chebula extract, 4 parts of methyl jasmonate, 200 parts of urea and 160 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate are mixed to obtain material 2; the material 2 is mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:20 to obtain the nutrient supplement.

[0064] (7) The soaked caragana is placed in a planting pit, and the armillaria mellea strain is uniformly placed in the caragana branch pile, and the soil is covered by about 3 cm, and 5 cm thick wheat straw is covered on the soil layer. The soil humidity is maintained at 55% during the cultivation process, and the nutrient supplement is sprayed once every 30 d, and the application amount is 180 mL / m 2 ; The mass ratio of caragana to armillaria mellea strain is 100 kg:4 kg.

[0065] (8) Preparation of the nutrient enhancer: 20 parts of tartary buckwheat extract, 12 parts of beet extract, 10 parts of chebula extract, 4 parts of methyl jasmonate, 200 parts of urea, 80 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 20 parts of zinc sulfate and 20 parts of copper sulfate are mixed to obtain material 3; the material 3 is mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:16 to obtain the nutrient enhancer.

[0066] (9) After the mycelium and cord grow on the caragana branch for 13 months, the mushroom is started to grow for 30 d, after the mushroom is started to grow, the nutrient enhancer is sprayed twice, and the application amount is 220 mL / m 2 , and the time interval of each spraying is 7 d.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] The present application provides a kind of armillaria mellea wild cultivation method, steps are as follows:

[0069] (1) Preparation of tartary buckwheat extract: tartary buckwheat and ethanol with a volume concentration of 78% are mixed at a ratio of 1g:10mL, reflux extraction is carried out for 80min, repeated 3 times, the supernatant is obtained after centrifugation at 7000rpm for 16min after the extraction liquid is combined, and the ethanol is recovered under reduced pressure at 42 DEG C, then freeze-dried to obtain tartary buckwheat extract with a water content of 4%.

[0070] (2) Preparation of beet extract: beet was mixed with ethanol with a volume concentration of 68% at a ratio of 1 g: 10 mL, reflux extraction was carried out for 80 min, and the operation was repeated for 3 times. After the extraction liquid was combined, centrifugation was carried out at 7000 rpm for 16 min to obtain supernatant. After recovering ethanol at 42°C under reduced pressure, freeze-drying was carried out until the water content was 4%, and the beet extract was obtained.

[0071] (3) Preparation of Terminalia chebula extract: Terminalia chebula was mixed with ethyl acetate at a ratio of 1 g: 10 mL, reflux extraction was carried out for 80 min, and the operation was repeated for 3 times. After the extraction liquid was combined, centrifugation was carried out at 7000 rpm for 16 min to obtain supernatant. After recovering ethyl acetate at 42°C under reduced pressure, freeze-drying was carried out until the water content was 4%, and the Terminalia chebula extract was obtained.

[0072] (4) Preparation of nutrient solution: 40 parts of tartary buckwheat extract, 30 parts of beet extract, 26 parts of Terminalia chebula extract, 6 parts of methyl jasmonate, 7 parts of sucrose, 5 parts of threonine, 3 parts of methionine, 2 parts of glutamic acid and 6 parts of chitosan were mixed to obtain material 1. The material 1 was mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:20 to obtain the nutrient solution.

[0073] (5) The caragana (about 50 cm long) was placed in a pot, and the nutrient solution was added until the nutrient solution just covered the caragana, and then the caragana was soaked for 4 h.

[0074] (6) Preparation of nutrient supplement: 30 parts of tartary buckwheat extract, 20 parts of beet extract, 16 parts of Terminalia chebula extract, 6 parts of methyl jasmonate, 300 parts of urea and 200 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate were mixed to obtain material 2. The material 2 was mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:26 to obtain the nutrient supplement.

[0075] (7) The soaked caragana was placed in a planting pit, and the armillaria mellea strain was uniformly placed in the caragana branch pile, and the soil was covered by about 3 cm. A 7 cm thick straw was covered on the soil layer. During the cultivation process, the soil humidity was always maintained at 60%, and the nutrient supplement was sprayed every 40 d, and the application amount was 240 mL / m 2 ; The mass ratio of caragana to armillaria mellea strain was 100 kg: 8 kg.

[0076] (8) Preparation of nutrient enhancer: 30 parts of tartary buckwheat extract, 16 parts of beet extract, 20 parts of Terminalia chebula extract, 6 parts of methyl jasmonate, 300 parts of urea, 120 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 30 parts of zinc sulfate and 30 parts of copper sulfate were mixed to obtain material 3. The material 3 was mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:20 to obtain the nutrient enhancer.

[0077] (9) After the mycelium and cord grew on the caragana branches for 12 months, the mushrooms began to grow for 40 d. After the mushrooms began to grow, the nutrient enhancer was sprayed for 3 times, and the application amount was 280 mL / m 2 , and the time interval of each spraying was 10 d.

[0078] Example 3

[0079] The application provides a wild-like cultivation method of Armillaria mellea, and the steps are as follows:

[0080] (1) Preparation of the tartary buckwheat extract: tartary buckwheat and ethanol with a volume concentration of 75% are mixed at a ratio of 1 g:8 mL, and reflux extraction is carried out for 70 min, and the operation is repeated for 3 times; the extract is centrifuged at 6500 rpm for 14 min to obtain the supernatant; the ethanol is recovered at 42 DEG C under reduced pressure, and then freeze-drying is carried out until the water content is 4%, thereby obtaining the tartary buckwheat extract.

[0081] (2) Preparation of the beet extract: beet and ethanol with a volume concentration of 65% are mixed at a ratio of 1 g:8 mL, and reflux extraction is carried out for 70 min, and the operation is repeated for 3 times; the extract is centrifuged at 6500 rpm for 14 min to obtain the supernatant; the ethanol is recovered at 42 DEG C under reduced pressure, and then freeze-drying is carried out until the water content is 4%, thereby obtaining the beet extract.

[0082] (3) Preparation of the Terminalia chebula extract: Terminalia chebula and ethyl acetate are mixed at a ratio of 1 g:8 mL, and reflux extraction is carried out for 70 min, and the operation is repeated for 3 times; the extract is centrifuged at 6500 rpm for 14 min to obtain the supernatant; the ethyl acetate is recovered at 42 DEG C under reduced pressure, and then freeze-drying is carried out until the water content is 4%, thereby obtaining the Terminalia chebula extract.

[0083] (4) Preparation of the nutrient solution: tartary buckwheat extract 35 parts, beet extract 25 parts, Terminalia chebula extract 22 parts, methyl jasmonate 5 parts, sucrose 6 parts, threonine 4 parts, methionine 3 parts, glutamic acid 2 parts and chitosan 5 parts are mixed to obtain material 1; the material 1 is mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:18 to obtain the nutrient solution;

[0084] (5) The nutrient solution is added to a pot containing caragana (about 50 cm long) until the nutrient solution just covers the caragana, and then the caragana is soaked for 3 h;

[0085] (6) Preparation of the nutrient supplement: tartary buckwheat extract 25 parts, beet extract 15 parts, Terminalia chebula extract 14 parts, methyl jasmonate 5 parts, urea 250 parts and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 180 parts are mixed to obtain material 2; the material 2 is mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:23 to obtain the nutrient supplement;

[0086] (7) The soaked caragana is placed in a planting pit, and Armillaria mellea is uniformly placed in the caragana branch pile, and the soil is covered by about 3 cm, and 6 cm thick wheat straw is covered on the soil layer; the soil humidity is kept at 58% during the cultivation process, and the nutrient supplement is sprayed once every 35 d, and the application amount is 200 mL / m 2 ; the mass ratio of caragana to Armillaria mellea is 100 kg:6 kg;

[0087] (8) Preparation of the nutrient fortifier: 25 parts of tartary buckwheat extract, 14 parts of beet extract, 15 parts of chebula extract, 5 parts of methyl jasmonate, 250 parts of urea, 100 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 25 parts of zinc sulfate, and 25 parts of copper sulfate are mixed to obtain material 3; the material 3 is mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:18 to obtain the nutrient fortifier;

[0088] (9) The mycelium and cordon begin to fruit after growing on the branches of the shrub for 11 months, and the fruiting period is 35 days. After the fruiting begins, the nutrient fortifier is sprayed for 3 times, and the application amount is 250 mL / m 2 , and the time interval of each spraying is 7 days.

[0089] Experimental Example 1

[0090] The experiment of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus is carried out in a farmer's vegetable garden in the suburbs of Hohhot, Inner Mongolia. The variety of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus is screened by the inventor, and the source document is “Identification, Biological Characteristics and Domestication Cultivation of a Wild Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus” by Liu Xueying. Three plots in each test group are treated.

[0091] The cultivation method provided in Example 3 is used as the experimental group.

[0092] Control group 1: the other methods are the same as those in Example 3, and the only difference is that the tartary buckwheat extract, beet extract, chebula extract, and methyl jasmonate in the nutrient solution, nutrient supplement, and nutrient fortifier are all replaced with an equal amount of distilled water.

[0093] Control group 2: the other methods are the same as those in Example 3, and the only difference is that the tartary buckwheat extract and beet extract in the nutrient solution, nutrient supplement, and nutrient fortifier are replaced with an equal amount of distilled water.

[0094] Control group 3: the other methods are the same as those in Example 3, and the only difference is that the tartary buckwheat extract in the nutrient solution, nutrient supplement, and nutrient fortifier is replaced with an equal amount of distilled water.

[0095] Control group 4: the other methods are the same as those in Example 3, and the only difference is that the tartary buckwheat extract, beet extract, and chebula extract in the nutrient solution are all replaced with an equal amount of distilled water.

[0096] Control group 5: the other methods are the same as those in Example 3, and the only difference is that the shrub is not soaked with the nutrient solution.

[0097] Control group 6: the other methods are the same as those in Example 3, and the only difference is that the nutrient supplement is replaced with an equal amount of distilled water.

[0098] Prior art group: the cultivation method in the document “Identification, Biological Characteristics and Domestication Cultivation of a Wild Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus” by Liu Xueying is referred to.

[0099] The growth management methods of each test group were the same except for the cultivation methods. After the mushroom began to grow, the time from planting to the mushroom of the different test groups beginning to grow and the duration of the mushroom were investigated, and the fresh mushroom yield was counted, and the results were averaged, as shown in Table 1.

[0100] Table 1: Investigation of mushroom growth

[0101] Group Start of fruiting time Duration Yield kg / m 2 <!-- 7 -->]]> Experimental group 11.2 months 38.6d 4.26 Control group 1 16.2 months 32.9d 2.84 Control group 2 15.5 months 33.3d 2.98 Control group 3 15.1 months 33.8d 3.11 Control group 4 15.8 months 34.0d 3.92 Control group 5 16.4 months 34.6d 3.67 Control group 6 14.7 months 35.5d 3.85 Prior art group 18.3 months 31.5d 2.45

[0102] As can be seen from the content described in Table 1, the cultivation method provided by the present application can significantly shorten the mushroom growth time of hazel mushroom, improve the duration of mushroom growth, and further improve the total yield of hazel mushroom, indicating that the cultivation method is significantly superior to the prior art group.

[0103] As can be seen from the data of the control group, the use of the nutrient solution, the nutritional supplement and the nutritional enhancer of the present application has a significant promoting effect on the growth of hazel mushroom, and the addition of the bitter buckwheat extract, the beet extract, the chebulic acid extract and the methyl jasmonate has the most significant effect on the use effect of the preparation. The bitter buckwheat extract, the beet extract and the chebulic acid extract have a synergistic effect, and if one of them is discarded, it will significantly affect the use effect of the preparation.

[0104] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled persons in the technical field, several improvements and refinements can be made without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for simulating wild cultivation of Armillaria mellea, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Soak the caragana in nutrient solution; The nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of tartary buckwheat extract, 20-30 parts of beet extract, 18-26 parts of terminalia chebula extract, 4-6 parts of methyl jasmonate, 5-7 parts of sucrose, 3-5 parts of threonine, 2-3 parts of methionine, 1-2 parts of glutamic acid and 4-6 parts of chitosan; (2) Place the soaked Caragana korshinskii into the planting pit, sprinkle the Armillaria mellea fungus, cover with soil and cultivate, and spray the nutrient supplement every 30-40 days; The nutritional supplement comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20-30 parts of tartary buckwheat extract, 10-20 parts of beet extract, 12-16 parts of terminalia chebula extract, 4-6 parts of methyl jasmonate, 200-300 parts of urea, and 160-200 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate; (3) After the mushrooms start to grow, spray the nutrient enhancer 2 to 3 times a year; The nutritional enhancer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of tartary buckwheat extract, 12-16 parts of beet extract, 10-20 parts of terminalia chebula extract, 4-6 parts of methyl jasmonate, 200-300 parts of urea, 80-120 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 20-30 parts of zinc sulfate, and 20-30 parts of copper sulfate; The preparation method of the tartary buckwheat extract, beet extract and terminalia chebula extract comprises the following steps: mixing the raw materials with the extractant, performing reflux extraction, repeating the steps 2 to 3 times, combining the extracts and centrifuging to obtain the supernatant, recovering the extractant under reduced pressure and freeze-drying to obtain the extract; When the raw material is tartary buckwheat, the extractant is ethanol with a volume concentration of 72-78%; when the raw material is sugar beet, the extractant is ethanol with a volume concentration of 62-68%; when the raw material is terminalia chebula, the extractant is ethyl acetate.

2. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein The ratio of the raw material to the extractant is 1 g: 6-10 mL; and the reflux extraction time is 60-80 min.

3. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein The centrifugal speed is 6000-7000 rpm, and the time is 12-16 minutes.

4. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein The soaking time in step (1) is 2 to 4 hours; and the mass ratio of the caragana korshinskii to the Armillaria mellea strain in step (2) is 100 kg:4 to 8 kg.

5. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein The time interval for spraying the nutrient enhancer in step (3) is 7 to 10 days.

6. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein The preparation method of the nutrient solution in step (1) is as follows: tartary buckwheat extract, beet extract, terminalia chebula extract, methyl jasmonate, sucrose, threonine, methionine, glutamic acid and chitosan are mixed to obtain material 1; and the material 1 is mixed with water in a mass ratio of 1:15-20 to obtain a nutrient solution.

7. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein The preparation method of the nutritional supplement in step (2) is as follows: tartary buckwheat extract, beet extract, terminalia chebula extract, methyl jasmonate, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are mixed to obtain material 2; the material 2 is mixed with water in a mass ratio of 1:20-26 to obtain a nutritional supplement; the dosage of the nutritional enhancer is 180-240 mL / m 2 .

8. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein The preparation method of the nutritional enhancer in step (3) is as follows: tartary buckwheat extract, beet extract, terminalia chebula extract, methyl jasmonate, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, zinc sulfate and copper sulfate are mixed to obtain material 3; the material 3 is mixed with water in a mass ratio of 1:16-20 to obtain the nutritional enhancer; the application amount of the nutritional enhancer is 220-280 mL / m 2 .

Images