Coordination precipitation polymerization process for olefin polymerization and polyolefins

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of polyolefin technology, and discloses a coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization and a polyolefin thereof. The method includes mixing olefin monomers, a catalyst, and an auxiliary agent to carry out a polymerization reaction; the olefin monomers contain nonpolar monomers and polar monomers; the nonpolar monomers are selected from one or more of ethylene, α-olefins, and internal olefins; the polar monomers are selected from one or more of enols, unsaturated carboxylic acids, and unsaturated carboxylic acid esters; the catalyst is selected from a post-transition metal complex of formula (I). This invention eliminates the need for catalyst loading in the process, achieves self-forming polymerization of olefins using homogeneous catalysts, and prepares polyolefins with good particulate morphology.

Description

Coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization and polyolefins Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of polyolefin technology, and more specifically to a coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization and a polyolefin. Background Technology

[0002] Polyolefin products are inexpensive, have excellent performance, and are widely used. Olefin polymerization catalysts and polymerization processes are the core of polyolefin technology. From the development of olefin polymerization catalysts, there are two main aspects: (1) developing polyolefin resin catalysts that can prepare special or superior performance, such as metallocene catalysts and non-metallocene transition metal catalysts; (2) on the basis of further improving catalyst performance, simplifying catalyst preparation processes, reducing catalyst costs, and developing environmentally friendly technologies to improve efficiency and enhance competitiveness. Before the 1980s, the focus of polyethylene catalyst research was on pursuing catalyst efficiency. After nearly 30 years of effort, the catalytic efficiency of polyethylene catalysts has increased by orders of magnitude, thereby simplifying the production process of polyolefins and reducing energy and material consumption. Ziegler-Natta catalysts have been around for nearly 60 years. During this period, although polyolefin catalysts such as metallocene and non-metallocene have emerged, there are still many problems in their industrialization, such as the high cost of co-catalysts and the difficulty in loading the main catalyst. In recent years, olefin polymerization catalyst products have emerged in large numbers at home and abroad, and the stability and polymerization catalytic activity of catalysts have also been continuously improved. However, there are still shortcomings in terms of hydrogen sensitivity adjustment, control of catalyst particle regularity and particle size distribution. Current research is still focused on developing spherical or near-spherical supported catalysts with simple processes, good hydrogen sensitivity adjustment, and uniform particle size distribution.

[0003] Commonly used polymerization processes in the polyolefin industry include slurry polymerization, gas-phase polymerization, and bulk polymerization, with most catalysts being supported catalysts. Monomers are inserted into and grow in a complex form on the supported catalyst to prepare particulate polymer particles. The stability of the catalyst in the plant and the morphology of the polymer largely depend on the particle morphology, particle strength, and particle size distribution of the catalyst. Therefore, catalyst support technology has a crucial effect on the olefin polymerization process.

[0004] In his book *Principles of Polymerization*, Odian points out that precipitation polymerization is a polymerization process that begins in a homogeneous system but can rapidly transform into a heterogeneous system. Typically, precipitation polymerization occurs in solutions of monomers or monomers and solvents, and the resulting polymer precipitates out because it is insoluble in the reaction medium. In recent years, precipitation polymerization has attracted widespread research interest because it can produce surface-pure polymer microspheres. However, precipitation polymerization is mostly applied to free radical polymerization reactions. If precipitation polymerization and co-coordination polymerization can be combined, and the polymerization process can be controlled in commonly used solvents for coordination polymerization, it is possible to directly prepare polymer particles with good particle morphology from unloaded transition metal complexes via precipitation polymerization, which has promising application prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems of complex catalyst loading processes and polymer deashing and granulation post-processing in existing technologies, and to provide a coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization and polyolefins. This method controls the polymerization reaction process to achieve the direct preparation of polyolefins with good particle morphology by precipitation polymerization of olefin monomers under the action of post-transition metal complexes. It eliminates the complicated catalyst loading process, greatly simplifies the preparation process of the main catalyst, has low equipment requirements, low energy consumption, and low environmental pollution.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization, comprising mixing an olefin monomer, a catalyst, and an auxiliary agent, and carrying out a polymerization reaction; wherein the olefin monomer contains a nonpolar monomer and a polar monomer; the nonpolar monomer is selected from one or more of ethylene, α-olefins, and internal olefins; the polar monomer is selected from one or more of enols, unsaturated carboxylic acids, and unsaturated carboxylic acid esters; and the catalyst is selected from a post-transition metal complex of formula (I).

[0007]

[0008] Where M is selected from group VIII metals, R 11 -R 15Each of the following is independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 hydrocarbon groups; R3 and R4 are independently selected from halogen, C1-C10 hydrocarbon groups, P(R5)3, NR6R7 and OR8R9; or R3 and R4 are connected to each other to form an eight-membered ring, wherein R5 is selected from substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 alkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C6-C10 aryl; R6, R7, R8 and R9 are independently selected from C1-C10 hydrocarbon groups; or R6 and R7 are connected to N to form a five-membered or six-membered ring; or R8 and R9 are connected to O to form a five-membered or six-membered ring.

[0009] Preferably, the post-transition metal complex is selected from the following complexes:

[0010] Complex 1: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni and R is... 11 -R 15 R3 is H, R4 is CH3, and R5H5N is C5H5N.

[0011] Complex 2: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni and R is... 11 R 13 and R 14 For H, R 12 CH3, R 15 It is isopropyl, R3 is CH3, and R4 is C5H5N;

[0012] Complex 3: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni and R is... 11 -R 15 R3 is H, R4 is C6H5, and R5 is PMe3.

[0013] Complex 4: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni and R is... 11 R 13 and R 14 For H, R 12 CH3, R 15 It is isopropyl, R3 is C6H5, and R4 is PMe3;

[0014] Complex 5: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni and R is... 11 -R 15 H is present, and R3 and R4 are cyclooctene;

[0015] Complex 6: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni and R is... 11 R 13 and R 14 For H, R 12 CH3, R 15 R3 is isopropyl, and R4 is cyclooctene;

[0016] Complex 7: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni and R is... 11 -R 15 R3 is H, R4 is Cl, and R5 is C4H8O.

[0017] Complex 8: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni and R is... 11 R 13 and R 14 For H, R 12 CH3, R 15 It is isopropyl, R3 is Cl, and R4 is C4H8O;

[0018] Complex 9: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni and R is... 11 -R 15 R3 is H, R4 is Br, and R5 is C4H8O.

[0019] Complex 10: The complex shown in formula (I), wherein M is Ni and R is... 11 R 13 and R 14 For H, R 12 CH3, R 15 It is isopropyl, R3 is Br, and R4 is C4H8O;

[0020] Complex 11: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Pd and R is... 11 -R 15 R3 is H, R4 is CH3, and R5H5N is C5H5N.

[0021] Complex 12: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Pd and R is... 11 R 13 and R 14 For H, R 12 CH3, R 15 It is isopropyl, R3 is CH3, and R4 is C5H5N;

[0022] Complex 13: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Pd and R is... 11 -R 15 R3 is H, R4 is Cl, and R5 is PMe3.

[0023] Complex 14: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Pd and R is... 11 R 13 and R 14 For H, R 12 CH3, R 15 R3 is isopropyl, R4 is Cl, and R4 is PMe3.

[0024] Preferably, the enol is selected from monomers represented by formula (G1).

[0025]

[0026] L1-L3 are each independently selected from H or C1-C30 alkyl groups, and L4 is selected from C1-C30 alkylene groups with side groups.

[0027] Preferably, the unsaturated carboxylic acid is selected from monomers represented by formula (G2).

[0028]

[0029] L1-L3 are each independently selected from H or C1-C30 alkyl groups, and L4 is selected from C1-C30 alkylene groups with side groups.

[0030] Preferably, the unsaturated carboxylic acid ester is selected from monomers represented by formula (G3).

[0031]

[0032] L1-L3 are each independently selected from H or C1-C30 alkyl groups, L4 is selected from C1-C30 alkylene groups with side groups, and L5 is selected from C1-C30 alkyl groups.

[0033] Preferably, the additive is selected from one or more of organoaluminum compounds, organoboron compounds, and organosilicon compounds.

[0034] Preferably, the organoaluminum compound is AlR n X 1 3-n Wherein, R is H, a C1-C20 saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group, or a C1-C20 saturated or unsaturated alkyloxy group, preferably a C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 alkoxy, C7-C20 aralkyl, or C6-C20 aryl; X 1 It is a halogen, preferably chlorine or bromine; 0 <n≤3。

[0035] Preferably, the organoboron compound is an aromatic boron and / or a borate.

[0036] Preferably, the aromatic boron is selected from substituted or unsubstituted phenyl boron, and more preferably tris(pentafluorophenyl)boron.

[0037] Preferably, the borate is selected from N,N-dimethylphenylammonium tetra(pentafluorophenyl)borate and / or triphenylmethyl tetra(pentafluorophenyl)borate.

[0038] Preferably, the organosilicon compound is an alkylsilane compound.

[0039] Preferably, the alkylsilicon compound has the general formula SiH1H2H3H4, wherein H1 is selected from C1-C10 alkyl groups, and H2, H3 and H4 are each independently selected from C1-C10 alkyl groups or halogens.

[0040] Preferably, when the additive contains an organoaluminum compound, the molar ratio of the amount of aluminum in the organoaluminum compound to the amount of M in the catalyst is (10-10000000):1.

[0041] Preferably, when the additive contains an organoboron compound, the molar ratio of boron in the organoboron compound to M in the catalyst is (0.1-1000):1.

[0042] Preferably, when the additive contains an organosilicon compound, the molar ratio of silicon in the organosilicon compound to M in the catalyst is (10-10000000):1.

[0043] Preferably, when the additive is a combination of organoaluminum compound, organoboron compound and organosilicon compound, the molar ratio of the total amount of aluminum, boron and silicon in the additive to the amount of M in the catalyst is (10-11000000):1.

[0044] Preferably, the polymerization reaction is carried out in the presence of a solvent.

[0045] Preferably, the solvent is selected from one or more of alkanes, haloalkanes, and aromatic hydrocarbons.

[0046] Preferably, the alkane is selected from one or more of C3-C20 alkanes.

[0047] Preferably, the general formula of the haloalkane is R 1 X 2 n2 R 2 X 3 m2 , where X 2 and X 3 Each is independently selected from halogens, m2+n2≥1, R 1 Selected from C1-C10 alkyl or alkenyl groups, R 2 Selected from C1-C10 alkylene or alkenylene groups.

[0048] Preferably, the aromatic hydrocarbon has the general formula R 4 -Ph-R 3 , where R 3and R 4 Each is independently selected from hydrogen, phenyl, and C1-C10 alkanes.

[0049] Preferably, the conditions for the polymerization reaction include: a temperature of -50 to 180°C and a time of 10 to 200 minutes.

[0050] A second aspect of the present invention provides a polyolefin prepared by the coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization described above, wherein the polyolefin is spherical or near-spherical in shape.

[0051] Preferably, the average particle size of the polyolefin is 0.02-50 mm.

[0052] Preferably, the weight-average molecular weight of the polyolefin is 10,000-800,000.

[0053] Preferably, the molecular weight distribution index of the polyolefin is ≤10.

[0054] Preferably, the polyolefin has a melting point of 90-140°C.

[0055] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0056] (1) The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization described in this invention is a homogeneous reaction solution before the olefin monomers are polymerized. The transition metal complex does not need to be loaded on an inorganic or organic support. By controlling the polymerization process, the polyolefin precipitates out of the system and the polyolefin self-forms to prepare spherical or near-spherical polyolefins. Therefore, this invention can eliminate the catalyst loading process and realize the self-forming of olefin homogeneous catalyst polymerization to prepare olefin polymers with good particle morphology.

[0057] (2) The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization described in this invention can prepare spherical or near-spherical polar polyolefins with polar groups and high melting points, thereby introducing polar groups into the polyolefin chain, improving the interfacial compatibility of the polyolefin, and retaining its crystallinity.

[0058] (3) The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization described in this invention does not require subsequent processing such as granulation, and can directly obtain spherical or near-spherical polyolefins, which greatly simplifies the preparation process of the main catalyst, has low equipment requirements, low energy consumption, and low environmental pollution. Therefore, this invention has good industrial application prospects.

[0059] (4) The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization described in this invention directly prepares well-shaped spherical or near-spherical polyolefins by selecting the post-transition metal complex, olefin monomer and appropriate reaction conditions. The obtained polyolefins are not prone to scaling in the reactor and are easy to transport.

[0060] (5) The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization described in this invention can catalyze the polymerization reaction of olefin monomers with high activity, which can greatly simplify the process and reduce production costs. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The following provides a detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative and explanatory purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0062] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges and individual point values, and individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.

[0063] This invention provides a coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization, comprising mixing an olefin monomer, a catalyst, and an auxiliary agent, and carrying out a polymerization reaction; wherein the olefin monomer contains a nonpolar monomer and a polar monomer; the nonpolar monomer is selected from one or more of ethylene, α-olefins, and internal olefins; the polar monomer is selected from one or more of enols, unsaturated carboxylic acids, and unsaturated carboxylic acid esters; and the catalyst is selected from a post-transition metal complex of formula (I).

[0064]

[0065] Where M is selected from group VIII metals, R 11 -R 15 Each of the following is independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 hydrocarbon groups; R3 and R4 are independently selected from halogen, C1-C10 hydrocarbon groups, P(R5)3, NR6R7 and OR8R9; or R3 and R4 are connected to each other to form an eight-membered ring, wherein R5 is selected from substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 alkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C6-C10 aryl; R6, R7, R8 and R9 are independently selected from C1-C10 hydrocarbon groups; or R6 and R7 are connected to N to form a five-membered or six-membered ring; or R8 and R9 are connected to O to form a five-membered or six-membered ring.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, M in formula (I) is selected from nickel and palladium.

[0067] In this invention, R 11 -R 15 Each is independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 alkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C6-C15 aryl.

[0068] In this invention, at least one of R3 and R4 is selected from halogens and C1-C8 hydrocarbon groups, or R3 and R4 are interconnected to form an eight-membered ring. In one embodiment, R3 and R4 are each independently selected from halogens and C1-C8 hydrocarbon groups (such as C1-C8 alkyl or aryl). In another embodiment, R3 is selected from halogens and C1-C8 hydrocarbon groups (such as C1-C8 alkyl or aryl), R4 is selected from P(R5)3, NR6R7, and OR8R9, wherein R5 is selected from substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 alkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C6-C10 aryl, R6, R7, R8, and R9 are each selected from C1-C6 hydrocarbon groups, and R6 and R7 are interconnected with N to form a five-membered or six-membered ring, and R8 and R9 are interconnected with O to form a five-membered or six-membered ring. In yet another embodiment, R3 and R4 are interconnected to form an eight-membered ring.

[0069] In this invention, when R3 and R4 are interconnected to form an eight-membered ring, R3 and R4 can be interconnected to form cyclooctene, etc. When R3 and / or R4 are each independently selected from P(R5)3, for example, they can be PMe3, PPh, etc. 3、 PEt3, etc. When R3 and / or R4 are each independently selected from NR6R7, for example, they can be pyridine (C5H5N), 2-methylpyridine, 3-methylpyridine, 4-methylpyridine, etc. When R3 and / or R4 are each independently selected from OR8R9, for example, they can be tetrahydrofuran (C4H8O), 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 3-methyltetrahydrofuran, 2,5-dimethyltetrahydrofuran, 2,2-dimethyltetrahydrofuran, etc. In this document, "Me" refers to methyl, "Ph" refers to phenyl, and "Et" refers to ethyl.

[0070] In this invention, "substituted or unsubstituted" means containing a substituent, which can be selected from halogens, hydroxyl groups, C1-C6 alkyl groups, halogenated C1-C6 alkyl groups, C1-C6 alkoxy groups, or halogenated C1-C6 alkoxy groups.

[0071] In this invention, the alkyl group (such as C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C8 alkyl or C1-C10 alkyl) may be selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl or 3,3-dimethylbutyl.

[0072] In this invention, the alkoxy group (such as C1-C6 alkoxy) may be selected from methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy, n-pentoxy, isopentoxy, n-hexyloxy, isohexyloxy, or 3,3-dimethylbutoxy.

[0073] In this invention, the aryl group (such as C6-C10 aryl or C6-C15 aryl) may be selected from phenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 4-ethylphenyl, dimethylphenyl or vinylphenyl.

[0074] In this invention, the halogen is selected from fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.

[0075] In this invention, the post-transition metal complex is selected from the following complexes:

[0076] Complex 1: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni and R is... 11 -R 15 R3 is H, R4 is CH3, and R5H5N is C5H5N.

[0077] Complex 2: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni and R is... 11 R 13 and R 14 For H, R 12 CH3, R 15 It is isopropyl, R3 is CH3, and R4 is C5H5N;

[0078] Complex 3: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni and R is... 11 -R 15 R3 is H, R4 is C6H5, and R5 is PMe3.

[0079] Complex 4: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni and R is... 11 R 13 and R 14 For H, R 12 CH3, R 15 It is isopropyl, R3 is C6H5, and R4 is PMe3;

[0080] Complex 5: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni and R is... 11 -R 15 H is present, and R3 and R4 are cyclooctene;

[0081] Complex 6: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni and R is... 11 R 13 and R 14 For H, R 12 CH3, R 15 R3 is isopropyl, and R4 is cyclooctene;

[0082] Complex 7: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni and R is... 11 -R 15 R3 is H, R4 is Cl, and R5 is C4H8O.

[0083] Complex 8: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni and R is... 11 R 13 and R 14 For H, R 12 CH3, R 15 It is isopropyl, R3 is Cl, and R4 is C4H8O;

[0084] Complex 9: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni and R is... 11 -R 15 R3 is H, R4 is Br, and R5 is C4H8O.

[0085] Complex 10: The complex shown in formula (I), wherein M is Ni and R is... 11 R 13 and R 14 For H, R 12 CH3, R 15 It is isopropyl, R3 is Br, and R4 is C4H8O;

[0086] Complex 11: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Pd and R is... 11 -R 15 R3 is H, R4 is CH3, and R5H5N is C5H5N.

[0087] Complex 12: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Pd and R is... 11 R 13 and R 14 For H, R 12 CH3, R 15 It is isopropyl, R3 is CH3, and R4 is C5H5N;

[0088] Complex 13: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Pd and R is... 11 -R 15 R3 is H, R4 is Cl, and R5 is PMe3.

[0089] Complex 14: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Pd and R is... 11 R 13 and R 14 For H, R 12 CH3, R 15 R3 is isopropyl, R4 is Cl, and R4 is PMe3.

[0090] In this invention, the method for preparing the above-mentioned post-transition metal complex includes the following steps:

[0091] (1) React the compound shown in formula (II) with the compound shown in formula (III) to generate a ligand;

[0092] (2) The ligand is reacted with the metal compound M.

[0093]

[0094] Wherein, M metal is selected from group VIII metals, preferably nickel and / or palladium; R 11 -R 15 The definition is the same as described above.

[0095] In the method described in this invention, the M metal compound can be selected from nickel dimethyl dipyridinium (Py2NiMe2), bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene)nickel (Ni(COD)2), nickel dichlorotetrapyridinium (Ni2Cl2Py4), nickel diethylene glycol dimethyl ether bromide ((DME)NiBr2), nickel diethylene glycol dimethyl ether chloride ((DME)NiCl2), nickel dichlorodi(trimethylphosphine)triphosphate (NiCl2(PMe3)2), bis(pyridinium)bis[(trimethylsilyl)methyl]nickel (Ni(Py)2(CH2SiMe3)2), nickel chloro(phenyl)(N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,2-ethylenediamine) (NiArBr(TMEDA)), nickel dibenzyl dipyridinium (Ni(CH2)2) At least one of the following: (Ph)2Py2, phenyl(trimethylphosphine)nickel bromide (NiPhBr(PMe3)2), phenyl(triethylphosphine)nickel chloride (NiPhCl(PEt3)2), diphenyldi(trimethylphosphine)nickel (NiPh2(PMe3)2), dichlorodi(trimethylphosphine)nickel (NiCl2(PMe3)2), dimethyldipyridinium palladium (Pd(Me)2Py2), dichlorodipyridinium palladium (PdCl2Py2), di(pyridine)bis[(trimethylsilyl)methyl]palladium (Pd(Py)2(CH2SiMe3)2), dibenzyldipyridinium palladium (Pd(CH2Ph)2Py2), and methyl-1,5-cyclooctadiene-palladium chloride (Pd(COD)ClMe).

[0096] In the method described in this invention, the reaction processes in steps (1) and (2) are as shown in the following reaction formulas:

[0097]

[0098] Among them, M, R3, R4, R 11 -R 15 The definition is the same as described above.

[0099] In the method described in this invention, the compound represented by formula (II) can be of type S and / or type R.

[0100] In one specific embodiment, the reaction process of step (1) includes: dissolving the compound shown in formula (II) in anhydrous diethyl ether under a protective gas atmosphere (such as nitrogen), adding a dehydrogenating agent at room temperature, stirring at room temperature, adding tetrahydrofuran, and further stirring the resulting black solution containing the precipitate; then adding the compound shown in formula (III), stirring at room temperature, and quenching with an aqueous solution of NH4Cl; then extracting the organic phase with ethyl acetate, drying the resulting organic phase with anhydrous sodium sulfate; then adding methanol and concentrated hydrochloric acid, refluxing the reaction, removing the organic solvent after the reaction is complete, dissolving the product in ethyl acetate, neutralizing with an aqueous solution of NaHCO3, extracting the organic phase, and then sequentially drying, filtering, concentrating, and column chromatography to obtain the ligand (as shown in formula (IV)). The dehydrogenating agent can be at least one of NaH, KH, n-butyllithium, and methyllithium.

[0101] In another specific embodiment, the preparation process of step (1) includes: dissolving the compound shown in formula (II) in tetrahydrofuran under a protective gas atmosphere (such as nitrogen), adding a dehydrogenating agent (such as n-butyllithium) solution dropwise at -78°C, restoring to room temperature and continuing to stir until a precipitate (white) is obtained; then dispersing the compound shown in formula (III) in diethyl ether, adding it dropwise to the reaction system (the aforementioned mixture system that produced the precipitate) under an ice-water bath, heating to room temperature and stirring overnight; quenching with water, extracting the organic phase with diethyl ether, concentrating the obtained organic phase, deoxygenating by freezing cycle, adding concentrated hydrochloric acid to react under a protective gas atmosphere (such as nitrogen), monitoring the reaction by TLC until it is completed, adding NaHCO3 aqueous solution to neutralize, quenching with water, extracting the organic phase with diethyl ether, drying with anhydrous MgSO4, filtering, concentrating, and column chromatography to obtain the ligand shown in formula (IV).

[0102] In one specific embodiment, the reaction process in step (2) includes: dissolving the ligand obtained in step (1) and the metal M compound in an organic solvent under a protective gas atmosphere (such as nitrogen); then stirring and mixing the ligand solution and the metal M compound solution and reacting at room temperature; filtering; concentrating the filtrate; adding heptane for recrystallization to obtain the post-transition metal complex of the present invention (as shown in formula (I)). The organic solvent can be at least one of diethyl ether, toluene, and tetrahydrofuran.

[0103] In this invention, the α-olefin is selected from one or more of propylene, butene, pentene, hexene, octene, and 4-methyl-1-pentene.

[0104] In this invention, the internal olefin refers to an olefin whose double bond is not at the terminal position. An internal olefin of an olefin can be a mixture of multiple isomers or a single internal olefin. For example, butene can be 1-C4, cis-2-C4, trans-2-C4, and isobutene, or a mixture of one or more isomers. The catalyst structure and the composition of the mixed olefins have a certain influence on the structure and properties of the polymer product.

[0105] In this invention, the enol is selected from the monomers represented by formula (G1).

[0106]

[0107] L1-L3 are each independently selected from H or C1-C30 alkyl groups, and L4 is selected from C1-C30 alkylene groups with side groups.

[0108] In this invention, in formula (G1), L1 and L2 are H, L3 is H or a C1-C30 alkyl group, and L4 is a C1-C30 alkylene group with a side group. Preferably, L1 and L2 are H; L3 is H or a C1-C10 alkyl group or a halogen-substituted C1-C10 alkyl group, preferably H or a C1-C10 alkyl group; and L4 is a C1-C20 alkylene group with a side group, preferably a C1-C10 alkylene group with a side group. In a further preferred embodiment, L1 and L2 are H, L3 is H or a C1-C6 alkyl group, and L4 is a C1-C6 alkylene group with a side group. The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group refers to the number of carbon atoms in the straight chain, excluding the number of carbon atoms in the side group. For example, isopropylidene (-CH2-CH(CH3)-) is referred to herein as a C2 alkylene group with a side group (methyl).

[0109] In this invention, in formula (G1), the side group is selected from one of halogen, C6-C20 aryl with or without substituent, and C1-C20 alkyl with or without substituent; preferably, the substituent is selected from one of halogen, C1-C10 alkyl, and C6-C10 aryl.

[0110] In a preferred embodiment, in formula (G1), the side group is selected from halogens, phenyl groups, or C1-C6 alkyl groups. Examples of C1-C6 alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, or hexyl.

[0111] In this invention, the enol is selected from at least one of the following compounds: 2-methyl-3-buten-1-ol, 2-ethyl-3-buten-1-ol, 1,1-diphenyl-3-buten-1-ol, 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol, 2,2-dimethyl-3-buten-1-ol, 3-methyl-1-penten-3-ol, 2,4-dimethyl-4-penten-2-ol, 4-enyl-2-pentanol, 4-methyl-4-penten-2-ol, 2-methyl-4-penten-2-ol, 2-phenyl-4-penten-2-ol, 2-allylhexafluoroisopropanol, 2-hydroxy-5-hexene, 3-butenol. En-2-ol, 3-methyl-5-hexen-3-ol, 2-methyl-2-hydroxy-5-hexene, 1-allylcyclohexanol, 2,3-dimethyl-2-hydroxy-5-hexene, 1-hepten-4-ol, 4-methyl-1-hepten-4-ol, 4-n-propyl-1-hepten-4-ol, 6-hepten-3-ol, 2-methyl-2-hydroxy-6-heptene, 5-methyl-2-hydroxy-6-heptene, 2-hydroxy-3-methyl-6-heptene, 2-hydroxy-3-ethyl-6-heptene, 2-hydroxy-4-methyl-6-heptene, 2-hydroxy-5-methyl-6-heptene, 2,5-dimethyl -1-Hepten-4-ol, 2,6-Dimethyl-7-octen-2-ol, 2-Hydroxy-2,4,5-Trimethyl-6-Heptene, 2-Methyl-3-hydroxy-7-octene, 3-Methyl-3-hydroxy-6-heptene, 2-Methyl-2-hydroxy-7-octene, 3-Methyl-3-hydroxy-7-octene, 4-Methyl-2-hydroxy-7-octene, 4-Methyl-3-hydroxy-7-octene, 5-Methyl-3-hydroxy-7-octene, 6-Methyl-3-hydroxy-7-octene, 3-Ethyl-3-hydroxy-7-octene, 1,2-Dihydroxy-7-octene, 2,6-Dimethyl-2,6 -Dihydroxy-7-octene, 2,6-dimethyl-2,3-dihydroxy-7-octene, 2-methyl-2-hydroxy-3-chloro-7-octene, 2-methyl-2-hydroxy-3,5-dichloro-7-octene, 3,4-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-8-nonene, 4-methyl-4-hydroxy-8-nonene, 4-ethyl-4-hydroxy-8-nonene, 4-propyl-4-hydroxy-8-nonene, 7-octen-2-ol, 3,5-dichloro-2-methyl-7-octen-2-ol, 3-chloro-2-methyl-7-octen-2,3-diol, 2,6-dimethyl-7-octen-2,6-diol.

[0112] In this invention, the unsaturated carboxylic acid is selected from the monomers represented by formula (G2).

[0113]

[0114] L1-L3 are each independently selected from H or C1-C30 alkyl groups, and L4 is selected from C1-C30 alkylene groups with side groups.

[0115] In this invention, in formula (G2), L1 and L2 are H, L3 is H or a C1-C30 alkyl group, and L4 is a C1-C30 alkylene group with a side group. Preferably, L1 and L2 are H; L3 is H or a C1-C10 alkyl group or a halogen-substituted C1-C10 alkyl group, preferably H or a C1-C10 alkyl group; and L4 is a C1-C20 alkylene group with a side group, preferably a C1-C10 alkylene group with a side group. In a further preferred embodiment, L1 and L2 are H, L3 is H or a C1-C6 alkyl group, and L4 is a C1-C6 alkylene group with a side group. The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group refers to the number of carbon atoms in the straight chain, excluding the number of carbon atoms in the side group. For example, isopropylidene (-CH2-CH(CH3)-) is referred to herein as a C2 alkylene group with a side group (methyl).

[0116] In this invention, in formula (G2), the side group is selected from one of halogen, C6-C20 aryl with or without substituent, and C1-C20 alkyl with or without substituent; preferably, the substituent is selected from one of halogen, C1-C10 alkyl, and C6-C10 aryl.

[0117] In a preferred embodiment, in formula (G2), the side group is selected from halogens, phenyl groups, or C1-C6 alkyl groups. Examples of C1-C6 alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, or hexyl.

[0118] In this invention, the unsaturated carboxylic acid is selected from at least one of the following compounds: 2-methyl-4-pentenoic acid, 2,3-dimethyl-4-pentenoic acid, 2,2-dimethyl-4-pentenoic acid, 2-ethyl-4-pentenoic acid, 2-isopropyl-4-pentenoic acid, 2,2,3-trimethyl-4-pentenoic acid, 2,3,3-trimethyl-4-pentenoic acid, 2-ethyl-3-methyl-4-pentenoic acid, 2-(2-methylpropyl)-4-pentenoic acid, 2,2-diethyl-4-pentenoic acid, 2-methyl-2-ethyl-4-pentenoic acid, 2,2,3,3-tetramethyl-4-pentenoic acid, 2-methyl-5-hexenoic acid, 2- Ethyl-5-hexenoic acid, 2-propyl-5-hexenoic acid, 2,3-dimethyl-5-hexenoic acid, 2,2-dimethyl-5-hexenoic acid, 2-isopropyl-5-hexenoic acid, 2-methyl-2-ethyl-5-hexenoic acid, 2-(1-methylpropyl)-5-hexenoic acid, 2,2,3-trimethyl-5-hexenoic acid, 2,2-diethyl-5-hexenoic acid, 2-methyl-6-heptenoic acid, 2-ethyl-6-heptenoic acid, 2-propyl-6-heptenoic acid, 2,3-dimethyl-6-heptenoic acid, 2,4-dimethyl-6-heptenoic acid, 2,2-dimethyl-6-heptenoic acid, 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-6-heptenoic acid, 2 -Isopropyl-6-heptenic acid, 2,3,4-trimethyl-6-heptenic acid, 2-methyl-2-ethyl-6-heptenic acid, 2-(1-methylpropyl)-6-heptenic acid, 2,2,3-trimethyl-6-heptenic acid, 2,2-diethyl-6-heptenic acid, 2-methyl-7-octenic acid, 2-ethyl-7-octenic acid, 2-propyl-7-octenic acid, 2,3-dimethyl-7-octenic acid, 2,4-dimethyl-7-octenic acid, 2,2-dimethyl-7-octenic acid, 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-7-octenic acid, 2-isopropyl-7-octenic acid, 2,3,4-trimethyl-7-octenic acid, 2-methyl- 2-Ethyl-7-octenic acid, 2-(1-methylpropyl)-7-octenic acid, 2,2,3-trimethyl-7-octenic acid, 2,2-diethyl-7-octenic acid, 2-methyl-8-nonenoic acid, 2-ethyl-8-nonenoic acid, 2-propyl-8-nonenoic acid, 2,3-dimethyl-8-nonenoic acid, 2,4-dimethyl-8-nonenoic acid, 2,2-dimethyl-8-nonenoic acid, 2,2-diethyl-8-nonenoic acid, 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-8-nonenoic acid, 2-methyl-9-decenoic acid, 2,3-dimethyl-9-decenoic acid, 2,4-dimethyl-9-decenoic acid, 2-methyl-10-undecenoic acid.

[0119] In this invention, the unsaturated carboxylic acid ester is selected from the monomers shown in formula (G3).

[0120]

[0121] L1-L3 are each independently selected from H or C1-C30 alkyl groups, L4 is selected from C1-C30 alkylene groups with side groups, and L5 is selected from C1-C30 alkyl groups.

[0122] In this invention, in formula (G3), L1 and L2 are H, L3 is H or a C1-C30 alkyl group, and L4 is a C1-C30 alkylene group with a side group. Preferably, L1 and L2 are H; L3 is H, a C1-C10 alkyl group, or a halogen-substituted C1-C10 alkyl group, preferably H or a C1-C10 alkyl group; and L4 is a C1-C20 alkylene group with a side group, preferably a C1-C10 alkylene group with a side group. In a further preferred embodiment, L1 and L2 are H, L3 is H or a C1-C6 alkyl group, and L4 is a C1-C6 alkylene group with a side group. The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group refers to the number of carbon atoms in the straight chain, excluding the number of carbon atoms in the side group. For example, isopropylidene (-CH2-CH(CH3)-) is referred to herein as a C2 alkylene group with a side group (methyl).

[0123] In this invention, in formula (G3), the side group is selected from one of halogen, C6-C20 aryl with or without substituent, and C1-C20 alkyl with or without substituent; preferably, the substituent is selected from one of halogen, C1-C10 alkyl, and C6-C10 aryl.

[0124] In a preferred embodiment, in formula (G3), the side group is selected from halogens, phenyl groups, or C1-C6 alkyl groups. Examples of C1-C6 alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, or hexyl.

[0125] In this invention, in formula (G3), L5 is a C1-C20 alkyl group, preferably a C1-C10 alkyl group, and more preferably a C1-C6 alkyl group.

[0126] In this invention, the unsaturated carboxylic acid ester is selected from at least one of the following compounds: methyl 2-methyl-3-butenoate, methyl 2-methyl-4-pentenoate, ethyl 2-methyl-4-pentenoate, methyl 2,3-dimethyl-4-pentenoate, ethyl 2-methyl-3-butenoate, methyl 2,3-dimethylbutenoate, methyl 2-ethyl-3-butenoate, methyl 2,2-dimethyl-3-butenoate, methyl 2-methyl-3-methylenepentenoate, ethyl 2,3-dimethyl-3-butenoate, methyl 2-vinylhexanoate, ethyl 2-ethyl-3-butenoate, methyl 2-vinyl-3-pentanoate, methyl 2-vinyl-4-methyl-4-pentanoate, methyl 2,2-dimethyl-3-butenoate, methyl 2-vinyl-3-pentanoate, methyl 2-vinyl-4-methyl-4-pentanoate, methyl 2,2-dimethyl-3-butenoate, methyl 2-vinyl-3-pentanoate, methyl 2-vinyl-4-methyl-4-pentanoate, methyl 2-vinyl ... Ethyl acrylate, methyl 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-butenoate, isobutyl 2-methyl-3-butenoate, ethyl 2-(1-methylethyl)-3-butenoate, methyl 2,2,3-trimethyl-3-butenoate, ethyl 2-vinylhexanoate, methyl 2-ethyl-2-methyl-3-butenoate, methyl 3-methyl-5-hexenoate, methyl 4-methyl-5-hexenoate, ethyl 4-methyl-5-hexenoate, methyl 2-methyl-6-heptenoate, methyl 2,4-dimethyl-5-hexenoate, methyl 2-ethyl-5-hexenoate, methyl 3-methyl-5-hexenoate, methyl 4-methyl-5-hexenoate, methyl 2-ethyl-4-pentenoate, methyl 2-propyl-4-pentenoate, 2 2-propyl-5-hexenoate methyl ester, 2-propyl-4-pentenoate methyl ester, 2-butyl-5-hexenoate methyl ester, 3-vinylhexanoate methyl ester, 2-(2-propen-1-yl)-4-pentanoate methyl ester, 2-(3-buten-1-yl)-5-hexenoate methyl ester, 3,3-dimethyl-5-hexenoate methyl ester, 3-propyl-5-hexenoate ethyl ester, 3,3-dimethyl-5-hexenoate ethyl ester, 3,4,4-trimethyl-5-hexenoate methyl ester, 3-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-5-hexenoate ethyl ester, 3-methyl-2-oxo-5-hexenoate ethyl ester, 2-vinyl-3,3-dimethyl-5-hexanoate methyl ester, methyl-β-vinylbenzopropionate, 3-methyl-5-hexenoate Benzyl ester, methyl 2-propyl-6-heptenoate, methyl 2-methyl-6-heptenoate, ethyl 2-methyl-6-heptenoate, methyl 2,2-dimethyl-6-heptenoate, ethyl 2,4-dimethyl-6-heptenoate, ethyl 2-propyl-6-heptenoate, ethyl 2,2-dimethyl-6-heptenoate, 1,3-dimethyl 2-(4-penten-1-yl)malonic acid, 2-methyl-1,1-dimethyl 6-heptenoate, tert-butyl 2-methyl-3-butenoate, ethyl 2-isopropyl-3-butenoate, methyl 2-isobutyl-4-pentenoate, methyl 2,2-dimethyl-4-pentenoate, methyl 3,3-dimethyl-4-pentenoate, ethyl 3,3-dimethyl-4-pentenoate, 2,2-Dimethyl-4-pentenoate ethyl ester, 2-n-propyl-4-pentenoate methyl ester, 2-isopropyl-4-pentenoate methyl ester, 2-methyl-4-pentenoate isobutyl ester, allyl malonate diethyl ester, allyl malonate dimethyl ester, allyl succinic anhydride, 2-methyl-4-pentenoate ethyl ester, 2-methyl-4-pentenoate methyl ester, 3-methyl-4-pentenoate methyl ester, 3-ethyl-4-pentenoate methyl ester, 3-methyl-4-pentenoate isobutyl ester, 2-(tert-) Ethyl butyl (-4-pentenoate), 3-allyl dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one, methyl 2-(dimethylamino)-2-methylpent-4-enoate, methyl 3-methyl-4-pentenoate, methyl 2-methyl-5-hexenoate, methyl 2,2-dimethyl-5-hexenoate, ethyl 2,2-dimethyl-5-hexenoate, benzyl 2-methyl-5-hexenoate, methyl 4,4-dimethyl-6-heptenoate, methyl 2,4-dimethyl-9-decenoate.

[0127] In this invention, the additive is selected from one or more of organoaluminum compounds, organoboron compounds, and organosilicon compounds.

[0128] In this invention, when the additive contains an organoaluminum compound, the organoaluminum compound is AlR. n X 1 3-n Wherein, R is H, a C1-C20 saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group, or a C1-C20 saturated or unsaturated alkyloxy group, preferably a C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 alkoxy, C7-C20 aralkyl, or C6-C20 aryl; X 1 It is a halogen, preferably chlorine or bromine; 0 <n≤3。

[0129] In this invention, C1-C20 alkyl groups can be methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, tert-pentyl, neopentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-decyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, 4-methylcyclohexyl, 4-ethylcyclohexyl, 4-n-propylcyclohexyl, or 4-n-butylcyclohexyl; C1-C20 alkoxy groups can be methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, sec-butoxy, isobutoxy, tert-butoxy, n-pentoxy, isopentoxy, or tert-pentoxy; C7-C20 aralkyl groups can be phenylmethyl, phenylethyl, phenyln-propyl, phenylisopropyl, phenyln-butyl, or phenyl tert-butyl; C6-C20 aryl groups can be phenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 4-ethylphenyl, dimethylphenyl, or vinylphenyl.

[0130] In a preferred embodiment, the organoaluminum compound is selected from one or more of the following: trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum (AliBu3), tri-n-hexylaluminum, trioctylaluminum, diethylaluminum hydrogen, diisobutylaluminum hydrogen, diethylaluminum chloride (AlEt2Cl), diisobutylaluminum chloride, sesquiethylaluminum chloride, dichloroethylaluminum, methylaluminoxane (MAO), and modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO).

[0131] In a further preferred embodiment, the organoaluminum compound is methylaluminoxane (MAO).

[0132] In this invention, when the adjuvant contains an organoboron compound, the organoboron compound is an aromatic boron and / or a borate.

[0133] In this invention, when the organoboron compound is an aromatic boron, the aromatic boron is selected from substituted or unsubstituted phenyl boron, preferably tris(pentafluorophenyl)boron.

[0134] In this invention, when the organoboron compound is a borate, the borate is selected from N,N-dimethylphenylammonium tetra(pentafluorophenyl)borate and / or triphenylmethyl tetra(pentafluorophenyl)borate.

[0135] In this invention, when the additive contains an organosilicon compound, the organosilicon compound is an alkylsilane compound.

[0136] In this invention, the general formula of the alkylsilicon compound is SiH1H2H3H4, wherein H1 is selected from C1-C10 alkyl groups, and H2, H3 and H4 are each independently selected from C1-C10 alkyl groups or halogens.

[0137] In a preferred embodiment, the alkylsilane compound is selected from one or more of trimethylchlorosilane, dichlorodimethylsilane, propyl dimethylchlorosilane, dichloroethylmethylsilane, tert-butyldimethylchlorosilane, diisopropylchlorosilane, trichloroethylsilane, chloromethyldimethylchlorosilane, di-tert-butylchlorosilane, dichloro(methyl)propylsilane, methyltrichlorosilane, and trichloroethylsilane.

[0138] In this invention, when the additive contains an organoaluminum compound, the molar ratio of aluminum in the organoaluminum compound to element M in the catalyst is (10-10,000,000):1, preferably (10-100,000):1, and more preferably (100-10,000):1. Specifically, the molar ratio of aluminum in the organoaluminum compound to element M in the catalyst can be 100:1, 200:1, 300:1, 500:1, 700:1, 800:1, 1000:1, 2000:1, 3000:1, 5000:1, or 10000:1.

[0139] Preferably, when the auxiliary contains an organoboron compound, the molar ratio of boron in the organoboron compound to element M in the catalyst is (0.1-1000):1, more preferably (0.1-500):1. Specifically, the molar ratio of boron in the organoboron compound to element M in the catalyst can be 0.1:1, 0.2:1, 0.5:1, 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 5:1, 8:1, 10:1, 20:1, 50:1, 100:1, 200:1, 300:1, or 500:1.

[0140] Preferably, when the additive contains an organosilicon compound, the molar ratio of silicon in the organosilicon compound to element M in the catalyst is (10-10,000,000):1, more preferably (10-200,000):1. Specifically, the molar ratio of silicon in the organosilicon compound to element M in the catalyst can be 10:1, 20:1, 50:1, 100:1, 500:1, 1000:1, 1500:1, 2000:1, 5000:1, 10000:1, 100000:1, or 200000:1.

[0141] In this invention, when the additive is a combination of organoaluminum compounds, organoboron compounds, and organosilicon compounds, the molar ratio of the total amount of aluminum, boron, and silicon in the additive to the amount of element M in the catalyst is (10-1,1000,000):1, preferably (10-200,000):1. Specifically, the molar ratio of the total amount of aluminum, boron, and silicon in the additive to the amount of element M in the catalyst can be 10:1, 20:1, 50:1, 100:1, 500:1, 1000:1, 1500:1, 2000:1, 5000:1, 10000:1, 100000:1, 150000:1, or 200000:1.

[0142] In this invention, the polymerization reaction is carried out in the presence of a solvent in order to make the polymerization reaction more complete.

[0143] In a preferred embodiment, the solvent is selected from one or more of alkanes, haloalkanes, and aromatic hydrocarbons.

[0144] In this invention, the alkane is selected from one or more of C3-C20 alkanes, preferably one or more of C3-C10 alkanes, more preferably one or more of butane, isobutane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane and cyclohexane, and even more preferably one or more of hexane, heptane and cyclohexane.

[0145] In this invention, the general formula of the haloalkane is R. 1 X 2 n2 R 2 X 3 m2 , where X 2 and X 3 Each is independently selected from halogens, m2+n2≥1, R 1 Selected from C1-C10 alkyl or alkenyl groups, R 2 Selected from C1-C10 alkylene or alkenylene groups. The alkenyl group refers to a straight-chain alkenyl, branched alkenyl, or cycloalkenyl group; specifically, the alkenyl group is vinyl, allyl, or butenyl.

[0146] In a preferred embodiment, the haloalkane is selected from one or more of chloroform, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, dichloropropane, and trichloroethylene.

[0147] In this invention, the general formula of the aromatic hydrocarbon is R. 4 -Ph-R 3 , where R 3 and R 4 Each is independently selected from hydrogen, phenyl, and C1-C10 alkanes, and Ph represents the benzene ring.

[0148] In a preferred embodiment, the aromatic hydrocarbon is selected from one or more of pentylbenzene, ethylbenzene, xylene, toluene, and benzene.

[0149] In a preferred embodiment, the polymerization reaction is carried out under anhydrous and oxygen-free conditions.

[0150] In this invention, the nonpolar monomer with ≤3 carbon atoms is generally a gas, and its amount is adjusted by controlling the pressure of the reaction system. In some specific embodiments, the amount of the nonpolar monomer is such that the pressure of the reaction system is 1-20 atm, preferably 5-15 atm. Specifically, when the nonpolar monomer is ethylene, the ethylene pressure in the reaction system is 1-20 atm, preferably 5-15 atm, and for example, it can be 5 atm, 8 atm, 10 atm, 11 atm, 12 atm, 13 atm, 14 atm, or 15 atm.

[0151] In this invention, the pressure refers to absolute pressure.

[0152] In this invention, the polar monomer is generally a liquid, and its amount is adjusted by controlling the concentration of the polar monomer in the liquid raw material. In some specific embodiments, the concentration of the polar monomer in the liquid raw material (typically including the polar monomer, catalyst, auxiliaries, and solvent) is 0.01-6000 mmol / L, preferably 0.1-1000 mmol / L, and more preferably 1-500 mmol / L. Specifically, the concentration of the polar monomer in the polymerization raw material can be 1 mmol / L, 50 mmol / L, 100 mmol / L, 150 mmol / L, 200 mmol / L, 250 mmol / L, 300 mmol / L, 350 mmol / L, 400 mmol / L, 450 mmol / L, or 500 mmol / L.

[0153] In this invention, the concentration of the catalyst in the liquid feedstock is 0.00001-100 mmol / L, preferably 0.0001-1 mmol / L, more preferably 0.001-0.5 mmol / L, and even more preferably 0.002-0.1 mmol / L. Specifically, the concentration of the catalyst in the liquid feedstock can be 0.002 mmol / L, 0.004 mmol / L, 0.006 mmol / L, 0.008 mmol / L, 0.01 mmol / L, 0.02 mmol / L, 0.04 mmol / L, 0.06 mmol / L, 0.08 mmol / L, or 0.1 mmol / L.

[0154] In this invention, the conditions for the polymerization reaction include: a temperature of -50 to 180°C and a time of 10 to 200 min.

[0155] In a preferred embodiment, the polymerization reaction temperature is -20 to 100°C, more preferably 20 to 100°C. Specifically, the polymerization reaction temperature can be 20°C, 30°C, 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C, 90°C, or 100°C; the polymerization reaction time is 20 to 60 minutes. Specifically, the polymerization reaction time can be 20 minutes, 25 minutes, 30 minutes, 35 minutes, 40 minutes, 45 minutes, 50 minutes, 55 minutes, or 60 minutes.

[0156] The second aspect of the present invention provides a polyolefin prepared by the coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization described above, wherein the polyolefin is spherical or near-spherical in shape; the average particle size of the polyolefin is 0.02-50 mm, preferably 0.05-50 mm, more preferably 0.2-20 mm, specifically, the average particle size of the spherical or near-spherical polymer can be 0.2 mm, 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm or 20 mm.

[0157] In this invention, the weight-average molecular weight of the polyolefin is 10,000-800,000, preferably 10,000-500,000. Specifically, the molecular weight of the polyolefin can be 10,000, 20,000, 30,000, 40,000 or 50,000.

[0158] In this invention, the molecular weight distribution index of the polyolefin is ≤10, preferably 1.5-10. Specifically, the molecular weight distribution index of the polyolefin can be 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 6, 8 or 10.

[0159] In this invention, the molecular weight distribution index represents M. w / M n .

[0160] In this invention, the melting point of the polyolefin is 90-140℃. Specifically, the melting point of the polyolefin can be 90℃, 100℃, 110℃, 120℃, 125℃, 130℃, 135℃ or 140℃.

[0161] In this invention, the density of the polyolefin is 0.3-0.85 g / cm³. 3 The preferred value is 0.4-0.75 g / cm³. 3 Specifically, the density of the spherical or near-spherical polymer can be 0.4 g / cm³. 3 0.45g / cm 3 0.5g / cm 3 0.55g / cm 3 0.6g / cm 3 0.65g / cm 3 0.7g / cm 3 0.75g / cm 3 .

[0162] In this invention, the density is measured using the method in GB / T6343-2009.

[0163] In this invention, according to the coordination precipitation polymerization method, nonpolar monomers and polar monomers undergo polymerization in the presence of an unsupported catalyst to prepare spherical or spherical polymer particles. This method not only eliminates the complicated catalyst loading process, but also greatly simplifies the polymer deashing and granulation post-processing steps, which can inject new vitality into olefin polymerization technology.

[0164] The following examples further illustrate the coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization and the polyolefins described in this invention. These examples are implemented based on the technical solution of this invention, providing detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures; however, the scope of protection of this invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0165] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following embodiments are conventional methods in the art. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental materials used in the following embodiments are commercially available.

[0166] The polymer was washed with a dilute acid solution before measurement to ensure that the metal content in the polymer was ≤50ppm.

[0167] The analytical and characterization instruments used in this invention are as follows:

[0168] 1. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer: Bruker DMX 300 (300MHz), tetramethylsilyl (TMS) as internal standard, used at 25℃ to test the structure of complex ligands.

[0169] 2. Comonomer content of the copolymer: using... 13 The analysis was performed using C NMR spectroscopy on a 400MHz Bruker Avance 400 NMR spectrometer, with a 10mm PASEX 13 probe, at 130°C by dissolving the polymer sample in deuterated tetrachloroethane.

[0170] 3. Polymer molecular weight and molecular weight distribution index (PDI) (PDI = M w / M n The standard was determined at 150 °C using a PL-GPC220 column with trichlorobenzene as the solvent (standard: PS, flow rate: 1.0 mL / min, column: 3×Plgel 10 μm M1×ED-B 300×7.5 nm).

[0171] 4. Activity measurement method: Gravimetric analysis. The polymerization activity is calculated as follows: Polymer activity = Polymer weight (g) / Metal complex (mol) × 60 / Polymerization time (min).

[0172] 5. Polymer density test method: Refer to GB / T 6343-2009 for testing.

[0173] Example 1

[0174] Complex 1: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni and R is... 11 -R 15 R3 is H, R4 is CH3, and R5H5N is C5H5N.

[0175] In a nitrogen atmosphere, the compound (11.23 g, 30 mmol, S type) of formula (II) was dissolved in anhydrous diethyl ether (150 mL), and n-butyllithium solution (2.5 M, 36 mL, 90 mmol) was added dropwise at room temperature. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 h, and tetrahydrofuran (150 mL) was added. The resulting black solution containing the precipitate was stirred for another 1 h. Dicyclohexylphosphine chloride (90 mmol, 19.2 mL) was added at 0 °C, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The mixture was then quenched with NH4Cl aqueous solution (5 mL). The organic phase was extracted with ethyl acetate, dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and refluxed for 16 h with methanol (100 mL) and 5 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid. After the reaction was completed by TLC, the organic solvent was removed, the product was dissolved in ethyl acetate, neutralized with NaHCO3 aqueous solution, and the organic phase was extracted. The product was dried with anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated, and subjected to column chromatography (dichloromethane as solvent) to obtain ligand I1 in 42% yield. 1 HNMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ=1.15-1.38(m, 20H), 1.67-1.84(m, 16H), 1.89-2.00(m, 4H), 2.15(t, 2 H), 2.25(t, 2H), 6.53(d, 2H), 7.10(d, 2H), 7.25(t, 2H), 7.33(t, 2H), 7.88(d, 2H), 8.03(s, 2H); 31 P NMR (162MHz, CDCl3): δ = -20.21(s); High-resolution mass spectrometry: Theoretical value: 679.38; Measured value: 679.30;

[0176] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, ligand I1 (0.68 g, 1 mmol) and nickel source (Py2NiMe2) (0.49 g, 2.0 mmol) were dissolved separately in diethyl ether (10 mL). The ligand solution was then added dropwise to the nickel source solution under vigorous stirring and reacted at room temperature for 10 h. The mixture was filtered to obtain a brownish-yellow solution, and the solvent was removed under vacuum to obtain complex 1 with a yield of 71%. Elemental analysis showed that complex 1 (C...)... 56 H 70 N2Ni2O2P2): Theoretical values ​​are: C, 68.46; H, 7.18; N, 2.85; Test values ​​are: C, 68.87; H, 7.32; N, 2.74.

[0177] A 1L stainless steel polymerization reactor equipped with a mechanical stirrer was continuously dried at 130℃ for 6 hours, and then evacuated while hot and replaced with N2 three times. 500 mL of heptane, 30 mmol (6.0 mL) of 2,6-dimethyl-7-octen-2-ol, 36 mL of AliBu3 (1.0 mol / L n-pentane solution), and 3.5 mL of MAO (1.53 mol / L toluene solution) were added to the polymerization system, along with 2.5 mg (2.5 μmol) of complex 1. The reaction was carried out at 30℃ with an ethylene pressure of 10 atm and stirred for 30 min. Finally, the mixture was neutralized with an ethanol solution acidified with 10 wt% hydrochloric acid to obtain polyolefin A1. The polymerization activity of polyolefin A1 was 4.3 × 10⁻⁶. 5 g·mol -1 ·h -1 The polyolefin A1 has a weight-average molecular weight of 76,000, a molecular weight distribution index of 2.0, a hydroxyl content of 0.96%, a melting point of 120.2℃, an average particle size of spherical polymers of polyolefin A1 of 2.05 mm, and a density of 0.534 g / cm³. 3 The yield of spherical polymers in polyolefin A1 was 61%.

[0178] Example 2

[0179] Complex 1: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni and R is... 11 -R 15 R3 is H, R4 is CH3, and R5H5N is C5H5N.

[0180] In this embodiment, the preparation method and process of complex 1 are the same as those of complex 1 in Example 1;

[0181] A 1L stainless steel polymerization reactor equipped with a mechanical stirrer was continuously dried at 130℃ for 6 hours, and then evacuated while hot and replaced with N2 three times. 500mL of hexane, 30mmol (4.0mL) of 3,3-dimethyl-4-pentenoic acid, 36mL of AliBu3 (1.0mol / L hexane solution), and 4.8mg (6.0μmol) of N,N-dimethylphenylamine tetra(pentafluorophenyl)borate were added to the polymerization system, along with 2.5mg (2.5μmol) of complex 1. The reaction was carried out at 30℃ with an ethylene pressure of 10 atm and stirred for 30 minutes. Finally, the mixture was neutralized with an ethanol solution acidified with 10wt% hydrochloric acid to obtain polyolefin A2. The polymerization activity of polyolefin A2 was 4.72 × 10⁻⁶. 5 g·mol -1 ·h -1The weight-average molecular weight of polyolefin A2 is 113,000, the molecular weight distribution index is 3.25, the molar content of carboxyl groups in polyolefin A2 is 1.20%, the melting point of polyolefin A2 is 127.3℃, the average particle size of spherical polymers in polyolefin A2 is 2.11 mm, and the density of polyolefin A2 is 0.732 g / cm³. 3 The yield of spherical polymers in polyolefin A2 was 62%.

[0182] Example 3

[0183] Complex 1: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni and R is... 11 -R 15 R3 is H, R4 is CH3, and R5H5N is C5H5N.

[0184] In this embodiment, the preparation method and process of complex 1 are the same as those of complex 1 in Example 1;

[0185] A 7 mL stainless steel glass-lined polymerization reactor equipped with a mechanical stirrer was continuously dried at 130 °C for 2 h. While still hot, a vacuum was applied and the reactor was purged three times with N2 gas. 3.0 mL of pentane, 0.5 mL (3.1 mmol) of methyl 3,3-dimethyl-4-pentenoate, 1.1 mL of AlEt2Cl (3.0 mol / L hexane solution), and 1.0 mL (3.0 mmol / L dichloromethane solution) of triphenylmethyl tetra(pentafluorophenyl)borate were added to the polymerization system. 0.1 mL (3.0 mmol / L dichloromethane solution) of complex 1 was added. The reaction was carried out at 20 °C with an ethylene pressure of 10 atm and stirred for 20 min. Finally, the mixture was neutralized with an ethanol solution acidified with 10 wt% hydrochloric acid to obtain polyolefin A3. The polymerization activity of polyolefin A3 was 7.32 × 10⁻⁶. 5 g·mol -1 ·h -1 The weight-average molecular weight of polyolefin A3 is 57,000, the molecular weight distribution index of polyolefin A3 is 3.27, the ester molar content in polyolefin A3 is 2.11%, the average particle size of the near-spherical polymers in polyolefin A3 is 0.53 mm, and the yield of spherical polymers in polyolefin A3 is 61%.

[0186] Example 4

[0187] Complex 1: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni and R is... 11 -R 15 R3 is H, R4 is CH3, and R5H5N is C5H5N.

[0188] In this embodiment, the preparation method and process of complex 1 are the same as those of complex 1 in Example 1;

[0189] A 7 mL stainless steel glass-lined polymerization reactor equipped with a mechanical stirrer was continuously dried at 130 °C for 2 h, and then evacuated while hot and replaced with N2 three times. 4.0 mL of heptane, 600 μL (3.86 mmol) of 2-octene, 100 μL of AliBu3 (0.1 mol / L heptane solution), and 60.0 μL (1.0 mmol / L dichloromethane solution) of triphenylmethyl tetra(pentafluorophenyl)borate were added to the polymerization system. 50 μL (1.0 mmol / L dichloromethane solution) of complex 1 was added, and the reaction was carried out at 60 °C with an ethylene pressure of 10 atm and stirred for 30 min. Finally, the mixture was neutralized with an ethanol solution acidified with 10 wt% hydrochloric acid to obtain polyolefin A4. The polymerization activity of polyolefin A4 was 7.13 × 10⁻⁶. 5 g·mol -1 ·h -1 The weight-average molecular weight of polyolefin A4 is 74,000, the molecular weight distribution index of polyolefin A4 is 3.3, the melting point of polyolefin A4 is 118.8℃, the average particle size of the near-spherical polymer in polyolefin A4 is 0.55mm, and the yield of the spherical polymer in polyolefin A4 is 53%.

[0190] Example 5

[0191] Complex 9: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni and R is... 11 -R 15 R3 is H, R4 is Br, and R5 is C4H8O.

[0192] In this embodiment, the preparation method and process of ligand I1 are the same as those of ligand I1 in Example 1;

[0193] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, ligand I1 (0.68 g, 1 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran, and excess NaH (0.072 g, 3 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 h, and the NaH was removed by filtration. A tetrahydrofuran solution of (DME)NiBr2 (0.617 g, 2 mmol) was added dropwise, and the mixture was reacted overnight at room temperature. The solvent was dried under vacuum, and the mixture was dissolved in dichloromethane (40 mL). The filter cake was removed by filtration, the filtrate was concentrated, and heptane was added for recrystallization to obtain complex 9 with a yield of 75%. Elemental analysis showed that complex 9 (C 52 H 70 Br2Ni2O4P2): Theoretical values ​​are: C, 56.87; H, 6.42; Test values ​​are: C, 57.01; H, 6.61.

[0194] A 50 mL stainless steel polymerization reactor equipped with a mechanical stirrer was continuously dried at 130 °C for 6 h, and then evacuated while hot and replaced with N2 three times. 20 mL of hexane, 0.5 mL (3.1 mmol) of methyl 3,3-dimethyl-4-pentenoate, and 1.60 mL of AlEt2Cl (2.0 mol / L hexane solution) were added to the reactor, followed by 0.5 mL (1.0 mmol / L toluene solution) of complex 9. The reaction was carried out at 30 °C with an ethylene pressure of 10 atm and vigorous stirring for 30 min. The mixture was then neutralized with an ethanol solution acidified with 10 wt% hydrochloric acid to obtain polyolefin A5. The polymerization activity of polyolefin A5 was 7.94 × 10⁻⁶. 5 g·mol -1 ·h -1 The weight-average molecular weight of polyolefin A5 is 118,000, the molecular weight distribution index of polyolefin A5 is 2.1, the ester molar content in polyolefin A5 is 1.03%, the polymer melting point of polyolefin A5 is 120.7℃, the average particle size of the near-spherical polymer in polyolefin A5 is 0.82 mm, and the yield of the spherical polymer in polyolefin A5 is 59%.

[0195] Example 6

[0196] Complex 9: The complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni and R is... 11 -R 15 R3 is H, R4 is Br, and R5 is C4H8O.

[0197] A 7 mL stainless steel glass-lined polymerization reactor equipped with a mechanical stirrer was continuously dried at 130 °C for 2 h, and then evacuated while hot and purged three times with N2 gas. 4.0 mL of heptane, 0.5 mL (2.66 mmol) of 2,6-dimethyl-7-octen-2-ol, 1.0 mL of AliBu3 (95%), and 60.0 μL (1.0 mmol / L toluene solution) of triphenylmethyl tetra(pentafluorophenyl)borate were added to the polymerization system, along with 50 μL (1.0 mmol / L toluene solution) of complex 9. The reaction was carried out at 30 °C with an ethylene pressure of 10 atm and stirred for 30 min. Finally, the mixture was neutralized with an ethanol solution acidified with 10 wt% hydrochloric acid to obtain polyolefin A6. The polymerization activity of polyolefin A6 was 5.02 × 10⁻⁶. 5 g·mol -1 ·h -1 The weight-average molecular weight of polyolefin A6 is 101,000, the molecular weight distribution index of polyolefin A6 is 3.2, the polymerization melting point of polyolefin A6 is 118.9℃, the molar content of hydroxyl monomers in polyolefin A6 is 1.04%, the average particle size of the near-spherical polymers in polyolefin A6 is 0.63 mm, and the yield of spherical polymers in polyolefin A6 is 58%.

[0198] Example 7

[0199] Complex 10: The complex shown in formula (I), wherein M is Ni and R is... 11 R 13 and R 14 For H, R 12 For Me, R 15 It is isopropyl, R3 is Br, and R4 is C4H8O;

[0200] In a nitrogen atmosphere, the compound shown in formula (II) (3.74 g, 10 mmol, S type) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (50 mL), and n-butyllithium solution (14 mL, 33 mmol) was added dropwise at -78 °C. The mixture was gradually brought back to room temperature and stirred for 4 h to obtain a white precipitate. Bis[5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)cyclohexyl]-phosphine chloride (30 mmol, 10.35 g) was uniformly dispersed in 10 mL of diethyl ether and added dropwise to the original reaction system under an ice-water bath. The mixture was slowly heated to room temperature and stirred overnight. The reaction was quenched with water, and the organic phase was extracted with diethyl ether. The obtained organic phase was concentrated, deoxygenated by refrigeration, and reacted with 5 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid under a nitrogen atmosphere for 5 h. After the reaction was completed by TLC, NaHCO3 aqueous solution was added for neutralization, the reaction was quenched with water, and the organic phase was extracted with diethyl ether. The mixture was dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated, and column chromatography was used to obtain ligand I2 in 33% yield. 1 H NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 0.34 (d, 6H), 0.50 (m, 2H), 0.88 (m, 20H), 0.95 (m, 18H), 1.05 (m, 2H), 1.20 (m, 4H), 1.37 (m, 4H), 1.54 (m, 6H), 1.67 ( m, 2H), 1.78 (m, 2H), 1.91 (m, 6H), 2.12 (m, 2H), 2.82 (m, 2H), 6.52 (d, 2H), 7.08 (d, 2H), 7.23 (t, 2H), 7.32 (t, 2H), 7.88 (d, 2H), 8.02 (s, 2H);

[0201] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, ligand I2 (0.90 g, 1 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran, and excess NaH (0.072 g, 3 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 h, and the NaH was removed by filtration. A tetrahydrofuran solution of (DME)NiBr2 (0.617 g, 2 mmol) was added dropwise, and the mixture was reacted overnight at room temperature. The solvent was dried under vacuum, and the mixture was dissolved in dichloromethane (40 mL). The filter cake was removed by filtration, the filtrate was concentrated, and heptane was added for recrystallization to obtain complex 10 (C 68 H 102 Br2Ni2O4P2), yield 72%; elemental analysis showed C 68 H 102Br2Ni2O4P2: Theoretical values: C, 61.75; H, 7.77; Test values: C, 62.02; H, 7.88;

[0202] A 50 mL stainless steel polymerization reactor equipped with a mechanical stirrer was continuously dried at 130 °C for 6 h, and then evacuated while hot and replaced with N2 three times. 20 mL of heptane, 0.5 mL (3.1 mmol) of methyl 3,3-dimethyl-4-pentenoate, 3.4 mL of AliBu3 (in 1.0 mol / L hexane solution), 60.0 μL (in 1.0 mmol / L dichloromethane solution) of triphenylmethyl tetratetra(pentafluorophenyl)borate, and 0.5 mL (in 1.0 mmol / L toluene solution) of complex 10 were added. The reaction was carried out at 20 °C with an ethylene pressure of 10 atm and vigorous stirring for 30 min. The mixture was then neutralized with an ethanol solution acidified with 10 wt% hydrochloric acid to obtain polyolefin A7, which has a polymerization activity of 6.3 × 10⁻⁶. 5 g·mol -1 ·h -1 The weight-average molecular weight of polyolefin A7 is 101,000, the molecular weight distribution index of polyolefin A7 is 2.4, the ester molar content in polyolefin A7 is 1.04%, the melting point of polyolefin A7 is 119.2℃, the average particle size of the near-spherical polymer in polyolefin A7 is 0.55 mm, and the yield of the spherical polymer in polyolefin A7 is 61%.

[0203] Comparative Example 1

[0204] A 1L stainless steel polymerization reactor equipped with a mechanical stirrer was continuously dried at 130℃ for 6 hours, and then evacuated while hot and replaced with N2 three times. 500 mL of hexane, 30 mmol (4.0 mL) of 3,3-dimethyl-4-pentenoic acid, 36 mL of AliBu3 (1.0 mol / L hexane solution), and 4.8 mg (6.0 μmol) of N,N-dimethylphenylamine tetra(pentafluorophenyl)borate were added to the polymerization system, along with 2.5 mg (5.0 μmol) of complex F (synthesis process referenced in Chem Cat Chem 2022, 14, e202101736). The reaction was carried out at 30℃ with an ethylene pressure of 10 atm and stirred for 30 min. Finally, the mixture was neutralized with an ethanol solution acidified with 10 wt% hydrochloric acid to obtain polyolefin D1. The polymerization activity of polyolefin D1 was 1.42 × 10⁻⁶. 5 g·mol -1 ·h -1 The weight-average molecular weight of polyolefin D1 is 10,100, the molecular weight distribution index of polyolefin D1 is 3.72, the molar content of carboxyl groups in polyolefin D1 is 0.91%, the melting point of the polymer is 133.1℃, and no spherical polymers are formed.

[0205]

[0206] In this invention, compared with the complex in Comparative Example 1, when the post-transition metal complex of this invention is used as the main catalyst, the resulting polyolefin has higher polymerization activity, the molecular weight of the resulting polyolefin is significantly higher than that of the polyolefin obtained in Comparative Example 1, and the coordination precipitation polymerization method of this invention for olefin polymerization can prepare polar polyolefins with good particle morphology and polar groups.

[0207] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above; however, the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the inventive concept, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, including combinations of various technical features in any other suitable manner. These simple modifications and combinations should also be considered as the content disclosed in the present invention and are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization, characterized in that, The method includes mixing olefin monomers, a catalyst, and an accelerant to carry out a polymerization reaction; the olefin monomers contain nonpolar monomers and polar monomers; the nonpolar monomers are selected from one or more of ethylene, α-olefins, and internal olefins; the polar monomers are selected from one or more of enols, unsaturated carboxylic acids, and unsaturated carboxylic acid esters; the catalyst is selected from the post-transition metal complex shown in formula (I). Equation (I) in which, M is selected from nickel and palladium, R 11 -R 15 Each of the following is independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 hydrocarbon groups; R3 and R4 are independently selected from halogen, C1-C10 hydrocarbon groups, P(R5)3, NR6R7 and OR8R9; or R3 and R4 are connected to each other to form an eight-membered ring, wherein R5 is selected from substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 alkyl and substituted or unsubstituted C6-C10 aryl; R6, R7, R8 and R9 are independently selected from C1-C10 hydrocarbon groups; or R6 and R7 are connected to N to form a five-membered or six-membered ring; or R8 and R9 are connected to O to form a five-membered or six-membered ring.

2. The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The post-transition metal complex is selected from the following complexes, complex 1: the complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni, R is... 11 -R 15 R3 is H, R4 is CH3, and R5H5N; Complex 2: The complex shown in formula (I), wherein M is Ni, R 11 R 13 and R 14 For H, R 12 CH3, R 15 R3 is isopropyl, R4 is CH3, and R5H5N; Complex 3: the complex shown in formula (I), wherein M is Ni, R 11 -R 15 R3 is C6H5, R4 is PMe3; Complex 4: the complex shown in formula (I), wherein M is Ni, R 11 R 13 and R 14 For H, R 12 CH3, R 15 R3 is isopropyl, R4 is C6H5, and R5 is PMe3; Complex 5: the complex shown in formula (I), wherein M is Ni, R6H5 is C6H5, and R4 is PMe3. 11 -R 15 H, R3 and R4 are cyclooctene; Complex 6: the complex shown in formula (I), where M is Ni, R 11 R 13 and R 14 For H, R 12 CH3, R 15 R3 and R4 are isopropyl, and R4 is cyclooctene; Complex 7: the complex shown in formula (I), wherein M is Ni, R4 is cyclooctene, and R5 is cyclooctene. 11 -R 15 R3 is H, R4 is Cl, and R5 is C4H8O; Complex 8: The complex shown in formula (I), wherein M is Ni, R6 is C4H8O, and R7 is C4H8O. 11 R 13 and R 14 For H, R 12 CH3, R 15 R3 is isopropyl, R4 is Cl, and R5 is C4H8O; Complex 9: The complex shown in formula (I), wherein M is Ni, R6 is C4H8O, and R7 is C4H8O. 11 -R 15 R3 is H, R4 is Br, and R5 is C4H8O; Complex 10: the complex shown in formula (I), wherein M is Ni, R6 is C4H8O, and R7 is C4H8O. 11 R 13 and R 14 For H, R 12 CH3, R 15 R3 is isopropyl, R4 is Br, and R5 is C4H8O; Complex 11: The complex shown in formula (I), wherein M is Pd, R6 is C4H8O, and R7 is C4H8O. 11 -R 15 R3 is CH3, R4 is C5H5N; Complex 12: the complex shown in formula (I), wherein M is Pd, R 11 R 13 and R 14 For H, R 12 CH3, R 15 R3 is isopropyl, R4 is CH3, and R5H5N; Complex 13: the complex shown in formula (I), wherein M is Pd, R 11 -R 15 R3 is H, R4 is Cl, and R5 is PMe3; Complex 14: The complex shown in formula (I), wherein M is Pd, R6 is PMe3, and R7 is PMe3. 11 R 13 and R 14 For H, R 12 CH3, R 15 R3 is isopropyl, R4 is Cl, and R4 is PMe3.

3. The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The enol is selected from the monomers shown in formula (G1). Formula (G1) wherein L1-L3 are each independently selected from H or C1-C30 alkyl groups, and L4 is selected from C1-C30 alkylene groups having side groups.

4. The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The unsaturated carboxylic acid is selected from the monomers shown in formula (G2). Formula (G2) wherein L1-L3 are each independently selected from H or C1-C30 alkyl groups, and L4 is selected from C1-C30 alkylene groups having side groups.

5. The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The unsaturated carboxylic acid ester is selected from the monomers shown in formula (G3). Formula (G3) wherein L1-L3 are each independently selected from H or C1-C30 alkyl groups, L4 is selected from C1-C30 alkylene groups having side groups, and L5 is selected from C1-C30 alkyl groups.

6. The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The additive is selected from one or more of organoaluminum compounds, organoboron compounds, and organosilicon compounds.

7. The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization according to claim 6, characterized in that, The organoaluminum compound is AlR n X 1 3-n Wherein, R is H, C1-C20 saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon groups, and C1-C20 saturated or unsaturated hydroxyl groups; X 1 Halogen; 0 <n≤3。 8. The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization according to claim 7, characterized in that, R is a C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 alkoxy, C7-C20 aralkyl, or C6-C20 aryl; X 1 It is chlorine or bromine.

9. The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization according to claim 6, characterized in that, The organoboron compound is an aromatic boron and / or a borate.

10. The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization according to claim 9, characterized in that, The aromatic boron is selected from substituted or unsubstituted phenyl boron.

11. The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization according to claim 10, characterized in that, The aromatic boron group is tris(pentafluorophenyl)boron.

12. The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization according to claim 9, characterized in that, The borate is selected from N,N-dimethylphenylammonium tetra(pentafluorophenyl)borate and / or triphenylmethyl tetra(pentafluorophenyl)borate.

13. The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization according to claim 6, characterized in that, The organosilicon compound is an alkylsilane compound.

14. The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization according to claim 13, characterized in that, The general formula of the alkylsilicon compound is SiH1H2H3H4, wherein H1 is selected from C1-C10 alkyl groups, and H2, H3 and H4 are each independently selected from C1-C10 alkyl groups or halogens.

15. The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization according to any one of claims 7-14, characterized in that, When the additive contains an organoaluminum compound, the molar ratio of the amount of aluminum in the organoaluminum compound to the amount of M in the catalyst is (10-10000000):

1.

16. The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization according to any one of claims 7-14, characterized in that, When the auxiliary contains an organoboron compound, the molar ratio of the amount of boron in the organoboron compound to the amount of M in the catalyst is (0.1-1000):

1.

17. The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization according to any one of claims 7-14, characterized in that, When the additive contains an organosilicon compound, the molar ratio of the amount of silicon in the organosilicon compound to the amount of M in the catalyst is (10-10000000):

1.

18. The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization according to any one of claims 7-14, characterized in that, When the additive is a combination of organoaluminum compound, organoboron compound and organosilicon compound, the molar ratio of the total amount of aluminum, boron and silicon in the additive to the amount of M in the catalyst is (10-11000000):

1.

19. The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The polymerization reaction is carried out in the presence of a solvent.

20. The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization according to claim 19, characterized in that, The solvent is selected from one or more of alkanes, haloalkanes, and aromatic hydrocarbons.

21. The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization according to claim 20, characterized in that, The alkane is selected from one or more of C3-C20 alkanes.

22. The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization according to claim 20, characterized in that, The general formula of the haloalkanes is R 1 X 2 n2 R 2 X 3 m2 , where X 2 and X 3 Each is independently selected from halogens, m2+n2≥1, R 1 Selected from C1-C10 alkyl or alkenyl groups, R 2 Selected from C1-C10 alkylene or alkenylene groups.

23. The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization according to claim 20, characterized in that, The general formula of the aromatic hydrocarbon is R 4 -Ph-R 3 , where R 3 and R 4 Each is independently selected from hydrogen, phenyl, and C1-C10 alkanes.

24. The coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The polymerization reaction conditions include: a temperature of -50 to 180°C and a time of 10 to 200 minutes.

25. The polyolefin prepared by the coordination precipitation polymerization method for olefin polymerization according to any one of claims 1-24, characterized in that, The polyolefin is spherical or near-spherical in shape.

26. The polyolefin according to claim 25, characterized in that, The average particle size of the polyolefin is 0.02-50 mm.

27. The polyolefin according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that, The weight-average molecular weight of the polyolefin is 10,000-800,000.

28. The polyolefin according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that, The molecular weight distribution index of the polyolefin is ≤10.

29. The polyolefin according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that, The melting point of the polyolefin is 90-140℃.

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