Satellite communication system

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a satellite communication system, and the system comprises a dual-polarized antenna layer which comprises M * N dual-polarized antenna units. An electrically tunable dual-polarization tracking layer, wherein the electrically tunable dual-polarization tracking layer comprises M * N electrically tunable dual-polarization transceiver modules; and an amplitude modulation and phase modulation beam scanning layer, wherein the amplitude modulation and phase modulation beam scanning layer comprises M * N transceiver chips. The antenna comprises a dual-polarized antenna layer, an electrically-tunable dual-polarized tracking layer and an amplitude-modulation and phase-modulation wave beam scanning layer which are connected in sequence, a dual-polarized electromagnetic wave signal is received and transmitted through the dual-polarized antenna layer, and a horizontally-polarized satellite signal and a vertically-horizontally-polarized satellite signal are received and transmitted through an electrically-tunable dual-polarized transceiver module. The amplitude and phase modulation beam scanning layer adjusts the amplitude and phase of the horizontal polarization satellite signal and the vertical polarization satellite signal, thereby improving the satellite communication efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of satellite communication technology, and in particular, to a satellite communication system. Background Art

[0002] Communication satellites have become the largest number of spacecraft in orbit. Low-orbit satellites are close to the earth and have short paths, which can overcome the various defects of geostationary orbit satellites. Since the low-orbit satellite signal covers a small ground area, in order to cover the entire world, dozens of satellites are needed to form a constellation and system for global communication. Therefore, the main beam of the ground terminal satellite antenna needs to continuously track and aim at the satellite passing overhead. In the existing technology, it is difficult for ground terminals to track the position and polarization of satellites in the sky, and the current electrically adjusted polarization technology can only synthesize and track the orthogonal polarization waves of satellite signals into a single polarization wave, resulting in low satellite communication efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiment of the present application provides a satellite communication system to solve the problem of low efficiency of satellite communication in the prior art.

[0004] To solve the above problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0005] An embodiment of the present application provides a satellite communication system, the satellite communication system comprising:

[0006] A dual-polarization antenna layer, wherein the dual-polarization antenna layer includes M×N dual-polarization antenna units, and the M×N dual-polarization antenna units are used to receive and transmit dual-polarization electromagnetic wave signals, where M and N are positive integers;

[0007] An electrically adjustable dual-polarization tracking layer, the electrically adjustable dual-polarization tracking layer comprising M×N electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver modules, the M×N electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver modules corresponding one-to-one to the M×N dual-polarization antenna units and being communicatively connected, the electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver modules being used to receive and transmit horizontally polarized satellite signals, and being used to receive and transmit vertically polarized satellite signals;

[0008] An amplitude modulation phase modulation beam scanning layer, the amplitude modulation phase modulation beam scanning layer includes M×N transceiver chips, the M×N transceiver chips correspond one-to-one to the M×N electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver modules and are communicatively connected, and the transceiver chip is used to adjust the amplitude and phase of the horizontally polarized satellite signal and the vertically polarized satellite signal.

[0009] Optionally, each of the dual-polarization antenna units includes a horizontal polarization port and a vertical polarization port, and each of the electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver modules includes a horizontal polarization transceiver port, a vertical polarization transceiver port and a microprocessor;

[0010] In any group of the dual-polarization antenna units and the electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver modules that are communicatively connected, the horizontal polarization port is connected to the corresponding horizontal polarization transceiver port, the vertical polarization port is connected to the vertical polarization transceiver port, and the microprocessor is used to control the reception and transmission of the horizontally polarized satellite signal, and control the reception and transmission of the vertically polarized satellite signal;

[0011] The electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver module includes a receiving circuit and a transmitting circuit;

[0012] In any group of the dual-polarized antenna units and the electrically adjustable dual-polarized transceiver modules that are communicatively connected:

[0013] The horizontal polarization port and the vertical polarization port are connected to the horizontal polarization transceiver port and the vertical polarization transceiver port through the receiving circuit, and the receiving circuit is used to receive the horizontal polarization satellite signal and the vertical polarization satellite signal;

[0014] The horizontal polarization transceiver port and the vertical polarization transceiver port are connected to the horizontal polarization port and the vertical polarization port through the transmitting circuit, and the transmitting circuit is used to transmit the horizontal polarization satellite signal and the vertical polarization satellite signal.

[0015] Optionally, the receiving circuit includes: a first RF low noise amplifier, a first RF bandpass filter, a first RF power splitter, a first down converter, a first digitally controlled attenuator, a first intermediate frequency combiner, a first intermediate frequency amplifier, a first intermediate frequency bandpass filter, a second RF low noise amplifier, a third RF bandpass filter, a second RF power splitter, a second down converter and a second digitally controlled attenuator;

[0016] The horizontal polarization port is connected to the corresponding horizontal polarization transceiver port through the first RF low noise amplifier, the first RF bandpass filter, the first RF power divider, the first down converter, the first digitally controlled attenuator, the first intermediate frequency combiner, the first intermediate frequency amplifier, and the first intermediate frequency bandpass filter in sequence, and the first digitally controlled attenuator is also connected to the microprocessor;

[0017] The vertical polarization port is connected to the corresponding horizontal polarization transceiver port in sequence through the second RF low noise amplifier, the third RF bandpass filter, the second RF power divider, the second down converter, the second digitally controlled attenuator, the first intermediate frequency combiner, the first intermediate frequency amplifier, and the first intermediate frequency bandpass filter, and the second digitally controlled attenuator is also connected to the microprocessor.

[0018] Optionally, the receiving circuit further includes a first frequency synthesizer, a first equal-amplitude in-phase power divider, a first phase shifter, a second phase shifter and a first digital-to-analog converter;

[0019] The first frequency synthesizer is connected to the microprocessor in sequence through the first equal-amplitude in-phase power divider, the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter in parallel, and the first digital-to-analog converter. The first phase shifter is also connected to the first down-converter, and the second phase shifter is also connected to the second down-converter.

[0020] Optionally, the receiving circuit includes: a second RF low noise amplifier, a third RF bandpass filter, a second RF power splitter, a third down converter, a fifth digitally controlled attenuator, a second intermediate frequency combiner, a third intermediate frequency amplifier, a third intermediate frequency bandpass filter, a first RF low noise amplifier, a first RF bandpass filter, a first RF power splitter, a fourth down converter and a sixth digitally controlled attenuator;

[0021] The vertical polarization port is connected to the corresponding vertical polarization transceiver port in sequence through the second RF low noise amplifier, the third RF bandpass filter, the second RF power divider, the third down converter, the fifth digitally controlled attenuator, the second intermediate frequency combiner, the third intermediate frequency amplifier, and the third intermediate frequency bandpass filter, and the fifth digitally controlled attenuator is also connected to the microprocessor;

[0022] The horizontal polarization port is connected to the corresponding vertical polarization transceiver port in sequence through the first RF low noise amplifier, the first RF bandpass filter, the first RF power divider, the fourth down converter, the sixth digitally controlled attenuator, the second intermediate frequency combiner, the third intermediate frequency amplifier, and the third intermediate frequency bandpass filter, and the sixth digitally controlled attenuator is also connected to the microprocessor.

[0023] Optionally, the receiving circuit further includes a third frequency synthesizer, a third equal-amplitude in-phase power divider, a fifth phase shifter, a sixth phase shifter and a third digital-to-analog converter;

[0024] The third frequency synthesizer is connected to the microprocessor in sequence through the third equal-amplitude in-phase power divider, the fifth phase shifter and the sixth phase shifter in parallel, and the third digital-to-analog converter. The fifth phase shifter is also connected to the third down-converter, and the sixth phase shifter is also connected to the fourth down-converter.

[0025] Optionally, the transmitting circuit includes: a second intermediate frequency amplifier, a second intermediate frequency bandpass filter, a first intermediate frequency power divider, a third digitally controlled attenuator, a first up-converter, a first radio frequency combiner, a first radio frequency amplifier, a second radio frequency bandpass filter, a fourth intermediate frequency amplifier, a fourth intermediate frequency bandpass filter, a second intermediate frequency power divider, an eighth digitally controlled attenuator and a fourth up-converter;

[0026] The horizontal polarization transceiver port is connected to the corresponding horizontal polarization port through the second intermediate frequency amplifier, the second intermediate frequency bandpass filter, the first intermediate frequency power divider, the third digitally controlled attenuator, the first up-converter, the first radio frequency combiner, the first radio frequency amplifier, and the second radio frequency bandpass filter in sequence, and the third digitally controlled attenuator is also connected to the microprocessor;

[0027] The vertical polarization transceiver port is connected to the corresponding horizontal polarization port in sequence through the fourth intermediate frequency amplifier, the fourth intermediate frequency bandpass filter, the second intermediate frequency power divider, the eighth digitally controlled attenuator, the fourth up-converter, the first RF combiner, the first RF amplifier, and the second RF bandpass filter, and the eighth digitally controlled attenuator is also connected to the microprocessor.

[0028] Optionally, the transmitting circuit further includes: a second frequency synthesizer, a second equal-amplitude in-phase power divider, a third phase shifter, a fourth phase shifter and a second digital-to-analog converter;

[0029] The second frequency synthesizer is connected to the microprocessor in sequence through the second equal-amplitude in-phase power divider, the third phase shifter and the fourth phase shifter connected in parallel, and the second digital-to-analog converter. The third phase shifter is also connected to the first up-converter.

[0030] Optionally, the transmitting circuit includes: a fourth intermediate frequency amplifier, a fourth intermediate frequency bandpass filter, a second intermediate frequency power divider, a seventh digitally controlled attenuator, a third up-converter, a second radio frequency combiner, a second radio frequency amplifier, a fourth radio frequency bandpass filter, a second intermediate frequency amplifier, a second intermediate frequency bandpass filter, a first intermediate frequency power divider, a fourth digitally controlled attenuator and a second up-converter;

[0031] The vertical polarization transceiver port is connected to the corresponding vertical polarization port through the fourth intermediate frequency amplifier, the fourth intermediate frequency bandpass filter, the second intermediate frequency power divider, the seventh digitally controlled attenuator, the third up-converter, the second radio frequency combiner, the second radio frequency amplifier, and the fourth radio frequency bandpass filter in sequence, and the seventh digitally controlled attenuator is also connected to the microprocessor;

[0032] The horizontal polarization transceiver port is connected to the corresponding vertical polarization port in sequence through the second intermediate frequency amplifier, the second intermediate frequency bandpass filter, the first intermediate frequency power divider, the fourth digitally controlled attenuator, the second up-converter, the second RF combiner, the second RF amplifier, and the fourth RF bandpass filter, and the fourth digitally controlled attenuator is also connected to the microprocessor.

[0033] Optionally, the transmitting circuit further includes: a fourth frequency synthesizer, a fourth equal-amplitude in-phase power divider, a seventh phase shifter, an eighth phase shifter and a fourth digital-to-analog converter;

[0034] The fourth frequency synthesizer is connected to the microprocessor in sequence through the fourth equal-amplitude in-phase power divider, the seventh phase shifter and the eighth phase shifter connected in parallel, and the fourth digital-to-analog converter, and the seventh phase shifter is also connected to the third up-converter.

[0035] An embodiment of the present application provides a satellite communication system, which includes: a dual-polarization antenna layer, which includes M×N dual-polarization antenna units, and the M×N dual-polarization antenna units are used to receive and transmit dual-polarization electromagnetic wave signals, and M and N are positive integers; an electrically adjustable dual-polarization tracking layer, which includes M×N electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver modules, and the M×N electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver modules correspond one-to-one to the M×N dual-polarization antenna units and are communicatively connected, and the electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver modules are used to receive and transmit horizontally polarized satellite signals, and to receive and transmit vertically polarized satellite signals; an amplitude modulation and phase modulation beam scanning layer, which includes M×N transceiver chips, and the M×N transceiver chips correspond one-to-one to the M×N electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver modules and are communicatively connected, and the transceiver chip is used to adjust the amplitude and phase of the horizontally polarized satellite signal and the vertically polarized satellite signal. The present application includes a dual-polarization antenna layer, an electrically adjustable dual-polarization tracking layer and an amplitude modulation phase modulation beam scanning layer connected in sequence. The dual-polarization antenna layer receives and transmits dual-polarization electromagnetic wave signals, and the electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver module receives and transmits horizontally polarized satellite signals and vertically horizontally polarized satellite signals. The amplitude modulation phase modulation beam scanning layer adjusts the amplitude and phase of the horizontally polarized satellite signal and the vertically polarized satellite signal, thereby improving the satellite communication efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0037] Figure 1 is a module connection diagram of a satellite communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a satellite communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 3It is a structural diagram of an electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the orthogonal electric field components of the dual-polarization antenna aperture provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0042] The terms "first", "second" etc. in the embodiments of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and need not be used to describe a specific order or sequential order. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variation thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, the process, method, system, product or equipment comprising a series of steps or units need not be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or equipment. In addition, "and / or" is used in the present application to represent at least one of connected objects, such as A and / or B and / or C, representing the inclusion of separate A, separate B, separate C, and A and B all exist, B and C all exist, A and C all exist, and 7 situations that A, B and C all exist.

[0043] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 : is a module connection diagram of a satellite communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 The illustrated satellite communication system 100 may include:

[0044] A dual-polarization antenna layer 110, wherein the dual-polarization antenna layer 110 includes M×N dual-polarization antenna units, and the M×N dual-polarization antenna units are used to receive and transmit dual-polarization electromagnetic wave signals, where M and N are positive integers;

[0045] An electrically adjustable dual-polarization tracking layer 120, wherein the electrically adjustable dual-polarization tracking layer 120 includes M×N electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver modules, wherein the M×N electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver modules correspond to and are communicatively connected with the M×N dual-polarization antenna units one by one, and the electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver modules are used to receive and transmit horizontally polarized satellite signals, and are used to receive and transmit vertically polarized satellite signals;

[0046] The amplitude modulation phase modulation beam scanning layer 130 includes M×N transceiver chips, and the M×N transceiver chips correspond one-to-one to the M×N electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver modules and are communicatively connected. The transceiver chips are used to adjust the amplitude and phase of the horizontally polarized satellite signal and the vertically polarized satellite signal.

[0047] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the satellite communication system of the present application, wherein the dual-polarization antenna layer 110 includes M×N dual-polarization antenna units, which can receive or transmit dual-polarization electromagnetic wave signals. It should be noted that the dual-polarization antenna unit can be a patch antenna, a vibrator antenna, a magneto-electric dipole antenna, a waveguide horn antenna, etc., which are not specifically limited in this embodiment. In addition, M and N are positive integers, and M and N can be the same, and adaptive adjustments are made according to actual conditions.

[0048] The electrically adjustable dual-polarization tracking layer 120 includes M×N electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver modules, wherein each electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver module is connected to a dual-polarization antenna unit. Generally, the electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver module includes a horizontal polarization transceiver link and a vertical polarization transceiver link. Exemplarily, the two polarization transceiver links mainly include a low noise amplifier (LNA), a band pass filter (BPF), a one-to-two equal amplitude in-phase power divider (combiner), a frequency filter synthesizer, a phase shifter, a mixer, an attenuator, a power amplifier, etc. The entire communication system also includes a micro control unit (MCU) for calculation and control.

[0049] The AM / PM beam scanning layer 130 includes M×N transceiver (T / R) chips, each of which is connected to an electrically regulated dual-polarized transceiver module and can adjust the amplitude and phase according to the beam control algorithm, thereby adjusting the beam scanning direction of the antenna array.

[0050] The present application includes a dual-polarization antenna layer, an electrically adjustable dual-polarization tracking layer and an amplitude modulation phase modulation beam scanning layer connected in sequence. The dual-polarization antenna layer receives and transmits dual-polarization electromagnetic wave signals, and the electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver module receives and transmits horizontally polarized satellite signals and vertically horizontally polarized satellite signals. The amplitude modulation phase modulation beam scanning layer adjusts the amplitude and phase of the horizontally polarized satellite signal and the vertically polarized satellite signal, thereby improving the satellite communication efficiency.

[0051] In some feasible implementations, optionally, each of the dual-polarization antenna units includes a horizontal polarization port and a vertical polarization port, and each of the electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver modules includes a horizontal polarization transceiver port, a vertical polarization transceiver port and a microprocessor;

[0052] In any group of the dual-polarization antenna units and the electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver modules that are communicatively connected, the horizontal polarization port is connected to the corresponding horizontal polarization transceiver port, the vertical polarization port is connected to the vertical polarization transceiver port, and the microprocessor is used to control the reception and transmission of the horizontally polarized satellite signal, and control the reception and transmission of the vertically polarized satellite signal;

[0053] The electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver module includes a receiving circuit and a transmitting circuit;

[0054] In any group of the dual-polarized antenna units and the electrically adjustable dual-polarized transceiver modules that are communicatively connected:

[0055] The horizontal polarization port and the vertical polarization port are connected to the horizontal polarization transceiver port and the vertical polarization transceiver port through the receiving circuit, and the receiving circuit is used to receive the horizontal polarization satellite signal and the vertical polarization satellite signal;

[0056] The horizontal polarization transceiver port and the vertical polarization transceiver port are connected to the horizontal polarization port and the vertical polarization port through the transmitting circuit, and the transmitting circuit is used to transmit the horizontal polarization satellite signal and the vertical polarization satellite signal.

[0057] In this embodiment, each of the dual-polarization antenna units is provided with a horizontal polarization port and a vertical polarization port, and the corresponding electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver module is provided with a horizontal polarization transceiver port and a vertical polarization transceiver port.

[0058] In a group of corresponding dual-polarization antenna units and electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver modules, the horizontal polarization port is connected to the corresponding horizontal polarization transceiver port, and the vertical polarization port is connected to the vertical polarization transceiver port.

[0059] It should be noted that in the present application, the corresponding terms refer to a group of dual-polarization antenna units and electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver modules that are communicatively connected to each other.

[0060] In this embodiment, in any group of the dual-polarization antenna units and the electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver module connected in communication, four different communication links are provided. Specifically, the horizontal polarization port is connected to the corresponding horizontal polarization transceiver port and the vertical polarization transceiver port through a receiving circuit, and the receiving circuit is used to transmit horizontal polarization satellite signals. The horizontal polarization port and the vertical polarization port are connected to the corresponding horizontal polarization port through a transmitting circuit, and the transmitting circuit is used to transmit horizontal polarization satellite signals. The vertical polarization port is connected to the corresponding horizontal polarization transceiver port and the vertical polarization transceiver port through a receiving circuit, and the receiving circuit is used to receive vertical polarization satellite signals. The vertical polarization port and the horizontal polarization port are connected to the corresponding vertical polarization port through a transmitting circuit, and the transmitting circuit is used to transmit vertical polarization satellite signals.

[0061] In this embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, Figure 31. A schematic diagram of the structure of the electrically adjustable dual-polarized transceiver module in the embodiment of the present application, wherein the diagram is as follows: 1. Horizontal polarization port of the antenna unit; 2. First RF low noise amplifier; 3. First RF bandpass filter; 4. First RF power divider; 5. First down converter; 6. First digitally controlled attenuator; 7. First intermediate frequency combiner; 8. First intermediate frequency amplifier; 9. First intermediate frequency bandpass filter; 10. Horizontal polarization transceiver port; 11. First frequency synthesizer; 12. First equal amplitude in-phase power divider; 13. First phase shifter; 14. Second phase shifter; 15. First DAC; 16. Second downconverter; 17. Second digitally controlled attenuator; 18. Second intermediate frequency amplifier; 19. Second intermediate frequency bandpass filter; 20. First intermediate frequency power divider; 21. Third digitally controlled attenuator; 22. First upconverter; 23. First RF combiner; 24. First RF amplifier; 25. Second RF bandpass filter; 26. Second frequency synthesizer; 27. Second equal-amplitude in-phase power divider; 28. Third phase shifter; 29. ​​Fourth phase shifter; 30. Second upconverter; 31. Second DAC; 32. Fourth DAC 3. controlled attenuator; 33. microprocessor (MCU); 34. vertical polarization port of antenna unit; 35. second RF low noise amplifier; 36. third RF bandpass filter; 37. second RF power divider; 38. third down converter; 39. fifth digital controlled attenuator; 40. second intermediate frequency combiner; 41. third intermediate frequency amplifier; 42. third intermediate frequency bandpass filter; 43. vertical polarization transceiver port; 44. third frequency synthesizer; 45. third equal amplitude in-phase power divider; 46. fifth phase shifter; 47. sixth phase shifter; 48. fourth down converter; 49. Sixth digitally controlled attenuator; 50. Third digital-to-analog converter; 51. Fourth intermediate frequency amplifier; 52. Fourth intermediate frequency bandpass filter; 53. Second intermediate frequency power divider; 54. Seventh digitally controlled attenuator; 55. Third up-converter; 56. Second radio frequency combiner; 57. Second radio frequency amplifier; 58. Fourth radio frequency bandpass filter; 59. Fourth frequency synthesizer; 60. Fourth equal-amplitude and in-phase power divider; 61. Seventh phase shifter; 62. Eighth phase shifter; 63. Fourth up-converter; 64. Fourth digital-to-analog converter; 65. Eighth digitally controlled attenuator.

[0062] Optionally, the receiving circuit includes: a first RF low noise amplifier 2, a first RF bandpass filter 3, a first RF power splitter 4, a first down converter 5, a first digitally controlled attenuator 6, a first intermediate frequency combiner 7, a first intermediate frequency amplifier 8, a first intermediate frequency bandpass filter 9, a second RF low noise amplifier 35, a third RF bandpass filter 36, a second RF power splitter 37, a second down converter 16 and a second digitally controlled attenuator 17;

[0063] The horizontal polarization port 1 is connected to the corresponding horizontal polarization transceiver port 10 through the first RF low noise amplifier 2, the first RF bandpass filter 3, the first RF power divider 4, the first down converter 5, the first digitally controlled attenuator 6, the first intermediate frequency combiner 7, the first intermediate frequency amplifier 8, and the first intermediate frequency bandpass filter 9 in sequence, and the first digitally controlled attenuator 6 is also connected to the microprocessor 33;

[0064] The vertical polarization port 34 is connected to the corresponding horizontal polarization transceiver port 10 through the second RF low noise amplifier 35, the third RF bandpass filter 36, the second RF power divider 37, the second down converter 16, the second digitally controlled attenuator 17, the first intermediate frequency combiner 7, the first intermediate frequency amplifier 8, and the first intermediate frequency bandpass filter 9 in sequence, and the second digitally controlled attenuator 17 is also connected to the microprocessor.

[0065] In this embodiment, the receiving circuit is used to transmit the horizontally polarized satellite signal. Specifically, the horizontal polarization port 1 of the dual-polarization antenna unit is connected to the first RF low noise amplifier 2 and the first RF bandpass filter 3 in sequence to achieve amplification and filtering of the horizontal polarization wave received by the antenna. Then, the horizontal polarization wave is divided into two paths through the first RF power divider 4, one path continues to enter the receiving circuit, and is connected to the first down converter 5 and the first digital attenuator 6 in sequence, and the horizontal polarization reception signal is down-converted to the intermediate frequency and then the gain is adjusted, and then it is sent to the first intermediate frequency combiner 7. The vertical polarization port 34 of the dual-polarization antenna unit is connected to the second RF low noise amplifier 35 and the third RF bandpass filter 36 in sequence to achieve amplification and filtering of the vertical polarization wave received by the antenna. Then, the vertical polarization wave is divided into two paths through the second RF power divider 37, one path continues to enter the receiving circuit, and is connected to the third down converter 38 and the fifth digital attenuator 39 in sequence, and the vertical polarization reception signal is down-converted to the intermediate frequency and then the gain is adjusted, and then it is sent to the second intermediate frequency combiner 40. The second RF power divider 37 of the vertical polarization receiving channel sends the other path of the vertical polarization wave to the second down-converter 16, and then enters the second digitally controlled attenuator 17 in turn, down-converts the vertical polarization signal to the intermediate frequency, performs gain adjustment, and then sends it to the first intermediate frequency combiner 7. The first intermediate frequency combiner 7 performs power synthesis of the horizontal polarization and vertical polarization receiving signals with equal amplitude and phase, and sends them to the first intermediate frequency amplifier 8 of the horizontal polarization channel for amplification, and then outputs them to the horizontal polarization transceiver port 10 after passing through the first intermediate frequency bandpass filter 9.

[0066] Optionally, the receiving circuit further includes a first frequency synthesizer 11, a first equal-amplitude in-phase power divider 12, a first phase shifter 13, a second phase shifter 14 and a first digital-to-analog converter 15;

[0067] The first frequency synthesizer 11 is connected to the microprocessor 33 in sequence through the first equal-amplitude in-phase power divider 12, the first phase shifter 13 and the second phase shifter 14 in parallel, and the first digital-to-analog converter 15. The first phase shifter 13 is also connected to the first down-converter 5, and the second phase shifter 14 is also connected to the second down-converter 16.

[0068] In this embodiment, the output end of the first frequency synthesizer 11 of the receiving circuit is connected to the common port of the first equal-amplitude in-phase power divider 12, one port of the first equal-amplitude in-phase power divider 12 is connected to the input end of the first phase shifter 13, and the output end of the first phase shifter 13 is connected to the local oscillator input end of the first down-converter 5; two ports of the first equal-amplitude in-phase power divider 12 are connected to the input end of the second phase shifter 14, and the output end of the second phase shifter 14 is connected to the local oscillator input end of the second down-converter 16;

[0069] By adjusting the first phase shifter 13 and the first digitally controlled attenuator 6, as well as the second phase shifter 14 and the second digitally controlled attenuator 17, the amplitude and phase adjustment of the horizontally polarized wave and the vertically polarized wave can be achieved respectively (the polarization angle can be adjusted arbitrarily within the range of 0 to 180 degrees), and the horizontally polarized signal of the satellite can be restored after adding them.

[0070] Optionally, the receiving circuit includes: a second RF low noise amplifier 35, a third RF bandpass filter 34, a second RF power divider 37, a third down converter 38, a fifth digitally controlled attenuator 39, a second intermediate frequency combiner 40, a third intermediate frequency amplifier 41, a third intermediate frequency bandpass filter 42, a first RF low noise amplifier 2, a first RF bandpass filter 3, a first RF power divider 4, a fourth down converter 48 and a sixth digitally controlled attenuator 49;

[0071] The vertical polarization port 34 is connected to the corresponding vertical polarization transceiver port 43 through the second RF low noise amplifier 35, the third RF bandpass filter 34, the second RF power divider 37, the third down converter 38, the fifth digitally controlled attenuator 39, the second intermediate frequency combiner 40, the third intermediate frequency amplifier 41, and the third intermediate frequency bandpass filter 42 in sequence, and the fifth digitally controlled attenuator 39 is also connected to the microprocessor 33;

[0072] The horizontal polarization port is connected to the corresponding vertical polarization transceiver port 43 in sequence through the first RF low noise amplifier 2, the first RF bandpass filter 3, the first RF power divider 4, the fourth down converter 48, the sixth digitally controlled attenuator 49, the second intermediate frequency combiner 40, the third intermediate frequency amplifier 41, and the third intermediate frequency bandpass filter 42, and the sixth digitally controlled attenuator 49 is also connected to the microprocessor 33.

[0073] In this embodiment, the receiving circuit is used to transmit the vertically polarized satellite signal. Specifically, the vertical polarization port 34 of the dual-polarization antenna unit is connected to the second RF low noise amplifier 35 and the third RF bandpass filter 36 in sequence to achieve amplification and filtering of the vertical polarization wave received by the antenna. Then, the vertical polarization wave is divided into two paths through the second RF power divider 37, one path continues to enter the receiving circuit, and is connected to the third down-converter 38 and the fifth digital attenuator 39 in sequence, and the vertical polarization reception signal is down-converted to the intermediate frequency and then the gain is adjusted, and then it is sent to the second intermediate frequency combiner 40. The horizontal polarization port 1 of the dual-polarization antenna unit is connected to the first RF low noise amplifier 2 and the first RF bandpass filter 3 in sequence to achieve amplification and filtering of the horizontal polarization wave received by the antenna. Then, the horizontal polarization wave is divided into two paths through the first RF power divider 4, one path continues to enter the receiving circuit, and is connected to the first down-converter 5 and the first digital attenuator 6 in sequence, and the horizontal polarization reception signal is down-converted to the intermediate frequency and then the gain is adjusted, and then it is sent to the first intermediate frequency combiner 7. The first RF power divider 4 of the horizontal polarization receiving channel sends the other path of the horizontal polarization wave to the fourth down-converter 48, and then enters the sixth digitally controlled attenuator 49 in turn, down-converts the horizontal polarization signal to the intermediate frequency, performs gain adjustment, and then sends it to the second intermediate frequency combiner 40. The second intermediate frequency combiner 40 performs power synthesis of the horizontal polarization and vertical polarization receiving signals with equal amplitude and phase, and sends them to the third intermediate frequency amplifier 41 of the vertical polarization channel for amplification, and then outputs them to the vertical polarization transceiver port 43 after passing through the third intermediate frequency bandpass filter 42.

[0074] Optionally, the receiving circuit further includes a third frequency synthesizer 44, a third equal-amplitude in-phase power divider 45, a fifth phase shifter 46, a sixth phase shifter 47 and a third digital-to-analog converter 50;

[0075] The third frequency synthesizer 44 is connected to the microprocessor 33 in sequence through the third equal-amplitude in-phase power divider 45, the fifth phase shifter 46 and the sixth phase shifter 47 in parallel, and the third digital-to-analog converter 50. The fifth phase shifter 46 is also connected to the third down-converter 38, and the sixth phase shifter 47 is also connected to the fourth down-converter 48.

[0076] In this embodiment, the output end of the third frequency synthesizer 44 of the receiving circuit is connected to the common port of the third equal-amplitude in-phase power divider 45, one port of the third equal-amplitude in-phase power divider 45 is connected to the input end of the fifth phase shifter 46, and the output end of the fifth phase shifter 46 is connected to the local oscillator input end of the third down-converter 38; two ports of the third equal-amplitude in-phase power divider 45 are connected to the input end of the sixth phase shifter 47, and the output end of the sixth phase shifter 47 is connected to the local oscillator input end of the fourth down-converter 48.

[0077] By adjusting the fifth phase shifter 46 and the fifth digitally controlled attenuator 39, as well as the sixth phase shifter 47 and the sixth digitally controlled attenuator 49, the amplitude and phase adjustment of the horizontally polarized wave and the vertically polarized wave can be achieved (the polarization angle can be adjusted arbitrarily within the range of 0 to 180 degrees), and the vertical polarization signal of the satellite can be restored after adding them.

[0078] Therefore, through the above-mentioned receiving circuit and receiving circuit, the terminal user can simultaneously receive two service carrier signal spectra of horizontal and vertical polarizations at the intermediate frequency with good signal quality.

[0079] The phase signal output terminal of the microprocessor 33 is connected to the digital signal input terminals of the first digital-to-analog converter 15 and the third digital-to-analog converter 50 respectively. The control voltage output terminal of the first digital-to-analog converter 15 is connected to the control terminals of the first phase shifter 13 and the second phase shifter 14; the control voltage output terminal of the third digital-to-analog converter 50 is connected to the control terminals of the third phase shifter 46 and the fourth phase shifter 47. The amplitude signal output terminals of the microprocessor 33 are connected to the control terminals of the digitally controlled attenuators 6, 17, 39, 49 respectively.

[0080] Optionally, the transmitting circuit includes: a second intermediate frequency amplifier 18, a second intermediate frequency bandpass filter 19, a first intermediate frequency power divider 20, a third digitally controlled attenuator 21, a first up-converter 22, a first radio frequency combiner 23, a first radio frequency amplifier 24, a second radio frequency bandpass filter 25, a fourth intermediate frequency amplifier 51, a fourth intermediate frequency bandpass filter 52, a second intermediate frequency power divider 53, an eighth digitally controlled attenuator 65 and a fourth up-converter 63;

[0081] The horizontal polarization transceiver port 10 is connected to the corresponding horizontal polarization port 1 through the second intermediate frequency amplifier 18, the second intermediate frequency bandpass filter 19, the first intermediate frequency power divider 20, the third digitally controlled attenuator 21, the first up-converter 22, the first radio frequency combiner 23, the first radio frequency amplifier 24, and the second radio frequency bandpass filter 25 in sequence, and the third digitally controlled attenuator 21 is also connected to the microprocessor 33;

[0082] The vertical polarization transceiver port 43 is connected to the corresponding horizontal polarization port 1 in sequence through the fourth intermediate frequency amplifier 51, the fourth intermediate frequency bandpass filter 52, the second intermediate frequency power divider 53, the eighth digitally controlled attenuator 65, the fourth up-converter 63, the first RF combiner 23, the first RF amplifier 24, and the second RF bandpass filter 25, and the eighth digitally controlled attenuator 65 is also connected to the microprocessor 33.

[0083] In this embodiment, the transmitting circuit is used to transmit horizontally polarized satellite signals. Specifically, the horizontally polarized transmitting port 10 is connected to the second intermediate frequency amplifier 18 and the second intermediate frequency bandpass filter 19 in sequence to amplify and filter the horizontally polarized wave. Then, the transmitted horizontally polarized wave is divided into two paths through the first intermediate frequency power divider 20, one of which continues to enter the transmitting circuit and is connected to the third digitally controlled attenuator 21 and the first up-converter 22 in sequence. The horizontally polarized transmitting signal is gain adjusted and then up-converted to radio frequency, and then sent to the first radio frequency combiner 23.

[0084] The vertical polarization transmission port 43 is connected to the fourth intermediate frequency amplifier 51 and the fourth intermediate frequency bandpass filter 52 in sequence to amplify and filter the vertical polarization wave. Then, the vertical polarization wave is divided into two paths through the second intermediate frequency power divider 53, one path continues to enter the transmission circuit, and is connected to the seventh digitally controlled attenuator 54 and the third up-converter 55 in sequence, and the vertical polarization transmission signal is gain adjusted and up-converted to radio frequency, and then sent to the second radio frequency combiner 56. The second intermediate frequency power divider 53 sends the other path of the vertical polarization wave to the eighth digitally controlled attenuator 65, and enters the fourth up-converter 63 in sequence, and the vertical polarization signal is gain adjusted and up-converted to radio frequency, and then sent to the first radio frequency combiner 23. The first radio frequency combiner 23 performs equal amplitude and phase power synthesis on the horizontal polarization and vertical polarization transmission signals, and sends them to the first radio frequency amplifier 24 of the horizontal polarization channel for amplification, and then passes through the second radio frequency bandpass filter 25, and then outputs to the horizontal polarization port 1 of the dual-polarization antenna unit.

[0085] Optionally, the transmitting circuit further includes: a second frequency synthesizer 26, a second equal-amplitude in-phase power divider 27, a third phase shifter 28, a fourth phase shifter 29 and a second digital-to-analog converter 31;

[0086] The second frequency synthesizer 26 is connected to the microprocessor 33 in sequence through the second equal-amplitude in-phase power divider 27, the third phase shifter 28 and the fourth phase shifter 29 connected in parallel, and the second digital-to-analog converter 31. The third phase shifter 28 is also connected to the first up-converter 22.

[0087] In this embodiment, the output end of the second frequency synthesizer 26 of the horizontal polarization transmission channel is connected to the common port of the second equal-amplitude in-phase power divider 27, one port of the second equal-amplitude in-phase power divider 27 is connected to the input end of the third phase shifter 28, and the output end of the third phase shifter 28 is connected to the local oscillator input end of the first up-converter 22; two ports of the second equal-amplitude in-phase power divider 27 are connected to the input end of the fourth phase shifter 29, and the output end of the fourth phase shifter 29 is connected to the local oscillator input end of the second up-converter 30.

[0088] Optionally, the transmitting circuit includes: a fourth intermediate frequency amplifier 51, a fourth intermediate frequency bandpass filter 52, a second intermediate frequency power divider 53, a seventh digitally controlled attenuator 54, a third up-converter 55, a second radio frequency combiner 56, a second radio frequency amplifier 57, a fourth radio frequency bandpass filter 58, a second intermediate frequency amplifier 18, a second intermediate frequency bandpass filter 19, a first intermediate frequency power divider 20, a fourth digitally controlled attenuator 32 and a second up-converter 30;

[0089] The vertical polarization transceiver port 43 is connected to the corresponding vertical polarization port 34 through the fourth intermediate frequency amplifier 51, the fourth intermediate frequency bandpass filter 52, the second intermediate frequency power divider 53, the seventh digitally controlled attenuator 54, the third up-converter 55, the second radio frequency combiner 56, the second radio frequency amplifier 57, and the fourth radio frequency bandpass filter 58 in sequence, and the seventh digitally controlled attenuator 54 is also connected to the microprocessor 33;

[0090] The horizontal polarization transceiver port 101 is connected to the corresponding vertical polarization port 43 in sequence through the second intermediate frequency amplifier 18, the second intermediate frequency bandpass filter 19, the first intermediate frequency power divider 20, the fourth digitally controlled attenuator 32, the second up-converter 30, the second RF combiner 56, the second RF amplifier 57, and the fourth RF bandpass filter 58, and the fourth digitally controlled attenuator 32 is also connected to the microprocessor 33.

[0091] In this embodiment, the transmitting circuit is used to transmit vertically polarized satellite signals. Specifically, the vertically polarized transmitting port 43 is connected to the fourth intermediate frequency amplifier 51 and the fourth intermediate frequency bandpass filter 52 in sequence to amplify and filter the vertically polarized wave. Then, the transmitted vertically polarized wave is divided into two paths through the second intermediate frequency power divider 53, one path continues to enter the vertically polarized transmitting link, and is connected to the seventh digitally controlled attenuator 54 and the third up-converter 55 in sequence, and the vertically polarized transmitting signal is up-converted to radio frequency after gain adjustment, and then sent to the second radio frequency combiner 56.

[0092] In the electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver module of the present invention, the horizontal polarization transmission port 10 is connected to the second intermediate frequency amplifier 18 and the second intermediate frequency bandpass filter 19 in sequence to amplify and filter the horizontal polarization wave. Then, the transmitted horizontal polarization wave is divided into two paths through the first intermediate frequency power divider 20, one path continues to enter the horizontal polarization transmission link, and is connected to the third digitally controlled attenuator 21 and the first up-converter 22 in sequence, and the horizontal polarization transmission signal is gain adjusted and then up-converted to radio frequency, and then sent to the first radio frequency combiner 23. The first intermediate frequency power divider 20 sends the other path of the horizontal polarization wave to the fourth digitally controlled attenuator 32, and enters the second up-converter 30 in sequence, and the horizontal polarization signal is gain adjusted and then up-converted to radio frequency, and then sent to the second radio frequency combiner 56. The second RF combiner 56 combines the power of the horizontal polarization and vertical polarization transmission signals with equal amplitude and phase, and sends them to the second RF amplifier 57 of the vertical polarization channel for amplification. After passing through the fourth RF bandpass filter 58, they are output to the vertical polarization port 34 of the dual-polarization antenna unit.

[0093] Optionally, the transmitting circuit further includes: a fourth frequency synthesizer 59, a fourth equal-amplitude in-phase power divider 60, a seventh phase shifter 61, an eighth phase shifter 62 and a fourth digital-to-analog converter 64;

[0094] The fourth frequency synthesizer 59 is connected to the microprocessor 33 in sequence through the fourth equal-amplitude in-phase power divider 60, the seventh phase shifter 61 and the eighth phase shifter 62 in parallel, and the fourth digital-to-analog converter 64. The seventh phase shifter 61 is also connected to the third up-converter 55.

[0095] In this embodiment, the output end of the frequency synthesizer 59 of the vertical polarization receiving channel is connected to the common port of the fourth equal-amplitude in-phase power divider 60, one port of the fourth equal-amplitude in-phase power divider 60 is connected to the input end of the seventh phase shifter 61, and the output end of the seventh phase shifter 61 is connected to the local oscillator input end of the third up-converter 55; two ports of the fourth equal-amplitude in-phase power divider 60 are connected to the input end of the eighth phase shifter 62, and the output end of the eighth phase shifter 62 is connected to the local oscillator input end of the fourth up-converter 63.

[0096] By adjusting the third digitally controlled attenuator 21 and the third phase shifter 28 of the horizontal polarization signal transmission link, and the eighth digitally controlled attenuator 65 and the eighth phase shifter 62 of the vertical polarization signal transmission link, the amplitude and phase adjustment of the horizontal polarization wave and the vertical polarization wave can be achieved, thereby obtaining a horizontal polarization transmission signal. By adjusting the seventh digitally controlled attenuator 54 and the seventh phase shifter 61 of the vertical polarization signal transmission link, and the fourth digitally controlled attenuator 32 and the fourth phase shifter 29 of the horizontal polarization signal transmission link, the amplitude and phase adjustment of the horizontal polarization wave and the vertical polarization wave can be achieved, thereby obtaining a vertical polarization transmission signal.

[0097] The terminal user can transmit two service carrier signal spectra, horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, at the same time, thereby increasing the communication capacity.

[0098] The phase signal output terminal of the microprocessor 33 is connected to the digital signal input terminal of the horizontal polarization transmission channel digital-to-analog converter 31 and the vertical polarization reception channel digital-to-analog converter 64. The control voltage output terminal of the dual-channel digital-to-analog converter 31 is connected to the control terminal of the third phase shifter 28 and the fourth phase shifter 29; the control voltage output terminal of the vertical polarization reception channel digital-to-analog converter 64 is connected to the control terminal of the seventh phase shifter 61 and the eighth phase shifter 62. The amplitude signal output terminals of the microprocessor 33 are respectively connected to the control terminals of the digitally controlled attenuators 21, 32, 54, and 65;

[0099] First, the amplitude and phase of the horizontal and vertical polarization receiving and transmitting links are aligned through automatic calibration. Then, the amplitude control word and phase control word of the horizontal and vertical polarization waves are obtained by looking up the table according to the required polarization angle, and the amplitude and phase of the horizontal polarization and vertical polarization waves of the receiving and transmitting channels are adjusted respectively.

[0100] The polarization adjustment range is 0 to 180 degrees with an accuracy of 1 degree, and the cross-polarization is better than 30dB.

[0101] The actual electronically adjustable dual-polarized transceiver module circuit can appropriately increase the number of up-conversion and down-conversion stages and the number of amplification circuit stages according to the performance of components and the working frequency band. According to the satellite communication system, if the time division communication system is adopted, the dual-polarized antenna unit and the transceiver port of the module can be connected to a circulator to achieve the isolation of the transceiver channel; if the frequency division communication system is adopted, the dual-polarized antenna unit and the transceiver port of the module can be connected to a duplexer.

[0102] The present application divides the horizontal polarization port and the vertical polarization port of the dual-polarization antenna unit into two outputs (inputs) by a power divider (combiner), and then uses a phase shifter and an attenuator to modulate the amplitude and phase of each signal, and finally cross-synthesizes them, so as to simultaneously realize the output (transmission) of vertically polarized and horizontally polarized satellite signals, and simultaneously realize satellite position tracking and electromagnetic wave polarization tracking, so as to maximize the carrier-to-noise ratio (C / N) of satellite communication.

[0103] In this application, the principle of dual-polarization electric modulation is explained, where it is assumed that the horizontal (H) polarization electric field component of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the satellite to the surface of the earth is E h , the vertical (V) polarization electric field component is E v , and the horizontal polarization port output electric field component of the dual-polarization antenna unit is E′ h , the output electric field component of the vertical polarization port is E′ v , then they should have the following relationship:

[0104] Horizontally polarized port of dual-polarized antenna unit: E′ h =E h cosθ-E v sinθ (1)

[0105] Vertically polarized port of dual-polarized antenna unit: E′ v =E h sinθ+E v cosθ (2)

[0106] Where θ is the angle between the polarization direction of the ground terminal antenna aperture and the polarization direction of the satellite wave. The orthogonal electric field components of the dual-polarization antenna aperture are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 is the horizontally polarized electric field component E′ at the port of the dual-polarized antenna unit h , vertically polarized electric field component E′ v The horizontally polarized electric field component E of the electromagnetic wave at the surface of the earth with the satellite h , vertically polarized electric field component E v The relationship between.

[0107] like Figure 4 As shown, the horizontally polarized electric field component actually received by the dual-polarized antenna unit is E′ h =E h cosθ-E v sinθ, the vertically polarized electric field component actually received is E′ v =E h sinθ+E v In the horizontal polarization signal receiving link, if we divide the two polarization electric field components E′ h , E′ v Weighted sum, that is

[0108] aE′ h +bE′ v =a(E h cosθ-E v sinθ)+b(E h sinθ+E v cosθ)

[0109] =E h (acosθ+bsinθ)+E v (-asinθ+bcosθ) (3)

[0110] From the above formula, we can see that if a=cosθ,b=sinθ,then

[0111] aE′ h +bE′ v =E h (4)

[0112] If a=-sinθ, b=cosθ, then

[0113] aE′ h +bE′ v =E v (4)

[0114] Therefore, by adding appropriate weights to the dual-polarization electric field components actually received by the antenna unit and then summing them up, we can recover the dual-polarization satellite signal. Similarly, the dual-polarization signal transmission link is the inverse process.

[0115] In the embodiment of the present application, for the receiving circuit, the horizontally polarized electric field component actually received by the dual-polarized antenna unit is E′ h The horizontal polarization receiving port of the antenna unit is connected in sequence to the horizontal polarization channel low noise amplifier (LNA), the horizontal polarization channel bandpass filter (BPF), and the horizontal polarization channel one-to-two equal amplitude in-phase power divider. After passing through the power divider, the horizontal polarization electric field component E' h It is divided into two paths, one of which enters the first down-converter and the first digitally controlled attenuator in sequence to achieve gain adjustment of the horizontal polarization signal, and then enters the horizontal polarization channel intermediate frequency combiner.

[0116] The vertically polarized electric field component actually received by the dual-polarized antenna unit is E′ v The vertical polarization port of the antenna unit is connected in sequence to the vertical polarization channel low noise amplifier (LNA), the vertical polarization channel bandpass filter (BPF), and the vertical polarization channel one-to-two equal amplitude in-phase power divider. After passing through the power divider, the vertical polarization electric field component E' v It is divided into two paths, one of which enters the second down-converter and the second digitally controlled attenuator in sequence to achieve gain adjustment of the vertical polarization signal, and then enters the horizontal polarization channel intermediate frequency combiner.

[0117] The intermediate frequency combiner in the horizontal polarization receiving channel combines the horizontal polarization and vertical polarization signals with equal amplitude and phase, and then sends them to the intermediate frequency amplifier of the horizontal polarization channel for amplification and output, thus obtaining the electric field vector E of the horizontal polarization wave sent by the satellite to the ground receiving antenna. h .

[0118] The local oscillator signals of the first down-converter and the second down-converter are provided by the first frequency synthesizer. The local oscillator signal is power-divided by an equal-amplitude and in-phase power divider. The two reference signals after power division are phase-shifted by the first phase shifter and sent to the first horizontal polarization signal down-converter, and the other is phase-shifted by the second phase shifter and sent to the second down-converter. By adjusting the first phase shifter and the first digitally controlled attenuator of the horizontal polarization link, as well as the second phase shifter and the second digitally controlled attenuator, the amplitude and phase adjustment of the horizontal polarization and vertical polarization receiving signals can be achieved, thereby restoring the electric field vector E of the horizontally polarized wave sent by the satellite to the ground receiving antenna. h .

[0119] For the transmitting circuit, the horizontally polarized electric field component actually emitted by the horizontally polarized transmitting port on the right is E h The horizontal polarization transmitting port is connected to the intermediate frequency amplifier, the intermediate frequency bandpass filter, and the one-to-two equal amplitude in-phase power divider in sequence. After passing through the power divider, the horizontal polarization electric field component E h It is divided into two paths, one of which enters the third digitally controlled attenuator and the first up-converter in sequence to achieve gain adjustment of the horizontal polarization signal, and then enters the horizontal polarization channel RF combiner.

[0120] The vertically polarized electric field component actually emitted by the vertically polarized transmitting port on the right is E v The vertical polarization transmitting port is connected to the intermediate frequency amplifier, the intermediate frequency bandpass filter, and the one-to-two equal amplitude in-phase power divider in sequence. After passing through the power divider, the vertical polarization electric field component E v It is divided into two paths, one of which enters the fourth digitally controlled attenuator and the second up-converter in sequence to achieve gain adjustment of the vertical polarization signal, and then enters the horizontal polarization channel RF combiner.

[0121] The RF combiner in the horizontal polarization transmission channel combines the horizontal polarization and vertical polarization transmission signals with equal amplitude and phase, and sends them to the horizontal polarization channel RF amplifier for amplification. Then, the RF combiner outputs the horizontal polarization wave electric field vector E′ sent from the ground to the satellite. h .

[0122] The local oscillator signals of the first up-converter and the second up-converter are provided by the second frequency synthesizer. The local oscillator signal provided by the second frequency synthesizer is power-divided by an equal-amplitude and in-phase power divider. The two reference signals after power division are phase-shifted by the third phase shifter and sent to the first up-converter, and the other is phase-shifted by the fourth phase shifter and sent to the second up-converter. By adjusting the third phase shifter and the third digitally controlled attenuator of the horizontal polarization link, as well as the fourth phase shifter and the fourth digitally controlled attenuator, the amplitude and phase adjustment of the horizontally polarized and vertically polarized transmission signals can be achieved, thereby obtaining the electric field vector E′ of the horizontally polarized wave sent from the ground to the satellite in the sky. hAccording to the reciprocity principle, the horizontal polarization electric field vector finally received by the satellite in the sky is E h .

[0123] For the receiving circuit, the vertically polarized electric field component actually received by the dual-polarized antenna unit is E′ v The vertical polarization receiving port of the antenna unit is connected to the RF low noise amplifier, RF bandpass filter, and one-to-two equal amplitude in-phase power divider in sequence. After passing through the power divider, the vertical polarization electric field component E' v It is divided into two paths, one of which enters the third down-converter and the fifth digitally controlled attenuator in sequence to achieve gain adjustment of the vertical polarization signal, and then enters the vertical polarization channel intermediate frequency combiner.

[0124] The horizontally polarized electric field component actually received by the dual-polarized antenna unit is E′ h The horizontal polarization port of the antenna unit is connected to a low noise amplifier, a radio frequency bandpass filter, and a one-to-two equal amplitude in-phase power divider in sequence. After passing through the power divider, the horizontal polarization electric field component E' h It is divided into two paths, one of which enters the fourth down-converter and the sixth digitally controlled attenuator in sequence to achieve gain adjustment of the horizontal polarization signal, and then enters the intermediate frequency combiner of the vertical polarization channel.

[0125] The intermediate frequency combiner in the vertical polarization receiving channel combines the horizontal polarization and vertical polarization signals with equal amplitude and phase, and then sends them to the intermediate frequency amplifier for amplification and output, obtaining the electric field vector E of the vertical polarization wave sent by the satellite to the ground receiving antenna. v .

[0126] The local oscillator signals of the third down-converter and the fourth down-converter are provided by the third frequency synthesizer. The local oscillator signal provided by the third frequency synthesizer is power-divided by an equal-amplitude and in-phase power divider. The two reference signals after power division are phase-shifted by the fifth phase shifter and sent to the third down-converter, and the other is phase-shifted by the sixth phase shifter and sent to the fourth down-converter. By adjusting the fifth phase shifter and the fifth digitally controlled attenuator, as well as the sixth phase shifter and the sixth digitally controlled attenuator, the amplitude and phase adjustment of the horizontally polarized and vertically polarized received signals can be achieved, thereby restoring the electric field vector E of the vertically polarized wave sent by the satellite to the ground receiving antenna. v .

[0127] For the transmitting circuit, the vertically polarized electric field component actually emitted by the vertically polarized transmitting port on the right is E v The vertical polarization transmitting port is connected to the intermediate frequency amplifier, the intermediate frequency bandpass filter, and the one-to-two equal amplitude in-phase power divider in sequence. After passing through the power divider, the vertical polarization electric field component E v It is divided into two paths, one of which enters the seventh digitally controlled attenuator and the third up-converter in sequence to achieve gain adjustment of the vertical polarization signal, and then enters the vertical polarization channel RF combiner.

[0128] The horizontally polarized electric field component actually emitted by the horizontally polarized transmitting port on the right is E h The horizontal polarization transmitting port is connected in sequence to an intermediate frequency amplifier, an intermediate frequency bandpass filter, and a horizontal polarization channel one-to-two equal amplitude in-phase power divider. After passing through the power divider, the horizontal polarization electric field component E h It is divided into two paths, one of which enters the eighth digitally controlled attenuator and the fourth up-converter in sequence to achieve gain adjustment of the horizontal polarization signal, and then enters the vertical polarization channel RF combiner.

[0129] The RF combiner in the vertical polarization transmission channel combines the horizontal polarization and vertical polarization transmission signals with equal amplitude and phase, and sends them to the RF amplifier for amplification. Then, the RF combiner outputs the signals through the RF bandpass filter to obtain the electric field vector E′ of the horizontal polarization wave sent from the ground to the satellite. h .

[0130] The local oscillator signals of the third up-converter and the fourth up-converter are provided by the fourth frequency synthesizer. The local oscillator signal provided by the fourth frequency synthesizer is power-divided by an equal-amplitude and in-phase power divider. The two reference signals after power division are phase-shifted by the seventh phase shifter and sent to the third horizontal polarization signal up-converter, and the other is phase-shifted by the eighth phase shifter and sent to the fourth up-converter. By adjusting the seventh phase shifter and the seventh digitally controlled attenuator, as well as the eighth phase shifter and the eighth digitally controlled attenuator, the amplitude and phase adjustment of the horizontally polarized and vertically polarized transmission signals can be achieved, thereby obtaining the electric field vector E′ of the horizontally polarized wave sent from the ground to the satellite in the sky. v According to the reciprocity principle, the vertically polarized electric field vector finally received by the satellite in the sky is E v .

[0131] It should be noted that when calibrating the electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver module, the amplitude and phase of the horizontal polarization and vertical polarization signals can be made equal, and then the polarization angle of the communication satellite landing signal can be obtained by querying, and then the microprocessor (MCU) generates the amplitude control word and phase control word of the horizontal and vertical polarization waves according to the polarization angle table, and adjusts the amplitude and phase of the horizontal polarization wave and the vertical polarization wave respectively through the dual-channel digital-to-analog converter. The polarization angle adjustment range of the received electromagnetic wave is 0 to 180 degrees, and the accuracy is determined by the number of digits of the digitally controlled attenuator and phase shifter. Generally speaking, the cross polarization is required to be better than 30dB.

[0132] The ground station reproduces the horizontal polarization electric field vector E of the satellite radiation h The specific method is as follows:

[0133] First, the polarization angle θ is estimated based on the longitude and latitude of the received satellite and ground station;

[0134] When the horizontal polarization component of the ground station receiving antenna unit passes through the horizontal polarization link, it passes through the digitally controlled attenuator and phase shifter to become:

[0135] E ha =E' h cosθ=E h cos 2 θ-E v sinθcosθ (3)

[0136] When the vertical polarization component received by the ground station receiving antenna unit passes through the digitally controlled attenuator and phase shifter, it becomes:

[0137] E hb =E′ v sinθ=E h sin 2 θ+E v sinθcosθ (4)

[0138] The two components are combined into one by the in-phase intermediate frequency combiner, and the horizontal polarization signal of the satellite can be output:

[0139] E ha +E hb =E h (5)

[0140] Similarly, the electric field vector E of the dual polarization wave can be obtained v Specific theoretical steps to reproduce:

[0141] When the vertical polarization component of the ground station receiving antenna unit passes through the vertical polarization link, it is:

[0142] E va =E′ v cosθ=E h sinθcosθ+E v cos 2 θ (6)

[0143] The horizontal polarization component of the horizontal polarization link power splitter of the ground station receiving antenna unit passes through the digitally controlled attenuator and phase shifter and is:

[0144] E vb =E' h sin(θ+π)=-E h sinθcosθ+E v sin 2 θ (7)

[0145] These two components are then output by the in-phase two-in-one intermediate frequency combiner, and the output signal is:

[0146] E va +E vb =E v (8)

[0147] (6) Taking θ as a variable, making it vary in the range of 0 to 180 degrees, and detecting the maximum received power of the two signals at the same time, the actual polarization angle θ can be obtained.

[0148] It should be noted that the principle of beam scanning by phased array antenna can be explained by the superposition of Huygens wavelet source radiation. There are four main factors that control the radiation pattern of phased array antenna: the radiation pattern of antenna unit: That is, the amplitude and phase data of the electric field strength changing with the spatial angle (θ, φ). The spacing of the antenna units. The feeding amplitude of the antenna units. The feeding phase of the antenna units.

[0149] The radiation pattern and spacing of the antenna units are determined when the antenna array is designed and are generally not changed. Therefore, the beam scanning of the phased array antenna is mainly achieved by modulating the amplitude and phase of the antenna units. The number of transceiver (T / R) chips in the beam scanning layer corresponds to the number of antenna units, and each T / R chip is connected to an electrically regulated dual-polarized transceiver module. The system can adjust the overall amplitude and phase of each antenna unit according to the beam control algorithm, thereby controlling the beam direction of the antenna array.

[0150] The present application includes a dual-polarization antenna layer, an electrically adjustable dual-polarization tracking layer and an amplitude modulation phase modulation beam scanning layer connected in sequence. The dual-polarization antenna layer receives and transmits dual-polarization electromagnetic wave signals, and the electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver module receives and transmits horizontally polarized satellite signals and vertically horizontally polarized satellite signals. The amplitude modulation phase modulation beam scanning layer adjusts the amplitude and phase of the horizontally polarized satellite signal and the vertically polarized satellite signal, thereby improving the satellite communication efficiency.

[0151] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A satellite communication system, characterized in that: The satellite communication system comprises: A dual-polarization antenna layer, wherein the dual-polarization antenna layer includes M×N dual-polarization antenna units, and the M×N dual-polarization antenna units are used to receive and transmit dual-polarization electromagnetic wave signals, where M and N are positive integers; An electrically adjustable dual-polarization tracking layer, the electrically adjustable dual-polarization tracking layer comprising M×N electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver modules, the M×N electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver modules corresponding one-to-one to the M×N dual-polarization antenna units and being communicatively connected, the electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver modules being used to receive and transmit horizontally polarized satellite signals, and being used to receive and transmit vertically polarized satellite signals; An amplitude modulation phase modulation beam scanning layer, the amplitude modulation phase modulation beam scanning layer includes M×N transceiver chips, the M×N transceiver chips correspond one-to-one to the M×N electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver modules and are communicatively connected, and the transceiver chip is used to adjust the amplitude and phase of the horizontally polarized satellite signal and the vertically polarized satellite signal.

2. The satellite communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the dual-polarized antenna units includes a horizontal polarization port and a vertical polarization port, and each of the electrically adjustable dual-polarized transceiver modules includes a horizontal polarization transceiver port, a vertical polarization transceiver port and a microprocessor; In any group of the dual-polarization antenna units and the electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver modules that are communicatively connected, the horizontal polarization port is connected to the corresponding horizontal polarization transceiver port, the vertical polarization port is connected to the vertical polarization transceiver port, and the microprocessor is used to control the reception and transmission of the horizontally polarized satellite signal, and control the reception and transmission of the vertically polarized satellite signal; The electrically adjustable dual-polarization transceiver module includes a receiving circuit and a transmitting circuit; In any group of the dual-polarized antenna units and the electrically adjustable dual-polarized transceiver modules that are communicatively connected: The horizontal polarization port and the vertical polarization port are connected to the horizontal polarization transceiver port and the vertical polarization transceiver port through the receiving circuit, and the receiving circuit is used to receive the horizontal polarization satellite signal and the vertical polarization satellite signal; The horizontal polarization transceiver port and the vertical polarization transceiver port are connected to the horizontal polarization port and the vertical polarization port through the transmitting circuit, and the transmitting circuit is used to transmit the horizontal polarization satellite signal and the vertical polarization satellite signal.

3. The satellite communication system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The receiving circuit includes: a first radio frequency low noise amplifier, a first radio frequency band pass filter, a first radio frequency power splitter, a first down converter, a first digitally controlled attenuator, a first intermediate frequency combiner, a first intermediate frequency amplifier, a first intermediate frequency band pass filter, a second radio frequency low noise amplifier, a third radio frequency band pass filter, a second radio frequency power splitter, a second down converter and a second digitally controlled attenuator; The horizontal polarization port is connected to the corresponding horizontal polarization transceiver port through the first RF low noise amplifier, the first RF bandpass filter, the first RF power divider, the first down converter, the first digitally controlled attenuator, the first intermediate frequency combiner, the first intermediate frequency amplifier, and the first intermediate frequency bandpass filter in sequence, and the first digitally controlled attenuator is also connected to the microprocessor; The vertical polarization port is connected to the corresponding horizontal polarization transceiver port in sequence through the second RF low noise amplifier, the third RF bandpass filter, the second RF power divider, the second down converter, the second digitally controlled attenuator, the first intermediate frequency combiner, the first intermediate frequency amplifier, and the first intermediate frequency bandpass filter, and the second digitally controlled attenuator is also connected to the microprocessor.

4. The satellite communication system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The receiving circuit also includes a first frequency synthesizer, a first equal-amplitude in-phase power divider, a first phase shifter, a second phase shifter and a first digital-to-analog converter; The first frequency synthesizer is connected to the microprocessor in sequence through the first equal-amplitude in-phase power divider, the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter in parallel, and the first digital-to-analog converter. The first phase shifter is also connected to the first down-converter, and the second phase shifter is also connected to the second down-converter.

5. The satellite communication system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The receiving circuit includes: a second RF low noise amplifier, a third RF bandpass filter, a second RF power splitter, a third down converter, a fifth digitally controlled attenuator, a second intermediate frequency combiner, a third intermediate frequency amplifier, a third intermediate frequency bandpass filter, a first RF low noise amplifier, a first RF bandpass filter, a first RF power splitter, a fourth down converter and a sixth digitally controlled attenuator; The vertical polarization port is connected to the corresponding vertical polarization transceiver port in sequence through the second RF low noise amplifier, the third RF bandpass filter, the second RF power divider, the third down converter, the fifth digitally controlled attenuator, the second intermediate frequency combiner, the third intermediate frequency amplifier, and the third intermediate frequency bandpass filter, and the fifth digitally controlled attenuator is also connected to the microprocessor; The horizontal polarization port is connected to the corresponding vertical polarization transceiver port in sequence through the first RF low noise amplifier, the first RF bandpass filter, the first RF power divider, the fourth down converter, the sixth digitally controlled attenuator, the second intermediate frequency combiner, the third intermediate frequency amplifier, and the third intermediate frequency bandpass filter, and the sixth digitally controlled attenuator is also connected to the microprocessor.

6. The satellite communication system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The receiving circuit also includes a third frequency synthesizer, a third equal-amplitude in-phase power divider, a fifth phase shifter, a sixth phase shifter and a third digital-to-analog converter; The third frequency synthesizer is connected to the microprocessor in sequence through the third equal-amplitude in-phase power divider, the fifth phase shifter and the sixth phase shifter in parallel, and the third digital-to-analog converter. The fifth phase shifter is also connected to the third down-converter, and the sixth phase shifter is also connected to the fourth down-converter.

7. The satellite communication system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmitting circuit includes: a second intermediate frequency amplifier, a second intermediate frequency bandpass filter, a first intermediate frequency power divider, a third digitally controlled attenuator, a first up-converter, a first radio frequency combiner, a first radio frequency amplifier, a second radio frequency bandpass filter, a fourth intermediate frequency amplifier, a fourth intermediate frequency bandpass filter, a second intermediate frequency power divider, an eighth digitally controlled attenuator and a fourth up-converter; The horizontal polarization transceiver port is connected to the corresponding horizontal polarization port through the second intermediate frequency amplifier, the second intermediate frequency bandpass filter, the first intermediate frequency power divider, the third digitally controlled attenuator, the first up-converter, the first radio frequency combiner, the first radio frequency amplifier, and the second radio frequency bandpass filter in sequence, and the third digitally controlled attenuator is also connected to the microprocessor; The vertical polarization transceiver port is connected to the corresponding horizontal polarization port in sequence through the fourth intermediate frequency amplifier, the fourth intermediate frequency bandpass filter, the second intermediate frequency power divider, the eighth digitally controlled attenuator, the fourth up-converter, the first RF combiner, the first RF amplifier, and the second RF bandpass filter, and the eighth digitally controlled attenuator is also connected to the microprocessor.

8. The satellite communication system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmitting circuit further comprises: a second frequency synthesizer, a second equal-amplitude in-phase power divider, a third phase shifter, a fourth phase shifter and a second digital-to-analog converter; The second frequency synthesizer is connected to the microprocessor in sequence through the second equal-amplitude in-phase power divider, the third phase shifter and the fourth phase shifter connected in parallel, and the second digital-to-analog converter, and the third phase shifter is also connected to the first up-converter.

9. The satellite communication system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmitting circuit includes: a fourth intermediate frequency amplifier, a fourth intermediate frequency bandpass filter, a second intermediate frequency power divider, a seventh digitally controlled attenuator, a third up-converter, a second radio frequency combiner, a second radio frequency amplifier, a fourth radio frequency bandpass filter, a second intermediate frequency amplifier, a second intermediate frequency bandpass filter, a first intermediate frequency power divider, a fourth digitally controlled attenuator and a second up-converter; The vertical polarization transceiver port is connected to the corresponding vertical polarization port through the fourth intermediate frequency amplifier, the fourth intermediate frequency bandpass filter, the second intermediate frequency power divider, the seventh digitally controlled attenuator, the third up-converter, the second radio frequency combiner, the second radio frequency amplifier, and the fourth radio frequency bandpass filter in sequence, and the seventh digitally controlled attenuator is also connected to the microprocessor; The horizontal polarization transceiver port is connected to the corresponding vertical polarization port in sequence through the second intermediate frequency amplifier, the second intermediate frequency bandpass filter, the first intermediate frequency power divider, the fourth digitally controlled attenuator, the second up-converter, the second RF combiner, the second RF amplifier, and the fourth RF bandpass filter, and the fourth digitally controlled attenuator is also connected to the microprocessor.

10. The satellite communication system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The transmitting circuit further comprises: a fourth frequency synthesizer, a fourth equal-amplitude in-phase power divider, a seventh phase shifter, an eighth phase shifter and a fourth digital-to-analog converter; The fourth frequency synthesizer is connected to the microprocessor in sequence through the fourth equal-amplitude in-phase power divider, the seventh phase shifter and the eighth phase shifter connected in parallel, and the fourth digital-to-analog converter, and the seventh phase shifter is also connected to the third up-converter.

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