A multi-directional buffering seismic wave multi-module, low-noise in-situ sensing system and sensing method

Abstract

This invention relates to an earthquake monitoring technology, specifically a multi-module, low-noise in-situ seismic wave sensing system and method with multi-directional buffering. The system integrates a main structure, vibration sensors, oscillation sensors, and resistivity sensors. The vibration sensors are elastically and movably mounted on the top of the main structure along its axial direction, forming a longitudinal wave sensing module. The oscillation sensors are radially and slidably mounted on the upper part of the main structure, and can rotate around the axis of the main structure, forming a transverse wave sensing module. The resistivity sensors are detachably mounted on the upper part of the main structure, and a first buffer structure is provided between the resistivity sensors and the oscillation sensors. This system monitors and senses the plumb bob and horizontal vibrations corresponding to the longitudinal and transverse waves generated by seismic waves in three-dimensional space, utilizing elastic energy storage to absorb and reduce noise from low-level environmental vibrations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an earthquake monitoring technology, specifically a multi-module, low-noise in-situ induction system and method for seismic waves with multi-directional buffering. Background Technology

[0002] Seismic wave monitoring involves measuring and analyzing the shock waves experienced by equipment during an earthquake using various physical methods. Its theoretical basis is mainly concentrated on the propagation characteristics and wave theory of seismic waves, and data is collected through instruments and equipment.

[0003] Specifically, it can be divided into seismic network monitoring, seismic instrument monitoring, and geomagnetic monitoring. The most common seismic instrument monitoring is generally carried out with the help of instruments such as displacement gauges and vibration acceleration sensors; while seismic network geoelectric observation is mainly based on the georesistivity observation of symmetrical four-pole devices, and its observation curves usually have long-term changes, annual changes, daily changes, and steps.

[0004] Geomagnetic monitoring is greatly affected by the environment because it works by detecting targets by observing changes in the magnetic field. However, many materials can affect the magnetic field, such as cables and metal components. These external factors can interfere with the accuracy and stability of geomagnetic monitors, leading to increased errors.

[0005] In both academic and applied contexts, seismic waves are generally monitored from the perspective of wave motion based on the same principle. The measured data exhibit certain biases in some characteristics, are relatively singular in dimension, and are significantly affected by induced factors. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-module, low-noise in-situ induction system and method for seismic waves with multi-directional buffering, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-module, low-noise in-situ seismic wave induction system with multi-directional buffering, comprising:

[0008] The main rod structure is in contact with and fixed to the ground.

[0009] A vibration sensor is elastically and movably mounted on the top of the main rod structure along the axial direction of the main rod structure to form a longitudinal wave sensing module;

[0010] A swing sensor is slidably disposed on the upper part of the main rod structure along the radial direction of the main rod structure, and the swing sensor can rotate about the axis of the main rod structure to form a transverse wave sensing module;

[0011] A resistivity sensor is detachably mounted on the upper part of the main rod structure, and a first buffer structure is provided between the resistivity sensor and the swing sensor.

[0012] As described above, a multi-module, low-noise in-situ seismic wave sensing system with multi-directional buffering: the vibration sensor is elastically and movably mounted on the top of the main rod structure along the axial direction of the main rod structure via a second buffer structure;

[0013] The swing sensor is arranged radially along the upper part of the main rod structure via a third buffer structure;

[0014] The first buffer structure, the second buffer structure, and the third buffer structure are connected by a synchronous adjustment mechanism, which is used to adjust the elastic damping of the vibration sensor, the rotational damping of the swing sensor, and the sliding damping of the swing sensor.

[0015] As described above, a multi-module, low-noise in-situ induction system for seismic waves with multi-directional buffering: the main rod structure includes a rod body and a grounding terminal that is detachably installed at the lower end of the rod body by threads, and the end of the grounding terminal facing away from the rod body has a pointed tip;

[0016] The tip is a conductive metal part, and the tip is connected to the resistivity sensor through a wire passing through the center of the rod.

[0017] As described above, a multi-module, low-noise in-situ seismic wave sensing system with multi-directional buffering: the resistivity sensor is detachably mounted on the upper part of the main rod structure via a flat support mechanism, the flat support mechanism including a bracket and a clamp, one end of the bracket forming a semi-circular arc shape, and the clamp also having a semi-circular arc shape;

[0018] One end of the clamp is rotatably connected to the bracket, the resistivity sensor is fixedly installed on the bracket, and a threaded sleeve is provided on one side of the bracket, with a fastening bolt threaded onto the threaded sleeve;

[0019] One end of the fastening bolt forms a knob, and the other end of the fastening bolt is rotatably provided with a rotating sleeve. The rotating sleeve is hinged to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the clamp.

[0020] As described above, a multi-module, low-noise in-situ seismic wave sensing system with multi-directional buffering: a swing support mechanism is provided on one side of the rod along the radial direction of the rod, and the swing sensor is disposed on the swing support mechanism;

[0021] The swing support mechanism includes a swing frame with one end rotatably connected to the outer wall of the bracket via a second central pivot shaft. The swing frame has symmetrically opened sliding grooves along its length, and a slider is slidably disposed in the sliding groove.

[0022] Each slider is provided with a limit rod, and the third buffer structure includes a sleeve disposed at both ends of the swing sensor. The limit rod is slidably fitted with the sleeve, and a first spring is also provided between the limit rod and the sleeve.

[0023] As described above, a multi-module, low-noise in-situ induction system for seismic waves with multi-directional buffering: the first buffer structure includes a buffer sleeve with one end rotatably connected to the bracket via a first central pivot, a connecting column with one end rotatably connected to the swing frame, and a second spring elastically connecting the connecting column and the buffer sleeve.

[0024] The buffer sleeve is slidably fitted with the connecting post, and one end of the connecting post extending into the buffer sleeve forms an end cap. The second spring consists of two segments, one segment of which is fitted on the outer wall of the connecting post extending into the buffer sleeve, and the other segment is placed inside the buffer sleeve. One end of each segment of the second spring abuts against the two sides of the end cap.

[0025] As described above, a multi-module, low-noise in-situ induction system for seismic waves with multi-directional buffering: the second buffer structure is fixed to the assembly housing at the top of the rod body via a threaded connection, an adjustable lifting member is disposed within the rod body, and a mounting frame is elastically disposed between the assembly housing and the lifting member;

[0026] The inner wall of the assembled housing is provided with a groove, and the assembled housing and the nest are slidably engaged. The outer wall of the nest is formed with an outward protrusion, and the outward protrusion is slidably engaged with the groove.

[0027] A fourth spring is provided between the nest and the assembly housing, and the upper part of the mounting frame abuts against the nest; a third spring is provided between the lower part of the mounting frame and the lifting member, and the vibration sensor is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting frame.

[0028] As described above, a multi-module, low-noise in-situ seismic wave sensing system with multi-directional buffering: a first double-ended lead screw is rotatably mounted on the swing frame, and the slider is threadedly connected to the first double-ended lead screw;

[0029] The buffer sleeve has a straight groove, and a second double-ended lead screw is rotatably mounted above the buffer sleeve.

[0030] Two stop plates are symmetrically slidably arranged in the buffer sleeve. One of the stop plates is slidably engaged with the connecting column. The upper part of the stop plate is threadedly connected to the second double-ended lead screw and slides through the straight groove.

[0031] One end of the second spring abuts against one of the stop plates, and the other end abuts against one side of the top cap;

[0032] One end of the second spring abuts against another stop plate, and the other end abuts against the other side of the top cap.

[0033] As described above, a multi-module, low-noise in-situ induction system for seismic waves with multi-directional buffering: the synchronous adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment screw rotatably disposed outside the rod body, the adjustment screw being threadedly connected to an internal threaded sleeve, and the internal threaded sleeve being fixedly connected to the lifting component through one of the support arms;

[0034] The lower part of the second central shaft has a spiral groove, the lifting member is fixedly connected to the ring sleeve by another support arm, and the outside of the rod body has a through groove for the two support arms to pass through and slide.

[0035] The inner wall of the ring is fitted with balls that roll and engage with the spiral groove, and the second rotating shaft is connected to the first rotating shaft through a transmission component.

[0036] The second intermediate shaft is connected to the first double-ended lead screw via a set of bevel gears, and the second intermediate shaft is connected to the second double-ended lead screw via another set of bevel gears.

[0037] A method for in-situ multi-module, low-noise sensing of seismic waves using the in-situ sensing system described above includes the following steps:

[0038] Step 1: Calibrate the measuring points. Based on the geological characteristics, select multiple calibration points in the monitoring area and assemble the pole and grounding terminal together. Before assembly, connect the grounding terminal to the resistivity sensor with a wire. Then connect the vibration sensor, swing sensor, and resistivity sensor together to the signal host.

[0039] Step two, setup and commissioning: insert the tip of the grounding terminal into the ground at the calibration measuring point, and after reaching the predetermined depth, power on each sensor; it is necessary to record the initial reading of the resistivity sensor separately, and then zero the vibration sensor and the oscillation sensor.

[0040] Step 3: Determine the environmental noise figure and the average value of environmental induced vibration. Based on the average value of induced vibration, adjust the longitudinal vibration buffer strength of the vibration sensor, the horizontal radial vibration buffer strength of the oscillating sensor, and the yaw buffer strength of the oscillating sensor to compensate for the induced vibration error.

[0041] Step 4: Start monitoring the induction and record the signal strength of each frequency band on the signal host at regular intervals, including longitudinal vibration intensity, horizontal vibration intensity, horizontal sway intensity, and the resistivity change trend of the grounding terminal.

[0042] Step 5: Summarize the records, collect the data monitored in Step 4, and perform curve fitting through function equations to obtain the seismic wave (transverse and longitudinal waves) and crustal pressure trend of in-situ geology, and analyze the results to discuss the conclusions.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: for the monitoring and sensing of the vertical and horizontal vibrations corresponding to the longitudinal and transverse waves generated by seismic waves in three-dimensional space, the vibration sensor senses the longitudinal wave, and the vibration sensor is elastically and movably set on the top of the main rod structure, so as to absorb energy and reduce noise of low-level environmental vibrations by utilizing elastic energy storage.

[0044] For transverse waves generated by induced vibrations, whether they produce torque or radial vibrations on the oscillating sensor, noise reduction can be performed effectively.

[0045] In addition, the resistivity sensor is used to detect and monitor seismic waves based on the changes in crustal pressure caused by the generation of seismic waves. In other words, this invention integrates the detection and monitoring of both the vibration of seismic waves and crustal pressure, resulting in more independent variables and greater objectivity and accuracy.

[0046] Finally, the first, second, and third buffer structures, through their structural transmission characteristics, can synchronously and correspondingly adjust their noise reduction intensity. By synchronously adjusting the buffer intensity of the three structures, the noise reduction intensity in the three degrees of freedom can be adjusted in a corresponding manner. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural components of a multi-module, low-noise in-situ induction system for seismic waves with multi-directional buffering.

[0048] Figure 2 In order to be in Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure after the grounding terminal is removed from one end of the pole.

[0049] Figure 3 In order to be in Figure 1 A partial view of the upper part is cropped from the front view.

[0050] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A three-dimensional view.

[0051] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A three-dimensional view from another angle.

[0052] Figure 6 for Figure 3 Another perspective: a three-dimensional view.

[0053] Figure 7 for Figure 3 Another 3D view.

[0054] Figure 8 In order to be in Figure 3 The three-dimensional view after the bracket is removed from the pole is based on this.

[0055] Figure 9 In order to be in Figure 8 The diagram shows the structure after separating the buffer sleeve and connecting column.

[0056] Figure 10 In order to be in Figure 9 The diagram shows the structure after further disassembling the connecting column and the second spring.

[0057] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the swing sensor has been removed from the swing frame.

[0058] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the vibration sensor has been removed from the top of the mounting bracket.

[0059] Figure 13 for Figure 3 Top view.

[0060] Figure 14 for Figure 13 Sectional view along the AA direction.

[0061] Figure 15 for Figure 14 A three-dimensional view.

[0062] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the nesting has been removed from the assembled housing.

[0063] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the ball bearing structure in the support arms and ring sleeves on both sides of the lifting component.

[0064] Figure 18 for Figure 17 A structural diagram from another perspective.

[0065] In the diagram: 1. Rod body; 2. Grounding terminal; 3. Vibration sensor; 4. Swing sensor; 5. Resistivity sensor; 6. Swing support mechanism; 601. Swing frame; 602. No. 1 double-ended lead screw; 603. Slide groove; 604. Slider; 605. Limiting rod; 606. First spring; 607. Sleeve; 7. Flat support mechanism; 701. Bracket; 702. Clamp; 703. Screw sleeve; 704. Fastening bolt; 705. Connecting rod; 8. Buffer sleeve; 801, straight groove; 9, connecting column; 10, No. 2 double-ended lead screw; 11, stop plate; 12, second spring; 13, first central shaft; 14, transmission component; 15, second central shaft; 16, ring sleeve; 17, lifting component; 18, internal threaded clamp; 19, adjusting screw; 20, third spring; 21, mounting bracket; 22, nesting; 2201, external protrusion; 23, fourth spring; 24, assembled housing; 2401, groove. Detailed Implementation

[0066] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0067] Please see Figures 1-18 As an embodiment of the present invention, the multi-module, low-noise in-situ induction system for seismic waves with multi-directional buffering includes:

[0068] The main rod structure is in good contact with and fixed to the ground.

[0069] Vibration sensor 3 is elastically and movably mounted on the top of the main rod structure along the axial direction of the main rod structure to form a longitudinal wave sensing module. The vibration sensor 3 is a vibration-type acceleration sensor.

[0070] A swing sensor 4 is slidably disposed on the upper part of the main rod structure along the radial direction of the main rod structure, and the swing sensor 4 can rotate around the axis of the main rod structure to form a transverse wave sensing module;

[0071] A resistivity sensor 5 is detachably mounted on the upper part of the main rod structure, and a first buffer structure is provided between the resistivity sensor 5 and the swing sensor 4.

[0072] In this embodiment, for the monitoring and sensing of the vertical and horizontal vibrations corresponding to the longitudinal and transverse waves generated by seismic waves in three-dimensional space, the vibration sensor 3 senses the longitudinal wave and is elastically and movably set on the top of the main rod structure. The elastic energy storage is used to absorb and reduce the noise of low-level environmental vibrations (vibrations induced by non-seismic waves, such as building collapse, heavy vehicles passing by, reservoir water storage, etc.).

[0073] Meanwhile, the swing sensor 4 is used to detect and sense the transverse wave. If the radial direction of the main rod structure where the swing sensor 4 is located is at an angle to the transverse wave direction, the swing sensor 4 will generate torque and thus sense and detect the signal. If the radial direction of the main rod structure where the swing sensor 4 is located is exactly in line with the transverse wave direction, the swing sensor 4 will generate radial vibration.

[0074] In this invention, the swing sensor 4 is slidably mounted on the upper part of the main rod structure in a buffered manner along the radial direction of the main rod structure, and a first buffer structure is set between the resistivity sensor 5 and the swing sensor 4. Therefore, the transverse wave generated by induced vibration can be well noise-reduced, whether it generates torque or radial vibration on the swing sensor 4.

[0075] In addition, the resistivity sensor 4 is used to sense and monitor the seismic waves based on the changes in crustal pressure caused by the generation of seismic waves. That is, the present invention integrates the sensing and monitoring of both the vibration of seismic waves and crustal pressure, and the sensed independent variables are more numerous, making it more objective and accurate.

[0076] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the vibration sensor 3 is elastically and movably mounted on the top of the main body rod structure along the axial direction of the main body rod structure via a second buffer structure;

[0077] The swing sensor 4 is arranged radially along the upper part of the main rod structure via a third buffer structure;

[0078] The first buffer structure, the second buffer structure, and the third buffer structure are connected by a synchronous adjustment mechanism, which is used to adjust the elastic damping of the vibration sensor 3, the rotational damping of the swing sensor 4, and the sliding buffer damping of the swing sensor 4.

[0079] In this embodiment, the first buffer structure can be used to specifically denoise the longitudinal wave, while the second and third buffer structures can denoise the torque and radial vibration generated by the transverse wave on the oscillating sensor 4.

[0080] Furthermore, the first buffer structure, the second buffer structure, and the third buffer structure in this application can be synchronously and correspondingly adjusted for noise reduction intensity. By synchronously adjusting the buffer intensity of the three, the noise reduction intensity on the three degrees of freedom can be adjusted in a corresponding manner.

[0081] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the main rod structure includes a rod body 1 and a grounding terminal 2 that is detachably installed at the lower end of the rod body 1 by means of threads, wherein the end of the grounding terminal 2 facing away from the rod body 1 is formed with a pointed tip;

[0082] The tip is a conductive metal part, and the tip is connected to the resistivity sensor 5 through a wire passing through the center of the rod 1.

[0083] In this embodiment, earthquakes are caused by changes in the gravitational pull of the solar system and the Earth. Changes in Earth's gravity lead to Earth pulsations (expansion and contraction), which inevitably increase the pressure on the Earth's crust, resulting in a decrease in "earth resistivity." It is this change in crustal pressure that triggers large earthquakes, so a sharp decrease in "earth resistivity" can be used as one of the methods for earthquake prediction and forecasting.

[0084] In this invention, a tip is inserted into the ground to sense and monitor the ground resistivity. By observing changes in resistivity, earthquakes can be predicted. The tip allows the main rod structure of this invention to be directly tested on-site, and can be moved and used for sensing and monitoring anytime and anywhere, not limited to experimental testing, thereby achieving the purpose of in-situ sensing.

[0085] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the resistivity sensor 5 is detachably mounted on the upper part of the main rod structure via a flat support mechanism 7. The flat support mechanism 7 includes a bracket 701 and a clamp 702. One end of the bracket 701 is formed with a semi-circular arc shape, and the clamp 702 is also in a semi-circular arc shape.

[0086] One end of the clamp 702 is rotatably connected to the bracket 701. The resistivity sensor 5 is fixedly installed on the bracket 701, and a threaded sleeve 703 is provided on one side of the bracket 701. A fastening bolt 704 is threaded onto the threaded sleeve 703.

[0087] One end of the fastening bolt 704 forms a knob, and the other end of the fastening bolt 704 is rotatably provided with a rotating sleeve. The rotating sleeve is hinged to one end of the connecting rod 705, and the other end of the connecting rod 705 is hinged to the clamp 702.

[0088] In this embodiment, the fastening bolt 704 is rotated by turning the knob. Under the action of the threaded sleeve 703, the fastening bolt 704 rotates while moving closer to or away from the clamp 702, thereby causing the rotating sleeve clamp 702 to move closer to or away from the clamp. Finally, the clamp 702 is rotated by the connecting rod 705, so that the ring formed by the clamp 702 and one end of the bracket 701 is opened or closed, thereby realizing the detachable mounting of the bracket 701 on the rod 1.

[0089] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a swing support mechanism 6 is provided on one side of the rod 1 along the radial direction of the rod 1, and the swing sensor 4 is disposed on the swing support mechanism 6.

[0090] The swing support mechanism 6 includes a swing frame 601 with one end rotatably connected to the outer wall of the bracket 701 via a second central pivot 15. The swing frame 601 is symmetrically provided with a sliding groove 603 along its length direction, and a slider 604 is slidably disposed in the sliding groove 603.

[0091] Each slider 604 is provided with a limiting rod 605. The third buffer structure includes a sleeve 607 disposed at both ends of the swing sensor 4. The limiting rod 605 is slidably fitted with the sleeve 607, and a first spring 606 is also disposed between the limiting rod 605 and the sleeve 607.

[0092] In this embodiment, if the transverse wave direction generated by the induced vibration is consistent with the length direction of the swing frame 601, the swing sensor 4 can reduce noise by moving along the length direction of the swing frame 601 and compressing the first spring 606.

[0093] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the first buffer structure includes a buffer sleeve 8 with one end rotatably connected to the bracket 701 via a first central pivot 13, a connecting post 9 with one end rotatably connected to the swing frame 601, and a second spring 12 elastically connecting the connecting post 9 and the buffer sleeve 8.

[0094] The buffer sleeve 8 is slidably fitted with the connecting post 9, and one end of the connecting post 9 extending into the buffer sleeve 8 forms an end cap. The second spring 12 consists of two segments, one segment of which is fitted on the outer wall of the connecting post 9 extending into the buffer sleeve 8, and the other segment is placed inside the buffer sleeve 8. One end of each of the two segments of the second spring 12 abuts against the two sides of the end cap.

[0095] Note that the first central rotating shaft 13 is rotatably connected to the bracket 701, and also rotatably connected to one end of the buffer sleeve 8; the second central rotating shaft 15 is rotatably connected to the bracket 701, and also rotatably connected to the swing frame 601.

[0096] In this embodiment, once the bracket 701 is fixed to the rod 1 by the clamp 702, the bracket 701 can no longer move. If the swing frame 601 wants to move closer to the bracket 701 and deflect, the connecting post 9 needs to extend further into the buffer sleeve 8 and compress one section of the second spring 12. If the swing frame 601 wants to move away from the bracket 701 and deflect, the connecting post 9 needs to be pulled out of the buffer sleeve 8 and compress the other section of the second spring 12.

[0097] That is, no matter how the swing frame 601 wants to swing, it will be buffered by the second spring 12.

[0098] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the second buffer structure is fixed to the assembly housing 24 at the top of the rod 1 by a threaded connection, a lifting member 17 adjustablely disposed in the rod 1, and a mounting bracket 21 elastically disposed between the assembly housing 24 and the lifting member 17.

[0099] The inner wall of the assembly housing 24 is provided with a groove 2401, the assembly housing 24 and the nest 22 are slidably engaged, and the outer wall of the nest 22 is formed with an outward protrusion 2201, the outward protrusion 2201 and the groove 2401 are slidably engaged.

[0100] A fourth spring 23 is provided between the nest 22 and the assembly housing 24, and the upper part of the mounting frame 21 abuts against the nest 22; a third spring 20 is provided between the lower part of the mounting frame 21 and the lifting member 17, and the vibration sensor 3 is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting frame 21.

[0101] In this embodiment, the third spring 20 and the fourth spring 23 are used to buffer the mounting frame 21 from the upper and lower directions, respectively, thereby buffering the vibration sensor 3.

[0102] In addition, since the position of the lifting member 17 within the rod body 1 is adjustable, it is equivalent to the initial compression of the third spring 20 and the fourth spring 23 being adjustable, which means the initial buffer damping of the mounting frame 21 is adjustable.

[0103] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a first double-ended lead screw 602 is rotatably mounted on the swing frame 601, and the slider 604 is threadedly connected to the first double-ended lead screw 602.

[0104] The buffer sleeve 8 is provided with a straight groove 801, and a second double-headed screw 10 is rotatably arranged above the buffer sleeve 8.

[0105] Two stop plates 11 are symmetrically slidably arranged in the buffer sleeve 8. One of the stop plates 11 is slidably engaged with the connecting column 9. The upper part of the stop plate 11 is threadedly connected to the second double-ended lead screw 10 and slides through the straight groove 801.

[0106] One end of one section of the second spring 12 abuts against one of the stop plates 11, and the other end abuts against one side of the top cap;

[0107] One end of the second spring 12 abuts against another stop plate 11, and the other end abuts against the other side of the top cap.

[0108] In this embodiment, rotating the first double-ended lead screw 602 causes the two sliders 604 to move closer or further apart, which in turn causes the symmetrical limit rods 605 on both sides to move closer or further apart, thereby adjusting the initial compression of the two first springs 606, and finally achieving the vibration buffer damping adjustment of the swing sensor 4.

[0109] By rotating the second double-ended lead screw 10, the two stop plates 11 are driven to move closer or further apart, thereby driving the initial compression of the two second springs 12 to achieve the swing buffer damping sleeve of the swing sensor 4.

[0110] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the synchronous adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment screw 19 rotatably disposed outside the rod body 1, the adjustment screw 19 being threadedly connected to an internal threaded sleeve 18, and the internal threaded sleeve 18 being fixedly connected to the lifting member 17 through one of the support arms.

[0111] The lower part of the second central shaft 15 has a spiral groove, the lifting member 17 is fixedly connected to the ring sleeve 16 through another support arm, and the outside of the rod body 1 has a through groove for the two support arms to pass through and slide.

[0112] The inner wall of the ring sleeve 16 is movably fitted with a ball, the ball is engaged with the spiral groove, and the second rotating shaft 15 is connected to the first rotating shaft 13 through the transmission component 14.

[0113] The second intermediate shaft 15 is connected to the first double-ended lead screw 602 through a set of bevel gears, and the second intermediate shaft 15 is connected to the second double-ended lead screw 10 through another set of bevel gears.

[0114] In this embodiment, rotating the adjusting screw 19 can drive the internal threaded sleeve 18 to rise, and then drive the lifting member 17 to move upward with the help of one of the support arms; the upward movement of the lifting member 17 can further compress the third spring 20, and the third spring 20 transmits the elastic force to the nest 22 through the mounting sleeve 21, so that the fourth spring 23 is also further compressed. In this way, since the elastic forces of the third spring 20 and the fourth spring 23 are equal, both are further compressed, and the elastic buffer strength is increased.

[0115] During the upward movement of the lifting component 17, the other arm drives the ring sleeve 16 to rise, and the second central rotating shaft 15 rotates by means of the cooperation of the ball and the spiral groove. The second central rotating shaft 15 drives the first central rotating shaft 13 to rotate synchronously through the transmission component 14.

[0116] The second central rotating shaft 15 also drives the first double-headed lead screw 602 to rotate through a set of bevel gears, causing the two sliders 604 to move closer to each other, which in turn causes the two symmetrically arranged limit rods 605 to move closer to each other, further compressing the first springs 606 on both sides and improving the radial vibration buffer strength of the swing sensor 4.

[0117] The first central shaft 13 drives the second double-ended lead screw 10 to rotate through another set of bevel gears, causing the two stop plates 11 to move closer to each other, further compressing the two sections of the second spring 12, increasing the swing buffer strength of the swing frame 601, that is, increasing the swing buffer strength of the swing sensor 4.

[0118] In addition, the present invention also proposes a method for in-situ multi-module, low-noise sensing of seismic waves using the in-situ sensing system described above, comprising the following steps:

[0119] Step 1: Calibrate the measuring points. Based on the geological characteristics, select multiple calibration points in the monitoring area and assemble the pole and grounding terminal together. Before assembly, connect the grounding terminal to the resistivity sensor with a wire. Then connect the vibration sensor, swing sensor, and resistivity sensor together to the signal host.

[0120] Step two, setup and commissioning: insert the tip of the grounding terminal into the ground at the calibration measuring point, and after reaching the predetermined depth, power on each sensor; it is necessary to record the initial reading of the resistivity sensor separately, and then zero the vibration sensor and the oscillation sensor.

[0121] Step 3: Determine the environmental noise figure and the average value of environmental induced vibration. Based on the average value of induced vibration, adjust the longitudinal vibration buffer strength of the vibration sensor, the horizontal radial vibration buffer strength of the oscillating sensor, and the yaw buffer strength of the oscillating sensor to compensate for the induced vibration error.

[0122] Step 4: Start monitoring the induction and record the signal strength of each frequency band on the signal host at regular intervals, including longitudinal vibration intensity, horizontal vibration intensity, horizontal sway intensity, and the resistivity change trend of the grounding terminal.

[0123] Step 5: Summarize the records, collect the data monitored in Step 4, and perform curve fitting through function equations to obtain the seismic wave (transverse and longitudinal waves) and crustal pressure trend of in-situ geology, and analyze the results to discuss the conclusions.

[0124] The above embodiments are exemplary and not restrictive. Therefore, any technical solutions that can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-module, low-noise in-situ seismic wave sensing system with multi-directional buffering, characterized in that, include: The main rod structure is in contact with and fixed to the ground. Vibration sensor (3), the vibration sensor (3) is elastically and movably installed on the top of the main rod structure along the axial direction of the main rod structure to form a longitudinal wave sensing module; A swing sensor (4) is slidably disposed on the upper part of the main rod structure along the radial direction of the main rod structure, and the swing sensor (4) can rotate around the axis of the main rod structure to form a transverse wave sensing module; A resistivity sensor (5) is detachably mounted on the upper part of the main rod structure, and a first buffer structure is provided between the resistivity sensor (5) and the swing sensor (4). The vibration sensor (3) is elastically and movably mounted on the top of the main rod structure along the axial direction of the main rod structure via the second buffer structure; The swing sensor (4) is arranged radially along the upper part of the main rod structure via a third buffer structure; The first buffer structure, the second buffer structure, and the third buffer structure are connected by a synchronous adjustment mechanism, which is used to adjust the elastic damping of the vibration sensor (3), the rotational damping of the swing sensor (4), and the sliding buffer damping of the swing sensor (4). The main rod structure includes a rod body (1) and a grounding terminal (2) that is detachably installed at the lower end of the rod body (1) by means of threads. The end of the grounding terminal (2) facing away from the rod body (1) has a pointed tip. The tip is a metal conductive part, and the tip is connected to the resistivity sensor (5) through a wire passing through the center of the rod (1). The resistivity sensor (5) is detachably mounted on the upper part of the main rod structure via a flat support mechanism (7), which includes a bracket (701) and a clamp (702). A swing support mechanism (6) is provided on one side of the rod (1) along the radial direction of the rod (1), and the swing sensor (4) is provided on the swing support mechanism (6); The swing support mechanism (6) includes a swing frame (601) with one end rotatably connected to the outer wall of the bracket (701) via a second central pivot (15). The swing frame (601) is provided with symmetrical grooves (603) along its length direction, and a slider (604) is slidably arranged in the grooves (603). Each slider (604) is provided with a limiting rod (605), and the third buffer structure includes a sleeve (607) provided at both ends of the swing sensor (4). The limiting rod (605) and the sleeve (607) are slidably fitted together, and a first spring (606) is also provided between the limiting rod (605) and the sleeve (607). The first buffer structure includes a buffer sleeve (8) with one end rotatably connected to the bracket (701) via a first central pivot (13), a connecting column (9) with one end rotatably connected to the swing frame (601), and a second spring (12) elastically connecting the connecting column (9) and the buffer sleeve (8). The buffer sleeve (8) is slidably fitted with the connecting post (9), and one end of the connecting post (9) extending into the buffer sleeve (8) forms an end cap. The second spring (12) consists of two sections, one of which is fitted on the outer wall of the connecting post (9) extending into the buffer sleeve (8), and the other section is placed inside the buffer sleeve (8). One end of the two sections of the second spring (12) respectively abuts against the two sides of the end cap. The second buffer structure is fixed to the assembly housing (24) at the top of the rod (1) by a threaded connection, an adjustable lifting member (17) disposed in the rod (1), and an installation tube (21) elastically disposed between the assembly housing (24) and the lifting member (17). The inner wall of the assembled housing (24) is provided with a groove (2401), the assembled housing (24) and the nest (22) are slidably engaged, and the outer wall of the nest (22) is formed with an outward protrusion (2201), the outward protrusion (2201) and the groove (2401) are slidably engaged; A fourth spring (23) is provided between the nest (22) and the assembly housing (24), and the upper part of the mounting frame (21) abuts against the nest (22); a third spring (20) is provided between the lower part of the mounting frame (21) and the lifting member (17), and the vibration sensor (3) is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting frame (21).

2. The multi-module, low-noise in-situ seismic wave sensing system with multi-directional buffering as described in claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the bracket (701) is formed with a semi-circular arc shape, and the clamp (702) is also in a semi-circular arc shape; One end of the clamp (702) is rotatably connected to the bracket (701), the resistivity sensor (5) is fixedly installed on the bracket (701), and a threaded sleeve (703) is provided on one side of the bracket (701), and a fastening bolt (704) is threaded on the threaded sleeve (703). One end of the fastening bolt (704) forms a knob, and the other end of the fastening bolt (704) is rotatably provided with a rotating sleeve. The rotating sleeve is hinged to one end of the connecting rod (705), and the other end of the connecting rod (705) is hinged to the clamp (702).

3. The multi-module, low-noise in-situ induction system for seismic waves with multi-directional buffering as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A first double-ended lead screw (602) is rotatably mounted on the swing frame (601), and the slider (604) is threadedly connected to the first double-ended lead screw (602); The buffer sleeve (8) is provided with a straight groove (801), and a second double-headed screw (10) is rotatably arranged above the buffer sleeve (8). Two stop plates (11) are symmetrically slidably arranged in the buffer sleeve (8). One of the stop plates (11) is slidably engaged with the connecting column (9). The upper part of the stop plate (11) is threadedly connected to the second double-ended lead screw (10) and slides through the straight groove (801). One end of one section of the second spring (12) abuts against one of the stop plates (11), and the other end abuts against one side of the top cap; One end of the second spring (12) abuts against another stop (11), and the other end abuts against the other side of the top cap.

4. A multi-module, low-noise in-situ seismic wave induction system with multi-directional buffering as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The synchronous adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment screw (19) rotatably disposed outside the rod body (1), the adjustment screw (19) being threadedly connected to an internal threaded sleeve (18), and the internal threaded sleeve (18) being fixedly connected to the lifting member (17) through one of its support arms. The lower part of the second central shaft (15) has a spiral groove, the lifting member (17) is fixedly connected to the ring sleeve (16) through another support arm, and the outside of the rod (1) has a through groove for the two supports to pass through and slide. The inner wall of the ring sleeve (16) is movably fitted with a ball, the ball is engaged with the spiral groove, and the second central shaft (15) is connected to the first central shaft (13) through a transmission component (14); The second intermediate shaft (15) is connected to the first double-ended lead screw (602) through a set of bevel gears, and the second intermediate shaft (15) is connected to the second double-ended lead screw (10) through another set of bevel gears.

5. A method for in-situ multi-module, low-noise sensing of seismic waves using the in-situ sensing system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Calibrate the measuring points. Based on the geological characteristics, select multiple calibration points in the monitoring area and assemble the pole and grounding terminal together. Before assembly, connect the grounding terminal to the resistivity sensor with a wire. Then connect the vibration sensor, swing sensor, and resistivity sensor together to the signal host. Step two, setup and commissioning: insert the tip of the grounding terminal into the ground at the calibration measuring point, and after reaching the predetermined depth, power on each sensor; it is necessary to record the initial reading of the resistivity sensor separately, and then zero the vibration sensor and the oscillation sensor. Step 3: Determine the environmental noise figure and the average value of environmental induced vibration. Based on the average value of induced vibration, adjust the longitudinal vibration buffer strength of the vibration sensor, the horizontal radial vibration buffer strength of the oscillating sensor, and the yaw buffer strength of the oscillating sensor to compensate for the induced vibration error. Step 4: Start monitoring the induction and record the signal strength of each frequency band on the signal host at regular intervals, including longitudinal vibration intensity, horizontal vibration intensity, horizontal sway intensity, and the resistivity change trend of the grounding terminal. Step 5: Summarize the records, collect the data monitored in Step 4, and perform curve fitting through function equations to obtain the trend of seismic waves and crustal pressure in in-situ geology, and analyze the results to discuss the conclusions.

Images