A power distribution automation terminal wireless communication module management method and system

Abstract

The application provides a power distribution automation terminal wireless communication module management method and system, the method comprises the following steps: modular management and control are realized by adopting a hierarchical architecture, data flow and service flow are designed separately; a standard interface, protocol plug-in, protocol conversion and dynamic scheduling architecture realizes automatic matching and plug-in design through a protocol feature library, is compatible with different manufacturers' equipment, and supports any protocol channel data when data is busy, data is transmitted through protocol conversion and channel replacement; a data center analyzes, processes and stores data reported by a collection layer, and mines potential problems behind the data through data analysis; and an intelligent operation and maintenance support system of the power distribution automation terminal wireless communication module is constructed from six aspects of user management, account management, remote management, data analysis, monitoring and alarming and system security. The application supports concurrent remote management of multiple communication modules, effectively reduces operation and maintenance cost, improves management efficiency, and supports efficient communication through dynamic scheduling.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of automation management, and particularly relates to a power distribution automation terminal wireless communication module management method and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the deepening of smart grid construction and the continuous expansion of distribution network scale, the number of power distribution automation switches has increased rapidly, and power distribution automation terminals (station terminal DTU, feeder terminal FTU, distribution transformer terminal TTU) play a crucial role in grid operation monitoring and control. Compared with optical fiber communication, wireless communication has the advantages of low construction cost, short construction period, strong expansibility, simple and convenient equipment maintenance, etc., and wireless technology is gradually mature, therefore, most power distribution automation terminals adopt wireless communication mode.

[0003] The power distribution automation terminal realizes real-time monitoring and efficient management of the distribution network by interacting with the master station through the wireless communication module. The current status and existing problems of power distribution automation terminals using wireless communication mode mainly include three aspects:

[0004] First, the wireless communication module has a problem of freezing for a long time, which easily causes the terminal to be offline, message packet loss or delay, and the wireless communication module restart, parameter modification, firmware upgrade and other operations need to be operated by the operation and maintenance personnel on site one by one, which is a large workload, and the wireless communication module CPU storage is limited, without message storage function, which cannot be compared and analyzed with the power distribution automation system master station historical message to find the message packet loss, delay and other problems;

[0005] Second, there are many wireless communication module manufacturers, and the communication protocols and interface specifications are different, which brings great challenges to unified management;

[0006] Third, the wireless module management account is not perfect, and it is not associated with real-time operation data, and the account of one-to-one correspondence between wireless communication module IP address and power distribution terminal has not been established, and the records of card opening, card cancellation and activation are not perfect, which causes operation and maintenance difficulties, and needs to be verified on site, which is time-consuming and laborious.

[0007] Therefore, it is urgent to have a power distribution automation terminal wireless communication module management method and system to realize unified and efficient management of wireless communication modules of various manufacturers. SUMMARY

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a power distribution automation terminal wireless communication module management method and system.

[0009] The system aims to uniformly, conveniently, quickly and efficiently manage and monitor various manufacturers' wireless communication modules through network communication, and realizes rapid integration of equipment, one-key management of mass equipment through a visual user interface and simple use process.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0011] A power distribution automation terminal wireless communication module management method, comprising:

[0012] Modular management and control are realized by adopting a layered architecture of collection-processing-application-display, data flow and business flow are designed to be separated, and system scalability is improved through hierarchical decoupling; a "standard interface, protocol plug-in, protocol conversion and dynamic scheduling" architecture is constructed, automatic matching is realized through a protocol feature library, and different manufacturer equipment is compatible through plug-in design; when data of an arbitrary protocol channel is busy, the data is converted through protocol conversion to obtain the format of a relatively idle protocol channel, and the channel is replaced for transmission; a data middle platform is constructed to analyze, process and store the data reported by the collection layer, potential problems behind the data are mined through data analysis, and support is provided for operation and decision-making; a friendly user interface is provided to support graphical display, and an intelligent operation and maintenance support system for power distribution automation terminal wireless communication modules is constructed from six aspects of user management, account management, remote management, data analysis, monitoring and alarm, and system security.

[0013] Preferably, the "standard interface, protocol plug-in" is a communication module developed based on the protocols provided by various manufacturers to realize reliable communication with various modules, and the communication protocol supports various communication protocols including TCP / IP, UDP and MQTT; the interface adaptation with various wireless communication modules of manufacturers is realized through plug-in design.

[0014] Preferably, the protocol conversion defines a general intermediate data format; the source protocol data format is converted into the intermediate data format, and then the intermediate data format is converted into the target protocol data format.

[0015] The dynamic scheduling dynamically selects the optimal communication strategy according to the network status and device characteristics, including: based on the network delay, bandwidth and device load factor of different protocol channels, the data of the protocol channel with a score worse than the worst threshold is selected for scheduling, and the data is scheduled to the protocol channel with the optimal score; and the protocol conversion is performed according to the selected protocol channel for scheduling.

[0016] Preferably, the user management provides query, addition, modification and deletion operations on user and user group information, and performs configuration management on the user and user group information; the user and the user group both contain basic information, access authorization, access restriction, and extension information; a user can belong to only one user group and at most one user group; the user inherits attributes from the user group to which the user belongs, including access authorization setting and access restriction setting; the access authorization settings of the user group and the user are divided into no setting, assigning a static IP address to the user, and assigning an IP address from an IP address pool; the access restriction of the user group and the user supports setting of concurrent restriction, time period restriction, calling number binding, and terminal binding.

[0017] Preferably, the account management is associated with real-time running data, and the account includes a module ID, an IP address, a MAC address, a production date, a network selection mode, a 5G networking mode, a connection mode, a redial interval, and installation location information; the account information of the wireless communication module can be queried according to a manufacturer, a model, an installation location, and an IP address; and wireless card opening, card cancellation, and activation records are established.

[0018] Preferably, the monitoring and alarm are divided into running monitoring, operation instruction monitoring, and alarm monitoring.

[0019] The running monitoring adopts a "flow-packet-state" three-dimensional monitoring model, provides packet tracing capability, and monitors online state, flow usage, packets, real-time positioning, signal strength, network type, uplink and downlink rate key indicators of the wireless communication module in real time.

[0020] The operation instruction monitoring supports viewing of a task issued by the system to the device and a task execution condition, and supports re-executing the task or canceling the task being executed.

[0021] The alarm monitoring is used for pushing of current system alarm information, supports alarm monitoring on a target event, and configures the target event and sets an alarm mode in an alarm rule.

[0022] Preferably, the data analysis supports statistics of online quantity, online rate, network flow, network delay, and offline times of the wireless communication module according to time range, manufacturer, and model dimensions; and provides report export functions in multiple formats including Excel and PDF, to meet data report requirements in different scenarios.

[0023] Preferably, the remote management includes remote web access, remote restart, remote upgrade, and remote parameter modification functions, including:

[0024] The remote web access: after inputting a username and a password, a device web management page is entered, and operation and command control of the device can be remotely realized.

[0025] Remote upgrade: Regularly or manually check the current version of the wireless communication module, compare it with the latest version on the server, download the latest firmware package for the module that needs to be upgraded and perform remote upgrade operation to ensure the stability and security of the module operation;

[0026] Remote parameter modification: The system supports remote batch parameter management function, which can modify the IP address, port number, link address, network selection method, 5G networking mode, connection method, DTU protocol and working mode parameters of the wireless communication module, including parameter configuration, instant effect and history record three parts;

[0027] Remote restart: For the problem of wireless communication module death caused by cache, the system provides remote restart function, which supports single or batch module restart operation; When the configuration and firmware upgrade fail multiple times, the remote restart function can be used to force the device to disconnect from the platform and reconnect to the platform, and then try to issue configuration and firmware upgrade again.

[0028] The preferred system security is divided into network security, data security, user authentication and authorization three parts:

[0029] Network security: By deploying a firewall between the system and the external network, setting strict access control policies, allowing only authorized network traffic to pass, and limiting access to system ports, prevent illegal intrusion and malicious attacks. For users who need to remotely access the system, use VPN technology to establish a secure encrypted channel to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of data during transmission;

[0030] Data security: The sensitive data stored in the database is encrypted, the system database is backed up regularly, the backup data is stored in the off-site disaster recovery center, and the data recovery strategy is formulated. When data loss or damage occurs, data can be quickly recovered to ensure normal operation of the system;

[0031] User authentication and authorization: Adopt username and password combination authentication method, and support digital certificate authentication; Authorization management: According to user roles and responsibilities, set different operation permissions, divide system functions into different permission modules, such as account query, state monitoring, remote control, etc. Each user role corresponds to a specific set of permissions.

[0032] The application further provides a power distribution automation terminal wireless communication module management system, comprising a wireless terminal module, an operator VPN device, a protocol conversion device, an operator route, a wireless security access gateway, a wireless public network switch and a wireless communication module gateway module, the wireless terminal module is connected to the operator route through the operator VPN device and the protocol conversion device, the operator route is connected to the wireless security access gateway, a firewall is configured between the operator route and the wireless security access gateway, a heartbeat line is connected between the wireless security access gateways, the wireless security access gateway is connected to the wireless public network switch, the wireless public network switch is connected to the wireless communication module gateway module, and the wireless terminal module, the operator VPN device, the operator route, the wireless security access gateway, the wireless public network switch and the wireless communication module gateway module cooperate to realize the power distribution automation terminal wireless communication module management method.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] The application provides a power distribution automation terminal wireless communication module management method and system, which comprises the following steps: modular management is realized by adopting a hierarchical architecture (collection-processing-application-display) design, data flow and business flow are separated, 100,000 terminal data are processed per day in the collection layer, and the system expansion is improved by hierarchical decoupling.

[0035] The application adopts a "standard interface, protocol plug-in, protocol conversion and dynamic scheduling" architecture, automatically matches through a protocol feature library, is compatible with different manufacturer devices through plug-in design, supports dynamic scheduling of any protocol channel data, converts data through a protocol when the data are busy, obtains the format of a relatively idle protocol channel, replaces the channel transmission, supports dynamic loading of communication protocols (TCP / IP / UDP / MQTT, etc.) of various manufacturers, automatically matches through a protocol fingerprint feature library (the identification accuracy is greater than 95%), is compatible with different manufacturer devices through plug-in design (the actual compatibility rate is 98%), ensures the scalability and flexibility of the system, avoids the complexity of using different manufacturer operation and maintenance software and plug-in operations, dynamically selects the optimal communication strategy according to the network status and device characteristics, and comprises the following steps: based on the network delay, bandwidth and device load factor of different protocol channels, the data of the protocol channel with a score worse than a threshold value are selected and scheduled to the protocol channel with the optimal score, the protocol conversion is performed according to the selected protocol channel for scheduling, and the communication of the protocol channels is better coordinated.

[0036] The application constructs a data center, analyzes, processes and stores the data reported by the collection layer, mines the potential problems behind the data through data analysis, and provides support for operation and maintenance decision-making; has a friendly user interface, supports graphical display, and constructs an intelligent operation and maintenance support system for the wireless communication module of the power distribution automation terminal from six aspects of user management, account management, remote management, data analysis, monitoring and alarm, and system security. The application solves the fragmentation problem of multi-vendor equipment management (reduces 50% of operation and maintenance cost); supports 500+ concurrent remote management (upgrade / restart / configuration) of communication modules, realizes remote management instead of on-site operation, reduces the time consumption of single maintenance from hours to minutes; establishes a terminal-main station dual-end message mirror library, improves the packet loss positioning efficiency by 70%; constructs a device digital twin, realizes dynamic mapping of account data and real-time state and digital management of equipment account, reduces the information retrieval response time to less than 0.5 seconds, realizes the gradual transition from on-site manual operation and maintenance to system intelligent operation and maintenance, greatly reduces the operation and maintenance workload, effectively reduces the operation and maintenance cost, improves the management efficiency, and meets the development needs of power distribution network intelligentization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 A flow chart of a power distribution automation terminal wireless communication module management method is provided for the application;

[0038] Figure 2 A power distribution automation terminal wireless communication module management method and system function diagram are provided for the application;

[0039] Figure 3 A state machine diagram of dynamic scheduling and protocol conversion is provided for the application;

[0040] Figure 4 A deployment diagram of a power distribution automation terminal wireless communication module management system is provided for the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present application, the following will describe the application in detail through specific embodiments, and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples to implement the different structures of the application. In order to simplify the disclosure of the application, the components and settings of specific examples are described below. In addition, the application can repeatedly refer to numerals and / or letters in different examples. Such repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, and does not indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. It should be noted that the components illustrated in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. The application omits the description of known components and processing techniques and processes to avoid unnecessary limitation of the application.

[0042] Embodiment 1:

[0043] AsFigure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for managing a wireless communication module in a power distribution automation terminal, comprising:

[0044] S1. A layered architecture (collection-processing-application-display) is adopted to achieve modular control. The data flow and business flow are separated, and the system scalability is improved through layer decoupling.

[0045] S2. Construct an architecture of "standard interface, protocol plug-in, protocol conversion and dynamic scheduling". Automatic matching is achieved through the protocol feature library. Through plug-in design, it is compatible with equipment from different manufacturers. Dynamic scheduling supports data conversion of any protocol channel when the data is busy, so that the data is converted to the format of a relatively idle protocol channel and the channel is switched for transmission.

[0046] To achieve unified management of wireless communication modules from various manufacturers, the system develops communication modules based on the protocols provided by each manufacturer, enabling reliable communication with each module. The communication protocols support multiple protocols such as TCP / IP, UDP, and MQTT to meet the communication needs of different manufacturers. Through plug-in design, the system achieves interface adaptation with wireless communication modules from various manufacturers, ensuring the scalability and flexibility of the system.

[0047] Protocol conversion defines a common intermediate data format; it converts the source protocol data format into the intermediate data format, and then converts the intermediate data format into the target protocol data format.

[0048] Dynamic scheduling dynamically selects the optimal communication strategy based on network conditions and device characteristics, including: weighted scoring based on network latency, bandwidth, and device load factors of different protocol channels, selecting data from protocol channels with scores worse than the worst threshold for scheduling, scheduling to the protocol channel with the best score, and performing protocol conversion according to the selected protocol channel for scheduling.

[0049] In the specific implementation process, such as Figure 2 The state machine shown performs dynamic scheduling and protocol conversion control.

[0050] Each protocol channel is scored. If any protocol channel's score falls below the worst threshold, that channel enters a busy state. In this busy state, pseudo-discarding of data is performed to load data into the protocol conversion. Specifically, this application constructs a pseudo-discarding design for the source protocol channel to implement data retrieval. The source protocol channel discards a portion of the data to be processed to the storage location specified by the protocol conversion. The source protocol channel updates the corresponding data status to discarded. After discarding, the source protocol channel status is updated, and scoring is performed again. The source protocol channel also sends the discarded data information to the protocol conversion. The protocol conversion matches the received discarded data and discarded data information from the source protocol channel. If a match is found, the protocol conversion completes the data loading process. If there is mismatched data, the data is discarded. During the busy state, the source protocol channel... The source protocol is provided to the protocol conversion. If any channel has the best score, it enters the channel's relatively idle state. In this state, the target protocol is provided to the protocol conversion. The protocol conversion determines its preparation state based on the source protocol, target protocol, and incoming data. If preparation is complete, the protocol conversion begins. If conversion fails, the corresponding data is discarded, freeing up storage space for the received data. After conversion, the system enters the conversion completion state and initializes the preparation state for the next conversion. The converted data is then sent via the target protocol channel. If conversion fails, the number of retries is counted. If the number is below the retry threshold, the system re-enters the preparation state for another conversion. If the number is above the retry threshold, the data is discarded, freeing up storage space for the received data. This pseudo-discarding design minimizes the impact of the entire scheduling process on the source protocol channel.

[0051] S3. Construct a data platform to parse, process, and store the data reported from the acquisition layer. Through data analysis, uncover potential problems behind the data to support operational decisions; such as... Figure 3 The invention shown features a user-friendly interface and supports graphical display. It constructs an intelligent operation and maintenance support system for power distribution automation terminal wireless communication modules from six aspects: user management, ledger management, remote management, data analysis, monitoring and alarms, and system security, as detailed below:

[0052] In S3, user management provides query, addition, modification, and deletion operations for user and user group information, allowing users to easily configure and manage user and user group information.

[0053] A user can belong to one and at most one user group. If a user does not select a user group, the user cannot be added. When a user belongs to a user group, the user inherits some attributes set by that user group, mainly including access authorization settings and access restriction settings. If these attributes are set for the user simultaneously, the user's configured attributes take precedence.

[0054] The user and the user group both contain basic information, access authorization, access restriction, and extended information.

[0055] The user group basic information page includes the user group name and the description of the user group; the user basic information contains the username, password, mobile phone number, email, contact address, enterprise name (the group where the user is located), and user status (normal, straight-through, blacklist, frozen, and silent) used by the user to access the system.

[0056] The access authorization setting of the user (group) is divided into three types: no setting, assigning a static IP address to the user, and assigning an IP address from the IP address pool. Among them, no setting means not setting an IP address for the user, and in this state, if the user belongs to a user group, the access authorization of the user will use the IP setting of the user group; assigning a static IP means assigning a fixed IP address to the user instead of dynamically assigning from the NAS address pool; the assigned static IP needs to be within the IP address segment owned by the user group to which the user belongs, otherwise the user cannot be created successfully. Assigning an IP address from the IP address pool means that the IP address of the user is dynamically assigned from the address pool specified by the user.

[0057] The access restriction of the user (group) supports concurrent restriction, time period restriction, calling number binding, and terminal binding settings.

[0058] The user (group) extension can perform add attribute and delete attribute operations.

[0059] In the S3, the account management associates the account with real-time running data, and the specific account includes: module ID, IP address, MAC address, production date, network selection method, 5G networking method, connection method, redial interval, installation location information, which facilitates the operation and maintenance personnel to comprehensively understand the basic information of the module, supports querying the account information of the wireless communication module according to the manufacturer, model, installation location, and IP address conditions, and establishes the wireless card opening, card cancellation, and activation records.

[0060] When the system device quantity is large, it supports grouping management of devices according to needs, such as grouping according to the administrative region, grouping according to the manufacturer and model, grouping according to the operation date, and grouping according to the version number; it can also establish a small group for abnormal devices for centralized management, and when the abnormality is resolved, it can be removed from the group; it can also establish multi-level groups according to business needs to realize hierarchical management of devices.

[0061] In the S3, the monitoring and alarm is divided into three parts: running monitoring, operation instruction monitoring, and alarm monitoring, which are as follows:

[0062] 1) Running monitoring adopts a "flow-packet-state" three-dimensional monitoring model, provides 180-day packet tracing capability, and can monitor the online state, flow usage, packet, real-time positioning, signal strength, network type, uplink and downlink rate indicators of the wireless communication module in real time. For protocol conversion and dynamic scheduling in the application, a protocol conversion packet monitoring is constructed to monitor the state of the target protocol data, intermediate data and source protocol data in the real-time protocol conversion process.

[0063] The state of the wireless communication module is divided into online (the wireless communication module is connected to the system), offline (the wireless communication module is disconnected from the system), and abnormal (when the statistical time is less than three days, the state changes more than three times within 2 hours is abnormal; when the statistical time is more than three days, the state changes more than three times within a day is abnormal, and the related parameters can be set).

[0064] The flow usage monitoring and analysis page is used to show the total flow trend, protocol flow trend, device type trend and device flow list details in the system. The flow analysis page supports viewing by today, this week or this month, and the system defaults to show the daily flow analysis situation. The device flow detail list area supports filtering by protocol type and device type, and the device name or IP address can also be input in the search box for searching.

[0065] Packet monitoring refers to the comparative analysis of the gateway entrance and exit packets of the power distribution safety access gateway. The gateway is connected between the acquisition server and the power distribution terminal. The communication packets of the acquisition server and the power distribution terminal should be forwarded frame by frame, and there should be no missing, retransmission and modification. It can be monitored and evaluated from the following dimensions:

[0066] Packet loss: After the network flow enters the gateway, the gateway should forward the packet according to the identity authentication state. For links or terminals with successful identity authentication, full packet forwarding should be performed, and there should be no packet loss, otherwise it will cause business failure, link restart and other problems;

[0067] Packet retransmission: After the network flow enters the gateway, the gateway should forward the packet according to the identity authentication state. For links or terminals with successful identity authentication, full packet forwarding should be performed, and there should be no storage retransmission, multiple transmission and other situations, otherwise it will cause business first launch sequence disorder leading to business failure or link restart and other problems;

[0068] Packet structure: After the network flow enters the gateway, the gateway should forward the packet according to the identity authentication state. For links or terminals with successful identity authentication, full packet forwarding should be performed, and no modification should be made to the structure of the packet such as source MAC, source IP, destination MAC, destination IP, port number and checksum, and the packet should be forwarded as it is;

[0069] Illegal packets: gateway network traffic contains business data between the host and the terminal, identity authentication packets between the gateway and the terminal, and necessary ARP and ICMP packets. No other packet data should exist. If other packets appear, they should be analyzed and stored separately to facilitate analysis of the gateway's behavior.

[0070] Packet storage: due to the limited storage capacity of the wireless communication module, the terminal side cannot see historical packets. The system provides terminal-side historical packet storage to facilitate comparison and analysis of packets between the host side and the terminal side to locate defect positions.

[0071] 2) Operation instruction monitoring can view the execution of tasks (remote restart, firmware upgrade, parameter modification, etc.) issued by the system to the device. In the operation bar, you can re-execute the task or cancel the task being executed.

[0072] 3) Alarm monitoring is used for the push of current system alarm information. It supports alarm monitoring of target events. Configure target events and set alarm methods in the alarm rule. In the alarm method setting window, you can check whether to push the alarm of this level, the alarm of the next level, whether to broadcast the alarm, the alarm level to be pushed, the confirmation state, and the size of the pop-up box. After setting, click "OK". When the target event occurs, an alarm pop-up window will appear, and a voice broadcast will also be made. You can also push SMS or email messages to specified users. For example, if the number of terminal disconnections exceeds 50 within 30 minutes, you can pop up the terminal offline details according to the responsibility area.

[0073] In the S3 data analysis, the online number, online rate, network traffic, network delay, and offline times of the wireless communication module can be counted according to the time range, manufacturer, and model dimensions. The system provides report export functions in multiple formats including Excel and PDF to meet the data reporting needs in different scenarios. The details are as follows:

[0074] 1) Online status statistics: The current online number, offline number, and real-time online rate of the wireless communication module can be counted. Clicking on online (offline) can pop up a device list that details the partition, IP address, device name, business system, device type, region, manufacturer name, and security monitoring status of the online (offline) device. Clicking on the details can open the detailed information and alarm amount of the device, and the device can also be placed in maintenance mode. The real-time online rate is the ratio of the current online device number to the total device number. Clicking on the online rate opens a details page that includes the online rate, total online duration, and total offline duration of the device.

[0075] 2) Network traffic statistics: For network traffic, statistics are performed on each terminal and then aggregated. Based on the terminal traffic behavior, the current system load can be accurately evaluated, providing data reference for future system expansion.

[0076] 3) Network latency statistics: For all network traffic, statistics are performed according to the timestamp of the packets. The response time of each packet is analyzed, which can provide a more accurate description of terminal behavior. This can provide data basis for business optimization, such as the general call interval and parameter setting timeout time.

[0077] The remote management in S3 includes functions such as remote web access, remote restart, remote upgrade, and remote parameter modification, as detailed below:

[0078] 1) Remote web access: After entering the username and password, you can enter the device's web management page and remotely operate and control the device.

[0079] 2) Remote upgrade: Regularly or manually check the current version of the wireless communication module, compare it with the latest version on the server, and for modules that need to be upgraded, download the latest firmware package and perform remote upgrade operations to ensure the stability and security of module operation.

[0080] 3) Remote parameter modification: The system supports remote batch parameter management, which can modify parameters such as IP address, port number, link address, network selection mode, 5G networking mode, connection mode, DTU protocol, and working mode of the wireless communication module, including parameter configuration, immediate effect, and history.

[0081] 4) Remote restart: To address the issue of wireless communication modules crashing due to excessive caching, the system provides a remote restart function, supporting restart operations for single or batch modules. When multiple configuration and firmware upgrades fail, the remote restart function can be used to force the device offline and then reconnect it to the platform, and then retry the configuration and firmware upgrade.

[0082] In the S3 system, security is divided into three parts: network security, data security, and user authentication and authorization.

[0083] 1) Network security: By deploying firewalls between the system and external networks and setting strict access control policies, only authorized network traffic is allowed to pass through, and access to system ports is restricted to prevent illegal intrusion and malicious attacks. For users who need to remotely access the system, VPN technology is used to establish a secure encrypted channel to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of data during transmission.

[0084] 2) Data security: Sensitive data stored in the database is encrypted, the system database is backed up regularly, backup data is stored in an off-site disaster recovery center, and a data recovery strategy is developed to quickly recover data in the event of data loss or damage, ensuring the normal operation of the system;

[0085] 3) User authentication and authorization: The system adopts a combination of username and password authentication, and also supports digital certificate authentication. Different operation permissions are set according to user roles and responsibilities, and the system functions are divided into different permission modules, such as ledger query, status monitoring, remote control, etc. Each user role corresponds to a specific set of permissions.

[0086] Example 2:

[0087] Based on the power distribution automation terminal wireless communication module management method proposed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, Embodiment 2 of the present invention further proposes a power distribution automation terminal wireless communication module management system, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the system includes: a wireless terminal module, a carrier VPN device, a protocol conversion device, a carrier router, a wireless security access gateway, a wireless public network switch, and a wireless communication module gateway module. The wireless terminal module is connected to the carrier router via two paths: one through the carrier VPN device and the other through the carrier VPN device and the protocol conversion device. The carrier router is connected to the wireless security access gateway. A firewall is configured between the carrier router and the wireless security access gateway. A heartbeat line is connected between the wireless security access gateways. The wireless security access gateway is connected to the wireless public network switch. The wireless public network switch is connected to the wireless communication module gateway module. The wireless terminal module, carrier VPN device, carrier router, wireless security access gateway, wireless public network switch, and wireless communication module gateway module work together to implement the aforementioned power distribution automation terminal wireless communication module management method. The power distribution automation terminal wireless communication module management system is deployed in the secure access area of ​​the power monitoring system, which is both safe and efficient, meeting the requirements of power system network security protection, and convenient for on-site power distribution automation operation and maintenance personnel to use. To improve the system's reliability, security, data processing capabilities, and operating speed, a dual-engine optimization design is adopted. The hardware layer uses a distributed computing architecture that supports elastic scaling, while the software layer applies caching technology (Redis), asynchronous processing mechanisms, and database optimization strategies (creating appropriate indexes, optimizing SQL query statements, adjusting database parameters, and database performance monitoring tools).

[0088] When installing this system, switch the directory to the system / home directory and copy the installation files to this directory and extract them. If there are no errors during the installation process, the installation process will end correctly. Then proceed with the license installation and application. When the distribution automation terminal wireless communication module management system starts, it first enters the login interface, which is the entry point for the entire platform and supports username, password, and verification code verification. An error message will be displayed if the entered username or password is incorrect. After successful login, you will enter the homepage of the distribution automation terminal wireless communication module network management system, where you can view the six major functional modules of the system: user management, ledger management, remote management, data analysis, monitoring and alarm, and system security. The specific content is the same as in Example 1.

[0089] It is to be noted that the relational terms herein, such as first and second, and the like, are used solely to distinguish one from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Furthermore, the article "a" or "an" is intended to include one or more items, and any combinations thereof. Additionally, the term "coupled" is intended to be used in its broadest sense to include any connection, whether direct or indirect, between two or more entities or actions.

[0090] The above description is only the specific implementation of the present application, and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Based on the above description, other different forms of modifications or changes can be made by those skilled in the art. Here, it is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the embodiments. Various modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solutions of the present application do not require creative labor and are still within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for managing wireless communication modules in power distribution automation terminals, characterized in that, Including the following: A layered architecture of acquisition-processing-application-display is adopted to achieve modular management and control. Data flow and business flow are separated, and system scalability is improved through layer decoupling. An architecture of "standard interface, protocol plug-in, protocol conversion, and dynamic scheduling" is constructed. Automatic matching is achieved through a protocol feature library, and the plug-in design ensures compatibility with devices from different manufacturers. Dynamic scheduling supports switching channels when any protocol channel is busy, converting data to the format of a relatively idle protocol channel. Dynamic scheduling dynamically selects the optimal communication strategy based on network conditions and device characteristics, including: weighted scoring based on network latency, bandwidth, and device load factors for different protocol channels; selecting protocol channels with scores below the worst threshold for scheduling; and performing protocol conversion according to the selected protocol channel. A state machine is used for dynamic scheduling and protocol conversion control, including: Each protocol channel is scored. If any protocol channel's score falls below the worst threshold, that channel enters a busy state. In this busy state, pseudo-discarding of data is performed to load data into the protocol conversion. A pseudo-discarding design is implemented for the source protocol channel to retrieve data. The source protocol channel discards a portion of the data to be processed to the storage location specified by the protocol conversion, updates the corresponding data status to discarded, updates the source protocol channel status, re-scores, and sends the discarded data information to the protocol conversion. The protocol conversion matches the received discarded data and discarded data information from the source protocol channel. If a match is found, the protocol conversion completes the data loading process; otherwise, the data is discarded. During the busy state, the source protocol channel provides the source protocol to the protocol conversion. If any channel... If the score is optimal, the channel enters its most relatively idle state. In this state, the target protocol is provided to the protocol conversion. The protocol conversion determines its preparation state based on the source protocol, target protocol, and incoming data. If the preparation is complete, the protocol conversion begins. If the conversion fails, the corresponding data is discarded, freeing up storage space for the received data. After the conversion is complete, the channel enters the conversion completion state and initializes the preparation state for the next conversion. The converted data is then sent via the target protocol channel. If the conversion fails, the number of retries is counted. If the number is below the retry threshold, the channel re-enters the preparation state for another conversion. If the number is above the retry threshold, the data is discarded, freeing up storage space for the received data. This pseudo-discarding design minimizes the impact of the entire scheduling process on the source protocol channel. A data platform is built to parse, process, and store the data reported from the acquisition layer. Data analysis is used to uncover potential problems behind the data and provide support for operation and maintenance decisions. It has a user-friendly interface and supports graphical display. It builds an intelligent operation and maintenance support system for power distribution automation terminal wireless communication modules from six aspects: user management, ledger management, remote management, data analysis, monitoring and alarm, and system security.

2. The method for managing the wireless communication module of a power distribution automation terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, "Standard interfaces and protocol plug-ins" are communication modules developed based on protocols provided by various manufacturers, enabling reliable communication with each module. The communication protocols support multiple communication protocols including TCP / IP, UDP, and MQTT. Through plug-in design, interface adaptation with wireless communication modules from various manufacturers is achieved.

3. The power distribution automation terminal wireless communication module management method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The user management system provides query, addition, modification, and deletion operations for user and user group information, and performs configuration management for user and user group information. Both users and user groups include four aspects of information: basic information, access authorization, access restrictions, and extended information. A user can only belong to one and at most one user group. Users inherit attributes from their user group, including access authorization settings and access restriction settings. The access authorization settings for user groups and users can be set as follows: no setting, assigning a static IP address to the user, or assigning an IP address from the IP address pool. The access restrictions for user groups and users support settings for concurrency restrictions, time-based restrictions, caller ID binding, and terminal binding.

4. The method for managing the wireless communication module of a power distribution automation terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ledger management is linked to real-time operation data. The ledger includes module ID, IP address, MAC address, production date, network selection method, 5G networking method, connection method, redial interval, and installation location information. It supports querying the ledger information of wireless communication modules by manufacturer, model, installation location, and IP address, and establishes wireless card activation, deactivation, and activation records.

5. The method for managing the wireless communication module of a power distribution automation terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring and alarm systems are divided into operation monitoring, operation command monitoring, and alarm monitoring: The operation monitoring adopts a three-dimensional monitoring model of "traffic-message-status", providing message traceability capabilities and real-time monitoring of key indicators such as the online status of the wireless communication module, traffic usage, messages, real-time location, signal strength, network type, and uplink and downlink rates; The operation command monitoring supports viewing the tasks issued by the system to the device, as well as the task execution status, and supports re-executing or canceling the currently executing task; Alarm monitoring is used to push alarm information of the current system. It supports alarm monitoring of target events, and the target events and alarm methods are configured in the alarm rules.

6. The method for managing the wireless communication module of a power distribution automation terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data analysis supports statistical analysis of online quantity, online rate, network traffic, network latency, and number of disconnections of wireless communication modules by time range, manufacturer, and model. It also provides report export functions in multiple formats, including Excel and PDF, to meet the data reporting needs of different scenarios.

7. The method for managing the wireless communication module of a power distribution automation terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The remote management includes functions such as remote web access, remote restart, remote upgrade, and remote parameter modification.

8. The method for managing the wireless communication module of a power distribution automation terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system security is divided into three parts: network security, data security, and user authentication and authorization.

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