A time delay compensation device, a time delay compensation method and a phased array laser terminal
By using delay compensation equipment and methods, optical path difference and phase difference delay compensation is performed on the laser beams emitted and received by the optical module, which solves the problem of reduced communication capacity and optical phase jump caused by optical path difference, and realizes efficient compensation for laser communication.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANGHAI SATELLITE NETWORK RESEARCH INSTITUTE CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-19
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, fixed optical path differences and large-scale varying optical path differences caused by optical path differences lead to reduced communication capacity as well as optical phase jumps and wavelength dispersion problems.
A delay compensation device is adopted, including multiple transmitting optical paths, a sampling and monitoring module, and a phased array antenna. The laser beam emitted by the optical module is compensated for optical path difference and phase difference delay through the first optical delay line and the first high-speed phase shifter. The phased array antenna further compensates the received laser beam. The delay control parameters are optimized using a stochastic gradient descent algorithm.
It achieves complete compensation for the laser beam, solves the problems of phase jump and wavelength dispersion, and improves communication capacity.
Smart Images
Figure CN120342448B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of satellite communication technology, and in particular to a delay compensation device, a delay compensation method, and a phased array laser terminal. Background Technology
[0002] Beamforming methods mainly include switched array antenna beamforming, digital signal phase processing-based beamforming, and precoded beamforming. In traditional analog control beamforming, digital signal processing-based beamforming changes the beam direction by altering the phase of each antenna. Each antenna element has an optical phase shifter for beamforming direction.
[0003] In existing technologies, the beam pointing of a phased array is mainly achieved by using an optical phase shifter to compensate for the periodicity of the optical phase. However, since the optical path difference is a fixed optical path difference that is an integer multiple of the wavelength, and the optical path difference changes over a wide range due to the movement of the two terminals, it can lead to a reduction in communication capacity and cause problems such as optical phase jumps and wavelength dispersion. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention provides a delay compensation device, a delay compensation method, and a phased array laser terminal to solve the problems in the prior art where a fixed optical path difference leads to reduced communication capacity, as well as optical phase jumps and wavelength dispersion.
[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a delay compensation device, comprising: multiple transmitting optical paths, a sampling and monitoring module, and a phased array antenna, wherein, for each transmitting optical path, the transmitting optical path includes a first optical delay line and a first high-speed phase shifter;
[0006] The multiple transmitting optical paths, the sampling and monitoring module, and the phased array antenna are sequentially and communicatively connected.
[0007] The sampling and monitoring module is used to sample the laser beam and determine the optical path difference. If the laser beam is emitted by the optical module, the first delay control parameter and the first phase control parameter are determined according to the optical path difference. If the laser beam is received by the phased array antenna, the second delay control parameter and the second phase control parameter are determined according to the optical path difference.
[0008] The first optical delay line is used to perform first optical path difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the first delay control parameter.
[0009] The first high-speed phase shifter is used to perform first phase difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the first phase control parameters;
[0010] The phased array antenna is used to perform second optical path difference delay compensation and second phase difference compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the second delay control parameter and the second phase control parameter.
[0011] In one possible implementation, if the laser beam is emitted by the optical module, then the sampling and monitoring module is specifically used for:
[0012] According to the first preset relationship, the delay control parameter corresponding to the integer value of the optical path difference is used as the first delay control parameter, and according to the second preset relationship, the phase control parameter corresponding to the decimal value of the optical path difference is used as the first phase control parameter.
[0013] If the laser beam is received by the phased array antenna, then the sampling and monitoring module is specifically used for:
[0014] According to the third preset relationship, the delay control parameter corresponding to the integer value of the optical path difference is used as the second delay control parameter, and according to the fourth preset relationship, the phase control parameter corresponding to the decimal value of the optical path difference is used as the second phase control parameter.
[0015] In one possible implementation, the phased array antenna includes a second high-speed phase shifter corresponding to each transmitted optical path, a second optical delay line connected to the second high-speed phase shifter, and a TR component;
[0016] The second high-speed phase shifter is used to perform second phase difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the second phase control parameters;
[0017] The second optical delay line is used to perform second optical path difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the second delay control parameters.
[0018] In one possible implementation, the second optical delay line is specifically used for:
[0019] The stochastic gradient descent algorithm is used to perform second optical path difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the second delay control parameter.
[0020] In one possible implementation, the first optical delay line is specifically used for:
[0021] The stochastic gradient descent algorithm is used to perform first optical path difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the first delay control parameter.
[0022] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a phased array laser terminal, including an optical module and a delay compensation device as described in any of the first aspects;
[0023] Optical module, used to emit lasers;
[0024] The fiber optic beam splitter is used to split the laser into multiple laser beams.
[0025] Thirdly, this application provides a delay compensation method, applied to any of the delay compensation devices described in the first aspect, or the phased array laser terminal described in the second aspect, the method comprising:
[0026] The laser beam is sampled by the sampling monitoring module to determine the optical path difference. If the laser beam is emitted by the optical module, the first delay control parameter and the first phase control parameter are determined according to the optical path difference. If the laser beam is received by the phased array antenna, the second delay control parameter and the second phase control parameter are determined according to the optical path difference.
[0027] The laser beam emitted by the optical module is compensated for the first optical path difference delay by using the first optical delay line and according to the first delay control parameters.
[0028] The laser beam emitted by the optical module is subjected to first phase difference delay compensation by the first high-speed phase shifter according to the first phase control parameters.
[0029] The phased array antenna performs second optical path difference delay compensation and second phase difference compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the second delay control parameter and the second phase control parameter.
[0030] In one possible implementation, if the laser beam is emitted by the optical module, the method includes:
[0031] According to the sampling monitoring module, based on the first preset relationship, the delay control parameter corresponding to the integer value of the optical path difference is used as the first delay control parameter, and according to the second preset relationship, the phase control parameter corresponding to the decimal value of the optical path difference is used as the first phase control parameter.
[0032] If the laser beam is received by the phased array antenna, the method includes:
[0033] According to the sampling monitoring module, based on the third preset relationship, the delay control parameter corresponding to the integer value of the optical path difference is used as the second delay control parameter, and according to the fourth preset relationship, the phase control parameter corresponding to the decimal value of the optical path difference is used as the second phase control parameter.
[0034] In one possible implementation, the phased array antenna includes a second high-speed phase shifter corresponding to each transmitted optical path, a second optical delay line connected to the second high-speed phase shifter, and a TR component;
[0035] The laser beam emitted by the optical module is subjected to a second phase difference delay compensation according to the second phase control parameters via the second high-speed phase shifter.
[0036] The laser beam emitted by the optical module is compensated for a second optical path difference delay by means of the second optical delay line and according to the second delay control parameters.
[0037] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:
[0038] Using the second optical delay line and employing a stochastic gradient descent algorithm, the laser beam emitted by the optical module is compensated for a second optical path difference delay based on the second delay control parameters.
[0039] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:
[0040] Using the first optical delay line and employing a stochastic gradient descent algorithm, the laser beam emitted by the optical module is compensated for the first optical path difference delay based on the first delay control parameters.
[0041] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:
[0042] This application provides a delay compensation device, a delay compensation method, and a phased array laser terminal. The delay compensation device includes: multiple transmitting optical paths, a sampling and monitoring module, and a phased array antenna. Each transmitting optical path includes a first optical delay line and a first high-speed phase shifter. The multiple transmitting optical paths, the sampling and monitoring module, and the phased array antenna are sequentially and communicatively connected. The sampling and monitoring module is used to sample the laser beam and determine the optical path difference. If the laser beam is emitted by the optical module, it determines a first delay control parameter and a first phase control parameter based on the optical path difference. If the laser beam is received by the phased array antenna, it determines a second delay control parameter and a second phase control parameter based on the optical path difference. The first optical delay line is used to perform first optical path difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the first delay control parameter. The first high-speed phase shifter is used to perform first phase difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the first phase control parameter. The phased array antenna is used to perform second optical path difference delay compensation and second phase difference compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the second delay control parameter and the second phase control parameter. In this embodiment, the laser beam emitted by the optical module is delayed by a first optical delay line, a first high-speed phase shifter, and a phased array antenna, thereby achieving complete compensation of the laser beam, solving the phase jump and wavelength dispersion problems in phased array communication, and improving communication capacity. Attached Figure Description
[0043] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0044] Figure 1 A structural diagram of a delay compensation device provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0045] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of optical path difference acquisition via a sensor, provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0046] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of performing equal-length testing on the launch front-end and launch back-end, provided for embodiments of this application;
[0047] Figure 4 A structural diagram of another delay compensation device provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling control optical path provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0049] Figure 6 A flowchart of a delay compensation method provided in this application;
[0050] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of a phased array laser terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0051] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.
[0052] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or". For example, A / B can mean A or B. The "and / or" in the text is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more.
[0053] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature, and in the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.
[0054] Beamforming methods mainly include switched-array antenna beamforming, digital signal phase processing-based beamforming, and precoded beamforming. Switched-array antenna beamforming refers to selectively turning antennas on or off from the antenna system array to change the beam direction. Precoded beamforming refers to changing the beam direction by applying a specific precoded matrix. Traditional analog-controlled beamforming refers to digital signal processing-based beamforming, which changes the beam direction by changing the phase of each antenna. In traditional analog-controlled beamforming, radio frequency signals are applied to multiple antenna elements that make up the phased array antenna array, and each antenna element has an optical phase shifter for beamforming pointing.
[0055] In existing technologies, the beam pointing of a phased array is mainly achieved by using an optical phase shifter to compensate for the periodicity of the optical phase. However, since the optical path difference is a fixed optical path difference that is an integer multiple of the wavelength, and the optical path difference changes over a wide range due to the movement of the two terminals, it can lead to a reduction in communication capacity and cause problems such as optical phase jumps and wavelength dispersion.
[0056] Based on the above problems, embodiments of this application provide a delay compensation device, such as... Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural diagram of a delay compensation device provided in an embodiment of this application. The delay compensation device includes multiple optical transmission paths (…). Figure 1 (not shown in the image) sampling and monitoring module 102 and phased array antenna 103, wherein, for each transmitting optical path, the transmitting optical path includes a first optical delay line 104 and a first high-speed phase shifter 105;
[0057] Multiple optical transmission paths, sampling and monitoring module 102, and phased array antenna 103 are sequentially connected in communication.
[0058] The sampling and monitoring module 102 is used to sample the laser beam and determine the optical path difference. If the laser beam is emitted by the optical module, the first delay control parameter and the first phase control parameter are determined according to the optical path difference. If the laser beam is received by the phased array antenna, the second delay control parameter and the second phase control parameter are determined according to the optical path difference.
[0059] The first optical delay line 104 is used to perform first optical path difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the first delay control parameters.
[0060] The first high-speed phase shifter 105 is used to perform first phase difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the first phase control parameters.
[0061] The phased array antenna 103 is used to perform second optical path difference delay compensation and second phase difference compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the second delay control parameters and the second phase control parameters.
[0062] This application provides a laser communication terminal, in which an optical module, multiple transmitting optical paths, a sampling and monitoring module, and a phased array antenna are sequentially and communicatively connected. Each transmitting optical path includes a first optical delay line and a first high-speed phase shifter. The sampling and monitoring module is used to sample the laser beam and determine the optical path difference. If the laser beam is emitted by the optical module, it determines a first delay control parameter and a first phase control parameter based on the optical path difference. If the laser beam is received by the phased array antenna, it determines a second delay control parameter and a second phase control parameter based on the optical path difference. The first optical delay line is used to perform first optical path difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the first delay control parameter. The first high-speed phase shifter is used to perform first phase difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the first phase control parameter. The phased array antenna is used to perform second optical path difference delay compensation and second phase difference compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the second delay control parameter and the second phase control parameter. In this embodiment, the laser beam emitted by the optical module is delayed by a first optical delay line, a first high-speed phase shifter, and a phased array antenna, thereby achieving complete compensation of the laser beam, solving the phase jump and wavelength dispersion problems in phased array communication, and improving communication capacity.
[0063] It should be noted that the array elements form a matrix to form a phased array. In the phased array, when the array elements perform angular scanning, an optical path difference is introduced between the laser beams reflected by the array elements. This optical path difference is the sum of a fixed optical path difference and the scanning delay. Since the delay of each array element is different, the maximum optical path difference can reach 50mm. Therefore, this optical path difference can be compensated, and the compensation accuracy can meet the accuracy requirements of optical phase shifters (20nm). Only then can complete compensation of the optical phase of the laser phased array be achieved, solving the problems of wavelength dispersion, limited communication capacity, and optical phase jump.
[0064] In addition, such as Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic of the principle of acquiring optical path difference by a sensor according to an embodiment of this application. The continuous optical path difference generated during the scanning process is acquired by a sensor, which is either a position sensor or an angle sensor. The position sensor acquires the change in optical path ΔL of each path in real time, and the angle sensor calculates the change in optical path ΔL based on the position of the array elements.
[0065] ΔLm,n =(xx) m sinθ x (t)+(yy m sinθ y (t)
[0066] Where, x m and y m Let x and y be the coordinates of the m-th array element, and θ be the coordinates of the center position. x and θ y The rotation angle ΔL of the m-th array element at time t. m Let n be the change in optical path of the m-th element, and n be the nth time.
[0067] ΔL is fed back to either the first or second high-speed phase shifter, depending on its relationship with voltage:
[0068]
[0069]
[0070] in, Let ΔL be the phase change of the phase shifter, π be the phase, λ be the wavelength, ΔV be the change in the phase shifter driving voltage, and k be the conversion coefficient between the first or second high-speed phase shifter and the phase shifter driving voltage. The change in optical path is converted into a voltage value and assigned to each phase shifter to compensate for the phase difference caused by the change in optical path.
[0071] In one embodiment, if the laser beam is emitted by the optical module, the sampling and monitoring module 102 is specifically used for:
[0072] According to the first preset relationship, the delay control parameter corresponding to the integer value of the optical path difference is used as the first delay control parameter, and according to the second preset relationship, the phase control parameter corresponding to the decimal value of the optical path difference is used as the first phase control parameter.
[0073] If the laser beam is received by the phased array antenna 103, then the sampling and monitoring module 102 is specifically used for:
[0074] According to the third preset relationship, the delay control parameter corresponding to the integer value of the optical path difference is used as the second delay control parameter, and according to the fourth preset relationship, the phase control parameter corresponding to the decimal value of the optical path difference is used as the second phase control parameter.
[0075] For example, in a specific embodiment, taking an optical path difference of 3.4mm as an example, if the laser beam is emitted by the optical module, the sampling and monitoring module is specifically used to: take the delay control parameter corresponding to the integer value 3 of the optical path difference as the first delay control parameter according to the first preset relationship, and take the phase control parameter corresponding to the small value 4 of the optical path difference as the first phase control parameter according to the second preset relationship.
[0076] If the laser beam is received by the phased array antenna, the sampling and monitoring module is specifically used to: take the delay control parameter corresponding to the integer value 3 of the optical path difference as the second delay control parameter according to the third preset relationship, and take the phase control parameter corresponding to the small value 4 of the optical path difference as the second phase control parameter according to the fourth preset relationship.
[0077] It should be noted that fixed compensation is achieved through equal-length testing, with equal-length tests performed separately on both the launch front and launch back ends. Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of a test to perform equal length testing on the front-end and back-end of the transmitter according to an embodiment of this application. The equipment used for testing includes: a signal generator 301, an oscilloscope 302, a seed source 303, an amplifier 304, a modulator 305, a polarization controller 306, a phase shifter 307, and a photodetector 308.
[0078] The fixed compensation in this application embodiment refers to the fixed length difference between the fiber length and the spatial optical path during the laser terminal integration process, which does not change with scanning.
[0079] Signal generator 301 outputs two electrical signals. One signal is directly input to channel 1 of oscilloscope 302 as a reference signal. The other signal is modulated by modulator 305 to modulate the laser beam emitted by the 1*1 channel of the multi-laser. The output optical signal is converted into a photoelectric signal by photodetector 308, and the electrical signal output from photodetector 308 is input to channel 2 of oscilloscope 302. At this time, offline cross-correlation data processing is performed on the electrical signals of channels 1 and 2 of oscilloscope 302, and the relative time delay Δt1 is measured. Using the same method, the time delay of channel 1*2 is measured as Δt2. Therefore, the time delay difference between channels 1*1 and 1*2 is Δt = Δt1 - Δt2. Since the propagation speed of laser in optical fiber is 2 × 10⁸ m / s, the difference in relative fiber length between the two channels is 2 × 10⁸ m / s × Δt.
[0080] Based on the measured optical path difference of each beam, the initial voltage value of each large-range delay line is set to ensure that the fixed delay of each beam is equal.
[0081] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4The diagram shown is a structural diagram of another laser communication terminal provided in this application embodiment. The phased array antenna 103 includes a second high-speed phase shifter 401 corresponding to each transmitting optical path, a second optical delay line 402 communicatively connected to the second high-speed phase shifter 401, and a TR component 403.
[0082] The second high-speed phase shifter 401 is used to perform second phase difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the second phase control parameters.
[0083] The second optical delay line 402 is used to perform second optical path difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the second delay control parameters.
[0084] In a specific embodiment, the delay compensation consists of two parts: an optical path difference delay compensation part, in which a first optical delay line and / or a second optical delay line compensate for a fixed optical path difference and a large optical path difference generated by scanning; and a phase difference delay compensation part, in which a first high-speed phase shifter and / or a second high-speed phase shifter compensate for small phase shifts. This application employs a high-precision feedback closed-loop control scheme to control the phase of the locally transmitted beam and the phase of the received beam respectively, thereby achieving far-field phase consistency of the transmitted beam.
[0085] It should be noted that, as Figure 5 The diagram shows a sampling control optical path provided in an embodiment of this application, using a 4×4 pixel optical phased array with each element having an 8mm aperture, a 10mm spacing, and a 30° scanning angle as an example. The seed source 303 outputs a laser beam to the modulator 305. After being driven by radio frequency, the communication data is modulated by the modulator 305, and the modulated laser beam signal is output as the communication transmission signal. This signal then passes through a 4×16 optical switch matrix, with each branch including a phase shifter 307 and a polarization controller 306. Sixteen fiber collimators 501 collimate the communication transmission signal into 16 spatial beams. To ensure equal optical path lengths for the 16 spatial beams, the sampling monitoring module 102 samples the light. After passing through a Fourier transform lens 502, the light is detected and received by a camera 503 at the back focal plane to monitor the coherence of the 16 spatial beams and ensure phase synchronization at the transmission front end.
[0086] After synchronization, the 16 spatial beams are coupled back into the optical fiber via the fiber collimator 504. After passing through the 16 fiber phase shifters 504, they are collimated again into spatial beams for output. The sampling and monitoring module 102 performs optical sampling. The spatial beams with consistent polarization phases are coupled back into the optical fiber via the fiber collimator 504. Each fiber phase shifter performs independent phase control for each channel to ensure phase synchronization between pixels. Then, the beams are connected to the receiving and demodulation module to obtain communication data.
[0087] For example, in one embodiment, the scanning angle is calculated as 30 degrees, the maximum spacing between the center elements of the matrix side length direction is 30mm, and the maximum time delay is:
[0088] ΔL=(xx m sinθ x (t)+(yy m sinθ y (t)
[0089] =30sin30+30cos30=40.98mm;
[0090] Optical delay lines are used to compensate for optical path difference delay, with a delay accuracy of up to 20nm. The compensation range is the maximum delay amount that is compensated within an integer multiple of the phase within the effective length of the large-range delay line.
[0091] In another embodiment, the second optical delay line is specifically used to: use a stochastic gradient descent algorithm to perform second optical path difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the second delay control parameters;
[0092] The first optical delay line is specifically used to: use a stochastic gradient descent algorithm to perform first optical path difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the first delay control parameters.
[0093] In this embodiment, the specific steps of the stochastic gradient descent algorithm are as follows:
[0094] Step 1: ADC1 (Analog-to-Digital Converter 1) collects data, sampling N times (N can be set externally), and obtains an average value Xp.
[0095] Step 2: The initial output voltage of each DAC (digital-to-analog converter) begins_DV0 i (n). Delay T0. (n is the current loop count) (i = 1, 2, 3, 4... represents each path, for a total of 16 paths);
[0096] It should be noted that the initial voltage begin_DV0 i The initial value of (n) is set to the midpoint of the voltage range, which can be set externally; the delay T0 ranges from 1ns to 1s, including control signal transmission, DAC assignment, and hardware output; the phase shifter voltage needs to be set to two boundaries. If the next output voltage exceeds the preset voltage range or is less than 0V during the loop, the voltage will be set to the center position directly.
[0097] Step 3: Generate 16 random numbers as the perturbation voltage dv for the 16-channel DAC. i (n);
[0098] Among them, the perturbation voltage dv i(n) Two parameter generation methods need to be set on the host computer: First, the magnitude is fixed and configurable, while the sign is random and the probability is equal; Second, both the magnitude and sign are random, conforming to a Gaussian distribution, and the mean and variance can be set on the interface. Furthermore, the delay T range can be set from 1ns to 1s. In practical implementation, if the DAC output exceeds the range set by the host computer (i.e., less than 0 or greater than the maximum voltage range), it is directly set to the midpoint of the range (i.e., reset). If multiple DACs trigger the boundary conditions, they are sorted. First, the DAC with the largest value is reset, while the remaining DACs retain their original voltages. After time Tw, the second largest DAC is reset, and so on, until all DACs that have reached the boundary are reset.
[0099] Step 4: Invert the above-mentioned perturbation voltages, i.e., begin_DV0 i (n)-dv i (n)-dw i (n), output by DAC, delayed by T;
[0100] The delay T can be set on the host computer, ranging from 1ns to 1s. The negative disturbances of each channel must be strictly consistent with the magnitude of step 2, with opposite signs and one-to-one correspondence. In specific implementation, if the DAC output exceeds the range set by the host computer, i.e., less than 0 or greater than the maximum voltage range, it is directly set to the midpoint of the range (i.e., reset). If multiple DACs trigger the boundary conditions, they are sorted. First, the DAC with the largest value is reset, while the other channels keep their original voltage unchanged. After time Tw, the second largest DAC is reset, and so on, until all DACs that have reached the boundary are reset.
[0101] Step 5: ADC1 collects data, sampling N times (N can be set externally), and obtains an average value X2.
[0102] Step 6: The DAC sends two data packets, one of which is begin_DV0. i (n)+dv i (n)+dw i (n), the other is begin_DV0 i (n)-dv i (n)-dw i (n), the conditional decision steps are as follows:
[0103] The sending order is (1)begin_DV0 i (n)+dv i (n)+dw i (n), (2)begin_DV0 i (n)-dv i (n)-dw i (n);
[0104] The current location is: begin_DV0 i (n)-dv i (n)-dw i (n);
[0105] Compare X1 and X2 (first-order perturbation), where X1 = begin_DV0 i (n)+dv i (n)+dw i (n), X2 = begin_DV0 i (n)-dv i (n)-dw i (n);
[0106] If X1 is the largest, then
[0107] begin_DV0 i (n+1)=begin_DV0 i (n)+2dv i (n)+dw i (n)=x1
[0108] If X2 is the largest, then
[0109] begin_DV0 i (n+1)=begin_DV0 i (n)-dv i (n)-dw i (n)=x2
[0110] will begin_DV0 i (n+1) is output through the DAC and sent to the phase shifter for execution via a driver. The delay time is T.
[0111] The delay T can be set in the host computer, ranging from 1ns to 1s; the conditional decision is to take the larger of the two collected values and set the voltage as the voltage of that time, which will be used as the initial voltage for the next cycle.
[0112] Step 7: Return to Step 1. The compensated phase introduced by each fiber phase shifter ensures that the phases of the 16 optical signals remain consistent, achieving multi-beam directional coherent combining.
[0113] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a delay compensation method, which is similar in principle to the laser communication terminal described above, and the repetitions will not be repeated.
[0114] like Figure 6 The diagram shown is a flowchart illustrating a delay compensation method provided in an embodiment of this application, which specifically includes the following steps:
[0115] S601. The laser beam is sampled by the sampling monitoring module to determine the optical path difference. If the laser beam is emitted by the optical module, the first delay control parameter and the first phase control parameter are determined according to the optical path difference. If the laser beam is received by the phased array antenna, the second delay control parameter and the second phase control parameter are determined according to the optical path difference.
[0116] S602. Through the first optical delay line, perform first optical path difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the first delay control parameters;
[0117] S603. The laser beam emitted by the optical module is subjected to first phase difference delay compensation according to the first phase control parameters via the first high-speed phase shifter.
[0118] S604. Using a phased array antenna, perform second optical path difference delay compensation and second phase difference compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the second delay control parameters and the second phase control parameters.
[0119] In one possible implementation, if the laser beam is emitted by the optical module, the method includes:
[0120] According to the sampling monitoring module, based on the first preset relationship, the delay control parameter corresponding to the integer value of the optical path difference is used as the first delay control parameter, and according to the second preset relationship, the phase control parameter corresponding to the decimal value of the optical path difference is used as the first phase control parameter.
[0121] If the laser beam is received by the phased array antenna, the method includes:
[0122] According to the sampling monitoring module, based on the third preset relationship, the delay control parameter corresponding to the integer value of the optical path difference is used as the second delay control parameter, and according to the fourth preset relationship, the phase control parameter corresponding to the decimal value of the optical path difference is used as the second phase control parameter.
[0123] In one possible implementation, the phased array antenna includes a second high-speed phase shifter corresponding to each transmitted optical path, a second optical delay line connected to the second high-speed phase shifter, and a TR component;
[0124] The laser beam emitted by the optical module is subjected to a second phase difference delay compensation according to the second phase control parameters via the second high-speed phase shifter.
[0125] The laser beam emitted by the optical module is compensated for a second optical path difference delay by means of the second optical delay line and according to the second delay control parameters.
[0126] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:
[0127] Using the second optical delay line and employing a stochastic gradient descent algorithm, the laser beam emitted by the optical module is compensated for a second optical path difference delay based on the second delay control parameters.
[0128] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:
[0129] Using the first optical delay line and employing a stochastic gradient descent algorithm, the laser beam emitted by the optical module is compensated for the first optical path difference delay based on the first delay control parameters.
[0130] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a phased array laser terminal, which is similar in principle to the above-mentioned delay compensation device, and the repetitions will not be repeated.
[0131] like Figure 7 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a phased array laser terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 As can be seen from this, the phased array laser terminal includes an optical module 71, an optical fiber beam splitter 72, and a delay compensation device 73 as described in any of the first aspects;
[0132] The optical module 71 is used to emit laser light;
[0133] The fiber optic beam splitter 72 is used to split the laser into multiple laser beams.
[0134] This application provides a delay compensation device, a delay compensation method, and a phased array laser terminal. The delay compensation device includes: multiple transmitting optical paths, a sampling and monitoring module, and a phased array antenna. Each transmitting optical path includes a first optical delay line and a first high-speed phase shifter. The multiple transmitting optical paths, the sampling and monitoring module, and the phased array antenna are sequentially and communicatively connected. The sampling and monitoring module is used to sample the laser beam and determine the optical path difference. If the laser beam is emitted by the optical module, it determines a first delay control parameter and a first phase control parameter based on the optical path difference. If the laser beam is received by the phased array antenna, it determines a second delay control parameter and a second phase control parameter based on the optical path difference. The first optical delay line is used to perform first optical path difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the first delay control parameter. The first high-speed phase shifter is used to perform first phase difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the first phase control parameter. The phased array antenna is used to perform second optical path difference delay compensation and second phase difference compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the second delay control parameter and the second phase control parameter. In this embodiment, the laser beam emitted by the optical module is delayed by a first optical delay line, a first high-speed phase shifter, and a phased array antenna, thereby achieving complete compensation of the laser beam, solving the phase jump and wavelength dispersion problems in phased array communication, and improving communication capacity.
[0135] The present application has been described above with reference to block diagrams and / or flowcharts illustrating methods, apparatus (systems), and / or computer program products according to embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that a block of a block diagram and / or flowchart, as well as combinations of blocks of block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, and / or other programmable data processing means to produce a machine, such that the instructions, executable via the computer processor and / or other programmable data processing means, create methods for implementing the functions / actions specified in the blocks of the block diagrams and / or flowcharts.
[0136] Accordingly, this application can also be implemented using hardware and / or software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.). Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product on a computer-usable or computer-readable storage medium, having computer-usable or computer-readable program code implemented in the medium for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system. In the context of this application, a computer-usable or computer-readable medium can be any medium that can contain, store, communicate, transmit, or deliver a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
[0137] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.
Claims
1. A delay compensation device, characterized by, include: The system includes multiple optical transmission paths, a sampling and monitoring module, and a phased array antenna. For each optical transmission path, the optical transmission path includes a first optical delay line and a first high-speed phase shifter. The multiple transmitting optical paths, the sampling and monitoring module, and the phased array antenna are sequentially and communicatively connected. The sampling and monitoring module is used to sample the laser beam and determine the optical path difference. If the laser beam is emitted by the optical module, the first delay control parameter and the first phase control parameter are determined according to the optical path difference. If the laser beam is received by the phased array antenna, the second delay control parameter and the second phase control parameter are determined according to the optical path difference. The first optical delay line is used to perform first optical path difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the first delay control parameter. The first high-speed phase shifter is used to perform first phase difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the first phase control parameters; The phased array antenna is used to perform second optical path difference delay compensation and second phase difference compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the second delay control parameter and the second phase control parameter. Wherein, if the laser beam is emitted by the optical module, the sampling and monitoring module is specifically used for: According to the first preset relationship, the delay control parameter corresponding to the integer value of the optical path difference is used as the first delay control parameter, and according to the second preset relationship, the phase control parameter corresponding to the decimal value of the optical path difference is used as the first phase control parameter. If the laser beam is received by the phased array antenna, then the sampling and monitoring module is specifically used for: According to the third preset relationship, the delay control parameter corresponding to the integer value of the optical path difference is used as the second delay control parameter, and according to the fourth preset relationship, the phase control parameter corresponding to the decimal value of the optical path difference is used as the second phase control parameter.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The phased array antenna includes a second high-speed phase shifter corresponding to each transmitting optical path, a second optical delay line connected to the second high-speed phase shifter, and a TR component; The second high-speed phase shifter is used to perform second phase difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the second phase control parameters; The second optical delay line is used to perform second optical path difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the second delay control parameters.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein, The second optical delay line is specifically used for: The stochastic gradient descent algorithm is used to perform second optical path difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the second delay control parameter.
4. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-3, wherein The first optical delay line is specifically used for: The stochastic gradient descent algorithm is used to perform first optical path difference delay compensation on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the first delay control parameter.
5. A phased array laser terminal, characterized by Includes optical modules, fiber optic beam splitters, and delay compensation devices as described in any one of claims 1 to 4; The optical module is used to emit laser light; The fiber optic beam splitter is used to split the laser into multiple laser beams.
6. A method of delay compensation, characterized by, Applied to the delay compensation device as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, or the phased array laser terminal as described in claim 5, the method comprises: The laser beam is sampled by the sampling monitoring module to determine the optical path difference. If the laser beam is emitted by the optical module, the first delay control parameter and the first phase control parameter are determined according to the optical path difference. If the laser beam is received by the phased array antenna, the second delay control parameter and the second phase control parameter are determined according to the optical path difference. The laser beam emitted by the optical module is compensated for the first optical path difference delay by using the first optical delay line and according to the first delay control parameters. The laser beam emitted by the optical module is subjected to first phase difference delay compensation by the first high-speed phase shifter according to the first phase control parameters. Through the phased array antenna, second optical path difference delay compensation and second phase difference compensation are performed on the laser beam emitted by the optical module according to the second delay control parameter and the second phase control parameter. Wherein, if the laser beam is emitted by the optical module, the method includes: According to the sampling monitoring module, based on the first preset relationship, the delay control parameter corresponding to the integer value of the optical path difference is used as the first delay control parameter, and according to the second preset relationship, the phase control parameter corresponding to the decimal value of the optical path difference is used as the first phase control parameter. If the laser beam is received by the phased array antenna, the method includes: According to the sampling monitoring module, based on the third preset relationship, the delay control parameter corresponding to the integer value of the optical path difference is used as the second delay control parameter, and according to the fourth preset relationship, the phase control parameter corresponding to the decimal value of the optical path difference is used as the second phase control parameter.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The phased array antenna includes a second high-speed phase shifter corresponding to each transmitting optical path, a second optical delay line connected to the second high-speed phase shifter, and a TR component; The laser beam emitted by the optical module is subjected to a second phase difference delay compensation according to the second phase control parameters via the second high-speed phase shifter. The laser beam emitted by the optical module is compensated for a second optical path difference delay by means of the second optical delay line and according to the second delay control parameters.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The method also includes: Using the second optical delay line and employing a stochastic gradient descent algorithm, the laser beam emitted by the optical module is compensated for a second optical path difference delay based on the second delay control parameters.
9. The method of any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein, The method also includes: Using the first optical delay line and employing a stochastic gradient descent algorithm, the laser beam emitted by the optical module is compensated for the first optical path difference delay based on the first delay control parameters.