Intelligent monitoring system and method for swallowing rehabilitation

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent monitoring system and method for swallowing rehabilitation, and the method comprises the steps: determining the mistaken aspiration risk feature of a pressure peak value in the swallowing rehabilitation through the high-frequency energy sudden change amount of cough sound and the delay feature of a food mass through the pharynx, and when the mistaken aspiration risk feature is greater than a risk threshold value in the swallowing rehabilitation, stopping the swallowing rehabilitation. According to biomechanical information in swallowing rehabilitation, coordination scores of all rehabilitation stages in the swallowing rehabilitation process are determined, and then function recovery indexes of the swallowing function in the pharyngeal period in the swallowing rehabilitation process are determined according to all the coordination scores and mistaken aspiration risk characteristics. The swallowing efficiency index in swallowing rehabilitation is extracted, then the rehabilitation deviation characteristic of the pharynx is determined through the swallowing efficiency index and the function recovery index, and personalized adjustment is conducted on the swallowing rehabilitation scheme after sound-light alarm based on the rehabilitation deviation characteristic. Based on the scheme, personalized coordination of the rehabilitation scheme in swallowing rehabilitation can be realized, so that the recovery efficiency of the swallowing function in the pharyngeal period can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of swallowing rehabilitation, and more specifically, to an intelligent monitoring system and method for swallowing rehabilitation. Background Art

[0002] The field of swallowing rehabilitation has developed rapidly in recent years, demonstrating multidisciplinary, technologically diverse, and personalized approaches. Currently, various assessment methods, such as swallowing radiography and fiberoptic endoscopic swallowing function testing, are continuously being refined. Traditional methods, such as oral motor training and swallowing posture adjustment, are also being optimized. Emerging technologies, such as virtual reality training and robot-assisted training, are also gradually being applied clinically.

[0003] Traditional programs rely on preset swallowing times, food bolus volume or training duration, and do not make dynamic adjustments based on the dynamic adaptability of the patient's real-time pharyngeal pressure waveform or risk prompts in the acoustic signal, resulting in a mismatch between training intensity and the patient's actual compensatory ability. Due to differences in the degree of nerve damage, muscle atrophy stage or airway sensitivity, different patients respond very differently to the same training parameters. At the same time, there is a lack of an individualized feedback mechanism based on biomechanical timing differences, which can easily lead to ineffective training or secondary injury. Therefore, how to achieve personalized coordination of rehabilitation programs in swallowing rehabilitation to improve the recovery efficiency of swallowing function during the pharyngeal period has become a difficult problem facing the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides an intelligent monitoring system and method for swallowing rehabilitation, which can realize personalized coordination of rehabilitation plans in swallowing rehabilitation, thereby improving the recovery efficiency of swallowing function during the pharyngeal period.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an intelligent monitoring method for swallowing rehabilitation, comprising: Collecting swallowing acoustic signals and pharyngeal pressure waveforms of food boluses passing through the pharynx during swallowing rehabilitation, and then extracting the high-frequency energy mutation of cough sounds in the swallowing acoustic signals and the delay characteristics of food bolus passing through the pharynx in the pharyngeal pressure waveform; Determining the aspiration risk feature of the pressure peak during swallowing rehabilitation by using the high-frequency energy mutation amount and the delay feature, and when the aspiration risk feature is greater than the risk threshold during swallowing rehabilitation, activating an audible and visual alarm during swallowing rehabilitation, and obtaining biomechanical information during swallowing rehabilitation after the audible and visual alarm; Determining the coordination scores of each rehabilitation stage during swallowing rehabilitation by using the laryngeal-myoelectric motion timing difference in the biomechanical information, and then determining the functional recovery index of swallowing function during the pharyngeal phase of swallowing rehabilitation by using all the coordination scores and the aspiration risk characteristics; The swallowing efficiency index in swallowing rehabilitation is extracted from the pre-collected swallowing records, and then the rehabilitation deviation characteristics of the pharynx are determined by the swallowing efficiency index and the functional recovery index. Based on the rehabilitation deviation characteristics, the swallowing rehabilitation plan after the sound and light alarm is personalized adjusted.

[0006] In some embodiments, extracting the high-frequency energy mutation of the cough sound in the swallowing acoustic signal and the delay feature of the food bolus passing through the pharynx in the pharyngeal pressure waveform specifically includes: extracting coefficient mutations of the Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients in the swallowing acoustic signal as high-frequency energy mutations of the cough sound; The pressure peak delay time of the food bolus passing through the cricopharyngeal muscle in the pharyngeal pressure waveform is extracted as the delay feature of the food bolus passing through the pharynx.

[0007] In some embodiments, a neck-mounted microphone is used to collect swallowing acoustic signals of a food bolus passing through the pharynx during swallowing rehabilitation.

[0008] In some embodiments, determining the coordination score of each rehabilitation stage during swallowing rehabilitation by using the laryngeal-myoelectric motion timing difference in the biomechanical information specifically includes: For each rehabilitation stage in the swallowing rehabilitation process, the laryngeal lift time and the submental muscle peak time of the rehabilitation stage are obtained from the biomechanical information; Determine the laryngeal-myoelectric movement timing difference by the laryngeal elevation time and the submental muscle group peak time; The coordination score of the rehabilitation stage is determined according to the laryngeal-myoelectric movement timing difference and the total duration of the complete swallowing action, and then the coordination score of each rehabilitation stage in the swallowing rehabilitation process is obtained.

[0009] In some embodiments, determining the functional recovery index of swallowing function during the pharyngeal phase of swallowing rehabilitation by using all coordination scores and the aspiration risk characteristics specifically includes: For each rehabilitation stage, obtaining an exponential decay term of the aspiration risk feature in the rehabilitation stage; The coordination score of the rehabilitation stage and the aspiration risk feature are integrated into the functional recovery value of the rehabilitation stage through the exponential decay term. The functional recovery value of each rehabilitation stage can be obtained through the above method. The functional recovery index of swallowing function in the pharyngeal stage of swallowing rehabilitation is determined based on all functional recovery values.

[0010] In some embodiments, extracting the swallowing efficiency index in swallowing rehabilitation from pre-collected swallowing records specifically includes: Bolus transit time, laryngeal elevation, and mean pressure were obtained from pre-collected swallowing records; A swallowing efficiency index in swallowing rehabilitation is determined based on the bolus transit time, the laryngeal elevation amplitude, and the average pressure.

[0011] In some embodiments, determining the rehabilitation deviation characteristics of the pharynx using the swallowing efficiency index and the functional recovery index specifically includes: determining a degree of match between the swallowing efficiency index and the functional recovery index; The deviation degree of swallowing rehabilitation is evaluated by the matching degree to obtain the rehabilitation deviation characteristics of the pharynx.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present application provides an intelligent monitoring system for swallowing rehabilitation, comprising a monitoring unit, wherein the monitoring unit comprises: An acquisition module is used to acquire swallowing acoustic signals and pharyngeal pressure waveforms of food boluses passing through the pharynx during swallowing rehabilitation, and then extract the high-frequency energy mutation of cough sounds in the swallowing acoustic signals and the delay characteristics of food bolus passing through the pharynx in the pharyngeal pressure waveform; a processing module, configured to determine an aspiration risk characteristic of a pressure peak during swallowing rehabilitation based on the high-frequency energy mutation amount and the delay characteristic, and to activate an audible and visual alarm during swallowing rehabilitation when the aspiration risk characteristic is greater than a risk threshold during swallowing rehabilitation, and to obtain biomechanical information during swallowing rehabilitation after the audible and visual alarm; The processing module is further configured to determine the coordination scores of each rehabilitation stage during the swallowing rehabilitation process based on the laryngeal-myoelectric motion timing difference in the biomechanical information, and further determine the functional recovery index of the swallowing function during the pharyngeal phase of the swallowing rehabilitation process based on all the coordination scores and the aspiration risk characteristics; The execution module is used to extract the swallowing efficiency index in swallowing rehabilitation from the pre-collected swallowing records, and then determine the rehabilitation deviation characteristics of the pharynx through the swallowing efficiency index and the functional recovery index, and personalize the swallowing rehabilitation plan after the sound and light alarm based on the rehabilitation deviation characteristics.

[0013] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program from the memory, so that the computer device executes the above-mentioned intelligent monitoring method for swallowing rehabilitation.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which instructions or codes are stored. When the instructions or codes are run on a computer, the computer implements the above-mentioned intelligent monitoring method for swallowing rehabilitation.

[0015] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments disclosed in this application have the following beneficial effects: The present application provides an intelligent monitoring system and method for swallowing rehabilitation, which collects swallowing acoustic signals and pharyngeal pressure waveforms of food boluses passing through the pharynx during swallowing rehabilitation, and then extracts the high-frequency energy mutation of the cough sound in the swallowing acoustic signal and the delay characteristics of the food bolus passing through the pharynx in the pharyngeal pressure waveform; determines the aspiration risk characteristics of the pressure peak in swallowing rehabilitation based on the high-frequency energy mutation and the delay characteristics; activates an audible and visual alarm in swallowing rehabilitation when the aspiration risk characteristics are greater than the risk threshold in swallowing rehabilitation, and obtains biomechanical information in swallowing rehabilitation after the audible and visual alarm; determines the coordination scores of each rehabilitation stage in the swallowing rehabilitation process based on the laryngeal-electromyographic movement timing difference in the biomechanical information, and then determines the functional recovery index of the swallowing function in the pharyngeal phase of swallowing rehabilitation based on all the coordination scores and the aspiration risk characteristics; extracts the swallowing efficiency index in swallowing rehabilitation from the pre-collected swallowing records, and then determines the rehabilitation deviation characteristics of the pharynx based on the swallowing efficiency index and the functional recovery index, and personalizes the swallowing rehabilitation plan after the audible and visual alarm based on the rehabilitation deviation characteristics.

[0016] It can be seen that in this application, the rehabilitation deviation characteristics of the pharynx are determined by the swallowing efficiency index and the functional recovery index, and the swallowing rehabilitation program after the sound and light alarm is adjusted individually based on the rehabilitation deviation characteristics; first, the delay characteristics are determined to obtain the neuromuscular conduction efficiency of the food bolus through the pharynx, thereby providing a key timing basis for the dynamic adjustment of the rehabilitation program. The delay characteristics in the pharyngeal pressure waveform directly reflect the central nervous system's ability to regulate the swallowing muscle group. Traditional fixed rhythm training cannot adapt to abnormal timing. By quantifying the delay characteristics, it is possible to identify whether the patient has peripheral nerve compensatory delay or central command conduction disorder, and then adjust the training parameters differently. The temporal correlation between the delay characteristics and the high-frequency cough sound can further locate the aspiration risk link and achieve targeted rehabilitation intervention; then, the functional recovery index is determined to obtain a multi-dimensional dynamic evaluation system for pharyngeal swallowing function, thereby achieving closed-loop optimization of the rehabilitation program. This indicator integrates the coordination score and the aspiration risk characteristic, and can quantify the patient's functional evolution trajectory from the acute phase to the recovery phase. When the coordination score improves but the aspiration risk is still high, it indicates that the coordination score has improved. Compensatory strategies are dominant, and the viscosity of the food bolus needs to be reduced to strengthen physiological coordination. If both are improved simultaneously, it reflects the substantial recovery of neuromuscular function, and the complexity of training can be gradually increased. At the same time, by comparing functional recovery indicators with swallowing efficiency indexes, false recovery can be identified to avoid premature advanced training, thereby shortening the rehabilitation cycle and reducing the incidence of aspiration. In summary, the joint analysis of delay characteristics and functional recovery indicators can ensure that personalized plans are targeted at the cause (such as delayed improvement) and meet the overall functional goals. Based on the above plan, personalized coordination of rehabilitation plans in swallowing rehabilitation can be achieved, thereby improving the recovery efficiency of swallowing function during the pharyngeal phase. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 is an exemplary flow chart of an intelligent monitoring method for swallowing rehabilitation according to some embodiments of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a process for determining a swallowing efficiency index according to some embodiments of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a monitoring unit according to some embodiments of the present application; Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of a computer device for implementing an intelligent monitoring method for swallowing rehabilitation according to some embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0020] refer to Figure 1 , which is an exemplary flow chart of an intelligent monitoring method for swallowing rehabilitation according to some embodiments of the present application. The intelligent monitoring method for swallowing rehabilitation mainly includes the following steps: In step 101, swallowing acoustic signals and pharyngeal pressure waveforms of a food bolus passing through the pharynx during swallowing rehabilitation are collected, and then high-frequency energy mutations of cough sounds in the swallowing acoustic signals and delay characteristics of the food bolus passing through the pharynx in the pharyngeal pressure waveform are extracted.

[0021] It should be noted that, in this application, the swallowing acoustic signal refers to the sound signal generated by the friction and vibration of the food bolus with the surrounding tissues when passing through the throat during swallowing, which mainly includes characteristics such as normal swallowing sounds and abnormal cough sounds; the pharyngeal pressure waveform refers to the pressure change curve generated by the food bolus on the pharyngeal wall when passing through the pharynx. The pharyngeal pressure waveform can reflect the mechanical properties of pharyngeal muscle contraction and food bolus propulsion.

[0022] In specific implementation, a neck-attached microphone is used to collect swallowing acoustic signals of food bolus passing through the pharynx during swallowing rehabilitation, and a flexible impedance sensor array is used to collect pharyngeal pressure waveforms of food bolus passing through the pharynx during swallowing rehabilitation.

[0023] In some embodiments, extracting the high-frequency energy mutation of the cough sound in the swallowing acoustic signal and the delay characteristics of the food bolus passing through the pharynx in the pharyngeal pressure waveform can be achieved by using the following steps: extracting coefficient mutations of the Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients in the swallowing acoustic signal as high-frequency energy mutations of the cough sound; The pressure peak delay time of the food bolus passing through the cricopharyngeal muscle in the pharyngeal pressure waveform is extracted as the delay feature of the food bolus passing through the pharynx.

[0024] It should be noted that, in the present application, the high-frequency energy mutation refers to the characteristic quantity in the Mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC) that reflects the sudden increase in energy in the 2000-3000Hz frequency band. This high-frequency energy mutation is a hallmark acoustic feature of covert aspiration; MFCC is a speech feature parameter designed based on the auditory characteristics of the human ear, which can effectively characterize the spectral characteristics of the sound signal. The coefficient mutation refers to the significant change in the amplitude of the second coefficient of MFCC in a short period of time. This coefficient mutation can be used to identify abnormal sound events; the delay time refers to the time difference from the start of the laryngeal lifting movement to the peak value of the cricopharyngeal muscle pressure. The delay time can directly characterize the coordination of the pharyngeal muscles; the cricopharyngeal muscle pressure peak refers to the maximum pressure value recorded at the cricopharyngeal muscle position when the food bolus passes through the pharynx. The cricopharyngeal muscle pressure peak can reflect the maximum contraction strength of the pharyngeal muscle.

[0025] In the specific implementation, first, the collected original swallowing acoustic signal is framed and windowed (the default is a Hamming window with a frame length of 25ms and a frame shift of 10ms) to eliminate spectral leakage. The power spectrum of each frame signal is obtained by fast Fourier transform, and each power spectrum is mapped to a Mel-scale filter bank (usually 23 triangular filters are set), and the logarithmic energy of each filter output is calculated; then the filter bank energy is discrete cosine transformed, and the coefficients after discrete cosine transform are used as Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients, where the second coefficient of the Mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC-2) is specifically The gate is used to monitor energy changes in the 2000-3000Hz frequency band, calculate the mean of all second coefficients as the baseline, and count the number of second coefficients that continuously exceed the baseline at the current moment as the high-frequency energy mutation of the cough sound; then, when the vertical acceleration of the larynx exceeds the specified value (the default is 0.5), it is marked as the starting point of swallowing. The local extreme value detection algorithm is used in the pharyngeal pressure waveform to determine the maximum pressure value in the cricopharyngeal muscle area and its corresponding time point. The time difference between the peak pressure time and the starting point of the laryngeal lifting is calculated, and this time difference is used as the delay characteristic of the food bolus passing through the pharynx.

[0026] In step 102, the aspiration risk characteristics of the pressure peak in swallowing rehabilitation are determined by the high-frequency energy mutation amount and the delay characteristics. When the aspiration risk characteristics are greater than the risk threshold in swallowing rehabilitation, the sound and light alarm in swallowing rehabilitation is activated, and the biomechanical information in swallowing rehabilitation is obtained after the sound and light alarm.

[0027] In some embodiments, determining the aspiration risk characteristic of peak pressure during swallowing rehabilitation using the high-frequency energy mutation and the delay characteristic can be achieved by the following steps: The product of the high-frequency energy mutation and the delay characteristic is used as the aspiration risk characteristic of peak pressure during swallowing rehabilitation. It should be noted that the aspiration risk characteristic represents the risk of food bolus entering the airway. It is a dynamic assessment indicator constructed by quantifying the product of the high-frequency energy mutation of cough sounds and the delay time of pharyngeal pressure peak during swallowing. When food bolus enters the airway, it triggers a cough reflex, manifested as a sudden increase in ΔMFCC-2. Cricopharyngeal muscle coordination disorder exacerbates the risk of aspiration. The product of the two amplifies the abnormal signal. When the aspiration risk characteristic exceeds the clinical calibration threshold, the system determines it as a high-risk aspiration and triggers a real-time alarm. This feature, through multimodal signal fusion, achieves objective and accurate early warning of latent aspiration.

[0028] In some embodiments, when the aspiration risk characteristic is greater than the risk threshold in swallowing rehabilitation, the sound and light alarm in swallowing rehabilitation is activated, and the biomechanical information in swallowing rehabilitation is obtained after the sound and light alarm, which can be achieved in the following manner, namely: when the aspiration risk characteristic is greater than the risk threshold in swallowing rehabilitation, the sound and light alarm in swallowing rehabilitation is activated, the laryngeal movement trajectory is captured in real time by the inertial measurement unit, the start time of laryngeal lifting and the maximum displacement time are accurately marked as laryngeal lifting time parameters, the surface electromyography signals of the submental muscle group are synchronously collected, and the sliding window peak detection algorithm is used to determine the peak time of the electromyography activity, so that the set of laryngeal lifting time and submental muscle group peak time is used as the biomechanical information in swallowing rehabilitation.

[0029] In step 103, the coordination scores of each rehabilitation stage in the swallowing rehabilitation process are determined by the laryngeal-electromyographic movement timing difference in the biomechanical information, and then the functional recovery index of the swallowing function in the pharyngeal phase of swallowing rehabilitation is determined by all the coordination scores and the aspiration risk characteristics.

[0030] In some embodiments, determining the coordination score of each rehabilitation stage during swallowing rehabilitation by using the laryngeal-myoelectric motion timing difference in the biomechanical information can be achieved by the following steps: For each rehabilitation stage in the swallowing rehabilitation process, the laryngeal lift time and the submental muscle peak time of the rehabilitation stage are obtained from the biomechanical information; Determine the laryngeal-myoelectric movement timing difference by the laryngeal elevation time and the submental muscle group peak time; The coordination score of the rehabilitation stage is determined according to the laryngeal-myoelectric movement timing difference and the total duration of the complete swallowing action, and then the coordination score of each rehabilitation stage in the swallowing rehabilitation process is obtained.

[0031] It should be noted that, in this application, the coordination score is an indicator that quantifies the degree of coordination between laryngeal movement and muscle activation, and the value range is 0-1, and the closer to 1, the better the coordination; in specific implementation, first, for each rehabilitation stage in the swallowing rehabilitation process, the laryngeal lifting time and the peak time of the submental muscle group in the rehabilitation stage are obtained from the biomechanical information; then, the difference between the laryngeal lifting time and the peak time of the submental muscle group is used as the laryngeal-electromyography timing difference, which refers to the difference between the start time of the laryngeal lifting and the peak time of the submental muscle group. The laryngeal-electromyography timing difference can reflect the The synergistic efficiency of neural signal conduction and muscle mechanical response; finally, all swallowing times in the rehabilitation stage were counted, and the average of all swallowing times was calculated as the total duration of the complete swallowing action. The score was calculated using a piecewise linear function. When the timing difference ratio was within the optimal physiological range (the default was 10%-20%), the score was 1. For every 5% deviation from this range, the score decreased by 0.1. If the timing difference was negative, indicating delayed muscle activation, the score was directly deducted by 0.3 to obtain the coordination score of the rehabilitation stage. The coordination score of each rehabilitation stage in the swallowing rehabilitation process can be obtained in the above way.

[0032] In some embodiments, determining the functional recovery index of swallowing function during the pharyngeal phase of swallowing rehabilitation by using all coordination scores and the aspiration risk characteristics can be achieved by the following steps: For each rehabilitation stage, obtaining an exponential decay term of the aspiration risk feature in the rehabilitation stage; The coordination score of the rehabilitation stage and the aspiration risk feature are integrated into the functional recovery value of the rehabilitation stage through the exponential decay term. The functional recovery value of each rehabilitation stage can be obtained through the above method. The functional recovery index of swallowing function in the pharyngeal stage of swallowing rehabilitation is determined based on all functional recovery values.

[0033] It should be noted that in this application, the functional recovery index is a global evaluation indicator used to quantify the patient's overall rehabilitation progress; the functional recovery value is a weighted evaluation value reflecting the patient's overall recovery level of swallowing function at the current rehabilitation stage; the exponential decay term represents the degree of influence of aspiration risk on functional recovery at each rehabilitation stage, and the exponential decay term is used to reduce the negative impact of high-risk data on functional recovery evaluation.

[0034] In the specific implementation, first, for each rehabilitation stage, the exponential decay term of the aspiration risk feature in the rehabilitation stage is obtained from the console of the monitoring system; then, the ratio of the aspiration risk feature to the natural logarithm of the exponential decay term is used as the impact value of the aspiration risk on functional recovery, and the influence weights of the aspiration risk and coordination score on the functional recovery in the rehabilitation stage are preset based on historical experience, so as to calculate the weighted sum of the influence value and the coordination score as the functional recovery value of the rehabilitation stage. The functional recovery value of each rehabilitation stage can be obtained in the above manner; finally, the collection of all functional recovery values ​​is used as the functional recovery index of the swallowing function in the pharyngeal stage of swallowing rehabilitation.

[0035] In step 104, the swallowing efficiency index in swallowing rehabilitation is extracted from the pre-collected swallowing records, and then the rehabilitation deviation characteristics of the pharynx are determined by the swallowing efficiency index and the functional recovery index. Based on the rehabilitation deviation characteristics, the swallowing rehabilitation program after the sound and light alarm is personalized.

[0036] In some embodiments, the swallowing efficiency index in swallowing rehabilitation is extracted from the pre-collected swallowing records, referring to Figure 2 As described above, this figure is a schematic diagram of the process of determining the swallowing efficiency index in some embodiments of the present application. In this embodiment, the swallowing efficiency index can be determined by the following steps: In step 1041 , the bolus transit time, laryngeal elevation amplitude, and average pressure are obtained from the previously collected swallowing records; In step 1042 , a swallowing efficiency index in swallowing rehabilitation is determined based on the bolus passage time, the laryngeal elevation amplitude, and the average pressure.

[0037] It should be noted that, in this application, the swallowing efficiency index is a composite indicator that quantifies the efficiency of food bolus transmission under unit mechanical expenditure; the food bolus transit time refers to the complete time it takes for the food bolus to be pushed from the root of the tongue to pass through the cricopharyngeal muscle into the esophagus; the laryngeal lift amplitude refers to the maximum vertical displacement distance of the thyroid cartilage during swallowing; and the average pressure is a pressure value that reflects the overall contraction strength of the pharyngeal muscles.

[0038] In the specific implementation, first, the time node is determined by synchronously analyzing the video fluoroscopy image and the pharyngeal pressure waveform. The moment when the root of the tongue pushes the food bolus (the hyoid bone can be seen moving forward in the video) is taken as the starting point, and the moment when the cricopharyngeal pressure waveform drops to the baseline (indicating that the food bolus has completely entered the esophagus) is taken as the end point, and the food bolus passage time can be obtained; a displacement sensor attached to the thyroid cartilage is used to record the vertical displacement curve, and the straight-line distance from the resting position to the maximum lifting position in the displacement curve is taken, and standardized with the patient's neck circumference (unit: mm / cm) to eliminate individual differences as the laryngeal lifting amplitude; the pressure data of the corresponding channel of the cricopharyngeal muscle is selected in the pharyngeal pressure sensor array, and all sampling points during the food bolus passage period (from the starting point of the rising edge of the pressure to the end point of the falling edge) are intercepted, and abnormal peaks (such as coughing) are eliminated. Interference) and then take the arithmetic mean as the average pressure; then, obtain the healthy population baseline value of food bolus passage time, the individualized theoretical optimal values ​​of laryngeal elevation amplitude and average pressure from the central console of the monitoring system, divide the food bolus passage time by the healthy population baseline value as the relative time coefficient, divide the laryngeal elevation amplitude and average pressure by their individualized theoretical optimal values ​​as the laryngeal elevation amplitude standardization value and the average pressure standardization value, respectively, and use the following method to calculate the swallowing efficiency index in swallowing rehabilitation, namely: swallowing efficiency index = (relative time coefficient) / (standardized laryngeal elevation amplitude value × standardized average pressure value). The swallowing efficiency index in swallowing rehabilitation can be obtained by the above method.

[0039] In some embodiments, determining the recovery deviation characteristics of the pharynx using the swallowing efficiency index and the functional recovery index can be achieved by the following steps: determining a degree of match between the swallowing efficiency index and the functional recovery index; The deviation degree of swallowing rehabilitation is evaluated by the matching degree to obtain the rehabilitation deviation characteristics of the pharynx.

[0040] It should be noted that in this application, the rehabilitation deviation characteristic is a quantitative indicator that reflects the degree of difference between the patient's current rehabilitation progress and the standard recovery curve; in specific implementation, first, the ratio of the swallowing efficiency index and the functional recovery index is used as the matching degree between the swallowing efficiency index and the functional recovery index. The matching degree refers to the degree of synergistic consistency between the swallowing efficiency index and the functional recovery index, which is used to quantify the consistency between the patient's actual swallowing function recovery and the theoretical expected recovery level; then, the difference between the matching degree and 1 is used as the rehabilitation deviation characteristic of the pharynx.

[0041] In some embodiments, personalized adjustment of the swallowing rehabilitation program after the sound and light alarm based on the rehabilitation deviation characteristics can be achieved by the following steps, namely: first, the corresponding deviation type (delayed or compensatory) and deviation level (mild, moderate, severe) are obtained from the mapping table of the monitoring system console through the positive and negative values ​​and amplitudes of the rehabilitation deviation characteristics. If the rehabilitation deviation characteristic is <-0.2, the swallowing rehabilitation is a delayed deviation. If the rehabilitation deviation characteristic is >0.3, the swallowing rehabilitation is a compensatory deviation. For delayed deviation, the training frequency is slightly adjusted, for example: Shaker training is changed from 3 times a day to 10 times a day. The number of groups increased to 5. For moderate cases, balloon dilatation combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation was used, while for severe cases, cricopharyngeal myotomy was performed in combination with biofeedback training. For compensatory deviation, neck relaxation training was used for mild cases, surface electromyography biofeedback was used to inhibit abnormal electromyographic activity for moderate cases, and laryngeal muscle injection was required for severe cases. All plans were dynamically adjusted according to real-time monitoring data. For example, if the improvement in the laryngeal elevation amplitude of delayed patients exceeded 15%, the intervention intensity was reduced. If the standard deviation of electromyographic activity of compensatory patients met the standard for three consecutive times, maintenance training was switched to ensure that the rehabilitation process was accurately matched with the individual recovery curve.

[0042] In addition, in another aspect of the present application, in some embodiments, the present application provides an intelligent monitoring system for swallowing rehabilitation, the intelligent monitoring system for swallowing rehabilitation includes a monitoring unit, reference Figure 3 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a monitoring unit according to some embodiments of the present application. The monitoring unit includes: a collection module 201, a processing module 202 and an execution module 203, which are described as follows: Acquisition module 201, in this application, is mainly used to collect swallowing acoustic signals and pharyngeal pressure waveforms of food boluses passing through the pharynx during swallowing rehabilitation, and then extract the high-frequency energy mutation of cough sounds in the swallowing acoustic signals and the delay characteristics of food bolus passing through the pharynx in the pharyngeal pressure waveform; Processing module 202, in the present application, is used to determine the aspiration risk feature of the pressure peak in swallowing rehabilitation based on the high-frequency energy mutation amount and the delay feature, and when the aspiration risk feature is greater than the risk threshold in swallowing rehabilitation, activate the sound and light alarm in swallowing rehabilitation, and obtain biomechanical information in swallowing rehabilitation after the sound and light alarm; It should be noted that the processing module 202 is further configured to determine the coordination scores of each rehabilitation stage during the swallowing rehabilitation process based on the laryngeal-myoelectric motion timing difference in the biomechanical information, and further determine the functional recovery index of the swallowing function during the pharyngeal phase of the swallowing rehabilitation process based on all the coordination scores and the aspiration risk characteristics; Execution module 203. In this application, execution module 203 is mainly used to extract the swallowing efficiency index in swallowing rehabilitation from the pre-collected swallowing records, and then determine the rehabilitation deviation characteristics of the pharynx through the swallowing efficiency index and the functional recovery index, and personalize the swallowing rehabilitation plan after the sound and light alarm based on the rehabilitation deviation characteristics.

[0043] The above describes in detail the examples of the intelligent monitoring system and method for swallowing rehabilitation provided by the embodiments of the present application. It can be understood that in order to realize the above functions, the corresponding device includes hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function. It should be easily appreciated by those skilled in the art that, in combination with the units and algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments disclosed herein, the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in the form of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0044] In some embodiments, the present application also provides a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program from the memory, so that the computer device executes the above-mentioned intelligent monitoring method for swallowing rehabilitation.

[0045] In some embodiments, reference Figure 4 , the dotted line in the figure indicates that the unit or module is optional. The figure is a structural diagram of a computer device for implementing an intelligent monitoring method for swallowing rehabilitation according to an embodiment of the present application. The intelligent monitoring method for swallowing rehabilitation described in the above embodiment can be Figure 4 The computer device shown in the figure is implemented, and the computer device includes at least one processor 301, a memory 302 and at least one communication unit 305. The computer device can be a terminal device, a server or a chip.

[0046] Processor 301 may be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor. For example, processor 301 may be a central processing unit (CPU). The CPU may be used to control the computer device, execute software programs, and process data from the software programs. The computer device may also include a communication unit 305 to implement signal input (reception) and output (transmission).

[0047] For example, the computer device may be a chip, the communication unit 305 may be an input and / or output circuit of the chip, or the communication unit 305 may be a communication interface of the chip, and the chip may be a component of a terminal device, a network device, or other device.

[0048] For another example, the computer device may be a terminal device or a server, and the communication unit 305 may be a transceiver of the terminal device or the server, or the communication unit 305 may be a transceiver circuit of the terminal device or the server.

[0049] The computer device may include one or more memories 302, on which a program 304 is stored. The program 304 can be executed by the processor 301 to generate instructions 303, so that the processor 301 executes the method described in the above method embodiment according to the instructions 303. Optionally, data (such as a target audit model) can also be stored in the memory 302. Optionally, the processor 301 can also read data stored in the memory 302. The data can be stored at the same storage address as the program 304, or at a different storage address from the program 304.

[0050] The processor 301 and the memory 302 may be provided separately or integrated together, for example, integrated on a system on chip (SOC) of a terminal device.

[0051] It should be understood that each step of the above method embodiment can be completed by a hardware-based logic circuit or software-based instructions in the processor 301. The processor 301 can be a CPU, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, such as discrete gates, transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components.

[0052] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0053] For example, in some embodiments, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores instructions or codes. When the instructions or codes are run on a computer, the computer implements the above-mentioned intelligent monitoring method for swallowing rehabilitation.

[0054] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present application.

[0055] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An intelligent monitoring method for swallowing rehabilitation, characterized in that: The steps include: Collecting swallowing acoustic signals and pharyngeal pressure waveforms of food boluses passing through the pharynx during swallowing rehabilitation, and then extracting the high-frequency energy mutation of cough sounds in the swallowing acoustic signals and the delay characteristics of food bolus passing through the pharynx in the pharyngeal pressure waveform; Determining the aspiration risk feature of the pressure peak during swallowing rehabilitation by using the high-frequency energy mutation amount and the delay feature, and when the aspiration risk feature is greater than the risk threshold during swallowing rehabilitation, activating an audible and visual alarm during swallowing rehabilitation, and obtaining biomechanical information during swallowing rehabilitation after the audible and visual alarm; Determining the coordination scores of each rehabilitation stage during swallowing rehabilitation by using the laryngeal-myoelectric motion timing difference in the biomechanical information, and then determining the functional recovery index of swallowing function during the pharyngeal phase of swallowing rehabilitation by using all the coordination scores and the aspiration risk characteristics; The swallowing efficiency index in swallowing rehabilitation is extracted from the pre-collected swallowing records, and then the rehabilitation deviation characteristics of the pharynx are determined by the swallowing efficiency index and the functional recovery index. Based on the rehabilitation deviation characteristics, the swallowing rehabilitation plan after the sound and light alarm is personalized adjusted.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein Extracting the high-frequency energy mutation of the cough sound in the swallowing acoustic signal and the delay feature of the food bolus passing through the pharynx in the pharyngeal pressure waveform specifically includes: extracting coefficient mutations of the Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients in the swallowing acoustic signal as high-frequency energy mutations of the cough sound; The pressure peak delay time of the food bolus passing through the cricopharyngeal muscle in the pharyngeal pressure waveform is extracted as the delay feature of the food bolus passing through the pharynx.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein A neck-mounted microphone was used to collect swallowing acoustic signals of food bolus passing through the pharynx during swallowing rehabilitation.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The coordination scores of each rehabilitation stage during swallowing rehabilitation are determined by the laryngeal-myoelectric motion timing difference in the biomechanical information, specifically including: For each rehabilitation stage in the swallowing rehabilitation process, the laryngeal lift time and the submental muscle peak time of the rehabilitation stage are obtained from the biomechanical information; Determine the laryngeal-myoelectric movement timing difference by the laryngeal elevation time and the submental muscle group peak time; The coordination score of the rehabilitation stage is determined according to the laryngeal-myoelectric movement timing difference and the total duration of the complete swallowing action, and then the coordination score of each rehabilitation stage in the swallowing rehabilitation process is obtained.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The functional recovery indicators of swallowing function during the pharyngeal phase of swallowing rehabilitation determined by all coordination scores and the aspiration risk characteristics include: For each rehabilitation stage, obtaining an exponential decay term of the aspiration risk feature in the rehabilitation stage; The coordination score of the rehabilitation stage and the aspiration risk feature are integrated into the functional recovery value of the rehabilitation stage through the exponential decay term. The functional recovery value of each rehabilitation stage can be obtained through the above method. The functional recovery index of swallowing function in the pharyngeal stage of swallowing rehabilitation is determined based on all functional recovery values.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein The swallowing efficiency index extracted from the pre-collected swallowing records in swallowing rehabilitation specifically includes: Bolus transit time, laryngeal elevation, and mean pressure were obtained from pre-collected swallowing records; A swallowing efficiency index in swallowing rehabilitation is determined based on the bolus transit time, the laryngeal elevation amplitude, and the average pressure.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein Determining the rehabilitation deviation characteristics of the pharynx by using the swallowing efficiency index and the functional recovery index specifically includes: determining a degree of match between the swallowing efficiency index and the functional recovery index; The deviation degree of swallowing rehabilitation is evaluated by the matching degree to obtain the rehabilitation deviation characteristics of the pharynx.

8. An intelligent monitoring system for swallowing rehabilitation, the intelligent monitoring system for swallowing rehabilitation comprising a monitoring unit, characterized in that: The monitoring unit includes: An acquisition module is used to acquire swallowing acoustic signals and pharyngeal pressure waveforms of food boluses passing through the pharynx during swallowing rehabilitation, and then extract the high-frequency energy mutation of cough sounds in the swallowing acoustic signals and the delay characteristics of food bolus passing through the pharynx in the pharyngeal pressure waveform; a processing module, configured to determine an aspiration risk characteristic of a pressure peak during swallowing rehabilitation based on the high-frequency energy mutation amount and the delay characteristic, and to activate an audible and visual alarm during swallowing rehabilitation when the aspiration risk characteristic is greater than a risk threshold during swallowing rehabilitation, and to obtain biomechanical information during swallowing rehabilitation after the audible and visual alarm; The processing module is further configured to determine the coordination scores of each rehabilitation stage during the swallowing rehabilitation process based on the laryngeal-myoelectric motion timing difference in the biomechanical information, and further determine the functional recovery index of the swallowing function during the pharyngeal phase of the swallowing rehabilitation process based on all the coordination scores and the aspiration risk characteristics; The execution module is used to extract the swallowing efficiency index in swallowing rehabilitation from the pre-collected swallowing records, and then determine the rehabilitation deviation characteristics of the pharynx through the swallowing efficiency index and the functional recovery index, and personalize the swallowing rehabilitation plan after the sound and light alarm based on the rehabilitation deviation characteristics.

9. A computer device, characterized in that: The computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program from the memory, so that the computer device executes the intelligent monitoring method for swallowing rehabilitation according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions or codes, and when the instructions or codes are executed on a computer, the computer implements the intelligent monitoring method for swallowing rehabilitation according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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