System for strengthening carbon dioxide mineralization of alkali-based solid waste by micro-nano bubbles

Abstract

This invention discloses a system for enhancing the mineralization of carbon dioxide from alkaline solid waste using micro-nano bubbles. The system comprises a micro-nano bubble generation and injection unit, a mineralization reaction unit, and a circulating water treatment unit. The micro-nano bubble generation and injection unit includes a micro-nano bubble generator, a gas supply pipeline, and a water supply pipeline. The mineralization reaction unit includes a mineralization reactor with a quartz sand filling layer and a nylon screen at its bottom. This invention innovatively utilizes micro-nano bubbles to enhance the gas-liquid-solid three-phase synergistic reaction process through a multi-unit integrated coupling design. Combining a column-type filling structure and a segmented reaction mechanism, it effectively improves carbon dioxide mass transfer efficiency and mineralization reaction rate. It also boasts advantages such as strong system adaptability, stable continuous operation, and flexible module deployment. It is suitable for scenarios involving the efficient treatment of alkaline solid waste and synergistic carbon dioxide sequestration, and possesses promising engineering application prospects and resource utilization value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of carbon dioxide harvesting technology, specifically relating to a system for mineralizing carbon dioxide from alkaline solid waste using micro-nano bubbles. Background Technology

[0002] Mineralization sequestration has attracted widespread attention due to its stable products, long-term storage, safety, and environmental friendliness. Industrial solid wastes rich in alkaline earth metal ions, such as fly ash, steel slag, and red mud, are ideal mineralization raw materials. They can not only achieve solid-state carbon dioxide sequestration, but also apply mineralized products to foundation filling, mine backfilling, and other scenarios, promoting the coordinated development of carbon emission reduction and solid waste reduction, harmlessness, and resource utilization.

[0003] Currently, research on the mineralization of carbon dioxide from alkaline solid waste has been widely reported, but the traditional three-phase gas-liquid-solid mineralization system still faces many bottlenecks: carbon dioxide has low solubility in water, and the gas-liquid mass transfer rate is slow, which limits the efficiency of the mineralization reaction. For example, the published patent number CN118545951B, entitled "A Method and Application of Nanocomposite Excited Solution-Enhanced Mineralization of Solid Waste Materials," although it improves the reaction rate to some extent, has high cost, complex system, and is difficult to apply industrially.

[0004] Micro- and nanobubbles, due to their large specific surface area, strong interfacial activity, and self-pressurizing dissolution properties, show promising application prospects in gas dissolution and interfacial reactions. In published patents such as CN102765797B and CN109304108B, the aforementioned technical solutions are mostly aimed at liquid-gas two-phase systems, with the application purpose of improving dissolved oxygen efficiency or pollutant degradation capacity. These differ significantly from the three-phase reaction characteristics and material adaptability in the alkaline solid waste carbon dioxide mineralization process. In the alkaline solid waste carbon dioxide mineralization process, in addition to solving the problem of gas mass transfer efficiency in water, it is also necessary to consider the multi-phase synergistic reaction mechanisms such as the surface reactivity of solid waste particles, metal ion dissolution behavior, and carbonate precipitation, placing higher demands on the reaction environment and bubble behavior. Currently, there is a lack of structured systems that effectively integrate micro- and nanobubble technology into this type of mineralization process. Especially in achieving efficient generation and uniform injection of micro- and nanobubbles, sufficient contact reaction with the solid waste mineralization medium, and optimized spatial configuration of the reaction area, existing technologies have not yet formed mature and feasible solutions.

[0005] Therefore, in order to address the above-mentioned technical problems, it is necessary to provide a system for mineralizing carbon dioxide from alkaline solid waste using micro-nano bubbles.

[0006] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a system for enhancing the mineralization of carbon dioxide from alkaline solid waste using micro-nano bubbles. Through multi-unit integrated coupling design, it innovatively utilizes micro-nano bubbles to enhance the gas-liquid-solid three-phase synergistic reaction process. Combining a column-type filling structure and a segmented reaction mechanism, it effectively improves the carbon dioxide mass transfer efficiency and mineralization reaction rate. It also has the advantages of strong system adaptability, stable continuous operation, and flexible module deployment. It is suitable for the synergistic application of alkaline solid waste treatment and carbon dioxide sequestration, and has good prospects for engineering promotion and resource utilization value.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, a specific embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A system for enhancing the mineralization of carbon dioxide from alkaline solid waste using micro-nano bubbles includes a micro-nano bubble generation and injection unit, a mineralization reaction unit, and a circulating water treatment unit. The micro-nano bubble generation and injection unit includes a micro-nano bubble generator, an air supply pipeline, and a water supply pipeline. The mineralization reaction unit includes a mineralization reactor with a quartz sand filling layer and a nylon screen at its bottom. The mineralization reaction unit is connected to the micro-nano bubble generation and injection unit. The circulating water treatment unit includes a circulating water tank, a circulating pump, a circulating water tank outlet gate, and a water replenishment pipeline. The water replenishment pipeline has a water replenishment gate and a surfactant addition port on a pair of opposite ends. The circulating water tank is filled with surfactants.

[0010] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the upper end face of the micro-nano bubble generator is provided with a micro-nano bubble generator air inlet, the water supply pipeline includes a micro-nano bubble generator water inlet and a micro-nano bubble generator water inlet valve, the micro-nano bubble generator water inlet is connected to the output end of the circulating water treatment unit, and the air supply pipeline includes an air valve, an air flow meter, a carbon dioxide valve and a carbon dioxide flow meter, all of which are connected to the micro-nano bubble generator air inlet.

[0011] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the micro-nano bubble generator is connected to an air gas pipeline and a carbon dioxide gas supply pipeline. The gas flow rate is regulated by an inlet valve and a flow meter before being introduced into the micro-nano bubble generator. The micro-nano bubble generator includes a shell, a venturi tube, a gas-liquid mixing pump, a dissolved gas pressure tank, and a micro-nano bubble nozzle. The venturi tube is located inside the shell. The gas-liquid mixing pump is connected upstream of the venturi tube, and the dissolved gas pressure tank is connected downstream of the venturi tube. At least one micro-nano bubble nozzle is located on the shell. The outlet of the micro-nano bubble generator is connected to a micro-nano bubble water transfer tank. The inner wall end face of the micro-nano bubble water transfer tank is provided with a first liquid phase carbon dioxide concentration sensor, a first gas phase carbon dioxide concentration sensor, and an online pH meter. The outlet valve of the micro-nano bubble water transfer tank and a first booster pump are sequentially connected to one end face of the micro-nano bubble water transfer tank. A first liquid flow meter is provided on one end face of the first booster pump.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the micro / nano bubble generating and injection unit further includes a laser particle size analyzer, which is disposed on the inner wall end face of the micro / nano bubble water transfer tank. The mineralization reaction unit further includes a mineralization reactor inlet gate, a mineralization reactor feed inlet electric gate valve, a mineralization reactor discharge inlet electric gate valve, a solid waste material bin, a first belt weighing feeder, a screw feeder, a first variable frequency motor, a motor, and a reducer.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the system for enhancing the mineralization of carbon dioxide from alkaline solid waste by micro-nano bubbles further includes a flue gas pretreatment and cooling module and a carbon dioxide separation module.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a mineralization reactor inlet and a mineralization reactor feed inlet electric gate valve are sequentially arranged on the top end face of the mineralization reactor. A mineralization reactor feed port is arranged on the top end face of the mineralization reactor feed inlet electric gate valve. A first belt weighing feeder is arranged on one side end face of the mineralization reactor. A solid waste material bin is arranged on the upper end face of the first belt weighing feeder. The mineralization reactor feed port is located on the upper end face of the first belt weighing feeder. A front sampling port, a middle sampling port, and a mineralization reactor discharge port electric gate valve are sequentially arranged on the bottom end face of the mineralization reactor. A mineralization reactor discharge port is arranged on the bottom end face of the mineralization reactor discharge port electric gate valve. A mineralization reactor inlet gate is arranged between the mineralization reactor inlet and the first booster pump. A temperature sensor, a first pressure sensor, and an ultrasonic level gauge are arranged on the internal end face of the mineralization reactor. The first belt weighing feeder is driven by a first variable frequency motor. The screw feeder is driven by a motor and a reducer.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the circulating water treatment unit further includes a screen filter, a second gas phase carbon dioxide concentration sensor, and a second liquid flow meter. The inner wall end face of the circulating water tank is respectively provided with the second gas phase carbon dioxide concentration sensor, the second liquid phase carbon dioxide concentration sensor, and the second pressure sensor. One side end face of the circulating water tank is sequentially connected to a water replenishment gate, a water replenishment pipeline, and a surfactant addition port. The lower end face of the circulating water tank located below the water replenishment gate is sequentially connected to the circulating water tank outlet gate, a circulating pump, a screen filter, and the second liquid flow meter.

[0016] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the mineralization product processing unit includes a mineralization product silo, a second belt weighing feeder, a second variable frequency motor, a slurry mixing tank, a slurry water supply gate, a first slurry pump, a second slurry pump, a second booster pump, and a jet nozzle. A vibrating online viscometer is installed on one end face of the slurry mixing tank. The jet nozzle is connected to the slurry water supply pipeline and the second slurry pump. The jet nozzle is located inside the slurry mixing tank. The jet nozzle is sequentially connected to the second booster pump and the slurry water supply gate. A second belt weighing feeder and a mineralization product silo are installed on one end face of the slurry mixing tank. The discharge port of the mineralization reactor is aligned with the mineralization product silo. The second belt weighing feeder is connected to the second variable frequency motor. An electric gate valve for the mineralization product discharge port and a second slurry pump are respectively installed on one end face of the slurry mixing tank. The first slurry pump is located between the vibrating online viscometer and the slurry mixing tank.

[0017] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the mineralization reactor is a vertical column reactor, which includes a vertical column reactor micro-nano bubble water injection component. The vertical column reactor micro-nano bubble water injection component is provided with multiple vertical column reactor packing ports, the number of which is 3 to 5. At the bottom of the vertical column reactor packing ports, a detachable flange, a vertical column reactor quartz sand filling section, a vertical column reactor nylon screen, and a reactor base are sequentially provided. At the bottom of the reactor base, a vertical column reactor outlet is provided. The quartz sand particle size of the vertical column reactor quartz sand filling section is 0.1-1.2 mm, and the filling thickness is 100-1000 mm.

[0018] A method for applying a system for mineralizing carbon dioxide from alkaline solid waste using micro-nano bubbles includes the following steps;

[0019] S1: Start the first belt weighing feeder and the first variable frequency motor to send the alkaline solid waste to the feed port of the mineralization reactor;

[0020] S2: Start the electric motor, reducer and electric gate valve at the feed port of the mineralization reactor. Fill the mineralization silo with dry alkaline solid waste material through the screw feeder. According to the requirements of the reaction conditions, start the air compressor to compact the solid waste material to form a dense solid reaction bed, or provide the pressure environment required for the reaction process.

[0021] S3: Turn on the air pressure pump, carbon dioxide supply line, water replenishment line, circulation pump and micro-nano bubble generator to prepare micro-nano bubble water. Turn on the first booster pump to inject the micro-nano bubble water from the inlet of the mineralization reactor. The bubbles fully react with the alkaline solid waste as they pass through the solid waste packing layer. The reaction liquid overflows from the outlet of the mineralization reactor and, after passing through the screen filter to remove particulate impurities, returns to the circulating water treatment unit, realizing the continuous liquid phase closed loop and mineralization reaction.

[0022] S4: Sequentially open the electric gate valve at the discharge port of the mineralization reactor, the second belt weighing feeder, the second variable frequency motor, and the second booster pump to transport the mineralization products and flushing water to the slurry mixing tank for thorough mixing and preparation of slurry.

[0023] S5: Start the second slurry pump, open the electric gate valve of the mineral product discharge port, and transport the slurry to the designated area through the pipeline, or carry out grouting operations in the goaf.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the micro-nano bubble enhanced alkaline solid waste carbon dioxide mineralization system of the present invention has the following advantages;

[0025] 1) Micro- and nano bubble technology significantly increases the gas-liquid interface area and improves the mass transfer rate by forming a large number of micron- and nano-sized bubbles. At the same time, nano bubbles have self-pressurization and disintegration characteristics, which can exist stably in the liquid phase and continuously release carbon dioxide, greatly improving the dissolution efficiency and utilization rate of carbon dioxide.

[0026] 2) The micro / nano bubble generating unit used in this invention integrates a venturi tube structure with dual air inlets, enabling the separate introduction of carbon dioxide and auxiliary gas. By adjusting the flow rate ratio of each gas path, the gas phase concentration and shear strength are controlled, thereby optimizing the bubble size and distribution, and enhancing bubble stability and reaction adaptability. The system is simultaneously equipped with gas and liquid phase carbon dioxide concentration sensors, a pH meter, and laser particle size distribution monitoring elements, which can collect the physical properties of the micro / nano bubble water in real time and feed them back to the preparation module. This ensures that the bubble generation process is stable, adjustable, and controllable, providing a continuous, homogeneous, and efficient gas-liquid dispersion system for subsequent alkaline solid waste mineralization reactions.

[0027] 3) The mineralization reaction module of this invention adopts a transverse columnar structure design, featuring large processing capacity and no need for stirring. This transverse columnar structure replaces the traditional stirred reactor, significantly enhancing mass transfer efficiency and carbonation reaction depth by extending the coexistence time and contact interface of the gas, liquid, and solid phases in the reaction path. This structure can adapt to high feed flow conditions, maintaining thorough mixing without mechanical stirring, reducing energy consumption and equipment complexity, while effectively increasing processing capacity per unit time. A filtration system consisting of a quartz sand filling section and a nylon screen structure at the bottom of the reactor flows into the circulating water unit. Combined with the pressure difference created by the air compressor, dynamic circulation and elution of micro-nano bubble water is achieved, reducing bubble loss and avoiding water waste. The module also integrates multiple sensors for temperature, pressure, and material level, enabling real-time acquisition, analysis, and feedback of key reaction parameters. This provides data support and a basis for automatic control of the reaction system, ensuring continuous, efficient, and stable operation of the mineralization process.

[0028] 4) The system has a compact structure, high reaction efficiency, low energy consumption, good scalability and on-site adaptability, and can be widely used in the fields of industrial solid waste resource utilization and carbon sequestration. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system for enhancing the mineralization of carbon dioxide from alkaline solid waste using micro-nano bubbles in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the micro / nano bubble generation and injection unit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mineralization reaction unit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circulating water treatment unit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the mineralization product processing unit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the micro / nano bubble generator in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical column reactor in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0037] Explanation of key figure labels:

[0038] 1-Micro / nano bubble generation and injection unit; 2-Mineralization reaction unit; 3-Circulating water treatment unit; 4-Mineralization product treatment unit; 5-Air pump; 6-Carbon dioxide supply pipeline; 7-Air valve; 8-Carbon dioxide valve; 9-Air flow meter; 10-Carbon dioxide flow meter; 11-Inlet of micro / nano bubble generator; 12-Micro / nano bubble generator; 13-Inlet of micro / nano bubble generator; 14-Inlet valve of micro / nano bubble generator; 15-Laser particle size analyzer; 16-Micro / nano bubble water transfer tank; 17-Micro / nano bubble generator. 18-First liquid phase carbon dioxide concentration sensor, 19-First gas phase carbon dioxide concentration sensor, 20-pH online measuring meter, 21-Outlet valve of micro-nano bubble water transfer tank, 22-First booster pump, 23-First liquid flow meter, 24-Mineralization reactor inlet gate valve, 25-Mineralization reactor inlet, 26-Solid waste material bin, 27-First belt weighing feeder, 28-First variable frequency motor, 29-Mineralization reactor feed port, 30-Mineralization reactor inlet electric gate valve, 31-Motor, 32-Reducer, 33-Gas storage tank, 34-Air Gas compressor, 35-front sampling port, 36-middle sampling port, 37-screw feeder, 38-temperature sensor, 39-ultrasonic level gauge, 40-first pressure sensor, 41-quartz sand filling layer, 42-mineralization reactor, 43-nylon screen, 44-mineralization reactor outlet, 45-mineralization reactor discharge port electric gate valve, 46-mineralization reactor discharge port, 47-second gas phase carbon dioxide concentration sensor, 48-second liquid phase carbon dioxide concentration sensor, 49-second pressure sensor, 50-water replenishment gate valve, 51-water replenishment pipeline, 52-circulation pump, 5 3-Circulating water tank outlet gate, 54-Circulating water tank, 55-Second liquid flow meter, 56-Mineralized product silo, 57-Second belt weighing feeder, 58-Second variable frequency motor, 59-Vibrating online viscometer, 60-First slurry pump, 61-Slurry mixing and water supply gate, 62-Second booster pump, 63-Jet nozzle, 64-Slurry mixing tank, 65-Mineralized product discharge port electric gate valve, 66-Second slurry pump, 67-Screen filter, 68-Surfactant addition port, 69-Gas-liquid mixing pump, 70-Venturi tube, 71-Dissolved gas pressure tank, 72-Micro-nano bubble nozzle. 73-Packing inlet of vertical column reactor; 74-Micro-nano bubble water injection component of vertical column reactor; 75-Vertical column reactor; 76-Removable flange; 77-Reactor base; 78-Outlet of vertical column reactor; 79-Quartz sand filling section of vertical column reactor; 80-Nylon screen of vertical column reactor. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this invention. Example 1

[0040] like Figures 1-5 As shown in the figure, a micro-nano bubble enhanced alkaline solid waste carbon dioxide mineralization system in one embodiment of the present invention includes a micro-nano bubble generation and injection unit 1, a mineralization reaction unit 2, a circulating water treatment unit 3, and a mineralization product treatment unit 4. It is a micro-nano bubble carbon dioxide mineralization device applicable to alkaline industrial solid waste. Through the innovative design of the device structure, the synergistic contact efficiency between the gas, liquid, and solid phases is improved, expanding the depth and breadth of application of micro-nano bubble technology in the field of carbon sequestration.

[0041] The micro / nano bubble generating and injection unit 1 includes a micro / nano bubble generating device 12, a gas supply pipeline, and a water supply pipeline. The gas supply pipeline is used to regulate and monitor the gas flow rate.

[0042] The upper end face of the micro-nano bubble generator 12 is provided with a micro-nano bubble generator air inlet 11. The water supply pipeline includes a micro-nano bubble generator water inlet 13 and a micro-nano bubble generator water inlet valve 14. The micro-nano bubble generator water inlet 13 is connected to the output end of the circulating water treatment unit 3.

[0043] The gas supply pipeline includes an air valve 7, an air flow meter 9, a carbon dioxide valve 8, and a carbon dioxide flow meter 10. All of these are connected to the air inlet 11 of the micro / nano bubble generator. The gas supply pipeline is connected to the air inlet 11 of the micro / nano bubble generator at the top of the micro / nano bubble generator 12. The water outlet 17 of the micro / nano bubble generator is installed at the bottom of the micro / nano bubble generator 12 and is connected to the micro / nano bubble water transfer tank 16. One end of the first booster pump 22 is connected to the micro / nano bubble water transfer tank 16, and the other end is connected to the top of the mineralization reaction unit 2. The water inlet 13 of the micro / nano bubble generator, installed in the middle of the micro / nano bubble generator 12, is connected to the pipeline of the circulating water treatment unit 3.

[0044] Preferably, the flow rate of the gas supply pipeline is 0-2 m3 / h.

[0045] like Figures 1-6As shown, the micro-nano bubble generator 12 includes an outer shell, a venturi tube 70, a gas-liquid mixing pump 69, a dissolved gas pressure tank 71, and a micro-nano bubble nozzle 72. The venturi tube 70 is located inside the outer shell. The gas-liquid mixing pump 69 is connected upstream of the venturi tube 70, and the dissolved gas pressure tank 71 is connected downstream of the venturi tube 70, which is used to improve the uniformity of gas-liquid mixing and the efficiency of micro-nano bubble generation.

[0046] The outer casing is equipped with at least one micro-nano bubble nozzle 72 located at the water outlet end, used to uniformly spray the generated micro-nano bubble water into the micro-nano bubble water transfer tank 16. The outlet 17 of the micro-nano bubble generator is connected to the micro-nano bubble water transfer tank 16 for temporary storage of the generated micro-nano bubble water. The inner wall end face of the micro-nano bubble water transfer tank 16 is equipped with a first gas phase carbon dioxide concentration sensor 19, a first liquid phase carbon dioxide concentration sensor 18, and an online pH meter 20 for real-time monitoring of the composition and reaction environment of the bubble water. The outlet valve 21 and the first booster pump 22 are sequentially connected to one end face of the micro-nano bubble water transfer tank 16. A first liquid flow meter 23 is provided on one end face of the first booster pump 22 for adjusting and monitoring the delivery flow rate of the micro-nano bubble water.

[0047] Furthermore, the micro-nano bubble generator 12 is connected to an air gas pipeline and a carbon dioxide gas supply pipeline 6, and the gas flow rate is regulated by an inlet valve and a flow meter before being introduced into the micro-nano bubble generator 12. The carbon dioxide gas supply pipeline 6 and the air gas pipeline are respectively connected to the micro-nano bubble generator inlet 11 of the micro-nano bubble generator 12 to achieve multi-source gas mixing and supply.

[0048] The micro / nano bubble generation and injection unit 1 also includes a laser particle size analyzer 15, which is installed on the inner wall end face of the micro / nano bubble water transfer tank 16 to monitor the micro / nano bubble particle size distribution in real time in order to optimize the generation parameters and reaction efficiency.

[0049] The mineralization reaction unit 2 includes a mineralization reactor 42, which has a quartz sand filling layer 41 and a nylon screen 43 at its bottom for solid-liquid separation. The mineralization reaction unit 2 is connected to the micro-nano bubble generation and injection unit 1. The feeding amount of the mineralization reactor 42 is precisely controlled by the first belt weighing feeder 27.

[0050] The mineralization reaction unit 2 also includes a mineralization reactor inlet gate 24, a mineralization reactor feed inlet electric gate valve 30, a mineralization reactor discharge inlet electric gate valve 45, a solid waste material bin 26, a first belt weighing feeder 27 and a screw feeder 37, a first variable frequency motor 28, a motor 31 and a reducer 32. The mineralization reactor 42 is equipped with a temperature sensor 38, a first pressure sensor 40 and an ultrasonic level gauge 39 for monitoring the reaction temperature, pressure and packing height.

[0051] The top end face of the mineralization reactor 42 is sequentially provided with a mineralization reactor inlet 25 and a mineralization reactor feed inlet electric gate valve 30. The top end face of the mineralization reactor feed inlet electric gate valve 30 is provided with a mineralization reactor feed port 29. The interior of the mineralization reactor 42 is equipped with a first belt weighing feeder 27. The mineralization reactor inlet 25 is installed on the upper side of the first belt weighing feeder 27. The mineralization reactor feed port 29 is located on the upper end face of the first belt weighing feeder 27. The bottom end face of the mineralization reactor 42 is sequentially provided with a front sampling port 35, a middle sampling port 36, and a mineralization reactor discharge port electric gate valve 45.

[0052] Specifically, the first gaseous carbon dioxide concentration sensor 19 and the electric gate valve 30 at the feed inlet of the mineralization reactor are installed on the right side of the inlet 25 of the mineralization reactor. A first belt weighing feeder 27 is installed above it, and a solid waste material bin 26 is installed above that. The first belt weighing feeder 27, a quartz sand filling layer 41, and a nylon screen 43 are installed inside the mineralization reactor 42. The outlet 44 of the mineralization reactor is installed at the end of the column of the mineralization reactor 42 and connected to the circulating water treatment unit 3. The lower part of the column is equipped with an electric gate valve 45 for the discharge port of the mineralization reactor and a discharge port 46 for the mineralization reactor, which are connected to the mineralization reaction unit 2. A gate valve 24 for the inlet of the mineralization reactor is provided between the inlet 25 of the mineralization reactor and the first booster pump 22. A temperature sensor 38, a first pressure sensor 40 and an ultrasonic level gauge 39 are provided on the internal end face of the mineralization reactor 42 for monitoring. A front sampling port 35 and a middle sampling port 36 are provided at the lower part of the mineralization reactor 42 for easy sampling and analysis.

[0053] The first belt weighing feeder 27 is driven by the first variable frequency motor 28 to adjust and monitor the addition rate of alkaline solid waste. The mineralization reactor 42 is equipped with a screw feeder 37, including a motor 31 and a reducer 32, which is driven by the motor 31 and the reducer 32. To maintain the reaction pressure and air environment, the motor 31, together with the reducer 32, controls the screw feeder 37 to adjust the rate of the mineralization reaction. The system is also equipped with an air compressor 34 and a connected air storage tank 33 to assist in air intake and maintain the internal air pressure conditions of the reactor, and can also be used for circulating water filtration.

[0054] The inlet 25, feed inlet 29, and discharge outlet 46 of the mineralization reactor are controlled to open and close via the inlet gate 24, feed inlet electric gate valve 30, and discharge outlet electric gate valve 45, respectively. The inlet gate 24 controls the water intake; the feed inlet 29 controls the addition of solid waste via the feed inlet electric gate valve 30; the discharge outlet 46 discharges the mineralized products via the discharge outlet electric gate valve 45; the outlet 44 is connected to the circulating water treatment unit 3; and the air compressor 34 is connected to the air storage tank 33 to control the internal air pressure of the mineralization reactor 42, thereby enhancing the reaction rate through pressurization or filtration.

[0055] The front sampling port 35 and the middle sampling port 36 are used for sampling and detection at different reaction stages. The temperature sensor 38 is used to detect the reaction temperature, the first pressure sensor 40 is used to monitor the internal pressure of the reactor, and the ultrasonic level gauge 39 is used to monitor the solid waste filling level. The solid waste originates from the solid waste material silo 26 set on the system.

[0056] Preferably, the first belt weighing feeder 27 has a feeding rate range of 0-5 t / h, the air compressor 34 has a working pressure range of 0-30 MPa, the gas mass flow rate range of 0-4 kg / s, the water supply pipeline 51 has a flow rate range of 0-60 m3 / h, and the second belt weighing feeder 57 has a feeding rate range of 0-5 t / h.

[0057] The circulating water treatment unit 3 includes a circulating water tank 54, a circulating pump 52, a circulating water tank outlet gate 53, and a water replenishment pipeline 51. The water replenishment pipeline 51 has a water replenishment gate 50 and a surfactant addition port 68 on a pair of opposite end faces. The circulating water tank 54 is filled with surfactant, which is added to enhance the number of micro-nano bubbles generated.

[0058] The inner wall end face of the circulating water tank 54 is respectively equipped with a second gas phase carbon dioxide concentration sensor 47, a second liquid phase carbon dioxide concentration sensor 48, and a second pressure sensor 49. One end face of the circulating water tank 54 is sequentially connected to a water replenishment gate 50, a water replenishment pipeline 51, and a surfactant addition port 68. The lower end face of the circulating water tank 54 located below the water replenishment gate 50 is sequentially connected to a circulating water tank outlet gate 53, a circulating pump 52, a screen filter 67, and a second liquid flow meter 55. That is, the circulating water tank 54 is connected to the micro-nano bubble generation and injection unit 1 and the mineralization reaction unit 2 through the circulating pump 52. The outlet pipeline of the circulating water tank 54 is equipped with a circulating water tank outlet gate 53, a second liquid flow meter 55, and a screen filter 67 for controlling, monitoring, and removing impurities.

[0059] The circulating water tank 54 is used to store and recycle the effluent from the mineralization reactor 42. The circulating pump 52 is connected between the circulating water tank 54 and the micro / nano bubble generator 12, and is used to pressurize and transport the circulating water to the micro / nano bubble generation and injection unit 1. The outlet gate 53 of the circulating water tank is used to control the flow of circulating water from the circulating water tank 54 to the pump. The replenishment water pipeline 51 is used to replenish the system water volume loss caused by evaporation or loss. Its inlet is equipped with a replenishment water gate 50, and it is also equipped with a surfactant addition port 68 to enhance the generation of micro / nano bubbles.

[0060] Preferably, the system is equipped with several sensors and monitoring devices. The second gas phase carbon dioxide concentration sensor 47 is used to monitor the carbon dioxide concentration in the gas section of the circulation system, the second liquid phase carbon dioxide concentration sensor 48 is used to monitor the dissolved carbon dioxide concentration in the liquid phase, the second pressure sensor 49 is used to detect the change in gas phase pressure in the circulating water tank, and the second liquid flow meter 55 is used to detect the change in water flow rate leaving the circulation system, so as to realize the closed-loop feedback of system regulation.

[0061] The circulating water treatment unit 3 also includes a screen filter 67, a second gas phase carbon dioxide concentration sensor 47, and a second liquid flow meter 55. The screen filter 67 is used to filter particulate impurities in the water and prevent the micro-nano bubble generator 12 from clogging. The second gas phase carbon dioxide concentration sensor 47, the second liquid phase carbon dioxide concentration sensor 48, the second pressure sensor 49, and the second liquid flow meter 55 are used to comprehensively monitor the operating status of the water circulation system.

[0062] The mineralized product processing unit 4 includes a mineralized product silo 56, a second belt weighing feeder 57, a second variable frequency motor 58, a slurry mixing tank 64, a slurry mixing water supply gate 61, a first slurry pump 60, a second slurry pump 66, a second booster pump 62, and a jet nozzle 63. A vibrating online viscometer 59 is installed on one end face of the slurry mixing tank 64. The jet nozzle 63 is connected to the slurry mixing water supply pipeline and the second slurry pump 66. The jet nozzle 63 is located inside the slurry mixing tank 64. The jet nozzle 63 is sequentially connected to... A second booster pump 62 and a slurry supply gate 61 are connected. A second belt weighing feeder 57 and a mineralization product silo 56 are installed on one side of the slurry mixing tank 64. The discharge port 46 of the mineralization reactor is aligned with the mineralization product silo 56. The second belt weighing feeder 57 is connected to a second variable frequency motor 58. An electric gate valve 65 for the mineralization product discharge port and a second slurry pump 66 are respectively installed on one side of the slurry mixing tank 64. The first slurry pump 60 is located between the vibrating online viscometer 59 and the slurry mixing tank 64.

[0063] The mineralized product silo 56, the second belt weighing feeder 57, the second variable frequency motor 58, and the slurry mixing tank 64 are used for temporary storage, metering, and slurry mixing of the mineralized products. A slurry supply gate 61, a first slurry pump 60, a second slurry pump 66, a second booster pump 62, and a jet nozzle 63 enable efficient transport and mixing of the mineralized products. The slurry mixing tank 64 has a second booster pump 62 and a jet nozzle 63 on one end for slurry preparation; it can also be used for pressurized flushing when the mineralized carbon dioxide products cause blockage. The mineralized product processing unit 4 includes a vibratory online viscometer 59 for real-time monitoring of the rheological properties of the mineralized slurry. The jet nozzle 63 is connected to the slurry supply pipeline, and high-speed jetting of slurry water mixes the mineralized products with water to form a slurry, which, in conjunction with the second slurry pump 66, forms a circulating flow to achieve enhanced mixing of the slurry.

[0064] Specifically, the mineralized product silo 56 is installed above the second belt weighing feeder 57, and the slurry mixing tank 64 is installed below it. The mineralized product silo 56 is used to temporarily store the mineralized products discharged from the mineralization reactor 42. The second belt weighing feeder 57 is located below the silo and is used to measure and transport the mineralized products. The second variable frequency motor 58 drives the second belt weighing feeder 57, and the speed of the second belt weighing feeder 57 is controlled by the second variable frequency motor 58 to adjust and monitor the addition rate of the mineralized products. Adjustable speed enables precise feeding control; the first slurry pump 60 pumps the initial mineralized product slurry to the mixing tank 64; the mixing water supply gate 61 controls the amount of water added to provide the required water source for the jet nozzle 63; the jet nozzle 63 is installed above the mixing tank 64, and the second booster pump 62 upstream of its pipeline receives circulating water from the circulating water treatment unit 3; the electric gate valve 65 of the mineralized product discharge port is installed at the bottom of the mixing tank 64, and the discharge is controlled by the second slurry pump 66. The jet nozzle 63 is connected to the slurry supply system. Through the high-speed water jet, the slurry water is injected into the mineralized products in the slurry mixing tank, thereby promoting the initial mixing of the slurry. The second slurry pump 66 is installed outside the slurry mixing tank 64 to form an internal circulation flow of the slurry. It works in conjunction with the jet mixing to further enhance the uniformity of the slurry mixing. The second booster pump 62 is used to transport the slurry to the subsequent treatment or utilization system after it is uniformly mixed. The electric gate valve 65 at the mineralized product discharge port controls the final slurry discharge process. The vibratory online viscometer 59 is installed on the slurry mixing tank or its discharge pipeline to monitor the rheological properties (such as viscosity) of the mineralized products in real time and provide feedback parameters for the automatic control of the system.

[0065] Taking the mineralization of carbon dioxide from common high-calcium fly ash as an example, traditional carbon sequestration methods inject carbon dioxide into the reaction system under high pressure, requiring large stirring devices to promote mass transfer. However, due to the poor dispersibility of carbon dioxide, the utilization rate of traditional methods is low, and the stability of the high-pressure system is poor. In contrast, this technology significantly improves the solubility of carbon dioxide by introducing micro- and nano-bubbles. According to Henry's Law, at room temperature and pressure (25 °C, 1 atm), the solubility of carbon dioxide in water is approximately 1.47 g / L; while under micro- and nano-bubble conditions, according to the Laplace pressure correction equation, bubbles with a size of 100 nm can increase the solubility of carbon dioxide to 17.86 g / L. By introducing carbon dioxide into high-calcium fly ash in the form of micro- and nano-bubbles, the dispersibility and solubility of carbon dioxide can be significantly enhanced under room temperature and pressure conditions, thereby greatly improving the utilization efficiency of carbon dioxide and promoting the efficient mineralization reaction.

[0066] A method for applying a system for mineralizing carbon dioxide from alkaline solid waste using micro-nano bubbles includes the following steps;

[0067] S1: Start the first belt weighing feeder 27 and the first variable frequency motor 28 to send the alkaline solid waste to the feed port 29 of the mineralization reactor;

[0068] S2: Start the motor 31, reducer 32 and electric gate valve 30 at the feed port of the mineralization reactor. Fill the mineralization silo with dry alkaline solid waste material through the screw feeder 37. According to the requirements of the reaction conditions, start the air compressor 34 to compact the solid waste material to form a dense solid reaction bed or provide the pressure environment required for the reaction process.

[0069] S3: Turn on the air pressure pump 5, carbon dioxide supply pipeline 6, water replenishment pipeline 51, circulation pump 52 and micro-nano bubble generator 12 to prepare micro-nano bubble water. Turn on the first booster pump 22 to inject the micro-nano bubble water from the inlet 25 of the mineralization reactor. The bubbles fully react with the alkaline solid waste as they pass through the solid waste packing layer. The reaction liquid overflows from the outlet 44 of the mineralization reactor and, after passing through the screen filter 67 to remove particulate impurities, returns to the circulating water treatment unit 3, thus realizing the continuous operation of the liquid phase closed loop and the mineralization reaction.

[0070] S4: Sequentially open the electric gate valve 45 at the discharge port of the mineralization reactor, the second belt weighing feeder 57, the second variable frequency motor 58, and the second booster pump 62 to transport the mineralization products and flushing water to the slurry mixing tank 64 for thorough mixing and preparation of slurry. During the slurry preparation process, the first slurry pump 60 is responsible for the circulation of the slurry, while the jet nozzle 63 achieves thorough mixing of the slurry through high-speed jetting.

[0071] S5: Start the second slurry pump 66, open the electric gate valve 65 at the discharge port of the mineralized products, and transport the slurry to the designated area through the pipeline, or carry out grouting operations in the goaf. At this point, the overall system startup is complete, realizing the continuous carbon dioxide mineralization and engineering application of large-flow alkaline solid waste slurry.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] Compared to Example 1, this implementation differs in that it adopts a simplified micro-nano bubble mineralization system for small-batch, highly reactive alkaline solid waste materials to achieve modular equipment and rapid deployment.

[0074] The system retains the core structure of the micro-nano bubble generation and injection unit 1, the circulating water treatment unit 3, and the mineralization reaction unit 2, while eliminating the mineralization product treatment unit 4. It is suitable for applications where solid-liquid separation is followed by direct drying and utilization.

[0075] like Figure 7 As shown, the mineralization reactor 42 is a vertical column reactor 75. The vertical column reactor 75 includes a vertical column reactor micro-nano bubble water injection component 74. The vertical column reactor micro-nano bubble water injection component 74 is provided with multiple vertical column reactor packing ports 73. The number of vertical column reactor packing ports 73 is 3 to 5. The bottom of the vertical column reactor packing ports 73 is sequentially provided with a detachable flange 76, a vertical column reactor quartz sand filling section 79, a vertical column reactor nylon screen 80, and a reactor base 77. The bottom of the reactor base 77 is provided with a vertical column reactor outlet 78.

[0076] The vertical column reactor 75 does not have a screw feeder 37 inside, but instead uses a spray-type top liquid inlet method. The bubble water passes through the solid waste packing layer from the top and flows out to the bottom filter layer by gravity.

[0077] A method for applying a system for mineralizing carbon dioxide from alkaline solid waste using micro / nanobubbles includes the following steps:

[0078] S1: Disassemble the vertical column reactor micro / nano bubble water injection component 74 at the top of the vertical column reactor 75, and fill the interior of the vertical column reactor 75 manually or using a small screw conveyor to form a quantitative reaction bed. The thickness of the reaction bed can be preset according to the reaction efficiency and treatment cycle requirements;

[0079] S2: After the packing is completed, reinstall the vertical column reactor micro-nano bubble water injection component 74, start the micro-nano bubble generator 12 [for detailed steps, refer to Example 1], prepare micro-nano bubble water containing carbon dioxide, and evenly spray it into the vertical column reactor 75 through multiple nozzles at the top;

[0080] Preferably, the number of water inlets at the top of the micro-nano bubble water injection component 74 of the vertical column reactor is 3 to 5, and they are evenly arranged along the top of the vertical column reactor 75 to improve the uniformity of gas-liquid distribution.

[0081] S3: Micro-nano bubble water passes through the filler layer under gravity, achieving a full mineralization reaction with alkaline solid waste. The infiltrated liquid is filtered and purified through the quartz sand filling section 79 of the vertical column reactor at the bottom and the nylon screen 80 of the vertical column reactor, and then flows out through the outlet into the circulating water pool 54;

[0082] Preferably, the quartz sand particle size is 0.1-1.2 mm, and the filling thickness is 100-1000 mm;

[0083] More preferably, a three-layer gradation structure can be adopted: upper layer [coarse filter layer]: particle size 0.8-1.2 mm, thickness 300-400 mm; middle layer [transition layer]: particle size 0.5-0.8 mm, thickness 200-300 mm; lower layer [fine filter layer]: particle size 0.3-0.5 mm, thickness 100-200 mm.

[0084] More preferably, a nylon screen or filter cloth with a pore size of 20-50 μm is placed below the quartz sand layer; for high-precision applications, a filter cloth with a pore size of 5-25 μm can be used. The pore size selection should comprehensively consider water quality conditions, system operating pressure, and operation and maintenance costs.

[0085] S4: After the reaction is completed, the bottom filter layer structure, namely the quartz sand filling section 79 of the vertical column reactor and the nylon screen 80 of the vertical column reactor, is disassembled to discharge the mineralization reaction residue, which is convenient for small-scale repeated operation.

[0086] This system is particularly suitable for mineralization and carbon sequestration projects or laboratory exploratory experiments with small solid waste production, rapid reaction, and the need for low-cost deployment.

[0087] Example 3

[0088] This embodiment targets industrial flue gas carbon capture scenarios. The system is connected to the flue gas emission pipelines of coal-fired boilers, lime kilns, etc., and uses the flue gas carbon dioxide source to prepare micro-nano bubbles, thereby realizing on-site carbon conversion at the source.

[0089] In addition to retaining all the core units of Embodiment 1, the system structure adds a flue gas pretreatment and cooling module and a carbon dioxide separation / enrichment module [membrane separation or amine washing tower].

[0090] A method for applying a system for mineralizing carbon dioxide from alkaline solid waste using micro / nanobubbles includes the following steps:

[0091] S1: After pretreatment, the flue gas enters the carbon dioxide enrichment system and outputs high-concentration carbon dioxide to the micro-nano bubble generation and injection unit.

[0092] S2: After the micro-nano bubble water is formed, it is injected into the mineralization reactor according to the set flow rate and reacts with the continuously fed alkaline solid waste.

[0093] S3: The reaction liquid enters the water circulation system, and the mineralized products are discharged after stirring, slurryed and injected into the mine or used for building material recycling;

[0094] This system can realize on-site conversion and storage of industrial carbon, and is suitable for large stationary emission sources such as thermal power plants, cement plants, and steel smelting. It has significant carbon emission reduction value and engineering application prospects.

[0095] The effect of this application is:

[0096] Beneficial Effects 1) Compared to traditional pressurized dissolution methods, micro / nanobubble dissolution of carbon dioxide can achieve high dissolution efficiency even under normal temperature and pressure, and even moderate pressure conditions. Pressurized dissolution relies on Henry's Law, which significantly increases the solubility of carbon dioxide in liquids by increasing system pressure. However, its operation requires a closed, pressure-resistant system, resulting in high equipment costs and energy consumption. Furthermore, once depressurization is achieved, dissolved carbon dioxide is prone to escape, limiting its utilization rate. In contrast, micro / nanobubble technology significantly increases the gas-liquid interface area and improves the mass transfer rate by forming a large number of micron- and nano-sized bubbles. At the same time, nanobubbles have self-pressurizing and disintegration characteristics, allowing them to exist stably in the liquid phase and continuously release carbon dioxide, greatly improving the dissolution efficiency and utilization rate of carbon dioxide. According to Henry's Law, at 25 °C and 1 atm, the solubility of carbon dioxide in water is approximately 1.47 g / L; while under micro / nanobubble conditions, according to Laplace pressure correction, bubbles with a size of 100 nm can increase the solubility of carbon dioxide to 17.86 g / L. Under the same gas supply conditions, the carbon dioxide dissolution rate and final dissolved amount of the micro-nano bubble method are superior to those of the pressurized dissolution method. Furthermore, the system is safer to operate and consumes less energy, making it suitable for green and low-carbon carbon capture and mineralization processes. Therefore, in mineralization processes that do not require high temperature and high pressure, the micro-nano bubble method for dissolving carbon dioxide has significant technical and application advantages.

[0097] 2) The micro / nano bubble generating unit used in this invention integrates a venturi tube structure with dual air inlets, enabling the separate introduction of carbon dioxide and auxiliary gas. By adjusting the flow rate ratio of each gas path, the gas phase concentration and shear strength are controlled, thereby optimizing the bubble size and distribution, and enhancing bubble stability and reaction adaptability. The system is simultaneously equipped with gas and liquid phase carbon dioxide concentration sensors, a pH meter, and laser particle size distribution monitoring elements, which can collect the physical properties of the micro / nano bubble water in real time and feed them back to the preparation module. This ensures that the bubble generation process is stable, adjustable, and controllable, providing a continuous, homogeneous, and efficient gas-liquid dispersion system for subsequent alkaline solid waste mineralization reactions.

[0098] 3) The mineralization reaction module of this invention adopts a transverse columnar structure design, featuring large processing capacity and no need for stirring. This transverse columnar structure replaces the traditional stirred reactor, significantly enhancing mass transfer efficiency and carbonation reaction depth by extending the coexistence time and contact interface of the gas, liquid, and solid phases in the reaction path. This structure can adapt to high feed flow conditions, maintaining thorough mixing without mechanical stirring, reducing energy consumption and equipment complexity, while effectively increasing processing capacity per unit time. A filtration system consisting of a quartz sand filling section and a nylon screen structure at the bottom of the reactor flows into the circulating water unit. Combined with the pressure difference created by the air compressor, dynamic circulation and elution of micro-nano bubble water is achieved, reducing bubble loss and avoiding water waste. The module also integrates multiple sensors for temperature, pressure, and material level, enabling real-time acquisition, analysis, and feedback of key reaction parameters. This provides data support and a basis for automatic control of the reaction system, ensuring continuous, efficient, and stable operation of the mineralization process.

[0099] 4) This invention proposes a novel carbon dioxide mineralization system for alkaline solid waste based on enhanced mass transfer via micro-nano bubbles. This system is compact, highly efficient, and energy-efficient, possessing excellent scalability and on-site adaptability, and can be widely applied in the fields of industrial solid waste resource utilization and carbon sequestration. Compared to traditional carbon sequestration or alkaline solid waste treatment technologies, this technology exhibits significant advantages in terms of economy and environmental performance. Taking common high-calcium fly ash as an example, traditional carbon sequestration methods have low carbon dioxide utilization rates and poor system stability. This technology, by introducing micro-nano bubbles to improve the contact efficiency between carbon dioxide and the slurry interface, enables rapid completion of the carbonation reaction. Furthermore, this system demonstrates significant comprehensive benefits in synergistic applications with alkaline solid waste treatment in mining areas.

[0100] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0101] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A system for enhancing the mineralization of carbon dioxide from alkaline solid waste using micro-nano bubbles, characterized in that, Including: The micro / nano bubble generation and injection unit includes a micro / nano bubble generator, a gas supply pipeline, and a water supply pipeline; The mineralization reaction unit includes a mineralization reactor, the bottom of which is provided with a quartz sand filling layer and a nylon screen, and the mineralization reaction unit is connected to a micro-nano bubble generation and injection unit; The circulating water treatment unit includes a circulating water tank, a circulating pump, a gate valve at the outlet of the circulating water tank, and a water replenishment pipeline. A pair of opposite end faces of the water replenishment pipeline are respectively provided with a water replenishment gate valve and a surfactant addition port. The circulating water tank is filled with surfactant. The mineralized product processing unit includes a mineralized product silo, a second belt weighing feeder, a second variable frequency motor, a slurry mixing tank, a slurry mixing water supply gate, a first slurry pump, a second slurry pump, a second booster pump, and a jet nozzle. The upper end face of the micro-nano bubble generator is provided with an air inlet for the micro-nano bubble generator. The water supply pipeline includes a water inlet for the micro-nano bubble generator and a water inlet valve for the micro-nano bubble generator. The water inlet for the micro-nano bubble generator is connected to the output end of the circulating water treatment unit. The air supply pipeline includes an air valve, an air flow meter, a carbon dioxide valve, and a carbon dioxide flow meter. The air valve, air flow meter, carbon dioxide valve, and carbon dioxide flow meter are all connected to the air inlet for the micro-nano bubble generator. The micro-nano bubble generator is connected to an air gas pipeline and a carbon dioxide gas supply pipeline. The gas flow rate is regulated by an inlet valve and a flow meter before being introduced into the micro-nano bubble generator. The micro-nano bubble generator includes an outer shell, a venturi tube, a gas-liquid mixing pump, a dissolved gas pressure tank, and micro-nano bubble nozzles. The venturi tube is located inside the outer shell. The gas-liquid mixing pump is connected upstream of the venturi tube, and the dissolved gas pressure tank is connected downstream of the venturi tube. At least one micro-nano bubble nozzle is located on the outer shell. The outlet of the micro-nano bubble generator is connected to a micro-nano bubble water transfer tank. The inner wall of the micro-nano bubble water transfer tank is equipped with a first liquid-phase carbon dioxide concentration sensor, a first gas-phase carbon dioxide concentration sensor, and an online pH meter. One end face of the micro-nano bubble water transfer tank is sequentially connected to an outlet valve and a first booster pump. A first liquid flow meter is located on one end face of the first booster pump.

2. The system for enhancing the mineralization of carbon dioxide from basic solid waste using micro-nano bubbles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The micro-nano bubble generation and injection unit also includes a laser particle size analyzer, which is installed on the inner wall end face of the micro-nano bubble water transfer tank. The mineralization reaction unit also includes a mineralization reactor inlet gate, a mineralization reactor feed inlet electric gate valve, a mineralization reactor discharge inlet electric gate valve, a solid waste material bin, a first belt weighing feeder, a screw feeder, a first variable frequency motor, a motor, and a reducer.

3. The system for enhancing the mineralization of carbon dioxide from basic solid waste using micro-nano bubbles according to claim 2, characterized in that, The system for enhancing the mineralization of carbon dioxide from alkaline solid waste using micro-nano bubbles also includes a flue gas pretreatment and cooling module and a carbon dioxide separation module.

4. The system for enhancing the mineralization of carbon dioxide from basic solid waste using micro-nano bubbles according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top end face of the mineralization reactor is sequentially equipped with an electric gate valve for a mineralization reactor water inlet and a mineralization reactor feed inlet. The top end face of the electric gate valve for the mineralization reactor feed inlet is equipped with a mineralization reactor feed port. A first belt weighing feeder is installed on one side end face of the mineralization reactor. A solid waste material bin is installed on the upper end face of the first belt weighing feeder. The feed port of the mineralization reactor is located on the upper end face of the first belt weighing feeder. The bottom end face of the mineralization reactor is sequentially equipped with an electric gate valve for a front sampling port, a middle sampling port, and a mineralization reactor discharge port. The bottom end face of the electric gate valve for the mineralization reactor discharge port is equipped with a mineralization reactor discharge port. A mineralization reactor water inlet gate is installed between the mineralization reactor water inlet and the first booster pump. The internal end face of the mineralization reactor is equipped with a temperature sensor, a first pressure sensor, and an ultrasonic level gauge. The first belt weighing feeder is driven by a first variable frequency motor, and the screw feeder is driven by a motor and a reducer.

5. The system for enhancing the mineralization of carbon dioxide from basic solid waste using micro-nano bubbles according to claim 4, characterized in that, The circulating water treatment unit also includes a screen filter, a second gas phase carbon dioxide concentration sensor, and a second liquid flow meter. The inner wall end face of the circulating water tank is respectively equipped with a second gas phase carbon dioxide concentration sensor, a second liquid phase carbon dioxide concentration sensor, and a second pressure sensor. One side end face of the circulating water tank is connected in sequence to a water replenishment gate, a water replenishment pipeline, and a surfactant addition port. The lower end face of the circulating water tank located below the water replenishment gate is connected in sequence to a circulating water tank outlet gate, a circulating pump, a screen filter, and a second liquid flow meter.

6. The system for enhancing the mineralization of carbon dioxide from basic solid waste using micro-nano bubbles according to claim 5, characterized in that, A vibratory online viscometer is installed on one end face of the slurry mixing tank. The jet nozzle is connected to the slurry water supply pipeline and the second slurry pump. The jet nozzle is located inside the slurry mixing tank. The jet nozzle is connected in sequence to the second booster pump and the slurry water supply gate. A second belt weighing feeder and a mineralization product silo are installed on one end face of the slurry mixing tank. The discharge port of the mineralization reactor is aligned with the mineralization product silo. The second belt weighing feeder is connected to a second variable frequency motor. An electric gate valve for the mineralization product discharge port and a second slurry pump are respectively installed on one end face of the slurry mixing tank. The first slurry pump is located between the vibratory online viscometer and the slurry mixing tank.

7. The system for enhancing the mineralization of carbon dioxide from basic solid waste using micro-nano bubbles according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mineralization reactor is a vertical column reactor, which includes a vertical column reactor micro-nano bubble water injection component. The micro-nano bubble water injection component has multiple vertical column reactor packing inlets, with 3 to 5 inlets. At the bottom of each packing inlet, a detachable flange, a vertical column reactor quartz sand filling section, a vertical column reactor nylon screen, and a reactor base are sequentially arranged. At the bottom of the reactor base is a vertical column reactor outlet. The quartz sand in the vertical column reactor quartz sand filling section has a particle size of 0.1-1.2 mm and a filling thickness of 100-1000 mm.

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