Neurogenic bladder-anxiety coordinated regulation auxiliary system based on biofeedback

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical treatment, in particular to a neurogenic bladder-anxiety coordinated regulation auxiliary system based on biofeedback, which comprises a biofeedback module used for collecting physiological signals of a patient, a signal processing module used for processing and analyzing the physiological signals, extracting characteristic parameters, and sending the characteristic parameters to a server; the regulation and control module is used for generating a regulation and control signal according to the characteristic parameters, the intervention execution module is used for intervening the bladder function and anxiety emotion of the patient according to the regulation and control signal, and the neural feedback training device is used for conducting brain wave feedback training on the patient according to the regulation and control signal. The user interaction interface is used for displaying the physiological signals and the regulation and control signals and allowing a user to input personalized settings and feedback information, and the data storage module is used for storing the physiological signals, the regulation and control signals, the personalized settings and the feedback information. According to the system, through the synergistic effect of biological feedback and neural feedback, a personalized and non-invasive adjuvant therapy scheme is provided for a neurogenic bladder patient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical technology, and in particular to a neurogenic bladder-anxiety coordinated regulation auxiliary system based on biofeedback. Background Art

[0002] Neurogenic bladder is a condition characterized by abnormal bladder voiding function caused by nervous system dysfunction. Patients experience decreased bladder control, leading to frequent urination and incontinence. This condition also often places significant psychological stress on patients, leading to anxiety. This anxiety not only reduces their quality of life but can also further exacerbate bladder dysfunction, creating a vicious cycle.

[0003] Traditional treatments for neurogenic bladder mainly rely on medication, bladder training, or surgical intervention. However, these methods often have limited effectiveness and cannot address the anxiety caused by the disease. In addition, medication may cause side effects, while surgical intervention carries certain risks and complications.

[0004] Biofeedback technology has shown potential in the treatment of some diseases. However, existing biofeedback systems can only collect simple physiological signals, such as bladder pressure or electromyographic activity, and lack comprehensive monitoring and intervention of the patient's psychological state. Furthermore, these systems generally lack personalized control capabilities, making it impossible to provide precise treatment based on individual patient differences, and unable to achieve an organic combination of physiological signal collection, psychological state monitoring, and intervention. Therefore, the development of an auxiliary system that can comprehensively regulate neurogenic bladder function and anxiety is of great clinical significance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a neurogenic bladder-anxiety coordinated regulation auxiliary system based on biofeedback to solve the existing technical problems.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A biofeedback-based neurogenic bladder-anxiety coordinated control auxiliary system, comprising:

[0008] Biofeedback module, used to collect physiological signals from patients;

[0009] A signal processing module, used to process and analyze the physiological signal and extract characteristic parameters;

[0010] A control module, configured to generate a control signal according to the characteristic parameters;

[0011] an intervention execution module, configured to intervene in the patient's bladder function and anxiety according to the control signal;

[0012] A neurofeedback training device for performing brainwave feedback training on a patient according to the control signal;

[0013] A user interface for displaying physiological signals, regulating signals, and allowing users to input personalized settings and feedback information;

[0014] A data storage module for storing physiological signals, control signals, personalized settings and feedback information;

[0015] The central control module, as the system core scheduler, manages the data flow and control instructions between the above modules.

[0016] The biofeedback module is composed of a variety of non-invasive sensors, including:

[0017] The bladder pressure sensor uses an external pressure sensor attached to the patient's abdomen to measure the pressure during bladder filling and urination and collect bladder pressure signals;

[0018] The heart rate sensor uses a photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor, which is attached to the patient's wrist to measure the patient's heart rate and collect heart rate signals.

[0019] Skin conductance sensor: a skin conductance sensor is attached to the patient's finger or wrist to measure changes in the patient's skin conductance and collect skin conductance signals;

[0020] Respiratory rate sensor, using a respiratory belt or chest electrodes, is used to measure the chest movement of the patient when breathing and collect respiratory rate signals;

[0021] The brain wave sensor uses a head-mounted electroencephalogram (EEG) sensor to measure the patient's brain waves and collect brain wave signals.

[0022] The signal processing module is connected to the biofeedback module and includes:

[0023] A data preprocessing unit, configured to perform filtering, denoising, and normalization on the physiological signal;

[0024] a bladder pressure signal processing unit, configured to calculate the patient's bladder pressure and the bladder pressure change rate by analyzing the bladder pressure signal, thereby obtaining the patient's bladder pressure and the bladder pressure change rate;

[0025] A heart rate signal processing unit is used to calculate the patient's heart rate interval RR by analyzing the heart rate signal, and calculate the patient's heart rate variability based on the heart rate interval to obtain the patient's heart rate variability HRV, wherein the heart rate variability HRV includes: the standard deviation SDNN of the heart rate interval, the root mean square RMSSD of the difference between adjacent heart rate intervals, and the low frequency component LF and high frequency component HF of the heart rate interval signal in the frequency domain;

[0026] a skin conductance signal processing unit, configured to calculate the peak value, valley value, and rate of change of the patient's skin conductance by analyzing the skin conductance signal to obtain the patient's skin conductance level GSR, wherein the skin conductance level GSR includes: the average value GSR_mean of the skin conductance signal, the frequency and amplitude of SCR;

[0027] A respiratory signal processing unit is used to calculate the patient's respiratory rate and rhythm by analyzing the respiratory rate signal to obtain the patient's respiratory characteristic parameters;

[0028] The brain wave signal processing unit is used to obtain the patient's brain wave spectrum characteristics and power spectrum characteristics by analyzing the brain wave signal, and obtain the patient's brain wave characteristic parameters.

[0029] The control module is connected to the signal processing module and is used to generate a control signal according to the characteristic parameters, wherein:

[0030] The characteristic parameters include bladder pressure, bladder pressure change rate, heart rate variability, skin conductance level, respiratory characteristic parameters, and brain wave characteristic parameters;

[0031] The control signal includes:

[0032] Magnetic stimulation signal, set the bladder pressure change rate threshold range: 0.5cmH2O / s-1.0H2Ocm / s. If the bladder pressure change rate exceeds 0.5cmH2O but does not exceed 1.0H2Ocm / s, a magnetic stimulation signal is sent to the magnetic stimulation device;

[0033] Drug release signal, set the bladder pressure change rate threshold range: 1.0cmH2O / s-2.0H2Ocm / s. If the bladder pressure change rate exceeds 1.0cmH2O / s but does not exceed 2.0H2Ocm / s, an electrical stimulation signal is sent to the electrical stimulation device, or a drug release signal is sent to the drug release device;

[0034] An electrical stimulation signal is configured to set a bladder pressure change rate threshold of 2.0 cmH2O / s. If the bladder pressure change rate exceeds 2.0 cmH2O / s, an electrical stimulation signal is sent to the electrical stimulation device. The electrical stimulation signal includes signals for adjusting the electrical stimulation frequency, intensity, and pulse width.

[0035] Audio and video playback signals, based on changes in heart rate variability and skin conductance levels, send signals to audio and video playback devices to play music or videos:

[0036] To set the HRV threshold range:

[0037] Low threshold range: SDNN<50ms, RMSSD<20ms, LF / HF>2.0,

[0038] High threshold range: SDNN>100ms, RMSSD>50ms, LF / HF<1.0,

[0039] Set the skin conductance level GSR threshold range:

[0040] Low threshold range: GSR_mean<10μS, SCR frequency<1 time / min,

[0041] High threshold range: GSR_mean>30μS, SCR frequency>5 times / min,

[0042] Determine the patient's anxiety state:

[0043] If the patient's heart rate variability (HRV) is in the low threshold range and the patient's skin conductance (GSR) is in the high threshold range, the patient is judged to be in an anxious state. If the patient's heart rate variability (HRV) is in the high threshold range and the patient's skin conductance (GSR) is in the low threshold range, the patient is judged to be in a relaxed state.

[0044] If the patient is judged to be in an anxious state, a signal to play music or video is sent to the audio and video playback device;

[0045] Vibration massage signal: if the patient's heart rate or respiratory rhythm is detected to be elevated, a vibration massage signal is sent to the vibration massage device;

[0046] The brainwave feedback signal is sent to the neurofeedback training device according to the brainwave characteristic parameters.

[0047] The intervention execution module includes:

[0048] The electrical stimulation device uses flexible electrodes attached to the patient's abdomen. It adjusts the frequency, intensity, and pulse width of the electrical stimulation according to the electrical stimulation signal, transmits the electrical stimulation to the bladder and the nerve pathways around the bladder, and stimulates the patient to urinate.

[0049] The magnetic stimulation device uses a portable magnetic field generator installed on the patient's waist. It adjusts the frequency, intensity, direction and pulse pattern of the magnetic stimulation according to the magnetic stimulation signal, transmits the magnetic stimulation to the bladder and the perivesical nerve pathway, and regulates the perivesical nerve signal conduction;

[0050] The drug release device includes a drug storage unit, a control unit, and a drug release unit. The drug storage unit is used to store therapeutic drugs. The control unit is used to receive a control signal from a control module and control the release amount of the drug according to the drug release signal. The drug release unit is used to perform the drug release operation.

[0051] Audio and video playback equipment, used for playing audio of different volumes and types or videos of different contents to the patient according to the audio and video playback signal;

[0052] The vibration massage device is installed on the patient's shoulders, neck or waist and is used to massage the patient's shoulders, neck or waist according to the vibration massage signal.

[0053] The neurofeedback training device comprises:

[0054] A deep learning model, comprising a convolutional neural network (CNN), a long short-term memory (LSTM) network, a Transformer component, and a Softmax classifier, extracts spatial features of EEG characteristic parameters through the convolutional neural network (CNN), captures temporal series features of EEG characteristic parameters through the long short-term memory (LSTM) network, and extracts global spatiotemporal features of EEG characteristic parameters through the self-attention mechanism of the Transformer component. The spatial features extracted by the CNN and the temporal features extracted by the LSTM are fused and combined with the global features extracted by the Transformer to obtain comprehensive features. The comprehensive features are input into the Softmax classifier to classify the degree of relaxation, degree of concentration, and brain activity state, thereby obtaining the patient's degree of relaxation, degree of concentration, and brain activity state.

[0055] A visual feedback device, configured to receive brainwave feedback signals and generate visual feedback, including: a waveform diagram showing changes in the intensity of brainwaves in different frequency bands, a progress bar showing the patient's level of relaxation or concentration, and an animation showing the patient's brain activity status;

[0056] Auditory feedback devices, used to receive brainwave feedback signals and generate audio feedback, including: playing audio of different tones according to changes in the intensity or frequency of brainwave signals, adjusting the tempo of the audio according to changes in the rhythm of brainwave signals, and providing guidance and suggestions through voice prompts;

[0057] The tactile feedback device is used to receive brainwave feedback signals and generate vibration feedback. The vibration feedback includes: adjusting the intensity of the vibration according to the intensity changes of the brainwave signal, adjusting the frequency of the vibration according to the frequency changes of the brainwave signal, generating vibrations at multiple different locations on the patient's body, and providing multi-dimensional feedback information.

[0058] The user interface is used to display the patient's physiological status and control signals, and allow the user to input personalized settings and feedback information, including:

[0059] The user interface displays the patient's physiological condition in the form of graphs, curves, and numerical values. The patient's physiological condition includes bladder pressure, bladder pressure change rate, heart rate variability, skin conductance level, respiratory characteristic parameters, and brain wave characteristic parameters, which are used to help patients or medical staff understand the patient's health status;

[0060] Control signal display: The user interface displays control signals, including the intensity, frequency, and duration of electrical stimulation, the intensity, frequency, and duration of magnetic stimulation, the intensity, frequency, and duration of vibration massage, the volume and type of audio, and the content of the video, to help patients or medical staff understand the control operations being performed by the system;

[0061] Personalized settings: patients or medical staff input personalized setting parameters through the user interface, and the personalized setting parameters include the intensity, frequency, and duration of electrical stimulation, the intensity, frequency, and duration of magnetic stimulation, the intensity, frequency, and duration of vibration massage, the volume and type of audio, and the content of the video;

[0062] Feedback information: Patients or medical staff can input feedback information through the user interaction interface. The feedback information includes user input information related to the regulation effect, patient experience or system operation.

[0063] The data storage module includes:

[0064] Data storage in different formats: Storing structured data in SQL or NoSQL database format, including physiological signals, physiological signal characteristic parameters, control signals, stimulation signals, and personalized settings; storing unstructured data in CSV, JSON, or XML file format, including feedback information;

[0065] Data storage by media: Use the device's internal storage or SD card, USB flash drive, or hard drive to store and back up data locally, and use cloud service providers to store and back up data remotely;

[0066] Data security module: encrypts stored data, sets access permissions to allow only authorized users to access and operate stored data, and backs up data regularly to prevent data loss or damage.

[0067] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the present invention include at least:

[0068] The present invention collects the patient's physiological signals through the biofeedback module, analyzes the signals in combination with the signal processing module, extracts characteristic parameters, and the control module generates control signals based on these parameters. The intervention execution module intervenes in bladder function and anxiety, and the neurofeedback training equipment helps the patient to perform self-regulation training. This coordinated control mechanism can break the separation of physiological and psychological intervention in traditional treatments and help improve the patient's comprehensive symptoms.

[0069] The user interaction interface in the present invention can display the patient's physiological condition and regulatory signals, allowing patients or medical staff to input personalized settings and feedback information, and coordinate the operation of each module based on this information. This personalized design can adjust the treatment plan according to the individual differences of the patient and changes in the condition, which helps to improve the treatment effect and patient satisfaction.

[0070] The data storage module in the present invention can store physiological signals, control signals, personalized settings and feedback information, providing medical staff with comprehensive patient condition monitoring data, which helps medical staff better understand the changes in the patient's condition and adjust the treatment plan in time. It also provides rich data support for clinical research.

[0071] By alleviating the patient's anxiety and improving bladder function, the present invention enables the patient to better control bladder urination in daily life, reducing the inconvenience caused by urinary incontinence or frequent urination. At the same time, the improvement in psychological state also helps to enhance the patient's self-confidence and sense of happiness in life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0072] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0073] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a biofeedback-based neurogenic bladder-anxiety coordinated regulation auxiliary system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0074] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0075] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 : is a schematic diagram of a biofeedback-based neurogenic bladder-anxiety coordinated regulation auxiliary system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the system comprising:

[0076] Biofeedback module, used to collect physiological signals from patients;

[0077] Signal processing module, used to process and analyze physiological signals and extract characteristic parameters;

[0078] A control module, used for generating a control signal according to characteristic parameters;

[0079] An intervention execution module, used to intervene in the patient's bladder function and anxiety according to the regulatory signals;

[0080] Neurofeedback training equipment, used to provide patients with brain wave feedback training based on control signals;

[0081] A user interface for displaying physiological signals, regulating signals, and allowing users to input personalized settings and feedback information;

[0082] A data storage module for storing physiological signals, control signals, personalized settings and feedback information;

[0083] The central control module, as the system core scheduler, manages the data flow and control instructions between the above modules.

[0084] 1. Biofeedback module, used to collect physiological signals from patients. The biofeedback module is composed of a variety of non-invasive sensors, including:

[0085] The bladder pressure sensor uses an external pressure sensor attached to the patient's abdomen to measure the pressure during bladder filling and urination and collect bladder pressure signals;

[0086] The heart rate sensor uses a photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor, which is attached to the patient's wrist to measure the patient's heart rate and collect heart rate signals.

[0087] Skin conductance sensor: a skin conductance sensor is attached to the patient's finger or wrist to measure changes in the patient's skin conductance and collect skin conductance signals;

[0088] Respiratory rate sensor, using a respiratory belt or chest electrodes, is used to measure the chest movement of the patient when breathing and collect respiratory rate signals;

[0089] The brain wave sensor uses a head-mounted electroencephalogram (EEG) sensor to measure the patient's brain waves and collect brain wave signals.

[0090] It should be noted that an external bladder pressure sensor is a device that can measure bladder pressure without invading the human body. It places a sensor outside the body and uses ultrasound, electrical bioimpedance and other technologies to measure bladder pressure. This sensor avoids the discomfort and infection risks brought by traditional invasive methods and has high accuracy. It can be used for bladder function evaluation and diagnosis and monitoring of related diseases.

[0091] Photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors emit light to illuminate the human body (such as a finger or earlobe). Blood flow changes blood volume, resulting in changes in light absorption or reflection. The PPG sensor captures these changes and generates a pulse waveform, which is used to measure physiological parameters such as heart rate, blood oxygenation, and heart rate variability.

[0092] The skin conductance sensor is a non-invasive and convenient physiological monitoring tool that measures skin conductivity based on the principle of electrodermal activity (GSR). When the human body is in a state of tension or excitement, sweat gland secretion increases and skin conductivity increases, while it decreases when relaxed.

[0093] Respiratory belts and chest electrode respiratory rate sensors are two common respiratory monitoring devices. A respiratory belt is usually a belt with an elastic strain gauge that is worn on the chest or abdomen. When the human body breathes, the expansion and contraction of the chest and abdominal cavity will cause the belt to deform, and the strain gauge will generate an electrical signal change, thereby measuring the respiratory rate. It is easy to wear and suitable for long-term monitoring.

[0094] The chest electrode respiratory rate sensor places electrodes on the chest. During breathing, the movement of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles causes potential fluctuations, which the sensor converts into respiratory signals. This type of sensor has high accuracy and is often used in medical monitoring and sleep monitoring.

[0095] The head-mounted electroencephalogram (EEG) sensor captures weak electrical signals generated by the brain through multiple electrodes, reflecting the state of brain activity (such as wakefulness, sleep, concentration, etc.).

[0096] Second, the signal processing module is used to process and analyze physiological signals and extract characteristic parameters. The signal processing module is connected to the biofeedback module and includes:

[0097] Data preprocessing unit, used for filtering, denoising and normalizing physiological signals;

[0098] a bladder pressure signal processing unit, configured to calculate the patient's bladder pressure and the bladder pressure change rate by analyzing the bladder pressure signal, thereby obtaining the patient's bladder pressure and the bladder pressure change rate;

[0099] A heart rate signal processing unit is used to calculate the patient's heart rate interval by analyzing the heart rate signal, and calculate the patient's heart rate variability based on the heart rate interval to obtain the patient's heart rate variability HRV. The heart rate variability HRV includes: the standard deviation SDNN of the heart rate interval, the root mean square RMSSD of the difference between adjacent heart rate intervals, and the low frequency component LF and high frequency component HF of the heart rate interval signal frequency domain;

[0100] A skin conductance signal processing unit is used to calculate the peak value, valley value, and rate of change of the patient's skin conductance by analyzing the skin conductance signal to obtain the patient's skin conductance level GSR. The skin conductance level GSR includes: the average value GSR_mean of the skin conductance signal, the frequency and amplitude of SCR;

[0101] A respiratory signal processing unit is used to calculate the patient's respiratory rate and rhythm by analyzing the respiratory rate signal to obtain the patient's respiratory characteristic parameters;

[0102] The brain wave signal processing unit is used to obtain the patient's brain wave spectrum characteristics and power spectrum characteristics by analyzing the brain wave signal, and obtain the patient's brain wave characteristic parameters.

[0103] It should be noted that data preprocessing is an indispensable part of data science. First, it removes noise, corrects errors, and fills missing values ​​to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the data. Secondly, it merges data from different sources to eliminate redundancy and inconsistency. Then, data normalization will scale the data to a uniform range to prevent certain features from dominating the model due to dimensional differences. Data preprocessing can significantly improve data quality and lay a solid foundation for subsequent analysis and modeling.

[0104] Calculate the standard deviation of heart rate intervals (SDNN), which reflects the overall level of heart rate variability. The formula is:

[0105]

[0106] Among them, RR i is the i-th heart rate interval, RR is the average of all heart rate intervals, and N is the total number of heart rate intervals.

[0107] The root mean square difference (RMSSD) of adjacent heart rate intervals was calculated to reflect the parasympathetic nerve activity. The formula is:

[0108]

[0109] Among them, RR i+1 is the i+1th heart rate interval

[0110] The heart rate interval signal is converted from the time domain to the frequency domain through Fourier transform, and the low-frequency LF and high-frequency HF components are calculated. LF mainly reflects sympathetic nerve activity, and HF mainly reflects parasympathetic nerve activity. The LF / HF ratio is used to assess the balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves.

[0111] Calculate the average value of the preprocessed skin conductance signal (GSR_mean) to reflect the overall level of skin conductance. The formula is:

[0112]

[0113] Among them, GSR i is the i-th skin conductance value, and N is the total number of data points.

[0114] The skin conductance response (SCR) is detected to measure the frequency and amplitude of the skin conductance response (SCR).

[0115] Respiratory rate and rhythm are important indicators for measuring respiratory function. Respiratory rate refers to the number of breaths per minute. The respiratory rate of a normal adult at rest is about 12-20 times / minute. Respiratory rhythm refers to the regularity of respiratory movements, including the time ratio, depth and rhythm of inhalation and exhalation. Normal respiratory rhythm is smooth and even, with an inhalation to exhalation time ratio of about 1:2. Changes in respiratory rate and rhythm may reflect the body's physiological state or potential diseases. Monitoring respiratory rate and rhythm can help detect health problems early and is an important reference for clinical diagnosis and health assessment.

[0116] 3. A control module, which is used to generate a control signal based on the characteristic parameters. The control module is connected to the signal processing module and is used to generate a control signal based on the characteristic parameters, wherein:

[0117] Characteristic parameters include: bladder pressure, bladder pressure change rate, heart rate variability, skin conductance level, respiratory characteristic parameters, and brain wave characteristic parameters;

[0118] Regulatory signals include:

[0119] Magnetic stimulation signal, set the bladder pressure change rate threshold range: 0.5cmH2O / s-1.0H2Ocm / s. If the bladder pressure change rate exceeds 0.5cmH2O but does not exceed 1.0H2Ocm / s, a magnetic stimulation signal is sent to the magnetic stimulation device;

[0120] Drug release signal, set the bladder pressure change rate threshold range: 1.0cmH2O / s-2.0H2Ocm / s. If the bladder pressure change rate exceeds 1.0cmH2O / s but does not exceed 2.0H2Ocm / s, an electrical stimulation signal is sent to the electrical stimulation device, or a drug release signal is sent to the drug release device;

[0121] An electrical stimulation signal is configured to set a bladder pressure change rate threshold of 2.0 cmH2O / s. If the bladder pressure change rate exceeds 2.0 cmH2O / s, an electrical stimulation signal is sent to the electrical stimulation device. The electrical stimulation signal includes signals for adjusting the electrical stimulation frequency, intensity, and pulse width.

[0122] Audio and video playback signals, which send signals to audio and video playback devices to play music or videos based on changes in heart rate variability and skin conductance levels;

[0123] To set the HRV threshold range:

[0124] Low threshold range: SDNN<50ms, RMSSD<20ms, LF / HF>2.0,

[0125] High threshold range: SDNN>100ms, RMSSD>50ms, LF / HF<1.0,

[0126] Set the skin conductance level GSR threshold range:

[0127] Low threshold range: GSR_mean<10μS, SCR frequency<1 time / min,

[0128] High threshold range: GSR_mean>30μS, SCR frequency>5 times / min,

[0129] Determine the patient's anxiety state:

[0130] If the patient's heart rate variability HRV is in the low threshold range and the patient's skin conductance level GSR is in the high threshold range, the patient is judged to be in an anxious state. If the patient's heart rate variability HRV is in the high threshold range and the patient's skin conductance level GSR is in the low threshold range, the patient is judged to be in a relaxed state.

[0131] If the patient is judged to be in an anxious state, a signal to play music or video is sent to the audio and video playback device;

[0132] Vibration massage signal: if the patient's heart rate or respiratory rhythm is detected to be elevated, a vibration massage signal is sent to the vibration massage device;

[0133] The brainwave feedback signal is sent to the neurofeedback training device according to the brainwave characteristic parameters.

[0134] It should be noted that the main function of the control unit is to generate corresponding control signals based on the characteristic parameters extracted by the signal processing unit. These control signals include stimulation signals for bladder function and anxiety relief signals. Through precise control signals, the control unit can improve neurogenic bladder function and relieve anxiety, thereby improving the patient's quality of life and mental health level.

[0135] The bladder pressure rate of change refers to the rate of change of bladder pressure over time, usually expressed as the pressure change per unit time (e.g., cmH2O / s). It is one of the important indicators for evaluating bladder function and can reflect bladder compliance, detrusor muscle activity, and bladder stability. In patients with neurogenic bladder, the bladder pressure rate of change needs to be monitored in real time, and a threshold value needs to be set to stimulate the bladder to regulate bladder function. Threshold setting usually includes:

[0136] Low threshold (0.5 cmH2O / s). When the bladder pressure change rate exceeds 0.5 cmH2O / s, it indicates that bladder compliance may be reduced. Bladder pressure needs to be closely monitored and mild intervention measures such as magnetic stimulation should be taken to stimulate the urination-related neural pathways through the magnetic field to guide the patient to urinate and avoid further increase in bladder pressure.

[0137] The medium threshold (1.0 cmH2O / s) indicates that when the bladder pressure change rate exceeds 1.0 cmH2O / s, it indicates that the bladder may be in an unstable state and intervention measures are needed, such as electrical stimulation or drug release to guide the patient to urinate. The amount of drug released may need to be adjusted according to the patient's individual response to ensure that the drug works within a safe concentration range.

[0138] The high threshold (2.0 cmH2O / s) indicates that when the rate of change of bladder pressure exceeds 2.0 cmH2O / s, it indicates that the bladder is in a high-risk state of overfilling or detrusor overactivity. Immediate measures need to be taken, such as immediate electrical stimulation to make the patient urinate, to reduce bladder pressure and avoid a continued high-risk state.

[0139] Regarding the thresholds and judgment logic for heart rate variability and skin conductance levels:

[0140] Heart rate variability (HRV) threshold:

[0141] Low threshold: SDNN < 50ms, RMSSD < 20ms, LF / HF > 2.0, indicating that sympathetic nerve excitability is dominant and the patient may be in an anxious state;

[0142] High threshold: SDNN>100ms, RMSSD>50ms, LF / HF<1.0, indicating that parasympathetic nerve excitability is dominant and the patient may be in a relaxed state;

[0143] Skin conductance level (GSR) threshold:

[0144] Low threshold: GSR_mean < 10 μS, SCR frequency < 1 time / minute, the patient may be in a relaxed state;

[0145] High threshold: GSR_mean>30μS, SCR frequency>5 times / minute, the patient may be in an anxious state.

[0146] 4. An intervention execution module is used to stimulate the patient's bladder according to the control signal. The intervention execution module includes:

[0147] The electrical stimulation device uses flexible electrodes attached to the patient's abdomen. It adjusts the frequency, intensity, and pulse width of the electrical stimulation according to the electrical stimulation signal, transmits the electrical stimulation to the bladder and the nerve pathways around the bladder, and stimulates the patient to urinate.

[0148] The magnetic stimulation device uses a portable magnetic field generator installed on the patient's waist. It adjusts the frequency, intensity, direction and pulse pattern of the magnetic stimulation according to the magnetic stimulation signal, transmits the magnetic stimulation to the bladder and the perivesical nerve pathway, and regulates the perivesical nerve signal conduction;

[0149] The drug release device includes a drug storage unit, a control unit, and a transdermal patch drug release unit. The drug storage unit is used to store therapeutic drugs. The control unit is used to receive a control signal from the control module and control the amount of drug released according to the drug release signal. The transdermal patch drug release unit is used to perform the drug release operation and promote drug absorption through electroporation technology.

[0150] Audio and video playback equipment, used for playing audio of different volumes and types or videos of different contents to the patient according to the audio and video playback signal;

[0151] The vibration massage device is installed on the patient's shoulders, neck or waist and is used to massage the patient's shoulders, neck or waist according to the vibration massage signal.

[0152] It should be noted that the intervention execution module is responsible for electrically, magnetically or drug-stimulating the patient's bladder function according to the control signal generated by the control module, and alleviating the patient's anxiety through audio, video or vibration. Through various intervention methods, the intervention execution module can simultaneously improve the patient's bladder function and relieve anxiety, thereby achieving coordinated regulation of neurogenic bladder function and anxiety.

[0153] 5. Neurofeedback training equipment, used to provide brainwave feedback training to patients based on control signals. Neurofeedback training equipment includes:

[0154] The deep learning model consists of a convolutional neural network (CNN), a long short-term memory (LSTM) network, a Transformer component, and a Softmax classifier. The deep learning model extracts the spatial features of EEG characteristic parameters through the convolutional neural network (CNN), captures the time series features of EEG characteristic parameters through the long short-term memory (LSTM) network, and extracts the global spatiotemporal features of EEG characteristic parameters through the self-attention mechanism of the Transformer component. The spatial features extracted by the CNN and the temporal features extracted by the LSTM are fused and combined with the global features extracted by the Transformer to obtain a comprehensive feature. The comprehensive feature is input into the Softmax classifier to classify the patient's relaxation level, concentration level, and brain activity state, thereby determining the patient's relaxation level, concentration level, and brain activity state.

[0155] A visual feedback device, configured to receive brainwave feedback signals and generate visual feedback, including: a waveform graph showing changes in the intensity of brainwaves in different frequency bands, a progress bar showing the patient's level of relaxation or concentration, and an animation showing the patient's brain activity status;

[0156] Auditory feedback devices, used to receive brainwave feedback signals and generate audio feedback. The audio feedback includes: playing audio of different tones according to the intensity or frequency changes of the brainwave signals, adjusting the rhythm of the audio according to the rhythm changes of the brainwave signals, and providing guidance and suggestions through voice prompts;

[0157] The tactile feedback device is used to receive brain wave feedback signals and generate vibration feedback. The vibration feedback includes: adjusting the intensity of the vibration according to the intensity changes of the brain wave signal, adjusting the frequency of the vibration according to the frequency changes of the brain wave signal, generating vibrations at multiple different positions of the patient's body, and providing multi-dimensional feedback information.

[0158] It should be noted that the neurofeedback training device is an important component of the system of the present invention for helping patients with neurogenic bladder to conduct self-regulation training. By monitoring the patient's brain wave signals in real time and converting these signals into intuitive feedback information, it helps patients learn how to regulate their own brain activities. Through self-regulation training, patients can learn how to relax their brain and body, reduce anxiety, and thus improve bladder function. This training method is particularly suitable for patients with neurogenic bladder because their abnormal bladder function is often closely related to nervous system dysfunction. In addition, this training method is non-invasive, safe and personalized, and can significantly improve patients' self-regulation ability and quality of life.

[0159] 6. User interaction interface, used to display physiological signals and control signals, and allow users to input personalized settings and feedback information. The user interaction interface is used to display the patient's physiological status and control signals, and allow users to input personalized settings and feedback information, including:

[0160] The user interface displays the patient's physiological condition in the form of charts, curves, and numerical values. The patient's physiological condition includes bladder pressure, bladder pressure change rate, heart rate variability, skin conductance level, respiratory characteristic parameters, and brain wave characteristic parameters, which are used to help patients or medical staff understand the patient's health status;

[0161] Control signal display: The user interface displays control signals, including the intensity, frequency, and duration of electrical stimulation, the intensity, frequency, and duration of magnetic stimulation, the intensity, frequency, and duration of vibration massage, the volume and type of audio, and the content of the video, to help patients or medical staff understand the control operations being performed by the system;

[0162] Personalized settings: patients or medical staff can input personalized setting parameters through the user interface. Personalized setting parameters include the intensity, frequency, and duration of electrical stimulation, the intensity, frequency, and duration of magnetic stimulation, the intensity, frequency, and duration of vibration massage, the volume and type of audio, and the content of the video;

[0163] Feedback information: Patients or medical staff can input feedback information through the user interaction interface. The feedback information includes evaluation of the current regulation effect, physical discomfort, suggestions for system improvement, etc.

[0164] It should be noted that the user interaction interface is an important component of the system of the present invention. It is responsible for displaying the status of the monitored physiological signals and control signals, and allowing users to input personalized settings and feedback information. Through the user interaction interface, users can understand the operating status of the system in real time, adjust the operating parameters of the system, and provide feedback information, thereby improving the applicability of the system and user experience.

[0165] 7. Data storage module, used to store physiological signals, control signals, personalized settings and feedback information. The data storage module includes:

[0166] Data storage in different formats: Structured data is stored in SQL or NoSQL database format. Structured data includes physiological signals, physiological signal characteristic parameters, control signals, stimulation signals, and personalized settings. Unstructured data is stored in CSV, JSON, or XML file format. Unstructured data includes feedback information.

[0167] Data storage by media: Use the device's internal storage or SD card, USB flash drive, or hard drive to store and back up data locally, and use cloud service providers to store and back up data remotely;

[0168] Data security module: Encrypts stored data using the symmetric encryption algorithm AES, sets access permissions to allow only authorized users to access and operate stored data, and backs up data regularly to prevent data loss or damage.

[0169] It should be noted that structured data refers to data with a fixed format or structure, usually stored in relational databases (such as SQL) or non-relational databases (such as NoSQL). This data has clear fields and data types, which makes it easy to query and analyze.

[0170] Unstructured data refers to data without a fixed format or structure, usually stored in file formats such as CSV, JSON, XML, etc. These data are usually used to store raw data or complex data structures for easy storage and reading.

[0171] Furthermore, it should be noted that the present invention may be provided as a method, apparatus, or computer program product. Thus, embodiments of the present invention may take the form of entirely hardware embodiments, entirely software embodiments, or embodiments combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media containing computer-usable program code.

[0172] The symmetric encryption algorithm AES is currently the most widely used symmetric encryption algorithm. It has the characteristics of fast encryption speed and high security. It is suitable for encrypting large amounts of data and can effectively protect user data stored in the system. AES is suitable for encrypting user data stored in local databases, such as patients' biofeedback data, anxiety assessment results, etc. Its efficient encryption and decryption speed can ensure the system's performance when processing large amounts of data.

[0173] The embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, terminal devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing terminal device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing terminal device generate instructions for implementing the process in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0174] It should also be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or terminal device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes the element.

[0175] Finally, it should be noted that the above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that although the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described, those skilled in the art, once they understand the basic inventive concept of the present invention, can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention. Such improvements and modifications should also be considered as within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as covering the preferred embodiment and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A neurogenic bladder-anxiety coordinated control auxiliary system based on biofeedback, characterized in that: include: Biofeedback module, used to collect physiological signals from patients; A signal processing module, used to process and analyze the physiological signal and extract characteristic parameters; A control module, configured to generate a control signal according to the characteristic parameters; an intervention execution module, configured to intervene in the patient's bladder function and anxiety according to the control signal; A neurofeedback training device for performing brainwave feedback training on a patient according to the control signal; A user interface for displaying physiological signals, regulating signals, and allowing users to input personalized settings and feedback information; A data storage module for storing physiological signals, control signals, personalized settings and feedback information; The central control module, as the system core scheduler, manages the data flow and control instructions between the above modules.

2. The biofeedback-based neurogenic bladder-anxiety coordinated control auxiliary system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biofeedback module is composed of a variety of non-invasive sensors, including: The bladder pressure sensor uses an external pressure sensor attached to the patient's abdomen to measure the pressure during bladder filling and urination and collect bladder pressure signals; The heart rate sensor uses a photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor, which is attached to the patient's wrist to measure the patient's heart rate and collect heart rate signals. Skin conductance sensor: a skin conductance sensor is attached to the patient's finger or wrist to measure changes in the patient's skin conductance and collect skin conductance signals; Respiratory rate sensor, using a respiratory belt or chest electrodes, is used to measure the chest movement of the patient when breathing and collect respiratory rate signals; The brain wave sensor uses a head-mounted electroencephalogram (EEG) sensor to measure the patient's brain waves and collect brain wave signals.

3. The biofeedback-based neurogenic bladder-anxiety coordinated control auxiliary system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal processing module is connected to the biofeedback module and includes: A data preprocessing unit, configured to perform filtering, denoising, and normalization on the physiological signal; a bladder pressure signal processing unit, configured to calculate the patient's bladder pressure and the bladder pressure change rate by analyzing the bladder pressure signal, thereby obtaining the patient's bladder pressure and the bladder pressure change rate; A heart rate signal processing unit is used to calculate the patient's heart rate interval RR by analyzing the heart rate signal, and calculate the patient's heart rate variability based on the heart rate interval to obtain the patient's heart rate variability HRV, wherein the heart rate variability HRV includes: the standard deviation SDNN of the heart rate interval, the root mean square RMSSD of the difference between adjacent heart rate intervals, and the low frequency component LF and high frequency component HF of the heart rate interval signal in the frequency domain; a skin conductance signal processing unit, configured to calculate the peak value, valley value, and rate of change of the patient's skin conductance by analyzing the skin conductance signal to obtain the patient's skin conductance level GSR, wherein the skin conductance level GSR includes: the average value GSR_mean of the skin conductance signal, the frequency and amplitude of SCR; A respiratory signal processing unit is used to calculate the patient's respiratory rate and rhythm by analyzing the respiratory rate signal to obtain the patient's respiratory characteristic parameters; The brain wave signal processing unit is used to obtain the patient's brain wave spectrum characteristics and power spectrum characteristics by analyzing the brain wave signal, and obtain the patient's brain wave characteristic parameters.

4. The biofeedback-based neurogenic bladder-anxiety coordinated control auxiliary system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module is connected to the signal processing module and is used to generate a control signal according to the characteristic parameters, wherein: The characteristic parameters include bladder pressure, bladder pressure change rate, heart rate variability, skin conductance level, respiratory characteristic parameters, and brain wave characteristic parameters; The control signal includes: Magnetic stimulation signal, set the bladder pressure change rate threshold range: 0.5cmH2O / s-1.0H2Ocm / s. If the bladder pressure change rate exceeds 0.5cmH2O but does not exceed 1.0H2Ocm / s, a magnetic stimulation signal is sent to the magnetic stimulation device; Drug release signal, set the bladder pressure change rate threshold range: 1.0cmH2O / s-2.0H2Ocm / s. If the bladder pressure change rate exceeds 1.0cmH2O / s but does not exceed 2.0H2Ocm / s, an electrical stimulation signal is sent to the electrical stimulation device, or a drug release signal is sent to the drug release device; An electrical stimulation signal is configured to set a bladder pressure change rate threshold of 2.0 cmH2O / s. If the bladder pressure change rate exceeds 2.0 cmH2O / s, an electrical stimulation signal is sent to the electrical stimulation device. The electrical stimulation signal includes signals for adjusting the electrical stimulation frequency, intensity, and pulse width. Audio and video playback signals, based on changes in heart rate variability and skin conductance levels, send signals to audio and video playback devices to play music or videos: To set the HRV threshold range: Low threshold range: SDNN<50ms, RMSSD<20ms, LF / HF>2.0, High threshold range: SDNN>100ms, RMSSD>50ms, LF / HF<1.0, Set the skin conductance level GSR threshold range: Low threshold range: GSR_mean<10μS, SCR frequency<1 time / min, High threshold range: GSR_mean>30μS, SCR frequency>5 times / min, Determine the patient's anxiety state: If the patient's heart rate variability (HRV) is in the low threshold range and the patient's skin conductance (GSR) is in the high threshold range, the patient is judged to be in an anxious state. If the patient's heart rate variability (HRV) is in the high threshold range and the patient's skin conductance (GSR) is in the low threshold range, the patient is judged to be in a relaxed state. If the patient is judged to be in an anxious state, a signal to play music or video is sent to the audio and video playback device; Vibration massage signal: if the patient's heart rate or respiratory rhythm is detected to be elevated, a vibration massage signal is sent to the vibration massage device; The brainwave feedback signal is sent to the neurofeedback training device according to the brainwave characteristic parameters.

5. The biofeedback-based neurogenic bladder-anxiety coordinated control auxiliary system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intervention execution module includes: The electrical stimulation device uses flexible electrodes attached to the patient's abdomen. It adjusts the frequency, intensity, and pulse width of the electrical stimulation according to the electrical stimulation signal, transmits the electrical stimulation to the bladder and the nerve pathways around the bladder, and stimulates the patient to urinate. The magnetic stimulation device uses a portable magnetic field generator installed on the patient's waist. It adjusts the frequency, intensity, direction and pulse pattern of the magnetic stimulation according to the magnetic stimulation signal, transmits the magnetic stimulation to the bladder and the perivesical nerve pathway, and regulates the perivesical nerve signal conduction; The drug release device includes a drug storage unit, a control unit, and a drug release unit. The drug storage unit is used to store therapeutic drugs. The control unit is used to receive a control signal from a control module and control the release amount of the drug according to the drug release signal. The drug release unit is used to perform the drug release operation. Audio and video playback equipment, used for playing audio of different volumes and types or videos of different contents to the patient according to the audio and video playback signal; The vibration massage device is installed on the patient's shoulders, neck or waist and is used to massage the patient's shoulders, neck or waist according to the vibration massage signal.

6. The biofeedback-based neurogenic bladder-anxiety coordinated control auxiliary system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The neurofeedback training device comprises: A deep learning model, comprising a convolutional neural network (CNN), a long short-term memory (LSTM) network, a Transformer component, and a Softmax classifier, extracts spatial features of EEG characteristic parameters through the convolutional neural network (CNN), captures temporal series features of EEG characteristic parameters through the long short-term memory (LSTM) network, and extracts global spatiotemporal features of EEG characteristic parameters through the self-attention mechanism of the Transformer component. The spatial features extracted by the CNN and the temporal features extracted by the LSTM are fused, combined with the global features extracted by the Transformer component, to obtain comprehensive features. The comprehensive features are input into the Softmax classifier to classify the patient's relaxation level, concentration level, and brain activity state, thereby obtaining the patient's relaxation level, concentration level, and brain activity state. A visual feedback device, configured to receive brainwave feedback signals and generate visual feedback, including: a waveform diagram showing changes in the intensity of brainwaves in different frequency bands, a progress bar showing the patient's level of relaxation or concentration, and an animation showing the patient's brain activity status; Auditory feedback devices, used to receive brainwave feedback signals and generate audio feedback, including: playing audio of different tones according to changes in the intensity or frequency of brainwave signals, adjusting the tempo of the audio according to changes in the rhythm of brainwave signals, and providing guidance and suggestions through voice prompts; The tactile feedback device is used to receive brainwave feedback signals and generate vibration feedback. The vibration feedback includes: adjusting the intensity of the vibration according to the intensity changes of the brainwave signal, adjusting the frequency of the vibration according to the frequency changes of the brainwave signal, generating vibrations at multiple different locations on the patient's body, and providing multi-dimensional feedback information.

7. The biofeedback-based neurogenic bladder-anxiety coordinated control auxiliary system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The user interface is used to display the patient's physiological status and control signals, and allow the user to input personalized settings and feedback information, including: The user interface displays the patient's physiological condition in the form of graphs, curves, and numerical values. The patient's physiological condition includes bladder pressure, bladder pressure change rate, heart rate variability, skin conductance level, respiratory characteristic parameters, and brain wave characteristic parameters, which are used to help patients or medical staff understand the patient's health status; Control signal display: The user interface displays control signals, including the intensity, frequency, and duration of electrical stimulation, the intensity, frequency, and duration of magnetic stimulation, the intensity, frequency, and duration of vibration massage, the volume and type of audio, and the content of the video, to help patients or medical staff understand the control operations being performed by the system; Personalized settings: patients or medical staff input personalized setting parameters through the user interface, and the personalized setting parameters include the intensity, frequency, and duration of electrical stimulation, the intensity, frequency, and duration of magnetic stimulation, the intensity, frequency, and duration of vibration massage, the volume and type of audio, and the content of the video; Feedback information: Patients or medical staff can input feedback information through the user interaction interface. The feedback information includes user input information related to the regulation effect, patient experience or system operation.

8. The biofeedback-based neurogenic bladder-anxiety coordinated control auxiliary system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data storage module includes: Data storage in different formats: Storing structured data in SQL or NoSQL database format, including physiological signals, physiological signal characteristic parameters, control signals, stimulation signals, and personalized settings; storing unstructured data in CSV, JSON, or XML file format, including feedback information; Data storage by media: Use the device's internal storage or SD card, USB flash drive, or hard drive to store and back up data locally, and use cloud service providers to store and back up data remotely; Data security module: encrypts stored data, sets access permissions to allow only authorized users to access and operate stored data, and backs up data regularly to prevent data loss or damage.

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