A water-based reverse surface oil and its preparation method
A water-based reverse coating with specific components and processes has solved the problem of forming a stable matte structure on a high-gloss surface with water-based materials, achieving high gloss, wear resistance, and anti-friction effects, making it suitable for high-end packaging applications.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- DONGGUAN PU RUI NEW MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
AI Technical Summary
In water-based materials, it is difficult to achieve stable and uniform micro-shrinkage on the base oil layer to form a matte structure while simultaneously creating a high-gloss surface, and to combine this with excellent mechanical strength and anti-friction properties, which limits their application in the high-end packaging field.
By using a specific ratio of acrylic emulsion A, acrylic emulsion B, acrylic emulsion C, and water-based acrylic resin, a dense network and stable micro-sand structure are formed through a step-by-step addition and speed-controlled mixing method. Combined with dual wetting agents, the wettability of the substrate and the gloss of the coating are improved.
It achieves stable micro-shrinkage in the high-gloss area and uniform distribution of the matte structure, improving the coating's abrasion resistance and anti-friction properties while maintaining good gloss and leveling properties, making it suitable for high-end packaging applications.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the technical field of inks, and more specifically, to a water-based reverse-flow ink and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] In the high-end printing and packaging sector, such as luxury gift boxes, book covers, and premium tobacco and alcohol packaging, the visual and tactile experience of a product is a key factor in determining its value. Among these, the subtle contrast between matte and glossy areas has become a core design technique for enhancing the artistic quality of a product and highlighting brand differentiation. This effect not only creates a deep and elegant visual hierarchy but also provides a unique silky or finely frosted tactile feel, greatly enhancing the user experience and added value of the product.
[0003] Currently, UV reverse engineering is commonly used in the market to achieve a fine contrast effect between localized matte and glossy areas of packaging products. This is mainly achieved through the interaction between UV reverse base oil and UV reverse top oil. Specifically, the base oil acts as a "receiving layer," causing the top oil to shrink directionally on its surface and self-organize to form a micro-sand-like matte structure; while the top oil, which is directly printed on the substrate, maintains a smooth surface, forming a glossy area.
[0004] The reverse engineering process for water-based materials presents significant technical challenges. The core issue lies in achieving stable and uniform micro-shrinkage on the base coat to create a matte structure while simultaneously forming a high-gloss surface. Specifically, improving the coating's abrasion resistance typically requires increasing the material's cross-linking density or adding hard nanoparticles. However, this results in an overly smooth coating surface and a reduced coefficient of dynamic friction, which weakens the matte effect and affects printability. Conversely, adding anti-slip agents to increase the surface friction coefficient and enhance the matte texture often significantly reduces the coating's abrasion and scratch resistance. This contradiction has long remained unresolved, severely limiting the application of this type of process in packaging fields such as pharmaceuticals, food, and cosmetics, where hygiene, safety, and surface durability are paramount.
[0005] Therefore, the industry urgently needs a new type of water-based reverse topcoat that can form a stable and durable matte microstructure on the base coat while ensuring the leveling and mirror effect in the high-gloss areas, and also has excellent mechanical strength and anti-friction properties, thereby breaking through the existing technical bottlenecks and meeting the dual needs of high-end packaging for aesthetics and function. Summary of the Invention
[0006] This application provides a water-based reverse-flow surface oil and its preparation method, which solves the problem that conventional high-gloss water-based surface oils are difficult to form uniformly distributed and dense sand particles, and balances the contradiction between wear resistance and slip angle.
[0007] In a first aspect, this application provides an aqueous reverse surface oil, which adopts the following technical solution:
[0008] A water-based reverse coating oil comprises the following components by weight percentage: 5-15% water-based acrylic resin, 20-30% acrylic emulsion A, 20-30% acrylic emulsion B, 20-30% acrylic emulsion C, 1-5% film-forming aid, 1-3% wetting agent A, 0.1-1% wetting agent B, 5-10% abrasion resistant agent, 0.1-0.5% hand feel agent, 0.05-0.1% defoamer, 0.2-2% transfer agent, and 0.1-1% pH stabilizer;
[0009] The acrylic emulsion A comprises the following raw materials: 30-50% deionized water, 30-50% protective colloid, 0.5-1% emulsifier, 0.1-1% initiator, 20-30% methyl methacrylate, 1-5% butyl acrylate, 1-5% isooctyl acrylate, and 0.5-1% crosslinking monomer.
[0010] The acrylic emulsion B comprises the following raw materials: 30-50% deionized water, 30-50% protective colloid, 0.5-1% emulsifier, 0.1-1% initiator, 20-30% styrene, 1-5% isooctyl acrylate, and 0.5-1% crosslinking monomer.
[0011] The acrylic emulsion C comprises the following raw materials: 30-50% deionized water, 30-50% protective colloid, 0.5-1% emulsifier, 0.1-1% initiator, 5-15% styrene, 20-30% butyl acrylate, and 0.5-1% crosslinking monomer.
[0012] Preferably, the waterborne acrylic resin is prepared by the following steps: adding 60-70% deionized water to a reaction vessel, then adding 25-35% alkali-soluble solid acrylic resin with a molecular weight of less than 10,000 to the reaction vessel, then adding 5-7% ammonia and 1-3% ethanolamine, and controlling the reaction temperature at 60°C for 3 hours.
[0013] Preferably, the acrylic emulsion A is prepared by the following steps:
[0014] Step A1: Add deionized water to the reaction vessel, then add alkali-soluble solid acrylic resin, ammonia and ethanolamine, heat to 60°C to react, and obtain a protective colloid after the solid in the reaction vessel is completely dissolved.
[0015] Step A2: Add water, emulsifier, methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, isooctyl acrylate, and crosslinking monomer to a pre-emulsification tank for pre-emulsification to obtain a pre-emulsified liquid;
[0016] Step A3: Add 5-15% of the pre-emulsion obtained in step S2 to the reactor in step S1, then raise the internal temperature of the reactor to 65°C, add initiator one, control the reaction temperature to 80-90°C, and react for 30-45 minutes to obtain the first-stage emulsified product.
[0017] Step A4: Add the remaining pre-emulsion and initiator II to the first-stage emulsion product, and add them over 3-5 hours. Control the reaction temperature at 80-90℃. After the addition is complete, keep the temperature at 80-90℃ for 1 hour to obtain the second-stage emulsion product.
[0018] Step A5: Cool the internal temperature of the reactor to 70°C, add the oxidizing and reducing agents to eliminate the reaction, react for 30 minutes, then lower the internal temperature of the reactor to 50°C and adjust the pH of the solution to 8.0-9.0 to obtain the finished product.
[0019] Preferably, the acrylic emulsion B is prepared by the following steps:
[0020] Step B1: Add deionized water to the reaction vessel, then add alkali-soluble solid acrylic resin, ammonia and ethanolamine, heat to 60°C to react, and obtain a protective colloid after the solid in the reaction vessel is completely dissolved.
[0021] Step B2: Add water, emulsifier, styrene, isooctyl acrylate, and crosslinking monomer to a pre-emulsification tank for pre-emulsification to obtain a pre-emulsified liquid;
[0022] Step B3: Add 5-15% of the pre-emulsion obtained in step S2 to the reactor in step S1, then raise the internal temperature of the reactor to 65°C, add initiator one, control the reaction temperature to 80-90°C, and react for 30-45 minutes to obtain the first-stage emulsified product.
[0023] Step B4: Add the remaining pre-emulsion and initiator II to the first-stage emulsion product, and add them over 3-5 hours. Control the reaction temperature at 80-90℃. After the addition is complete, keep the temperature at 80-90℃ for 1 hour to obtain the second-stage emulsion product.
[0024] Step B5: Cool the internal temperature of the reactor to 70°C, add the oxidizing and reducing agents to eliminate the reaction, react for 30 minutes, then lower the internal temperature of the reactor to 50°C, adjust the pH value to 8.0-9.0, and obtain the finished product.
[0025] Preferably, the acrylic emulsion C is prepared by the following steps:
[0026] Step C1: Add deionized water to the reaction vessel, then add alkali-soluble solid acrylic resin, ammonia and ethanolamine, heat to 60°C to react, and obtain a protective colloid after the solid in the reaction vessel is completely dissolved.
[0027] Step C2: Add water, emulsifier, styrene, butyl acrylate, and crosslinking monomer to a pre-emulsification tank for pre-emulsification to obtain a pre-emulsified liquid;
[0028] Step C3: Add 5-15% of the pre-emulsion obtained in step S2 to the reactor in step S1, then raise the internal temperature of the reactor to 65°C, add initiator one, control the reaction temperature to 80-90°C, and react for 30-45 minutes to obtain the first-stage emulsified product.
[0029] Step C4: Add the remaining pre-emulsion and initiator II to the first-stage emulsion product, and add them over 3-5 hours. Control the reaction temperature at 80-90℃. After the addition is complete, keep the temperature at 80-90℃ for 1 hour to obtain the second-stage emulsion product.
[0030] Step C5: Cool the internal temperature of the reactor to 70°C, add the oxidizing and reducing agents to eliminate the reaction, react for 30 minutes, then cool the internal temperature of the reactor to 50°C, adjust the pH value to 8.0-9.0, and obtain the finished product.
[0031] Preferably, the oxidant used in preparing acrylic emulsion A, acrylic emulsion B, and acrylic emulsion C is tert-butyl hydroperoxide, and the reducing agent used in preparing acrylic emulsion A, acrylic emulsion B, and acrylic emulsion C is sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate.
[0032] Preferably, the film-forming aid is Dow DPM, the wetting agent A is Cytec OT-75, and the wetting agent B is Air Chemical 440 or Air Chemical 104E.
[0033] Preferably, the wear-resistant agent is Michael Men 91240 or Arkema 7605, the hand feel agent is Dow DC51, the defoamer is Dow DC65, the transfer agent is Mingling PUR80, and the pH stabilizer is Dow AMP-95.
[0034] Secondly, this application provides a method for preparing an aqueous reverse-facing oil, employing the following technical solution:
[0035] A method for preparing a water-based reverse varnish includes the following steps:
[0036] Step S1: Add acrylic emulsion A, acrylic emulsion B, and acrylic emulsion C to the mixing tank, start stirring at a speed of 200-300 r / min, and disperse for 10-20 min;
[0037] Step S2: While continuously stirring in the mixing tank at a speed of 200-300 r / min, add the water-based acrylic resin, film-forming aid, and wear-resistant aid in sequence, dispersing each component for 10-20 min after each addition;
[0038] Step S3: Increase the stirring speed of the mixing tank to 400-600 r / min. At this stirring speed, add wetting agent A, wetting agent B, and transfer agent, and disperse for 10-20 min. Then add the hand feel agent and disperse for 20-30 min. Next, add the defoamer and disperse for 10-20 min. Finally, add the pH adjuster and disperse for 10-20 min to obtain the pre-processed product.
[0039] Step S4: Adjust the viscosity of the pre-processed product using a diluent or thickener, and then filter it through a 100-300 mesh filter bag to obtain the finished water-based reverse surface oil.
[0040] Preferably, the diluent used in step S4 is deionized water, and the thickener used is Mingling PUR80.
[0041] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
[0042] 1. Acrylic emulsion A uses methyl methacrylate as a hard monomer to provide a rigid framework, giving the coating high abrasion resistance and compressive strength. Butyl acrylate acts as a soft monomer to balance flexibility, preventing brittleness caused by high crosslinking density and ensuring the coating does not crack when bent. Isooctyl acrylate, with its long-branched alkyl structure, enhances hydrophobicity and improves wet abrasion resistance, while lowering the film-forming temperature and promoting low-temperature self-organized shrinkage. The crosslinking monomers and protective colloids synergistically form a dense network, keeping the matte micro-sand structure stable under friction. Acrylic emulsion B uses styrene as a low-cost hard monomer, which forms a film quickly and enhances hydrophobicity while providing high gloss. The ultra-soft monomer isooctyl acrylate compensates for the brittleness of styrene, providing extremely low-temperature flexibility. The synergistic crosslinking of the two reduces the surface energy of the matte layer, driving the topcoat to shrink directionally on the basecoat, ensuring the matte layer does not become sticky under high-frequency touch. Acrylic emulsion C, with styrene and butyl acrylate synergistically crosslinked, provides the rapid leveling and mirror-like gloss required in the high-gloss areas. Its rigidity directly bonds with the substrate to form a dense film layer, ensuring adhesion in the high-gloss areas and preventing delamination due to excessive hardness. A waterborne acrylic resin with a narrow molecular weight distribution forms shear-thinning fluid properties in the topcoat, resulting in excellent leveling in the high-gloss areas. In the synergistic effect of the waterborne acrylic resin with acrylic emulsions A, B, and C, the three acrylic emulsions together form a three-dimensional support framework, allowing the abrasion-resistant agent to be uniformly embedded without reducing the coating's slip angle. The crosslinking monomers in the three acrylic emulsions synergistically form a dense network with the protective colloid. The styrene and isooctyl acrylate in emulsion B undergo directional shrinkage under the drive of a transfer agent, forming a stable micro-sand structure that maintains the stability of the matte micro-sand structure under friction. Furthermore, the waterborne acrylic resin and emulsion C synergistically level, producing a good mirror effect, thereby improving the coating's gloss.
[0043] 2. Dual wetting agents are used to reduce static and dynamic surface tension respectively, improve substrate wettability, and further enhance the high gloss effect of the coating. Wetting agents A and B are combined to improve the wetting effect and do not affect the sanding on the base coat, so that the high gloss uniformity of the coating remains unchanged under humidity fluctuations.
[0044] 3. This formula is environmentally friendly, using water as a diluent, with VOC content approaching zero, and employing solvent-free film-forming aids that are green and safe.
[0045] 4. In the preparation process, a step-by-step addition and speed control mixing method is adopted. The emulsion base material is dispersed first, and then the functional additives are added in a gradient to avoid demulsification. Detailed Implementation
[0046] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials, reagents, or apparatus used in the embodiments and comparative examples can be obtained from conventional commercial channels or by existing technical methods. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental or testing methods are conventional methods in the art. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0047] Preparation Example
[0048] The preparation example of acrylic emulsion A is Preparation Example 1, which is prepared by the following steps:
[0049] Step A1: Add 180g of deionized water, 105g of alkali-soluble solid acrylic resin, 21g of ammonia and 9g of ethanolamine to the reaction vessel, heat to 60°C to react, and obtain a protective colloid after the solid in the reaction vessel is completely dissolved.
[0050] Step A2: Add 500g water, 5g emulsifier, 200g methyl methacrylate, 10g butyl acrylate, 10g isooctyl acrylate and 5g crosslinking monomer to a pre-emulsification tank for pre-emulsification to obtain a pre-emulsified liquid.
[0051] Step A3: Add 10% of the pre-emulsion obtained in step S2 to the reactor in step S1, then raise the internal temperature of the reactor to 65°C, add 0.05g of initiator one, control the reaction temperature at 85°C, and react for 40 minutes to obtain the first-stage emulsified product.
[0052] Step A4: Add the remaining pre-emulsion and 0.05g of initiator II to the first-stage emulsion product. The addition is completed in 4 hours, and the reaction temperature is controlled at 85℃. After the addition is completed, keep the temperature at 85℃ for 1 hour to obtain the second-stage emulsion product.
[0053] Step A5: Cool the internal temperature of the reactor to 70°C, add 2g of tert-butyl hydrogen peroxide and 2g of sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, react for 30 minutes, then cool the internal temperature of the reactor to 50°C, and add ammonia to adjust the pH of the solution to 8.0 to obtain the finished product.
[0054] In this preparation example, both initiator one and initiator two are ammonium persulfate.
[0055] The preparation example of acrylic emulsion B is Preparation Example 2, which is prepared through the following steps:
[0056] Step B1: Add 180g of deionized water, 105g of alkali-soluble solid acrylic resin, 21g of ammonia and 9g of ethanolamine to the reaction vessel, heat to 60°C to react, and obtain a protective colloid after the solid in the reaction vessel is completely dissolved.
[0057] Step B2: Add 500g water, 5g emulsifier, 200g styrene, 10g isooctyl acrylate and 5g crosslinking monomer to a pre-emulsification tank for pre-emulsification to obtain a pre-emulsified liquid.
[0058] Step B3: Add 10% of the pre-emulsion obtained in step S2 to the reactor in step S1, then raise the internal temperature of the reactor to 65°C, add 0.5g of initiator one, control the reaction temperature to 85°C, and react for 40 minutes to obtain the first-stage emulsified product.
[0059] Step B4: Add the remaining pre-emulsion and 0.5g of initiator II to the first-stage emulsion product. The addition is completed in 4 hours, and the reaction temperature is controlled at 85℃. After the addition is completed, keep the temperature at 85℃ for 1 hour to obtain the second-stage emulsion product.
[0060] Step B5: Cool the internal temperature of the reactor to 70°C, add 2g of tert-butyl hydrogen peroxide and 2g of sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, react for 30 minutes, then cool the internal temperature of the reactor to 50°C, and add ammonia to adjust the pH to 8.0 to obtain the finished product.
[0061] In this preparation example, both initiator one and initiator two are ammonium persulfate.
[0062] The preparation example of acrylic emulsion C is Preparation Example 3, which is prepared by the following steps:
[0063] Step C1: Add 180g of deionized water, 105g of alkali-soluble solid acrylic resin, 21g of ammonia and 9g of ethanolamine to the reaction vessel, heat to 60°C to react, and obtain a protective colloid after the solid in the reaction vessel is completely dissolved.
[0064] Step C2: Add 500g water, 5g emulsifier, 50g styrene, 200g butyl acrylate and 5g crosslinking monomer to a pre-emulsification tank for pre-emulsification to obtain a pre-emulsified liquid;
[0065] Step C3: Add 10% of the pre-emulsion obtained in step S2 to the reactor in step S1, then raise the internal temperature of the reactor to 65°C, add 0.5g of initiator one, control the reaction temperature at 85°C, and react for 40 minutes to obtain the first-stage emulsified product.
[0066] Step C4: Add the remaining pre-emulsion and 0.5g of initiator II to the first-stage emulsion product. The addition is completed in 4 hours. The reaction temperature is controlled at 85℃. After the addition is completed, the temperature is kept at 85℃ for 1 hour to obtain the second-stage emulsion product.
[0067] Step C5: Cool the internal temperature of the reactor to 70°C, add 2g of tert-butyl hydrogen peroxide and 2g of sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, react for 30 minutes, then cool the internal temperature of the reactor to 50°C, add ammonia to adjust the pH to 8.0, and obtain the finished product.
[0068] In this preparation example, both initiator one and initiator two are ammonium persulfate.
[0069] Example 4 shows the preparation of waterborne acrylic resin, which is prepared by the following steps: 600g of deionized water is added to a reaction vessel, followed by 350g of alkali-soluble solid acrylic resin, 70g of ammonia and 30g of ethanolamine. The reaction temperature is controlled at 60°C for 3 hours. The molecular weight of the alkali-soluble solid acrylic resin is below 10,000.
[0070] Preparation of comparative examples
[0071] Preparation of Comparative Example 1
[0072] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Preparation Example 1 is as follows:
[0073] In Preparation Example 1, methyl methacrylate was replaced with an equal amount of butyl acrylate, while all other conditions remained unchanged.
[0074] Preparation of Comparative Example 2
[0075] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Preparation Example 1 is as follows:
[0076] In Preparation Example 1, butyl acrylate and isooctyl acrylate were replaced with an equal amount of methyl methacrylate, while the other conditions remained unchanged.
[0077] Preparation of Comparative Example 3
[0078] The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Preparation Example 2 is as follows:
[0079] In Preparation Example 2, the styrene was replaced with an equal amount of isooctyl acrylate.
[0080] Preparation of Comparative Example 4
[0081] The difference between Comparative Example 4 and Preparation Example 2 is as follows:
[0082] In Preparation Example 2, isooctyl acrylate was replaced with an equal amount of styrene.
[0083] Preparation of Comparative Example 5
[0084] The difference between Comparative Example 5 and Preparation Example 3 is as follows:
[0085] In Preparation Example 3, styrene was replaced with an equal amount of butyl acrylate.
[0086] Preparation of Comparative Example 6
[0087] The difference between Comparative Example 6 and Preparation Example 3 is as follows:
[0088] In Preparation Example 3, butyl acrylate was replaced with an equal amount of styrene.
[0089] Example
[0090] Example 1
[0091] A water-based reverse surface oil is prepared by the following steps:
[0092] Step S1: Add 200g of acrylic emulsion A, 200g of acrylic emulsion B, and 200g of acrylic emulsion C to a mixing tank, start stirring at 300r / min, and disperse for 20min;
[0093] Step S2: While continuously stirring in the mixing tank at 300 r / min, add 150 g of water-based acrylic resin, 10 g of film-forming aid, and 50 g of wear-resistant aid in sequence, dispersing each component for 20 min after each addition;
[0094] Step S3: Increase the stirring speed of the mixing tank to 600 r / min, add 10g wetting agent A, 1g wetting agent B and 2g transfer agent at this stirring speed, disperse for 20 min, then add 1g hand feel agent, disperse for 30 min, then add 0.5g defoamer, disperse for 20 min; finally add 1g pH adjuster, disperse for 20 min, and obtain the pre-processed product.
[0095] Step S4: Dilute the pre-processed product with 100g of deionized water, and then filter it through a 300-mesh filter bag to obtain the water-based reverse surface oil finished product.
[0096] In this embodiment, acrylic emulsion A was prepared using Preparation Example 1, acrylic emulsion B was prepared using Preparation Example 2, acrylic emulsion C was prepared using Preparation Example 3, and the waterborne acrylic resin was prepared using Preparation Example 4.
[0097] In this embodiment, the film-forming aid is Dow DPM, wetting agent A is Cytec OT-75, wetting agent B is Air Chemical 440, abrasion resistant agent is Macquarie 91240, hand feel agent is Dow DC51, defoamer is Dow DC65, transfer agent is Mingling PUR80, and pH stabilizer is Dow AMP-95.
[0098] Examples 2-7
[0099] The difference between Examples 2-7 and Example 1 lies in the amount, type, and process of the raw materials used, as detailed in Table 1 below.
[0100] Table 1. Amount, type, and process of raw materials used in Examples 1-7
[0101]
[0102]
[0103]
[0104]
[0105] Comparative Example
[0106] Comparative Example 1
[0107] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that acrylic emulsion B in Example 1 is replaced with an equal amount of acrylic emulsion A.
[0108] Comparative Example 2
[0109] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that acrylic emulsion A in Example 1 was replaced with an equal amount of acrylic emulsion B.
[0110] Comparative Example 3
[0111] The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that the acrylic emulsion C in Example 1 is replaced with an equal amount of acrylic emulsion A.
[0112] Comparative Example 4
[0113] The difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 1 is that wetting agent B in Example 1 is replaced with an equal amount of wetting agent A.
[0114] Performance testing
[0115] The finished products prepared by the methods of Examples 1-7 and the finished products prepared by the methods of Comparative Examples 1-4 were subjected to appearance testing, viscosity testing, drying speed testing, gloss testing, adhesion testing, abrasion resistance testing, dry sticking resistance testing, wet resistance testing, slip angle testing, and sanding effect testing. The testing methods are shown in Table 2 below.
[0116] Table 2 Performance Test Methods
[0117]
[0118]
[0119] The finished products prepared by the methods in Examples 1-7 and the finished products prepared by the methods in Comparative Examples 1-4 were subjected to appearance tests, viscosity tests, drying speed tests, gloss tests, adhesion tests, abrasion resistance tests, dry sticking resistance tests, wet resistance tests, slip angle tests, and sanding effect tests. The test results are shown in Table 3 below for the test results of Examples 1-7 and Table 4 below for the test results of Comparative Examples 1-4.
[0120] Table 3 Test Results of Examples 1-7
[0121]
[0122] As shown in Table 3 above, the water-based reverse topcoat prepared in Example 1 exhibits excellent performance in all aspects, achieving top-tier results in viscosity, drying speed, gloss, abrasion resistance, anti-dry sticking, moisture resistance, adhesion, slip angle, and sandblasting effect. It solves the problem of conventional high-gloss water-based topcoats struggling to form uniformly distributed, high-density sand particles and balances the contradiction between abrasion resistance and slip angle. In Example 2, the product's abrasion resistance decreased significantly, and gloss, anti-dry sticking, moisture resistance, and sandblasting effect all decreased substantially, while the slip angle increased. This is because the removal of methyl methacrylate hard monomers from acrylic emulsion A reduced coating hardness, loosened the crosslinking network, and decreased abrasion resistance, compressive strength, and hydrophobicity. In Example 3, the product's gloss decreased, and the slip angle significantly decreased. This is because the removal of butyl acrylate from acrylic emulsion A reduced coating film-forming properties, resulting in decreased gloss; the increased hardness caused a decrease in the slip angle. In Example 4, the product's gloss decreased significantly, and drying speed, anti-dry tack, anti-wet tack, and sanding effect all decreased. This was attributed to the removal of styrene from acrylic emulsion B, resulting in reduced coating hardness and a lack of styrene crosslinking. The absence of styrene made it difficult for isooctyl acrylate to drive the topcoat to directional shrinkage on the basecoat, thus reducing the sanding effect. In Example 5, the product's adhesion and slip angle decreased. This was also due to the removal of isooctyl acrylate from acrylic emulsion B, leading to decreased system flexibility. In Example 6, gloss, abrasion resistance, anti-dry tack, anti-wet tack, and sanding effect decreased. This was because acrylic emulsion C lacked styrene to provide rigidity, resulting in reduced system hardness. In Example 7, anti-adhesion and slip angle decreased significantly. This was because acrylic emulsion C lacked butyl acrylate, reducing coating toughness, and styrene alone was difficult to form a dense film.
[0123] Table 4. Test results of Comparative Examples 1-4
[0124]
[0125] As shown in Table 3 above, the functional effects of the products obtained in Comparative Examples 1-4 are significantly different from those in Example 1. Comparative Examples 1-3, in particular, demonstrate that the synergistic effect of the three acrylic emulsions plays a crucial role in the overall system. Acrylic emulsion A provides the coating with high abrasion resistance and high compressive strength; acrylic emulsion B provides the coating with high hydrophobicity and reduces the surface energy of the matte layer and low tackiness; and acrylic emulsion C imparts high gloss and high adhesion to the coating. The dense cross-linked network formed by the three acrylic emulsions and the water-based acrylic resin creates a stable micro-sand structure, ensuring the stability of the matte micro-sand structure under friction and allowing the abrasion-resistant agent to be uniformly embedded without increasing the coating's slip angle. Comparative Example 4 demonstrates that the dual wetting agent imparts better gloss and viscosity to the product, and improves its anti-dry sticking, anti-wet properties, and hot stamping performance.
[0126] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A water-based reverse-flow surface oil, characterized in that, The product comprises the following components by weight percentage: 5-15% waterborne acrylic resin, 20-30% acrylic emulsion A, 20-30% acrylic emulsion B, 20-30% acrylic emulsion C, 1-5% film-forming aid, 1-3% wetting agent A, 0.1-1% wetting agent B, 5-10% abrasion resistant agent, 0.1-0.5% hand feel agent, 0.05-0.1% defoamer, 0.2-2% transfer agent, and 0.1-1% pH stabilizer. The acrylic emulsion A comprises the following raw materials: 30-50% deionized water, 30-50% protective colloid, 0.5-1% emulsifier, 0.1-1% initiator, 20-30% methyl methacrylate, 1-5% butyl acrylate, 1-5% isooctyl acrylate, and 0.5-1% crosslinking monomer. The acrylic emulsion B comprises the following raw materials: 30-50% deionized water, 30-50% protective colloid, 0.5-1% emulsifier, 0.1-1% initiator, 20-30% styrene, 1-5% isooctyl acrylate, and 0.5-1% crosslinking monomer. The acrylic emulsion C comprises the following raw materials: 30-50% deionized water, 30-50% protective colloid, 0.5-1% emulsifier, 0.1-1% initiator, 5-15% styrene, 20-30% butyl acrylate, and 0.5-1% crosslinking monomer. The wetting agent A is Cytec OT-75, and the wetting agent B is Air Chemical 440 or Air Chemical 104E.
2. The water-based reverse-flow surface oil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waterborne acrylic resin is prepared by the following steps: 60-70% deionized water is added to a reaction vessel, then 25-35% alkali-soluble solid acrylic resin with a molecular weight of less than 10,000 is added to the reaction vessel, then 5-7% ammonia and 1-3% ethanolamine are added, and the reaction temperature is controlled at 60°C for 3 hours.
3. The water-based reverse-flow surface oil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acrylic emulsion A is prepared by the following steps: Step A1: Add deionized water to the reaction vessel, then add alkali-soluble solid acrylic resin, ammonia and ethanolamine, heat to 60°C to react, and obtain a protective colloid after the solid in the reaction vessel is completely dissolved. Step A2: Add water, emulsifier, methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, isooctyl acrylate, and crosslinking monomer to a pre-emulsification tank for pre-emulsification to obtain a pre-emulsified liquid; Step A3: Add 5-15% of the pre-emulsion obtained in step S2 to the reactor in step S1, then raise the internal temperature of the reactor to 65°C, add initiator one, control the reaction temperature to 80-90°C, and react for 30-45 minutes to obtain the first-stage emulsified product. Step A4: Add the remaining pre-emulsion and initiator II to the first-stage emulsion product, and add them over 3-5 hours. Control the reaction temperature at 80-90℃. After the addition is complete, keep the temperature at 80-90℃ for 1 hour to obtain the second-stage emulsion product. Step A5: Cool the internal temperature of the reactor to 70°C, add the oxidizing and reducing agents to eliminate the reaction, react for 30 minutes, then lower the internal temperature of the reactor to 50°C and adjust the pH of the solution to 8.0-9.0 to obtain the finished product.
4. The water-based reverse-flow surface oil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acrylic emulsion B is prepared by the following steps: Step B1: Add deionized water to the reaction vessel, then add alkali-soluble solid acrylic resin, ammonia and ethanolamine, heat to 60°C to react, and obtain a protective colloid after the solid in the reaction vessel is completely dissolved. Step B2: Add water, emulsifier, styrene, isooctyl acrylate, and crosslinking monomer to a pre-emulsification tank for pre-emulsification to obtain a pre-emulsified liquid; Step B3: Add 5-15% of the pre-emulsion obtained in step S2 to the reactor in step S1, then raise the internal temperature of the reactor to 65°C, add initiator one, control the reaction temperature to 80-90°C, and react for 30-45 minutes to obtain the first-stage emulsified product. Step B4: Add the remaining pre-emulsion and initiator II to the first-stage emulsion product, and add them over 3-5 hours. Control the reaction temperature at 80-90℃. After the addition is complete, keep the temperature at 80-90℃ for 1 hour to obtain the second-stage emulsion product. Step B5: Cool the internal temperature of the reactor to 70°C, add the oxidizing and reducing agents to eliminate the reaction, react for 30 minutes, then lower the internal temperature of the reactor to 50°C, adjust the pH value to 8.0-9.0, and obtain the finished product.
5. The water-based reverse-flow surface oil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acrylic emulsion C is prepared by the following steps: Step C1: Add deionized water to the reaction vessel, then add alkali-soluble solid acrylic resin, ammonia and ethanolamine, heat to 60°C to react, and obtain a protective colloid after the solid in the reaction vessel is completely dissolved. Step C2: Add water, emulsifier, styrene, butyl acrylate, and crosslinking monomer to a pre-emulsification tank for pre-emulsification to obtain a pre-emulsified liquid; Step C3: Add 5-15% of the pre-emulsion obtained in step S2 to the reactor in step S1, then raise the internal temperature of the reactor to 65°C, add initiator one, control the reaction temperature to 80-90°C, and react for 30-45 minutes to obtain the first-stage emulsified product. Step C4: Add the remaining pre-emulsion and initiator II to the first-stage emulsion product, and add them over 3-5 hours. Control the reaction temperature at 80-90℃. After the addition is complete, keep the temperature at 80-90℃ for 1 hour to obtain the second-stage emulsion product. Step C5: Cool the internal temperature of the reactor to 70°C, add the oxidizing and reducing agents to eliminate the reaction, react for 30 minutes, then cool the internal temperature of the reactor to 50°C, adjust the pH value to 8.0-9.0, and obtain the finished product.
6. A water-based reverse-flow surface oil according to any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that: The oxidizing agent used in the preparation of acrylic emulsion A, acrylic emulsion B, and acrylic emulsion C is tert-butyl hydrogen peroxide, and the reducing agent used in the preparation of acrylic emulsion A, acrylic emulsion B, and acrylic emulsion C is sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate.
7. The water-based reverse-flow surface oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The film-forming aid is Dow DPM, the wetting agent A is Cytec OT-75, and the wetting agent B is Air Chemical 440 or Air Chemical 104E.
8. The water-based reverse-flow surface oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wear-resistant agent is either Macquarie 91240 or Arkema 7605, the hand feel agent is Dow DC51, the defoamer is Dow DC65, the transfer agent is Mingling PUR80, and the pH stabilizer is Dow AMP-95.
9. A method for preparing an aqueous reverse-flow surface oil as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Add acrylic emulsion A, acrylic emulsion B, and acrylic emulsion C to the mixing tank, start stirring at a speed of 200-300 r / min, and disperse for 10-20 min; Step S2: While continuously stirring in the mixing tank at a speed of 200-300 r / min, add the water-based acrylic resin, film-forming aid, and wear-resistant aid in sequence, dispersing each component for 10-20 min after each addition; Step S3: Increase the stirring speed of the mixing tank to 400-600 r / min. At this stirring speed, add wetting agent A, wetting agent B, and transfer agent, and disperse for 10-20 min. Then add the hand feel agent and disperse for 20-30 min. Next, add the defoamer and disperse for 10-20 min. Finally, add the pH adjuster and disperse for 10-20 min to obtain the pre-processed product. Step S4: Adjust the viscosity of the pre-processed product using a diluent or thickener, and then filter it through a 100-300 mesh filter bag to obtain the finished water-based reverse surface oil.
10. The method for preparing an aqueous reverse-flow surface oil according to claim 9, characterized in that: The diluent used in step S4 is deionized water, and the thickener used is Mingling PUR80.