Method and System for Decoding Raw Data of Controllable Shock Source
By extracting sample data segments from the zero-shot-distance geophone channel data and performing sliding window correlation analysis, the raw data of controllable shock sources is automatically decoded, solving the problem of low decoding efficiency and achieving efficient data decoding.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA MERCHANTS CHONGQING COMM RES & DESIGN INST
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, the raw data decoding efficiency of controllable shock sources is low, which cannot meet the needs of actual engineering.
By extracting sample data segments from the zero-shot-distance detector channel data, using a sliding window for data extraction and correlation analysis, automatically selecting the points with maximum correlation, extracting data segments from the original data according to a fixed length, and superimposing and averaging them, automatic decoding is achieved.
It improves the decoding efficiency of raw data from controllable shock sources and enables automatic decoding without the need for manual searching of the corresponding seismic wave data for each excitation.
Smart Images
Figure CN120928424B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of earthquake data processing technology, specifically to a method and system for decoding raw data from a controllable shock source. Background Technology
[0002] In shallow seismic exploration, a common method for decoding is to repeatedly excite and receive seismic waves at the same point and then superimpose them to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the data at that point. Traditional seismic sources are single-impact types, such as hammer, pneumatic, and electromagnetic sources. After a single excitation, the source needs to recharge and wait for the next excitation, making continuous operation impossible and limiting the number of excitations. Therefore, the processing of raw data typically involves manually searching the seismic records for the seismic waves received after each excitation and superimposing them for decoding. Controlled-impact sources, however, can achieve continuous excitation at a set frequency, typically hundreds of times at the same point, significantly improving the data SNR. If manual superposition is still used for decoding raw data from controlled-impact sources, the decoding efficiency will be too low to meet practical engineering requirements. Summary of the Invention
[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a method and system for decoding raw data from controllable shock sources. This method can automatically extract and superimpose data received by the detector after the shock source is excited, thereby improving the decoding efficiency of raw data from controllable shock sources. The specific technical solution is as follows:
[0004] In a first aspect, a method for decoding raw data of a controllable shock source is provided. In a first implementable manner of this first aspect, the method includes:
[0005] Extract sample data segments from the zero-shot-detector channel data of the raw data;
[0006] Starting from the first data point of the zero-shot-to-detector channel data, data is extracted from the zero-shot-to-detector channel data through a sliding window;
[0007] Calculate the correlation value between each extracted window data segment and the sample data segment, and filter out the maximum value points that are greater than the correlation threshold;
[0008] Starting from the time corresponding to each maximum point, extract the corresponding data segments from the original data according to a fixed length, and calculate the average value of all data segments to obtain the decoded data corresponding to the original data.
[0009] In conjunction with the first possible implementation of the first aspect, in the second possible implementation of the first aspect, the sample data segment is extracted from the zero-shot-detector channel data, including:
[0010] The waveform curve was plotted based on the zero-shot-detector-distance detector channel data in the original data.
[0011] Starting from the moment corresponding to the first jump point in the waveform curve, a data segment of a certain duration is extracted from the zero-shot-detector channel data as a sample data segment.
[0012] In conjunction with the first possible implementation of the first aspect, in the third possible implementation of the first aspect, a sliding window is set according to the sample length of the sample data segment.
[0013] In conjunction with the first possible implementation of the first aspect, in the fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, the correlation value between the window data segment and the sample data segment is calculated, including:
[0014] Calculate the variance and covariance for the window data segment and the sample data segment respectively;
[0015] The correlation value between the window data segment and the sample data segment is calculated based on the corresponding variance and covariance.
[0016] Secondly, a controllable shock source raw data decoding system is provided, which, in the first implementable method of the first aspect, includes:
[0017] The sample extraction module is configured to extract sample data segments from the zero-shot-detector channel data of the original data.
[0018] The data extraction module is configured to extract data from the zero-shot-detector channel data starting from the first data point of the zero-shot-detector channel data through a sliding window.
[0019] The correlation analysis module is configured to calculate the correlation value between each extracted window data segment and the sample data segment, and to filter out the maximum value points that are greater than the correlation threshold.
[0020] The data decoding module is configured to extract corresponding data segments from the original data according to a fixed length, starting from the time corresponding to each maximum point, and calculate the average value of all data segments to obtain the decoded data corresponding to the original data.
[0021] In conjunction with the first possible implementation of the second aspect, in the second possible implementation of the second aspect, the sample extraction module includes:
[0022] The curve plotting unit is configured to plot waveform curves based on the zero-shot-detector-track data from the original data.
[0023] The sample extraction unit is configured to extract a data segment of a certain duration from the zero-shot-detector channel data, starting from the time corresponding to the first jump point in the waveform curve.
[0024] In conjunction with the first possible implementation of the second aspect, in the third possible implementation of the second aspect, the data extraction module sets a sliding window according to the sample length of the sample data segment.
[0025] In conjunction with the first possible implementation of the second aspect, in the fourth possible implementation of the second aspect, the correlation analysis module includes:
[0026] The data segment calculation unit is configured to calculate the variance and covariance of the window data segment and the sample data segment, respectively.
[0027] The correlation analysis unit is configured to calculate the correlation value between the window data segment and the sample data segment based on the corresponding variance and covariance.
[0028] Beneficial Effects: The controlled-impact source raw data decoding method and system of this invention can extract the seismic wave sample data segment received by the detector after the first excitation of the source from the zero-shot-to-detector channel data. A window data segment is extracted from the zero-shot-to-detector channel data using a sliding window, and correlation analysis is performed with the data in the sample data segment. Based on the obtained correlation value, the data segment corresponding to each excitation can be automatically found from the raw data. Finally, the data from all segments are superimposed and averaged to achieve controlled-impact source raw data decoding. This eliminates the need for manual searching of the seismic wave data corresponding to each excitation in the controlled-impact source raw data, thereby improving the decoding efficiency of controlled-impact source raw data. Attached Figure Description
[0029] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the specific embodiments will be briefly described below. In all the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.
[0030] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for decoding raw data of a controllable shock source according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 2 This is a system block diagram of a controllable shock source raw data decoding system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0032] Figure 3 Raw data for a controllable shock source;
[0033] Figure 4 From Figure 3 The zero-shot-detector trace data extracted from the original data shown;
[0034] Figure 5 From Figure 4 The sample data segment extracted from the zero-shot-detector channel data is shown below.
[0035] Figure 6 Based on Figure 5 The correlation curve obtained by performing correlation analysis on the sample data segment shown;
[0036] Figure 7 for Figure 3 The decoded data corresponding to the original data shown. Detailed Implementation
[0037] The embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and are therefore intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0038] like Figure 1 The flowchart shown illustrates a method for decoding raw data from a controllable shock source. This decoding method includes:
[0039] Step 1: Extract sample data segments from the zero-shot-detector channel data of the original data;
[0040] Step 2: Starting from the first data point of the zero-shot-to-detector channel data, extract the data of the zero-shot-to-detector channel data through a sliding window;
[0041] Step 3: Calculate the correlation value between each extracted window data segment and the sample data segment, and filter out the maximum value points that are greater than the correlation threshold;
[0042] Step 4: Starting from the time corresponding to each maximum point, extract the corresponding data segments from the original data according to a fixed length, and calculate the average value of all data segments to obtain the decoded data corresponding to the original data.
[0043] Specifically, firstly, the raw data can be obtained from the zero-shot-detector trace data, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the zero-shot-detector channel data is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the seismic waves received by the geophone after the initial excitation of a controlled-impact source are extracted as sample data segments. Then, starting from the first data point of the zero-shot-distance geophone channel data, data segments are extracted from the zero-shot-distance geophone channel data according to a set sliding window. Next, an existing correlation algorithm is used to calculate the correlation value between each extracted window data segment and the sample data segment. The maximum value is selected from these correlation values, and the obtained maximum correlation value is compared with a preset correlation threshold.
[0044] If the maximum correlation value is less than the correlation threshold, the data segment corresponding to that maximum correlation value will not participate in the subsequent decoding process. If the maximum correlation value is greater than the correlation threshold, then that maximum correlation value will participate in the subsequent decoding process. Finally, starting from the time corresponding to the first data point in the data segment corresponding to the maximum correlation value participating in the decoding process, data segments of fixed length are extracted from the original data. The extracted data segments are the seismic wave data corresponding to this impact. The data from all the data segments extracted from the original data are superimposed and averaged. For example, if a total of 50 data segments are extracted from the original data, the data from all 50 segments are superimposed and the average is calculated to obtain the decoded data corresponding to the original data. The obtained decoded data is as follows: Figure 7 As shown.
[0045] By performing correlation analysis on the window data extracted from the zero-shot-distance geophone channel data and the sample data segment, the starting time of each impact of the controllable shock source can be determined. In this way, the seismic wave data after each excitation can be automatically extracted from the raw data and superimposed and averaged to realize the superposition decoding of the controllable shock source and improve the decoding efficiency of the raw data of the controllable shock source.
[0046] In this embodiment, optionally, extracting sample data segments from the zero-shot-detector channel data includes:
[0047] The waveform curve was plotted based on the zero-shot-detector-distance detector channel data in the original data.
[0048] Starting from the moment corresponding to the first jump point in the waveform curve, a data segment of a certain duration is extracted from the zero-shot-detector channel data as a sample data segment.
[0049] Specifically, firstly, a waveform curve can be plotted using the zero-shot-detector channel data. Then, the first trigger point can be marked on the waveform curve. This first trigger point is the excitation point of the first impact of the controlled shock source. Starting from the time corresponding to the first trigger point, a corresponding data segment can be extracted from the zero-shot-detector channel data according to a set extraction duration as a sample data segment. The extraction duration can be set according to the required retention time after final decoding. The extracted sample data segment is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the sample data segment represents the received seismic waves corresponding to the first impact, which can provide a basis for subsequent correlation analysis to extract the seismic wave data corresponding to each impact from the raw data.
[0050] In this embodiment, optionally, a sliding window is set according to the sample length of the sample data segment.
[0051] In this embodiment, optionally, calculating the correlation value between the window data segment and the sample data segment includes:
[0052] Calculate the variance and covariance for the window data segment and the sample data segment respectively;
[0053] The correlation value between the window data segment and the sample data segment is calculated based on the corresponding variance and covariance.
[0054] Specifically, firstly, based on the data in the sample data segment and the window data segment, existing variance and covariance algorithms can be used to calculate the variance and covariance corresponding to the sample data segment and the window data segment, respectively. Then, based on the variance and covariance of the sample data segment and the window data segment, the correlation value between the extracted window data segment and the sample data segment can be calculated. The specific calculation formula is as follows:
[0055] .
[0056] in, For covariance, , These are the variances corresponding to the sample data segment and the window data segment, respectively. , These are the sample data segment and the window data segment, respectively.
[0057] After calculating the correlation values for all window data segments, a correlation curve can be constructed based on these values, as shown in the figure. Figure 6 As shown, the horizontal axis of the correlation curve can be the correlation value, and the vertical axis can be the time corresponding to the first data point in the window data segment corresponding to the correlation value.
[0058] After constructing the correlation curve, the maximum points are selected from the correlation curve, and then the maximum points with correlation values greater than the preset correlation threshold are extracted from the maximum points. Taking the time corresponding to each extracted maximum point in the correlation curve as the starting point, the data segments corresponding to each impact are extracted from the original data according to the sample length of the sample data segments. The extracted data segments contain the seismic wave data corresponding to each impact. The original data is decoded by superimposing and averaging the data in all data segments.
[0059] like Figure 2 The system block diagram shown is for a controllable shock source raw data decoding system. The decoding system includes:
[0060] The sample extraction module is configured to extract sample data segments from the zero-shot-detector channel data of the original data.
[0061] The data extraction module is configured to extract data from the zero-shot-detector channel data starting from the first data point of the zero-shot-detector channel data through a sliding window.
[0062] The correlation analysis module is configured to calculate the correlation value between each extracted window data segment and the sample data segment, and to filter out the maximum value points that are greater than the correlation threshold.
[0063] The data decoding module is configured to extract corresponding data segments from the original data according to a fixed length, starting from the time corresponding to each maximum point, and calculate the average value of all data segments to obtain the decoded data corresponding to the original data.
[0064] Specifically, the decoding system includes a sample extraction module, a data extraction module, a correlation analysis module, and a data decoding module. The sample extraction module extracts seismic wave data received by the geophone after the first excitation of a controlled-impact source from the raw zero-shot-detector channel data as sample data segments. The data extraction module extracts data segments from the zero-shot-detector channel data, starting from the first data point and following a pre-defined sliding window. The correlation analysis module uses existing correlation algorithms to calculate the correlation value between each extracted window data segment and the sample data segment, selects the maximum correlation value, and compares the obtained maximum correlation value with a preset correlation threshold.
[0065] If the maximum correlation value is less than the correlation threshold, the window data segment corresponding to that maximum correlation value will not participate in the subsequent decoding process. If the maximum correlation value is greater than the correlation threshold, then that maximum correlation value will participate in the subsequent decoding process. The data decoding module takes the time corresponding to the first data point in the window data segment corresponding to the maximum value point participating in the subsequent decoding process as the starting point, extracts data segments from the original data according to a fixed length, and calculates the average value of the data in all data segments to obtain the corresponding decoded data.
[0066] By performing correlation analysis on window data extracted from zero-shot-detector channel data and sample data segments using the correlation analysis module, the starting time of each impact of a controlled shock source can be determined. The data decoding module can then automatically extract the received seismic wave data after each impact from the raw data, perform superposition and averaging, and achieve superposition decoding of controlled shock sources, improving the decoding efficiency of raw data from controlled shock sources.
[0067] In this embodiment, optionally, the sample extraction module includes:
[0068] The curve plotting unit is configured to plot waveform curves based on the zero-shot-detector-track data from the original data.
[0069] The sample extraction unit is configured to extract a data segment of a certain duration from the zero-shot-detector channel data, starting from the time corresponding to the first jump point in the waveform curve.
[0070] Specifically, the sample extraction module includes a curve plotting unit and a sample extraction unit. The curve plotting unit can plot the corresponding waveform curve from the zero-shot-detector channel data. The sample extraction unit can mark the first trigger point on the waveform curve. The first trigger point is the excitation point of the first impact of the controlled shock source. Starting from the time corresponding to the first trigger point, the unit can extract corresponding data segments from the zero-shot-detector channel data according to a set extraction duration as sample data segments. These sample data segments represent the received seismic waves corresponding to the first impact, providing a basis for subsequent correlation analysis to extract seismic wave data corresponding to each impact from the original data.
[0071] In this embodiment, optionally, the data extraction module sets a sliding window based on the sample length of the sample data segment.
[0072] In this embodiment, optionally, the correlation analysis module includes:
[0073] The data segment calculation unit is configured to calculate the variance and covariance of the window data segment and the sample data segment, respectively.
[0074] The correlation analysis unit is configured to calculate the correlation value between the window data segment and the sample data segment based on the corresponding variance and covariance.
[0075] Specifically, the data extraction module includes a data segment calculation unit and a correlation analysis unit. The data calculation unit can calculate the variance and covariance of the sample data segment and the window data segment respectively, using existing variance and covariance algorithms. The correlation analysis unit can calculate the correlation value between the extracted window data segment and the sample data segment based on the variance and covariance of the sample data segment and the window data segment, as shown in the formula above.
[0076] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for decoding raw data of a controllable shock source, characterized in that, include: Extract sample data segments from the zero-shot-detector channel data of the raw data; Starting from the first data point of the zero-shot-to-detector channel data, data is extracted from the zero-shot-to-detector channel data through a sliding window; Calculate the correlation value between each extracted window data segment and the sample data segment, and filter out the maximum value points that are greater than the correlation threshold; Starting from the time corresponding to each maximum point, extract the corresponding data segments from the original data according to a fixed length, and calculate the average value of all data segments to obtain the decoded data corresponding to the original data.
2. The method for decoding raw data of a controllable shock source according to claim 1, characterized in that, Sample data segments are extracted from the zero-shot-detector channel data, including: The waveform curve was plotted based on the zero-shot-detector-distance detector channel data in the original data. Starting from the moment corresponding to the first jump point in the waveform curve, a data segment of a certain duration is extracted from the zero-shot-detector channel data as a sample data segment.
3. The method for decoding raw data of a controllable shock source according to claim 1, characterized in that, Set a sliding window based on the sample length of the sample data segment.
4. The method for decoding raw data of a controllable shock source according to claim 1, characterized in that, Calculate the correlation value between the window data segment and the sample data segment, including: Calculate the variance and covariance for the window data segment and the sample data segment respectively; The correlation value between the window data segment and the sample data segment is calculated based on the corresponding variance and covariance.
5. A controllable shock source raw data decoding system, characterized in that, include: The sample extraction module is configured to extract sample data segments from the zero-shot-detector-distance geophone channel data of the original data. The data extraction module is configured to extract data from the zero-shot-detector channel data starting from the first data point of the zero-shot-detector channel data through a sliding window. The correlation analysis module is configured to calculate the correlation value between each extracted window data segment and the sample data segment, and to filter out the maximum value points that are greater than the correlation threshold. The data decoding module is configured to extract corresponding data segments from the original data according to a fixed length, starting from the time corresponding to each maximum point, and then superimpose and average all data segments to obtain the decoded data corresponding to the original data.
6. The controllable shock source raw data decoding system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sample extraction module includes: The curve plotting unit is configured to plot waveform curves based on the zero-shot-detector-track data from the original data. The sample extraction unit is configured to extract a data segment of a certain duration from the zero-shot-detector channel data, starting from the time corresponding to the first jump point in the waveform curve.
7. The controllable shock source raw data decoding system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The data extraction module sets a sliding window based on the sample length of the sample data segment.
8. The controllable shock source raw data decoding system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The correlation analysis module includes: The data segment calculation unit is configured to calculate the variance and covariance of the window data segment and the sample data segment, respectively. The correlation analysis unit is configured to calculate the correlation value between the window data segment and the sample data segment based on the corresponding variance and covariance.