A multi-mode ultrasound and image-based respiration detection method and a hookah-type respiration detection device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on multi-mode ultrasound and image respiratory detection method and water pipe type respiratory detection device, method includes: calibration respiratory detection device, ensure that the liquid level and negative pressure in device are normal;According to the indication, exhale detection is carried out, inhaled gas enters liquid seal passage by air inlet pipe, is discharged by air outlet pipe after passing through liquid, and the gas and liquid data in device are collected, the gas and liquid data in device are stored and transmitted to cloud background;According to the indication, inhale detection is carried out, air enters liquid seal passage by air inlet pipe, is inhaled into the body of subject by air outlet pipe after passing through liquid, and the gas and liquid data in device are collected, the gas and liquid data in device are stored and transmitted to cloud background;Respiratory detection parameter is obtained using the gas and liquid data in device, and respiratory function is evaluated according to respiratory detection parameter.The application provides a kind of high-precision, high reliability, anti-interference, easy maintenance respiratory detection device and method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of respiratory function testing, specifically relating to a respiratory testing method based on multimodal ultrasound and imaging, and a hookah-style respiratory testing device. Background Technology

[0002] Breath testing is a medical testing method that assesses health status by analyzing respiratory gases or respiratory function (inhalation and exhalation), and is mainly used for disease screening, diagnosis, and monitoring. One of the purposes of breath testing is to assess respiratory function, mainly including pulmonary ventilation function testing (assessing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, etc.), pulmonary diffusion capacity testing (diagnosing gas exchange disorders such as interstitial pneumonia), and nitric oxide breath test (detecting airway inflammation).

[0003] The core indicators of respiratory testing can be divided into three categories: basic respiratory parameters, pulmonary function indicators and gas analysis indicators. Basic respiratory parameters include (1) tidal volume (VT): the amount of air inhaled / exhaled during each breath at rest; (2) respiratory rate: the normal range for adults is 12-20 breaths / minute; (3) pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2): the normal value is ≥94%, and a value below 90% indicates severe hypoxia.

[0004] The main indicators of lung function include (1) vital capacity (VC): the amount of air that can be rapidly exhaled after maximum inspiration, used to assess obstructive or restrictive ventilatory disorders; (2) exhalation-in-one-second rate (FEV1 / VC): the normal value is ≥83%, and a value below this is abnormal; (3) total lung capacity (TLC): a value greater than the normal value may indicate emphysema, and a value less than the normal value may indicate restrictive lung disease.

[0005] The main gas analysis indicators include (1) arterial blood gas analysis pH value: 7.35-7.45 (acid-base balance); (2) PaO2: 80-100 mmHg for adults (reflecting oxygenation function); (3) PaCO2: 35-45 mmHg (assessing ventilation efficiency); (4) respiratory index (RI): the ratio of alveolar ventilation to resting ventilation, normal 1-30, abnormal indicates impaired lung function.

[0006] Other special test indicators include (1) Peak expiratory flow (PEF): assesses airway resistance; (2) Diffusion capacity (DLCO): detects lung gas exchange capacity, which refers to the ability of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) to be exchanged between alveoli and capillaries through the alveolar-capillary membrane.

[0007] Current respiratory detection technologies commonly use flow measurement techniques, employing different physical principles to quantify respiratory airflow. These primarily include hot-wire, turbine, differential pressure, and traditional ultrasonic flow meters. Hot-wire flow meters detect respiratory airflow by utilizing the temperature-dependent resistance of a micro-resistance wire. By heating the wire and using a constant temperature difference amplifier circuit, airflow is measured. However, this method is susceptible to interference from humidity and temperature fluctuations in exhaled gas, and long-term use leads to contaminant buildup on the micro-resistance wire surface, causing a continuous decrease in accuracy and requiring frequent calibration. Turbine flow meters measure respiratory airflow by generating pulse signals through impeller rotation driven by fluid. Long-term impeller wear directly shortens the equipment's lifespan and affects measurement accuracy due to impeller inertia. Differential pressure flow meters calculate respiratory airflow by dividing the pipe into two or more different cross-sections and utilizing the pressure difference generated by the change in cross-sectional area. They commonly use nozzles and orifice plates as throttling devices: the former is prone to clogging and requires frequent cleaning; the latter has a lower yield rate, larger pressure drop, and lower measurement accuracy than nozzles. Traditional ultrasonic flow meters use air as the transmission medium, offering a non-invasive and interference-free detection method. They lack moving parts like turbines and heating elements (such as hot wires), do not alter airflow temperature, do not obstruct airflow, and have minimal interference with the breathing process. However, ultrasonic waves in air experience significant attenuation and strong signal interference, are sensitive to temperature and humidity, and the gas flow state significantly affects measurement accuracy. While these issues can be mitigated using high-power transmission modules and complex signal filtering algorithms, this relies on high-performance signal processing chips, resulting in high equipment costs.

[0008] In conclusion, there is an urgent need to provide a non-invasive and interference-free method for respiratory detection. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The main objective of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art and provide a breathing detection method and a hookah-style breathing detection device based on multimode ultrasound and imaging. By blowing and inhaling air into a liquid through a conduit, the ultrasonic waves can easily distinguish between liquid and gas as the gas travels through the liquid. Furthermore, the ultrasonic waves have the characteristics of low propagation attenuation and high signal-to-noise ratio in liquid media. Combined with imaging technology, this invention provides a high-precision, high-reliability, anti-interference, and easy-to-maintain breathing detection device and method.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0011] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a respiratory detection method based on multimodal ultrasound and imaging, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Calibrate the respiratory monitoring device to ensure that the liquid level and negative pressure inside the device are normal;

[0013] Perform the exhalation test as instructed. The inhaled air enters the liquid seal passage through the inlet tube, passes through the liquid, and is discharged through the outlet tube. The gas and liquid data inside the device are collected, stored, and transmitted to the cloud backend. The gas and liquid data inside the device include gas acoustic and optical data, liquid bubble motion images, liquid level inside the device, and negative pressure data inside the device.

[0014] Perform the inhalation test as instructed. Air enters the liquid seal passage through the inlet tube, passes through the liquid, and is then expelled through the outlet tube and inhaled into the subject's body. The gas and liquid data inside the device are collected, stored, and transmitted to the cloud backend.

[0015] Respiratory detection parameters are obtained using gas and liquid data within the device, and respiratory function is assessed based on these parameters.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the acquisition of gas acoustic-optical data includes: emitting mechanical ultrasonic waves and laser pulse ultrasonic waves into the gas inside the device, and acquiring the reflection, scattering and transmission signals of the ultrasonic waves; during data acquisition, the transmitting probes in the ultrasonic array are controlled to emit one by one according to a certain timing sequence and bitmap, and the receiving probes receive simultaneously, and the ultrasonic array is cyclically controlled until all transmitting probes have completed their execution.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, the acquisition of the liquid bubble motion image includes: detecting the bottom, side or top of the liquid in the device, and acquiring image information of the bubbles generated when the gas passes through the liquid.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution, the acquisition of liquid level and negative pressure data in the device includes: detecting the liquid level in the device, obtaining the liquid level height at the time of detection, detecting the negative pressure in the device, and obtaining the negative pressure data in the device.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution, the method of obtaining respiratory detection parameters using gas and liquid data within the device includes:

[0020] The cloud backend corrects the initial airflow data based on the gas volume of the air inlet pipe and the initial cavity, and then calculates based on the gas and liquid data in the device to obtain ultrasonic signal analysis data and gas properties. The ultrasonic signal analysis data includes ultrasonic signal spectrum, time delay, intensity, attenuation and Doppler frequency shift, and the gas properties include airflow velocity, airflow oxygen content and airflow volume.

[0021] Respiratory detection parameters are calculated based on ultrasound signal analysis data and gas properties, including tidal volume, respiratory rate, vital capacity, exhalation-in-one-second rate, and total lung capacity. Respiratory function is then assessed based on these parameters.

[0022] Secondly, the present invention also provides a hookah-style breathing detection device, applied to the breathing detection method based on multimode ultrasound and imaging, including a shell, an air inlet pipe, an air outlet pipe, a detection chamber, a multimode ultrasound detection module, an imaging detection module, a water level detection module, a negative pressure detection module, and an integrated module. The detection chamber includes a carrier with a fixed volume and an airtight cover. The integrated module includes a storage module, a communication module, a control module, and a power supply module.

[0023] The detection chamber is embedded inside the outer shell, and the airtight cover is airtightly connected to the detection chamber during use. The air inlet pipe is airtightly connected to the airtight cover, with one end located on the air side and the other end located at the lower part of the detection chamber. One end of the air outlet pipe is airtightly connected to the airtight cover, and this end is lower than the other end. The multi-mode ultrasonic detection module is located inside the detection chamber. The image detection module, water level detection module, and negative pressure detection module are all located in the airtight cover. The water level detection module is used to detect the water level inside the device, and the negative pressure detection module is used to detect the negative pressure. The integrated module is located in the outer shell.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution, the multimode ultrasound detection module includes multiple single-transmitter, multi-receiver ultrasound arrays, each ultrasound array comprising a mechanical ultrasound unit and a laser ultrasound unit, with the mechanical ultrasound unit and laser ultrasound unit alternately arranged.

[0025] As a preferred technical solution, the mechanical ultrasonic unit is a capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducer that generates and emits ultrasonic waves through mechanical vibration, and an ultrasonic receiving probe is arranged around the periphery to receive ultrasonic waves through mechanical vibration.

[0026] As a preferred technical solution, the laser ultrasound unit is a laser ultrasound transmitting probe that generates and transmits ultrasonic waves by laser excitation, and an outer ring is an ultrasound receiving probe that receives ultrasonic waves by mechanical vibration.

[0027] As a preferred technical solution, the top of the air inlet pipe or air outlet pipe is provided with a detachable disposable mouthpiece.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0029] (1) This invention utilizes the characteristics of low attenuation and high signal-to-noise ratio of ultrasonic waves in liquid medium to achieve high-sensitivity detection without expensive high-power transmission and signal processing chips. It is particularly good at capturing weak airflow and has no mechanical moving parts, long life and no maintenance required.

[0030] (2) This invention uses multimode ultrasound to collect ultrasonic detection data when gas passes through a liquid during exhalation and inhalation. There are various types of ultrasonic sensors, including mechanical ultrasonic sensors and laser ultrasonic sensors, each with its own advantages: mechanical ultrasonic sensors are inexpensive, while laser ultrasonic sensors have high detection accuracy. The capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) in the mechanical ultrasonic sensor is easy to flexibly arrange, can make close contact with curved surfaces, and is easy to place in the corner of the detection cavity.

[0031] (3) In addition to using ultrasonic detection to obtain detection data, this invention also uses imaging technology to collect image data of the degree of bubble boiling during exhalation and inhalation, as well as the water level height and air pressure data of the liquid in the detection chamber as auxiliary data. Through the fusion of multiple data and combined with big data analysis in the cloud background, more accurate respiratory detection parameters are obtained, thereby improving detection accuracy.

[0032] (4) The present invention uses ordinary liquid as the medium through which gas passes, thus completely eliminating the influence of gas temperature and humidity. The ultrasonic sensing element and the detection cavity are separated, avoiding direct interference from pollutants, which fundamentally ensures the stability and accuracy of long-term measurement.

[0033] (5) This invention draws on the structure of a hookah and uses ultrasonic technology to detect gas detection data in the process of exhalation and inhalation in a liquid. The device is simple, easy to operate, and has the characteristics of being small and practical. It can be used wirelessly, which is beneficial for home health care and daily monitoring. It is also suitable for use scenarios such as carrying it when going out. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a respiratory detection method based on multimodal ultrasound and imaging, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a connection architecture diagram of the hookah-type breathing detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hookah-style breathing detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hookah-style breathing detection device during exhalation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the hookah-style breathing detection device during inhalation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic detection array of the multimode ultrasonic detection module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the placement of the ultrasonic detection array in the multimode ultrasonic detection module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the ultrasonic detection array of the multimode ultrasonic detection module in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0044] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0045] Example 1.

[0046] Please see Figure 1 This embodiment provides a respiratory detection method based on multimodal ultrasound and imaging, including the following steps:

[0047] S1. Calibrate the respiratory monitoring device to ensure normal fluid level and negative pressure. Subjects should avoid strenuous exercise, a full meal, or smoking before testing to prevent affecting results. Start the device; the multi-mode ultrasound module, imaging module, fluid level module, and negative pressure module will begin operating.

[0048] The next steps, S2-S3, are a test of a complete breath.

[0049] S2. Perform exhalation testing as instructed. Inhaled gas enters the liquid seal passage through the inlet tube, passes through the liquid, and is discharged through the outlet tube. Collect gas and liquid data in the device, store the gas and liquid data in the device, and transmit it to the cloud backend. The gas and liquid data in the device include gas acoustic and optical data, liquid bubble motion images, liquid level in the device, and negative pressure data in the device.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, the exhalation test specifically includes the following steps:

[0051] S21. According to the test instructions, the subject presses their lips tightly against the mouthpiece of the air inlet tube and exhales as instructed. This is one exhalation process, during which some air bubbles will be generated in the detection chamber.

[0052] S22. Inhaled air enters the liquid seal passage through the inlet pipe, passes through the liquid, and is discharged through the outlet pipe. Part of the gas is used to replace and push the gas remaining in the pipe.

[0053] One explanation is that the liquid being transported is drinking water, and the exhaled gas mainly consists of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor. Carbon dioxide and water vapor are readily soluble, oxygen is slightly soluble, and nitrogen is poorly soluble. When the gas is blown underwater through a tube, it cannot dissolve (nitrogen is poorly soluble, and although carbon dioxide is readily soluble, it does not dissolve completely during "rapid blowing"), and thus it gathers in the water to form bubbles. These bubbles move upwards due to buoyancy, and their distinct shapes can be observed during this process.

[0054] S23, the multi-mode ultrasonic detection module emits mechanical ultrasonic waves and laser pulse ultrasonic waves respectively, and collects ultrasonic wave reflection, scattering, and transmission data; the image detection module collects image data of bubble movement. The water level detection module and the negative pressure detection module measure water level and negative pressure data as auxiliary data to support airflow measurement. Note: The emission here is controlled by the control module, which causes the transmitting probes in the ultrasonic array to emit one by one according to a certain timing sequence and a certain bitmap, and the receiving probes receive simultaneously; then it emits again, then receives again, and this process is repeated until the detection is completed.

[0055] S24. The control module stores ultrasound data, image data, water level and negative pressure data in the storage module and sends them to the cloud backend through the communication module.

[0056] To reduce detection errors, steps S21-S24 can be repeated to collect data from multiple exhalations.

[0057] S3. Perform the inhalation test as instructed. Air enters the liquid seal passage through the inlet pipe, passes through the liquid, and is then expelled through the outlet pipe into the subject's body. Collect gas and liquid data from the device, store the gas and liquid data from the device, and transmit it to the cloud backend.

[0058] like Figure 5 As shown, unlike the exhalation test, the inhalation test involves inhaling the gas from the testing chamber into the subject's body. The specific steps are as follows:

[0059] S31. According to the test instructions, the subject presses their lips tightly against the mouthpiece of the trachea and inhales as instructed. This is one inhalation process, during which some air bubbles will be generated in the test chamber.

[0060] S32. Air enters the liquid-sealed passage through the air inlet pipe, passes through the liquid, and is then expelled through the air outlet pipe and inhaled into the subject's body.

[0061] The S33 multimode ultrasonic detection module emits mechanical ultrasonic waves and laser pulse ultrasonic waves respectively, and collects data on the reflection, scattering, and transmission of ultrasonic waves; the image detection module collects image data of bubble movement. The water level detection module and the negative pressure detection module measure water level and negative pressure data as auxiliary data to support airflow measurement. Note: The emission here is controlled by the control module, which sequentially emits signals from the ultrasonic array probes according to a certain timing sequence and bitmap, while the receiving probes simultaneously receive signals; then the emission and reception are repeated until the detection is complete.

[0062] S34. The control module stores ultrasound data, image data, water level and negative pressure data in the storage module and sends them to the cloud backend through the communication module.

[0063] Similarly, in order to reduce detection errors, steps S31-S34 can be repeated to complete the data collection of multiple inhalation processes through multiple exhalations.

[0064] S4. Obtain respiratory detection parameters using gas and liquid data within the device, and assess respiratory function based on the respiratory detection parameters.

[0065] After data acquisition, data processing and evaluation will be performed. The cloud backend constructs a correction model based on experimental data and algorithms to eliminate or compensate for the influence of the initial cavity's air volume on the initial airflow, ensuring consistency at the start of the detection. Utilizing big data and artificial intelligence technology, ultrasound data, imaging data, water level, and negative pressure data from multiple exhalations and inhalations are integrated to calculate the ultrasound signal spectrum, delay, intensity, attenuation, and Doppler shift. Based on the spectrum, delay, intensity, attenuation, and Doppler shift, airflow velocity, airflow oxygen content, and airflow volume are calculated, thereby retrieving respiratory detection parameters including tidal volume (VT), respiratory rate, vital capacity (VC), exhalation-in-one-second rate (FEV1 / VC), and total lung capacity (TLC) for respiratory function assessment. It should be noted that because the initial cavity contains a certain amount of gas, data correction is necessary to remove its influence.

[0066] For ultrasonic signal analysis data, since the amount of exhaled gas is highly correlated with the number, volume, and motion characteristics of bubbles generated in water, ultrasound can capture the signal characteristics of these bubbles and detect the intensity or attenuation of ultrasonic echoes (transmitted waves, reflected waves, and refracted waves), thus reflecting the size of the bubbles. Analyzing the ultrasonic echo spectrum can reflect the gaseous properties of the bubbles, because different gases, such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen, have different intensities of reflection or absorption at various frequencies. Calculating the time delay reflects the distribution of bubbles, and analyzing the Doppler shift reflects the velocity of the bubbles. Ultrasonic signal analysis data is acoustic characteristic data.

[0067] Image data, which is video data acquired by a camera, is also optical feature data. This data can be used to analyze the size of bubbles in a liquid, the boiling and movement of bubbles, and complements ultrasonic data.

[0068] Water level and negative pressure data are also highly correlated with the amount of gas exhaled or inhaled.

[0069] These data allow us to directly calculate the time of a complete breath, which is the sum of the time for exhaling and inhaling air.

[0070] Since the aforementioned ultrasound data, imaging data, water level, and negative pressure data are all related to the volume of exhaled gas and the content of oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc., this data can be collected from different populations with different lung functions and vital capacities to form a big data set. This data can then be used to train a corresponding classification model using artificial intelligence technology. During testing, the cloud backend inputs this data into the classification model to obtain the corresponding gas attributes. From these gas attributes, respiratory detection parameters can be calculated: airflow velocity, airflow oxygen content, and airflow volume, etc. For example, tidal volume is the volume of air (airflow volume) in a single breath. Respiratory rate is the reciprocal of the time of a complete breath; the sum of the time for exhalation and the time for inhalation is the total time of a complete breath.

[0071] The assessment of respiratory function using respiratory testing parameters is a medical definition; see the background section, which mentions some parameters for evaluating respiratory function.

[0072] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the aforementioned method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the described order of actions, because according to the present invention, some steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously.

[0073] Based on the same concept as the respiratory detection method based on multimodal ultrasound and imaging in the above embodiments, the present invention also provides a respiratory detection system based on multimodal ultrasound and imaging, which can be used to perform the above-described respiratory detection method based on multimodal ultrasound and imaging. For ease of explanation, the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the respiratory detection system based on multimodal ultrasound and imaging only shows the parts related to the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that the illustrated structure does not constitute a limitation on the device, and may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0074] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 In another embodiment of this application, a hookah-style breathing detection device 100 is provided. The device includes a housing 101, an inlet pipe 102, an outlet pipe 103, a detection chamber 104, a multi-mode ultrasonic detection module 105, an image detection module 106, a water level detection module 107, a negative pressure detection module 108, and an integrated module 109. The detection chamber 104 includes a carrier with a fixed volume and an airtight cover. The integrated module 109 includes a storage module, a communication module, a control module, and a power module. The detection chamber 104 is embedded inside the housing 101. During use, the airtight cover and the detection chamber are in contact with the housing. The measuring cavity 104 is airtightly connected; the air inlet pipe 102 is airtightly connected to the airtight cover, with one end located on the air side and the other end located at the lower part of the measuring cavity 104; one end of the air outlet pipe 103 is airtightly connected to the airtight cover, and this end is lower than the other end; the multi-mode ultrasonic detection module 105 is located inside the measuring cavity 104; the image detection module 106, the water level detection module 107, and the negative pressure detection module 108 are all located in the airtight cover, the water level detection module 107 is used to detect the water level in the device, and the negative pressure detection module 108 is used to detect the negative pressure; the integrated module 109 is located in the outer shell 101.

[0075] The inlet pipe 102 and outlet pipe 103 are equipped with detachable disposable mouthpieces. When the subject exhales into the inlet pipe 102, the gas enters the liquid-sealed water path of the detection chamber 104 through the inlet pipe 102, and is discharged through the outlet pipe 103 after being forcibly passed through water. Similarly, when the subject inhales into the outlet pipe 103, the gas enters the liquid-sealed water path of the detection chamber 104 through the inlet pipe 102, and is discharged through the outlet pipe 103 after being forcibly passed through water.

[0076] like Figure 4 As shown in the diagram, this embodiment of the hookah-style breathing detection device is illustrated during exhalation. The exhaled gas enters the liquid-sealed water path through the inlet pipe 102, forming bubbles and boiling. A portion of the gas is forced through the water and then discharged through the outlet pipe 103. Part of the gas is used to replace and push the gas remaining in the pipe.

[0077] like Figure 5As shown in the diagram, this embodiment of the hookah-style breathing detection device is inhalation. When inhaling, bubbles are formed and boil, and the water level will rise accordingly. The inhalation tube is long enough so that a certain volume of liquid will not be sucked into the end of the inhalation tube, let alone into the subject's mouth.

[0078] A circuit device consisting of a multimode ultrasonic detection module 105, an image detection module 106, a storage module, a communication module, a control module, and a power supply is placed outside the detection cavity 104. Mechanical ultrasonic waves and laser pulses are emitted according to control commands to collect ultrasonic wave reflection, scattering, and transmission data when gas passes through liquid. The image detection module 106 simultaneously collects image data of the movement of gas bubbles.

[0079] The detection chamber 104 is filled with liquid; a water level detection module 107 and a negative pressure detection module 108 are provided on it; the water level detection module 107 uses a water level sensor to detect the water level in the device, and the negative pressure detection module 108 uses a negative pressure sensor to detect the negative pressure in the detection chamber 104.

[0080] The power supply provides power to the multimode ultrasound detection module 105, the image detection module 106, the water level detection module 107, the negative pressure detection module 108, the storage module, the communication module, and the control module. The control module is connected to the multimode ultrasound detection module 105, the image detection module 106, the water level detection module 107, the negative pressure detection module 108, the storage module, and the communication module, respectively, and controls the above modules to work together.

[0081] Data collected by the multi-mode ultrasound detection module 105, image detection module 106, water level detection module 107, and negative pressure detection module 108 are all transmitted to the storage module for temporary storage. The storage module transmits the data to the cloud backend through the communication module. The cloud backend constructs a correction model based on experimental data and algorithms to eliminate or compensate for the influence of the gas volume of the initial cavity of the air intake tube 102 on the initial airflow. At the same time, it uses big data artificial intelligence technology to fuse ultrasound data and image data, calculates the ultrasound signal spectrum, time delay, intensity, attenuation, and Doppler frequency shift, and further obtains airflow velocity, airflow oxygen content, and airflow volume. Finally, it retrieves respiratory detection parameters such as tidal volume (VT), respiratory rate, vital capacity (VC), exhalation-in-one-second rate (FEV1 / VC), and total lung capacity (TLC).

[0082] In particular, such as Figure 6As shown, the multimode ultrasonic testing module 105 includes a mechanical ultrasonic unit 1051 and a laser ultrasonic unit 1052, which respectively emit mechanical ultrasonic waves and laser pulsed ultrasonic waves. Each unit is a single-transmitter, multi-receiver ultrasonic array. The multimode ultrasonic testing module 105 has multiple ultrasonic emission modes. The mechanical ultrasonic unit 1051 has an ultrasonic transmitting probe in the center, which generates and emits ultrasonic waves through mechanical vibration, and an outer ring of ultrasonic receiving probes, which receive ultrasonic waves through mechanical vibration. The laser ultrasonic unit 1052 has a laser ultrasonic transmitting probe in the center, which generates and emits ultrasonic waves through laser excitation, and an outer ring of ultrasonic receiving probes, which receive ultrasonic waves through mechanical vibration.

[0083] like Figure 7 As shown, multimode ultrasonic detection modules 105 are installed on the bottom and sides of the detection cavity 104. For clarity, only the back and bottom surfaces of the detection cavity 104 show multiple ultrasonic detection arrays within the multimode ultrasonic detection modules 105. Notably, the mechanical ultrasonic unit contains a flexible array of capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducers, which can make close contact with curved surfaces and is convenient for placement at the corners of the detection cavity 104.

[0084] Please see Figure 8 In the multimode ultrasonic testing module 105, the ultrasonic transmitting probe of a mechanical ultrasonic unit at the bottom emits mechanical ultrasonic waves. When this ultrasonic beam hits a bubble, it will be reflected and scattered. The ultrasonic echoes after reflection and scattering may be received by the receiving probes around its own mechanical ultrasonic unit, such as the reflected waves in Figures 11 and 12, or they may be received by other receiving probes, such as the reflected waves or refracted waves in Figures 13, 14, and 15.

[0085] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0086] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A respiratory detection method based on multimodal ultrasound and imaging, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Calibrate the respiratory monitoring device to ensure that the liquid level and negative pressure inside the device are normal; Perform the exhalation test as instructed. The inhaled air enters the liquid seal passage through the inlet tube, passes through the liquid, and is discharged through the outlet tube. The gas and liquid data inside the device are collected, stored, and transmitted to the cloud backend. The gas and liquid data inside the device include gas acoustic and optical data, liquid bubble motion images, liquid level inside the device, and negative pressure data inside the device. The acquisition of gas acoustic-optical data includes: emitting mechanical ultrasonic waves and laser pulse ultrasonic waves into the gas inside the device, and acquiring the reflection, scattering, and transmission signals of the ultrasonic waves; during data acquisition, the transmitting probes in the ultrasonic array are controlled to emit one by one according to a certain timing sequence and bitmap, and the receiving probes receive simultaneously, and the ultrasonic array is cyclically controlled until all transmitting probes have completed their execution; the acquisition of liquid bubble motion images includes: detecting the bottom, side, or top of the liquid inside the device, and acquiring image information of bubbles generated when the gas passes through the liquid; Perform the inhalation test as instructed. Air enters the liquid seal passage through the inlet tube, passes through the liquid, and is then expelled through the outlet tube and inhaled into the subject's body. The gas and liquid data inside the device are collected, stored, and transmitted to the cloud backend. Respiratory detection parameters are acquired using gas and liquid data within the device, and respiratory function is assessed based on these parameters. The acquisition of respiratory detection parameters using gas and liquid data within the device includes: The cloud backend corrects the initial airflow data based on the gas volume of the air inlet pipe and the initial cavity, and then calculates based on the gas and liquid data in the device to obtain ultrasonic signal analysis data and gas properties. The ultrasonic signal analysis data includes ultrasonic signal spectrum, time delay, intensity, attenuation and Doppler frequency shift, and the gas properties include airflow velocity, airflow oxygen content and airflow volume. Respiratory detection parameters are calculated based on ultrasound signal analysis data and gas properties, including tidal volume, respiratory rate, vital capacity, exhalation-in-one-second rate, and total lung capacity. Respiratory function is then assessed based on these parameters.

2. The respiratory detection method based on multimodal ultrasound and imaging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of liquid level and negative pressure data within the device includes: detecting the liquid level within the device and obtaining the liquid level height at the time of detection; detecting the negative pressure within the device and obtaining the negative pressure data within the device.

3. A hookah-style breathing detection device, characterized in that, The respiratory detection method based on multimode ultrasound and imaging, applicable to any one of claims 1-2, includes a shell, an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, a detection chamber, a multimode ultrasound detection module, an imaging detection module, a water level detection module, a negative pressure detection module, and an integrated module. The detection chamber includes a carrier with a fixed volume and an airtight cover. The integrated module includes a storage module, a communication module, a control module, and a power module. The detection chamber is embedded inside the outer shell, and the airtight cover is airtightly connected to the detection chamber during use. The air inlet pipe is airtightly connected to the airtight cover, with one end located on the air side and the other end located at the lower part of the detection chamber. One end of the air outlet pipe is airtightly connected to the airtight cover, and this end is lower than the other end. The multi-mode ultrasonic detection module is located inside the detection chamber. The image detection module, water level detection module, and negative pressure detection module are all located in the airtight cover. The water level detection module is used to detect the water level inside the device, and the negative pressure detection module is used to detect the negative pressure. The integrated module is located in the outer shell.

4. The hookah-style breathing detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The multimode ultrasonic testing module includes multiple single-transmitter, multi-receiver ultrasonic arrays, each of which includes mechanical ultrasonic units and laser ultrasonic units, which are alternately arranged.

5. The hookah-style breathing detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mechanical ultrasonic unit is a capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducer that generates and emits ultrasonic waves through mechanical vibration. The outer ring is an ultrasonic receiving probe that receives ultrasonic waves through mechanical vibration.

6. The hookah-type breathing detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The laser ultrasound unit is a laser ultrasound transmitting probe that generates and transmits ultrasonic waves by laser excitation, and an outer ring is an ultrasound receiving probe that receives ultrasonic waves by mechanical vibration.

7. The hookah-type breathing detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top of the air inlet or outlet pipe is equipped with a detachable disposable mouthpiece.

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