Intelligent gate dam linkage control system for ecological water replenishment of wetlands

Abstract

This invention discloses an intelligent sluice gate and dam linkage control system for wetland ecological water replenishment, comprising: at least two sluice gates I, spaced apart and located upstream of the water replenishment channel of the ecological wetland; at least one sluice gate II, located downstream of the water replenishment channel of the ecological wetland to be replenished; multiple hydrological acquisition components, respectively located in the core area of ​​the ecological wetland, migratory bird habitat, and the sluice gate control sections of the at least two sluice gates I; and a control center, including a database; a data analysis module; and a control module for receiving action commands and correspondingly controlling the actions of the at least two sluice gates I and at least one sluice gate II. This invention provides an intelligent sluice gate and dam linkage control system for wetland ecological water replenishment, which, by integrating hydrological parameters, achieves precise coordinated control of multiple sluice gates, solving the problems of limited control range of a single sluice gate and low matching degree between ecological water replenishment and wetland needs, significantly improving the scientific nature and efficiency of wetland ecological water replenishment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wetland ecological engineering technology, and in particular to an intelligent gate-dam linkage control system for wetland ecological water replenishment. Background Technology

[0002] Wetland ecological water replenishment is a core means of maintaining wetland ecosystem functions. Multiple sluice gates and dams are key devices for water replenishment regulation, and their regulation precision and synergistic capabilities directly determine the water replenishment effect. In the prior art, Chinese patent application number 202411060763.5 discloses an ecological intelligent sluice gate and its control method. Through the structural design of the main gate body and branch gate bodies, it achieves refined opening and closing control of a single gate body while also considering the needs of aquatic organism reproduction. However, it still has the following limitations: it only designs for a single gate body and does not involve the linkage logic of multiple sluice gates and dams, making it difficult to cope with the water distribution needs of wetland ecological water replenishment; the regulation is mainly based on the water level parameters at the sluice gate and dam, without deeply integrating core ecological indicators of the wetland, leading to a disconnect between the water replenishment strategy and ecological goals.

[0003] In summary, there is an urgent need for an intelligent gate-dam linkage control system for wetland ecological water replenishment, in order to achieve comprehensive and precise control of wetland ecological water replenishment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One object of the present invention is to solve at least the above-mentioned problems and to provide at least the advantages that will be described later.

[0005] Another objective of this invention is to provide an intelligent gate-dam linkage control system for wetland ecological water replenishment. By integrating hydrological parameters, it achieves precise and coordinated control of multiple gates and dams, solving the problems of limited control range of a single gate and low matching degree between ecological water replenishment and wetland needs, and significantly improving the scientificity and efficiency of wetland ecological water replenishment.

[0006] To achieve these objectives and other advantages according to the present invention, an intelligent gate-dam linkage control system for wetland ecological water replenishment is provided, comprising:

[0007] At least two dams I, spaced apart, are located upstream of the water replenishment channel of the ecological wetland. Each dam I includes multiple gates I, evenly spaced at the main control water layer above the dam body I, with each gate body I corresponding to one of the multiple gates I. Multiple fish migration channels I, evenly spaced and connected below the multiple gates I; multiple flow stabilization channels I, evenly spaced near the bottom of the dam body I and located below the multiple fish migration channels I, with the multiple flow stabilization channels I being operable by multiple electrically operated valves; and a permeable conservation trough I, extending from the dam body I. The downstream dam face I extends downstream in a stepped manner, and the highest point of the permeable conservation trough I, which abuts the downstream dam face I, is located between multiple fish migration channels I and multiple flow stabilization channels I. A permeable layer is set inside the permeable conservation trough I, facing the outlets of multiple flow stabilization channels I, and the thickness of the permeable layer is greater than the diameter of the outlets of multiple flow stabilization channels I. Multiple emergent plant planting blocks are evenly distributed on the stepped surface of the permeable conservation trough I, and the intervals between the multiple emergent plant planting blocks correspond one-to-one with the multiple fish migration channels I.

[0008] At least one dam II is located downstream of the water replenishment channel of the ecological wetland to be replenished. Each dam II includes multiple gates II, which are evenly spaced at the main water control layer on the upper part of the dam body II. The multiple gate bodies II are correspondingly located at the multiple gates II. Multiple fish migration channels II are evenly spaced and connected below the multiple gates II. Multiple permeable conservation troughs II are evenly spaced and located on the upstream dam face II of the dam body II. The multiple permeable conservation troughs II and the multiple fish migration channels II are alternately distributed. Emergent plants are planted in the multiple permeable conservation troughs II. Multiple flow stabilizing channels II are evenly spaced and located near the bottom of the dam body II. The multiple flow stabilizing channels II are connected and extended through the multiple permeable conservation troughs II and the dam body II. The multiple flow stabilizing channels II are set up to be opened and closed by multiple electric valves.

[0009] Multiple hydrological data acquisition units are respectively installed in the core area of ​​the ecological wetland, migratory bird habitat, and the dam-controlled river sections of at least two dams I; each hydrological data acquisition unit includes a water level sensor and a flow sensor; and

[0010] The control center includes a database that pre-stores hydrological thresholds and water replenishment rules; a data analysis module that acquires real-time hydrological data from multiple hydrological acquisition components, compares these data with ecological parameter thresholds, and obtains comparison results; based on the comparison results, it matches preset water replenishment rules and generates action commands corresponding to at least two dam I and at least one dam II; and a control module that receives action commands and controls the actions of at least two dam I and at least one dam II accordingly.

[0011] Preferably, the hydrological thresholds include:

[0012] The upper limit of the water level in the core area is 2.0 m, the lower limit is 1.2 m, and the flow rate is 5-8 m³ / s;

[0013] The upper limit of water level in migratory bird habitats is 1.6 m, the lower limit is 1.1 m, and the flow rate is 0.4-0.6 m³ / s;

[0014] The upper limit of the water level in the river section controlled by at least two sluice gates I is 3 m, the lower limit of the water level is 1.8 m, and the flow rate is 8-12 m³ / s.

[0015] Preferably, the action command includes the gate opening degree I of at least two gate dams I and the gate opening degree II of at least one gate dam II;

[0016] 1.2 m≤real-time water level in the core area≤2 m, and the flow rate in the core area is 5-8 m³ / s. The opening degree of at least two dams I is simultaneously adjusted to 50%-55%, and the opening degree of at least one dam II is adjusted to 40%-45%.

[0017] If the real-time water level in the core area is >2 m and the flow rate in the core area is >8 m³ / s, the opening degree of at least two dams I should be simultaneously adjusted to 40%-50%, and the opening degree of at least one dam II should be adjusted to 35%-45%.

[0018] The water level in the core area is monitored in real time and is less than 1.2 m, and the flow rate in the core area is less than 5 m³ / s. The opening degree of at least two dams I is adjusted to 60%-70% simultaneously, and the opening degree of at least one dam II is adjusted to 30%-35%.

[0019] Preferably, the real-time water level in the core area is 1.2 m ≤ 2 m, the flow rate in the core area is 5-6 m³ / s, and the flow rate in the migratory bird habitat is < 0.4 m³ / s. The opening degree of at least two sluice gates I is adjusted to 56%-60%, increasing the flow rate in the core area to 5-8 m³ / s and increasing the flow rate in the habitat to 0.4-0.6 m³ / s.

[0020] 1.2 m≤real-time water level in the core area≤2 m, flow rate in the core area is 7-8 m³ / s, and flow rate in migratory bird habitat is >0.6 m³ / s. The opening degree of at least two sluice gates I should be adjusted to 45%-49%, reducing the flow rate in the core area to 5-6 m³ / s and the flow rate in the habitat to 0.4-0.6 m³ / s.

[0021] Preferably, the average setting height of multiple gate I is 1.5 m ≤ the upper limit of the core area water level in the hydrological threshold of the ecological wetland; the average setting height of multiple gate II is ≤ the lower limit of the core area water level in the hydrological threshold of the ecological wetland.

[0022] Preferably, the permeable layer comprises:

[0023] Multiple support sections, multiple purification sections, and multiple anti-blocking sections are laid in a sequential, cyclical manner from the dam body I side to the downstream of the river, with the first and last sections connected. Each support section consists of pebbles with a particle size of 30-50 mm and a laying length of 60 mm-80 mm; each purification section consists of a mixture of natural zeolite and volcanic rock and a laying length of 100 mm-120 mm; and each anti-blocking section consists of quartz sand with a particle size of 10-20 mm and a laying length of 80 mm-100 mm.

[0024] Biodegradable geotextile layer I and biodegradable geotextile layer II are laid on the top and bottom of the purification section, support section and anti-loss section, respectively.

[0025] Preferably, a bottom mud layer I is laid on the stepped surface of the permeable conservation trench I above the biodegradable geotextile layer I, and a layer of pebbles with a diameter of 50 mm to 70 mm is laid on the bottom mud layer I in the interval area between multiple emergent plant planting blocks.

[0026] Preferably, it also includes: a support layer, which is pebbles with a diameter of 30 mm to 50 mm, and the support layer is set at the bottom of the permeable conservation trough II; a biodegradable geotextile layer III, which is laid on the support layer; a bottom mud layer II, which is laid on the biodegradable geotextile layer III, and emergent plants are planted on the bottom mud layer II.

[0027] Preferably, it also includes:

[0028] Multiple normalized vegetation cover sensors are evenly spaced in the vegetation cover area of ​​the ecological wetland, and the vegetation normalization index of the health status of the vegetation cover area is ≥0.6.

[0029] Multiple bird activity monitoring devices, including infrared cameras and acoustic sensors, are evenly spaced apart in migratory bird habitats and are connected to a control center.

[0030] Multiple water quality sensors were installed in vegetated areas and migratory bird habitats.

[0031] Multiple normalized vegetation cover sensors, multiple bird activity monitoring devices, and multiple water quality sensors are connected to the control center for communication.

[0032] Preferably, if the vegetation normalization index of the vegetation cover area is ≤0.4 and the water level of the migratory bird habitat is ≤0.8 m, the control center controls the opening degree I of at least two sluice gates I of the nearest water replenishment channel to the vegetation cover area to increase by 10%-15% relative to the average opening degree I of the previous hour.

[0033] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0034] In any dam I, multiple gate bodies I are used to regulate water volume; multiple flow stabilization channels I controlled by multiple electric valves are used for fine water distribution; and a permeable conservation trough I, in conjunction with multiple flow stabilization channels I, can simultaneously slow and stabilize the flow while filtering the bottom water through the permeable layer, optimizing water quality and providing a high-quality water source for the downstream core area. Furthermore, the permeable conservation trough I forms an ecological buffer zone on the downstream dam face I, preventing damage to the surrounding wetland ecosystem from the operation of the dam I and reducing the erosion of the dam's bottom structure by water flow, thus extending the dam's service life. Multiple fish migration channels I are also included, which can meet the migration needs of different fish species through "ecological redundancy" and provide a stable flow to the middle water layer through a scientific water distribution design, achieving the dual goals of ecological protection and aquatic environment stability.

[0035] In any dam II, multiple gate bodies II are used to regulate water volume; multiple flow stabilization channels II controlled by multiple electric valves are used for precise water distribution; a permeable conservation trough II can form an ecological buffer zone at the upstream dam face II, avoiding damage to the surrounding wetland ecology caused by the operation of dam II, reducing the erosion of the bottom structure of dam II by water flow impact, extending the service life of the dam, and further filtering the water flowing out of the ecological wetland; by setting up multiple fish migration channels II, the migration needs of different fish species can be met through "ecological redundancy", and a stable flow can be provided to the middle water layer through scientific water flow distribution design. In conjunction with multiple fish migration channels I, ecological protection and water environment stability are further optimized.

[0036] In summary, the intelligent gate-dam linkage control system for wetland ecological water replenishment provided by this invention achieves precise coordinated control of multiple gates and dams by integrating hydrological parameters. This solves the problems of limited control range of a single gate and low matching degree between ecological water replenishment and wetland needs, and significantly improves the scientificity and efficiency of wetland ecological water replenishment.

[0037] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the control process of the intelligent gate-dam linkage control system for wetland ecological water replenishment according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a front view structural diagram of the downstream dam face I of any dam I in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the downstream dam face I of any dam I in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a front view structural diagram of the upstream dam face II of any dam II in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of any gate dam I in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a partial top view of the permeable conservation trough I in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of any gate dam II in another embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0046] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not imply the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0047] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this invention provides an intelligent gate-dam linkage control system for wetland ecological water replenishment, comprising:

[0048] At least two dams I 1 are spaced apart and located upstream of the water replenishment channel of the ecological wetland. Each dam I includes multiple gates I 101, which are evenly spaced at the main water control layer in the upper part of the dam body I. Multiple gate bodies I 102 are correspondingly located at the multiple gates I. Multiple fish migration channels I 103 are evenly spaced and connected below the multiple gates I. Multiple flow stabilization channels I 104 are evenly spaced near the bottom of the dam body I and located below the multiple fish migration channels I. The multiple flow stabilization channels I are openable and closable by multiple electric valves 1041. A permeable conservation trough I is also included. 105, which extends downstream of the dam face I in a stepped manner from the downstream dam face I of the dam body I down to the river downstream, and the highest point of the permeable conservation trough I that abuts the downstream dam face I is between multiple fish migration channels I and multiple flow stabilization channels I; a permeable layer 106 is set in the permeable conservation trough I, which is set directly opposite the outlet of multiple flow stabilization channels I, and the thickness of the permeable layer is greater than the diameter of the outlet of multiple flow stabilization channels I; multiple emergent plant planting blocks are evenly distributed on the stepped surface of the permeable conservation trough I, and the intervals between the multiple emergent plant planting blocks correspond one-to-one with the multiple fish migration channels I;

[0049] At least one dam II 2 is located downstream of the water replenishment channel of the ecological wetland to be replenished. Each dam II includes multiple gates II 201, which are evenly spaced at the main water control layer on the upper part of the dam body II. Multiple gate bodies II 202 are correspondingly located at the multiple gates II. Multiple fish migration channels II 203 are evenly spaced and connected below the multiple gates II. Multiple permeable conservation troughs II 204 are evenly spaced and located on the upstream dam face II of the dam body II. The multiple permeable conservation troughs II and the multiple fish migration channels II are alternately distributed. Emergent plants are planted in the multiple permeable conservation troughs II. Multiple flow stabilizing channels II 205 are evenly spaced and located near the bottom of the dam body II. The multiple flow stabilizing channels II extend through the multiple permeable conservation troughs II and the dam body II. The multiple flow stabilizing channels II are set up to be opened and closed by multiple electric valves.

[0050] Multiple hydrological data acquisition units are respectively located in the core area of ​​the ecological wetland, migratory bird habitat, and the river sections controlled by at least two sluice gates (I). Each hydrological data acquisition unit includes a water level sensor and a flow sensor for real-time data acquisition of water level and flow. In practical applications, the sampling frequency can be once every 30 seconds. Multiple hydrological data acquisition units and the control center can communicate via a data transmission module using "5G + BeiDou" dual-mode communication, thereby ensuring stable transmission of monitoring data (including raw sensor data and equipment status information) in complex wetland environments, with a transmission delay ≤1 second.

[0051] The control center includes a database that pre-stores hydrological thresholds and water replenishment rules; a data analysis module that acquires real-time hydrological data from multiple hydrological acquisition components, compares these data with ecological parameter thresholds, and obtains comparison results; based on the comparison results, it matches preset water replenishment rules and generates action commands corresponding to at least two dam I and at least one dam II; and a control module that receives action commands and controls the actions of at least two dam I and at least one dam II accordingly.

[0052] In this plan, at least one water replenishment channel is set up according to the size of the ecological wetland. At least two gate dams (I) and at least one gate dam (II) are installed on each water replenishment channel to effectively control the gradual ecological water replenishment and ensure its effectiveness. Within each gate dam (I), multiple gate bodies (I) are used for water volume regulation; multiple flow stabilization channels (I) controlled by multiple electric valves are used for precise water distribution; and permeable conservation channels (I) are used in conjunction with multiple flow stabilization channels (I) to slow and stabilize the flow while simultaneously filtering the bottom water through the permeable layer, optimizing water quality and providing a high-quality water source for the downstream core area. Furthermore, the permeable conservation channels (I) form an ecological buffer zone on the downstream dam face (I), preventing damage to the surrounding wetland ecosystem from the operation of gate dams (I) and reducing erosion of the bottom structure of gate dams (I) by water flow, thus extending the dam's service life. Multiple fish migration channels (I) are also included to achieve "ecological redundancy." To meet the migration needs of different fish species, a scientifically designed water flow distribution system provides a stable flow to the middle water layer, achieving the dual goals of ecological protection and aquatic environment stability. Within any dam II, multiple dam bodies II are used for water volume regulation; multiple flow-stabilizing channels II controlled by electric valves are used for precise water distribution; a permeable conservation trough II forms an ecological buffer zone at the upstream dam face II, preventing damage to the surrounding wetland ecosystem from dam II operation, reducing erosion of the dam II's bottom structure by water flow impact, extending the dam's service life, and further filtering water flowing out of the ecological wetland; multiple fish migration channels II not only meet the migration needs of different fish species through "ecological redundancy" but also provide a stable flow to the middle water layer through a scientifically designed water flow distribution system, further optimizing ecological protection and aquatic environment stability in conjunction with multiple fish migration channels I.

[0053] In summary, the intelligent gate-dam linkage control system for wetland ecological water replenishment provided by this invention achieves precise coordinated regulation of multiple gates and dams by integrating hydrological parameters, solving the problems of limited regulation range of a single gate and low matching degree between ecological water replenishment and wetland needs, and significantly improving the scientificity and efficiency of wetland ecological water replenishment.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, the hydrological thresholds include:

[0055] The upper limit of the water level in the core area is 2.0 m, the lower limit is 1.2 m, and the flow rate is 5-8 m³ / s;

[0056] The upper limit of water level in migratory bird habitats is 1.6 m, the lower limit is 1.1 m, and the flow rate is 0.4-0.6 m³ / s;

[0057] The upper limit of the water level in the river section controlled by at least two sluice gates I is 3 m, the lower limit of the water level is 1.8 m, and the flow rate is 8-12 m³ / s.

[0058] Hydrological thresholds provide the most basic data parameters for water replenishment rules. Based on these, further refined adjustments can be made after real-time analysis and calculation in practical applications to better meet the ecological water replenishment requirements of different wetlands. Water temperature and flow velocity sensors can also be installed to monitor water temperature and flow velocity in real time, assisting in optimizing water replenishment rules.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment, the action command includes the gate opening degree I of at least two gate dams I and the gate opening degree II of at least one gate dam II;

[0060] The water replenishment rules are as follows: 1.2 m ≤ real-time water level in the core area ≤ 2 m, and the flow rate in the core area is 5-8 m³ / s. The opening degree of at least two dams I is simultaneously adjusted to 50%-55%, and the opening degree of at least one dam II is adjusted to 40%-45%.

[0061] If the real-time water level in the core area is >2 m and the flow rate in the core area is >8 m³ / s, the opening degree of at least two dams I should be simultaneously adjusted to 40%-50%, and the opening degree of at least one dam II should be adjusted to 35%-45%.

[0062] The water level in the core area is monitored in real time and is less than 1.2 m, and the flow rate in the core area is less than 5 m³ / s. The opening degree of at least two dams I is adjusted to 60%-70% simultaneously, and the opening degree of at least one dam II is adjusted to 30%-35%.

[0063] In a preferred scheme, the real-time water level in the core area is 1.2 m ≤ 2 m, the flow rate in the core area is 5-6 m³ / s, and the flow rate in the migratory bird habitat is < 0.4 m³ / s. The opening degree of at least two sluice gates I is adjusted to 56%-60%, increasing the flow rate in the core area to 5-8 m³ / s and increasing the flow rate in the habitat to 0.4-0.6 m³ / s.

[0064] 1.2 m≤real-time water level in the core area≤2 m, flow rate in the core area is 7-8 m³ / s, and flow rate in migratory bird habitat is >0.6 m³ / s. The opening degree of at least two sluice gates I should be adjusted to 45%-49%, reducing the flow rate in the core area to 5-6 m³ / s and the flow rate in the habitat to 0.4-0.6 m³ / s.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, 1.5 m ≤ the average setting height of multiple gate I ≤ the upper limit of the core area water level in the hydrological threshold of the ecological wetland; the average setting height of multiple gate II ≤ the lower limit of the core area water level in the hydrological threshold of the ecological wetland.

[0066] like Figure 5As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the permeable layer comprises: multiple support sections 1061, multiple purification sections 1062, and multiple anti-clogging sections 1063, which are laid sequentially and cyclically from the dam body I towards the downstream of the river, with the support sections consisting of pebbles with a particle size of 30-50 mm and a laying length of 60-80 mm; these support sections support the overall structure inside the permeable conservation channel I, maintaining structural stability and preventing structural settlement caused by the self-weight of the permeable conservation channel I. Simultaneously, the large-diameter pores allow for rapid water flow, preventing blockages in the multiple flow-stabilizing channels I; each purification section is a mixture of natural zeolite and volcanic rock, with a laying length of 100-120 mm; the natural zeolite effectively adsorbs ammonia nitrogen in the water, while the porous structure of the volcanic rock surface provides a carrier for microbial attachment, with both synergistically enhancing the removal capacity of small-molecule organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus in the replenishment water; each anti-clogging section is quartz sand with a particle size of 10-20 mm and a laying length of 80-100 mm. mm; it can block fine particles from multiple purification sections from entering the next support section, and provide a smooth channel for infiltration water flow, avoiding water accumulation in the previous purification section from affecting plant root respiration; biodegradable geotextile layer I 1064 and biodegradable geotextile layer II 1065 are laid on the top and bottom of the purification section, support section and anti-leakage section respectively. Biodegradable geotextile layer I and biodegradable geotextile layer II are degradable and have good root penetration. They can quickly form a stable permeable layer structure in the early stage, and can prevent the bottom mud laid above from settling into the permeable layer. After the roots of aquatic plants penetrate into the permeable layer and form a stable network, they can naturally degrade into organic matter, avoiding the long-term environmental residue problems of traditional plastic geotextiles.

[0067] like Figure 6 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, a bottom mud layer I 1051 is laid on the stepped surface of the permeable conservation trough I above the biodegradable geotextile layer I. A layer of pebbles 1052 with a diameter of 50 mm-70 mm is then laid on the bottom mud layer I in the intervals between multiple emergent plant planting areas. In this embodiment, the laying of large-diameter pebbles can prevent bottom mud erosion and avoid exposing the roots of emergent plants; it can quickly create microhabitats, providing habitat and hiding space for benthic organisms (such as snails and aquatic insects), while increasing the contact area between water and air, thus helping to improve the dissolved oxygen content of the water; it can also fix the base of emergent plants, preventing them from falling over due to water flow impact, while reducing the growth of weeds on the bottom mud surface and lowering manual maintenance costs.

[0068] like Figure 7As shown, a preferred embodiment further includes: a support layer 2041, which consists of pebbles with a diameter of 30 mm-50 mm, and is placed at the bottom of the permeable conservation trough II; a biodegradable geotextile layer III 2042, which is laid on the support layer; and a bottom sediment layer II 2043, which is laid on the biodegradable geotextile layer III, with emergent plants planted on the bottom sediment layer II. In this embodiment, the biodegradable geotextile layers I and II are biodegradable and have good root penetration, preventing the bottom sediment laid above from settling into the support layer. After the roots of the aquatic plants penetrate deep into the support layer and form a stable network, they can naturally degrade into organic matter, avoiding the long-term environmental residue problems of traditional plastic geotextiles.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment, the system further includes: multiple normalized vegetation cover sensors, evenly spaced in the vegetation cover area of ​​the ecological wetland, with a normalized vegetation cover index (NDI) of ≥0.6 for healthy vegetation cover areas, pre-stored in a database; multiple NDI sensors for real-time acquisition of "red light + near-infrared reflectance," with the control center calculating the real-time NDI from the acquired red light + near-infrared reflectance, comparing the real-time NDI with the NDI for healthy vegetation cover, and obtaining the comparison result to monitor vegetation growth during water replenishment; multiple bird activity monitoring devices, including infrared cameras and acoustic sensors, evenly spaced in migratory bird habitats, and communicatively connected to the control center; multiple bird activity monitoring devices for monitoring changes in the activity frequency of migratory birds during water replenishment, up to a suitable threshold of ≥5 times / hour; and multiple water quality sensors, respectively located in the vegetation cover area and migratory bird habitats.

[0070] Multiple normalized density vegetation cover sensors, multiple bird activity monitoring devices, and multiple water quality sensors are connected to the control center. These sensors (with a monitoring accuracy of ±5%), bird activity monitoring devices, and water quality sensors (dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, pH value, detection limit 0.01 mg / L) cover the core wetland vegetation area and migratory bird habitats, enabling real-time monitoring of ecological indicators. Combined with hydrological thresholds, this optimizes the water replenishment rules for ecological wetlands, effectively improving the match between ecological water replenishment and wetland needs.

[0071] In a preferred scheme, if the vegetation normalization index of the vegetation-covered area is ≤0.4 and the water level of the migratory bird habitat is ≤0.8 m, the control center controls the opening degree I of at least two sluice gates I of the nearest water replenishment channel to the vegetation-covered area to increase by 10%-15% relative to the average opening degree I of the previous hour. In this scheme, by referencing the dual ecological triggering conditions of the average opening degree of the previous hour and the water level of the migratory bird habitat in real time, the timeliness of regulation is ensured, and the dual water demand of vegetation and migratory bird habitat is accurately responded to, thus ensuring the water replenishment effect.

[0072] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. Other modifications can be easily made by those skilled in the art. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the equivalent scope of the specification, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. An intelligent gate dam linkage control system for wetland ecological water replenishment, characterized in that, include: At least two dams I are set at intervals in the upstream of the water replenishment channel of the ecological wetland. Each dam I includes multiple gates I, which are evenly spaced at the main water control layer above the dam body I. Multiple gate bodies I are set at multiple gates I in a one-to-one correspondence. Multiple fish migration channels I are evenly spaced and connected below the multiple gates I. Multiple flow stabilization channels I are evenly spaced at the bottom near the dam body I and located below multiple fish migration channels I. The multiple flow stabilization channels I are configured to be opened and closed by multiple electric valves. The permeable conservation channel I extends downstream of the dam I in a stepped manner from the downstream dam face I of the dam body I. The highest point of the permeable conservation channel I, which is located at the downstream dam face I, is between multiple fish migration channels I and multiple flow stabilization channels I. The permeable layer is set inside the permeable conservation channel I, facing the outlets of the multiple flow stabilization channels I, and the thickness of the permeable layer is greater than the diameter of the outlets of the multiple flow stabilization channels I. Multiple emergent plant planting blocks are evenly distributed on the stepped surface of the permeable conservation channel I, and the intervals between the multiple emergent plant planting blocks correspond one-to-one with the multiple fish migration channels I. At least one dam II is located downstream of the water replenishment channel of the ecological wetland to be replenished. Each dam II includes multiple gates II, which are evenly spaced at the main water control layer above the dam body II. The multiple gate bodies II are located one-to-one at the multiple gates II. Multiple fish migration channels II are evenly spaced and connected below the multiple gates II. Multiple permeable conservation channels II are evenly spaced on the upstream face II of the dam body II, and the multiple permeable conservation channels II are alternately distributed with multiple fish migration channels II. Emergent plants are planted in the multiple permeable conservation channels II. Multiple flow stabilizing channels II are evenly spaced near the bottom of the dam body II, and the multiple flow stabilizing channels II extend through the multiple permeable conservation channels II and the dam body II. The multiple flow stabilizing channels II are set up to be opened and closed by multiple electric valves. Multiple hydrological acquisition units are respectively set up in the core area of ​​the ecological wetland, the migratory bird habitat, and the dam-controlled river section of at least two dams I; each hydrological acquisition unit includes a water level sensor and a flow sensor; as well as The control center includes a database that pre-stores hydrological thresholds and water replenishment rules; a data analysis module that acquires real-time hydrological data from multiple hydrological acquisition components, compares the real-time hydrological data with ecological parameter thresholds to obtain comparison results; and, based on the comparison results, matches preset water replenishment rules and generates action commands corresponding to at least two dam I and at least one dam II according to the water replenishment rules. The control module receives action commands and controls the actions of at least two dam I gates and at least one dam II gate; hydrological thresholds include: The upper limit of the water level in the core area is 2.0 m, the lower limit is 1.2 m, and the flow rate is 5-8 m³ / s; The upper limit of water level in migratory bird habitats is 1.6 m, the lower limit is 1.1 m, and the flow rate is 0.4-0.6 m³ / s; The upper limit of the water level in the river section controlled by at least two sluice gates I is 3 m, the lower limit of the water level is 1.8 m, and the flow rate is 8-12 m³ / s; The action command includes the gate opening degree I of at least two gate dams I and the gate opening degree II of at least one gate dam II; 1.2 m≤real-time water level in the core area≤2 m, and the flow rate in the core area is 5-8 m³ / s. The opening degree of at least two dams I is simultaneously adjusted to 50%-55%, and the opening degree of at least one dam II is adjusted to 40%-45%. If the real-time water level in the core area is >2 m and the flow rate in the core area is >8 m³ / s, the opening degree of at least two dams I should be simultaneously adjusted to 40%-50%, and the opening degree of at least one dam II should be adjusted to 35%-45%. The water level in the core area is monitored in real time and is less than 1.2 m, and the flow rate in the core area is less than 5 m³ / s. The opening degree of at least two dams I is adjusted to 60%-70% simultaneously, and the opening degree of at least one dam II is adjusted to 30%-35%.

2. The intelligent dam linkage regulating system for wetland ecological water replenishment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water level in the core area is ≤2 m, the flow rate in the core area is 5-6 m³ / s, and the flow rate in the migratory bird habitat is <0.4 m³ / s. The opening degree of at least two sluice gates I is adjusted to 56%-60%, the flow rate in the core area is increased to 5-8 m³ / s, and the flow rate in the habitat is increased to 0.4-0.6 m³ / s. 1.2 m≤real-time water level in the core area≤2 m, flow rate in the core area is 7-8 m³ / s, and flow rate in migratory bird habitat is >0.6 m³ / s. The opening degree of at least two sluice gates I should be adjusted to 45%-49%, reducing the flow rate in the core area to 5-6 m³ / s and the flow rate in the habitat to 0.4-0.6 m³ / s.

3. The intelligent dam linkage regulating system for wetland ecological water replenishment according to claim 1, characterized in that, 1.5m ≤ the average setting height of multiple gate I ≤ the upper limit of the core area water level in the hydrological threshold of the ecological wetland; the average setting height of multiple gate II ≤ the lower limit of the core area water level in the hydrological threshold of the ecological wetland.

4. The intelligent dam linkage regulating system for wetland ecological water replenishment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The permeable layer includes: Multiple support sections, multiple purification sections, and multiple anti-blocking sections are laid in a sequential, cyclical manner from the dam body I side to the downstream of the river, with the first and last sections connected. Each support section consists of pebbles with a particle size of 30-50 mm and a laying length of 60-80 mm; each purification section consists of a mixture of natural zeolite and volcanic rock and a laying length of 100-120 mm; and each anti-blocking section consists of quartz sand with a particle size of 10-20 mm and a laying length of 80-100 mm. Biodegradable geotextile layer I and biodegradable geotextile layer II are laid on the top and bottom of the purification section, support section and anti-loss section, respectively.

5. The intelligent dam linkage regulating system for wetland ecological water replenishment according to claim 4, characterized in that, A bottom mud layer I is laid on the stepped surface of the permeable conservation trench I above the biodegradable geotextile layer I. A layer of pebbles with a diameter of 50 mm to 70 mm is then laid on the bottom mud layer I in the interval area between multiple emergent plant planting blocks.

6. The intelligent dam linkage regulating system for wetland ecological water replenishment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The support layer consists of pebbles with a diameter of 30 mm to 50 mm, and is placed at the bottom of the permeable conservation trough II. Biodegradable geotextile layer III is laid on the support layer; bottom mud layer II is laid on the biodegradable geotextile layer III, and emergent plants are planted on bottom mud layer II.

7. The intelligent dam linkage regulating system for wetland ecological water replenishment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple normalized vegetation cover sensors are evenly spaced in the vegetation cover area of ​​the ecological wetland, and the vegetation normalization index of the health status of the vegetation cover area is ≥0.

6. Multiple bird activity monitoring devices, including infrared cameras and acoustic sensors, are evenly spaced apart in migratory bird habitats and are connected to a control center. Multiple water quality sensors were installed in vegetated areas and migratory bird habitats. Multiple normalized vegetation cover sensors, multiple bird activity monitoring devices, and multiple water quality sensors are connected to the control center for communication.

8. The intelligent dam linkage regulation system for wetland ecological water replenishment according to claim 7, characterized in that, If the vegetation normalization index of the vegetation cover area is ≤0.4 and the water level of the migratory bird habitat is ≤0.8 m, the control center shall increase the opening degree I of at least two sluice gates I of the nearest water replenishment channel to the vegetation cover area by 10%-15% relative to the average opening degree I of the previous hour.

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