A surgical retractor for hepatobiliary surgery

Abstract

The application provides a surgical retractor for hepatobiliary surgery, belonging to the field of surgical retractors, which comprises a mounting component, a rack and a butt joint, a fixed seat is fixedly connected to the right side of the rack, a small push rod is slidably connected in the fixed seat, an inclined groove is formed in the fixed seat, mounting sliding rods are fixedly connected to the front and back of the butt joint and slidably connected with the inclined groove, a fixed column is slidably connected in the mounting sliding rod, a first spring is arranged between the inner side of the fixed column and the butt joint, an angle adjusting assembly is arranged in the butt joint, the angle adjusting assembly comprises a sliding column, and an anti-rotation assembly is arranged on the left side of the butt joint and in the fixed seat. The mounting component is arranged, the fixed column and the first spring are cooperated, the butt joint can be firmly clamped in the fixed seat, the clamping mode without gap can avoid the shaking and swinging of the retractor head, and the stability of fixation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of surgical retractors, specifically relating to a surgical retractor for hepatobiliary surgery. Background Technology

[0002] Existing surgical retractors consist of a rod and a retractor head. The rod is generally a metal rod with a rack structure, used to support and adjust the position of the retractor head. Through the cooperation of the rack and external connecting device, the entire retractor system can be firmly fixed on the operating table. The retractor head is used to retract tissues or organs during surgery to facilitate surgical operations. A small protruding rod is provided at the end of the rack near the retractor head, and a cylinder with a slightly larger diameter is provided at the top of the small rod. The retractor head has two holes, one large and one small, inside. When installing the retractor head, the cylinder needs to be inserted into the large hole, and the retractor head is pulled horizontally to make the small rod fit into the small hole. The cylinder blocks the small hole from above, thus completing the fixation of the retractor head.

[0003] During use, after fixation, the relationship between the rod and the hole is a simple "hook" or "block" rather than a tight rigid connection. During surgery, when the retractor head is subjected to continuous and uneven traction force from the tissue, these gaps will cause the retractor head to wobble or swing slightly. This micro-movement not only affects the stability of the surgical operation, but also aggravates the wear of the connection part with long-term use, further widening the gap and affecting the fixation stability of the retractor head after snapping. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a surgical retractor for hepatobiliary surgery, which aims to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A surgical retractor for hepatobiliary surgery includes an installation component comprising a rack and a connector. A fixing seat is fixedly connected to the right side of the rack. A small push rod is slidably connected inside the fixing seat. An inclined groove is formed inside the fixing seat. Mounting slide rods, slidably connected to the inclined grooves, are fixedly connected to both the front and back of the connector. A fixing post is slidably connected inside the mounting slide rod. A first spring is provided between the inner side of the fixing post and the connector. An angle adjustment assembly is provided inside the connector.

[0007] The angle adjustment component includes a sliding column, and anti-rotation components are provided on the left side of the connector and inside the fixed base; the reset component includes a T-shaped push head fixedly connected to the inside of the fixed base, a connecting rod fixedly connected to the inside of the sliding column, a moving plate fixedly connected to a limiting rod inside the connector, a connecting arm rotatably connected to the right side of the moving plate, an iron plate rotatably connected to the end of the connecting arm away from the moving plate, a magnetic block fixedly connected to the inside of the connector, and a top block assembly provided inside the connector; the angle adjustment component includes a hook arm fixedly connected to the inside of the connector, a hook head rotatably connected to the right end of the hook arm, a rotating seat fixedly connected to the top of the hook head, a pull rod rotatably connected inside the rotating seat, a slotted sliding rod rotatably connected to the end of the pull rod away from the rotating seat, a push-slide assembly provided inside the connector, and a limiting assembly provided at the top of the hook arm.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the surgical retractor for hepatobiliary surgery of the present invention, the angle adjustment component further includes an arc-shaped locking groove opened inside the fixing seat, the sliding column is slidably connected to the inside of the connector, a slotted column is fixedly connected to the outside of the sliding column, a beveled locking head is slidably connected inside the slotted column, and a second spring is provided between the right side of the beveled locking head and the inner wall of the slotted column.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the surgical retractor for hepatobiliary surgery of the present invention, the arc-shaped locking groove is composed of an arc-shaped sliding groove and a toothed locking groove. The toothed locking groove is located on the left side of the arc-shaped sliding groove. The inclined locking head engages with the toothed locking groove, and one side of the inclined surface of the inclined locking head is located at the top. The diameter of the slotted column corresponds to the width of the arc-shaped sliding groove. The left end of the inclined groove is connected to the bottom end of the arc-shaped sliding groove.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the surgical retractor for hepatobiliary surgery of the present invention, the anti-rotation component includes a fixing head fixedly connected to the left end of the connector, lifting push rods fixedly connected to both the front and back of the fixing head, an arc-shaped shell fixedly connected inside the fixing seat, a sliding plate slidably connected inside the arc-shaped shell, and an arc-shaped spring provided between the top of the sliding plate and the top wall of the arc-shaped shell.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the surgical retractor for hepatobiliary surgery of the present invention, the diameter of the small push rod corresponds to the diameter of the fixing post, and the fixing seat and the small push rod are provided with holes at corresponding positions, and the fixing post is engaged with the holes opened inside the fixing seat.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the surgical retractor for hepatobiliary surgery of the present invention, the top block assembly includes a trapezoidal block slidably connected inside the connector, a connecting plate fixedly connected to the right side of the trapezoidal block, a limiting slide rod slidably connected inside the connecting plate and fixedly connected to the upper and lower inner walls of the connector, and a third spring provided between the bottom of the connecting plate and the connector.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the surgical retractor for hepatobiliary surgery of the present invention, the T-shaped pusher consists of a horizontal plate fixed inside the fixing base and a lower inclined insert block. The top of the connector has an insertion hole, and the area of ​​the insertion hole is larger than the bottom area of ​​the inclined insert block.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the surgical retractor for hepatobiliary surgery of the present invention, the push-slide assembly includes a support pusher fixedly connected to the right side of the fixation seat, a triangular block slidably connected to the inside of the connector and the retractor arm, and a limiting block fixedly connected to the right side of the triangular block and slidably connected to the inside of the connector and the retractor arm.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the surgical retractor for hepatobiliary surgery of the present invention, the limiting component includes a limiting shell fixedly connected to the top of the retractor arm, the interior of the limiting shell being slidably connected to the exterior of the slotted slide rod, and connecting blocks that are slidably connected to the interior of the limiting shell being fixedly connected to both the front and back of the slotted slide rod, and a fixing block being fixedly connected to the top of the retractor arm, and a fourth spring being provided between the left side of the fixing block and the connecting block.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the surgical retractor for hepatobiliary surgery of the present invention, the left end of the slotted slide bar is provided with a rectangular slot, and the initial position of the rectangular slot abuts against the top left side of the triangular block, and the length of the rectangular slot is greater than the width of the triangular block. The support pusher is composed of a concave support frame and a top abutment strip. The top of the abutment strip is a slope, and in the initial state, the slope of the top of the abutment strip is in contact with the bottom surface of the triangular block.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. Through the designed mounting components, the fixing post and the first spring work together to firmly lock the connector inside the fixing seat. This gapless locking method prevents the hook head from shaking or wobbling, improving the stability of the fixation. Combined with the arc-shaped locking groove and the beveled locking head, it can be adjusted according to needs.

[0019] By changing the angle of the retractor, the applicability of the surgical retractor in confined space environments was improved.

[0020] 2. By using the reset component and the T-shaped pusher to apply the resistance force to the iron plate, the locking mechanism can be automatically released when the joint is rotated to its limit, allowing the slotted column to be sent into the interior of the joint, so that the joint can be reset to its initial state for subsequent adjustment.

[0021] 3. By using the angle adjustment component and the resistance of the support pusher against the triangular block, the slotted slide bar can pull the pull rod, so that the tilt angle of the hook head can change with the change of the hook arm angle, so that the hook head can always be in close contact with human skin tissue and avoid the hooking process being affected. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a surgical retractor used in hepatobiliary surgery.

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a surgical retractor used in hepatobiliary surgery.

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the exploded and cross-sectional structure of the mounting components of a surgical retractor used in hepatobiliary surgery.

[0026] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the anti-rotation component of a surgical retractor used in hepatobiliary surgery.

[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the connector of a surgical retractor used in hepatobiliary surgery.

[0028] Figure 6 is an enlarged structural diagram of point A of a surgical retractor used in hepatobiliary surgery.

[0029] Figure 7 is an enlarged schematic diagram of section B of a surgical retractor used in hepatobiliary surgery.

[0030] Figure 8 is a frontal view of the repositioning component of a surgical retractor used in hepatobiliary surgery.

[0031] Figure 9 is a top view of the sectional structure of the repositioning component of a surgical retractor used in hepatobiliary surgery.

[0032] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the top block assembly of a surgical retractor used in hepatobiliary surgery.

[0033] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the angle adjustment component of a surgical retractor used in hepatobiliary surgery.

[0034] Figure 12 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the angle adjustment component of a surgical retractor used in hepatobiliary surgery.

[0035] Figure 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the limiting component of a surgical retractor used in hepatobiliary surgery.

[0036] In the diagram: 10. Rack; 11. Fixed base; 12. Small push rod; 13. Inclined groove; 14. Connecting joint; 15. Mounting slide rod; 16. Fixed column; 17. First spring; 18. Angle adjustment assembly; 181. Arc-shaped snap-fit ​​groove; 182. Slide column; 183. Slotted column; 184. Inclined snap-fit ​​head; 185. Second spring; 19. Anti-rotation assembly; 191. Fixed head; 192. Lifting push rod; 193. Arc-shaped shell; 194. Slide plate; 195. Arc-shaped spring; 20. T-shaped push head; 21. Connecting rod; 22. Moving plate; 23. Connecting arm; 24. Iron plate; 25. Magnetic block; 26. Top block assembly; 261. Trapezoidal block; 262. Connecting plate; 263. Limiting slide rod; 264. Third spring; 30. Hook arm; 31. Hook head; 32. Rotating seat; 33. Pull rod; 34. Slotted slide rod; 35. Push-slide assembly; 351. Support push frame; 352. Triangular block; 353. Limiting block; 36. Limiting assembly; 361. Limiting shell; 362. Connecting block; 363. Fixing block; 364. Fourth spring. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] Referring to Figures 1-7, this is the first embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment provides a surgical retractor for hepatobiliary surgery, which achieves a more stable snap-fit ​​installation of the retractor arm 30 and the retractor head 31 and allows for free adjustment of their tilt angle. It includes an installation component comprising a rack 10 and a connector 14. A fixing seat 11 is fixedly connected to the right side of the rack 10. A small push rod 12 is slidably connected inside the fixing seat 11. A groove 13 is formed inside the fixing seat 11. Mounting slide rods 15, slidably connected to the grooves 13, are fixedly connected to both the front and back of the connector 14. A fixing post 16 is slidably connected inside the mounting slide rod 15. A first spring 17 is provided between the inner side of the fixing post 16 and the connector 14. An angle adjustment component 18, including a slide post 182, is provided inside the connector 14. Anti-rotation components 19 are provided on the left side of the connector 14 and inside the fixing seat 11. A reset component is also included, which is fixedly connected to the fixing seat 11. The inner side of the T-shaped pusher 20 and the inner side of the sliding column 182 are fixedly connected to a connecting rod 21. The inner side of the connecting rod 21 is fixedly connected to a moving plate 22 that is slidably connected to a limiting rod inside the connector 14. The right side of the moving plate 22 is rotatably connected to a connecting arm 23. The end of the connecting arm 23 away from the moving plate 22 is rotatably connected to an iron plate 24.

[0040] A magnetic block 25 is fixedly connected inside the connector 14, and a top block assembly 26 is provided inside the connector 14; the angle adjustment component includes a hook arm 30 fixedly connected inside the connector 14, a hook head 31 rotatably connected to the right end of the hook arm 30, a rotating seat 32 fixedly connected to the top of the hook head 31, a pull rod 33 rotatably connected inside the rotating seat 32, a slotted slide rod 34 rotatably connected to the end of the pull rod 33 away from the rotating seat 32, a push-slide assembly 35 is provided inside the connector 14, and a limit assembly 36 is provided at the top of the hook arm 30.

[0041] Specifically, the mounting components allow for the replacement of the original shaft-hole snap-fit ​​method for installing the hook head 31. During installation, the connector 14 is simply inserted obliquely into the inner side of the fixing seat 11. An arc-shaped notch is provided on the right side of the fixing seat 11, flared in the right side of the inclined groove 13. After the slotted post 183 enters the inclined groove 13 through the notch, the mounting slide rod 15 then enters the inclined groove 13. When the fixing post 16 aligns with the small push rod 12, the spring force of the first spring 17 causes the fixing post 16 to pop out, pushing out the small push rod 12. The fixing post 16 then inserts into the hole of the small push rod 12, thus stably fixing the connector 14. When the connector 14 rotates, the oblique snap head 184 engages with different toothed slots in the arc-shaped snap-fit ​​groove 181. The entire connector 14 surrounds the fixing post 16. Rotating at the axis of rotation causes the hook arm 30 to change from an upward tilting state to a downward tilting state, thereby adjusting the angle of the hook arm 30 within this range.

[0042] After rotating the connector 14, the reset component releases the adjustment fixation, allowing it to return to its initial position for readjustment. When the connector 14 rotates the slotted column 183 to the top, the fixed T-shaped pusher 20 inserts into the connector 14 and gradually pushes the iron plate 24 to the right. When the slotted column 183 reaches its top, the iron plate 24 is pushed to the right and attracted by the magnetic force of the magnetic block 25 on the right, thus adhering to it. At this point, the connecting rod 21 drives the slotted column 183 to retract into the connector 14, allowing the connector 14 to reset and rotate. When the slotted column 183 moves to the bottom, the trapezoidal block 261 pushed out into the connector 14 pushes the iron plate 24 back to its reset position through resistance, magnetically fixing the iron plate 24 to the magnetic block 25 on the left. The slotted column 183 then re-enters the arc-shaped locking groove 181. It is located inside the body, thus allowing for readjustment and fixation.

[0043] To prevent the hook head 31 from inclining and piercing tissue when adjusting the tilt angle of the hook arm 30, an adjustment component is provided to automatically change the angle of the hook head 31 when adjusting the angle of the hook arm 30. When the connector 14 rotates, the support pusher 351 gradually enters the interior of the connector 14 and begins to push the triangular block 352. The moving triangular block 352 causes the slotted slide bar 34 to move to the left, pulling the hook head 31 to rotate. In other words, as the right end of the hook arm 30 changes from tilting upwards to tilting downwards, the hook head 31 gradually rotates to the right, preventing the bottom end of the hook head 31 from piercing human tissue.

[0044] Furthermore, the angle adjustment assembly 18 also includes an arc-shaped locking groove 181 opened inside the fixed base 11, a sliding column 182 slidably connected inside the connector 14, a slotted column 183 fixedly connected to the outside of the sliding column 182, a beveled locking head 184 slidably connected inside the slotted column 183, a second spring 185 provided between the right side of the beveled locking head 184 and the inner wall of the slotted column 183, the arc-shaped locking groove 181 is composed of an arc-shaped sliding groove and a toothed locking groove, the toothed locking groove is located on the left side of the arc-shaped sliding groove, the beveled locking head 184 engages with the toothed locking groove, and one side of the beveled surface of the beveled locking head 184 is located at the top, the diameter of the slotted column 183 corresponds to the width of the arc-shaped sliding groove, and the left end of the beveled groove 13 is connected to the bottom end of the arc-shaped sliding groove.

[0045] The slotted post 183 first enters the interior of the inclined groove 13. When it passes through the inclined groove 13, it directly enters the bottom end of the arc-shaped snap-fit ​​groove 181. The inclined snap-fit ​​head 184, through the elastic force applied by the second spring 185, can retract into the interior of the slotted post 183 and automatically reset. That is to say, when the left end of the connector 14 rotates upward along the axis of the fixed post 16, the inclined snap-fit ​​head 184 will enter different toothed snap-fit ​​grooves. Because the top of the inclined snap-fit ​​head 184 is inclined, the inclined snap-fit ​​head 184 will first retract into the interior of the slotted post 183, and then the elastic force will be released by the second spring 185 to snap into different toothed snap-fit ​​grooves.

[0046] Preferably, the anti-rotation assembly 19 includes a fixing head 191 fixedly connected to the left end of the connector 14. Lifting push rods 192 are fixedly connected to both the front and back of the fixing head 191. An arc-shaped shell 193 is fixedly connected inside the fixing base 11. A sliding plate 194 is slidably connected inside the arc-shaped shell 193. An arc-shaped spring 195 is provided between the top of the sliding plate 194 and the top wall of the arc-shaped shell 193. The diameter of the small push rod 12 corresponds to the diameter of the fixing post 16. Holes are provided at corresponding positions on the fixing base 11 and the small push rod 12.

[0047] It engages with the hole inside the mounting base 11.

[0048] It should be noted that the hook arm 30 and the hook head 31 have a certain weight, so in a natural state, the connector 14 is prone to rotate, resulting in unstable engagement. Therefore, after the connector 14 is inserted into the fixed seat 11, the fixed head 191 will drive the lifting push rod 192 to be inserted into the arc-shaped shell 193. In the initial state, the lifting push rod 192 is directly in contact with the slide plate 194. When the connector 14 rotates, the fixed head 191 will also rotate, causing the lifting push rod 192 to move upward. The arc spring 195 applies a resisting force to the slide plate 194, ensuring that the bottom surface of the inclined latch 184 is always in contact with the bottom wall of the toothed slot, and no natural rotation will occur.

[0049] During use, when installing the hook arm 30 and the rack 10, first, the connector 14 is inserted obliquely into the fixed base 11. That is, the slotted post 183 first enters the inclined groove 13. After the slotted post 183 has been inserted a short distance into the inclined groove 13, the fixed posts 16 on both sides are pressed, causing the fixed posts 16 to retract into the mounting slide rod 15. At this time, the first spring 17 is compressed. After the fixed post 16 is retracted into the mounting slide rod 15, the connector 14 is pushed so that the mounting slide rod 15 can be inserted into the inclined groove 13. When the fixed post 16 corresponds to the hole of the small push rod 12, the first spring 17 releases its elasticity, the fixed post 16 pops out and inserts into the hole of the small push rod 12, completing the fixing of the connector 14 and pushing out the small push rod 12. At this time, the slotted post 183 is located in the arc-shaped snap-fit ​​groove 181. At the bottom end, the fixing head 191 drives the lifting push rod 192 into the interior of the arc-shaped shell 193, and the lifting push rod 192 fits against the slide plate 194.

[0050] After the hook arm 30 is fixed, the angle of the hook arm 30 can be adjusted. First, press the hook arm 30 so that the connector 14 can rotate along the axis of the fixing post 16. At this time, the left end of the connector 14 starts to rotate upward. Due to the action of the inclined surface, the beveled head 184 retracts into the slotted post 183 and begins to compress the second spring 185. When the position of the beveled head 184 corresponds to the position of the toothed slot above, the second spring 185 will release its elastic force and push the beveled head 184 out. By pressing the hook arm 30, the beveled head 184 can be engaged with different toothed slots, and the different tilt angles of the hook arm 30 can be adjusted as needed.

[0051] When the left end of the connector 14 is rotated upward, the lifting push rod 192 also moves upward and pushes the slide plate 194 to slide. The sliding slide plate 194 will squeeze the arc spring 195. The squeezed arc spring 195 always applies a downward force, so that the bottom surface of the inclined chuck 184 can always contact the bottom inner wall of the toothed groove. Therefore, the hook arm 30 will not fall down naturally due to gravity.

[0052] When separating and disassembling the fixing seat 11 and the connector 14, simply reset the slotted column 183 to the state after the connection, press the small push rod 12, and push the fixing column 16 into the interior of the mounting slide rod 15, then pull out the connector 14.

[0053] In summary, the circular hole positioning and snapping method can prevent the hook arm 30 and hook head 31 from shaking or swaying due to gaps after installation, thus increasing the stability after fixing. At the same time, by using the butt joint 14 that rotates along the axis of the fixing column 16, and cooperating with the toothed groove and the slotted column 183, the tilt angle of the hook arm 30 can be adjusted to adapt to the actual needs of the hook.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] Reference Figure 8 Figure 10 shows the second embodiment of the present invention. Unlike the previous embodiment, this embodiment provides a reset component for a surgical retractor used in hepatobiliary surgery, which allows the rotating connector 14 to automatically release the adjustment fixation after rotating to its limit state for easy reset. It includes a top block assembly 26, including a trapezoidal block 261 slidably connected inside the connector 14. A connecting plate 262 is fixedly connected to the right side of the trapezoidal block 261. A limiting slide rod 263 is slidably connected inside the connecting plate 262 and fixedly connected to the upper and lower inner walls of the connector 14. A third spring 264 is provided between the bottom of the connecting plate 262 and the connector 14.

[0056] Specifically, when the iron plate 24 is pushed by the T-shaped pusher 20 and comes into contact with the magnetic block 25 on the right, the bottom of the trapezoidal block 261 will be exposed from the inside of the connector 14, that is, the connector 14 will drop, causing the third spring 264 to be compressed. The third spring 264 is designed to ensure that the connector 14 is always placed inside the connector 14 in its natural state, avoiding the bottom protrusion that would cause difficulties in docking and installation.

[0057] Furthermore, the T-shaped pusher 20 consists of a horizontal plate fixed inside the fixed base 11 and a lower inclined insert block. The top of the connector 14 is provided with an insertion hole, and the area of ​​the insertion hole is larger than the bottom area of ​​the inclined insert block.

[0058] As the connector 14 rotates, the fixed inclined insert will gradually enter the interior of the socket and then come into contact with the iron plate 24. Since the area of ​​the socket is larger than the inclined insert, there will be no obstruction in the travel of the connector 14 when it rotates, that is, there will be no contact affecting the rotation.

[0059] During use, as the left end of the connector 14 rotates upward, the inclined insert at the bottom of the T-shaped pusher 20 inserts into the interior of the connector 14. After the inclined insert contacts the iron plate 24, it pushes the iron plate 24 to move gradually to the right, releasing it from the magnetic attraction of the left magnetic block 25. The iron plate 24 moving to the right pulls the connecting arm 23, causing the moving plate 22 to move inward, which in turn drives the hook head 31 to move inward. At this time, the slotted column 183 is gradually pulled into the interior of the connector 14. However, since the connector 14 has not rotated to its limit, the inclined clamp head 184 still has a partial structure stuck inside the arc-shaped clamping groove 181.

[0060] When the left end of the connector 14 is rotated to its limit, the T-shaped pusher 20 will completely contact the iron plate 24, causing its right end to magnetically adhere to the magnetic block 25 on the right side. At this time, the trapezoidal block 261, pushed by the iron plate 24, descends to its limit and protrudes at the bottom of the connector 14. Simultaneously, the slotted column 183 completely enters the interior of the connector 14. The connector 14 can now rotate freely along the axis of the fixed column 16 because the inclined clamp 184 releases the clamping of the arc-shaped clamping groove 181. At this time, the left end of the connector 14 can rotate downward. When the left end of the connector 14 rotates downward, the slotted column 183 will not reset because the iron plate 24 and the magnetic block 25 on the right side are magnetically adhered.

[0061] As the left end of the connector 14 is about to rotate to its limit, the bottom of the trapezoidal block 261 contacts the bottom of the fixed base 11, pushing the trapezoidal block 261 back into the connector 14. At the same time, the trapezoidal block 261 abuts against the iron plate 24, separating it from the right magnetic block 25, and moves to the left, magnetically attracting the left magnetic block 25 again. During this instantaneous downward rotation, the above process occurs, and the slotted column 183 resets again, and the inclined clamp head 184 resets to the bottom of the arc-shaped clamping groove 181.

[0062] In summary, through the cooperation of the iron plate 24 and the magnetic block 25, the left end of the connector 14 can only engage during upward rotation, and can disengage when the left end of the connector 14 is rotated to its limit.

[0063] Adjust it until it rotates to the initial state, then you can continue to adjust.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] Referring to Figures 11-13, this is the third embodiment of the present invention. Unlike the previous embodiment, this embodiment provides an angle-adjusting component for a surgical retractor used in hepatobiliary surgery, solving the problem that rotation of the retractor arm 30 alone could cause the retractor head 31 to puncture human tissue. It includes a push-slide assembly 35, comprising a support pusher 351 fixedly connected to the right side of the fixing base 11. A triangular block 352 is slidably connected to the inside of the connector 14 and the retractor arm 30. A limiting block 353 is fixedly connected to the right side of the triangular block 352, slidably connected to the inside of the connector 14 and the retractor arm 30. A limiting assembly 36 includes a limiting shell 361 fixedly connected to the top of the retractor arm 30. The inside of the limiting shell 361 is slidably connected to the outside of the slotted slide rod 34. Connecting blocks 362, slidably connected to the inside of the limiting shell 361, are fixedly connected to both the front and back of the slotted slide rod 34. A fixing block 363 is fixedly connected to the top of the retractor arm 30. A fourth spring 364 is provided between the left side of the connector and the connecting block 362.

[0066] Specifically, during the process of inserting the connector 14 obliquely into the fixing seat 11, the triangular block 352 is sent to the top of the support pusher 351. When the connector 14 rotates, the support pusher 351 pushes the triangular block 352 upward inside the connector 14, thereby changing the position of the hook arm 30. When the connector 14 drives the hook arm 30 to rotate, the tilt angle of the hook head 31 will be automatically changed by the pull of the slotted slide rod 34. During this process, the fourth spring 364 will be stretched. When the connector 14 rotates to reset, the fourth spring 364 will pull the slotted slide rod 34 to reset.

[0067] Furthermore, a rectangular slot is provided at the left end of the slotted slide bar 34, and the initial position of the rectangular slot is in contact with the top left side of the triangular block 352. The length of the rectangular slot is greater than the width of the triangular block 352. The support pusher 351 is composed of a concave support frame and a top contact strip. The top of the contact strip is a slope. In the initial state, the slope at the top of the contact strip is in contact with the bottom surface of the triangular block 352.

[0068] The rectangular slot at the left end of the slotted slide bar 34, in conjunction with the triangular block 352, allows the slotted slide bar 34 to move to the left. As the triangular block 352 rises, the rectangular slot moves to the left, thus causing the slotted slide bar 34 to move to the left. Since the top of the triangular block 352 always abuts against the left edge of the rectangular slot,

[0069] Therefore, the stroke of the slotted slide bar 34 is limited and will not move too far to the right.

[0070] During use, as the left end of the connector 14 rotates upward, the right end of the connector 14 rotates downward, causing the top of the support pusher 351 to push the triangular block 352 upward. The rising triangular block 352 abuts against the rectangular slot of the slotted slide bar 34, causing it to slide to the left, which in turn causes the slotted slide bar 34 to slide to the left. When the slotted slide bar 34 slides to the left, the pull rod 33 pulls the rotating seat 32, causing the rotating seat 32 to pull the hook head 31. In other words, during this process, the angle between the hook arm 30 and the hook head 31 gradually increases, so that the hook head 31 can always follow the angle change of the hook arm 30, and the hook head 31 can always be in contact with the skin tissue that needs to be pulled.

[0071] It should be further explained that during hepatobiliary surgery, the retractor needs to pull the cut skin, that is, to pull the skin tissue apart. By adjusting the rotation of the retractor arm 30, the skin can be pulled without the rotation of the rack 10, only by the rotation of the retractor arm 30, even when space or angle is limited. The retractor head 31, which rotates adaptively with the retractor arm 30, can prevent the bottom of the retractor head 31 from puncturing the skin tissue. In other words, the left side of the retractor head 31 is always in contact with the skin tissue.

[0072] In summary, by designing a hook head 31 that rotates with the hook arm 30, the hook head 31 can always be in contact with the skin tissue, thus preventing the hook head 31 from puncturing the human skin tissue.

[0073] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surgical retractor for hepatobiliary surgery, characterized in that: include, The mounting components include a rack (10) and a connector (14). A mounting base (11) is fixedly connected to the right side of the rack (10). A small push rod (12) is slidably connected inside the mounting base (11). A groove (13) is provided inside the mounting base (11). Mounting slide rods (15) that are slidably connected to the grooves (13) are fixedly connected to both the front and back of the connector (14). A fixing post (16) is slidably connected inside the mounting slide rod (15). A space is provided between the inner side of the fixing post (16) and the connector (14). A first spring (17) is provided. The diameter of the small push rod (12) corresponds to the diameter of the fixed column (16). A hole is opened at the corresponding position of the fixed seat (11) and the small push rod (12). The fixed column (16) is engaged with the hole. The connector (14) can rotate along the axis of the fixed column (16). An angle adjustment component (18) is provided inside the connector (14). The angle adjustment component (18) includes a sliding column (182). Anti-rotation components (19) are provided on the left side of the connector (14) and inside the fixed seat (11). The reset component includes a T-shaped pusher (20) fixedly connected to the inside of the fixed base (11), a connecting rod (21) fixedly connected to the inside of the sliding column (182), a moving plate (22) fixedly connected to the inside of the connecting rod (21) and slidably connected to the limiting rod inside the connector (14), a connecting arm (23) rotatably connected to the right side of the moving plate (22), an iron plate (24) rotatably connected to the end of the connecting arm (23) away from the moving plate (22), a magnetic block (25) fixedly connected inside the connector (14), and a top block assembly (26) provided inside the connector (14). The angle adjustment component includes a hook arm (30) fixedly connected inside the connector (14), a hook head (31) rotatably connected to the right end of the hook arm (30), a rotating seat (32) fixedly connected to the top of the hook head (31), a pull rod (33) rotatably connected inside the rotating seat (32), a slotted slide rod (34) rotatably connected to the end of the pull rod (33) away from the rotating seat (32), a push-slide assembly (35) is provided inside the connector (14), and a limit assembly (36) is provided at the top of the hook arm (30). The angle adjustment assembly (18) also includes an arc-shaped snap-fit ​​groove (181) opened inside the fixed base (11), the sliding column (182) is slidably connected to the inside of the connector (14), the outer side of the sliding column (182) is fixedly connected to a slotted column (183), the inside of the slotted column (183) is slidably connected to a beveled snap-fit ​​head (184), and a second spring (185) is provided between the right side of the beveled snap-fit ​​head (184) and the inner wall of the slotted column (183). The arc-shaped snap-fit ​​groove (181) is composed of an arc-shaped sliding groove and a toothed snap-fit ​​groove. The toothed snap-fit ​​groove is located on the left side of the arc-shaped sliding groove. When the connector (14) rotates, the inclined snap-fit ​​head (184) will be snapped into different toothed snap-fit ​​grooves of the arc-shaped snap-fit ​​groove (181). One side of the inclined surface of the inclined snap-fit ​​head (184) is located at the top. The diameter of the slotted column (183) corresponds to the width of the arc-shaped sliding groove. The left end of the inclined groove (13) is connected to the bottom end of the arc-shaped sliding groove.

2. The surgical retractor for hepatobiliary surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-rotation component (19) includes a fixed head (191) fixedly connected to the left end of the connector (14). The front and back of the fixed head (191) are both fixedly connected to lifting push rods (192). The inside of the fixed seat (11) is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped shell (193). The inside of the arc-shaped shell (193) is slidably connected to a sliding plate (194). An arc-shaped spring (195) is provided between the top of the sliding plate (194) and the top wall of the arc-shaped shell (193).

3. The surgical retractor for hepatobiliary surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the small push rod (12) corresponds to the diameter of the fixed column (16), and the fixed seat (11) is provided with a hole at the corresponding position of the small push rod (12), and the fixed column (16) is engaged with the hole opened inside the fixed seat (11).

4. A surgical retractor for hepatobiliary surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top block assembly (26) includes a trapezoidal block (261) slidably connected inside the connector (14). A connecting plate (262) is fixedly connected to the right side of the trapezoidal block (261). A limiting slide rod (263) is slidably connected inside the connecting plate (262) and fixedly connected to the upper and lower walls of the connector (14). A third spring (264) is provided between the bottom of the connecting plate (262) and the connector (14).

5. A surgical retractor for hepatobiliary surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The T-shaped pusher (20) consists of a horizontal plate fixed inside the fixed base (11) and a sloping insert below it. The top of the connector (14) is provided with an insertion hole, and the area of ​​the insertion hole is larger than the bottom area of ​​the sloping insert.

6. A surgical retractor for hepatobiliary surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push-slide assembly (35) includes a support pusher (351) fixedly connected to the right side of the fixed base (11), a triangular block (352) is slidably connected to the inside of the connector (14) and the hook arm (30), and a limiting block (353) is fixedly connected to the right side of the triangular block (352) and slidably connected to the inside of the connector (14) and the hook arm (30).

7. A surgical retractor for hepatobiliary surgery according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting component (36) includes a limiting shell (361) fixedly connected to the top of the hook arm (30). The inside of the limiting shell (361) is slidably connected to the outside of the slotted slide rod (34). The front and back of the slotted slide rod (34) are both fixedly connected to connecting blocks (362) that are slidably connected to the inside of the limiting shell (361). The top of the hook arm (30) is fixedly connected to a fixing block (363). A fourth spring (364) is provided between the left side of the fixing block (363) and the connecting block (362).

8. A surgical retractor for hepatobiliary surgery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The left end of the slotted slide bar (34) is provided with a rectangular slot, and the initial position of the rectangular slot is in contact with the top left side of the triangular block (352). The length of the rectangular slot is greater than the width of the triangular block (352). The support pusher (351) is composed of a concave support frame and a top contact strip. The top of the contact strip is a slope. In the initial state, the slope of the top of the contact strip is in contact with the bottom surface of the triangular block (352).

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