Mining monitoring substation based on 5G and heterogeneous network convergence
By using a mining monitoring substation based on the integration of 5G and heterogeneous networks, the problems of poor flexibility, low reliability and high operation and maintenance costs of traditional mining monitoring substations have been solved. This has achieved high reliability, low latency and flexible deployment, and improved fault location efficiency and system availability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511786997.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-01
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-03
AI Technical Summary
Traditional mine monitoring substations suffer from poor flexibility, low reliability, insufficient real-time performance, and high operation and maintenance costs. In particular, data transmission stability and real-time performance are difficult to guarantee in the mine environment, and the system is also complex and costly.
The mine monitoring substation adopts a 5G and heterogeneous network integration approach, including a main control module, a 5G communication module, a heterogeneous network interface module, a data acquisition and processing module, and a power management module. It dynamically schedules data transmission through an intelligent network switching algorithm to achieve multi-network link redundancy and load balancing.
It achieves network convergence, flexible deployment, high reliability and low latency, supports remote equipment monitoring and fault diagnosis, reduces cable laying and maintenance costs, and improves fault location efficiency and system availability.
Smart Images
Figure CN121603997A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine safety monitoring technology, and in particular to a mine monitoring substation based on the integration of 5G and heterogeneous networks. Background Technology
[0002] Traditional mine monitoring substations primarily collect data from various sensors via a bus, then transmit the data to a PC for display and monitoring through electrical or optical interfaces. This data acquisition and transmission method is relatively simple, with limited network compatibility. For example, in complex mine environments, relying solely on electrical or optical interfaces may be affected by factors such as line laying limitations and electromagnetic interference, making it difficult to guarantee the stability and real-time performance of data transmission. Furthermore, different types of sensors require different interface conversion devices, increasing system complexity and cost.
[0003] Existing mine monitoring substations have the following drawbacks:
[0004] Poor flexibility: Traditional wired transmission solutions involve a large amount of cabling work in alleyways, have limited equipment scalability, and low fault location efficiency.
[0005] Low reliability: Wireless protocols such as WiFi and ZigBee are susceptible to the complex terrain and electromagnetic interference underground, resulting in a high data packet loss rate.
[0006] Insufficient real-time performance: 4G network transmission can cause lag, packet loss and high latency, which poses a great security risk to remotely controlled mining equipment.
[0007] High operation and maintenance costs: Traditional solutions have low equipment deployment efficiency, high operation and maintenance costs, and difficulty in troubleshooting.
[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new mining monitoring substation based on the integration of 5G and heterogeneous networks to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention
[0009] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a mining monitoring substation based on the integration of 5G and heterogeneous networks.
[0010] The mining monitoring substation based on the fusion of 5G and heterogeneous networks provided by this invention includes:
[0011] The main control module is used for system control, data protocol conversion, and decision scheduling.
[0012] The 5G communication module is connected to the main control module and is used to provide 5G wireless access capability;
[0013] A heterogeneous network interface module is connected to the main control module. The heterogeneous network interface module includes a WiFi interface, an optical port, and an electrical port, which are used to provide multiple wired and wireless network access methods.
[0014] The data acquisition and processing module, connected to the main control module, is used to acquire multi-source sensor data and perform edge computing.
[0015] A power management module is used to supply power to each module. The power management module is intrinsically safe and supports dual power supply redundancy.
[0016] The main control module is configured to dynamically schedule the 5G communication module and the heterogeneous network interface module to transmit data based on the network status and the QoS requirements of the service data, thereby achieving intelligent selection and load balancing of network links.
[0017] Preferably, the main control module integrates an intelligent network switching algorithm, configured to: prioritize the transmission of latency-sensitive control commands via the 5G communication module; and prioritize the transmission of large amounts of monitoring information via the optical port.
[0018] Preferably, the 5G communication module supports 5G RedCap technology and is compatible with the 3GPP R17 standard.
[0019] Preferably, the data acquisition and processing module supports RS485 and CAN bus protocols and is configured to perform at least one edge computing operation on the acquired data locally, including data filtering, data fusion, and risk identification.
[0020] Preferably, the main control module uses a multi-core processor, supports hardware virtualization, and has a built-in precise clock synchronization protocol.
[0021] Preferably, the power management module supports a wide voltage DC input from 12V to 36V.
[0022] Preferably, the mining monitoring substation is deployed on the edge side underground in the mine, forming an edge node in the "cloud-edge-device" collaborative architecture, used to realize one-stop aggregation of disaster monitoring information, local identification of major risks, and local control of early warning.
[0023] A mine safety monitoring system, comprising:
[0024] One or more end devices, including at least one of a mobile inspection robot, a smart mining lamp, a mining pressure sensor, and a smart wearable device, wherein the end devices are connected to the monitoring substation via a 5G network, a WiFi network, or a wired network.
[0025] The cloud platform, through the monitoring substations and the terminal devices, is used to achieve unified data collection, monitoring, analysis and collaborative control.
[0026] A data transmission method for a mine monitoring substation includes the following steps:
[0027] The data acquisition and processing module acquires multi-source sensor data.
[0028] The main control module processes the collected data and identifies the service type and QoS requirements of the data.
[0029] Based on network status awareness and the QoS requirements of the data, the main control module intelligently selects the optimal network path.
[0030] The intelligent selection includes: when the data is a time-delay-sensitive critical control command, it is preferentially transmitted through the 5G communication module; when the data is a large amount of monitoring information, it is preferentially transmitted through the optical port in the heterogeneous network interface module.
[0031] Preferably, the method further includes: performing local edge computing on the acquired sensor data through the data acquisition and processing module, wherein the edge computing includes at least one operation among data filtering, data fusion, and lightweight risk identification.
[0032] Compared with related technologies, the mine monitoring substation based on the fusion of 5G and heterogeneous networks provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0033] 1. Network convergence and flexible deployment: By integrating 5G with heterogeneous networks, wired serial connections are replaced with wireless star connections, significantly reducing cable laying.
[0034] 2. High Reliability: Employing a multi-network link redundancy design and intelligent switching mechanism, the system availability is >99.999%, and the network protection switching time is <50ms. The 5G network has passed rigorous electromagnetic compatibility tests, maintaining Class A immunity performance even in environments with dense large-scale electromechanical equipment and severe electromagnetic interference in underground mines.
[0035] 3. Low latency and high bandwidth: 5G networks reduce the latency of the original 4G by more than 10 times, meeting the requirements of latency ≤10ms and reliability reaching industrial grade.
[0036] 4. Intelligent operation and maintenance: Supports remote equipment monitoring and fault diagnosis, significantly improving fault location efficiency and reducing downtime.
[0037] 5. Achieve multi-system integration and unified management and control: Build a unified digital foundation and a cloud platform based on microservice architecture to achieve unified data collection, monitoring, analysis and collaborative control, and solve the problem of data silos. Attached Figure Description
[0038] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a mining monitoring substation based on the fusion of 5G and heterogeneous networks provided by the present invention;
[0039] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the intelligent network scheduling method executed by the main control module in a mine monitoring substation provided by this invention;
[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a mine safety monitoring system for a mine monitoring substation provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0041] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0042] Example 1
[0043] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a specific hardware structure for a mining monitoring substation based on the integration of 5G and heterogeneous networks.
[0044] The mine monitoring substation includes: a main control module, a 5G communication module, a heterogeneous network interface module, a data acquisition and processing module, and a power management module.
[0045] The main control module employs a high-performance multi-core ARM processor (e.g., Cortex-A series). This processor supports hardware virtualization technology, enabling the creation of isolated operating environments for different data processing tasks, thus improving system stability and security. The main control module incorporates a precise clock synchronization protocol (e.g., IEEE 1588v2, or PTP protocol) to ensure microsecond-level time synchronization accuracy with the cloud and other branch stations and terminal devices. The main control module is responsible for overall control and scheduling, data protocol conversion between modules (e.g., converting RS485 protocol data to TCP / IP protocol data), and running intelligent network switching algorithms.
[0046] The 5G communication module connects to the main control module via a high-speed PCIe interface. Specifically, the 5G communication module employs an industrial-grade module supporting 5G RedCap (reduced capability) technology, which is compatible with the 3GPP R17 standard. 5G RedCap technology reduces module complexity, power consumption, and cost while ensuring key performance characteristics (such as low latency and high reliability), making it particularly suitable for the mining monitoring scenario in this embodiment. This module is responsible for providing high-speed, low-latency 5G wireless access capabilities and establishing connections with 5G base stations deployed underground in the mine.
[0047] The heterogeneous network interface module is connected to the main control module via an Ethernet bus. This module integrates multiple wired and wireless network interfaces, specifically including: one or more WiFi interfaces (supporting 802.11ac / ax standards) for connecting mobile terminal devices such as smart mine lamps and mobile inspection robots; one or more Gigabit Ethernet Ethernet ports (RJ45) for connecting nearby fixed sensors or devices that support wired networks; and one or more Gigabit Ethernet optical ports (SFP) for long-distance, interference-resistant backbone network data transmission, which can be connected to the upper-level aggregation switch or core network of the mine.
[0048] The data acquisition and processing module connects to the main control module via a serial bus (such as SPI, I2C) and / or Ethernet. This module integrates multiple industrial fieldbus interfaces, including at least an RS485 interface and a CAN bus interface, for direct connection to various mine pressure sensors, gas sensors, wind speed sensors, etc. Internally, the module carries a dedicated processing chip (such as an FPGA or DSP), configured to perform edge computing operations locally before data upload. These operations include, but are not limited to: filtering and denoising raw sensor data; correlating and complementing multi-source sensor data to form a more comprehensive environmental situation information data fusion; and performing preliminary analysis of the acquired data based on preset rules or lightweight AI models to achieve local identification of major risks (such as excessive gas levels or abnormal roof pressure).
[0049] The power management module provides a stable power supply to all the aforementioned modules. This module adopts an intrinsically safe design, complying with mining explosion-proof standards. It supports a wide voltage DC input from 12V to 36V, adapting to the complex power supply environment underground. Furthermore, this module employs a dual-power redundancy design, supporting automatic switching between primary and backup power supplies. When one power supply fails, it seamlessly switches to the backup power supply, ensuring continuous and uninterrupted operation of the monitoring substation.
[0050] Example 2
[0051] like Figure 2 As shown in this embodiment, the intelligent network scheduling method executed by the main control module in the mine monitoring substation is described.
[0052] The intelligent network switching algorithm built into the main control module dynamically selects the optimal network path for data transmission based on the real-time perceived network status (5G network signal strength RSSI, bit error rate; WiFi network bandwidth utilization; wired network connectivity) and the quality of service (QoS) requirements (latency, bandwidth, reliability) of the data to be transmitted.
[0053] The specific implementation process is as follows:
[0054] After acquiring data from multiple sensor sources, the data acquisition and processing module performs preliminary edge computing processing.
[0055] The processed data (or its metadata) is sent to the main control module. The main control module identifies the service type and corresponding QoS requirements based on the data's content, source, or preset tags.
[0056] The main control module invokes the intelligent network switching algorithm to make a decision based on the current status information of each network interface:
[0057] When the algorithm identifies time-sensitive critical control commands (emergency stop commands, equipment linkage control commands) as data, it prioritizes the 5G communication module for transmission. This is because the 5G network boasts ultra-low latency (as low as 1ms) and high reliability, ensuring the immediacy and determinism of control commands.
[0058] When the algorithm identifies large volumes of monitoring information (high-definition video surveillance streams, 3D laser point cloud data), it prioritizes the optical port in the heterogeneous network interface module for transmission. The optical port features high bandwidth, long-distance transmission, and strong resistance to electromagnetic interference, making it suitable for uploading massive amounts of data.
[0059] For general, non-urgent monitoring data or data transmitted from mobile terminals, the data can be flexibly routed to either the WiFi interface or the Ethernet port for transmission, depending on the network load, thereby achieving load balancing of the network link.
[0060] Based on the decision results, the main control module sends out the data through the corresponding communication module (5G communication module 102 or a specific interface in the heterogeneous network interface module).
[0061] By employing the above methods, the network resources were optimized, ensuring the performance of critical services while improving overall data transmission efficiency.
[0062] Example 3
[0063] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a specific deployment of a mine safety monitoring system that includes the aforementioned mine monitoring substation.
[0064] The system includes: a cloud platform, one or more mining monitoring substations (as edge nodes) as described in Example 1, and one or more end devices.
[0065] The terminal equipment includes, but is not limited to: mobile inspection robots equipped with high-definition cameras and multiple sensors; smart mine lamps integrating communication and positioning functions; mine pressure sensors for monitoring roadway pressure; and smart wearable devices worn by workers. The terminal equipment establishes communication connections with nearby deployed mine monitoring substations via 5G networks, WiFi networks, or wired networks.
[0066] The mining monitoring substations are deployed in key areas underground (such as mining faces, haulage roadways, and electromechanical chambers), forming edge nodes in a "cloud-edge-device" collaborative architecture. They are responsible for one-stop aggregation of data reported by all end devices within their jurisdiction. Simultaneously, utilizing the edge computing capabilities of their data acquisition and processing module 104, they perform localized processing on the aggregated data, executing operations such as data filtering, fusion, and lightweight risk identification. For identified major risks, the monitoring substation can immediately trigger local audible and visual alarms, and even execute pre-defined local control logic, achieving rapid response without waiting for cloud-based instructions.
[0067] The cloud platform is deployed in a ground data center or in the cloud, communicating with various monitoring substations through the mine's industrial ring network. The cloud platform is responsible for receiving and storing data from all edge nodes, performing global data mining, in-depth analysis, trend prediction, and visualization. The cloud platform can also distribute control strategies and AI model updates to edge nodes, enabling collaborative control and continuous optimization of the entire system.
[0068] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A mining monitoring substation based on the integration of 5G and heterogeneous networks, characterized in that, include: The main control module is used for system control, data protocol conversion, and decision scheduling. The 5G communication module is connected to the main control module and is used to provide 5G wireless access capability; A heterogeneous network interface module is connected to the main control module. The heterogeneous network interface module includes a WiFi interface, an optical port, and an electrical port, which are used to provide multiple wired and wireless network access methods. The data acquisition and processing module, connected to the main control module, is used to acquire multi-source sensor data and perform edge computing. A power management module is used to supply power to each module. The power management module is intrinsically safe and supports dual power supply redundancy. The main control module is configured to dynamically schedule the 5G communication module and the heterogeneous network interface module to transmit data based on the network status and the QoS requirements of the service data, thereby achieving intelligent selection and load balancing of network links.
2. The mining monitoring substation based on the fusion of 5G and heterogeneous networks as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The main control module integrates an intelligent network switching algorithm, configured to: prioritize the 5G communication module for transmission of time-sensitive control commands; and prioritize the optical port for transmission of large amounts of monitoring information.
3. The mining monitoring substation based on the fusion of 5G and heterogeneous networks as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The 5G communication module supports 5G RedCap technology and is compatible with the 3GPP R17 standard.
4. The mining monitoring substation based on the fusion of 5G and heterogeneous networks as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition and processing module supports RS485 and CAN bus protocols and is configured to perform at least one edge computing operation on the acquired data locally, including data filtering, data fusion, and risk identification.
5. The mining monitoring substation based on the fusion of 5G and heterogeneous networks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main control module uses a multi-core processor, supports hardware virtualization, and has a built-in precise clock synchronization protocol.
6. The mining monitoring substation based on the fusion of 5G and heterogeneous networks as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The power management module supports a wide voltage DC input from 12V to 36V.
7. The mining monitoring substation based on the fusion of 5G and heterogeneous networks as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mining monitoring substations are deployed on the edge side underground in the mine, forming edge nodes in the "cloud-edge-device" collaborative architecture. They are used to realize one-stop aggregation of disaster monitoring information, local identification of major risks, and on-site control of early warnings.
8. A mine safety monitoring system, comprising a mine monitoring substation based on the fusion of 5G and heterogeneous networks as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Also includes: One or more end devices, including at least one of a mobile inspection robot, a smart mining lamp, a mining pressure sensor, and a smart wearable device, wherein the end devices are connected to the monitoring substation via a 5G network, a WiFi network, or a wired network. The cloud platform, through the monitoring substations and the terminal devices, is used to achieve unified data collection, monitoring, analysis and collaborative control.
9. A data transmission method based on the mine monitoring substation of claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The data acquisition and processing module acquires multi-source sensor data. The main control module processes the collected data and identifies the service type and QoS requirements of the data. Based on network status awareness and the QoS requirements of the data, the main control module intelligently selects the optimal network path. The intelligent selection includes: when the data is a time-latency-sensitive critical control command, it is preferentially transmitted through the 5G communication module; When the data is a large amount of monitoring information, it is preferentially transmitted through the optical port in the heterogeneous network interface module.
10. The data transmission method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: performing local edge computing on the acquired sensor data through the data acquisition and processing module, wherein the edge computing includes at least one operation among data filtering, data fusion, and lightweight risk identification.