A device for testing the permeability of a red mud based road base

Abstract

This invention provides a permeability testing device for red mud-based roadbed fillers, relating to the field of waste utilization technology for red mud-based roadbed fillers. The device includes a permeability testing platform, which is a three-layer platform consisting of a base, a middle support plate, and an upper support plate. A control center is located on the right side of the platform. A measuring cup is located above the base. Two reinforcing motors are fixedly connected to the bottom of the middle support plate. A combined support frame is bolted to the top of the middle support plate. A flexible testing channel is fixedly installed inside the combined support frame. An elastic converging tube is fitted over the flexible testing channel, with its upper and lower edges folded outwards to form converging flanges. A collection hopper is inserted into the center of the middle support plate. This invention's testing device exhibits low testing deviation, good testing stability and consistency, high testing efficiency, automatic cleaning capability, simple structure, low cost, and suitability for industrial production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of testing technology for waste utilization of red mud-based roadbed fillers, and specifically to a permeability testing device for red mud-based roadbed fillers. Background Technology

[0002] Red mud refers to the highly alkaline solid waste produced in the alumina industry. After scientific modification, the alkalinity of red mud can be neutralized and its engineering performance improved, enabling it to meet the engineering performance standards for road filling and become a new type of material-based roadbed filler. Its core modification goals are to increase strength, reduce shrinkage and soluble salt content, and control appropriate permeability. This technology realizes the transformation of red mud from waste to treasure, avoids the risks of long-term land occupation, leachate pollution and dust pollution associated with traditional red mud stockpiling methods, and reduces the mining of natural sand and gravel used in traditional roadbeds, thus protecting the ecological environment.

[0003] In the modification process of red mud-based roadbed filler, multiple modification experiments are required to process the red mud into a modified process and method that meets the engineering performance of red mud-based roadbed. The mechanical properties, durability, permeability and other properties of the samples are tested. For the permeability test of the samples, the method of inverting the measuring cup on the sample surface to allow water to permeate naturally is often used. This method is difficult to accurately measure the actual permeation of red mud-based roadbed, and it is not easy to control the actual cross-section of the water permeation path, resulting in inaccurate measurement, test deviation, and a large number of test samples required, which increases the testing cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art and provide a red mud-based roadbed filler permeability testing device with low test deviation, good test stability and consistency, high test efficiency, automatic cleaning capability, simple structure, low cost, and suitable for industrial production.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: A permeability testing device for red mud-based roadbed filler includes: a permeability testing platform, wherein the permeability testing platform is a three-layer platform consisting of a testing platform base, a middle support plate, and an upper support plate; a control center is provided on the right side of the permeability testing platform; a measuring cup is provided above the testing platform base; two reinforcing motors are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the middle support plate; a combined support frame is bolted to the top of the middle support plate; a flexible testing channel is fixedly installed inside the combined support frame; and a spring is fitted over the flexible testing channel. The elastic constricting tube has constricting flanges folded outwards at both its upper and lower edges. A collecting hopper is inserted into the center of the middle support plate. The opening edge of the collecting hopper is folded outwards to form a first sealing flange that fits tightly against the constricting flanges. A drain pipe is connected to the bottom of the collecting hopper, and the lower end of the drain pipe is connected to a measuring cup. A water-filling sealing push cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the upper support plate of the combined support frame. A constant pressure water-filling cover is fixedly connected to the lower end of the push rod of the water-filling sealing push cylinder. A test water pump is connected to the constant pressure water-filling cover through a flexible pipe. A water pressure sensor is fixedly connected inside the constant pressure water-filling cover.

[0006] Preferably, the combined support frame includes a lower locking ring, an upper locking ring, and a support frame connecting rod, with the upper locking ring fixedly connected to the upper end of the support frame connecting rod and the lower locking ring fixedly connected to the lower end of the support frame connecting rod.

[0007] Preferably, the lower locking ring has a lower locking groove on the inner edge of its lower surface, and the converging flange at the lower end fits tightly into the lower locking groove. The upper locking ring has an upper locking groove on the inner edge of its upper surface, and the converging flange at the upper end fits tightly into the upper locking groove. The lower locking ring is fixedly connected to the middle support plate by bolts.

[0008] Preferably, the flexible test channel is a rubber cylinder, the inner surface of the flexible test channel is a flat cylindrical surface, and the upper and lower edges of the outer surface of the flexible test channel are provided with conical outer conical surfaces.

[0009] Preferably, the elastic constricting tube is a thin-walled cylinder made of spring steel. The upper and lower edges of the elastic constricting tube are bent to form constricting flanges that fit against the outer conical surfaces of the two channels. The upper and lower edges of the elastic constricting tube are provided with constricting grooves that are staggered.

[0010] Preferably, the elastic converging sleeve is fitted with two converging adjustment rings, and a spiral pusher is fixedly connected to the outside of the converging adjustment rings. The two parts of the bidirectional lead screw with opposite screw directions are respectively spirally connected to the spiral pushers of the two converging adjustment rings. The inner ring surface of the converging adjustment ring is a conical converging ring surface, and the converging ring surface is in contact with the outer surface of the converging flange.

[0011] Preferably, a sample pusher cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the test platform base. The pusher rod of the sample pusher cylinder slides through the bottom of the collection hopper through the sealing ring and enters the collection hopper. A sample support platform is fixedly connected to the top of the pusher rod of the sample pusher cylinder, and a sample support plate is provided outside the sample support platform.

[0012] Preferably, an outer slag collecting ring with an annular structure is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the sample tray. The upper edge of the outer slag collecting ring is fitted with the inside of the flexible test channel, and a slag interception filter screen is fixedly connected between the inner wall of the outer slag collecting ring and the sample tray.

[0013] Preferably, the lower edge of the constant pressure water injection cap is folded outward to provide a second sealing fold. When the constant pressure water injection cap moves down to connect with the flexible test channel, the second sealing fold is tightly fitted with the channel limiting locking edge.

[0014] Preferably, the sample pusher cylinder, the reinforcing motor, the test water pressure sensor, the test water pump, and the water injection sealing pusher cylinder are all connected to the control center via electrical connection lines.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the red mud-based roadbed filler permeability testing device of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] (1) When testing the permeability of red mud-based roadbed filler, the red mud-based roadbed filler permeability test device of the present invention uses a sample cutting tool to cut cylindrical samples and controls their thickness so that the sample thickness and inner diameter are consistent for each test, reducing test deviations caused by differences in thickness and shape. The flexible test channel with a smooth inner diameter is used as the test area and is closely attached to the side of the sample to control the path of water permeation through the sample, which is more conducive to controlling the test stability by controlling the cross-sectional area of ​​the permeation path.

[0017] (2) The permeability testing device for red mud-based roadbed filler of the present invention has a quick locking function for the sample block. The reinforced motor drives the bidirectional screw to rotate, and under the helical transmission of the bidirectional screw and the spiral pusher, the two tension adjustment rings move radially on the outer surface of the elastic tension cylinder. Under the action of the inclined plane, the elastic tension cylinder contracts radially, which can force the flexible test channel to tighten inward, thereby quickly and firmly positioning the sample in the center of the channel, ensuring the reliability of the side wall sealing during the test. After the test, the tension adjustment ring is reset and restored to its original shape under the elastic action of the elastic tension cylinder and the flexible test channel itself, releasing the tightening of the sample and facilitating the removal of the sample after the test. It is also equipped with an auxiliary pushing function, which pushes the sample support platform upward through the sample pushing cylinder and pushes it out from the top of the flexible test channel, making the sample removal process faster, thereby effectively improving the testing efficiency of permeability testing and promoting the progress of red mud-based roadbed research and development.

[0018] (3) The red mud-based roadbed filler permeability testing device of the present invention fully considers the cleanliness of the testing process and the reliability of the data. The slag interception filter screen set at the bottom of the sample support can effectively collect and intercept the fine particles that may fall off the sample during the permeation process, preventing them from entering the collection bucket and drainage pipe below with the water flow, avoiding impurities from interfering with the final water volume measurement in the measuring cup, and ensuring the accuracy of the data. At the same time, the outer slag collection ring that rises synchronously with the sample support can automatically scrape off the residues attached to the inner wall of the flexible test channel, realizing automatic cleaning of the core test area, which not only avoids cross-influence caused by channel blockage or pollution, but also reduces manual maintenance, ensuring the stability of the device's long-term operation and the consistency of the test results. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the red mud-based roadbed filler permeability testing device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A structural diagram from a rear view;

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A front view structural diagram;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the red mud-based roadbed filler permeability testing device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the combined support frame in an embodiment of the red mud-based roadbed filler permeability testing device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the combined support frame in the disassembled state in an embodiment of the red mud-based roadbed filler permeability testing device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic converging cylinder, converging adjustment ring, and flexible test channel when separated in an embodiment of the red mud-based roadbed filler permeability testing device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic constriction cylinder in an embodiment of the red mud-based roadbed filler permeability testing device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the sample support structure in an embodiment of the red mud-based roadbed filler permeability testing device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the slag interception filter screen in an embodiment of the red mud-based roadbed filler permeability testing device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 11 yes Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the partial structure at point A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 12 yes Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point B;

[0031] Figure 13 yes Figure 9 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point C;

[0032] Figure 14 This is a system flow diagram of an embodiment of the red mud-based roadbed filler permeability testing device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 15 This is a block diagram of the component connection modules of an embodiment of the red mud-based roadbed filler permeability testing device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure label:

[0035] 1. Permeability test stand; 11. Test stand base; 12. Middle support plate; 13. Upper support plate; 2. Control center; 3. Measuring cup; 4. Reinforced motor; 41. Bidirectional lead screw; 5. Combined support frame; 51. Lower locking ring; 52. Upper locking ring; 53. Support frame connecting rod; 54. Lower locking groove; 55. Upper locking groove; 6. Elastic gathering tube; 61. Gathering flange; 62. Gathering groove; 7. Gathering adjustment ring; 71. Gathering ring surface; 72. Screw 8. Rotary push cylinder; 9. Flexible test channel; 10. Channel outer cone surface; 11. Channel limiting lock edge; 2. Collection hopper; 3. First sealing fold edge; 4. Drainage pipe; 5. Sample push cylinder; 6. Sample support platform; 7. Sample support plate; 8. Outer slag collection ring; 98. Slag interception filter screen; 19. Constant pressure water injection cover; 10. Second sealing fold edge; 10. Water pressure sensor; 11. Test water pump; 12. Water injection sealing push cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-15 :

[0038] This invention provides a permeability testing device for red mud-based roadbed filler, comprising: a permeability testing platform 1, which is a three-layer platform consisting of a testing platform base 11, a middle support plate 12, and an upper support plate 13; a control center 2 is located on the right side of the permeability testing platform 1; a measuring cup 3 is located above the testing platform base 11; two reinforcing motors 4 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the middle support plate 12; a combined support frame 5 is bolted to the top of the middle support plate 12; a flexible testing channel 8 is fixedly installed inside the combined support frame 5; an elastic gathering tube 6 is sleeved on the flexible testing channel 8; the upper and lower edges of the elastic gathering tube 6 are both folded outward to form gathering flanges 61; and a collection hopper 9 is inserted into the center of the middle support plate 12. The opening edge of the collecting hopper 9 is folded outwards to form a first sealing fold 91, which tightly fits the constricted fold 61. A drainage pipe 92 is connected to the bottom of the collecting hopper 9, and the lower end of the drainage pipe 92 is connected to the measuring cup 3. A water-filling sealing push cylinder 104 is fixedly connected to the top of the upper support plate 13 of the combined support frame 5. The lower end of the push rod of the water-filling sealing push cylinder 104 is fixedly connected to a constant pressure water-filling cover 10. The constant pressure water-filling cover 10 is connected to a test water pump 103 via a flexible pipe, and a water pressure sensor 102 is fixedly connected inside the constant pressure water-filling cover 10. A second sealing fold 101 is formed by folding outwards at the lower edge of the constant pressure water-filling cover 10. When the constant pressure water-filling cover 10 moves down to align with the flexible test channel 8, the second sealing fold 101 and the flexible test channel 8 are connected. The channel limiting locking edge 82 is tightly fitted; the sample push cylinder 93, the reinforcing motor 4, the test water pressure sensor 102, the test water pump 103, and the water injection sealing push cylinder 104 are all connected to the control center 2 via electrical connection lines; through the setting of the permeability test platform 1, the various components of the test device are fixed and supported. During the test, the sample to be tested is placed inside the flexible test channel 8 and fixed. The water injection sealing push cylinder 104 is controlled to push the constant pressure water injection cover 10 downward, so that the second sealing fold edge 101 is tightly fitted with the channel limiting locking edge 82 to form a sealed connection. Then, the test water pump 103 is started to inject water into the constant pressure water injection cover 10, and the water pressure sensor 102 detects the flexible test channel. The internal water pressure of the flexible test channel 8 is controlled to maintain the set value. If the water pressure sensor 102 detects that the water pressure is higher than the set value, the control center 2 controls the test water pump 103 to reduce the pressure, thereby reducing the internal water pressure of the flexible test channel 8 to the set value. Conversely, the output water pressure of the test water pump 103 is increased to increase the internal water pressure of the flexible test channel 8 to the required test pressure, thus maintaining a constant test water pressure and avoiding test deviation caused by water pressure fluctuation. After the water permeates the sample, it drips into the collection hopper 9 and is discharged into the measuring cup 3 through the drainage pipe 92 for measurement. Under the set water pressure and within the specified time, the amount of water in the measuring cup 3 is observed to measure the permeability of the sample.

[0039] The combined support frame 5 includes a lower locking ring 51, an upper locking ring 52, and a support frame connecting rod 53. The upper end of the support frame connecting rod 53 is fixedly connected to the upper locking ring 52 by screws, and the lower end of the support frame connecting rod 53 is fixedly connected to the lower locking ring 51 by screws. The lower locking ring 51, the upper locking ring 52, and the support frame connecting rod 53 are assembled by screws to facilitate the assembly of the equipment. The bidirectional lead screw 41 passes through the lower locking ring 51 and the upper locking ring 52 and is rotatably connected to the lower locking ring 51 and the upper locking ring 52. The bidirectional lead screw 41 is kept vertically set by the lower locking ring 51 and the upper locking ring 52.

[0040] The flexible testing channel 8 is stably supported by a lower locking ring 51 with a lower locking groove 54 on the inner edge of its lower surface. The converging flange 61 at the lower end fits tightly into the lower locking groove 54. The upper locking ring 52 has an upper locking groove 55 on the inner edge of its upper surface. The converging flange 61 at the upper end fits tightly into the upper locking groove 55. The lower locking ring 51 is fixedly connected to the middle support plate 12 by bolts. The flexible testing channel 8 is a rubber cylinder with a flat cylindrical inner surface. The upper and lower edges of the outer surface of the flexible testing channel 8 are provided with conical outer conical surfaces 8. 1. The elastic constricting cylinder 6 is a thin-walled cylinder made of spring steel. The upper and lower edges of the elastic constricting cylinder 6 are bent to form constricting flanges 61 that fit against the outer conical surfaces 81 of the two channels. Both the upper and lower edges of the elastic constricting cylinder 6 are provided with constricting grooves 62 that are distributed in an alternating pattern. Two constricting adjustment rings 7 are fitted around the elastic constricting cylinder 6. A spiral pusher 72 is fixedly connected to the outside of the constricting adjustment rings 7. The two parts of the bidirectional screw 41 with opposite threads are respectively spirally connected to the spiral pushers 72 of the two constricting adjustment rings 7. The inner ring surface of the constricting adjustment ring 7 is a conical structure. The bundle ring surface 71 is in contact with the outer surface of the bundle-gathering flange 61. During sample placement, the two reinforced motors 4 are controlled to rotate synchronously by the control center 2. The reinforced motors 4 drive the bidirectional lead screw 41 to rotate, and under the helical transmission of the bidirectional lead screw 41 and the spiral push cylinder 72, the two bundle-gathering adjustment rings 7 move radially on the outer surface of the elastic bundle-gathering cylinder 6 and move along the bundle-gathering flange 61 toward the center of the elastic bundle-gathering cylinder 6. Under the action of the inclined plane, the bundle-gathering adjustment rings 7 tighten the bundle-gathering flange 61. Due to the setting of the bundle-gathering groove 62, the elastic bundle-gathering cylinder 6 deforms and radially gathers. The contraction forces the flexible test channel 8 to tighten inward, thereby quickly and firmly positioning the sample in the center of the channel, ensuring the reliability of the side wall seal during the test. After the test is completed, as the reinforcing motor 4 starts in reverse, under the helical drive of the bidirectional lead screw 41 and the helical push cylinder 72, the two tension adjustment rings 7 move away from the center of the elastic tension cylinder 6, ending the tensioning of the elastic tension cylinder 6. Under the elastic action of the elastic tension cylinder 6 and the flexible test channel 8 itself, the original shape is restored, so that the flexible test channel 8 returns to its original inner diameter, releasing the lock on the sample.

[0041] The test platform base 11 is fixedly connected to a sample pusher cylinder 93. The pusher rod of the sample pusher cylinder 93 slides through the bottom of the collection hopper 9 and enters the collection hopper 9 via a sealing ring. The top of the pusher rod of the sample pusher cylinder 93 is fixedly connected to a sample support platform 94. A sample support plate 95 is provided outside the sample support platform 94. The sample pusher cylinder 93 pushes the sample support platform 94 upward and pushes it out from the top of the flexible test channel 8, making the sample removal process faster.

[0042] Example 2:

[0043] Based on Example 1, an annular outer slag-collecting ring 96 is fixedly sleeved around the sample tray 95. The upper edge of the outer slag-collecting ring 96 fits into the interior of the flexible test channel 8, and a slag interception filter 97 is fixedly connected between the inner wall of the outer slag-collecting ring 96 and the sample tray 95. The slag interception filter 97 at the bottom of the sample platform 94 can effectively collect and intercept fine particles that may fall off the sample during the permeation process, preventing them from entering the collection hopper 9 and drainage pipe 92 below with the water flow. This avoids impurities interfering with the measurement of the water volume that finally seeps into the measuring cup 3, ensuring the accuracy of the data. At the same time, the outer slag-collecting ring 96, which rises synchronously with the sample platform 94, can automatically scrape off the residue attached to the inner wall of the flexible test channel 8, realizing automatic cleaning of the core test area. This avoids cross-influence caused by channel blockage or contamination and also reduces manual maintenance.

[0044] The working process and usage of the red mud-based roadbed filler permeability testing device of the present invention are as follows: First, a cylindrical sample with equal diameter and thickness is prepared using a standard cutting tool. This sample is then placed through the top opening of the flexible testing channel 8, allowing it to fall onto the sample support platform 94. The control center 2 instructs the reinforcing motor 4 to drive the bidirectional lead screw 41 to rotate, causing the two convergence adjustment rings 7 to move towards each other along the elastic convergence cylinder 6. The conical convergence ring surface 71 inside the convergence adjustment ring 7 presses against the convergence flanges 61 of the upper and lower edges of the elastic convergence cylinder 6. Due to the presence of the convergence groove 62, the elastic... The constriction tube 6 undergoes radial elastic contraction, thereby tightening the internal flexible test channel 8, causing its inner wall to tightly wrap around the side of the sample, forming a reliable radial seal, and precisely positioning the sample at the center of the channel, thus defining the standard cross-sectional area of ​​the permeation path. Subsequently, the water injection sealing push cylinder 104 pushes the constant pressure water injection cover 10 downward, and its second sealing fold 101 presses against the channel limiting locking edge 82 at the top of the flexible test channel 8, forming a top seal. The test water pump 103 injects water into the constant pressure water injection cover 10, and the integrated water pressure sensor 102 monitors the pressure in real time and feeds the signal back to the control. Control center 2, by dynamically adjusting the output of test water pump 103, precisely maintains the water pressure in flexible test channel 8 at a set value, achieving constant pressure permeation conditions. Water permeates vertically through the sample under constant pressure, and its permeation path is regularly constrained by the smooth inner wall of flexible test channel 8. The permeated water droplets fall into collection hopper 9 and are introduced into measuring cup 3 through drainage pipe 92. By measuring the amount of water collected within a set time, the permeability coefficient of the sample can be accurately calculated. After the test, control center 2 commands reinforcement motor 4 to reverse, causing the convergence mechanism to loosen and water injection sealing cylinder 104 to retract. Lifting the constant pressure water injection cap 10 opens the top of the flexible test channel 8. The sample pusher cylinder 93 lifts the sample support platform 94 to push the sample out. During this process, the outer slag collection ring 96 around the sample support platform 94 scrapes away the residues attached to the inner wall of the flexible test channel 8, while the slag interception filter 97 intercepts the particles falling from the sample, preventing them from entering the drainage and metering system, thus achieving automatic cleaning and ensuring the accuracy of subsequent tests. The entire process is coordinated by the control center 2, realizing the sample clamping, constant pressure permeation, and sample removal process, improving the accuracy and efficiency of permeability testing of red mud-based roadbed samples.

Claims

1. A permeability testing device for red mud-based roadbed filler, characterized in that, include: A permeability testing platform (1) is a three-layer platform consisting of a testing platform base (11), a middle support plate (12), and an upper support plate (13). A control center (2) is located on the right side of the permeability testing platform (1). A measuring cup (3) is located above the testing platform base (11). Two reinforcing motors (4) are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the middle support plate (12). A combined support frame (5) is bolted to the top of the middle support plate (12). A flexible testing channel (8) is fixedly installed inside the combined support frame (5). An elastic constriction tube is fitted over the flexible testing channel (8). 6) The upper and lower edges of the elastic converging tube (6) are both folded outwards to form converging flanges (61). A collection hopper (9) is inserted into the center of the middle support plate (12). The opening edge of the collection hopper (9) is folded outwards to form a first sealing flange (91). The first sealing flange (91) fits tightly against the converging flange (61). A drainage pipe (92) is connected to the bottom of the collection hopper (9). The lower end of the drainage pipe (92) is connected to a measuring cup (3). A water-filling sealing push cylinder (104) is fixedly connected to the top of the upper support plate (13) of the combined support frame (5). The lower end of the push rod of the water-filling sealing push cylinder (104) is fixedly connected to a constant pressure. The constant pressure water filling cap (10) is connected to the test water pump (103) through a flexible pipe. A water pressure sensor (102) is fixedly connected inside the constant pressure water filling cap (10). The reinforced motor (4) drives the bidirectional lead screw (41) to rotate. The flexible test channel (8) is a rubber cylinder. The inner surface of the flexible test channel (8) is a flat cylindrical surface. The upper and lower edges of the outer surface of the flexible test channel (8) are provided with conical channel outer cone surfaces (81). The elastic constricting cylinder (6) is a thin-walled cylinder made of spring steel. The upper and lower edges of the elastic constricting cylinder (6) are bent. There is a gathering flange (61) that fits against the outer conical surface (81) of the two channels. The upper and lower edges of the elastic gathering cylinder (6) are provided with gathering grooves (62) that are distributed in an alternating manner. The elastic gathering cylinder (6) is fitted with two gathering adjustment rings (7). The gathering adjustment rings (7) are fixedly connected to the outside of the spiral push cylinder (72). The two parts of the two-way screw (41) with opposite screw directions are respectively spirally connected to the spiral push cylinders (72) of the two gathering adjustment rings (7). The inner ring surface of the gathering adjustment ring (7) is a gathering ring surface (71) with a conical structure. The gathering ring surface (71) fits against the outer surface of the gathering flange (61).

2. The permeability testing device for red mud-based roadbed filler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combined support frame (5) includes a lower locking ring (51), an upper locking ring (52) and a support frame connecting rod (53). The upper end of the support frame connecting rod (53) is fixedly connected to the upper locking ring (52), and the lower end of the support frame connecting rod (53) is fixedly connected to the lower locking ring (51).

3. The permeability testing device for red mud-based roadbed filler according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lower locking ring (51) has a lower locking groove (54) on the inner edge of its lower surface. The converging flange (61) at the lower end fits tightly into the lower locking groove (54). The upper locking ring (52) has an upper locking groove (55) on the inner edge of its upper surface. The converging flange (61) at the upper end fits tightly into the upper locking groove (55). The lower locking ring (51) is fixedly connected to the middle support plate (12) by bolts.

4. The permeability testing device for red mud-based roadbed filler according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The test bench base (11) is fixedly connected to a sample pusher (93). The pusher rod of the sample pusher (93) slides through the bottom of the collection hopper (9) and enters the collection hopper (9) through the sealing ring. The top of the pusher rod of the sample pusher (93) is fixedly connected to a sample support platform (94). A sample support plate (95) is provided outside the sample support platform (94).

5. The permeability testing device for red mud-based roadbed filler according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sample tray (95) is fixedly sleeved with an outer slag collection ring (96) with an annular structure. The upper edge of the outer slag collection ring (96) fits into the interior of the flexible test channel (8). A slag interception filter (97) is fixedly connected between the inner wall of the outer slag collection ring (96) and the sample tray (95).

6. The permeability testing device for red mud-based roadbed filler according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The lower edge of the constant pressure water injection cap (10) is folded outward to provide a second sealing fold (101). When the constant pressure water injection cap (10) moves down to connect with the flexible test channel (8), the second sealing fold (101) and the channel limiting locking edge (82) fit tightly together.

7. The permeability testing device for red mud-based roadbed filler according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sample push cylinder (93), the reinforced motor (4), the test water pressure sensor (102), the test water pump (103), and the water injection sealing push cylinder (104) are all connected to the control center (2) via electrical connection lines.

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