Method and apparatus for performing wireless communication

Abstract

A method in which a first device performs wireless communication and an apparatus supporting the same are presented. For example, a first device may acquire information related to RS resources. For example, a first device may perform transmission of a first RS based on a first RS resource within a time slot. For example, (i) a first RS resource within a time slot may be mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols from among resources excluding resources on which a second RS related to channel measurement is transmitted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to wireless communication systems. Background Technology

[0002] 5G NR is the successor to LTE and a new type of mobile communication system with features such as high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, including low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, mid-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high-frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0003] 6G (wireless communication) systems aim to achieve goals such as (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) reduced power consumption of battery-less IoT devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) networked intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision for 6G systems can include four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and 6G systems can meet the requirements shown in Table 1 below. In other words, Table 1 shows the requirements for 6G systems.

[0004] [Table 1] Summary of the Invention

[0005] Technical solution

[0006] In an embodiment, a method for a first device to perform wireless communication is provided. For example, the first device may obtain information related to RS resources. For example, the first device may perform the transmission of a first RS based on a first RS resource within a time slot. For example, among resources excluding those on which a second RS related to channel measurements is transmitted, the first RS resource within a time slot may be mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols.

[0007] In an embodiment, a first device adapted to perform wireless communication is provided. The first device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, based on execution by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform an operation. For example, the operation may include: obtaining information related to reference signal (RS) resources; and performing a transmission of a first RS based on a first RS resource within a time slot, wherein, in (i) resources excluding those on which a second RS related to channel measurements is transmitted, the first RS resource within the time slot may be mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols.

[0008] In an embodiment, a processing means adapted to control a first device is provided. The processing means may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, based on execution by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform an operation. For example, the operation may include: obtaining information related to reference signal (RS) resources; and performing the transmission of a first RS based on first RS resources within a time slot, wherein, in (i) resources excluding those on which a second RS related to channel measurements is transmitted, the first RS resources within the time slot may be mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols.

[0009] In an embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided to store instructions. When executed, these instructions can cause a first device to perform an operation. For example, the operation may include: obtaining information related to a reference signal (RS) resource; and performing a transmission of a first RS based on a first RS resource within a time slot, wherein, among resources excluding those on which a second RS related to channel measurements is transmitted, the first RS resource within the time slot can be mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 The present disclosure illustrates a communication architecture that may be provided in a 6G system based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0011] Figure 2 The electromagnetic spectrum is shown based on an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0012] Figure 3 Examples of typical NTN scenarios based on transparent payloads, based on embodiments of this disclosure, are shown.

[0013] Figure 4 Examples of typical NTN scenarios based on regenerable payloads, based on embodiments of this disclosure, are shown.

[0014] Figure 5 An example of sensing operation based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0015] Figure 6 The structure of a time slot for a frame based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0016] Figure 7 An example of a BWP based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0017] Figure 8 This illustrates a process by which a UE performs V2X or SL communication based on a resource allocation mode, according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0018] Figure 9Three broadcast types based on embodiments of this disclosure are shown.

[0019] Figure 10 A synchronization source or synchronization reference for V2X based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0020] Figure 11 Examples of the architecture of a 5G system based on embodiments of the present disclosure are shown, capable of locating UEs authorized to access a next-generation radio access network (NG-RAN) or an E-UTRAN.

[0021] Figure 12 An example of a network for measuring the location of a UE is shown, based on an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0022] Figure 13 Examples of protocol layers used to support LTE Location Protocol (LPP) message transmission between the LMF and UE, based on embodiments of this disclosure, are shown.

[0023] Figure 14 An example of a protocol layer based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown for use in supporting NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) PDU transmission between LMF and NG-RAN nodes.

[0024] Figure 15 An OTDOA location method based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0025] Figure 16 The two-sided round-trip time (RTT) is shown based on an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0026] Figure 17 This illustrates a problem with a method for performing wireless communication based on embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 18 A method for performing wireless communication for a first device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0028] Figure 19 A method for a second device to perform wireless communication based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0029] Figure 20 A communication system 1 based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0030] Figure 21 A wireless device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0031] Figure 22 A signal processing circuit for transmitting signals is shown based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 23 Another example of a wireless device based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0033] Figure 24 A handheld device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0034] Figure 25 Vehicles or autonomous vehicles based on embodiments of this disclosure are shown. Detailed Implementation

[0035] In this disclosure, "A or B" may mean "A only", "B only", or "both A and B". In other words, in this disclosure, "A or B" can be interpreted as "A and / or B". For example, in this disclosure, "A, B or C" may mean "A only", "B only", "C only", or "any combination of A, B and C".

[0036] The forward slash ( / ) or comma used in this disclosure can mean "and / or". For example, "A / B" can mean "A and / or B". Therefore, "A / B" can mean "A only", "B only", or "both A and B". For example, "A, B, C" can mean "A, B, or C".

[0037] In this disclosure, "at least one of A and B" may mean "only A", "only B" or "both A and B". Furthermore, in this disclosure, the expression "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" may be interpreted as "at least one of A and B".

[0038] Additionally, in this disclosure, "at least one of A, B, and C" may mean "A only", "B only", "C only" or "any combination of A, B, and C". Furthermore, "at least one of A, B, or C" or "at least one of A, B, and / or C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C".

[0039] Additionally, the brackets used in this disclosure may mean "for example". Specifically, when indicated as "Control Message (PDCCH)", this may mean that "PDCCH" is cited as an example of "Control Message". In other words, "Control Message" in this disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH", and "PDDCH" may be cited as an example of "Control Message". Specifically, when indicated as "Control Message (i.e., PDCCH)", this may also mean that "PDCCH" is cited as an example of "Control Message".

[0040] In the following description, "when, if, or in the case of" can be replaced with "based on".

[0041] The technical features described in one of the accompanying drawings of this disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0042] In this disclosure, higher-layer parameters can be parameters configured, pre-configured, or predefined for the UE. For example, a base station or network can send higher-layer parameters to the UE. For example, higher-layer parameters can be sent via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling or Media Access Control (MAC) signaling.

[0043] In this disclosure, "configured / configured or defined / defined" can be interpreted as being configured or pre-configured for the device via predefined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC) from a base station or network. In this disclosure, "configured / configured or defined / defined" can be interpreted as being pre-configured for the device.

[0044] The technologies described below can be used in various wireless communication systems such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA). CDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA-2000. TDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) / General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) / Enhanced Data Rate GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), and 5G NR.

[0045] The technologies proposed in this disclosure can be implemented as 6G wireless technologies and can be applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems can have key features such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0046] Figure 1 The present disclosure illustrates a communication architecture that may be provided in a 6G system based on an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 The embodiments described herein can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0047] In 6G, new network features may include the following.

[0048] - Satellite Integrated Network

[0049] - Connected Intelligence: Unlike previous generations of wireless communication systems, 6G is innovative, and the evolution of wireless may evolve from "connected things" to "connected intelligence." AI can be applied at every step of the communication process (or in each signal processing step described below).

[0050] - Seamless integration of wireless information and power transfer.

[0051] - Ubiquitous Hyper-3D Connectivity: Access to networks and core network functions for drones and low Earth orbit satellites will establish hyper-3D connectivity in 6G ubiquitous.

[0052] Among the new network features of 6G, several general requirements are as follows.

[0053] - Small community network

[0054] - Ultra-dense heterogeneous networks

[0055] - High-capacity return

[0056] - Radar technology integrated with mobile technology: High-precision positioning (or location-based services) via communication is one of the functions of 6G wireless communication systems. Therefore, radar systems will be integrated with 6G networks.

[0057] - Software-based and virtualized.

[0058] The core implementation technologies of 6G systems are described below.

[0059] - Artificial Intelligence (AI): When AI is introduced into communication, real-time data transmission can be simplified and improved. AI can use numerous analyses to determine methods for performing complex target tasks. In other words, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing latency. Time-consuming operations such as switching, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly by AI. AI can also play an important role in M2M, machine-to-human, and human-to-machine interactions. Additionally, AI may enable instant communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, smart structures, smart networks, smart devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-maintaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0060] - Terahertz (THz) Communication: Data rates can be increased by increasing bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-TH communication with wide bandwidth and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves are referred to as submillimeter radiation, typically indicating a frequency band between 0.1THz and 10THz with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03mm to 3mm. The 100GHz to 300GHz band (sub-THz band) is considered the main part of the THz band used for cellular communication. 6G cellular communication capacity increases when the sub-THz band is added to the millimeter-wave band. The defined THz band of 300GHz to 3THz is in the far-infrared (IR) band. The 300GHz to 3THz band is part of the optical band, but it lies at the boundary of the optical band and immediately follows the RF band. Therefore, the 300GHz to 3THz band is similar to RF. Figure 2 The electromagnetic spectrum is shown based on an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 2 The embodiments described herein can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure. Key features of THz communication include (i) a wide bandwidth capable of supporting very high data rates; and (ii) high path loss at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are essential). The narrow beamwidth generated in highly directional antennas reduces interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows for the integration of a greater number of antenna elements with devices and base stations operating in this band. Therefore, advanced adaptive placement techniques capable of overcoming range limitations can be used.

[0061] - Massive MIMO technology (MMIMO)

[0062] - Holographic Beamforming (HBF)

[0063] - Optical wireless technology

[0064] - Free Space Light (FSO) Backhaul Network

[0065] - Quantum communication

[0066] - Cellular communication

[0067] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0068] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0069] - Integrated access and backhaul networks

[0070] Big Data Analytics

[0071] -Reconfigurable smart surfaces

[0072] - Metaverse

[0073] - Blockchain

[0074] - Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs): UAVs, or drones, will become a crucial element of 6G wireless communication. In most cases, UAV technology can provide high-speed wireless data connectivity. Base station (BS) entities are installed within UAVs to provide cellular connectivity. UAVs can possess certain capabilities not found in fixed BS infrastructure, such as ease of deployment, robust line-of-sight links, and freedom of mobility control. During emergencies such as natural disasters, deploying terrestrial telecommunications infrastructure is economically infeasible and sometimes unable to provide service in volatile environments. UAVs can easily handle such situations. UAVs will become a new paradigm in wireless communication. This technology promotes the three fundamental requirements of wireless networks, such as eMBB, URLLC, and mMTC. UAVs can also be used for a variety of purposes, such as improving network connectivity, fire detection, disaster emergency services, security and monitoring, pollution monitoring, parking monitoring, and accident monitoring. Therefore, UAV technology is widely recognized as one of the most important technologies for 6G communication.

[0075] - Advanced Air Mobility (AAM): AAM is a higher-level concept than Urban Air Mobility (UAM). UAM refers to air transport that can be used in urban areas and can also refer to transport vehicles that include movement between urban areas and regional hubs.

[0076] - Autonomous Driving (Autonomous Driving): Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) is a core element for establishing autonomous driving infrastructure. It can be a technology that allows vehicles to communicate and share with various elements in the road for autonomous driving, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I). To maximize the performance of autonomous driving and ensure high safety, high transmission speeds and low latency technologies are essential. Furthermore, in the future, autonomous driving may need to go beyond simply delivering warnings or guidance messages to the driver and actively intervene in vehicle operation and directly control the vehicle in dangerous situations. Therefore, given the potentially enormous amount of information that needs to be sent and received, autonomous driving is expected to be maximized in 6G, which offers higher transmission speeds and lower latency than 5G.

[0077] - Non-terrestrial network (NTN): NTN can refer to a network or network segment that utilizes radio frequency (RF) resources on a satellite (or unmanned aerial system (UAS) platform). Figure 3 An example of a typical NTN scenario based on a transparent payload, based on embodiments of this disclosure, is shown. Figure 4 An example of a typical NTN scenario based on regenerable payload, based on embodiments of this disclosure, is shown. Figure 3 or Figure 4 The embodiments described herein can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure. See also... Figure 3The satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with the UE. The satellite (or UAS platform) can connect to the gateway via a feeder link. The satellite can connect to the data network via the gateway. The beam coverage area refers to the area where the signal transmitted by the satellite can be received. (See reference...) Figure 4 A satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with the UE. A satellite (or UAS platform) connected to the UE can connect to another satellite (or another UAS platform) via an inter-satellite link (ISL). Another satellite (or another UAS platform) can connect to the gateway via a feeder link. Based on regenerated payloads, a satellite can connect to the data network via a gateway and another satellite. If no ISL exists between satellites, a feeder link between the satellite and the gateway may be required. Figure 3 and Figure 4 This is merely an example of an NTN scenario, and NTN can be implemented based on various types of scenarios. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) can implement a transparent or regenerated (with on-board processing) payload. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) can generate multiple beams over a designated service area based on the satellite's (or UAS platform's) field of view. For example, the satellite's (or UAS platform's) field of view can vary depending on the on-board antenna pattern and minimum elevation angle. For example, a transparent payload can include RF filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification. Therefore, the waveform signal repeated by the payload can remain unchanged. For example, a regenerated payload can include RF filtering, frequency conversion and amplification, demodulation / decryption, switching and / or routing, and encoding / modulation. For example, a regenerated payload can be substantially equivalent to equipping a satellite (or UAS platform) with all or part of the base station functionality.

[0078] - Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC): Wireless sensing is a technology enabler that acquires information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within that environment, using radio frequency (RF) to determine the distance (range), angle, or instantaneous linear velocity of an object. RF sensing capabilities can provide device-free object localization services because the object does not need to be connected via a device in the network. The ability to obtain range, velocity, and angle information from RF signals can provide a wide range of new functionalities, such as various object detection, object recognition (e.g., vehicles, people, animals, drones), and high-precision localization, tracking, and activity recognition. For example, wireless sensing services can provide input to various vertical sectors (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicles, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.) to enable applications such as intruder detection, assisted vehicle handling and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, health and activity monitoring, etc. In some cases, wireless sensing can also use non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to further support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of a wireless sensing service (i.e., sensing operation) can rely on the processing of the transmission, reflection, and scattering of wireless sensing signals. Therefore, wireless sensing may have the opportunity to enhance traditional systems from communication networks to wireless and sensing networks. Figure 5 An example of sensing operation based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 5 The embodiments described herein can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure. Specifically, Figure 5 (a) shows an example of sensing (e.g., single-site sensing) with a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located in the same place, and Figure 5 (b) shows an example of sensing with separate sensing receivers and sensing transmitters (e.g., dual-station sensing).

[0079] The radio interface protocol layer between the UE and the network can be classified into Layer 1 (L1), Layer 2 (L2), and Layer 3 (L3) based on the well-known Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model in communication systems. The Physical (PHY) layer, belonging to Layer 1, provides information transmission services using physical channels, while the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, located in Layer 3, controls the radio resources between the UE and the network. For this purpose, the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages between the UE and the BS layer.

[0080] The physical layer provides information transmission services to the upper layers through physical channels. The physical layer connects to the Media Access Control (MAC) layer, which is the upper layer, through transport channels. Data is transmitted between the MAC layer and the physical layer via transport channels. Transport channels are classified according to how data is transmitted through the radio interface and what characteristics of the data are transmitted.

[0081] Data is transmitted between different physical layers (i.e., the PHY layer of the transmitter and the PHY layer of the receiver) via a physical channel. The physical channel can be modulated using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme, and the physical channel uses time and frequency as radio resources.

[0082] The MAC layer provides services to the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, which is higher than the MAC layer, via logical channels. The MAC layer provides the ability to map multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels. The MAC layer also provides logical channel multiplexing by mapping multiple logical channels to a single transport channel. The MAC layer provides data transmission services through logical channels.

[0083] The RLC layer performs concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of Radio Link Control Service Data Units (RLC SDUs). To ensure the different Quality of Service (QoS) required by the Radio Bearer (RB), the RLC layer provides three types of operating modes: Transparent Mode (TM), Non-Acknowledgment Mode (UM), and Acknowledgment Mode (AM). AM RLC provides error correction through Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ).

[0084] The Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer is defined only in the control plane. The RRC layer is used to control the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of logical, transport, and physical channels associated with RBs. RBs are logical paths for data transmission between the UE and the network, provided by Layer 1 (i.e., the Physical Layer or PHY Layer) and Layer 2 (i.e., the MAC Layer, RLC Layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) Layer, and Serving Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) Layer).

[0085] The Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) in the user plane includes functions such as user data transmission, header compression, and encryption. The Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) in the control plane includes functions such as control plane data transmission and encryption / integrity protection.

[0086] The Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer is defined only in the user plane. The SDAP layer performs the mapping between Quality of Service (QoS) streams and Data Radio Bearers (DRBs), as well as the QoS Stream ID (QFI) tagging in both DL and UL packets.

[0087] The configuration of an Radio Bearer (RB) refers to the processing used to specify the radio protocol layer and channel attributes to provide specific services, as well as to determine the corresponding detailed parameters and operating methods. RBs can then be classified into two types: Signaling Radio Bearers (SRBs) and Data Radio Bearers (DRBs). SRBs are used as paths for transmitting RRC messages in the control plane, while DRBs are used as paths for transmitting user data in the user plane.

[0088] When an RRC connection is established between the UE's RRC layer and the E-UTRAN's RRC layer, the UE is in the RRC connected (RRC_CONNECTED) state; otherwise, the UE can be in the RRC idle (RRC_IDLE) state. In the NR case, an additional RRC inactive (RRC_INACTIVE) state is defined, and a UE in the RRC_INACTIVE state can maintain its connection with the core network while releasing its connection with the BS.

[0089] Data is transmitted from the network to the UE via downlink transport channels. Examples of downlink transport channels include the Broadcast Channel (BCH) for transmitting system information and the Shared Downlink Channel (SCH) for transmitting other user traffic or control messages. Traffic or control messages for downlink multicast or broadcast services can be transmitted via the downlink SCH or via a separate downlink multicast channel (MCH). Furthermore, uplink transport channels for transmitting (or transmitting) data from the UE to the network include the Random Access Channel (RACH) for transmitting initial control messages and the Shared Uplink Channel (SCH) for transmitting other user traffic or control messages.

[0090] Examples of logical channels that belong to a higher layer than the transport channel and are mapped to the transport channel may include the Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), Paging Control Channel (PCCH), Common Control Channel (CCCH), Multicast Control Channel (MCCH), Multicast Service Channel (MTCH), etc.

[0091] Radio frames can be used to perform uplink and downlink transmissions. A radio frame is 10 ms long and can be defined as consisting of two half-frames (HF). A half-frame can include five 1 ms subframes (SF). A subframe (SF) can be divided into one or more time slots, and the number of time slots within a subframe can be determined according to the subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each time slot can include 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols depending on the cyclic prefix (CP).

[0092] With normal CP, each time slot can include 14 symbols. With extended CP, each time slot can include 12 symbols. In this paper, symbols can include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols) and single-carrier-FDMA (SC-FDMA) symbols (or Discrete Fourier Transform Extended OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols).

[0093] Table 2 below shows the number of symbols (N) per slot based on the SCS configuration (μ) when using normal CP or extended CP. slot symb ), Number of time slots per frame (N) frame,μslot ) and the number of time slots per subframe (N) subframe ,μ slot ).

[0094] [Table 2]

[0095] Figure 6 The structure of a time slot for an NR frame according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 6 The embodiments described herein can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0096] Reference Figure 6 A time slot comprises multiple symbols in the time domain. A carrier comprises multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. A resource block (RB) can be defined as multiple consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain (e.g., 12 subcarriers). A bandwidth portion (BWP) can be defined as multiple consecutive (physical) resource blocks ((P)RBs) in the frequency domain, and a BWP can correspond to a set of parameters (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier can include up to N BWPs (e.g., 5 BWPs). Data communication can be performed via active BWPs. Each element can be referred to as a resource element (RE) in the resource grid, and a complex number of symbols can be mapped to each element.

[0097] A bandwidth portion (BWP) can be a contiguous set of physical resource blocks (PRBs) within a given set of parameters. PRBs can be selected from a contiguous set of common resource blocks (CRBs) for a given set of parameters on a given carrier.

[0098] Figure 7 An example of a BWP according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 7 The embodiments can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure. It is assumed that in... Figure 7 In this embodiment, the number of BWPs is 3.

[0099] Reference Figure 7 A Common Resource Block (CRB) can be a carrier resource block numbered from one end of a carrier frequency band to the other. Alternatively, a Producer Resource Block (PRB) can be a resource block numbered within each BWP. Point A can indicate a common reference point for the resource block grid.

[0100] It can be determined by point A and the offset (N) relative to point A. start BWP ) and bandwidth (N size BWPThe BWP can be configured using a parameter set. For example, point A can be an external reference point of the PRB of a carrier, with subcarrier 0 of all parameter sets (e.g., all parameter sets supported by the network on the corresponding carrier) aligned at point A. For example, the offset can be the PRB distance between the lowest subcarrier in a given parameter set and point A. For example, the bandwidth can be the number of PRBs in a given parameter set.

[0101] Sidelink synchronization signals (SLSS) can include a primary sidelink synchronization signal (PSSS) and a secondary sidelink synchronization signal (SSSS) as sidelink (SL) specific sequences. The PSSS can be referred to as the primary sidelink synchronization signal (S-PSS), and the SSSS can be referred to as the secondary sidelink synchronization signal (S-SSS). For example, a 127-character M-sequence can be used for the S-PSS, and a 127-character Gold sequence can be used for the S-SSS. For example, a UE can use the S-PSS for initial signal detection and synchronization acquisition. For example, a UE can use both the S-PSS and S-SSS for detailed synchronization acquisition and for detecting the synchronization signal ID.

[0102] The Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel (PSBCH) can be a (broadcast) channel used to transmit default (system) information that the UE must know before SL signal transmission / reception. For example, the default information could be related to SLSS, duplex mode (DM), Time Division Duplex (TDD) uplink / downlink (UL / DL) configuration, resource pool information, and application types related to SLSS, subframe offset, and broadcast information. For instance, to evaluate PSBCH performance in NR V2X, the PSBCH payload size can be 56 bits, including 24 bits of Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC).

[0103] S-PSS, S-SSS, and PSBCH can be included in a block format that supports periodic transmission (e.g., SL synchronization signal (SS) / PSBCH block, hereinafter, sidelink synchronization signal block (S-SSB)). The S-SSB can have the same parameter set (i.e., SCS and CP lengths) as the Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH) / Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH) in the carrier, and the transmission bandwidth can exist within a (pre-)configured sidelink (SL) BWP. For example, the S-SSB can have a bandwidth of 11 resource blocks (SBs). For example, the PSBCH can exist across 11 RBs. Additionally, the frequency location of the S-SSB can be (pre-)configured. Therefore, the UE does not need to perform hypothesis detection at the frequency to discover the S-SSB in the carrier.

[0104] In this disclosure, PSCCH can be replaced by control channel, physical control channel, side-link related control channel, side-link related physical control channel, etc. In this disclosure, PSSCH can be replaced by shared channel, physical shared channel, side-link related shared channel, side-link related physical shared channel, etc.

[0105] Figure 8 This illustrates a process by which a UE performs V2X or SL communication based on a resource allocation mode, according to an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 8 The embodiments described herein can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0106] Reference Figure 8 In (a) of resource allocation mode 1, the base station can schedule SL resources that will be used by the UE for SL transmission. For example, in step S800, the base station can send information related to SL resources and / or information related to UL resources to the first UE. For example, UL resources may include PUCCH resources and / or PUSCH resources. For example, UL resources may be resources used to report SL HARQ feedback to the base station.

[0107] For example, the first UE can receive information related to Dynamic Grant (DG) resources and / or Configuration Grant (CG) resources from the base station. For example, CG resources may include CG Type 1 resources or CG Type 2 resources. In this disclosure, DG resources can be resources configured / allocated to the first UE by the base station via Downlink Control Information (DCI). In this disclosure, CG resources can be (periodic) resources configured / allocated to the first UE by the base station via DCI and / or RRC messages. For example, in the case of CG Type 1 resources, the base station can send an RRC message including information related to the CG resources to the first UE. For example, in the case of CG Type 2 resources, the base station can send an RRC message including information related to the CG resources to the first UE, and the base station can send a DCI related to the activation or release of the CG resources to the first UE.

[0108] In step S810, the first UE can send the PSCCH (e.g., Side Link Control Information (SCI) or Level 1 SCI) to the second UE based on resource scheduling. In step S820, the first UE can send the PSSCH (e.g., Level 2 SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) associated with the PSCCH to the second UE. In step S830, the first UE can receive the PSFCH associated with the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second UE. For example, it can receive HARQ feedback information (e.g., NACK or ACK information) from the second UE via the PSFCH. In step S840, the first UE can send / report the HARQ feedback information to the base station via PUCCH or PUSCH. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station can be information generated by the first UE based on the HARQ feedback information received from the second UE. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station can be information generated by the first UE based on pre-configured rules. For example, the DCI can be a DCI used for SL scheduling.

[0109] Reference Figure 8 In (b) of the resource allocation mode 2, the UE can determine the SL transmission resources within the SL resources configured by the base station / network or the pre-configured SL resources. For example, the configured SL resources or the pre-configured SL resources can be a resource pool. For example, the UE can autonomously select or schedule resources for SL transmission. For example, the UE can perform SL communication by autonomously selecting resources within the configured resource pool. For example, the UE can autonomously select resources within a selection window by performing a sensing process and a resource (re)selection process. For example, sensing can be performed on a sub-channel basis. For example, in step S810, the first UE, which has selected resources from the resource pool, can send the PSCCH (e.g., Side Link Control Information (SCI) or Level 1 SCI) to the second UE using the resources. In step S820, the first UE can send the PSSCH (e.g., Level 2 SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) associated with the PSCCH to the second UE. In step S830, the first UE can receive the PSFCH associated with the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second UE.

[0110] Reference Figure 8In (a) or (b), for example, the first UE can send an SCI to the second UE via PSCCH. Alternatively, for example, the first UE can send two consecutive SCIs (e.g., a level 2 SCI) to the second UE via PSCCH and / or PSSCH. In this case, the second UE can decode the two consecutive SCIs (e.g., a level 2 SCI) to receive the PSSCH from the first UE. In this disclosure, an SCI sent via PSCCH may be referred to as the first SCI, first-level SCI, or first-level SCI format, and an SCI sent via PSSCH may be referred to as the second SCI, second-level SCI, second-level SCI, or second-level SCI format.

[0111] Reference Figure 8 In step (a) or (b), the first UE may receive the PSFCH in step S830. For example, the first UE and the second UE may determine the PSFCH resource, and the second UE may use the PSFCH resource to send HARQ feedback to the first UE.

[0112] Reference Figure 8 In step (a), the first UE can send SL HARQ feedback to the base station via PUCCH and / or PUSCH in step S840.

[0113] The following are examples describing the frequency range of wireless communication systems.

[0114] A frequency band can be defined as two different types of frequency ranges. These two different types of frequency ranges can be FR1 and FR2 (FR2-1 and / or FR2-2). The values ​​of the frequency ranges can be changed (or varied), and for example, the two different types of frequency ranges can be shown in Table 3 below. In the frequency ranges used in NR systems, FR1 can mean "below 6 GHz," while FR2 can mean "above 6 GHz" and can also be referred to as millimeter wave (mmW).

[0115] [Table 3]

[0116] As mentioned above, the frequency range value in an NR system can be changed (or varied). For example, as shown in Table 4 below, FR1 can include a frequency band in the range of 410MHz to 7125MHz. That is, FR1 can include a frequency band of 6GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925MHz, etc.) and higher. For example, the frequency band of 6GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925MHz, etc.) and higher included in FR1 can include unlicensed frequency bands. Unlicensed frequency bands can be used for a variety of purposes, including, for example, vehicle communications (e.g., autonomous driving).

[0117] [Table 4]

[0118] The following section will describe an example of SCI format 1-A.

[0119] SCI format 1-A is used to schedule PSSCH and the second-level SCI on PSSCH.

[0120] The following information was sent using SCI format 1-A: -Priority-3 bits -Frequency Resource Allocation- When the value of the higher-level parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is configured to 2, ceiling(log2(N) SL subChannel (N) SL subChannel +1) / 2)) bits; otherwise, when the value of the higher-level parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is configured to 3, ceiling log2(N) SL subChannel (N) SL subChannel +1)(2N SL subChannel +1) / 6) bits.

[0121] -Time Resource Allocation- 5 bits when the higher-level parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is configured to 2; otherwise, 9 bits when the higher-level parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is configured to 3.

[0122] -Resource retention period- If the high-level parameter sl-MultiReserveResource is configured, then ceiling(log2N) rsv_period ) bits, where N rsv_period This is the number of entries in the higher-level parameter sl-ResourceReservePeriodList; otherwise, it is 0.

[0123] -DMRS pattern-ceiling (log2N) pattern ) bits, where N pattern The number of DMRS patterns is configured by the high-level parameter sl-PSSCH-DMRS-TimePatternList.

[0124] -Second-level SCI format-2 digits, as defined in Table 5

[0125] -Beta_offset indicator -2 bits, as provided by the higher-level parameter sl-BetaOffsets2ndSCI

[0126] -Number of DMRS ports -1 bit, as defined in Table 6

[0127] -Modulation and coding scheme-5 bits

[0128] -Additional MCS Table Indicator- 1 bit if one MCS table is configured by the higher-level parameter sl-Additional-MCS-Table; 2 bits if two MCS tables are configured by the higher-level parameter sl-Additional-MCS-Table; otherwise, 0 bits.

[0129] -PSFCH overhead indicator- 1 bit if the higher-level parameter sl-PSFCH-Period = 2 or 4; otherwise, 0 bits.

[0130] - Reserved bits - The number of bits determined by the higher-level parameter sl-NumReservedBits, whose value is set to zero.

[0131] [Table 5]

[0132] [Table 6]

[0133] The following section will describe an example of SCI format 2-A.

[0134] SCI format 2-A is used for decoding PSSCH, and is used in conjunction with HARQ operations when the HARQ-ACK message includes ACK or NACK, when the HARQ-ACK message only includes NACK, or when there is no HARQ-ACK feedback.

[0135] The following information was sent using SCI format 2-A: - HARQ process number - 4 digits - New data indicator - 1 bit - Redundant version - 2 bits - Source ID - 8 digits - Destination ID - 16 digits - HARQ feedback enable / disable indicator - 1 bit - Broadcast type indicator - 2 bits, as defined in Table 7 - CSI Request - 1 bit [Table 7]

[0136] The following section will describe an example of SCI format 2-B.

[0137] For HARQ operations, SCI format 2-B is used for PSSCH decoding when the HARQ-ACK message includes only NACK, or when there is no HARQ-ACK message feedback.

[0138] The following information is sent using SCI format 2-B: - HARQ process number - 4 digits - New data indicator - 1 bit - Redundant version - 2 bits - Source ID - 8 digits - Destination ID - 16 digits - HARQ feedback enable / disable indicator - 1 bit - Region ID - 12 digits - Communication range requirement - 4 bits determined by the higher-level parameter sl-ZoneConfigMCR-Index refer to Figure 8 In step (a) or (b), the first UE may receive the PSFCH in step S830. For example, the first UE and the second UE may determine the PSFCH resource, and the second UE may use the PSFCH resource to send HARQ feedback to the first UE.

[0139] refer to Figure 8 In step (a), the first UE can send SL HARQ feedback to the base station via PUCCH and / or PUSCH in step S840.

[0140] Figure 9 Three broadcast types according to embodiments of this disclosure are shown. Figure 9 The embodiments can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure. Specifically, Figure 9 (a) shows broadcast SL communication. Figure 9 (b) shows unicast SL communication, and Figure 9 (c) illustrates multicast SL communication. In the case of unicast SL communication, a UE can perform one-to-one communication with another UE. In the case of multicast SL transmission, a UE can perform SL communication with one or more UEs in a group to which the UE belongs. In various embodiments of this disclosure, SL multicast communication can be replaced by SL multicast communication, SL one-to-many communication, etc.

[0141] The following section will describe the synchronous acquisition of SL UE.

[0142] In Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) and Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, accurate time and frequency synchronization is essential. Inaccurate time and frequency synchronization can degrade system performance due to inter-symbol interference (ISI) and inter-carrier interference (ICI). The same applies to V2X. In V2X, for time / frequency synchronization, a Side Link Synchronization Signal (SLSS) can be used at the physical layer, and a Master Information Block-Side Link-V2X (MIB-SL-V2X) can be used at the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer.

[0143] Figure 10 A synchronization source or synchronization reference for V2X based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 10 The embodiments described herein can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0144] Reference Figure 10 In V2X, a UE can be directly synchronized with a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), or indirectly synchronized with a GNSS via a UE that is directly synchronized with the GNSS (within or outside network coverage). If the GNSS is configured as the synchronization source, the UE can calculate the DFN and subframe number using Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and a (pre-)configured Direct Frame Number (DFN) offset.

[0145] Alternatively, the UE can synchronize directly with the BS, or it can synchronize with another UE that is time / frequency synchronized with the BS. For example, the BS can be an eNB or gNB. For instance, if the UE is within network coverage, it can receive synchronization information provided by the BS and synchronize directly with the BS. The UE can then provide the synchronization information to another neighboring UE. If the BS timing is based on a synchronization configuration, the UE can rely on a cell associated with the corresponding frequency (when it is within cell coverage at that frequency), or a primary or serving cell (when it is outside cell coverage at that frequency) for synchronization and downlink measurements.

[0146] The BS (e.g., the serving cell) can provide synchronization configurations for the carriers used in V2X or SL communications. In this case, the UE can conform to the synchronization configuration received from the BS. If the UE fails to detect any cell in V2X or SL communications and fails to receive a synchronization configuration from the serving cell, the UE can conform to a pre-configured synchronization configuration.

[0147] Alternatively, the UE can synchronize with another UE that has failed to obtain synchronization information directly or indirectly from the BS or GNSS. The synchronization source or preference can be pre-configured for the UE. Alternatively, the synchronization source and preference can be configured via control messages provided by the BS.

[0148] SL synchronization sources can be associated with / related to synchronization priorities. For example, the relationship between synchronization sources and synchronization priorities can be defined as shown in Table 8 or Table 9. Table 8 or Table 9 are for illustrative purposes only; the relationship between synchronization sources and synchronization priorities can be defined in various forms.

[0149] [Table 8]

[0150] [Table 9]

[0151] In Table 8 or Table 9, P0 can represent the highest priority, and P6 can represent the lowest priority. In Table 8 or Table 9, the BS can include at least one of a gNB and an eNB. It can be (pre-)configured whether to use GNSS-based synchronization or BS-based synchronization. In single-carrier operation, the UE can derive its transmission timing from the available synchronization reference with the highest priority.

[0152] For example, the UE can (re)select a synchronization reference, and the UE can obtain synchronization from the synchronization reference. In addition, the UE can perform SL communication (e.g., PSCCH / PSSCH transmission / reception, Physical Side Link Feedback Channel (PSFCH) transmission / reception, S-SSB transmission / reception, reference signal transmission / reception, etc.) based on the obtained synchronization.

[0153] The location will be described below.

[0154] Figure 11 An example of an architecture in a 5G system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, the 5G system being able to locate UEs accessing a next-generation radio access network (NG-RAN) or an E-UTRAN. Figure 11 The embodiments described herein can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0155] Reference Figure 11 The AMF can receive requests for location services related to a specific target UE from different entities such as the Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC), or it can determine whether to initiate location services in the AMF itself rather than in the specific target UE. The AMF can then send a location service request to the Location Management Function (LMF). Upon receiving a location service request, the LMF can process the request and return a processing request to the AMF, including the estimated location of the UE. Simultaneously, if a location service request is received from a different entity other than the AMF, such as the GMLC, the AMF can pass the processing request received from the LMF to that different entity.

[0156] Next-generation evolved NBs (ng-eNBs) and gNBs are NG-RAN network elements capable of providing measurement results for location estimation, measuring radio signals for a target UE, and transmitting result values ​​to the LMF. Additionally, ng-eNBs can control several transport points (TPs), such as remote radio heads for E-UTRA-supported beacon systems based on Position Reference Signals (PRS) or dedicated PRS TPs.

[0157] The LMF can connect to the Enhanced Serving Mobility Location Center (E-SMLC), and the E-SMLC can allow the LMF to access the E-UTRAN. For example, the E-SMLC can allow the LMF to support Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA) by using downlink measurements obtained by the target UE through signals transmitted from the gNB and / or PRS dedicated TP in the E-UTRAN, which is one of the positioning methods of the E-UTRAN.

[0158] Simultaneously, the LMF can connect to the SUPL Location Platform (SLP). The LMF can support and manage different location determination services for the corresponding target UE. The LMF can interact with the serving ng-eNB or serving gNB for the target UE to obtain the UE's location measurement results. For the target UE's positioning, the LMF can determine the positioning method based on the Location Service (LCS) client type, requested Quality of Service (QoS), UE positioning capabilities, gNB positioning capabilities, and ng-eNB positioning capabilities, and can apply such positioning methods to the serving gNB and / or serving ng-eNB. Additionally, the LMF can determine supplementary information such as the target UE's location estimate and the accuracy of the location estimate and velocity. The SLP is the Secure User Plane Location (SUPL) entity responsible for positioning via the user plane.

[0159] The UE can measure downlink signals via NG-RAN, E-UTRAN, and / or other sources such as various Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and Land Beacon Systems (TBS), Wireless Local Access Network (WLAN) access points, Bluetooth beacons, UE barometric pressure sensors, etc. The UE may include an LCS application. The UE can communicate with networks accessible to the UE, or access the LCS application through another application included in the UE. The LCS application may include the measurement and computation functions needed to determine the UE's location. For example, the UE may include independent positioning capabilities such as Global Positioning System (GPS) and can report the UE's location independently of NG-RAN transmissions. Location information obtained independently in this way can be used as supplementary information to location information obtained from the network.

[0160] Figure 12An example of a network for measuring the location of a UE is shown, based on an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 12 The embodiments described herein can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0161] When the UE is in the Connection Management (CM)-Idle state, if the AMF receives a location service request, the AMF can establish a signaling connection with the UE and can request the network to trigger a service to allocate a specific service gNB or ng-eNB. Figure 12 This process is omitted from the text. In other words, it can be... Figure 12 The system assumes the UE is in connected mode. However, due to signaling and data deactivation, the signaling connection can be released by the NG-RAN during the positioning process.

[0162] Reference Figure 12 The network operation process for measuring the location of a UE is described in detail. In step a1, a 5GC entity such as a GMLC may request the serving AMF to provide location services for measuring the location of the target UE. However, even if the GMLC does not request location services, based on step 1b, the serving AMF can determine that location services are needed for measuring the location of the target UE. For example, to measure the location of a UE used for an emergency call, the serving AMF may determine to directly perform location services.

[0163] Subsequently, the AMF can send a location service request to the LMF based on step 2, and the LMF can initiate a location procedure to obtain location measurement data or location measurement auxiliary data together with the serving ng-eNB and the serving gNB. Additionally, based on step 3b, the LMF can initiate a location procedure for downlink positioning together with the UE. For example, the LMF can send auxiliary data defined in 3GPP TS 36.355, or it can obtain location estimates or location measurements. Step 3b can be performed separately after step 3a, or it can be performed in place of step 3a.

[0164] In step 4, the LMF can provide a location service response to the AMF. Additionally, the location service response may include information regarding whether the UE's location estimation was successful and the UE's location estimation value. Subsequently, if initiated by step a1... Figure 12 In this process, AMF can transmit the location service response to the 5GC entity, such as GMLC, and if initiated by step 1b Figure 12 During the process, the AMF can use location service responses to provide location services related to emergency calls, etc.

[0165] Figure 13 An example of a protocol layer for supporting LTE Location Protocol (LPP) message transmission between an LMF and a UE, based on an embodiment of this disclosure, is shown. Figure 13The embodiments described herein can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0166] LPP PDUs can be sent between the AMF and UE via NAS PDUs. (See reference...) Figure 13 LPP can be terminated between a target device (e.g., a UE in the control plane or a SUPL-enabled terminal (SET) in the user plane) and a location server (e.g., an LMF in the control plane and an SLP in the user plane). LPP messages can be transmitted in the form of transparent PDUs via intermediate network interfaces using appropriate protocols such as the NG Application Protocol (NGAP) via the NG-Control Plane (NG-C) interface and NAS / RRC via the NR-Uu interface. The LPP protocol can enable location services for NR and LTE using various location methods.

[0167] For example, based on the LPP protocol, the target device and the location server can exchange mutual capability information, auxiliary data for positioning, and / or location information. Additionally, LPP messages can be used to indicate the exchange of error information and / or the interruption of the LPP process.

[0168] Figure 14 An example of a protocol layer for supporting NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) PDU transmission between LMF and NG-RAN nodes is shown based on an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 14 The embodiments described herein can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0169] NRPPa can be used for information exchange between NG-RAN nodes and LMFs. Specifically, NRPPa can exchange Enhanced Cell ID (E-CID) for measurement, data supporting the OTDOA positioning method, and cell ID and cell location ID for the NR cell ID positioning method, etc., sent from the ng-eNB to the LMF. Even without information about associated NRPPa transactions, the AMF can route NRPPa PDUs based on the associated LMR's routing ID via the NG-C interface.

[0170] The NRPPa protocol procedures used for location and data collection can be classified into two types. The first type is UE-related procedures used to transmit information about a specific UE (e.g., location measurement information), while the second type is non-UE-related procedures used to transmit information applicable to NG-RAN nodes and related TPs (e.g., gNB / ng-eNB / TP timing information). Both types of procedures can be supported independently or simultaneously.

[0171] Meanwhile, examples of positioning methods supported in NG-RAN may include GNSS, OTDOA, Enhanced Cell ID (E-CID), barometric sensor positioning, WLAN positioning, Bluetooth positioning, and Land Beacon System (TBS), Uplink Time Difference of Arrival (UTDOA), etc.

[0172] (1) OTDOA (Observed Time Difference)

[0173] Figure 15 An OTDOA location method based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 15 The embodiments described herein can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0174] The OTDOA positioning method uses the timing measurement of downlink signals received by the UE from the eNB, ng-eNB, and multiple TPs, including a dedicated PRS TP. The UE measures the timing of the received downlink signals using location assistance data received from a location server. Furthermore, the UE's location can be determined based on these measurements and the geometric coordinates of adjacent TPs.

[0175] A UE connected to a gNB can request a measurement gap from a TP for OTDOA measurements. If the UE cannot identify at least one TP's single-frequency network (SFN) in the OTDOA auxiliary data, the UE can use an autonomous gap to obtain the SNF of the OTDOA reference cell before requesting a measurement gap to perform Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) measurements.

[0176] In this paper, RSTD can be defined based on the minimum relative time difference between the boundaries of two subframes received from the reference cell and the measurement cell, respectively. That is, RSTD can be calculated based on the relative time difference between the start time of the subframe received from the measurement cell and the start time of the subframe of the reference cell whose start time is closest to that of the subframe received from the measurement cell. The reference cell can be selected by the UE.

[0177] For accurate OTDOA measurement, it may be necessary to measure the Time of Arrival (TOA) of signals received from three or more geographically distributed TPs or BSs. For example, the TOA can be measured for each of TP1, TP2, and TP3, and the RSTD of TP1-TP2, TP2-TP3, and TP3-TP1 can be calculated for the three TOAs. Based on this, a geometric hyperbola can be determined, and the point where these hyperbolas intersect can be estimated as the location of the UE. In this case, since the accuracy and / or uncertainty of each TOA measurement may exist, the estimated location of the UE can be referred to as a specific range based on measurement uncertainty.

[0178] For example, the RSTD of these two TPs can be calculated based on Equation 1.

[0179] [Formula 1]

[0180] In this paper, c can be the speed of light, {xt, yt} t} can be the (unknown) coordinates of the target UE, {x i , y i {x1, y1} can be the coordinates of a (known) TP, and {x1, y1} can be the coordinates of a reference TP (or another TP). In this paper, (T) can be... i -T1) is called the "Real Time Difference (RTD)" as the transmission time offset between two TPs, and n i n1 can represent the value related to the UETOA measurement error.

[0181] (2) E-CID (Enhanced Cell ID)

[0182] In the Cell ID (CID) location method, the UE's location can be measured using the geographic information of its serving ng-eNB, serving gNB, and / or serving cell. For example, the geographic information of the serving ng-eNB, serving gNB, and / or serving cell can be obtained through paging, registration, etc.

[0183] In addition to the CID positioning method, the E-CID positioning method can also use additional UE measurements and / or NG-RAN radio resources to improve the UE location estimate. While some of the same measurement methods used in the measurement control system of the RRC protocol can be used in the E-CID positioning method, additional measurements are generally not performed solely for UE location measurement. In other words, measurement configuration or measurement control messages may not be provided additionally to measure the UE's location. Furthermore, the UE may not expect to request additional measurement operations solely for location measurement and can report measurement values ​​obtained through measurement methods that the UE can perform in a general manner.

[0184] For example, the serving gNB can use E-UTRA measurements provided by the UE to implement the E-CID positioning method.

[0185] Examples of measurement elements that can be used for E-CID positioning are as follows.

[0186] - UE Measurements: E-UTRA Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), E-UTRA Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), UE E-UTRA Rx-Tx Time Difference, GSM EDGE Random Access Network (GERAN) / WLAN Reference Signal Strength Indication (RSSI), UTRAN Common Pilot Channel (CPICH) Received Signal Code Power (RSCP), UTRAN CPICH Ec / Io

[0187] - E-UTRAN measurements: ng-eNB Rx-Tx time difference, timing advance (TADV), angle of arrival (AoA).

[0188] In this paper, TADV can be classified into Type 1 and Type 2 as follows.

[0189] TADV type 1 = (ng-eNB Rx-Tx time difference) + (UE E-UTRA Rx-Tx time difference)

[0190] TADV type 2 = ng-eNB Rx-Tx time difference

[0191] Simultaneously, AoA can be used to measure the UE's orientation. AoA can be defined as an estimated angle relative to the UE's position in a counter-clockwise direction from the BS / TP. In this case, the geographic reference direction can be north. The BS / TP can use uplink signals such as the Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) and / or the Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) for AoA measurement. Furthermore, the larger the antenna array arrangement, the higher the AoA measurement accuracy. When the antenna array elements are arranged at equal intervals, the signals received from adjacent antennas can have a constant phase rotation.

[0192] (3) UTDOA (Uplink Time Difference of Arrival)

[0193] UTDOA is a method for determining the location of a UE by estimating the arrival time of the SRS. When the estimated SRS arrival time is calculated, the UE's location can be estimated by using the serving cell as a reference cell via the time difference of arrival relative to another cell (or BS / TP). To implement UTDOA, the E-SMLC can indicate the serving cell of the target UE to indicate the SRS transmission to the target UE. Additionally, the E-SMLC can provide configurations such as whether the SRS is periodic / aperiodic, bandwidth, frequency / group / sequence hopping, etc.

[0194] (4) Round trip time (RTT)

[0195] RTT (Remote Time Tolerance) is a localization technique that allows measuring the distance between two entities, even if the target entity and the server entity are out of sync. If RTT is performed using multiple server entities, the distance to each server entity can be measured individually. Furthermore, by drawing circles using the distances measured from each server entity, absolute localization of the target entity can be performed through the intersection of these circles.

[0196] The RTT between two entities is performed as follows: Entity #1 can send PRS #1 at t1, and entity #2 can receive PRS #1 at t2. After entity #2 receives PRS #1, entity #2 can send PRS #2 at t3, and entity #1 can receive PRS #2 at t4. In this case, the distance D between the two entities can be obtained as follows.

[0197] (Where c is the speed of light)

[0198] For the RTT between the UE and the gNB, the distance between the UE and the gNB can be obtained based on the above formula using the UE Rx-Tx time difference and the gNB Rx-Tx time difference in Tables 13 and 15 below.

[0199] (5) Bilateral RTT

[0200] Figure 16 The two-sided round-trip time (RTT) is shown based on an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 16 The embodiments described herein can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0201] For example, a method for performing a two-sided RTT between two entities could be as follows.

[0202] For example, two-sided RTT can be a positioning technique that can measure the distance between two entities even when there is a sampling clock frequency offset between the target entity and the server entity.

[0203] For example, two-sided RTT is widely used in ultra-wideband (UWB) positioning and can reduce the impact of clock errors.

[0204] For example, the propagation delay T^ can be measured twice (e.g., T). round1 T round2 T reply1 T reply2 To estimate.

[0205] For example, the propagation delay T(T^) can be calculated based on Equation 2.

[0206] [Equation 2]

[0207] For example, the propagation delay T(T^) can be calculated based on Equation 3.

[0208] [Formula 3]

[0209] In addition, T can be obtained based on Equation 4. round1 ×T round2 -T reply1 ×T reply2 .

[0210] [Formula 4]

[0211] Here, Equation 4 can be the same as Equation 5.

[0212] [Formula 5]

[0213] Therefore, the propagation delay T(T^) can be estimated as shown in Equation 6.

[0214] [Formula 6]

[0215] In this case, the error in the propagation delay estimate due to clock error can be obtained based on Equation 7.

[0216] [Formula 7]

[0217] Here, and It can be the clock offset of UE1 and UE2.

[0218] T(T^) can be the estimated propagation delay between UE1 and UE2.

[0219] For example, the application of rules and / or parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for service types. For example, the application of rules and / or parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for (LCH or service) priorities. For example, the application of rules and / or parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for QoS requirements (e.g., latency, reliability, minimum communication range). For example, the application of rules and / or parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for PQI parameters. For example, the application of rules and / or parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for LCH / MAC PDUs (transmissions) with SL HARQ feedback enabled. For example, the application of rules and / or parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for LCH / MAC PDUs (transmitted) that are disabled for SL HARQ feedback. Similarly, the application of rules and / or parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for CBR measurements of resource pools. For example, the application of rules and / or parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for SL broadcast types (e.g., unicast, multicast, broadcast). For example, the application of rules and / or parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for SL multicast HARQ feedback options (e.g., NACK feedback only, ACK / NACK feedback, NACK feedback based solely on TX-RX distance). For example, the application of rules and / or parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for SL mode 1 CG type (e.g., SL CG type 1 or SL CG type 2). Similarly, the application of rules and / or parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for SL mode type (e.g., mode 1 or mode 2). For example, the application of rules and / or parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for resource pools. For example, the application of rules and / or parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for whether a PSFCH resource is configured in a resource pool. For example, the application of rules and / or parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for source (L2) IDs.For example, the application of rules and / or parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for the destination (L2) ID. For example, the application of rules and / or parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for the PC5 RRC connection link. For example, the application of rules and / or parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for the SL link. For example, the application of rules and / or parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for the connection state (with the base station) (e.g., RRC connection state, idle state, inactive state). For example, the application of rules and / or parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for the SL HARQ process (ID). For example, rules and / or parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be specifically configured / allowed for whether SL DRX operation (TX UE or RX UE) is performed. For example, rules and / or parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be specifically configured / allowed for whether the UE is an energy-saving (TX or RX) UE. For example, rules and / or parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be specifically configured / allowed for cases where PSFCH TX and PSFCH RX (and / or multiple PSFCH TX (beyond UE capacity)) overlap (and / or PSFCH TX (and / or PSFCH RX) are skipped) (from the perspective of a specific UE). For example, rules and / or parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rules can be specifically configured / allowed for cases where the RX UE actually (successfully) receives (re)transmitted PSCCH (and / or PSSCH) from the TX UE.

[0220] For example, in this disclosure, the term "configured / specified (or designated / assigned)" can be extended to / interpreted as the base station notifying the UE (and / or the form provided by pre-configuration and / or the UE notifying other UEs by pre-defined (physical layer or higher layer) channels / signals (e.g., SIB, RRC, MAC CE)).

[0221] For example, in this disclosure, the term "PSFCH" can be extended to / interpreted as (NR or LTE) PSSCH (and / or (NR or LTE) PSCCH) (and / or (NR or LTE) SL SSB (and / or UL channel / signal)). Furthermore, the methods proposed in this disclosure can be used in combination with each other (as a novel approach).

[0222] For example, in this disclosure, a specific threshold may refer to a value predefined or (pre-)configured by the higher layers of the network (including the application layer), the base station, or the UE. For example, in this disclosure, a specific configuration value may refer to a value predefined or (pre-)configured by the higher layers of the network, base station, or UE (including the application layer). For example, network / base station configuration operations may refer to the base station (pre-)configuring the UE via higher-layer RRC signaling, or the base station configuring / signaling the UE via MAC CE, or the base station signaling the UE via DCI.

[0223] In this disclosure, the following defined / applicable targets may also be applied to DL / UL / SL positioning (based on RS (e.g., SRS, PRS, etc.)).

[0224] For example, the following can represent an example of a reference signal time difference (RSTD). For example, the following RSTD can be applied to SL positioning.

[0225] Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD)

[0226] - Definition: The relative timing difference between E-UTRA neighbor cell j and E-UTRA reference cell i can be defined as T. SubframeRxj – T SubframeRxi , where: T SubframeRxj It can be the time when the UE receives the start of a subframe from E-UTRA cell j, and T SubframeRxi This could be the time when the UE receives a subframe from E-UTRA cell i, which is temporally closest to the subframe received from E-UTRA cell j. The reference point for the observed subframe time difference could be the UE's antenna connector.

[0227] - Applies to: RRC_CONNECTED RAT

[0228] For example, the following can represent an example of DL PRS reference signal received power (RSRP). For example, the following DL PRSRSRP can be applied to SL positioning.

[0229] DL PRS Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)

[0230] - Definition: DL PRS Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) can be defined as the linear average of the power contributions (in [W]) of the resource elements carrying the DL PRS reference signal configured for RSRP measurement within the considered measurement frequency bandwidth. For frequency range 1, the reference point for DL ​​PRS-RSRP can be the UE's antenna connector. For frequency range 2, DL PRS-RSRP can be measured based on the combined signal from the antenna element corresponding to a given receiver branch. For frequency ranges 1 and 2, if the UE uses receiver diversity, the reported DL PRS-RSRP value may not be lower than the corresponding DL PRS-RSRP of any individual receiver branch.

[0231] - Applicable to: RRC_CONNECTED intra-frequency and RRC_CONNECTED inter-frequency.

[0232] For example, the following example can represent an example of DL relative signal time difference (DSTD). For example, the following DL RSTD can be applied to SL positioning.

[0233] Downlink Relative Signal Time Difference (DL RSTD)

[0234] - Definition: The DL RSTD between positioning node j and reference positioning node i can be defined as T SubframeRxj –T SubframeRxi Here, T SubframeRxj It could be the time when the UE receives the start of a subframe from the positioning node j, and T SubframeRxi This could be the time when the UE receives a subframe from location node i, which is temporally closest to the subframe received from location node j. Multiple DL RRS resources can be used to determine the start of a subframe from the location node. For frequency range 1, the reference point for DL ​​RRSTD can be the UE's antenna connector. For frequency range 2, the reference point for DL ​​RRSTD can be the UE's antenna.

[0235] - Applicable to: RRC_CONNECTED (same frequency), RRC_CONNECTED (different frequency)

[0236] For example, the following can represent the UE Rx-Tx time difference. For example, the following UE Rx-Tx time difference can be applied to SL positioning.

[0237] UE Rx-Tx time difference

[0238] - Definition: The time difference between UE Rx and Tx can be defined as T.UE-RX –T UE-TX Here, T UE-RX The UE reception timing can be defined by the downlink subframe #i from the location node, which is the first path detected in time, and T UE-TX This can be the UE transmission timing of the uplink subframe #j that is closest in time to the subframe #i received from the positioning node. Multiple DL PRS resources can be used to determine the start of a subframe in the first-arrival path of the positioning node. For frequency range 1, used for T UE-RX The reference point for the measurement can be the UE's Rx antenna connector, and it is used for T UE-TX The reference point for the measurement can be the UE's Tx antenna connector. For frequency range 2, for T... UE-RX The reference point for the measurement can be the UE's Rx antenna, and it is used for T. UE-TX The reference point for the measurement can be the UE's Tx antenna.

[0239] - Applicable to: RRC_CONNECTED (same frequency), RRC_CONNECTED (different frequency)

[0240] For example, the following example can represent the relative arrival time of UL (T) UL-RTOA Examples. For instance, the following UL RTOA can be applied to SL positioning.

[0241] UL Relative Time of Arrival (TUL-RTOA) (T UL-RTOA )

[0242] - Definition: UL relative arrival time (T) UL-RTOA The reference time (T) can be the start of subframe i of the SRS received at location node j, relative to a configurable reference time. Multiple SRS resources used for location can be used to determine the start of a subframe of the SRS received at the location node. UL-RTOA The reference points can be as follows: - For Type 1-C base station TS 38.104 [9]: Rx antenna connector; - For Type 1-O or 2-O base station TS 38.104 [9]: Rx antenna; - For Type 1-H base station TS 38.104 [9]: Rx transceiver array boundary connector.

[0243] For example, the following can represent an example of the gNB Rx-Tx time difference. For example, the following gNB Rx-Tx time difference can be applied to SL positioning.

[0244] gNB Rx-Tx Time Difference

[0245] - Definition: The time difference between gNB Rx and Tx can be defined as T. gNB-RX –TgNB-TX Here, T gNB-RX The timing can be defined by the location node receiving the uplink subframe #i containing the SRS associated with the UE, which is the first path detected in time. gNB-TX The timing can be the transmission timing of the positioning node in downlink subframe #j, which is closest in time to subframe #i received from the UE. Multiple SRS resources used for positioning can be used to determine the start of a subframe containing SRS. For T... gNB-RX The reference points can be as follows: - For Type 1-C base station TS 38.104[9]: Rx antenna connector, - For Type 1-O or 2-O base station TS38.104[9]: Rx antenna, - For Type 1-H base station TS 38.104[9]: Rx transceiver array boundary connector. For T gNB-TX The reference points can be as follows: - For type 1-C base station TS 38.104[9]: Tx antenna connector, - For type 1-O or 2-O base station TS 38.104[9]: Tx antenna, - For type 1-H base station TS 38.104[9]: Tx transceiver array boundary connector.

[0246] For example, the following can represent an example of UL Angle of Arrival (AoA). For example, the following UL AoA can be applied to SL positioning.

[0247] UL Angle of Arrival (UL AoA)

[0248] - Definition: The UL angle of arrival (UL AoA) can be defined as the estimated azimuth and vertical angle of the UE relative to a reference direction, which is defined as follows: - In the global coordinate system (GCS), the estimated azimuth can be measured relative to geographic north and is positive in the counterclockwise direction, and the estimated vertical angle can be measured relative to the zenith and is positive in the horizontal direction. - In the local coordinate system (LCS), the estimated azimuth can be measured relative to the x-axis of the LCS and is positive in the counterclockwise direction, and the estimated vertical angle can be measured relative to the z-axis of the LCS and is positive in the xy plane direction. The azimuth, downtilt, and tilt angles of the LCS are defined according to TS 38.901

[14] . The UL AoA is determined at the gNB antenna for the UL channel corresponding to this UE.

[0249] For example, the following example can represent an example of UL SRS reference signal received power (RSRP). For example, the following ULSRS RSRP can be applied to SL positioning.

[0250] UL SRS Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)

[0251] Definition: The UL SRS reference signal received power (UL SRS-RSRP) is defined as the linear average of the power contributions (in [W]) of the resource element carrying the probe reference signal (SRS). The UL SRS-RSRP can be measured on the configured resource element within the measurement frequency bandwidth considered at the configured measurement time point. For frequency range 1, the reference point for the UL SRS-RSRP can be the antenna connector of the gNB. For frequency range 2, the UL SRS-RSRP can be measured based on the combined signal from the antenna element corresponding to a given receiver branch. For frequency ranges 1 and 2, if the gNB uses receiver diversity, the reported UL SRS-RSRP value can be no less than the corresponding UL SRS-RSRP of any one of the individual receiver branches.

[0252] The following terms may be used in this disclosure.

[0253] - LMF: Location Management Function

[0254] - UE-triggered SL location: Side link (SL) location triggered by the UE.

[0255] - SL positioning triggered by base station / LMF: SL positioning triggered by base station / LMF

[0256] - UE-controlled SL positioning: SL positioning where the UE creates SL positioning groups.

[0257] - Base station controlled SL positioning: SL positioning where the base station creates SL positioning groups.

[0258] - UE-based SL positioning: SL positioning calculated by the UE to determine the UE's location.

[0259] - UE-assisted SL positioning: SL positioning of the UE location calculated by the base station / LMF

[0260] - SL Positioning Group: UEs participating in SL positioning

[0261] - Target UE (T-UE): The UE whose location is calculated

[0262] - Server UE (S-UE): UE that assists in the positioning of the T-UE.

[0263] - Anchor UE: UE that assists in the positioning of T-UE

[0264] - MG: Measurement gap that only allows SL PRS transmission

[0265] - MW: Measurement window capable of transmitting both SL data and SL PRS in a multiplexed manner.

[0266] - SL PRS: Side Link Positioning Reference Signal

[0267] - CCH: Control Channel

[0268] - Inter-UE Coordination (IUC) Message: A message received by the TX UE from other UEs, including the RX UE, which includes information about a set of resources suitable for transmission (preferred resources) and / or information about a set of resources unsuitable for transmission from the TX UE to the RX UE (non-preferred resources).

[0269] JCAS: Joint Communications and Sensing

[0270] - RIS: Reconfigurable Smart Surfaces

[0271] In this disclosure, SL PRS transport (resources) can be configured with an SL PRS resource set (e.g., an SL PRS (dedicated) resource pool, a (shared) SL resource pool), which is configured with at least one of the following information.

[0272] - SL PRS Resource Set ID

[0273] - SL PRS Resource ID List: A list of SL PRS resource IDs in the SL PRS resource set.

[0274] - SL PRS resource type: Can be set to periodic, non-periodic, semi-persistent, or on-demand.

[0275] - Alpha value of SL PRS power control

[0276] - P0 value of SL PRS power control

[0277] - Path loss reference for SL PRS power control: can be set to SL SSB or DL ​​PRS or UL SRS or UL SRS or PSCCH DMRS or PSSCH DMRS or PSFCH or SL CSI RS, etc. for positioning.

[0278] In this disclosure, an SL PRS resource set (e.g., an SL PRS resource pool, a (shared) SL resource pool) may be configured with SL PRS resources, which are configured with at least one of the following information.

[0279] - SL PRS Resource ID

[0280] - SL PRS comb size: The spacing between REs used for SL PRS transmissions within a symbol.

[0281] - SL PRS comb offset: where the RE index of the SL PRS is first transmitted within the first SL PRS symbol.

[0282] - SL PRS comb cyclic shift: used to generate the cyclic shifts that make up the SL PRS sequence.

[0283] - SL PRS start position - where the index of the first symbol of the SL PRS transmitted within a time slot is located.

[0284] - Number of SL PRS symbols: The number of symbols configured for SL PRS within a time slot.

[0285] - Frequency Domain Offset: The lowest frequency position (index) at which SL PRS is transmitted in the frequency domain.

[0286] - SL PRS BW: Frequency bandwidth used for SL PRS transmission

[0287] - SL PRS resource type: Can be set to periodic, non-periodic, semi-persistent, or on-demand.

[0288] - SL PRS Periodicity: The periodicity of SL PRS resources in the time domain, measured in units of physical or logical time slots within the resource pool that sends the SL PRS.

[0289] - SL PRS Offset: The time-domain offset of the start of the first SL PRS resource relative to the reference timing, in units of physical or logical time slots within the resource pool where the SL PRS is transmitted. The reference timing can be SFN=0 or DFN=0, or the time of successful reception or decoding of RRC / MAC-CE / DCI / SCI associated with the SL PRS resource.

[0290] - SL PRS Sequence ID

[0291] - SL PRS spatial relationship: can be set to SL SSB or DL ​​PRS or UL SRS or UL SRS or PSCCH DMRS or PSSCH DMRS or PSFCH or SL CSI RS, etc. for positioning.

[0292] - SL PRS CCH: SL PRS control channel. It can use signals to send SL PRS resource configuration information, resource locations, etc.

[0293] In this disclosure, a target UE may refer to a device (e.g., a UE) that uses a Uu link / side link to measure its distance, orientation, and / or location with the support of one or more anchor devices (e.g., anchor UEs).

[0294] In this disclosure, anchor UE may refer to a device (e.g., UE) that supports the positioning of a target UE, and / or a device (e.g., UE) that performs the transmission and reception of positioning reference signals and provides positioning-related information through a Uu link / side link.

[0295] In this disclosure, a location server (e.g., a server UE) may refer to means (e.g., UE, gNB, LMF, E-SMLC, SUPL SLP) that provides functions for determining a positioning method for a positioning and ranging service, distributing auxiliary data and / or calculating a location, and / or means (e.g., UE) that interacts with other means (e.g., UE) via PC5 to determine a ranging / positioning method, distribute auxiliary data and calculate the location of a target UE, and / or, if any of the above functions are supported, the target UE or anchor UE may act as a location server (e.g., a server UE).

[0296] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, in a (shared) resource set (pool), SL data and SL PRS can be transmitted via time division multiplexing (TDM) within a single time slot. In this case, it may be necessary to define a method for calculating the number of symbols used for the second SCI transmission within the time slot.

[0297] In this disclosure, a method for calculating the number of symbols used for second SCI transmission within a time slot can be proposed when transmitting SL data and SL PRS by performing time division multiplexing (TDM) within a time slot of a (shared) resource set (pool).

[0298] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, where the PSSCH (including SL-SCH) for SL data transmission and the SL PRS for SL positioning are transmitted by time division multiplexing (TDM) within a time slot of a (shared) resource set (pool), the UE can determine the transport block size (TBS) of the SL data transmitted by the PSSCH and the number of (modulated) symbols in the time slot for second-level SCI transmission based on at least one of a plurality of methods.

[0299] For example, if PSSCH and SL PRS are transmitted in the same time slot, and / or if the source ID and / or destination ID and / or broadcast type are the same when transmitted via SCI (e.g., second SCI) in the same time slot, SL PRS can be transmitted using only the same number of SL PRS symbols in the same time slot.

[0300] For example, when PSSCH and SL PRS are transmitted in the same time slot, information about the number of SL PRS symbols and / or the index of the SLPRS configuration associated with the SL PRS actually transmitted in the time slot can be transmitted based on information about the SL PRS configuration for transmittable SL PRS resources configured in the resource set (pool) and / or via the SCI (e.g., the first SCI) in the time slot.

[0301] For example (in the above case), information about the number of SL PRS symbols actually transmitted in the time slot and / or the index used for SL PRS configuration can be transmitted through the reserved bits in the first SCI.

[0302] For example, when the UE repeatedly transmits one or more SL PRS in one or more time slots for the same SL positioning service and / or SL positioning method, and / or when the time slot in which one or more SL PRS are transmitted includes the time slot in which PSSCH (e.g., including SL-SCH) and SL PRS are transmitted within the same time slot: SL PRS transmitted in the same time slot as PSSCH including SL-SCH and SL PRS transmitted in the same time slot as PSSCH excluding SL-SCH can be transmitted through SLPRS resources with the same number of SL PRS symbols in the time slot.

[0303] For example, the number of (modulated) symbols transmitted in a time slot for second-level SCI transmission can be calculated as at least one of the following.

[0304] [Equation 8]

[0305] in: - O SCI2 It is the number of SCI bits in the second level.

[0306] - L SCI2 This is the number of CRC bits used for the second-level SCI, which is 24 bits.

[0307] - β SCI2 offset It is the β offset indicated in the corresponding first-level SCI.

[0308] - M PSSCH SC (l) is the scheduling bandwidth of PSSCH transmission, expressed as the number of subcarriers.

[0309] - M PSCCH SC(l) is the number of subcarriers in OFDM symbol l that carry PSCCH and PSCCH DMRS associated with PSSCH transmission.

[0310] - M SCI2 SC (l) represents the number of resource elements. In PSSCH transmission, for l=0,1,2,...,N PSSCH symbol -1, and for N PSSCH symbol = N sh symb - N PSFCH symb - N SL PRS symb It can be used for the transmission of the second-level SCI in OFDM symbol 1, where N sh symb = sl-lengthSymbols – 2, where sl-lengthSymbols is the number of sidelink symbols within a slot provided by the higher layer. If the higher-layer parameter sl-PSFCH-Period is 2 or 4, and / or if the “PSFCH Overhead Indicator” field in SCI Format 1 indicates “1”, then N PSFCH symb = 3, otherwise N PSFCH symb = 0. If the higher-level parameter sl-PSFH-Period is 0, then N PSFCH symb = 0. If the higher-level parameter sl-PSFH-Period is 1, then N PSFCH symb = 3.

[0311] - M SCI2 SC (l) = M PSSCH SC (l) - M PSCCH SC (l)

[0312] - γ is the number of empty resource elements in the resource block to which the last encoded symbol of the second-level SCI belongs.

[0313] - R is the coding rate indicated by the "Modulation and Coding Scheme" field in SCI Format 1-A.

[0314] - α is configured by the higher-level parameter sl-Scaling.

[0315] For example, N PSSCH symbolN PSFCH symb and N SL PRS symb These represent the number of PSSCH symbols, PSFCH symbols, and SL PRS symbols transmitted within a time slot, respectively, which are used to calculate the number of modulation symbols transmitted within the time slot for second (level) SCI transmission.

[0316] For example, (in the above case), if there are no SL PRS symbols to be transmitted via the first SCI signal within a time slot, the number of PSFCH symbols can be calculated based on rules (pre-)configured in the resource set (pool). However, for example, since the number of SL PRS symbols is determined by the SL PRS configuration selected by the UE for SL PRS transmission in the time slot within the SL PRS configuration (pre-)configured to allow transmission in the resource set (pool) for SL positioning, the UE receiving SL PRS may become unable to know the number of SL PRS symbols in advance. For example, to solve this problem, the number of SL PRS symbols can be determined based on at least one of the following: For example, to calculate the number of transmitable PSSCH symbols within a time slot in the most conservative way, the number of SL PRS symbols can be determined as the maximum value among one or more candidate numbers of SL PRS symbols that can be transmitted according to one or more SL PRS configurations (pre-)configured in the resource set (pool). For example, by doing so, the UE can ensure that the number of (modulated) symbols for the second SCI transmission is never calculated by exceeding the number of transmitable symbols within the time slot.

[0317] For example, because the UE can determine the number of SL PRS symbols within a time slot based on UE implementation or based on Quality of Service (QoS) (e.g., PRS delay budget) and / or the priority of the associated SL positioning service, the number of SL PRS symbols transmitted between time slots may not always be the same and may vary. For example (considering the above), the overhead of the SL PRS symbols can be averaged, and for this purpose, the number of SL PRS symbols can be determined as the average of the number of one or more SL PRS symbols that can be transmitted based on one or more SL PRS configurations (pre-)configured in the resource set (pool). In this case, for example, the average could be an integer that is closest to and / or not less than the arithmetic mean of the number of one or more SL PRS symbols (e.g., round up / round down operations).

[0318] For example, to ensure the maximum number of PSSCH symbols that can be transmitted within a time slot, the number of SL PRS symbols can be determined as the minimum among one or more candidate numbers of SL PRS symbols that can be transmitted, configured based on one or more SL PRS symbols pre-configured in the resource set (pool). For example, by doing so, the UE can ensure the maximum number of (modulated) symbols available for second SCI transmission within the time slot.

[0319] For example, (in the above case), N SL PRS symb The number can be the following: the number of symbols configured as SL PRS resources, the number of AGC symbols preceding the SL PRS resources, and / or the number of Tx / Rx switching gap symbols following the SL PRS resources.

[0320] Based on various embodiments of this disclosure, in the case of transmitting SL data and SL PRS by performing time division multiplexing (TDM) in time slots within a (shared) resource set (pool), a method can be proposed to determine the number of symbols used for second SCI transmission within a time slot by taking into account the overhead of SL PRS within the time slot.

[0321] Figure 17 This disclosure illustrates a problem with a method for performing wireless communication based on embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 17 The embodiments described herein can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0322] refer to Figure 17 Based on embodiments of this disclosure, RS (e.g., RS for location ((SL) PRS / SRS)) can be transmitted and received by means of devices (e.g., anchor UE, target UE, location server (e.g., server UE, gNB / eNB, LMF, etc.)). For example, information about the number M (e.g., 1, 2, 3, ..., 17) of RS symbols (for RS transmission / reception) within a time slot can be configured (for a shared resource pool / dedicated resource pool). For example, the number of available symbols within a time slot (e.g., 12, 14, ...) can be configured. For example, RS symbols can be adjacent or consecutive within a time slot. For example, a UE can transmit RS within a PSSCH symbol in which a PSSCH is transmitted. For example, RS symbols can be mapped within a PSSCH symbol in which a PSSCH is transmitted within a time slot.

[0323] For example, when RS symbols are mapped within PSSCH symbols in a time slot, their arrangement may be somewhat ambiguous, and therefore, overlap or interference between symbols transmitting PSSCH within them may increase. For example, when RS symbols are mapped within adjacent or consecutive PSCCH symbols / PSSCH symbols transmitting the first SCI / second SCI, it may result in the transmission of control information including information related to RS resources after RS ​​transmission. Furthermore, when RS symbols are mapped within adjacent or consecutive PSCCH symbols / PSSCH symbols transmitting the first SCI / second SCI, overlap or interference may increase when control information including information related to RS resources is transmitted via subsequent PSCCH symbols / PSSCH symbols. For example, M adjacent or consecutive RS symbols among M or more adjacent or consecutive PSSCH symbols can be randomly mapped. For example, when there are two or more adjacent or consecutive PSSCH symbols greater than or equal to M, M adjacent or consecutive RS symbols among randomly selected adjacent or consecutive PSSCH symbols (e.g., in the case of M=2, in...) Figure 17 In the case of the upper time slot, any one of 1-2 or 4-7 (within the symbol indices 0, 1, 2, ..., 13 starting from the left); in Figure 17 In the case of the next time slot, any one of 1-2, 4-5, or 7-9 (within the symbol indices 0, 1, 2, ..., 13 from the left) can be randomly mapped. For example, in neighboring or consecutive PSSCH symbols greater than M (e.g., in the case of M=2, in... Figure 17 In the case of the upper time slot, 4-7 (from the left-hand symbol indices 0, 1, 2, ..., 13); in Figure 17 In the case of the next time slot, 7-9 (from the left-hand symbol indices 0, 1, 2, ..., 13)), M adjacent or consecutive RS symbols (e.g., in the case of M=2, in Figure 17 In the case of the upper time slot, 4-5, 5-6, 6-7; Figure 17 In the case of the next time slot, 7-8 and 8-9 can be randomly mapped. Therefore, even if information about M is configured for both the transmitting and receiving devices, a mismatch can occur between the RS symbol of the RS transmitted by the transmitting device and the RS symbol expected by the receiving device.

[0324] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, in the case of transmitting both SL PRS for SL positioning and data for SL communication within a time slot of a (shared) resource pool, it may be necessary to define a time slot structure to transmit SL PRS, SL data, and SCI associated with SL PRS and SL data within the time slot.

[0325] In this disclosure, when both SL PRS for SL positioning and data for SL communication are transmitted in a time slot within a (shared) resource pool, a time slot structure is proposed that requires the transmission of the second (level) SCI of SL PRS and SCI within a time slot.

[0326] For example, when both SL PRS and SL-SCH are transmitted within a time slot of a (shared) resource pool, the SCI associated with SL PRS and SL-SCH can be transmitted via (being included in) a first (level) SCI and / or a second (level) SCI. For example, (in the above case), SL PRS, SL-SCH, first (level) SCI, and / or second (level) SCI can be transmitted within a time slot based on at least one of the following.

[0327] For example, an SL PRS (resource) within a time slot may be transmitted in the last M symbols and / or in a group of adjacent or consecutive symbols configured to exclude channel measurement RS (e.g., (SL)CSI-RS, PSSCH DMRS) from transmission in the time slot, and / or in the last group in time of a group consisting of M symbols that include or consist of SL PRS resources or SL PRS resources, and / or may be (pre)defined to be transmitted. For example, a UE may have to transmit SL PRS in adjacent or consecutive symbols within a time slot, and / or a UE may not transmit multiple SL PRS resources in the same time slot, and / or a UE must not transmit SL PRS and channel measurement RS (e.g., PSSCH DMRS, SL CSI-RS, etc.) in the same symbol, and / or SL PRS resources may be mapped to the last consecutive symbols (in time) of a number greater than or equal to M (configured (in the resource pool)) within a time slot (and / or symbols within the time slot) that meet the constraints.

[0328] For example, (in the above case), a UE transmitting or receiving SL PRS within a time slot can assume that the same number of SL PRS symbols as the overhead value (number of symbols) are transmitted and / or located in the last time group by means of SL PRS resources (pre-)configured for determining the number of symbols associated with the second (level) SCI within the resource pool, in order to determine the number of (modulated) symbols associated with the second (level) SCI transmitted within the time slot. For example, in the case of second (level) SCI transmission on PSSCH, the number of (coded) modulated symbols generated for the second (level) SCI transmission can be determined based on the number of symbols assumed for SL PRS configured in the resource pool.

[0329] For example, (in the above case), when the UE maps the second (level) SCI within the PSSCH of the time slot, the UE can map the PSSCH in which the first (level) SCI is transmitted within the time slot from the second symbol of the time slot (e.g., the first symbol is an AGC symbol) within the (pre)configured bandwidth, and / or can exclude the bandwidth of the configured bandwidth used for transmitting the PSSCH by the remaining symbols within the time slot and / or by excluding the bandwidth of the PSSCH used for transmitting the PSSCH within the symbols used for transmitting the PSSCH. The mapping includes the PSSCH in which the second level SCI is transmitted sequentially in the time and frequency domains or the resource element (RE) consisting of the PSSCH in which the second level SCI is transmitted sequentially in the time and frequency domains.

[0330] For example, (in the above case), the PSSCH in which control information (e.g., the second (level) SCI) is transmitted may not be mapped to the location of the symbol in which the SL PRS resource (configured in the resource pool) is assumed to be transmitted. For example, if the number of REs consisting of PSSCHs in which the second (level) SCI is transmitted or PSSCHs in which the second (level) SCI is transmitted is large, mapping may be skipped at the location of the symbol in which the second (level) SCI is assumed to be transmitted, and / or mapping may be performed sequentially in the time and frequency domains within the time slot until all REs consisting of PSSCHs in which the second (level) SCI is transmitted or PSSCHs in which the second (level) SCI is transmitted are mapped. For example, the UE may not transmit SL PRS within the PSCCH / PSSCH symbols in which control information (e.g., the first (level) SCI, the second (level) SCI) is transmitted.

[0331] For example (in the above case), after mapping includes all REs consisting of PSSCHs in which a second (level) SCI is transmitted within a time slot or PSSCHs in which a second (level) SCI is transmitted within a time slot, symbols consisting of SLPRS resources actually transmitted by the UE or SLPRS resources actually transmitted by the UE can be mapped to the last symbol in time among the symbols that are assumed to transmit the second (level) SCI.

[0332] For example (in the above case), after mapping the PSCCH, the PSSCH in which the second (level) SCI is transmitted, and the symbols in the time slot including the actually transmitted SL PRS resources or the symbols composed of the actually transmitted SL PRS resources, the PSSCH including the SL-SCH or the PSSCH composed of the SL-SCH can be transmitted in the frequency domain in sequence from the earliest symbol position in time and from the RE at the lowest frequency position relative to the remaining symbols and REs in the time slot.

[0333] For example, in the case of transmitting both SL PRS and SL-SCH within a time slot of a (shared) resource pool, the UE may assume that SL PRS symbols configured (assumed) to be used for calculating the overhead of SL PRS symbols (pre-)configured in the resource pool are transmitted at the end of the time slot (excluding symbols of Tx / Rx handover gaps), and / or the UE may sequentially map PSCCH, PSSCH in which the second (level) SCI is transmitted, and PSSCH in which SL-SCH is transmitted, based on the remaining symbols in the time slot, in the time and frequency domains. For example, (in the above case), the UE may transmit PSSCH (symbols) in which the second (level) SCI is always transmitted (only) through symbols that are temporally earlier than symbols that include SL PRS resources or consist of SL PRS resources, and / or can be expected to be transmitted. For example, the UE may transmit SL PRS between symbols in which PSSCH (DMRS) is transmitted or after symbols in which PSSCH (DMRS) is transmitted, and / or can be expected to be transmitted. For example, a UE can transmit SL PRS by a symbol that includes SL PRS resources or consists of SL PRS resources, which is always (only) later than the symbol in which the second (level) SCI is transmitted (the last) PSSCH (symbol) (in time), and / or can be expected to be transmitted.

[0334] Based on various embodiments of this disclosure, in the case of transmitting both SLPRS for SL positioning and data for SL communication within a time slot of a (shared) resource pool, a time slot structure can be proposed that is required to efficiently transmit the second (level) SCI of SL PRS and SCI within a time slot.

[0335] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, various effects can be achieved. For example, when the number or arrangement of symbols required for control information / data transmission in shared channel resources is unknown, overlap between symbols required for control information / data transmission and symbols required for PRS transmission can be prevented as much as possible. For example, when the number or arrangement of symbols required for control information / data transmission in shared channel resources is unknown, the RS receiving device can identify the resources and symbols required for PRS transmission even without additional signaling. For example, mismatch of RS symbols between the RS transmitting device and the RS receiving device can be prevented.

[0336] Figure 18 A method for performing wireless communication for a first device is illustrated based on an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 18 The embodiments described herein can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0337] refer to Figure 18Based on embodiments of this disclosure, in step S1810, for example, the first device may obtain information related to RS resources. In step S1820, for example, the first device may perform the transmission of the first RS based on the first RS resources within the time slot. For example, among the resources excluding those on which a second RS related to channel measurements is transmitted, the first RS resources within the time slot may be mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols.

[0338] Alternatively, the first RS may include a positioning reference signal (PRS).

[0339] Alternatively, in addition to (i) the resources on which a second RS related to channel measurements is transmitted, the first RS resource in a time slot may be mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols in one or more groups of symbols comprising a number greater than or equal to M consecutive symbols.

[0340] Alternatively, the second RS may include a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).

[0341] Alternatively, information related to RS resources may include information related to M.

[0342] Alternatively, RS resources may include resources within a shared resource pool that can be used for both Physical Side Link Shared Channel (PSSCH) transmission and Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) transmission.

[0343] Alternatively, the first RS resource in a time slot may be mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols, in addition to the resources on which the second RS related to channel measurements is excluded and the resources on which control information is excluded.

[0344] Alternatively, the first RS resource within a time slot may be mapped only after one or more symbols on which control information has been sent.

[0345] Alternatively, the first RS resource within a time slot may be mapped only after the last symbol of one or more symbols on which control information is transmitted.

[0346] Alternatively, the information related to RS resources may include the number of RS symbols, which are assumed to be the number of encoded modulation symbols used for transmission of side link control information (SCI) within a given time slot.

[0347] Alternatively, the number of coded modulation symbols for SCI transmission can be determined based on information related to the assumed number of RS symbols.

[0348] Alternatively, SCI transmission can be performed via the Physical Side Link Shared Channel (PSSCH).

[0349] The proposed method can be applied to apparatuses based on various embodiments of this disclosure. First, the memory 104 of the first apparatus 100 can store instructions that are executed by the processor 102, causing the first apparatus (e.g., processor 102, transceiver 106) to perform operations. For example, the operations may include: obtaining information related to reference signal (RS) resources; and / or performing the transmission of a first RS based on first RS resources within a time slot, wherein, (i) among resources excluding those on which a second RS related to channel measurements is transmitted, the first RS resources within a time slot can be mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols.

[0350] In an embodiment, a first device adapted to perform wireless communication is provided. The first device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform an operation. For example, the operation may include: obtaining information related to reference signal (RS) resources; and performing a transmission of a first RS based on a first RS resource within a time slot, wherein, (i) among resources excluding those on which a second RS related to channel measurements is transmitted, the first RS resource within the time slot may be mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols.

[0351] In an embodiment, a processing apparatus adapted to control a first device is provided. For example, the processing apparatus may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform an operation. For example, the operation may include: obtaining information related to reference signal (RS) resources; and performing the transmission of a first RS based on first RS resources within a time slot, wherein, (i) among resources excluding those on which a second RS related to channel measurements is transmitted, the first RS resources within the time slot may be mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols.

[0352] In an embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided for storing instructions. When executed, these instructions can cause a first device to perform operations. For example, the operations may include: obtaining information related to reference signal (RS) resources; and performing transmission of a first RS based on first RS resources within a time slot, whereby (i) resources excluding resources on which a second RS related to channel measurements is transmitted can be mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols.

[0353] Figure 19 A method for a second device to perform wireless communication is illustrated based on an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 19 The embodiments described herein can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0354] refer to Figure 19 Based on embodiments of this disclosure, in step S1910, for example, the second device may obtain information related to reference signal (RS) resources. In step S1920, for example, the second device may perform reception of the first RS based on the first RS resources within the time slot. For example, among the resources excluding those on which a second RS related to channel measurements is transmitted, the first RS resources within the time slot may be mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols.

[0355] Alternatively, the first RS may include a positioning reference signal (PRS).

[0356] Alternatively, in addition to (i) the resources on which a second RS related to channel measurements is transmitted, the first RS resource in a time slot may be mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols in one or more groups of symbols comprising a number greater than or equal to M consecutive symbols.

[0357] Alternatively, the second RS may include a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).

[0358] Alternatively, information related to RS resources may include information related to M.

[0359] Alternatively, RS resources may include resources within a shared resource pool that can be used for both Physical Side Link Shared Channel (PSSCH) transmission and Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) transmission.

[0360] Alternatively, the first RS resource in a time slot may be mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols, in addition to the resources on which the second RS related to channel measurements is excluded and the resources on which control information is excluded.

[0361] Alternatively, the first RS resource within a time slot may be mapped only after one or more symbols on which control information has been sent.

[0362] Alternatively, the first RS resource within a time slot may be mapped only after the last symbol of one or more symbols on which control information is transmitted.

[0363] Alternatively, the information related to RS resources may include the number of RS symbols, which are assumed to be the number of encoded modulation symbols used for transmission of side link control information (SCI) within a given time slot.

[0364] Alternatively, the number of coded modulation symbols for SCI transmission can be determined based on information related to the assumed number of RS symbols.

[0365] Alternatively, SCI transmission can be performed via the Physical Side Link Shared Channel (PSSCH).

[0366] The proposed method can be applied to apparatuses based on various embodiments of this disclosure. First, the memory 204 of the second apparatus 200 can store instructions that are executed by the processor 202, causing the second apparatus (e.g., processor 202, transceiver 206) to perform operations. For example, the operations may include: obtaining information related to reference signal (RS) resources; and / or performing reception of the first RS based on the first RS resources within a time slot, wherein, (i) among the resources on which resources related to channel measurements of the second RS are transmitted, the first RS resources within the time slot can be mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols.

[0367] In an embodiment, a second device adapted to perform wireless communication is provided. For example, the second device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second device to perform an operation. For example, the operation may include: obtaining information related to reference signal (RS) resources; and / or performing reception of a first RS based on first RS resources within a time slot, wherein, in (i) resources excluding those on which a second RS related to channel measurements is transmitted, the first RS resources within the time slot may be mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols.

[0368] In an embodiment, a processing apparatus (device) adapted to control a second device is provided. For example, the processing apparatus (device) may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, based on execution by the at least one processor, cause the second device to perform an operation. For example, the operation may include: obtaining information related to reference signal (RS) resources; and / or performing reception of a first RS based on first RS resources within a time slot, wherein, among resources excluding those on which a second RS related to channel measurements is transmitted, the first RS resources within the time slot may be mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols.

[0369] In an embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided to store instructions. When executed, these instructions can cause a second device to perform operations. For example, the operations may include: obtaining information related to reference signal (RS) resources; and / or performing reception of a first RS based on first RS resources within a time slot, wherein, among resources excluding those on which a second RS related to channel measurements is transmitted, the first RS resources within the time slot can be mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols.

[0370] The various embodiments disclosed herein can be combined with each other.

[0371] Hereinafter, apparatuses to which various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied will be described.

[0372] The various descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operating procedures described herein can be applied to, but are not limited to, various fields requiring wireless communication / connectivity between devices (e.g., 5G).

[0373] The following description will be given in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following drawings / description, unless otherwise described, the same reference numerals may denote the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or functional blocks.

[0374] Figure 20 A communication system 1 based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 20 The embodiments described herein can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0375] Reference Figure 20The communication system 1, which applies various embodiments of this disclosure, includes a wireless device, a base station (BS), and a network. Hereinafter, a wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a radio access technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G New RAT (NR) or Long Term Evolution (LTE)) and may be referred to as a communication / radio / 5G device. The wireless device may include, but is not limited to, a robot 100a, a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an extended reality (XR) device 100c, a handheld device 100d, a home appliance 100e, an Internet of Things (IoT) device 100f, and an artificial intelligence (AI) device / server 400. For example, a vehicle may include a vehicle with wireless communication capabilities, an autonomous vehicle, and a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication. Hereinafter, a vehicle may include an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone) and / or an aircraft (AV) (e.g., Advanced Air Mobility (AAM)). XR devices can include augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) / mixed reality (MR) devices and can be implemented in the form of head-mounted displays (HMDs), head-up displays (HUDs) installed in vehicles, televisions, smartphones, computers, wearable devices, home appliances, digital signage, vehicles, robots, etc. Handheld devices can include smartphones, smart tablets, wearable devices (e.g., smartwatches or smart glasses) and computers (e.g., laptops). Home appliances can include TVs, refrigerators, and washing machines. IoT devices can include sensors and smart meters. For example, the BS and network can be implemented as wireless devices, and a particular wireless device 200a can operate as a BS / network node relative to other wireless devices.

[0376] In addition to LTE, NR, and 6G, the wireless communication technologies implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of this disclosure may also include narrowband Internet of Things (IoT) for low-power communication. In this case, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technology and may be implemented as a standard such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the aforementioned names. Alternatively or additionally, the wireless communication technologies implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of this disclosure may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. In this case, as an example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN and may be referred to by various names including enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented as at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE Cat 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-bandwidth limited (non-BL), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE machine-type communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the aforementioned names. Alternatively or concurrently, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of this disclosure may include at least one of Bluetooth, Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN), and ZigBee, which takes into account low power communication, and is not limited to the aforementioned names. As an example, ZigBee technology may generate personal area networks (PANs) related to low / low power digital communication based on various standards including IEEE 802.15.4, and may be referred to by various names.

[0377] Wireless devices 100a to 100f can connect to network 300 via BS 200. AI technology can be applied to wireless devices 100a to 100f, and wireless devices 100a to 100f can connect to AI server 400 via network 300. Network 300 can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. Although wireless devices 100a to 100f can communicate with each other via BS 200 / network 300, wireless devices 100a to 100f can perform direct communication with each other (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the BS / network. For example, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 can perform direct communication (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) / vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.

[0378] Wireless communication / connections 150a, 150b, or 150c can be established between wireless devices 100a to 100f / BS 200 or BS200 / BS 200. Here, the wireless communication / connection can be established via various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication 150a, sidelink communication 150b (or D2D communication), or inter-BS communication (e.g., relay, access backhaul integration (IAB)). The wireless devices and BS / wireless devices can transmit / receive radio signals to / from each other via wireless communication / connections 150a and 150b. For example, wireless communication / connections 150a and 150b can transmit / receive signals via various physical channels. For this purpose, at least a portion of various configuration information configuration processes, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel coding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and resource mapping / demapping), and resource allocation processes for transmitting / receiving radio signals can be performed based on various proposals of this disclosure.

[0379] Figure 21 A wireless device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 21 The embodiments described herein can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0380] Reference Figure 21 The first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200 can transmit radio signals via various RATs (e.g., LTE and NR). In this document, {first wireless device 100 and second wireless device 200} can correspond to... Figure 20 The {Wireless Device 100x and BS200} and / or {Wireless Device 100x and Wireless Device 100x}.

[0381] The first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and may additionally include one or more transceivers 106 and / or one or more antennas 108. The processors 102 may control the memories 104 and / or the transceivers 106, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein. For example, the processors 102 may process information in the memories 104 to generate a first information / signal, and then transmit a radio signal including the first information / signal via the transceivers 106. The processors 102 may receive a radio signal including a second information / signal via the transceivers 106, and then store the information obtained by processing the second information / signal in the memories 104. One or more memories 104 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and may store various information relating to the operation of one or more processors 102. For example, one or more memories 104 may store software code including commands for performing part or all of the processing controlled by one or more processors 102 or for performing the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operational flows disclosed in this document. Here, one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). One or more transceivers 106 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via one or more antennas 108. Each transceiver 106 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. One or more transceivers 106 may be used interchangeably with one or more radio frequency (RF) units. In this disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0382] The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204, and may additionally include one or more transceivers 206 and / or one or more antennas 208. The processors 202 may control the memories 204 and / or the transceivers 206, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein. For example, the processors 202 may process information in the memories 204 to generate a third message / signal, and subsequently transmit a radio signal including the third message / signal via the transceivers 206. The processors 202 may receive a radio signal including a fourth message / signal via the transceivers 106, and then store the information obtained by processing the fourth message / signal in the memories 204. One or more memories 204 may be connected to one or more processors 202 and may store various information relating to the operation of one or more processors 202. For example, one or more memories 204 may store software code including commands for performing part or all of the processing controlled by one or more processors 202 or for performing the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operational flows disclosed in this document. Here, one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). One or more transceivers 206 may be connected to one or more processors 202 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via one or more antennas 208. Each transceiver 206 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. One or more transceivers 206 may be used interchangeably with one or more RF units. In this disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0383] The hardware components of wireless devices 100 and 200 will now be described in more detail. One or more protocol layers may be implemented, but are not limited to, by one or more processors 102 and 202. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP). One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) in accordance with the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information in accordance with the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information, in accordance with the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document, and provide the generated signals to one or more transceivers 106 and 206. One or more processors 102 and 202 may receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers 106 and 206, and acquire PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information in accordance with the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document.

[0384] One or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. One or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and such firmware or software may be configured to include modules, processes, or functions. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202 or stored in one or more memories 104 and 204, thereby being driven by one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operating procedures disclosed in this document can be implemented in software or firmware in the form of code, commands, and / or command sets.

[0385] One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202, and may store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and / or commands. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be composed of read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be located internally and / or externally to one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 via various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0386] One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the methods and / or operating procedures of this document to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operating procedures disclosed in this document from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and may transmit and receive radio signals. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may perform control such that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one or more other devices. One or more processors 102 and 202 may perform control such that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information, or radio signals from one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more antennas 108 and 208, and one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational procedures disclosed in this document through one or more antennas 108 and 208. In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert received radio signals / channels, etc., from RF band signals to baseband signals for processing using one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert the processed user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., from baseband signals to RF band signals using one or more processors 102 and 202. For this purpose, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0387] Figure 22 A signal processing circuit for transmitting signals based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 22 The embodiments described herein can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0388] Reference Figure 22 The signal processing circuit 1000 may include a scrambler 1010, a modulator 1020, a layer mapper 1030, a pre-encoder 1040, a resource mapper 1050, and a signal generator 1060. It can perform... Figure 22 The operation / functions, but not limited to Figure 21The processors (102, 202) and / or transceivers (106, 206) can be used. Figure 21 Implemented by processors (102, 202) and / or transceivers (106, 206) Figure 22 Hardware components. For example, it can be achieved through... Figure 21 The processors (102, 202) implement boxes 1010 to 1060. Alternatively, they can be implemented using... Figure 21 The processors (102, 202) implement boxes 1010 to 1050, and can be used to... Figure 21 The transceivers (106, 206) are used to implement the 1060 box.

[0389] Can be via Figure 22 The signal processing circuit 1000 converts codewords into radio signals. In this document, a codeword is a sequence of encoded bits for an information block. An information block may include a transmit block (e.g., a UL-SCH transmit block, a DL-SCH transmit block). Radio signals can be transmitted via various physical channels (e.g., PUSCH and PDSCH).

[0390] Specifically, the codeword can be converted into a scrambled bit sequence by scrambler 1010. The scrambling sequence used for scrambling can be generated based on an initial value, which may include the ID information of the wireless device. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by modulator 1020. The modulation scheme may include pi / 2-binary phase shift keying (pi / 2-BPSK), m-phase shift keying (m-PSK), and m-quadrature amplitude modulation (m-QAM). The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by layer mapper 1030. The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped (pre-encoded) to (one or more) corresponding antenna ports by pre-encoder 1040. The output z of pre-encoder 1040 can be obtained by multiplying the output y of layer mapper 1030 with N. The M precoding matrix W is obtained by multiplying the two matrices. Here, N is the number of antenna ports, and M is the number of transmit layers. The precoder 1040 can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT) for complex modulation symbols. Alternatively, the precoder 1040 can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0391] Resource mapper 1050 maps modulation symbols for each antenna port to time-frequency resources. Time-frequency resources may include multiple symbols in the time domain (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols and DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. Signal generator 1060 can generate radio signals from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated radio signals can be transmitted to other devices via each antenna. For this purpose, signal generator 1060 may include an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) module, a cyclic prefix (CP) inserter, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and an up-converter.

[0392] Able to be with Figure 22 The signal processing procedures (1010~1060) are configured in reverse order for the signal processing procedures used to receive signals in a wireless device. For example, a wireless device (e.g., Figure 21 The receiver (e.g., 100, 200) can receive radio signals from the outside via the antenna port / transceiver. The received radio signals can be converted into baseband signals using a signal recovery unit. For this purpose, the signal recovery unit may include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) module. Next, the baseband signals can be recovered into codewords through a resource demapping process, a post-encoding process, a demodulation processor, and a descrambling process. The codewords can be recovered into the original information blocks through decoding. Therefore, the signal processing circuitry (not illustrated) used for receiving signals may include a signal recovery unit, a resource demapping unit, a post-encoder, a demodulator, a descrambler, and a decoder.

[0393] Figure 23 Another example of a wireless device based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. The wireless device can be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service (see reference). Figure 20 ). Figure 23 The embodiments described herein can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0394] Reference Figure 23 The wireless devices (100, 200) can correspond to Figure 21 The wireless devices (100, 200) can be configured using various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules. For example, each of the wireless devices (100, 200) may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a storage unit 130, and an additional component 140. The communication unit may include a communication circuit 112 and (one or more) transceivers 114. For example, the communication circuit 112 may include... Figure 21 One or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204). For example, transceiver 114 may include one or more transceivers. Figure 21The device comprises one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108, 208). The control unit 120 is electrically connected to the communication unit 110, the memory 130, and the add-on components 140, and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit 120 may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on programs / code / commands / information stored in the memory unit 130. The control unit 120 may transmit information stored in the memory unit 130 to an external source (e.g., another communication device) via the communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface, or store information received from an external source (e.g., another communication device) via the communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit 130.

[0395] The add-on component 140 can be configured in various ways depending on the type of wireless device. For example, the add-on component 140 may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output (I / O) unit, a drive unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device can be implemented in, but is not limited to, the following forms: robot ( Figure 20 100a), vehicles ( Figure 20 100b-1 and 100b-2), XR device ( Figure 20 100c), handheld device ( Figure 20 100d), home appliances ( Figure 20 100e), IoT devices ( Figure 20 100f), digital broadcasting terminals, holographic devices, public safety devices, MTC devices, medical devices, fintech devices (or financial devices), security devices, climate / environmental devices, AI servers / devices ( Figure 20 400), BS ( Figure 20 (e.g., 200), network nodes, etc. Depending on the use case / service, wireless devices can be used in mobile or fixed locations.

[0396] exist Figure 23In the wireless devices (100, 200), all various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules can be connected to each other via wired interfaces, or at least partially connected wirelessly via communication unit 110. For example, in each of the wireless devices (100, 200), control unit 120 and communication unit 110 can be connected via a wired connection, and control unit 120 and first units (e.g., 130, 140) can be wirelessly connected via communication unit 110. Each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within the wireless devices (100, 200) may also include one or more elements. For example, control unit 120 may be constructed using a collection of one or more processors. As an example, control unit 120 may be constructed using a collection of communication control processors, application processors, electronic control units (ECUs), graphics processing units, and memory control processors. As another example, memory 130 may be constructed using random access memory (RAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, and / or combinations thereof.

[0397] The implementation will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 23 Examples.

[0398] Figure 24 A handheld device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. The handheld device may include a smartphone, smartpad, wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch or smart glasses), or portable computer (e.g., a laptop). The handheld device may be referred to as a mobile station (MS), user terminal (UT), mobile subscriber station (MSS), subscriber station (SS), advanced mobile station (AMS), or wireless terminal (WT). Figure 24 The embodiments described herein can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0399] Reference Figure 24 The handheld device 100 may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a storage unit 130, a power supply unit 140a, an interface unit 140b, and an I / O unit 140c. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as part of the communication unit 110. Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c correspond to... Figure 23 The frame is 110 to 130 / 140.

[0400] Communication unit 110 can send and receive signals (e.g., data signals and control signals) to and from other wireless devices or BSs. Control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling the constituent elements of handheld device 100. Control unit 120 may include an application processor (AP). Storage unit 130 can store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands required to drive handheld device 100. Storage unit 130 can store input / output data / information. Power supply unit 140a can supply power to handheld device 100 and includes wired / wireless charging circuitry, battery, etc. Interface unit 140b can support connection of handheld device 100 to other external devices. Interface unit 140b may include various ports for connecting to external devices (e.g., audio I / O ports and video I / O ports). I / O unit 140c can input or output user-input video information / signals, audio information / signals, data and / or information. I / O unit 140c may include a camera, microphone, user input unit, display unit 140d, speaker and / or haptic module.

[0401] For example, in the case of data communication, I / O unit 140c can acquire user input information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, or video), and the acquired information / signals can be stored in storage unit 130. Communication unit 110 can convert the information / signals stored in the memory into radio signals and transmit the converted radio signals directly to other wireless devices or to the BS. Communication unit 110 can receive radio signals from other wireless devices or the BS, and then recover the received radio signals into the original information / signals. The recovered information / signals can be stored in storage unit 130 and can be output in various types (e.g., text, voice, image, video, or haptic feedback) through I / O unit 140.

[0402] Figure 25 Vehicles or autonomous vehicles based on embodiments of this disclosure are shown. Vehicles or autonomous vehicles can be implemented using mobile robots, cars, trains, manned / unmanned aerial vehicles (AVs), ships, etc. Figure 25 The embodiments described herein can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0403] Reference Figure 25 The vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 may include an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a drive unit 140a, a power supply unit 140b, a sensor unit 140c, and an autonomous driving unit 140d. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as part of the communication unit 110. Blocks 110 / 130 / 140a to 140d correspond to... Figure 23 The frame size is 110 / 130 / 140.

[0404] Communication unit 110 can send and receive signals (e.g., data signals and control signals) to and from external devices such as other vehicles, BS (e.g., gNB and roadside units), and servers. Control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling elements of the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100. Control unit 120 may include electronic control unit (ECU). Drive unit 140a can cause the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 to move on the road. Drive unit 140a may include engine, motor, transmission system, wheels, brakes, steering system, etc. Power supply unit 140b can supply power to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 and may include wired / wireless charging circuits, batteries, etc. Sensor unit 140c can acquire vehicle status, external environment information, user information, etc. Sensor unit 140c may include inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors, collision sensors, wheel sensors, speed sensors, slope sensors, weight sensors, heading sensors, position modules, vehicle forward / reverse sensors, battery sensors, fuel sensors, tire sensors, steering sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, ultrasonic sensors, lighting sensors, pedal position sensors, etc. The autonomous driving unit 140d can implement technologies for maintaining the vehicle's lane, technologies for automatically adjusting speed (e.g., adaptive cruise control), technologies for autonomously driving along a defined path, and technologies for automatically setting a path when a destination is set.

[0405] For example, communication unit 110 can receive map data, traffic information data, etc., from an external server. Autonomous driving unit 140d can generate autonomous driving paths and driving plans from the acquired data. Control unit 120 can control drive unit 140a, enabling the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 to move along the autonomous driving path according to the driving plan (e.g., speed / direction control). During autonomous driving, communication unit 110 can periodically or non-periodically acquire the latest traffic information data from an external server and acquire surrounding traffic information data from neighboring vehicles. During autonomous driving, sensor unit 140c can acquire vehicle status and / or surrounding environment information. Autonomous driving unit 140d can update the autonomous driving path and driving plan based on newly acquired data / information. Communication unit 110 can transmit information about vehicle location, autonomous driving path, and / or driving plan to an external server. The external server can predict traffic information data using AI technology, etc., based on information collected from the vehicle or autonomous vehicle, and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle.

[0406] The claims in this specification can be combined in various ways. For example, technical features in the method claims can be combined to implement or perform in a device, and technical features in the device claims can be combined to implement or perform in a method. Additionally, technical features in one or more method claims and one or more device claims can be combined to implement or perform in a device.

Claims

1. A method for performing wireless communication by a first device, the method comprising: Obtain information related to reference signal (RS) resources; as well as The transmission of the first RS is performed based on the first RS resource within the time slot. Among the resources (i) on which the second RS related to channel measurement is excluded, the first RS resource in the time slot is mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first RS includes a positioning reference signal (PRS).

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, In (i) the resources on which the second RS related to the channel measurement is excluded, the first RS resource in the time slot is mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols in one or more groups of symbols comprising a number greater than or equal to M.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The second RS includes a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Information related to the RS resource includes information related to M.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The RS resources include resources within the shared resource pool that can be used for both Physical Side Link Shared Channel (PSSCH) transmission and Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) transmission.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Among the resources excluded from transmitting the second RS related to the channel measurement and the resources excluded from transmitting control information, the first RS resource in the time slot is mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first RS resource within the time slot is mapped only after one or more symbols of control information have been sent on it.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein, The first RS resource within the time slot is mapped only after the last symbol of the one or more symbols on which the control information is transmitted.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Information related to the RS resources includes information related to the number of RS symbols, which are assumed to be the number of encoded modulation symbols used for the transmission of side link control information (SCI) within a given time slot.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein, The number of coded modulation symbols used for the transmission of the SCI is determined based on information related to the assumed number of RS symbols.

12. The method according to claim 10, wherein, The SCI is transmitted via the Physical Side Link Shared Channel (PSSCH).

13. A first means adapted to perform wireless communication, the first means comprising: At least one transceiver; At least one processor; as well as At least one memory, connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to cause the first device to perform an operation, the operation including: To obtain information related to reference signal (RS) resources; and The transmission of the first RS is performed based on the first RS resource within the time slot. Among the resources (i) on which the second RS related to channel measurement is excluded, the first RS resource in the time slot is mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols.

14. A processing apparatus adapted to control a first device, the processing apparatus comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one memory, connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to cause the first device to perform an operation, the operation including: To obtain information related to reference signal (RS) resources; and The transmission of the first RS is performed based on the first RS resource within the time slot. Among the resources (i) on which the second RS related to channel measurement is excluded, the first RS resource in the time slot is mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols.

15. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions, said instructions, when executed, cause a first means to perform an operation, said operation comprising: Obtain information related to reference signal (RS) resources; as well as The transmission of the first RS is performed based on the first RS resource within the time slot. Among the resources (i) on which the second RS related to channel measurement is excluded, the first RS resource in the time slot is mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols.

16. A method for performing wireless communication by a second device, the method comprising: Obtain information related to reference signal (RS) resources; as well as The reception of the first RS is performed based on the first RS resource within the time slot. Among the resources (i) on which the second RS related to channel measurement is excluded, the first RS resource in the time slot is mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols.

17. A second means adapted to perform wireless communication, the second means comprising: At least one transceiver; At least one processor; as well as At least one memory, connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to cause the second device to perform an operation, the operation including: To obtain information related to reference signal (RS) resources; and The reception of the first RS is performed based on the first RS resource within the time slot. Among the resources (i) on which the second RS related to channel measurement is excluded, the first RS resource in the time slot is mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols.

18. A processing apparatus adapted to control a second device, the processing apparatus comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one memory, connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to cause the second device to perform an operation, the operation including: To obtain information related to reference signal (RS) resources; and The reception of the first RS is performed based on the first RS resource within the time slot. Among the resources (i) on which the second RS related to channel measurement is excluded, the first RS resource in the time slot is mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols.

19. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions, said instructions, when executed, cause a second means to perform an operation, said operation comprising: Obtain information related to reference signal (RS) resources; as well as The reception of the first RS is performed based on the first RS resource within the time slot. Among the resources (i) on which the second RS related to channel measurement is excluded, the first RS resource in the time slot is mapped to (ii) the last M consecutive symbols.

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