Bridge plug displacement measuring device and process method

Abstract

The invention discloses a bridge plug displacement measuring device and process method, and belongs to the technical field of fracturing monitoring equipment.The device comprises a shell and a monitoring assembly, the shell serves as a throwing ball and is used for sealing a bridge plug, and the monitoring assembly comprises an acceleration sensor, a controller, a storage, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a gyroscope; the acceleration sensor monitors acceleration, the controller receives and processes signals, the storage stores processed data, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor monitor temperature and pressure respectively, and the gyroscope monitors angle changes. The process method comprises the following steps: putting the bridge plug displacement measuring device into a well, setting the bridge plug displacement measuring device in a bridge plug, and measuring; or a wake-up time period is set, and when the wake-up time is up, the device enters a wake-up state for measurement; and meanwhile, fracturing construction is performed. The displacement condition of the bridge plug can be determined and used for judging the fracturing effect and the quality of the bridge plug, the fracturing test requirement is met, and the test efficiency is high; meanwhile, operation is easy, construction cost is low, and testing instrument parts can be recycled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of fracturing monitoring equipment, and in particular relates to a bridge plug displacement measuring device and process method. Background Technology

[0002] With the improvement and refinement of horizontal well technology and fracturing technology, the segmented fracturing process for horizontal wells has gradually matured, becoming one of the important measures for increasing production in low-permeability oil and gas reservoirs, with broad prospects for field application. Bridge plugs are one of the core tools in multi-stage volumetric fracturing of horizontal wells. By installing bridge plugs in the wellbore, the well section is divided into multiple smaller segments, and fracturing is then performed on each segment, thereby increasing oil and gas production capacity. The application of this technology can effectively improve reservoir productivity and increase oil and gas recovery rates, which has significant economic implications.

[0003] As the length of the horizontal section in oil and gas wells increases, the drilling difficulty of traditional drillable bridge plugs increases. Dissolvable bridge plugs, however, can dissolve in the flowback fluid after fracturing, better meeting the production needs of oil and gas wells and have become the primary plugging tool for horizontal well fracturing. During fracturing, improper operation, equipment failure, or pressure from fracturing fluid can cause bridge plug displacement, resulting in unsatisfactory stratification and severely impacting the quality of stratified fracturing, thus reducing reservoir productivity.

[0004] Currently, there is no feasible way to monitor the position of the bridge plug in fracturing. Since fracturing has operational requirements for the position of the bridge plug, there is an urgent need for a technology that can monitor the position of the bridge plug to determine the degree of displacement, analyze the cause of the displacement, and take corresponding measures to ensure that the bridge plug can be correctly positioned and fixed to seal the current production layer and realize the production of oil and gas in the oil and gas well. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application aims to solve the technical problem of bridge plug displacement monitoring to at least a certain extent. To this end, this application provides a bridge plug displacement measuring device and process method, which can determine the bridge plug displacement and thus determine whether the bridge plug is in good condition. This is used to judge the fracturing effect and bridge plug quality, meet the fracturing test requirements, and has high testing efficiency. At the same time, it is simple to operate, has low construction cost, and can recover test instrument parts.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a bridge plug displacement measuring device, which includes: a housing and a monitoring component fixed inside the housing. The housing serves as a ball for sealing the bridge plug. The monitoring component includes an acceleration sensor, a controller, and a memory. The acceleration sensor is used to monitor its own acceleration. The controller is used to receive and process the monitoring signal from the acceleration sensor. The memory is used to store the data processed by the controller.

[0007] In an alternative embodiment, the housing is made of a soluble metal, the housing is spherical, and the outer diameter of the housing is larger than the inner diameter of the bridge plug but smaller than the outer diameter of the bridge plug.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the soluble metal is a magnesium-aluminum alloy.

[0009] In an alternative embodiment, the housing includes a cover, a main compartment, and a seal, wherein the cover and the main compartment are combined into a sphere, and the seal is filled between the cover and the main compartment.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the memory is detachably connected inside the casing, allowing it to be independently separated under fluid pressure. The memory is encapsulated in a resin material with a density of less than 1.0 g / cm³. 3 .

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the monitoring component further includes a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, which are used to monitor temperature and pressure signals respectively, and transmit the temperature and pressure signals to the controller for processing into temperature and pressure data. The memory is capable of storing the temperature and pressure data processed by the controller.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the monitoring component further includes a gyroscope, which is fixed inside the housing and electrically connected to the controller.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the monitoring component further includes an instrument integration board and a battery pack. The instrument integration board is integrated with the acceleration sensor, controller, and battery pack. The instrument integration board is detachably connected to the memory. The battery pack is electrically connected to the acceleration sensor, controller, and memory, respectively.

[0014] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a process method for a bridge plug displacement measuring device, comprising:

[0015] Before fracturing, the aforementioned bridge plug displacement measuring device is inserted into the well and sealed to the bridge plug;

[0016] During fracturing operations, signals are monitored by monitoring components, and the controller processes the signals into data and stores them in memory.

[0017] In an optional implementation, it also includes:

[0018] Before deploying the bridge plug displacement measuring device into the well, a wake-up time period is set for the bridge plug displacement measuring device so that the wake-up time period corresponds to the designed fracturing operation process; before the fracturing operation, the bridge plug displacement measuring device is in a non-wake-up state.

[0019] When the wake-up time is reached, the bridge plug displacement measuring device enters the wake-up state, and the monitoring component monitors the signal.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, the monitoring component further includes a pressure sensor for monitoring pressure signals and transmitting the pressure signals to the controller. After the bridge plug displacement measuring device enters the wake-up state, when the controller detects that the pressure increase rate is greater than or equal to the set threshold, the acceleration sensor starts to work. Then the controller performs integral calculation on the acceleration signal to obtain the bridge plug displacement data and stores the displacement data in the memory.

[0021] In an optional implementation, it also includes:

[0022] Before deploying the bridge plug displacement measurement device, multiple bridge plug displacement measurement devices are numbered to correspond to the well number, bridge plug, and fracturing section, and the corresponding numbers are recorded in the memory.

[0023] Before fracturing, the first bridge plug is first lowered into the first preset position in the well, then the perforation process is performed, and then the above process method is executed.

[0024] After the fracturing operation is completed, the next bridge plug is lowered into the second preset position in the well. The process of lowering the bridge plug, perforating, sealing the bridge plug, and fracturing is repeated until the fracturing operation of all fracturing sections in the well is completed.

[0025] In an optional embodiment, the bridge plug is made of a soluble metal material, and the process further includes:

[0026] After the fracturing operation is completed and the shell and bridge plug are dissolved, the flowback operation is carried out, and the storage device is discharged to the wellhead along with the flowback fluid;

[0027] The memory is removed from the ground and connected to a readable device. The serial number is identified, data is acquired, and the shift is analyzed.

[0028] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0029] 1. The device of this application uses the housing as a ball-throwing device. Based on the principle of ball-throwing and sealing, the housing seals the bridge plug. After sealing, the housing and bridge plug are combined together. By monitoring the displacement of the housing itself, the displacement of the bridge plug can be monitored. The acceleration of the housing can be monitored by an acceleration sensor. The signal is transmitted to the controller for processing and stored in the memory, thereby determining the displacement of the bridge plug. This determines whether the sealing status of the bridge plug is intact, which is used to judge the fracturing effect and the quality of the bridge plug, meeting the fracturing test requirements. The use of sensor monitoring results in high testing efficiency.

[0030] 2. The method of this application, by setting the wake-up time period of the bridge plug displacement measuring device, can determine the start and end time of the monitoring by the bridge plug displacement measuring device. Before fracturing operation, the bridge plug is sealed by ball dropping, and at this time it is in a non-wake-up state. The bridge plug displacement measuring device is only woken up when the operation time is reached. This can be coordinated with the fracturing operation process. During the fracturing operation, the data of the bridge plug displacement measuring device is monitored to obtain the data of the bridge plug, and then the data is stored in the memory. Then, the bridge plug status can be understood through the memory later. The operation is simple and the construction cost is low. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments and drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the bridge plug displacement measuring device of the present invention is shown;

[0033] Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a BB (Baby Window) diagram;

[0034] Figure 3 A schematic diagram AA shows another embodiment of the bridge plug displacement measuring device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the bridge plug displacement measuring device of the present invention is shown;

[0036] Figure 5 A half-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the bridge plug of the present invention is shown;

[0037] Figure 6 A schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention in horizontal well fracturing operations is shown;

[0038] Reference numerals: 100, bridge plug displacement measuring device; 110, housing; 110a, pressure guide hole; 111, cover; 112, main compartment; 120, monitoring component; 121, instrument integration board; 122, acceleration sensor; 123, controller; 124, memory; 125, battery pack; 126, temperature sensor; 127, pressure sensor; 128, gyroscope; 130, seal; 200, bridge plug; 300, horizontal well. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0041] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] Furthermore, in this invention, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0043] This application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1According to a first aspect of this application, a bridge plug displacement measuring device is provided, comprising: a housing 110 and a monitoring component 120 fixed within the housing 110. The housing 110 is a closed structure with an internal cavity, and the monitoring component 120 is installed within the cavity. The housing 110 is used to seal the bridge plug 200, and the shape of the housing 110 matches the inner edge of the ball seat at the upper end of the bridge plug 200, so that the housing 110 can seal the bridge plug 200. The monitoring component 120 includes an acceleration sensor 122, a controller 123, and a memory 124. The acceleration sensor 122 is electrically connected to the controller 123. The controller 123 and memory 124 are electrically connected. The accelerometer 122, controller 123 and memory 124 are all fixed in the housing 110 by a patch method. The accelerometer 122 and memory 124 are electrically connected to the controller 123. The controller 123 is a microcontroller, but other devices can also be used. The accelerometer 122 is used to monitor its own acceleration and acquire it in the form of an acceleration signal. The controller 123 is used to receive the monitoring signal of the accelerometer 122 and process it. The accelerometer 122 transmits the acceleration signal to the controller 123.

[0045] The controller 123 can set the working time period of the accelerometer 122, allowing it to operate within the set time and then standby, acquiring acceleration signals when a signal is detected. The controller 123 stores a program for quadratic integration, enabling calculations. Upon receiving the acceleration signal, the controller 123 performs quadratic integration to obtain the displacement data of the bridge plug 200 within the monitored signal time period. Since the data volume of parameters such as acceleration is tens of thousands of times greater than that of ordinary temperature and pressure data, storing the raw acceleration data would require an extremely large capacity; therefore, it must be processed by the controller 123 before storage. The memory 124 is used to store the data processed by the controller 123. According to the controller 123, the displacement data is transmitted to the memory 124 for storage. The accelerometer 122 mainly measures whether the housing 110 is displaced during the fracturing operation. Since the housing 110 is sealed to the bridge plug 200, the displacement of the bridge plug 200 can be reflected by monitoring the housing 110. In order to obtain the state of the bridge plug 200 more accurately, the accelerometer 122 adopts a triaxial accelerometer. The triaxial accelerometer can comprehensively and accurately reflect the motion characteristics of the bridge plug 200, thereby realizing the judgment of the displacement of the bridge plug 200. In this way, the displacement of the bridge plug 200 can be monitored while the target layer is being plugged, thereby improving the quality of the layered fracturing operation.

[0046] Current technology lacks a feasible monitoring technique for the displacement of the bridge plug 200 during fracturing. Since the bridge plug 200 must remain sealed during fracturing to prevent pressure loss and subsequent fracturing failure or inadequate results, the inability to seal is primarily due to uncertainties in its installation, such as loose sleeve fixing, faulty bridge plug sleeve quality and position, insufficient compression distance, etc. The bridge plug 200 may not be in its optimal position downhole. Without understanding its position, improvements cannot be made for subsequent fracturing operations and pressure operations, leading to suboptimal results. Therefore, monitoring the bridge plug 200 position during fracturing is necessary, but current technology cannot achieve this. This application uses the housing 110 as a ball, which, based on the principle of ball-setting and sealing, seals the bridge plug 200. After sealing, the housing 110 and the bridge plug 200 are combined together. By monitoring the displacement of the housing 110 itself, the displacement of the bridge plug 200 can be monitored. The acceleration sensor 122 can monitor the acceleration of the housing 110, transmit the signal to the controller 123 for processing and storage in the memory 124, thereby determining the displacement of the bridge plug 200. This allows for the determination of whether the sealing state of the bridge plug 200 is intact, which is used to judge the fracturing effect and the quality of the bridge plug 200, meeting the fracturing test requirements. The use of sensor monitoring results in high testing efficiency.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 2 In an optional embodiment, the shell 110 is made of a soluble metal and is spherical. It is used to seal the bridge plug 200 before fracturing. The outer diameter of the shell 110 is larger than the inner diameter of the bridge plug 200 but smaller than its outer diameter. The shell 110 is used in conjunction with the bridge plug 200, which is made of a soluble metal material that can dissolve downhole. This soluble metal material is a magnesium alloy, such as a magnesium-aluminum alloy. The magnesium-aluminum ratio only needs to ensure solubility in water. The soluble metal reacts with water for a relatively long time, and the entire dissolution process is slow. It is crucial to ensure that the dissolution time of the soluble metal meets the requirements of the fracturing operation; the time cannot be less than the fracturing operation time, nor can it be too long, affecting fracturing flowback. By inserting the casing 110 downhole, it can be stuck at one end of the bridge plug 200. Due to the outer diameter setting of the casing 110, the bridge plug 200 can be sealed precisely, maintaining pressure isolation at both ends of the bridge plug 200, thus achieving the sealing of the fracturing operation. After the fracturing operation is completed, the casing 110 and the bridge plug 200 are completely dissolved. The entire dissolution process is relatively slow. After a large amount or complete dissolution, the flowback operation is carried out, and the monitoring component 120 inside the casing 110 is flowed back with the fracturing fluid.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 3In an optional embodiment, the housing 110 includes a cover 111, a main compartment 112, and a seal 130. The cover 111 and the main compartment 112 are combined to form a sphere. The cover 111 and the main compartment 112 can be connected by threads or by other methods. The seal 130 is filled between the cover 111 and the main compartment 112. The outer sides of the cover 111 and the main compartment 112 are each hemispherical, and the two hemispherical structures are combined to form a sphere. The inner sides of the cover 111 and the main compartment 112 are recessed, thus forming a sphere. The structure has an internal cavity that facilitates the installation of the monitoring component 120. The cavity can be cuboid, spherical, or other shapes. A sealing element 130 and a matching arc-shaped groove are provided at the circumference where the cover 111 and the main compartment 112 meet. Both the cover 111 and the main compartment 112 have arc-shaped grooves. The sealing element 130 is annular and fits into the groove. The sealing element 130 is a sealing ring, such as a rubber ring. The sealing element 130 seals the cover 111 and the main compartment 112, thus isolating the cavity from the outside.

[0049] In an optional embodiment, the memory 124 is detachably connected inside the housing 110. For example, one side of the memory 124 is provided with a soluble metal, and this side of the memory 124 is fixed to the instrument integration plate 121 inside the housing 110 by a patch, or the memory 124 is directly attached to the inner wall of the housing 110. In this way, when the housing 110 dissolves and the memory 124 is surrounded by fracturing fluid, the memory 124 can be detached. This allows the memory 124 to be separated independently under the action of fluid. The memory 124 can be wrapped with resin material with a density of less than 1.0 g / cm3. Using the above-mentioned resin material can significantly reduce the density. Since the memory 124 is generally small in size, the entire memory 124 and the wrapping material can float on the surface of the liquid, making it easy to find the memory 124 when returning to the wellhead.

[0050] In an optional embodiment, the monitoring component 120 also includes a temperature sensor 126 and a pressure sensor 127, both of which are sensors capable of withstanding formation temperature and pressure. When using the pressure sensor 127, a pressure guiding hole 110a penetrating through the inside and outside of the housing 110 is also required. For example, pressure guiding holes 110a are provided in both the cover 111 and the main compartment 112. The position of the pressure guiding hole 110a corresponds to the position of the pressure sensor 127. Specifically, the two pressure guiding holes 110a are located at the top and bottom ends of the housing 110, respectively. Two pressure sensors 127 are provided, also located at the top and bottom ends of the internal space of the housing 110 in the figure. The pressure sensor 127 is closely attached to the inner wall of the cover 111 and the main compartment 112, so that the pressure guiding hole 110a only connects to the pressure sensor 127 and does not connect to the inside of the housing 110. Through the pressure guiding hole 110a, the pressure sensor 127 can monitor the formation environmental pressure outside the housing 110. Temperature sensor 126 and pressure sensor 127 are electrically connected to controller 123, respectively, to monitor temperature and pressure signals and transmit them to controller 123. Controller 123 then processes the temperature and pressure signals into temperature and pressure data. Memory 124 can store the temperature and pressure data processed by controller 123. This principle is the same as that of acceleration sensor 122. Temperature sensor 126 and pressure sensor 127 can measure the changes in temperature and pressure around the well during the fracturing operation of bridge plug 200. In an optional embodiment, the monitoring component 120 further includes a gyroscope 128, which is fixed inside the housing 110 or can be installed on the instrument integration board 121. The gyroscope 128 is electrically connected to the controller 123. The gyroscope 128 can measure angular velocity signals and then send the angular velocity signals to the controller 123. The controller 123 integrates the angular velocity signals, processes them into angle change values, and finally stores them in the memory 124. To improve accuracy and monitoring precision, the gyroscope 128 is a three-axis gyroscope, which can simultaneously measure position, movement trajectory, and acceleration in six directions. A conventional gyroscope 128 can also be used.

[0051] In an optional embodiment, the monitoring component 120 further includes an instrument integration board 121 and a battery pack 125. The instrument integration board 121 is integrated with the acceleration sensor 122, the controller 123, and the battery pack 125. For example, the acceleration sensor 122, the controller 123, and the battery pack 125 are integrated on the instrument integration board 121. The instrument integration board 121 is detachably connected to the memory 124. For example, the memory 124 is attached to the instrument integration board 121 in a patch manner, and the adhesion force is small. Under the action of fracturing fluid flow, the adhesion between the memory 124 and the instrument integration board 121 can be maintained. When disconnected, the battery pack 125 is electrically connected to the accelerometer 122, the controller 123, and the memory 124 respectively. The battery pack 125 is composed of multiple batteries arranged in parallel. The battery pack 125 supplies power to the accelerometer 122, the controller 123, and the memory 124. In an optional embodiment, the battery pack 125 is also electrically connected to the temperature sensor 126, the pressure sensor 127, and the gyroscope 128, respectively, and supplies power to them. The temperature sensor 126 and the pressure sensor 127 are integrated on the instrument integration board 121, and the gyroscope 128 is fixed to the instrument integration board 121 by adhesive or screws.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 4 The bridge plug displacement measuring device 100 of this application was used for fracturing operations in a horizontal well 300. The testing procedure is as follows:

[0053] Bridge plugs 200 are lowered into predetermined positions in the horizontal sections of the horizontal well 300 according to the fracturing design requirements. After perforation, spherical bridge plug displacement measuring devices 100 are deployed to each bridge plug 200 to achieve sealing. When fracturing begins, the bridge plug displacement measuring device 100 enters a wake-up period to sample the state of the bridge plugs 200, read the signal from the acceleration sensor 122, and store the data in the memory 124 of the bridge plug displacement measuring device 100. After perforation and fracturing, each horizontal section is opened. The bridge plugs 200 and the housing 110 of the bridge plug displacement measuring device 100 dissolve downhole after a certain period of time, allowing water to enter. During the flowback stage of the 300-meter fracturing fluid in the horizontal well, the downhole fluid reaches the wellhead under the action of formation pressure. The storage device 124 flows back to the surface through the wellhead nozzle and enters the surface oil production pipeline. The diameter of the wellhead nozzle is about 8mm. The size of the storage device 124 is less than a certain value of 8mm, such as 6mm or 7.5mm. During the flowback of the fracturing fluid, because the density of the storage device 124 on the instrument integration plate 121 inside the bridge plug displacement measuring device 100 is less than that of the fracturing fluid, it is carried back to the wellhead by the fracturing fluid. Finally, the test data of the storage device 124 is read by the computer equipment to obtain the displacement signal of each bridge plug displacement measuring device 100.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6The second aspect of this application provides a process method for a bridge plug displacement measuring device, which includes lowering the bridge plug 200, perforation, and ball dropping operations in different target sections of different wells throughout the fracturing process, as well as fracturing operations, as detailed below:

[0055] S0. Before fracturing, determine the expected depth of the bridge plug 200 based on the target formation of each well. Run the first bridge plug 200 to the first preset position in the well. Specifically, run the bridge plug 200 to a relatively deep position, adjust the depth, and then lift the bridge plug 200 to the first preset position to be sealed. Different preset positions are determined according to the fracturing design requirements. Each bridge plug 200 must be run to the corresponding preset position. Then, run the perforation tool into the well for perforation. Specifically, on the surface, connect the cable tail to the perforation gun and the soluble bridge plug 200 in sequence. Run the tool string into the well. After reaching the high-angle section, pressurize and pump the tool string to the target formation. Lift the tool string to the perforation position and then complete the multi-cluster perforation on the surface. Then, execute the process methods of steps S1-S4 below. Simultaneously with step S4, perform fracturing.

[0056] S1. Before deploying the bridge plug displacement measuring device 100, the multiple bridge plug displacement measuring devices 100 are numbered to correspond to the well number, bridge plug 200 and fracturing segment, respectively. Each bridge plug 200 corresponds to a specific target segment downhole, and the corresponding number is recorded in the memory 124. The number of multiple bridge plug displacement measuring devices 100 matches the number of bridge plugs 200 to be deployed. Each bridge plug 200 measuring device must be numbered and the number is written into the memory 124.

[0057] S2. A bridge plug displacement measuring device 100 can be used to continuously monitor the downhole parameters, such as continuously monitoring the acceleration. In this case, power consumption and storage space are not considered. In an optional embodiment, considering power consumption and storage space of the memory 124, the wake-up time period of the bridge plug displacement measuring device 100 is set so that the wake-up time period corresponds to the designed fracturing operation process. The program for setting the wake-up time period is written into the controller 123. The wake-up time period includes the wake-up time point, the end time point, and the time interval between wake-up and end. Since the wake-up time period corresponds to the fracturing operation, the wake-up time point is at least before the fracturing operation, so that the bridge plug displacement measuring device 100 can perform sampling measurement and recording when the fracturing operation begins. That is, the working time of the bridge plug displacement measuring device 100 is the sampling time for the fracturing operation.

[0058] S3. Before fracturing, the bridge plug displacement measuring device 100 is lowered into the well. Since the outer diameter of the housing 110 is smaller than the outer diameter of the bridge plug 200 but larger than the inner diameter of the bridge plug 200, the housing 110 can seal the bridge plug 200. The bridge plug displacement measuring device 100 is lowered to the upper ball seat of the bridge plug 200 by pumping, sealing the internal space of the central tube of the bridge plug 200 and isolating both ends of the bridge plug 200 to achieve plugging. The bridge plug displacement measuring device 100 is in a non-awakening state, that is, the monitoring component 120 enters sleep mode. At this time, the accelerometer 122, temperature sensor 126, pressure sensor 127 and gyroscope 128 are not working, which can save the power of the bridge plug displacement measuring device 100 and the storage space of the memory 124.

[0059] S4. Upon reaching the wake-up time, the bridge plug displacement measuring device 100 enters the wake-up state and simultaneously performs fracturing operations, which are conventional fracturing processes. The monitoring component 120 monitors signals, including acceleration, temperature changes, pressure changes, and angular velocity. Temperature, pressure, and angular velocity signals are continuously monitored. The acquired signals are transmitted to the controller 123, which processes the signals into data and stores them in the memory 124. For acceleration, the controller 123 performs integral calculations on the acceleration signal. These integral calculations are standard mathematical calculations. Displacement data is obtained through integration within the wake-up time period. The calculation program is stored in the controller 123, which then transmits the displacement data to the memory 124. Other data is also transmitted via the controller 123. 23 is transmitted to memory 124; during the above process, after the bridge plug displacement measuring device 100 enters the wake-up state, when the controller 123 detects that the pressure increase rate is greater than or equal to the set threshold, the threshold can be preset in the program of the controller 123, such as the set threshold is 0.5MPa / s. After the threshold is reached, the acceleration sensor 122 starts to work, and then the controller 123 performs integral calculation on the acceleration signal to obtain the displacement data of the bridge plug 200 and stores the displacement data in memory 124; if the pressure change obtained by the controller 123 is a unilateral drop, a stop command is sent to the acceleration sensor 122 to stop the acceleration measurement.

[0060] S5. After the fracturing operation is completed, the next bridge plug 200 is lowered into the well to the second preset position. The process of lowering the bridge plug 200, perforating the target section, sealing the bridge plug 200, and fracturing is repeated. Specifically, the bridge plug 200 is lowered into the well to the next preset position, and a perforation gun and other tool strings are lowered. Steps S3 and S4 are repeated until the fracturing operation of all fracturing sections in the well is completed. If the construction time of the next target fracturing section differs from the expected time, the wake-up time period of the next bridge plug displacement measuring device 100 must be reset, and steps S2-S4 are repeated. Alternatively, step S2 can be performed before the bridge plug displacement measuring device 100 is lowered into the well.

[0061] Existing technologies lack feasible monitoring techniques for the displacement of the bridge plug 200 during fracturing. Without understanding the position and status of the bridge plug 200, improvements cannot be made in the fracturing operation of the next well and subsequent pressure operations, resulting in suboptimal operational outcomes. Therefore, monitoring the position of the bridge plug 200 during fracturing is necessary, but existing technologies cannot achieve this. This application addresses this issue by setting a wake-up time period for the bridge plug displacement measuring device 100. This allows for the determination of the start and end times of monitoring by the device. Before fracturing, the bridge plug 200 is sealed using a ball-dropping method, placing it in a non-wake-up state. The bridge plug displacement measuring device 100 is only awakened when the fracturing time arrives. This allows for seamless coordination with the fracturing process. During fracturing, data from the bridge plug displacement measuring device 100 is monitored to obtain information about the bridge plug 200, which is then stored in the memory 124. This data can then be used to monitor the status of the bridge plug 200 later. The process is simple to operate and has low construction costs.

[0062] In an optional embodiment, the bridge plug 200 is made of a soluble metal material, and the process further includes:

[0063] S6. After the fracturing operation is completed, the casing 110 and bridge plug 200 are dissolved. Since the casing 110 and bridge plug 200 are made of soluble metal materials, they dissolve completely in the downhole fracturing fluid after a certain period of time. Then, a flowback operation is performed. Under the pressure difference between the downhole fracturing fluid and the surface, the fracturing fluid flows back to the wellhead and exits through the wellhead nozzle into the surface production pipeline. The storage device 124 is carried out with the flowback fluid to the wellhead. During the flowback, the storage device 124 is... The device is externally coated with a low-density resin material, which allows it to float on the surface of the fracturing fluid. Under the action of rapid fluid flow, the memory 124 can be separated from the accelerometer 122, controller 123, etc. For example, the memory 124 can be independently separated from the instrument integration board 121. Then, under the action of fracturing fluid and buoyancy, it floats on the surface at the wellhead. The memory 124 can be retrieved by fishing or using a filter screen, thus realizing the recovery of the memory 124. The test instrument components of the bridge plug 200 can be recovered through this backflow operation.

[0064] S7. Retrieve the memory 124 from the ground and connect it to a readable device, such as a computer terminal, a handheld terminal, or other readable devices. Then, identify the serial number, acquire data, and analyze the displacement. By identifying each serial number, the well number, bridge plug 200 serial number, and fracturing segment can be determined. The acquired data includes displacement data, pressure change data, temperature change data, and angle change data. The displacement data can be used to determine the displacement, temperature change, and angle change of the bridge plug 200 corresponding to that serial number during the fracturing operation. If the downhole pressure change data changes rapidly within a short period of time, it indicates that the well has entered the fracturing stage. Finally, based on the above data, it can be determined whether the corresponding bridge plug 200 has shifted during the fracturing operation and the extent of the shift, so as to analyze the cause of the shift and take corresponding measures in subsequent operations.

[0065] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," "optional example," or "optional implementation," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0066] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0067] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bridge plug displacement measuring device characterized by, It comprises: a shell (110) and a monitoring assembly (120) fixed in the shell (110), the shell (110) is used as a ball for sealing a bridge plug (200), the monitoring assembly (120) comprises an acceleration sensor (122), a controller (123) and a memory (124), the acceleration sensor (122) is used for monitoring its own acceleration, the controller (123) is used for receiving and processing the monitoring signal of the acceleration sensor (122), and the memory (124) is used for storing the data processed by the controller (123).

2. The bridge plug shift measurement apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The shell (110) is made of a soluble metal, the shell (110) is a sphere, the outer diameter of the shell (110) is greater than the inner diameter of the bridge plug (200) and less than the outer diameter of the bridge plug (200).

3. The bridge plug shift measurement apparatus of claim 2, wherein, The soluble metal is a magnesium-aluminum alloy.

4. The bridge plug shift measurement apparatus of claim 2, wherein, The shell (110) comprises a cover (111), a main cabin (112) and a sealing element (130), the cover (111) and the main cabin (112) are combined into a sphere, and the sealing element (130) is filled between the cover (111) and the main cabin (112).

5. The bridge plug shift measurement apparatus of claim 2, wherein, The memory (124) is detachably connected inside the shell (110), so that the memory (124) can be independently separated under the action of fluid, and the memory (124) is wrapped with a resin material, and the density of the resin material is less than 1.0 g / cm3.

6. The bridge plug shift measuring device of any of claims 1-5, wherein, The monitoring assembly (120) further comprises a temperature sensor (126) and a pressure sensor (127), the temperature sensor (126) and the pressure sensor (127) are respectively used for monitoring temperature and pressure signals and transmitting the temperature and pressure signals to the controller (123) to process temperature and pressure data, and the memory (124) can store the temperature and pressure data processed by the controller (123).

7. The bridge plug shift measuring device of any of claims 1-5, wherein, The monitoring assembly (120) further comprises a gyroscope (128), the gyroscope (128) is fixed in the shell (110), and the gyroscope (128) is electrically connected with the controller (123).

8. The bridge plug shift measuring device of any of claims 1-5, wherein, The monitoring assembly (120) further comprises an instrument integrated board (121) and a battery pack (125), the instrument integrated board (121) is integrated with the acceleration sensor (122), the controller (123) and the battery pack (125), the instrument integrated board (121) is detachably connected with the memory (124), and the battery pack (125) is electrically connected with the acceleration sensor (122), the controller (123) and the memory (124) respectively.

9. A process for a bridge plug displacement measuring device, characterized by It comprises: Before fracturing construction, the bridge plug displacement measuring device of any one of claims 1-8 is put into a well and sealed in the bridge plug (200); During fracturing construction, the monitoring assembly (120) is used for signal monitoring, the controller (123) processes the signal into data and stores the data in the memory (124).

10. The process for bridging shifting measurement device of claim 9, wherein, It further comprises: Before the bridge plug displacement measuring device is put into the well, the wake-up time period of the bridge plug displacement measuring device is set to correspond to the designed fracturing operation process, so that the bridge plug displacement measuring device is in a non-wake-up state before the fracturing operation; When the wake-up time is reached, the bridge plug displacement measuring device enters a wake-up state, and the monitoring component (120) performs signal monitoring.

11. The process for bridging shifting measurement device of claim 9, wherein, The monitoring component (120) further comprises a pressure sensor (127) for monitoring a pressure signal and transmitting the pressure signal to the controller (123); After the bridge plug displacement measuring device enters the wake-up state, when the controller (123) monitors that the pressure increase speed is greater than or equal to a set threshold value, the acceleration sensor (122) starts to work, and then the controller (123) performs integral calculation on the acceleration signal to obtain displacement data of the bridge plug (200), and stores the displacement data in the memory (124).

12. The process for bridging shifting measurement device of claim 9, wherein, Further comprising: Before the bridge plug displacement measuring device is put into the well, a plurality of bridge plug displacement measuring devices are numbered to correspond to well numbers, bridge plugs (200) and fracturing intervals respectively, and the corresponding numbers are recorded in the memory (124); Before the fracturing operation, the first bridge plug (200) is first lowered into a first preset position in the well, then a perforation process is performed, and then the above process method is executed; After the fracturing operation is completed, the next bridge plug (200) is lowered into a second preset position in the well, and the lowering of the bridge plug (200), the perforation, the sealing of the bridge plug (200), and the fracturing operation are repeated until the fracturing operation of all fracturing intervals in the well is completed.

13. The process for bridging shift measurement device of claim 9, wherein, The bridge plug (200) is made of a soluble metal material, and the process method further comprises: After the fracturing operation is completed, the shell (110) and the bridge plug (200) are dissolved, and a flowback operation is performed, and the memory (124) is carried out of the well with the flowback fluid; The memory (124) is taken out on the ground, connected with a readable device, the number is identified, the data is obtained, and the displacement condition is analyzed.

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