A method for quickly obtaining incident signal gain based on an antenna directional diagram

Abstract

The application relates to a method for quickly obtaining the gain of an incident signal based on an antenna directional diagram. The method comprises the following steps: setting an antenna pointing angle; constructing an antenna horizontal plane axial vector and an antenna vertical plane axial vector according to the antenna pointing angle; constructing a signal transmitting vector or a signal receiving vector according to a signal transmitting angle or a signal receiving angle; calculating the included angle between the signal transmitting or receiving angle and the antenna vertical plane axial vector to obtain the zenith angle of the signal transmission or reception; calculating the elevation angle of the signal transmission or reception relative to the original antenna directional diagram according to the zenith angle; calculating the included angle between the signal transmitting or receiving angle and the antenna horizontal plane axial vector to obtain the azimuth angle of the signal transmission or reception; and searching for the corresponding gain value in a pre-constructed antenna directional diagram two-dimensional data model according to the elevation angle of the signal transmission or reception relative to the original antenna directional diagram and the azimuth angle of the signal transmission or reception. The method can solve the problem of quickly obtaining the antenna gain in simulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of satellite navigation and simulation technology, and in particular to a method for rapidly obtaining the gain of an incident signal based on an antenna pattern. Background Technology

[0002] Satellite navigation signal simulation sources and other signal simulation sources are widely used in testing and detection. Failure to consider the influence of antenna gain during signal transmission and reception simulations can lead to significant discrepancies between simulation and actual results. Signal transmission and reception from an antenna correspond to corresponding transmission or reception gain, which can be obtained from the antenna pattern using the elevation and azimuth angles. Introducing the gain obtained by matching the measured antenna pattern into the satellite navigation signal simulation can improve the consistency between simulation and measured results.

[0003] Currently, satellite navigation signal simulations only consider the elevation and azimuth angles of the signal source relative to the receiver, without taking into account the changes in antenna pointing of the signal source and receiver themselves. For the simulated receiver, which is an omnidirectional antenna, the antenna pointing to the sky is not affected. However, if the signal source and receiver have fixed beams and can change their pointing in any direction, the above method is no longer applicable. Therefore, it is necessary to solve the problem of quickly obtaining antenna gain in simulations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for rapidly obtaining the incident signal gain based on the antenna pattern, which can solve the problem of rapidly obtaining the antenna gain in simulation, in order to address the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] A method for rapidly obtaining the gain of an incident signal based on an antenna pattern, the method comprising:

[0006] Set the antenna pointing angle; the antenna pointing angle includes azimuth and elevation angles; construct the antenna horizontal plane axial vector and the antenna vertical plane axial vector based on the antenna pointing angle;

[0007] Construct the signal's transmission vector or reception vector based on the signal's transmission angle or reception angle;

[0008] The zenith angle of the signal transmission or reception is obtained by calculating the angle between the signal transmission or reception angle and the axial vector of the antenna vertical plane; the elevation angle of the signal relative to the original antenna pattern is then calculated based on the zenith angle.

[0009] The azimuth angle of the signal transmission or reception is obtained by calculating the angle between the signal transmission or reception angle and the axial vector of the antenna horizontal plane.

[0010] Based on the elevation angle of the transmitted or received signal relative to the original antenna pattern and the azimuth angle of the transmitted or received signal, the antenna direction is pre-built. Figure 2Retrieve the corresponding gain value from the dimensional data model.

[0011] The aforementioned method for rapidly obtaining incident signal gain based on antenna pattern, by setting the antenna azimuth and elevation angles and constructing axial vectors in the horizontal and vertical planes, incorporates the antenna pointing direction as an independent variable into the model, breaking through the limitations of a fixed viewing angle and adapting to arbitrary pointing changes. In angle calculation, the signal transmission or reception vector is first constructed, and then the angles between it and the axial vectors of the antenna's vertical and horizontal planes are calculated respectively, accurately yielding the zenith angle, elevation angle, and azimuth angle, correcting the angle errors caused by neglecting antenna attitude in traditional methods. The antenna pointing direction is pre-constructed. Figure 2 A 3D data model stores gain values ​​across the entire angular range, further refining the templated antenna orientation. Figure 2 The 3D model obtains the gain value corresponding to the angle, thus obtaining the actual gain value of signal transmission / reception, improving the consistency between the transmission / reception power in signal simulation and reality, based on the angle in the direction. Figure 2 The ability to quickly retrieve gain values ​​from 3D templates further improves simulation efficiency. Compared to traditional table lookup traversal, it significantly enhances retrieval efficiency, meeting the demands of real-time simulation. This application demonstrates excellent compatibility with different types of antennas and simulation scenarios, and can also correct gain deviations caused by environmental factors through measured data. It provides a reliable solution for high-precision simulation in fields such as satellite navigation and has broad application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for rapidly obtaining the gain of an incident signal based on an antenna pattern in one embodiment.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna radiation pattern in one embodiment;

[0014] Figure 3 Antenna direction in one embodiment Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a dimensional data model. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0016] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 This paper presents a method for rapidly obtaining the incident signal gain based on the antenna pattern, including the following steps:

[0017] Step 102: Set the antenna pointing angle; the antenna pointing angle includes azimuth and elevation angles; construct the antenna horizontal plane axial vector and the antenna vertical plane axial vector according to the antenna pointing angle.

[0018] Antenna pointing angle refers to the azimuth and elevation angles of the antenna center. For example, the azimuth and elevation angles of an omnidirectional antenna can refer to the tilt angle of the antenna mounting plane. The pointing angle of a parabolic antenna can be the sum of the antenna mounting angle and the pointing angle of the antenna center, ultimately manifested as the antenna's azimuth and elevation angles.

[0019] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the gray sphere represents a schematic diagram of the antenna's omnidirectional gain. When the antenna is placed horizontally, its axis points towards the sky (zenith angle is 0 degrees). The antenna shown in the figure is tilted at a certain angle, and its azimuth angle in the geodetic coordinate system where the antenna center is located is PointAz, and its elevation angle is PointEl.

[0020] Step 104: Construct the signal transmission vector or reception vector based on the signal transmission angle or reception angle.

[0021] Step 106: Calculate the angle between the signal transmission or reception angle and the axial vector of the antenna vertical plane to obtain the zenith angle of the signal transmission or reception; calculate the elevation angle of the signal relative to the original antenna pattern based on the zenith angle.

[0022] By calculating the angle between the signal vector and the axial vector of the antenna's vertical plane (the zenith angle), and combining this with geometric relationships, the elevation angle of the signal relative to the original antenna pattern can be further calculated. This calculation method correlates the antenna's own pointing direction with the signal propagation direction, correcting the angular error caused by neglecting antenna attitude in traditional methods.

[0023] Step 108: Calculate the angle between the signal transmission or reception angle and the axial vector of the antenna horizontal plane to obtain the azimuth angle of the signal transmission or reception.

[0024] The azimuth angle of signal transmission or reception is directly obtained by calculating the angle between the signal vector and the axial vector of the antenna's horizontal plane. This step ensures the accuracy of the azimuth information and avoids azimuth deviations caused by antenna rotation. Based on vector geometry principles, the angle is quickly solved using mathematical formulas, significantly improving the accuracy and versatility of angle calculations compared to traditional methods that rely on calculations based on a single relative azimuth.

[0025] Step 110: Based on the elevation angle of the transmitted or received signal relative to the original antenna pattern and the azimuth angle of the transmitted or received signal, in the pre-constructed antenna direction... Figure 2 Retrieve the corresponding gain value from the dimensional data model.

[0026] Based on the calculated actual elevation angle of the signal and azimuth This method directly maps coordinates within the two-dimensional data model to retrieve the gain value at the corresponding location. The process employs linear indexing or interpolation algorithms, significantly reducing computational complexity. Compared to traditional methods that require remodeling or table lookups, the retrieval efficiency of the two-dimensional data model is much higher, making it particularly suitable for real-time simulation scenarios.

[0027] Specifically, the antenna direction is stored indexed by elevation and azimuth. Figure 2 3D data models allow users to obtain the gain at any transmit or receive angle, such as... Figure 2 Antenna direction shown Figure 2 In this 3D data model, the first row (-180~180) represents the azimuth range, and the first column (-90~90) represents the elevation range. The angle intervals can be arbitrarily changed according to accuracy requirements. Figure 2 The elevation angle of 60 degrees and the azimuth angle of 20 degrees correspond to a gain of 5dB. Therefore, the signal gain transmitted or received from this angle is 5dB. This is determined by constructing the antenna direction. Figure 2 A 3D data model stores gain values ​​across the entire angular range, further refining the templated antenna orientation. Figure 2 The 3D model obtains the gain value corresponding to the angle, thus obtaining the actual gain value of signal transmission / reception, improving the consistency between the transmission / reception power in signal simulation and reality, based on the angle in the direction. Figure 2 The ability to quickly retrieve gain values ​​from dimensional templates further improves simulation efficiency.

[0028] The aforementioned method for rapidly obtaining incident signal gain based on antenna pattern, by setting the antenna azimuth and elevation angles and constructing axial vectors in the horizontal and vertical planes, incorporates the antenna pointing direction as an independent variable into the model, breaking through the limitations of a fixed viewing angle and adapting to arbitrary pointing changes. In angle calculation, the signal transmission or reception vector is first constructed, and then the angles between it and the axial vectors of the antenna's vertical and horizontal planes are calculated respectively, accurately yielding the zenith angle, elevation angle, and azimuth angle, correcting the angle errors caused by neglecting antenna attitude in traditional methods. The antenna pointing direction is pre-constructed. Figure 2 A 3D data model stores gain values ​​across the entire angular range, further refining the templated antenna orientation. Figure 2 The 3D model obtains the gain value corresponding to the angle, thus obtaining the actual gain value of signal transmission / reception, improving the consistency between the transmission / reception power in signal simulation and reality, based on the angle in the direction. Figure 2 The ability to quickly retrieve gain values ​​from 3D templates further improves simulation efficiency. Compared to traditional table lookup traversal, it significantly enhances retrieval efficiency, meeting the demands of real-time simulation. This application demonstrates excellent compatibility with different types of antennas and simulation scenarios, and can also correct gain deviations caused by environmental factors through measured data. It provides a reliable solution for high-precision simulation in fields such as satellite navigation and has broad application prospects.

[0029] In one embodiment, the antenna horizontal plane axial vector and the antenna vertical plane axial vector are constructed according to the antenna pointing angle, including:

[0030] Based on the antenna pointing angle, the antenna vertical plane axial vector is constructed as follows:

[0031] ;

[0032] in, Indicates the angle of elevation. Indicates the azimuth angle.

[0033] In one embodiment, the antenna horizontal plane axial vector is constructed based on the antenna pointing angle as follows:

[0034] ;

[0035] in, Indicates the angle of elevation. Indicates the azimuth angle.

[0036] In one embodiment, constructing the signal's transmission vector or reception vector based on the signal's transmission angle or reception angle includes:

[0037] Assuming the azimuth angle of the signal relative to the source or receiver where the antenna is located is Az, and the transmission / reception / elevation angle is El, construct the signal transmission vector / reception vector. for:

[0038] .

[0039] In one embodiment, the zenith angle of signal transmission or reception is obtained by calculating the angle between the signal transmission or reception angle and the axial vector of the antenna's vertical plane:

[0040] ;

[0041] in, Indicates the transmit vector / receive vector. This represents the axial vector of the antenna's vertical plane.

[0042] In one embodiment, the elevation angle of the signal relative to the original antenna pattern for transmission or reception is calculated based on the zenith angle as follows:

[0043] ;

[0044] in, It represents the zenith angle.

[0045] In one embodiment, the azimuth angle of the signal transmission or reception is obtained by calculating the angle between the signal transmission or reception angle and the axial vector of the antenna horizontal plane:

[0046] ;

[0047] in, Indicates the transmit vector / receive vector. This represents the axial vector of the antenna's horizontal plane.

[0048] In one embodiment, the pre-built antenna direction Figure 2 The process of dimensional data modeling includes:

[0049] The antenna direction is constructed based on the antenna gain values ​​corresponding to each angle, either theoretically or through actual measurement. Figure 2 The data model includes the antenna gain values ​​at different angles in the horizontal and vertical planes, and is stored indexed by elevation and azimuth.

[0050] It should be understood that, although Figure 1 The steps in the flowchart are shown sequentially as indicated by the arrows, but these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order requirement for the execution of these steps; they can be executed in other orders. Furthermore, Figure 1 At least some of the steps may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0051] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0052] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for rapidly obtaining the gain of an incident signal based on an antenna pattern, characterized in that, The method includes: Set the antenna pointing angle; the antenna pointing angle includes azimuth and elevation angles; construct the antenna horizontal plane axial vector and the antenna vertical plane axial vector based on the antenna pointing angle; Construct the signal's transmission vector or reception vector based on the signal's transmission angle or reception angle; The zenith angle of the signal transmission or reception is obtained by calculating the angle between the signal transmission or reception angle and the axial vector of the antenna vertical plane; the elevation angle of the signal relative to the original antenna pattern is then calculated based on the zenith angle. The azimuth angle of the signal transmission or reception is obtained by calculating the angle between the signal transmission or reception angle and the axial vector of the antenna horizontal plane. The corresponding gain value is retrieved from the pre-constructed two-dimensional data model of the antenna pattern based on the elevation angle of the transmitted or received signal relative to the original antenna pattern and the azimuth angle of the transmitted or received signal.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the antenna pointing angle, construct the antenna horizontal plane axial vector and the antenna vertical plane axial vector, respectively, including: Based on the antenna pointing angle, the antenna vertical plane axial vector is constructed as follows: in, Indicates the angle of elevation. Indicates the azimuth angle.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the antenna pointing angle, the horizontal axial vector of the antenna is constructed as follows: in, Indicates the angle of elevation. Indicates the azimuth angle.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission vector or reception vector of a signal is constructed based on its transmission angle or reception angle, including: Assuming the azimuth angle of the signal relative to the source or receiver where the antenna is located is Az, and the transmission / reception / elevation angle is El, construct the signal transmission vector / reception vector. for: 。 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The zenith angle for signal transmission or reception is obtained by calculating the angle between the signal transmission or reception angle and the axial vector of the antenna's vertical plane: in, Indicates the transmit vector / receive vector. This represents the axial vector of the antenna's vertical plane.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elevation angle of the signal relative to the original antenna pattern, calculated based on the zenith angle, is: in, It represents the zenith angle.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The azimuth angle of the signal transmission or reception is obtained by calculating the angle between the signal transmission or reception angle and the axial vector of the antenna horizontal plane: in, Indicates the transmit vector / receive vector. This represents the axial vector of the antenna's horizontal plane.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of pre-constructing a two-dimensional data model of the antenna pattern includes: A two-dimensional data model of the antenna radiation pattern is constructed based on the antenna gain values ​​corresponding to each angle, either theoretically or by actual measurement. This model includes the antenna gain values ​​at different angles in the horizontal and vertical planes and stores them indexed by elevation and azimuth.

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