Distributed electric energy loss index monitoring method and system based on Internet of Things

Abstract

The invention discloses a distributed electric energy loss index monitoring method and system based on the Internet of Things, and relates to the technical field of electric power monitoring. The system comprises a monitoring unit, a display unit and an operation and maintenance command unit. Wherein according to the access position of the electric energy meter in the power transmission line and the connection structure of the power transformation node and the power transmission line, a plurality of line sections on which the electric energy meter performs electric loss power monitoring are obtained; obtaining and summarizing the electric quantity readings of each electric energy meter; obtaining the electric energy loss power of each line section according to the electric quantity reading of each electric energy meter and the access position of each electric energy meter in the power transmission line; adjusting the access position and / or the access number of the electric energy meter on the power transmission line, updating the electric energy loss power of each line section, and obtaining a line section with excessive loss by combining the design loss power of each power transformation node and the power transmission line of the power grid in the monitoring area; and continuously obtaining the electric energy loss power of the line section with the loss exceeding the standard. According to the invention, accurate and comprehensive loss monitoring of the power grid is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power monitoring technology, and in particular relates to a method and system for monitoring distributed power loss indicators based on the Internet of Things. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of modern society, the scale of power systems is constantly expanding, and the demand for electricity is also continuously increasing. However, electricity is subject to certain losses during transmission and distribution, which negatively impacts the economy and stability of the power system.

[0003] Traditional methods for monitoring power loss primarily rely on manual inspection and periodic meter reading collection, which presents several problems. First, the process of manual inspection and periodic meter reading collection is both time-consuming and labor-intensive, making real-time power loss monitoring impossible. Second, meter damage or data acquisition errors can affect the accuracy of power loss data. Finally, due to the complexity and scale of power systems, manual inspection and periodic meter reading collection methods cannot achieve comprehensive monitoring of the entire power system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a distributed power loss index monitoring method and system based on the Internet of Things. By monitoring the power consumption at different locations in the power network and conducting centralized analysis through circuit carrier transmission, the power loss of line sections with excessive losses can be determined, thereby achieving accurate and comprehensive power loss monitoring of the power grid.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides a method for monitoring distributed power loss indicators based on the Internet of Things, including:

[0007] Obtain the design loss power of each substation node and transmission line in the power grid within the monitoring area;

[0008] Obtain the connection structure and location distribution of substation nodes and transmission lines of the power grid within the monitoring area;

[0009] An electricity meter is connected to the power transmission line, and the connection position of each electricity meter within the power transmission line is obtained.

[0010] Based on the location where the energy meter is connected within the transmission line and the connection structure between the substation and the transmission line, multiple line segments are obtained for power loss monitoring by the energy meter.

[0011] Obtain and summarize the electricity readings of each electricity meter;

[0012] The power loss of each line segment is obtained based on the power reading of each electricity meter and the connection position of each electricity meter within the transmission line.

[0013] Adjust the connection location and / or number of the energy meters on the transmission line, and update the power loss of each line segment. Combine the design power loss of each substation node and transmission line in the power grid within the monitoring area to obtain the line segments with excessive losses.

[0014] Continuously acquire the power loss of the line segment with excessive loss.

[0015] This invention also discloses a method for monitoring distributed power loss indicators based on the Internet of Things, including:

[0016] Power loss of line segments with excessive receiving loss;

[0017] Obtain the power grid spatial model of each substation node and transmission line in the monitored area;

[0018] The power loss of the line segment with excessive loss is marked and / or displayed in the power grid space model.

[0019] This invention also discloses a method for monitoring distributed power loss indicators based on the Internet of Things, including:

[0020] Power loss of line segments with excessive receiving loss;

[0021] Generate operation and maintenance instructions that include the line segments with excessive losses and the corresponding power loss.

[0022] Send the aforementioned maintenance instructions.

[0023] This invention also discloses a distributed power loss index monitoring system based on the Internet of Things, comprising,

[0024] The monitoring unit is used to obtain the design loss power of various substation nodes and transmission lines of the power grid within the monitoring area;

[0025] Obtain the connection structure and location distribution of substation nodes and transmission lines of the power grid within the monitoring area;

[0026] An electricity meter is connected to the power transmission line, and the connection position of each electricity meter within the power transmission line is obtained.

[0027] Based on the location where the energy meter is connected within the transmission line and the connection structure between the substation and the transmission line, multiple line segments are obtained for power loss monitoring by the energy meter.

[0028] Obtain and summarize the electricity readings of each electricity meter;

[0029] The power loss of each line segment is obtained based on the power reading of each electricity meter and the connection position of each electricity meter within the transmission line.

[0030] Adjust the connection location and / or number of the energy meters on the transmission line, and update the power loss of each line segment. Combine the design power loss of each substation node and transmission line in the power grid within the monitoring area to obtain the line segments with excessive losses.

[0031] Continuously acquire the power loss of the line segment with excessive loss;

[0032] The display unit is used to receive the power loss of the line segment with excessive loss.

[0033] Obtain the power grid spatial model of each substation node and transmission line in the monitored area;

[0034] The power loss of the line section with excessive loss is marked and / or displayed in the power grid space model;

[0035] The operation and maintenance command unit is used to receive the power loss of the line segment with excessive loss.

[0036] Generate operation and maintenance instructions that include the line segments with excessive losses and the corresponding power loss.

[0037] Send the aforementioned maintenance instructions.

[0038] This invention monitors the power loss of different line segments in the power grid by installing electricity meters at various locations within the grid. Specifically, it uses power line carrier communication to collect and analyze the circuit readings from the electricity meters, thereby calculating the power loss of different line segments. To comprehensively monitor the power grid's loss status, this solution also adjusts the number and location of electricity meters connected to the grid, thus achieving comprehensive monitoring of power grid loss indicators.

[0039] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the functional units and information flow of an embodiment of the distributed power loss index monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the steps of the monitoring unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of the display unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of an embodiment of the operation and maintenance command unit described in this invention.

[0045] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating step S4 of the present invention in one embodiment;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating step S5 of the present invention in one embodiment;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating step S56 of the present invention in one embodiment.

[0048] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating step S565 of the present invention in one embodiment.

[0049] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating step S6 of the present invention in one embodiment;

[0050] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating step S7 of the present invention in one embodiment;

[0051] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0052] 1-Monitoring unit, 2-Display unit, 3-Operation and maintenance command unit. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0055] Grid losses refer to the energy loss caused by factors such as resistance, inductance, and capacitance during power transmission and distribution. This energy loss is dissipated as heat, resulting in a reduction in the actual electrical energy delivered to users. Grid losses can be divided into the following two main parts:

[0056] Transmission loss: The resistance in transmission lines causes energy loss. Resistance causes the current flowing through the transmission line to generate heat, resulting in energy loss. Transmission loss is the energy loss that occurs during the transmission of electrical energy from the power plant to the substation or user terminal.

[0057] Distribution losses: In the power distribution process, electrical energy is transmitted from the substation to the user terminal, including cables, transformers, and distribution lines. During this process, there will be some energy loss, mainly from the resistance loss of cables and distribution lines, as well as the iron and copper losses of transformers.

[0058] The magnitude of power grid losses depends on multiple factors, including the grid size, transmission distance, current magnitude, cable and line materials and design, and variations in electrical load. To comprehensively and accurately monitor power grid losses, electricity meters can be used to monitor the electrical energy passing through various points in the grid. However, the deployment of these meters and the efficient transmission of the collected data constrain power loss monitoring. Therefore, this invention provides the following solution.

[0059] Please see Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this invention provides a distributed power loss index monitoring system based on the Internet of Things, which functionally includes a monitoring unit 1, a display unit 2, and an operation and maintenance command unit 3. The monitoring unit 1 monitors power loss at various points in the power grid, the display unit 2 displays the power loss in the power grid to staff, and the operation and maintenance command unit 3 generates instructions to guide maintenance personnel to perform maintenance and inspection of locations with excessive losses.

[0060] In practical applications, monitoring unit 1 first executes step S1 to obtain the design loss power of each substation node and transmission line in the monitored area of ​​the power grid. Next, step S2 can be executed to obtain the connection structure and location distribution of the substation nodes and transmission lines in the monitored area of ​​the power grid, which can be obtained from the power grid design plan.

[0061] Before monitoring, step S3 needs to be performed to connect the energy meters to the transmission line and obtain the connection location of each energy meter within the transmission line. Next, step S4 can be performed to obtain multiple line segments for power loss monitoring based on the connection locations of the energy meters within the transmission line and the connection structure between the substation node and the transmission line. Then, step S5 can be performed to obtain and summarize the power readings of each energy meter. Through power line carrier IoT, there is no need to deploy communication base stations and cables; IoT communication can be achieved using existing power lines.

[0062] In analyzing power loss, step S6 is first executed to obtain the power loss of each line segment based on the power meter readings and the meter's connection location within the transmission line. Next, step S7 is executed to adjust the meter connection locations and / or the number of meters connected to the transmission line, updating the power loss of each line segment. This, combined with the design power loss of the substation nodes and transmission lines within the monitoring area, identifies the line segments with excessive losses. Finally, step S8 is executed to continuously acquire the power loss of these line segments. This process enables comprehensive and timely power loss monitoring of the power grid within the monitoring area.

[0063] To clearly and intuitively demonstrate to staff the location and specific conditions of excessive losses, display unit 2 can execute step S011 to receive the power loss of the line segment with excessive losses. Next, step S012 can be executed to obtain the power grid spatial model of each substation node and transmission line within the monitored area. Finally, step S013 can be executed to mark the power loss of the line segment with excessive losses within the power grid spatial model and display it through the display device.

[0064] To automatically direct maintenance personnel or equipment to repair power facilities with excessive power loss, the maintenance command unit 3 first executes step S021 to receive the power loss data of the line segment with excessive power loss. Next, step S022 generates a maintenance instruction containing the line segment with excessive power loss and its corresponding power loss. Finally, step S023 sends the maintenance instruction, which, once received by maintenance personnel or intelligent maintenance equipment, allows for repairs to be carried out, preventing further power loss.

[0065] To supplement the explanation of the implementation process of the monitoring unit, source code for some functional modules is provided, with corresponding explanations in the comments. To avoid data leakage involving trade secrets, data that does not affect the implementation of the solution has been anonymized, and the same applies below.

[0066]

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] The above implementation code defines two classes: EnergyMeter and TransmissionLine. EnergyMeter represents an electricity meter, recording the electricity reading at a specific location on the transmission line. TransmissionLine represents a transmission line, contains multiple EnergyMeter objects, and can calculate the total energy loss.

[0070] In the main function, two TransmissionLine objects are created, and several EnergyMeter objects are added to them to simulate readings. Then, we calculate the total power loss of each transmission line and determine whether it exceeds the design power loss.

[0071] Please see Figure 5 As shown, the transmission of electrical energy in the power grid, i.e., the direction of current, is directional. Due to the complexity of the power grid, to facilitate monitoring of power loss, transmission lines can be divided into segments. Specifically, in the implementation of step S4 above, step S41 can be executed first to treat one or more transmission lines from the starting point of the power grid to a substation with the highest voltage level as an equipotential subnetwork. Next, step S42 can be executed to treat one or more transmission lines between two substations as an equipotential subnetwork. Next, step S43 can be executed to treat one or more transmission lines from a substation with the lowest voltage level to the end of the power grid as an equipotential subnetwork. Finally, step S44 can be executed to treat the transmission line between two adjacent electricity meters in series within the equipotential subnetwork as a single line segment. This method ensures relatively uniform power conditions within the same line point, preventing negative interference with electricity meter statistics.

[0072] To provide supplementary explanation of the implementation process of steps S41 to S44 above, source code of some functional modules is provided, with comparative explanations in the comments.

[0073]

[0074]

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] This C++ code snippet from the substation section demonstrates how to simulate a power grid using an object-oriented approach, including the substation, transmission lines, and energy meters. The code defines classes for these entities and manages them within the `ElectricalGrid` class. The `getLineSegments` function retrieves all line segments monitored by the energy meters. It sorts the energy meters on each transmission line by location and returns all line segments from the start to the first energy meter, between adjacent energy meters, and from the last energy meter to the end.

[0078] A brief summary of the features is as follows:

[0079] Based on the location of the electricity meters on the transmission line, the transmission line is divided into multiple segments. For each transmission line, the segments from the starting point to the first electricity meter, between adjacent electricity meters, and from the last electricity meter to the ending point are searched and recorded. The getLineSegments function outputs all the segments, which are the segments used by the electricity meters for power loss monitoring.

[0080] Please see Figure 6 As shown, due to the potentially large monitoring area, and to comprehensively and accurately monitor power loss at different locations, a large number of energy meters with communication capabilities are required. To avoid insufficient communication resources caused by numerous energy meters communicating simultaneously, step S5 can be implemented by first executing step S51 to obtain the blocking frequency of each substation node. Next, step S52 can be executed to select several main control energy meters in the power grid. Next, step S53 can be executed to select one energy meter within each equal-voltage subnetwork as a sub-control energy meter. Next, step S54 can be executed to modulate the energy readings and corresponding acquisition times collected by the energy meters within the equal-voltage subnetwork into a high-frequency power line carrier with a frequency higher than the blocking frequency and transmit it. Next, step S55 can be executed to receive the high-frequency power line carrier transmitted by the energy meters within its equal-voltage subnetwork. Next, step S56 can be executed to forward the received energy readings and corresponding acquisition times from the energy meters within its equal-voltage subnetwork to the main control energy meter. Finally, step S57 can be executed to obtain the total energy meter readings and the corresponding collection times from each energy meter. In the above scheme, the communication frequencies within the same isobaric subnetwork and between different isobaric subnetworks are different, which can avoid frequency interference problems caused by simultaneous communication and improve the efficiency of communication between multiple energy meters.

[0081] Please see Figures 7 to 8As shown, in order to allocate the communication frequency for each energy meter to avoid mutual interference, the above-mentioned step S56 can be implemented by first executing step S561, which determines the sub-control energy meters that communicate with each main control energy meter based on their connection locations in the power grid. Next, step S562 can be executed, which determines the substation nodes that the sub-control energy meters need to traverse to reach the main control energy meters based on the connection structure and location distribution of the substation nodes and transmission lines in the power grid. Next, step S563 can be executed, which determines the reliable communication frequency between the sub-control energy meters and the main control energy meters based on the blocking frequency of each substation node and the substation nodes that the sub-control energy meters need to traverse. Finally, step S564 can be executed, which detects and obtains the signal-to-noise ratio between the sub-control energy meters and the main control energy meters.

[0082] To further reduce communication resource consumption, information can be appropriately compressed. This is because steps S5651 to S5655 in step S565 can be executed next. First, step S5651 allocates channel bandwidth to each sub-control energy meter based on the number of sub-control energy meters communicating with each main control energy meter and the reliable communication frequency between sub-control energy meters and the main control energy meter. Next, step S5652 calculates the reliable communication code rate between sub-control energy meters and the main control energy meter based on the allocated channel bandwidth and the signal-to-noise ratio between the sub-control energy meter and the main control energy meter. Finally, step S5653 demodulates the high-frequency power line carrier signal from the sub-control energy meter and obtains the received power readings and the corresponding information volume per unit time at the time of acquisition, which is used as the information code rate. Next, step S5654 can be executed to obtain the information compression rate of the sub-control energy meter based on the ratio of the received information code rate of the sub-control energy meter to the reliable communication code rate from the sub-control energy meter to the main control energy meter. Finally, step S5655 can be executed to compress the power readings received by the sub-control energy meter in the equal-voltage subnet and the corresponding acquisition time according to the information compression rate, and then send them to the corresponding main control energy meter according to the corresponding channel bandwidth. In this process, the information is appropriately compressed based on the specific information density, balancing communication efficiency and compression / decoding efficiency.

[0083] To provide supplementary explanation of the implementation process of steps S561 to S565 above, source code of some functional modules is provided, with comparative explanations in the comments.

[0084]

[0085]

[0086]

[0087]

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] This code demonstrates the process by which a substation energy meter forwards its power reading and acquisition time to the main energy meter. First, the substation node and substation energy meters are added. Then, the reliable communication frequency and signal-to-noise ratio from each substation to the main energy meter are calculated. Next, channel bandwidth is allocated to each substation, and the reliable communication code rate is calculated. The information compression rate is calculated by simulating demodulated data, and then the data is compressed and sent to the main energy meter.

[0091] Please see Figure 9 As shown, the electricity meter calculates the integral of the product of current and voltage over time, rather than directly calculating losses. To obtain the power loss of each line segment, step S6 can be implemented by first executing step S61, which determines the electricity meters at both ends of each line segment based on their connection location within the transmission line. Then, step S62 can be executed to obtain the power loss of the line segment at each sampling moment based on the difference in electricity readings at both ends of the line segment per unit time. Alternatively, the product of the voltage difference between the two ammeters and the flowing current can be calculated as an integral over time; the underlying principle is the same.

[0092] Please see Figure 10As shown, the losses in power grid lines are not constant. Within a long line segment, some cables may meet the loss standards, while others may not. Cables that do not meet energy consumption standards are usually damaged or corroded, and corrosion increases over time, resulting in a gradual increase in energy loss rate. Therefore, in the specific implementation of step S7, step S71 can be executed first to obtain the energy loss rate of each line segment. Then, step S72 can be executed to determine whether the energy loss rate of the line segment exceeds the corresponding energy loss power. If so, step S73 can be executed to classify the line segment exceeding the corresponding energy loss power as an excessive loss line segment. Otherwise, step S74 can be executed to continuously determine whether the energy loss rate of each line segment increases with the increase in the data collection time. Based on the judgment in step S74, if not, no operation is performed; if yes, then step S75 can be executed to add energy meters to the line segments where the power loss rate increases with the increase of the data acquisition time. Then, steps S71 to S74 can be executed to update and obtain the power loss power of the newly added line segments. After that, the system returns to determine whether the power loss rate of the line segment exceeds the corresponding power loss power. Of course, the energy meters added in step S75 can be transferred from other locations where the power loss meets the standard, thus reducing the hardware cost of the energy meters.

[0093] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of an instruction containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. In some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than those shown in the drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved.

[0094] It should also be noted that each block in the block diagram and / or flowchart, as well as combinations of blocks in the block diagram and / or flowchart, can be implemented using hardware that performs the corresponding function or action, such as circuits or ASICs (Application Specific Integrated Circuits), or using a combination of hardware and software, such as firmware.

[0095] Although the invention has been described herein in conjunction with various embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand and implement other variations of the disclosed embodiments by reviewing the accompanying drawings, disclosure, and appended claims in carrying out the claimed invention. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, and "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. A single processor or other unit can implement several functions listed in the claims. While different dependent claims may recite certain measures, this does not mean that these measures cannot be combined to produce good results.

[0096] The various embodiments of this application have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or improvement of the technology in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring distributed power loss indicators based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that, include, Obtain the design loss power of each substation node and transmission line in the power grid within the monitoring area; Obtain the connection structure and location distribution of substation nodes and transmission lines of the power grid within the monitoring area; An electricity meter is connected to the power transmission line, and the connection position of each electricity meter within the power transmission line is obtained. Based on the location where the energy meter is connected within the transmission line and the connection structure between the substation and the transmission line, multiple line segments are obtained for power loss monitoring by the energy meter. Obtain and summarize the electricity readings of each electricity meter; The power loss of each line segment is obtained based on the power reading of each electricity meter and the connection position of each electricity meter within the transmission line. Adjust the connection location and / or number of the energy meters on the transmission line, and update the power loss of each line segment. Combine the design power loss of each substation node and transmission line in the power grid within the monitoring area to obtain the line segments with excessive losses. Continuously acquire the power loss of the line segment with excessive loss.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining multiple line segments for power loss monitoring by the power meter based on the connection location of the power meter within the transmission line and the connection structure between the substation node and the transmission line. include, According to the direction of power transmission in the power grid, One or more transmission lines from the starting point of the power grid to a substation with the highest voltage level are considered as an equal-voltage subnetwork. One or more transmission lines between two substation nodes are considered as an equal-voltage subnetwork. One or more transmission lines from the substation with the lowest voltage level to the end of the power grid are considered as an equal-voltage subnetwork. The transmission line between two adjacent electricity meters in the equal pressure subnet is considered as one line segment.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of obtaining and summarizing the electricity readings of each electricity meter include, Obtain the blocking frequency of each substation node; Select several main control energy meters in the power grid; Within each of the equal-pressure subnets, one of the energy meters is selected as a sub-controlled energy meter; The electricity readings and corresponding collection times collected by the electricity meters in the equal pressure subnetwork are modulated into a high-frequency power line carrier with a frequency greater than the blocking frequency and then transmitted. The sub-control energy meter receives high-frequency power line carrier information sent by the energy meter within the equal-voltage subnetwork; The sub-control energy meter forwards the energy readings and corresponding collection times obtained by the energy meters within the same equal-pressure sub-network to the main control energy meter; The main control energy meter acquires the sum of the energy readings of each energy meter and the corresponding acquisition time.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of the sub-control energy meter forwarding the received power readings and corresponding collection times from the energy meters within the equal-voltage subnetwork to the main control energy meter includes: The sub-control energy meters that communicate with each of the total control energy meters are obtained based on their connection locations in the power grid. The substations that the sub-control energy meter needs to cross to reach the main control energy meter are determined based on the connection structure and location distribution of the substation nodes and transmission lines of the power grid. The reliable communication frequency between the substation and the main control energy meter is obtained based on the blocking frequency of each substation node and the substation nodes that the substation needs to cross to reach the main control energy meter. The signal-to-noise ratio from the sub-control energy meter to the main control energy meter is detected and acquired. Based on the reliable communication frequency between the sub-control energy meter and the main control energy meter, and the signal-to-noise ratio between the sub-control energy meter and the main control energy meter, the information sent by the sub-control energy meter is compressed and then sent to the corresponding main control energy meter.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of compressing the information sent by the sub-control energy meter according to the reliable communication frequency between the sub-control energy meter and the main control energy meter and the signal-to-noise ratio between the sub-control energy meter and the main control energy meter before sending it to the corresponding main control energy meter. include, Channel bandwidth is allocated to each of the sub-control energy meters based on the number of sub-control energy meters that communicate with each of the main control energy meters and the reliable communication frequency between the sub-control energy meters and the main control energy meter; The reliable communication code rate from the sub-control energy meter to the total control energy meter is obtained based on the channel bandwidth allocated to each of the sub-control energy meters and the signal-to-noise ratio from the sub-control energy meter to the total control energy meter. After demodulating the information of the high-frequency power line carrier, the energy meter in the sub-control energy meter within the equal voltage sub-network obtains the energy reading received by the sub-control energy meter and the amount of information per unit time at the corresponding acquisition time as the information code rate. The information compression rate of the sub-control energy meter is obtained by comparing the received information code rate of the sub-control energy meter with the reliable communication code rate from the sub-control energy meter to the main control energy meter. The power readings and corresponding acquisition times received by the sub-control energy meters within the equal-pressure subnet are compressed according to the information compression rate and then sent to the corresponding main control energy meter according to the corresponding channel bandwidth.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the power loss of each line segment based on the power reading of each electricity meter and the connection location of each electricity meter within the transmission line. include, The electricity meters at both ends of each line segment are obtained according to the connection position of each electricity meter within the transmission line; The power loss of the line segment at each sampling moment is obtained by calculating the difference in the power readings of the electricity meters at both ends of the line segment within a unit time.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of adjusting the connection location and / or number of the energy meters on the transmission line, updating the power loss of each line segment, and combining this with the design power loss of the power transmission lines at various substation nodes and within the monitoring area to determine the line segments with excessive power loss are as follows: include, Obtain the power loss rate of each line segment and determine whether the power loss rate of the line segment exceeds the corresponding power loss power. If so, the line segment exceeding the corresponding power loss is designated as the line segment with excessive loss. If not, continue to determine whether the power loss rate of each line segment increases with the increase of the data collection time; If not, no action will be taken; If so, then add the energy meter to the line segment where the energy loss rate increases with the increase of the data collection time. Update and obtain the power loss of the newly added line segment; Return to determine whether the power loss rate of the line segment exceeds the corresponding power loss.

8. A method for monitoring distributed power loss indicators based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that, include, The power loss of the line segment exceeding the loss standard in the distributed power loss index monitoring method based on the Internet of Things as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is received. Obtain the power grid spatial model of each substation node and transmission line in the monitored area; The power loss of the line segment with excessive loss is marked and / or displayed in the power grid space model.

9. A method for monitoring distributed power loss indicators based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that, include, The power loss of the line segment exceeding the loss standard in the distributed power loss index monitoring method based on the Internet of Things as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is received. Generate operation and maintenance instructions that include the line segments with excessive losses and the corresponding power loss. Send the aforementioned maintenance instructions.

10. A distributed power loss index monitoring system based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that, include, The monitoring unit is used to obtain the design loss power of various substation nodes and transmission lines of the power grid within the monitoring area; Obtain the connection structure and location distribution of substation nodes and transmission lines of the power grid within the monitoring area; An electricity meter is connected to the power transmission line, and the connection position of each electricity meter within the power transmission line is obtained. Based on the location where the energy meter is connected within the transmission line and the connection structure between the substation and the transmission line, multiple line segments are obtained for power loss monitoring by the energy meter. Obtain and summarize the electricity readings of each electricity meter; The power loss of each line segment is obtained based on the power reading of each electricity meter and the connection position of each electricity meter within the transmission line. Adjust the connection location and / or number of the energy meters on the transmission line, and update the power loss of each line segment. Combine the design power loss of each substation node and transmission line in the power grid within the monitoring area to obtain the line segments with excessive losses. Continuously acquire the power loss of the line segment with excessive loss; The display unit is used to receive the power loss of the line segment with excessive loss. Obtain the power grid spatial model of each substation node and transmission line in the monitored area; The power loss of the line section with excessive loss is marked and / or displayed in the power grid space model; The operation and maintenance command unit is used to receive the power loss of the line segment with excessive loss. Generate operation and maintenance instructions that include the line segments with excessive losses and the corresponding power loss. Send the aforementioned maintenance instructions.

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