Transformer fault detection device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of transformer detection, and particularly relates to a transformer fault detection device which comprises a fault detector shell, a sound wave detector, a vibration detector, a controller and a remote alarm are fixedly connected in the fault detector shell, and the sound wave detector, the vibration detector and the remote alarm are electrically connected with the controller. Through the arrangement of the device, the operation state of the transformer can be monitored in real time, abnormal operation of the transformer can be found in time, power-off maintenance can be carried out in time, and transformer damage is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of transformer testing technology, and in particular relates to a transformer fault detection device. Background Technology

[0002] A transformer is a device that uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to change alternating current voltage. Its main components are the primary coil, secondary coil, and iron core (magnetic core). In electrical equipment and wireless circuits, it is commonly used for voltage step-up / step-down, impedance matching, and safety isolation. Its main functions include voltage transformation, current transformation, impedance transformation, isolation, and voltage stabilization (magnetically saturated transformers). According to their application, they can be classified as: distribution transformers, power transformers, fully sealed transformers, combined transformers, dry-type transformers, oil-immersed transformers, single-phase transformers, electric furnace transformers, and rectifier transformers.

[0003] Transformers are extremely important electrical equipment in power transmission and distribution systems. Transformer faults generally manifest as: abnormal sounds, oil temperature rise due to contact faults or short circuits, oil spraying caused by internal short circuits or high temperatures, or three-phase voltage imbalance.

[0004] In order to obtain timely information on transformer operating status, ensure timely detection of transformer faults, facilitate further power outages and maintenance, and guarantee the safe and stable operation of transformers, a transformer fault detection device is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a transformer fault detection device to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0007] A transformer fault detection device includes: a fault detector housing, wherein an acoustic detector, a vibration detector, a controller, and a remote alarm are fixedly connected inside the fault detector housing, and the acoustic detector, the vibration detector, and the remote alarm are electrically connected to the controller.

[0008] Preferably, the vibration detector includes a vibration detector housing, a central barrel is coaxially fixed to the center of the vibration detector housing, and a floating reflector is provided inside the central barrel;

[0009] The vibration detector housing is provided with a plurality of laser emitting parts and a plurality of light-transmitting and reflecting parts, with each of the plurality of laser emitting parts and the plurality of light-transmitting and reflecting parts corresponding one to one. Each of the light-transmitting and reflecting parts is located directly above the corresponding laser emitting part, and the plurality of laser emitting parts are arranged at equal intervals around the central barrel.

[0010] The vibration detector housing is coaxially fixed to the top of the vibration detector cover plate. The vibration detector cover plate has a plurality of first light-transmitting holes in its circumference. The plurality of first light-transmitting holes correspond one-to-one with the plurality of laser emitting parts. The vibration detector cover plate has a second light-transmitting hole in its center.

[0011] A first illuminance sensor is fixedly connected inside the first light-transmitting hole, and a second illuminance sensor is fixedly connected inside the second light-transmitting hole;

[0012] The laser emitting unit emits a laser beam that irradiates the corresponding light-transmitting and reflecting unit. The light-transmitting and reflecting unit splits the laser beam into two paths. One path irradiates the corresponding first illuminance sensor, while the other path passes through the first light-transmitting optical fiber corresponding to the side wall of the central barrel and irradiates the reflecting unit. The reflecting unit then reflects the laser beam into the second illuminance sensor. The first light-transmitting optical fiber is embedded in the side wall of the central barrel.

[0013] Preferably, the laser emitting part includes a first laser emitter, which is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the vibration detector housing.

[0014] Preferably, the light-transmitting and reflecting part includes a first lens, the cross-section of the first lens is an isosceles triangle structure, the inclined surface of the first lens is the illumination surface, and the side wall of the first lens is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vibration detector housing.

[0015] Preferably, the reflecting part includes a first conical reflector, the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the top of a spring, the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the vibration detector housing, the first conical reflector is provided with a plurality of reflecting surfaces, the plurality of reflecting surfaces are arranged at equal intervals around the circumference, the plurality of reflecting surfaces correspond one-to-one with a plurality of first lenses, and the reflecting surfaces are arranged parallel to the inclined surfaces of the corresponding first lenses.

[0016] Preferably, the acoustic wave detector includes an acoustic wave detector housing, which is a polygonal structure. A plurality of mounting posts are fixedly connected to the center of the acoustic wave detector housing, the number of which is the same as the number of corners of the acoustic wave detector housing. A diaphragm is fixedly connected between two adjacent mounting posts. The diaphragm is parallel to the corresponding sidewall of the acoustic wave detector housing. The bottom end of a fixing post is fixedly connected to the center of the acoustic wave detector housing, and a second reflector is fixedly connected to the top end of the fixing post.

[0017] The acoustic detector housing is provided with a plurality of second laser emitting parts and a plurality of second light-transmitting and reflecting parts, with each of the plurality of second laser emitting parts and the plurality of second light-transmitting and reflecting parts corresponding to one another. Any second light-transmitting and reflecting part is located directly above the corresponding second laser emitting part, and the plurality of second laser emitting parts are arranged at equal intervals around the second reflecting part in the circumferential direction.

[0018] The acoustic detector housing is coaxially fixed to the top of the acoustic detector cover plate. The acoustic detector cover plate has a plurality of fourth light-transmitting holes in its circumference. The plurality of fourth light-transmitting holes correspond one-to-one with a plurality of second laser emitting parts. The acoustic detector cover plate has a third light-transmitting hole in its center.

[0019] A third illuminance sensor is fixedly connected inside the fourth light-transmitting hole;

[0020] The second laser emitting unit emits a laser beam that irradiates the corresponding second light-transmitting and reflecting unit. The laser beam is split into two paths by the action of the second light-transmitting and reflecting unit. One laser beam irradiates the corresponding third illuminance sensor, and the other laser beam passes through the second light-transmitting optical fiber fixed in the middle of the corresponding diaphragm and irradiates the second reflecting unit. The second reflecting unit then reflects the laser beam into the fourth illuminance sensor.

[0021] Preferably, the second laser emitting part includes a second laser emitter, which is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the acoustic wave detector housing.

[0022] Preferably, the second light-transmitting and reflecting part includes a second lens, the cross-section of the second lens is an isosceles triangle structure, the inclined surface of the second lens is the illumination surface, and the side wall of the second lens is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the acoustic wave detector housing.

[0023] Preferably, the second reflective part includes a second conical reflector, the bottom of which is fixed to the top of the fixed column. The second conical reflector is provided with a plurality of second reflective surfaces, which are circumferentially equally spaced. Each of the second reflective surfaces corresponds to a plurality of second lenses, and the second reflective surfaces are arranged parallel to the inclined surfaces of the corresponding second lenses.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0025] In use, the fault detector housing is installed on the transformer. Sound and vibration detectors monitor the sound waves and vibrations generated by the transformer during operation in real time, and the monitoring data is synchronized to the controller in real time. The controller analyzes the data and compares the real-time monitoring data with the data during normal operation by setting the vibration and sound wave parameters for the transformer. If there is a deviation between the real-time monitoring data and the normal operation data, it indicates a transformer fault. At this time, the controller activates a remote alarm to sound an alarm and notify personnel to carry out repairs. This device allows for real-time monitoring of the transformer's operating status, timely detection of abnormal transformer operation, and prompt power outages for repairs to prevent transformer damage. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration detector structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the vibration detector of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the acoustic wave detector structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the acoustic wave detector of the present invention;

[0032] The components are as follows: 1. Vibration detector housing; 2. First laser emitter; 3. First lens; 4. Central barrel; 5. First conical reflector; 6. First optical fiber; 7. Vibration detector cover plate; 8. First illuminance sensor; 9. Second illuminance sensor; 10. Spring; 11. First light-transmitting hole; 12. Second light-transmitting hole; 13. Second lens; 14. Second laser emitter; 15. Diaphragm; 16. Second optical fiber; 17. Mounting post; 18. Second conical reflector; 19. Acoustic wave detector cover plate; 20. Third illuminance sensor; 21. Fourth illuminance sensor; 22. Third light-transmitting hole; 23. Fourth light-transmitting hole; 24. Acoustic wave detector; 25. Vibration detector; 26. Fault detector housing; 27. Acoustic wave detector housing; 28. Controller; 29. ​​Remote alarm; 30. Fixing post. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] Reference Figures 1 to 5 The present invention discloses a transformer fault detection device, comprising: a fault detector housing 26, wherein an acoustic detector 24, a vibration detector 25, a controller 28 and a remote alarm 29 are fixedly connected inside the fault detector housing 26, and the acoustic detector 24, the vibration detector 25 and the remote alarm 29 are electrically connected to the controller 28.

[0036] In use, the fault detector housing 26 is installed on the transformer. The acoustic detector 24 and vibration detector 25 monitor the acoustic waves and vibrations generated during transformer operation in real time, and synchronize the monitoring data to the controller 28 in real time. The controller 28 analyzes the data, comparing the real-time monitoring data with the data during normal operation by setting the vibration and acoustic parameters for the transformer. If a deviation exists between the real-time monitoring data and the normal operation data, it indicates a transformer fault. At this point, the controller 28 activates the remote alarm 29 to sound an alarm, notifying personnel to perform repairs. This device allows for real-time monitoring of the transformer's operating status, timely detection of abnormal transformer operation, and prompt power outages for repairs, preventing transformer damage.

[0037] Further optimization of the scheme: the vibration detector 25 includes a vibration detector housing 1, a central barrel 4 is coaxially fixed to the center of the vibration detector housing 1, and a floating reflector is provided inside the central barrel 4;

[0038] The vibration detector housing 1 is provided with several laser emitting parts and several light-transmitting and reflecting parts. The laser emitting parts and the light-transmitting and reflecting parts correspond one-to-one. Any light-transmitting and reflecting part is located directly above the corresponding laser emitting part. The laser emitting parts are arranged at equal intervals around the central barrel 4.

[0039] A vibration detector cover plate 7 is coaxially fixed to the top of the vibration detector housing 1. The vibration detector cover plate 7 has several first light-transmitting holes 11 circumferentially opened, and the several first light-transmitting holes 11 correspond one-to-one with several laser emitting parts. A second light-transmitting hole 12 is opened in the center of the vibration detector cover plate 7.

[0040] A first illuminance sensor 8 is fixedly connected inside the first light-transmitting hole 11, and a second illuminance sensor 9 is fixedly connected inside the second light-transmitting hole 12.

[0041] The laser emitting unit emits a laser beam that irradiates the corresponding light-transmitting and reflecting part. The light-transmitting and reflecting part splits the laser beam into two paths. One path irradiates the corresponding first illuminance sensor 8, while the other path passes through the first light-transmitting optical fiber 6, which is correspondingly installed on the side wall of the central barrel 4, and irradiates the reflecting part. The reflecting part then reflects the laser beam into the second illuminance sensor 9. The first light-transmitting optical fiber 6 is embedded in the side wall of the central barrel 4.

[0042] The scheme is further optimized so that the laser emitting part includes a first laser emitter 2, which is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the vibration detector housing 1.

[0043] Further optimization of the scheme: the light-transmitting and reflecting part includes a first lens 3, the cross-section of the first lens 3 is an isosceles triangle structure, the inclined surface of the first lens 3 is the illumination surface, and the side wall of the first lens 3 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vibration detector housing 1.

[0044] The scheme is further optimized. The reflective part includes a first conical reflector 5. The top end of a spring 10 is fixed to the bottom of the first conical reflector 5. The bottom end of the spring 10 is fixed to the bottom of the vibration detector housing 1. The first conical reflector 5 is provided with a number of reflective surfaces. The number of reflective surfaces are arranged at equal intervals around the circumference. The number of reflective surfaces corresponds one-to-one with a number of first lenses 3. The reflective surfaces are arranged parallel to the inclined surfaces of the corresponding first lenses 3.

[0045] In use, the vibration detector 25 of the present invention initially emits a laser beam through the first laser emitter 2. The laser beam strikes the inclined surface of the corresponding first lens 3. A portion of the laser beam penetrates the first lens 3 and directly strikes the first illuminance sensor 8, which is positioned on the corresponding first light-transmitting hole 11. The laser beam reflected by the inclined surface of the first lens 3 strikes the corresponding first light-transmitting optical fiber 6, and then strikes the corresponding reflective surface of the first conical reflector 5. The reflective surface of the first conical reflector 5 forms a 45-degree angle with the horizontal plane. The laser beam, after reflection by the reflective surface, passes through the second light-transmitting hole 12 and strikes the second illuminance sensor 9.

[0046] The present invention preferably has six first laser emitters 2, and the first conical reflector 5 also has six reflective surfaces. The number of first illuminance sensors 8 matches the number of first laser emitters 2.

[0047] During operation, all six first laser emitters 2 emit lasers with the same illuminance. The six laser beams are split into two paths under the action of the first lens 3. One path propagates in a straight line and illuminates the corresponding first illuminance sensor 8, while the other path illuminates the first conical reflector 5 and is received by the second illuminance sensor 9.

[0048] There is a difference between the sum of the illuminance detected by the six first illuminance sensors 8 and the illuminance detected by the second illuminance sensor 9. This difference is stable when the first conical reflector 5 is in a fixed state.

[0049] When monitoring a normal transformer, the first conical reflector 5 vibrates regularly and stably under the action of the spring 10. Due to the vibration of the first conical reflector 5, some laser light cannot be detected by the second illuminance sensor 9, which increases the difference between the sum of the illuminance detected by the six first illuminance sensors 8 and the illuminance detected by the second illuminance sensor 9. This difference indicates that the transformer is vibrating normally.

[0050] When the transformer malfunctions, the vibration state of the first conical reflector 5 changes, including the vibration frequency and amplitude of the first conical reflector 5. This causes the difference between the sum of the illuminance detected by the six first illuminance sensors 8 and the illuminance detected by the second illuminance sensor 9 to change compared to the difference in the normal vibration state, thus indicating that the transformer is malfunctioning.

[0051] In a further optimized design, the acoustic detector 24 includes an acoustic detector housing 27, which has a polygonal structure. Several mounting posts 17 are fixed to the center of the acoustic detector housing 27, and the number of mounting posts 17 is the same as the number of corners of the acoustic detector housing 27. A diaphragm 15 is fixed between two adjacent mounting posts 17. The diaphragm 15 is parallel to the corresponding sidewall of the acoustic detector housing 27. The bottom end of a fixing post 30 is fixed to the center of the acoustic detector housing 27, and a second reflector is fixed to the top end of the fixing post 30.

[0052] The acoustic detector housing 27 is provided with a plurality of second laser emitting parts and a plurality of second light-transmitting reflective parts. The plurality of second laser emitting parts and the plurality of second light-transmitting reflective parts correspond one to one. Any second light-transmitting reflective part is located directly above the corresponding second laser emitting part. The plurality of second laser emitting parts are arranged at equal intervals around the second reflective part in the circumferential direction.

[0053] A sound wave detector cover plate 19 is coaxially fixed to the top of the sound wave detector housing 27. The sound wave detector cover plate 19 has several fourth light-transmitting holes 23 circumferentially opened. The several fourth light-transmitting holes 23 correspond one-to-one with several second laser emitting parts. A third light-transmitting hole 22 is opened in the center of the sound wave detector cover plate 19.

[0054] A third illuminance sensor 20 is fixedly connected inside the fourth light-transmitting hole 23, and a fourth illuminance sensor 21 is fixedly connected inside the third light-transmitting hole 22.

[0055] The second laser emitting unit emits a laser beam that irradiates the corresponding second light-transmitting and reflecting unit. The laser beam is split into two paths by the action of the second light-transmitting and reflecting unit. One path of the laser beam irradiates the corresponding third illuminance sensor 20, while the other path of the laser beam passes through the second light-transmitting optical fiber 16 fixed in the middle of the corresponding diaphragm 15 and irradiates the second reflecting unit. The second reflecting unit then reflects the laser beam into the fourth illuminance sensor 21.

[0056] In a further optimized design, the second laser emitting unit includes a second laser emitter 14, which is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the acoustic detector housing 27.

[0057] In a further optimized design, the second light-transmitting and reflecting part includes a second lens 13. The cross-section of the second lens 13 is an isosceles triangular structure, the inclined surface of the second lens 13 is the illumination surface, and the side wall of the second lens 13 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the acoustic wave detector housing 27.

[0058] In a further optimized design, the second reflective part includes a second conical reflector 18. The bottom of the second conical reflector 18 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed column 30. The second conical reflector 18 is provided with a plurality of second reflective surfaces. The plurality of second reflective surfaces are arranged at equal intervals around the circumference. The plurality of second reflective surfaces correspond one-to-one with a plurality of second lenses 13. The second reflective surfaces are arranged parallel to the inclined surfaces of the corresponding second lenses 13.

[0059] In use, the acoustic wave detector 24 of the present invention initially emits laser light through the second laser emitter 14. The laser light shines on the inclined surface of the corresponding second lens 13. A portion of the laser light penetrates the second lens 13 and directly shines on the third illuminance sensor 20 disposed on the corresponding fourth light-transmitting hole 23. The laser light reflected by the inclined surface of the second lens 13 shines on the corresponding second light-transmitting optical fiber 16, and then shines on the corresponding second reflective surface of the second conical reflector 18. The second reflective surface of the second conical reflector 18 makes an angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal plane. The laser light, after being reflected by the second reflective surface, passes through the third light-transmitting hole 22 and shines on the fourth illuminance sensor 21.

[0060] The present invention preferably has six second laser emitters 14, six second conical reflectors 18, and six third illuminance sensors 20 matching the number of second laser emitters 14, and six diaphragms 15.

[0061] During operation, all six second laser emitters 14 emit lasers with the same illuminance. The six laser beams are split into two paths under the action of the second lens 13. One path propagates in a straight line and illuminates the corresponding third illuminance sensor 20, while the other path illuminates the second conical reflector 18 and is received by the second illuminance sensor 9.

[0062] There is a difference between the sum of the illuminance detected by the six third illuminance sensors 20 and the illuminance detected by the fourth illuminance sensor 21. This difference is stable when the diaphragm 15 is in a fixed state.

[0063] During normal transformer monitoring, the sound waves emitted by the transformer cause the six diaphragms 15 to vibrate. Due to the vibration of the diaphragms 15, the position of the second optical fiber 16 changes, preventing the laser from passing through the second optical fiber 16 and illuminating the second reflective surface of the second conical mirror 18, thus preventing it from being detected by the second illuminance sensor 9. This increases the difference between the sum of the illuminance detected by the six third illuminance sensors 20 and the illuminance detected by the fourth illuminance sensor 21. This difference indicates that the sound waves emitted by the transformer are normal.

[0064] When the transformer malfunctions, the vibration state of the diaphragm 15 changes, including the frequency and amplitude of the diaphragm 15. This causes the difference between the sum of the illuminance detected by the six third illuminance sensors 20 and the illuminance detected by the fourth illuminance sensor 21 to change compared to the difference in the normal vibration state, thus indicating that the transformer is malfunctioning.

[0065] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0066] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transformer fault detection device, characterized in that, include: The fault detector housing (26) contains a sound wave detector (24), a vibration detector (25), a controller (28), and a remote alarm (29). The sound wave detector (24), the vibration detector (25), and the remote alarm (29) are electrically connected to the controller (28).

2. The transformer fault detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration detector (25) includes a vibration detector housing (1), a central barrel (4) is coaxially fixed to the center of the vibration detector housing (1), and a floating reflector is provided inside the central barrel (4); The vibration detector housing (1) is provided with a plurality of laser emitting parts and a plurality of light-transmitting and reflecting parts. The plurality of laser emitting parts and the plurality of light-transmitting and reflecting parts correspond one to one. Any light-transmitting and reflecting part is located directly above the corresponding laser emitting part. The plurality of laser emitting parts are arranged at equal intervals around the central barrel (4). The vibration detector housing (1) is coaxially fixed to the top of the vibration detector cover plate (7). The vibration detector cover plate (7) has a plurality of first light-transmitting holes (11) in the circumferential direction. The plurality of first light-transmitting holes (11) correspond one-to-one with the plurality of laser emitting parts. The vibration detector cover plate (7) has a second light-transmitting hole (12) in the center. A first illuminance sensor (8) is fixedly connected inside the first light-transmitting hole (11), and a second illuminance sensor (9) is fixedly connected inside the second light-transmitting hole (12); The laser emitting part emits a laser beam that irradiates the corresponding light-transmitting reflective part. The light-transmitting reflective part splits the laser beam into two paths. One path irradiates the corresponding first illuminance sensor (8), while the other path passes through the first light-transmitting optical fiber (6) correspondingly provided on the side wall of the central barrel (4) and irradiates the reflective part. The reflective part reflects the laser beam into the second illuminance sensor (9). The first light-transmitting optical fiber (6) is embedded in the side wall of the central barrel (4).

3. The transformer fault detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The laser emitting part includes a first laser emitter (2), which is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the vibration detector housing (1).

4. The transformer fault detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The light-transmitting and reflecting part includes a first lens (3), the cross section of the first lens (3) is an isosceles triangle structure, the inclined surface of the first lens (3) is the illumination surface, and the side wall of the first lens (3) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vibration detector housing (1).

5. A transformer fault detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reflective part includes a first conical reflector (5), the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the top of a spring (10), the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the vibration detector housing (1), the first conical reflector (5) is provided with a plurality of reflective surfaces, the plurality of reflective surfaces are arranged at equal intervals around the circumference, the plurality of reflective surfaces correspond one-to-one with a plurality of first lenses (3), and the reflective surfaces are arranged parallel to the inclined surfaces of the corresponding first lenses (3).

6. The transformer fault detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acoustic detector (24) includes an acoustic detector housing (27), which is a polygonal structure. A plurality of mounting posts (17) are fixed to the center of the acoustic detector housing (27). The number of the mounting posts (17) is the same as the number of the corners of the acoustic detector housing (27). A diaphragm (15) is fixed between two adjacent mounting posts (17). The diaphragm (15) is parallel to the corresponding sidewall of the acoustic detector housing (27). The bottom end of a fixing post (30) is fixed to the center of the acoustic detector housing (27). A second reflector is fixed to the top end of the fixing post (30). The acoustic detector housing (27) is provided with a plurality of second laser emitting parts and a plurality of second light-transmitting reflective parts. The plurality of second laser emitting parts and the plurality of second light-transmitting reflective parts correspond one to one. Any second light-transmitting reflective part is located directly above the corresponding second laser emitting part. The plurality of second laser emitting parts are arranged at equal intervals around the second reflective part in the circumferential direction. The acoustic detector housing (27) is coaxially fixed to the top of the acoustic detector cover plate (19). The acoustic detector cover plate (19) has a plurality of fourth light-transmitting holes (23) in the circumferential direction. The plurality of fourth light-transmitting holes (23) correspond one-to-one with a plurality of second laser emitting parts. The acoustic detector cover plate (19) has a third light-transmitting hole (22) in the center. A third illuminance sensor (20) is fixedly connected inside the fourth light-transmitting hole (23), and a fourth illuminance sensor (21) is fixedly connected inside the third light-transmitting hole (22); The second laser emitting part emits a laser beam that irradiates the corresponding second light-transmitting and reflecting part. The laser beam is split into two paths by the action of the second light-transmitting and reflecting part. One path of the laser beam irradiates the corresponding third illuminance sensor (20), and the other path of the laser beam passes through the second light-transmitting optical fiber (16) fixed in the middle of the corresponding diaphragm (15) and irradiates the second reflecting part. The second reflecting part reflects the laser beam into the fourth illuminance sensor (21).

7. A transformer fault detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second laser emitting part includes a second laser emitter (14), which is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the acoustic detector housing (27).

8. A transformer fault detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second light-transmitting and reflecting part includes a second lens (13), the cross section of the second lens (13) is an isosceles triangle structure, the inclined surface of the second lens (13) is the illumination surface, and the side wall of the second lens (13) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the acoustic wave detector housing (27).

9. A transformer fault detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second reflective part includes a second conical reflector (18), the bottom of the second conical reflector (18) is fixed to the top of the fixed column (30), the second conical reflector (18) is provided with a plurality of second reflective surfaces, the plurality of second reflective surfaces are arranged at equal intervals around the circumference, the plurality of second reflective surfaces correspond one-to-one with a plurality of second lenses (13), and the second reflective surfaces are arranged parallel to the inclined surfaces of the corresponding second lenses (13).

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