Intelligent response type mine wastewater treatment system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, and discloses an intelligent response type mine wastewater treatment system which comprises a physical treatment subsystem and a control subsystem. The control subsystem calculates a normalized effective contact efficiency factor and a fluid drag strength factor based on the collected fluid flux and source frequency data. The calculation module adjusts the mechanical shear power of the mixing unit according to the effective contact efficiency factor, and keeps the Damkler number in the reaction system constant so as to compensate the contact time loss; and adjusting the excitation current of the separation unit according to the fluid drag strength factor, constructing a dynamic magnetic field gradient balanced with a fluid drag force vector, and executing pre-excitation when an impact precursor is identified. When the fluid drag strength exceeds a physical limit, the system controls the dosing interface to perform supersaturated dosing. Through cooperative regulation and control of a multi-dimensional physical field and chemical potential energy, rapid response and stable treatment of the unsteady hydraulic load are achieved.

Description

Intelligent Response Mine Wastewater Treatment System Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water treatment technology, and in particular to an intelligent responsive mine wastewater treatment system. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mine water treatment, the influent load of the treatment system often exhibits unsteady, large fluctuations due to changes in underground geological conditions and intermittent operation of drainage equipment, and is highly susceptible to instantaneous flow shocks. While widely used magnetic coagulation or loaded sedimentation technologies shorten the hydraulic retention time, their automatic control strategies largely rely on feedback signals from flow meters or water quality analyzers. This post-feedback mechanism has an inherent control time lag. When the hydraulic load undergoes a drastic change, because the transfer speed of fluid momentum is faster than the adjustment response speed of the mechanical actuator, the fluid flow structure inside the reactor is often disrupted before the control system can make adjustments, leading to instability and loss of the magnetic medium bed or incomplete flocculation.

[0003] Furthermore, existing systems typically rely solely on linear adjustments to increase reagent dosage when dealing with high flow rates, neglecting the deterioration of reaction kinetics caused by shortened residence time. They also lack mechanisms for identifying and compensating for the operational limits of physical separation units, making it difficult to maintain stable effluent quality under impact conditions exceeding design loads.

[0004] Therefore, this invention proposes an intelligent responsive mine wastewater treatment system to address the shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent responsive mine wastewater treatment system that solves the problems of unstable effluent quality and loss of magnetic media caused by control response lag and deterioration of reaction kinetics under non-steady-state hydraulic load impact conditions in existing mine wastewater treatment systems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an intelligent responsive mine wastewater treatment system, comprising a physical treatment subsystem and a control subsystem;

[0007] The physical processing subsystem includes, in sequence along the fluid flow direction, a conveying unit, a mixing unit, and a separation unit; the mixing unit is equipped with an energy input interface; the separation unit is equipped with a magnetic potential trap generation interface;

[0008] The control subsystem includes a sensing module, a computing module, and an execution module; the sensing module is configured to collect the operating status data of the physical processing subsystem; the execution module is configured to drive the actuators of the conveying unit, the mixing unit, and the separating unit; wherein, the computing module is configured to:

[0009] Based on the fluid flux data collected by the sensing module, the normalized effective contact efficiency factor and fluid drag intensity factor are calculated.

[0010] Based on the effective contact efficiency factor, an instruction is generated to adjust the output power of the energy input interface to perform nonlinear shear compensation for contact time loss.

[0011] The excitation current of the magnetic potential trap generation interface is adjusted according to the fluid drag strength factor to construct a magnetic field gradient on the fluid path that is opposite to the direction of the fluid drag force.

[0012] When the fluid drag intensity factor exceeds the preset physical limit drag factor, a control dosing interface is generated to execute an instruction for oversaturation dosing.

[0013] Preferably, the sensing module includes a source state monitor associated with the conveying unit; the calculation module is internally configured with an advanced flow state analysis unit, which is configured to: collect the operating frequency data fed back by the source state monitor in real time and calculate the time derivative of the operating frequency data; when the time derivative of the operating frequency data exceeds a preset dynamic response threshold, it is determined to be an impending shock, and a pre-excitation command is sent to the magnetic potential trap generation interface to establish the basic magnetic field gradient in advance.

[0014] Preferably, the calculation module is internally configured with a kinetic compensation calculation unit, which is configured to: take maintaining the Damköhler number in the reaction system as the control objective; calculate the shear power value required by the mixing unit using a power-law relationship model based on the turbulent micro-mixing theory, according to the effective contact efficiency factor; the shear power value increases exponentially with the decrease of the effective contact efficiency factor.

[0015] Preferably, the calculation module is internally configured with a vector countermeasure control unit, which is configured to: calculate the vector anchoring current required to maintain the macroscopic morphological stability of the magnetic medium bed based on the fluid drag strength factor; such that the magnetic hysteresis force generated by the vector anchoring current is greater than or equal to the fluid drag force, thereby forming a vector balance with the fluid drag force.

[0016] Preferably, the vector countermeasure control unit is further configured to perform dynamic differential compensation: calculate the rate of change of the fluid drag intensity factor; when the rate of change exceeds a preset value, superimpose an instantaneous overshoot component on the vector anchoring current to compensate for the magnetic field establishment delay caused by the inductive effect of the electromagnetic coil.

[0017] Preferably, the calculation module is internally configured with a frequency conversion pulse modulation unit, which is configured to: generate a pulse modulation waveform with asymmetric timing characteristics based on the current reference value calculated by the calculation module; the pulse modulation waveform is divided into an anchoring state and a relaxation state within one signal cycle; during the anchoring state, the excitation current is maintained to constrain the magnetic medium, and during the relaxation state, the excitation current is reduced or reversed to reconstruct the pores of the medium bed using fluid shear force.

[0018] Preferably, the sensing module includes differential pressure monitors disposed at the inlet and outlet of the separation unit; the variable frequency pulse modulation unit is further configured to perform differential pressure feedback sweep frequency control: dynamically adjust the modulation frequency of the pulse modulation waveform according to the differential pressure signal fed back by the differential pressure monitor; increase the modulation frequency when the differential pressure signal exceeds the preset fluidization range; and introduce a random jitter term into the modulation frequency to discretize and perturb the basic modulation frequency.

[0019] Preferably, the calculation module is internally configured with a gradient-driven decision unit, which is configured to: store the physical limit drag factor, which represents the upper limit of fluid drag intensity that the magnetic potential trap generation interface can balance; when the fluid drag intensity factor calculated in real time exceeds the physical limit drag factor, calculate the target supersaturation ratio based on a logarithmic growth model including a chemical sensitivity coefficient, and control the dosing interface to increase the dosage in a non-linear manner.

[0020] Preferably, the separation unit adopts an upward flow structure with water entering from the bottom and exiting from the top; the magnetic potential trap generation interface includes an electromagnetic coil array arranged at the bottom of the separation unit, the electromagnetic coil array being configured to generate a magnetic field gradient force in a vertically downward direction.

[0021] Preferably, the sensing module includes: a source status monitor configured to read the operating frequency signal or motor input power signal of the conveying unit driver; a flux monitor disposed on the fluid pipeline between the conveying unit and the mixing unit, configured to collect the instantaneous volumetric flow rate in the fluid pipeline; and a differential pressure monitor, wherein the high-pressure tap of the differential pressure monitor is disposed in the water inlet area of ​​the separation unit, and the low-pressure tap of the differential pressure monitor is disposed in the water outlet area of ​​the separation unit.

[0022] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] 1. This invention uses a source status monitor to collect the rate of change of the operating frequency of upstream drive equipment. Before the fluid flux actually reaches the physical processing unit, it identifies potential shock precursors and triggers the pre-excitation operation of the magnetic potential trap, overcoming the lag in magnetic field establishment caused by the inductive effect of the electromagnetic coil on the time axis. Simultaneously, the system constructs a graded response mechanism based on the real-time calculated fluid drag intensity factor. Within the normal fluctuation range, it maintains physical retention by utilizing the vector balance between the magnetic field gradient force and the fluid drag force. When the physical limit drag factor is exceeded, it automatically switches to a chemical supersaturation dosing mode to compensate using a high chemical potential energy gradient, thereby ensuring the stability of the effluent water quality under unsteady, large-scale load changes.

[0024] 2. This invention establishes a nonlinear dynamic compensation mechanism based on an effective contact efficiency factor. Addressing the issue of shortened reaction residence time due to increased fluid flux, it modifies the turbulent energy dissipation rate within the mixing unit by adjusting the output power of the energy input interface. This mechanism exponentially increases the mechanical shear input based on the loss of contact time, thereby reducing the micro-mixing scale of the fluid and forcibly maintaining a constant Darmqueös number within the reaction system. This solves the problem of decreased reagent utilization due to insufficient mixing and inadequate reaction time in traditional constant-speed stirring modes under increased hydraulic load.

[0025] 3. This invention employs a magnetic field control strategy based on variable frequency pulse modulation. By generating pulse modulation waveforms with asymmetric timing characteristics, the magnetic medium bed within the separation unit is controlled to periodically switch between an anchored and relaxed state. The fluid shear force during the relaxation state is used to reconstruct the medium porosity to prevent particle caking. Combined with differential pressure feedback frequency sweep control logic, the system can dynamically adjust the modulation frequency and introduce random disturbances based on real-time changes in bed fluid resistance. This ensures effective magnetic confinement of the magnetic medium while maintaining good bed permeability, avoiding channel blockage that easily occurs under long-term constant magnetic field conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the intelligent responsive mine wastewater treatment system of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic flowchart of the intelligent response-type mine wastewater treatment method of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 is a dynamic modulation timing waveform diagram of the excitation current of the separation unit of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 is a comparison curve of the control response of the system of the present invention under hydraulic impact conditions;

[0030] Figure 5 is a curve showing the dynamic correlation between differential pressure feedback and modulation frequency in this invention.

[0031] Among them, 100 is the physical processing subsystem; 110 is the conveying unit; 120 is the mixing unit; 130 is the separation unit; 200 is the control subsystem; 210 is the sensing module; 220 is the calculation module; and 230 is the execution module. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to Figures 1-5.

[0033] Referring to Figure 1, Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a smart responsive mine wastewater treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The present invention provides a smart responsive mine wastewater treatment system, which includes a physical treatment subsystem 100 and a control subsystem 200. The physical treatment subsystem 100 is configured to perform fluid transport, reaction, and separation operations. The control subsystem 200 is electrically connected to the physical treatment subsystem 100 and is configured to collect physical process data and regulate the operating parameters of the physical treatment subsystem 100.

[0034] The physical processing subsystem 100 includes, in sequence along the fluid flow direction, a conveying unit 110, a mixing unit 120, and a separation unit 130. The conveying unit 110 serves as the hydraulic load input source for the system, providing the fluid to be treated to subsequent units. The mixing unit 120 is located downstream of the conveying unit 110 and is equipped with an energy input interface for inputting mechanical shear power into the fluid. The separation unit 130 is located downstream of the mixing unit 120 and is equipped with a magnetic potential trap generation interface for constructing a magnetic field gradient along the fluid path and applying a magnetic hysteresis force opposite to the direction of the fluid drag force to the magnetic medium in the fluid.

[0035] The control subsystem 200 includes a sensing module 210, a computing module 220, and an execution module 230. The sensing module 210 includes sensor components distributed in the physical processing subsystem 100 for acquiring system operating status data. Specifically, the sensing module 210 includes a source status monitor associated with the conveying unit 110, a flow monitor installed in the fluid pipeline, and a differential pressure monitor installed at the inlet and outlet of the separation unit 130. The computing module 220 is communicatively connected to the sensing module 210 and the execution module 230, respectively, receives the data collected by the sensing module 210, and generates control commands. The execution module 230 serves as a hardware driver interface and is connected to the corresponding actuators of the conveying unit 110, the mixing unit 120, and the separation unit 130, respectively, for responding to the control commands issued by the computing module 220.

[0036] Referring to Figure 2, Figure 2 is a schematic flowchart of an intelligent responsive mine wastewater treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The present invention provides an intelligent responsive mine wastewater treatment method, comprising the following steps:

[0037] S100: Collects the fluid flux data and the operating frequency data of the upstream conveying unit at the current moment; calculates the time derivative of the operating frequency; when the time derivative exceeds the preset threshold, it is determined to be an impact precursor and triggers the pre-excitation operation; calculates the normalized effective contact efficiency factor and fluid drag strength factor based on the fluid flux data.

[0038] S200 calculates the shear power required for the mixing unit based on the effective contact efficiency factor, and maintains the Darmquer number in the reaction system by adjusting the output power of the energy input interface, thereby performing nonlinear shear compensation for contact time loss.

[0039] S300 calculates the magnetic hysteresis force required for the separation unit based on the fluid drag intensity factor; constructs a dynamic magnetic field gradient opposite to the direction of the fluid drag force vector through the magnetic potential trap generation interface; this magnetic field gradient is generated by coupling the vector anchoring component that is dynamically balanced with the fluid drag intensity and the frequency-modulated pulse modulation function with a relaxed duty cycle; collects the inlet and outlet pressure difference data of the separation unit, and adjusts the frequency of the frequency-modulated pulse modulation function according to the pressure difference data;

[0040] S400 compares the fluid drag intensity factor with the preset physical limit drag factor; when the fluid drag intensity factor exceeds the physical limit drag factor, the control dosing interface performs supersaturation dosing, using the chemical potential energy gradient to drive interphase mass transfer.

[0041] The intelligent responsive mine wastewater treatment system provided in this embodiment of the invention adopts a layered coupled architecture, including a physical treatment subsystem 100 and a control subsystem 200. The physical treatment subsystem 100 performs physical operations such as fluid transport, mixing reaction, and solid-liquid separation. The control subsystem 200 constructs a closed-loop control circuit, and adjusts the operating parameters of the physical treatment subsystem 100 by collecting physical process data and calculating control commands to respond to unsteady hydraulic load changes.

[0042] A bidirectional data exchange channel is established between the control subsystem 200 and the physical processing subsystem 100. The data flow flows from the physical processing subsystem 100 to the control subsystem 200, covering multi-dimensional physical quantities such as fluid flux, pressure distribution, and equipment operating status; the control flow flows from the control subsystem 200 to the physical processing subsystem 100, covering drive commands such as power regulation, excitation current modulation, and dosing control.

[0043] The physical processing subsystem 100 includes, in sequence along the fluid flow path, a conveying unit 110, a mixing unit 120, and a separation unit 130.

[0044] The delivery unit 110 is configured as a fluid delivery source to supply the fluid to be processed to the system. The delivery unit 110 includes fluid power equipment, such as a centrifugal pump or a submersible pump, whose operating status directly determines the hydraulic load input of the system; the operating parameters of the fluid delivery source, including the motor drive frequency or shaft power, are monitored in real time and transmitted to the control subsystem 200 as pre-variables characterizing the system input load status.

[0045] The mixing unit 120 is fluidly connected downstream of the conveying unit 110, serving as a turbulent energy dissipation domain. The mixing unit 120 is equipped with an energy input interface for inputting mechanical shear energy into the fluid flowing through this region. This energy input interface is connected to an actuator, which can be a variable frequency drive mixer or a hydraulic shear generator. Upon receiving a power adjustment command, the actuator changes the impeller speed or jet intensity, thereby adjusting the turbulent shear rate and micro-vortex scale within the mixing unit 120. This energy input adjustment mechanism compensates for the shortened contact time caused by the increased fluid flux, ensuring effective collision and mixing of the reagent and particles at the Kolmogorov scale.

[0046] The separation unit 130 is fluidly connected to the downstream of the mixing unit 120, serving as a magnetic field gradient constraint domain. The separation unit 130 is equipped with a magnetic potential well generation interface, used to construct a magnetic field with a specific spatial gradient distribution along the fluid path. The magnetic potential well generation interface specifically includes an electromagnetic coil array arranged outside or inside the separation unit 130. The electromagnetic coil array is spatially arranged relative to the fluid flow direction to generate a magnetic field gradient force opposite to the direction of the fluid drag force. For example, when the separation unit 130 adopts an upward flow structure with bottom inlet and top outlet, the electromagnetic coil array is arranged at the bottom or lower side wall of the separation unit 130, and the generated magnetic field gradient force is vertically downward, thereby applying a downward magnetic retention force to the upward-moving magnetic flocs in the fluid. This magnetic retention force, as a virtual gravity, forms a vector antagonistic relationship with the fluid drag force, used to maintain the dynamic balance of the magnetic medium bed. The magnetic potential well generation interface is connected to an excitation drive circuit, which can quickly adjust the amplitude, frequency, and waveform of the excitation current according to control commands to achieve dynamic modulation of the magnetic field strength and distribution.

[0047] Through the above-described physical layout and functional interface configuration, the physical processing subsystem 100 provides the control subsystem 200 with an adjustable physical operating object. The conveying unit 110 provides load input, the mixing unit 120 provides a controllable energy dissipation environment, and the separation unit 130 provides a controllable magnetic field confinement environment, together forming a fluid processing system capable of responding to external shocks and maintaining internal steady state.

[0048] The sensing module 210 serves as the data acquisition front end of the control subsystem 200 and includes sensor components distributed at key process nodes of the physical processing subsystem 100. These sensor components are configured to convert the fluid dynamics state of the physical field and the operating state of the equipment into digital electrical signals and transmit them to the computing module 220. The sensing module 210 specifically includes a source state monitor, a flux monitor, and a differential pressure monitor.

[0049] The source condition monitor is associated with the conveying unit 110. In embodiments where the conveying unit 110 uses a variable frequency speed control pump set as the fluid power source, the source condition monitor is configured with a digital communication interface or an electrical parameter acquisition circuit to directly read the operating frequency signal of the pump set driver. Alternatively, it can be the motor input power signal. The source condition monitor does not directly measure the fluid medium itself, but rather monitors the electrical status of the source equipment that generates the fluid power. Because the frequency adjustment actions of the mechanical equipment precede the actual changes in fluid flow, this configuration allows the control system to capture precursor signals of hydraulic load changes, thereby addressing the physical lag problem of fluid transmission in the pipeline on the time axis.

[0050] A flux monitor is installed on the main fluid pipeline between the delivery unit 110 and the mixing unit 120. Specifically, the flux monitor is configured as an electromagnetic flowmeter or an ultrasonic flowmeter, used to collect the instantaneous volumetric flow rate within the fluid pipeline in real time. This instantaneous volumetric flow rate data reflects the absolute value of the actual hydraulic load entering the physical processing subsystem 100 at the current moment, and is the basic variable for subsequent calculations of the residence time and velocity of the fluid in each processing unit.

[0051] The differential pressure monitor is connected in a gas-liquid connection between the fluid inlet and outlet of the separation unit 130. Specifically, the differential pressure monitor is configured as an industrial differential pressure transmitter, with its high-pressure tap located at the bottom water inlet area of ​​the separation unit 130 or below the magnetic media bed, and its low-pressure tap located at the top water outlet area of ​​the separation unit 130 or above the magnetic media bed. The differential pressure monitor is used to measure in real time the fluid resistance loss generated when the fluid flows through the magnetic media bed inside the separation unit 130, i.e., the differential pressure value. The differential pressure value directly characterizes the porosity and density of the magnetic medium bed. When the bed is too dense or clogged, the increased fluid resistance leads to a higher differential pressure value. When the bed is in a fluidized or loose state, the differential pressure value remains within a specific range. Regarding the selection and installation method of the differential pressure transmitter, those skilled in the art can choose between diaphragm or flange structures based on the corrosiveness of the medium and the range requirements; further details are omitted here.

[0052] The calculation module 220 is internally equipped with an advanced flow regime analysis unit. This advanced flow regime analysis unit is responsible for processing real-time data from the sensing module 210, aiming to solve the problems of magnetic field establishment lag and fluid transport delay in the physical processing subsystem 100, and to convert absolute physical quantities into normalized characteristic parameters suitable for dynamic control. The specific workflow of the advanced flow regime analysis unit is as follows:

[0053] S110, Impact Precursor Identification. The system synchronously acquires data at a high-frequency sampling rate for the current moment. Operating frequency of the upstream fluid transport source To capture early signals of sudden changes in hydraulic load, the system calculates the first derivative of the transmission frequency with respect to time, i.e., the rate of change, in real time. The instantaneous rate of change of the transmission frequency is considered to be at a certain threshold when the following criterion is met:

[0054] ;

[0055] in, The preset dynamic response threshold is used. The system determines that a hydraulic shock is about to occur. After this determination is triggered, the calculation module 220 does not wait for the actual increase in the flow rate value of the flux monitor, but directly sends a pre-excitation command to the magnetic potential trap generation interface of the separation unit 130 to establish the basic magnetic field gradient in advance to compensate for the physical lag time in the process of establishing the magnetic induction intensity.

[0056] S120, Normalized flow characteristic parameter calculation. To adapt the control strategy to reactor structures with different geometries, the system defines and calculates two normalized flow parameters: effective contact efficiency factor. With fluid drag intensity factor .

[0057] Effective contact efficiency factor Used to characterize the current fluid flux The time-dependent effectiveness of drug diffusion and micro-mixing within mixing unit 120 is calculated using the following formula:

[0058] ;

[0059] in, Let be the characteristic volume function of the system. In this embodiment, the characteristic effective volume function is defined by the following linear decay model:

[0060] ;

[0061] In the formula, The physical geometric volume of the hybrid unit 120; The system's rated reference flow rate; This is the hydraulic dead zone growth coefficient. The value typically ranges from 0.1 to 0.3, and the specific value is determined by a prior tracer residence time distribution (RTD) experiment. It is used to reflect the physical phenomenon that an increase in flow rate leads to a decrease in the proportion of the effective mixing zone within the reactor.

[0062] Fluid drag strength factor This is used to characterize the entrainment potential energy generated by fluid momentum on suspended particles within separation unit 130. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0063] ;

[0064] in, This represents the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the current flow within the magnetic field gradient confinement domain of the separation unit 130. The area calculated here... Has velocity dimension This parameter directly reflects the average longitudinal migration rate of the fluid within the constrained domain. It serves as the core input variable for subsequent vector adversarial control, used to quantify the impact intensity of the fluid on the magnetic medium bed.

[0065] The calculation module 220 includes a dynamic compensation calculation unit, which is configured to calculate the turbulent energy input required to maintain the steady state of the reaction system based on normalized flow characteristic parameters. This unit addresses the problem of shortened reaction residence time caused by increased fluid flux through nonlinear control logic. Its specific calculation and control flow includes:

[0066] S210 sets a constant control target for reaction kinetics. Under unsteady hydraulic conditions, to ensure that the reaction conversion rate between the reagent and the pollutant does not decrease with fluctuations in fluid flux, the system sets the dimensionless Damcole number as a constant control target. The Damcole number is defined here as the ratio of the average residence time of the fluid in mixing unit 120 to the characteristic timescale of the chemical reaction. When the effective contact efficiency factor output by the advanced flow regime analysis unit... A decrease in the fluid residence time indicates a reduction in the fluid's residence time. To maintain a constant Darmck-Köhler number, the characteristic timescale of the chemical reaction must be shortened. The kinetic compensation computational unit increases the mechanical energy input and enhances the turbulent dissipation rate, thereby reducing the microscopic mixing scale of the fluid, i.e., the Kolmogorov scale, and thus forcibly accelerates the reaction kinetics.

[0067] S220 performs nonlinear power compensation calculations. The dynamic compensation calculation unit is based on the effective contact efficiency factor. The required shear power at the current moment is calculated using a pre-defined nonlinear compensation model. This nonlinear compensation model is not merely a simple scaling up, but rather a power-law relationship built upon the theory of turbulent micromixing. The required shear power is calculated using the following formula:

[0068] ;

[0069] in, This represents the baseline operating power of the system at its rated design flow rate. This is the reference contact time of the system at its rated design flow rate; This is the turbulent mixing sensitivity index.

[0070] In this formula, the sensitivity index It is an empirical constant greater than 1, the value of which is determined through preliminary beaker experiments or pilot-scale experiments. It characterizes the sensitivity of the reaction rate constant to the turbulent dissipation rate under specific water quality characteristics and reagent systems. In specific embodiments, The value ranges from 1.2 to 2.5; for a typical coal mine water coagulation reaction system, The preferred value is 1.5. This value was obtained by measuring and fitting the floc growth rate at different shear rates using a prior beaker experiment. Because there is a nonlinear inverse relationship between the turbulent energy dissipation rate and the microscopic vortex timescale, when... When the time lag decreases linearly, the required mechanical power must increase exponentially to achieve the same proportional mixing time compensation. This computational model clarifies how the control system nonlinearly adjusts the input intensity of physical energy according to the change in lag time.

[0071] S230 generates drive commands and boundary limits. The calculated shear power value... This is converted into the corresponding motor drive frequency or current command and sent to the execution module. Simultaneously, this unit includes power boundary limit logic; when the calculated... When the rated power of the physical equipment is exceeded, the system will output the maximum rated power and simultaneously trigger the subsequent gradient chemical dosing compensation logic to prevent overload damage to the actuator.

[0072] The computing module 220 is internally equipped with a vector countermeasure control unit. The core function of this control unit is to construct a magnetic field confinement environment capable of dynamically resisting fluid erosion by adjusting the electromagnetic field strength within the separation unit 130. This vector countermeasure control unit operates based on the fluid drag strength factor. The reference value of the excitation current required to maintain the macroscopic stability of the magnetic medium bed was calculated, i.e., the vector anchoring current. The specific control logic is as follows:

[0073] S310, Establish a mechanical equilibrium control model. During the operation of separation unit 130, the magnetic flocs are mainly subjected to the fluid drag force along the fluid flow direction and the magnetic retention force along the magnetic field gradient direction. To prevent the magnetic flocs from being lost with the water flow, the vector countermeasure control unit sets the control objective as follows: the magnetic retention force must always be greater than or equal to the fluid drag force. The system generates an equivalent magnetic gravity force that is opposite in direction and controllable in magnitude to the fluid drag force by adjusting the amplitude of the excitation current. This unit dynamically adjusts the excitation current by analyzing the dynamic state of the fluid in real time, so that the magnetic field's adsorption and constraint ability on the magnetic particles maintains a vector balance with the current fluid impact intensity.

[0074] S320 calculates the vector anchoring current. The vector countermeasure control unit receives the fluid drag intensity factor from the advanced flow regime analysis unit. And the anchoring current is calculated based on the preset magneto-fluid coupling model. The calculation process follows these physical relationships: the fluid drag force is proportional to a power of the flow velocity, while the magnetic force generated by the electromagnetic coil is a function of the excitation current. To maintain force balance, the formula for calculating the anchoring current is set as follows:

[0075] ;

[0076] in, The magnetic circuit coupling gain coefficient of the system is a constant obtained by pre-calibrating the number of turns of the electromagnetic coil, the permeability of the iron core, and the geometric structure factor of the flow channel of the separation unit 130. It is used to convert the velocity dimension into the current intensity dimension. The fluid drag response index typically ranges from 1.0 to 2.0, depending on the Reynolds number state (laminar or turbulent) of the fluid within the separation unit. It reflects the nonlinear growth trend of fluid drag force as the flow velocity changes. It serves as the base bias current, used to maintain a minimum magnetic field gradient under zero or low flow conditions, preventing the magnetic medium bed from completely disintegrating.

[0077] S330 performs dynamic differential compensation. During transient processes with rapidly changing hydraulic loads, to overcome the delay in magnetic field establishment caused by the inductive effect of the electromagnetic coil, the vector countermeasure control unit introduces a compensation mechanism based on the rate of change of fluid drag intensity, building upon the aforementioned steady-state calculations. The vector countermeasure control unit uses the steady-state anchoring current... The dynamic differential component is superimposed to generate the final total excitation control command sent to the magnetomotive force well generation drive interface. The calculation logic for the total excitation control command is as follows:

[0078] ;

[0079] in, This is the dynamic differential gain coefficient, used to set the intensity of the magnetic field's response to the rate of change of flow velocity. This coefficient makes... In the instant of rapid increase, the system is able to An instantaneous overshoot current is superimposed on top of this.

[0080] This control strategy ensures that the response speed of the magnetic field strength is faster than the transfer speed of fluid momentum at the instant of sudden increase in flow rate, thereby effectively suppressing the fluid impact on the time axis and ensuring the structural integrity of the magnetic medium bed under unsteady conditions.

[0081] when When the time derivative exceeds a preset value, the cell will... An instantaneous overshoot component is superimposed on top. This control strategy ensures that the response speed of the magnetic field strength is faster than the transfer speed of fluid momentum at the instant of sudden increase in flow velocity, thereby effectively suppressing the fluid impact on the time axis and ensuring the structural integrity of the magnetic medium bed under unsteady conditions.

[0082] Referring to Figure 3, the calculation module 220 further includes a frequency conversion pulse modulation unit configured to generate dynamic modulation commands for the magnetic field waveform of the control separation unit 130. The frequency conversion pulse modulation unit does not output a constant DC excitation signal, but rather based on a calculated vector anchoring current. This generates asymmetric pulse waveforms with specific timing characteristics. This modulation strategy aims to impart a periodic micro-motion characteristic to the magnetic dielectric bed, a "breathing" effect, to address the problems of dielectric caking and channel blockage caused by prolonged constant magnetic field action. The specific operating logic of the frequency conversion pulse modulation unit is as follows:

[0083] S410 generates asymmetric pulse timing. The frequency conversion pulse modulation unit constructs an asymmetric pulse modulation function. and apply it to the vector anchoring current. The modulation function divides the controlled magnetic field into two distinct states within a complete signal cycle: an anchored state and a relaxed state. This modulation strategy causes the magnetic medium bed to undergo periodic expansion and contraction at the microscopic level, preventing the formation of permanent dense packing between particles.

[0084] During the anchoring state, the excitation current output by the frequency conversion pulse modulation unit remains at [a certain level]. The magnetic medium is kept firmly bound by the fluid, or slightly above this level, to prevent it from being lost with the fluid. During the relaxation state, the frequency conversion pulse modulation unit controls the excitation current to drop rapidly to zero or applies a reverse demagnetizing current, so that the magnetic medium loses its magnetic binding force in a very short time and uses the shear force of the fluid itself to achieve rearrangement and pore release at the micro level.

[0085] The frequency conversion pulse modulation unit defines the relaxation duty cycle. This is the ratio of the relaxation state duration to the total cycle time. To achieve anti-clogging functionality while ensuring retention efficiency, The value is typically set to a small value, such as 0.05 to 0.15. This means that the magnetic field operates at a high intensity for most of the operating time, releasing its binding force within a very short time window. This asymmetric timing design ensures that the magnetic bed remains macroscopically stable while exhibiting periodic expansion and contraction at the microscopic level, thus preventing permanent adhesion between particles.

[0086] Referring to Figure 5, S420, differential pressure feedback frequency sweep control is executed. The frequency conversion pulse modulation unit reads the differential pressure signal fed back by the differential pressure monitor in real time. When the differential pressure signal The continuously increasing trend indicates that as the porosity of the magnetic medium bed decreases, the frequency conversion pulse modulation unit will dynamically adjust the modulation frequency. .

[0087] To avoid the formation of stable structural resonance nodes or standing wave effects in the magnetic medium due to single-frequency vibration, thereby creating local processing dead zones, the frequency conversion pulse modulation unit introduces a random jitter term. The fundamental modulation frequency is discretized and perturbed. The calculation of the modulation frequency follows this logic:

[0088] ;

[0089] in, The modulation frequency applied to the excitation system at the current moment; The reference modulation frequency set for the system is typically related to the mechanical response frequency of the magnetic particles; This is the differential pressure feedback gain coefficient, used to set the sensitivity of the frequency to changes in resistance; This represents the currently measured bed pressure difference; This is the reference pressure difference value under ideal loose conditions; It is a random frequency jitter quantity with uniform distribution characteristics.

[0090] Through the above control logic, when the bed in the separation unit 130 tends to become clogged (i.e. When the frequency is increased, the frequency conversion pulse modulation unit automatically increases the modulation frequency. This increases the frequency of micro-vibration of bed particles, promoting the discharge of fine suspended matter and loosening of the bed; simultaneously, random shaking... The presence of this disrupts the fixed vibration pattern, preventing particles from accumulating at specific locations. This strategy, combining frequency conversion and sweep frequency, ensures that the separation unit 130 maintains stable hydraulic flux and filtration efficiency during long-term operation.

[0091] Referring to Figure 4, the calculation module 220 further includes a gradient-driven decision-making unit, which is configured to handle the overload condition when the physical processing subsystem 100 reaches its physical regulation limit. When the fluid impact intensity exceeds the theoretical upper limit of the magnetic field constraint, relying solely on the "vector resistance" of the physical field is insufficient to maintain the system's steady state. At this time, the gradient-driven decision-making unit activates the chemical potential energy driving logic, constructing a high-gradient chemical potential energy environment to forcibly accelerate the phase transition and flocculation processes, thereby compensating for the insufficient physical constraint force with the enhancement of chemical forces. The specific operating logic of the gradient-driven decision-making unit is as follows:

[0092] S510, Physical Limit Boundary Determination. The gradient-driven decision unit stores a preset physical limit drag factor. This parameter characterizes the upper limit of the fluid drag intensity that the maximum magnetic field gradient force provided by the magnetic potential trap generation interface can balance under the current hardware configuration of the separation unit 130. The gradient-driven decision unit monitors the fluid drag intensity factor output by the advanced flow regime analysis unit in real time. .when The value exceeds At that time, the gradient-driven decision unit determines that the system has entered the physical overload region and immediately triggers the chemical potential energy compensation mode.

[0093] S520, supersaturation ratio and chemical potential energy gradient construction. In the chemical potential energy compensation mode, the core task of the gradient-driven decision unit is to calculate the supersaturation ratio sufficient to resist the current excessive fluid impact. The supersaturation ratio is defined here as the ratio of the solute concentration product within the reaction system to the equilibrium solute concentration product, which directly determines the chemical potential gradient during solid-liquid separation. .

[0094] The gradient-driven decision unit calculates the target oversaturation ratio based on the degree of physical overload using the following logarithmic model:

[0095] ;

[0096] in, The target oversaturation ratio set for the current moment; Real-time fluid drag intensity factor; This is the physical limit drag factor; This refers to the chemical sensitivity coefficient. In this embodiment, the chemical sensitivity coefficient... The value range is set to 0.5 to 1.5. This coefficient is preset based on the type of coagulant used (such as polyaluminum chloride or polyacrylamide) and the colloidal stability of the wastewater. The larger the value, the greater the amount of chemical energy compensation the system calls upon when dealing with physical overload.

[0097] The physicochemical principle upon which this formula is based is: chemical potential. With supersaturation There is a thermodynamic relationship between them Gradient-driven decision units calculate... In fact, it defines the required increment of chemical potential for the system. When When it is greater than 1, This increases the concentration of chemicals in the chemical dosing system. Higher concentrations... A large chemical potential gradient was constructed within the reaction system. The presence of this high energy gradient shortens the induction period of crystal nucleation and increases the van der Waals attraction and chemical bonding between tiny particles, making the generated floc structure more compact and thus possessing higher shear resistance and settling velocity to offset the adverse effects of high flow velocity.

[0098] S530 generates chemical potential energy driving commands. The gradient-driven decision unit will calculate the... This is mapped to the action command of the dosing pump. This command does not directly correspond to the flow rate ratio, but rather controls the instantaneous reagent concentration in the reaction zone. The gradient-driven decision unit controls the dosing equipment to increase the dosage in a non-linear manner, ensuring that at the critical point of physical field failure, dissolved or colloidal pollutants are forcibly converted into stable solid particles that can be captured by the magnetic field through a step release of chemical potential energy.

[0099] The execution module 230, as the end effector of the control subsystem 200, is equipped with multiple dedicated hardware driver interfaces for converting the digital control commands output by the computing module 220 into analog electrical energy signals or mechanical motion signals to drive the physical equipment. The specific configuration and operation of the execution module 230 are as follows:

[0100] S610, Energy Input Drive Interface Configuration. The energy input drive interface is electrically connected to the mechanical stirring device or dynamic mixer drive motor of the mixing unit 120. In specific hardware implementations, the energy input drive interface is configured as a vector-type frequency converter or servo drive controller. When it receives the shear power command output from the dynamic compensation calculation unit... Subsequently, the energy input drive interface executes the speed regulation action. Since the shaft power and speed of fluid machinery follow a cubic physical law, the energy input drive interface has a pre-set power-speed mapping logic that converts the target power command into the corresponding motor drive frequency signal. This configuration allows the mixing unit 120 to accurately input the calculated turbulent dissipation energy into the fluid, thereby physically altering the microscopic mixing scale of the fluid and ensuring that reaction kinetics do not deteriorate with fluctuations in fluid flux.

[0101] S620, Magnetoresistive Trap Generation Drive Interface Configuration. The magnetoresistive trap generation drive interface is electrically connected to the electromagnetic excitation coil of the separation unit 130. To respond to the complex waveform commands output by the frequency conversion pulse modulation unit, the magnetoresistive trap generation drive interface does not use a conventional DC regulated power supply, but is instead configured as a bipolar programmable constant current source or a high-frequency PWM power amplifier with fast dynamic response capabilities. This drive interface has four-quadrant operation capability and can respond to the anchoring current generated by the vector countermeasure control unit. And the asymmetric modulation signal generated by the frequency conversion pulse modulation unit. The magnetomotive force trap generation drive interface adjusts the amplitude, polarity and duty cycle of the output current in milliseconds through the internal high-bandwidth current loop control circuit to ensure that the actual magnetic induction intensity generated by the excitation coil can accurately reproduce the timing waveform set by the calculation module 220, thereby establishing a magnetic field gradient environment inside the separation unit 130 that can dynamically resist fluid drag and has anti-clogging function.

[0102] S630, Dosing Execution Interface Configuration. The dosing execution interface signal is connected to the metering pump unit of the chemical dosing system. This interface is configured as a digital pulse frequency controller or analog control circuit, specifically for responding to the oversaturation ratio output of the gradient-driven decision unit. Instructions. During operation, the dosing execution interface uses the real-time flow rate collected by the flux monitor. With the target oversaturation ratio The interface calculates the required mass flow rate for reagent dosing in real time. It converts the calculation results into a stroke frequency signal from the metering pump or a speed signal from the stepper motor, controlling the instantaneous injection volume of the reagent. This configuration ensures that the reagent dosing process is not merely a simple flow rate ratio follower, but rather enables nonlinear, high-concentration dosing under physically extreme conditions, based on the decisions of the gradient-driven decision unit, to construct the required chemical potential gradient.

Claims

1. An intelligent responsive mine wastewater treatment system, characterized in that, The system includes a physical processing subsystem and a control subsystem. The physical processing subsystem, along the fluid flow direction, sequentially includes a conveying unit, a mixing unit, and a separation unit. The mixing unit is equipped with an energy input interface. The separation unit is equipped with a magnetic potential trap generation interface. The control subsystem includes a sensing module, a calculation module, and an execution module. The sensing module is configured to collect operating status data of the physical processing subsystem. The execution module is configured to drive the actuators of the conveying unit, the mixing unit, and the separation unit. The calculation module is configured to: calculate a normalized effective contact efficiency factor and a fluid drag intensity factor based on the fluid flux data collected by the sensing module; generate an instruction to adjust the output power of the energy input interface based on the effective contact efficiency factor to perform nonlinear shear compensation for contact time loss; generate an instruction to adjust the excitation current of the magnetic potential trap generation interface based on the fluid drag intensity factor to construct a magnetic field gradient opposite to the direction of the fluid drag force along the fluid path; and generate an instruction to control the dosing interface to perform oversaturation dosing when the fluid drag intensity factor exceeds a preset physical limit drag factor.

2. The intelligent responsive mine wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing module includes a source state monitor associated with the conveying unit; the calculation module is internally configured with an advanced flow state analysis unit, which is configured to: collect the operating frequency data fed back by the source state monitor in real time and calculate the time derivative of the operating frequency data; when the time derivative of the operating frequency data exceeds a preset dynamic response threshold, it is determined to be an impending shock, and a pre-excitation command is sent to the magnetic potential trap generation interface to establish the basic magnetic field gradient in advance.

3. The intelligent responsive mine wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation module is equipped with a kinetic compensation calculation unit, which is configured to: take maintaining the Damköhler number in the reaction system as the control objective; calculate the shear power value required by the mixing unit using a power-law relationship model based on the turbulent micro-mixing theory, based on the effective contact efficiency factor; and the shear power value increases exponentially with the decrease of the effective contact efficiency factor.

4. The intelligent responsive mine wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation module is equipped with a vector countermeasure control unit, which is configured to: calculate the vector anchoring current required to maintain the macroscopic morphological stability of the magnetic medium bed based on the fluid drag strength factor; and make the magnetic hysteresis force generated by the vector anchoring current greater than or equal to the fluid drag force, thereby forming a vector balance with the fluid drag force.

5. The intelligent responsive mine wastewater treatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The vector countermeasure control unit is also configured to perform dynamic differential compensation: calculate the rate of change of the fluid drag intensity factor; when the rate of change exceeds a preset value, add an instantaneous overshoot component to the vector anchoring current to compensate for the magnetic field establishment delay caused by the inductance effect of the electromagnetic coil.

6. The intelligent responsive mine wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation module is internally configured with a frequency conversion pulse modulation unit, which is configured to generate a pulse modulation waveform with asymmetric timing characteristics based on the current reference value calculated by the calculation module. The pulse modulation waveform is divided into an anchored state and a relaxed state within one signal cycle; During the anchoring state, the excitation current is maintained to confine the magnetic medium, and during the relaxation state, the excitation current is reduced or reversed to reconstruct the porosity of the medium bed using fluid shear forces.

7. The intelligent responsive mine wastewater treatment system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sensing module includes differential pressure monitors disposed at the inlet and outlet of the separation unit; the variable frequency pulse modulation unit is further configured to perform differential pressure feedback sweep frequency control: dynamically adjust the modulation frequency of the pulse modulation waveform according to the differential pressure signal fed back by the differential pressure monitor; increase the modulation frequency when the differential pressure signal exceeds the preset fluidization range; and introduce a random jitter term into the modulation frequency to discretize and perturb the basic modulation frequency.

8. The intelligent responsive mine wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The computing module is internally configured with a gradient-driven decision unit, which is configured to store the physical limit drag factor, which represents the upper limit of fluid drag intensity that the magnetic potential trap generation interface can balance. When the fluid drag intensity factor calculated in real time exceeds the physical limit drag factor, the target supersaturation ratio is calculated based on the logarithmic growth model including the chemical sensitivity coefficient, and the dosing interface is controlled to increase the dosage in a non-linear manner.

9. The intelligent responsive mine wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separation unit adopts an upward flow structure with water entering from the bottom and exiting from the top; the magnetic potential trap generation interface includes an electromagnetic coil array arranged at the bottom of the separation unit, and the electromagnetic coil array is configured to generate a magnetic field gradient force in a vertically downward direction.

10. The intelligent responsive mine wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing module includes: a source status monitor, configured to read the operating frequency signal or motor input power signal of the conveying unit driver; a flux monitor, located on the fluid pipeline between the conveying unit and the mixing unit, configured to collect the instantaneous volumetric flow rate in the fluid pipeline; and a differential pressure monitor, wherein the high-pressure tap of the differential pressure monitor is located in the water inlet area of ​​the separation unit, and the low-pressure tap of the differential pressure monitor is located in the water outlet area of ​​the separation unit.

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