Wearable device

Abstract

The invention provides a wearable device which comprises a device body and a fixing band, the device body comprises a metal frame, a display module, a mainboard and a bottom shell, the fixing band is connected with the metal frame, the display module and the mainboard are located in the metal frame, and the bottom shell is fixedly connected with the metal frame; wherein the bottom shell is a non-metal shell, the bottom shell is provided with a metal layer, the metal layer is provided with a feed connection point and at least two grounding connection points, the mainboard is provided with a matching circuit and a switch control circuit, the matching circuit is electrically connected with the feed connection point, and the switch control circuit is electrically connected with the feed connection point. The switch control circuit is electrically connected with the at least two grounding connection points; wherein the switch control circuit is used for controlling the grounding states of the at least two grounding connection points and adjusting the orientation of an antenna pattern formed by the metal layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic product technology, and more particularly to a wearable device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of electronic products, wireless communication functions can be realized in wearable devices. Currently, the antenna pattern in traditional wearable devices is usually perpendicular to the surface of the device. However, wearable devices are typically worn on the user's arm, and changes in the device's posture due to different user states (such as running, walking, or cycling) can lead to a degradation in antenna performance. Therefore, existing technologies suffer from poor antenna performance in wearable devices. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a wearable device to address the problem of poor antenna performance in wearable devices.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a wearable device, including a device body and a fixing strap. The device body includes a metal frame, a display module, a motherboard, and a bottom shell. The fixing strap is connected to the metal frame. The display module and the motherboard are located inside the metal frame. The bottom shell is fixedly connected to the metal frame.

[0005] The bottom shell is a non-metallic shell, and the bottom shell is provided with a metal layer. The metal layer is provided with a power supply connection point and at least two ground connection points. The main board is provided with a matching circuit and a switch control circuit. The matching circuit is electrically connected to the power supply connection point, and the switch control circuit is electrically connected to the at least two ground connection points.

[0006] The switch control circuit is used to control the grounding state of the at least two grounding connection points and adjust the orientation of the antenna pattern formed by the metal layer.

[0007] In this embodiment, the wearable device includes a device body and a fixing strap. The device body includes a metal frame, a display module, a motherboard, and a bottom shell. The fixing strap is connected to the metal frame, and the display module and the motherboard are located within the metal frame. The bottom shell is fixedly connected to the metal frame. The bottom shell is a non-metallic shell with a metal layer. The metal layer has a feed connection point and at least two ground connection points. The motherboard has a matching circuit and a switch control circuit. The matching circuit is electrically connected to the feed connection point, and the switch control circuit is electrically connected to the at least two ground connection points. The switch control circuit controls the grounding state of the at least two ground connection points, adjusting the orientation of the antenna pattern formed by the metal layer. This allows the orientation of the antenna pattern formed by the metal layer to be adjusted by controlling the grounding state of the at least two ground connection points when the wearable device is in different postures, thereby matching the antenna pattern to the posture of the wearable device and improving the antenna performance of the wearable device.

[0008] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0009] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0010] Figure 1 This is a front view of the wearable device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0011] Figure 2 This is one of the cross-sectional structural schematic diagrams of the main body of the wearable device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0012] Figure 3 This is one of the rear views of the main body of the wearable device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0013] Figure 4 This is the second cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the main body of the wearable device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0014] Figure 5 This is a second rear view of the main body of the wearable device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0015] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection structure in the wearable device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0016] Figures 7 to 10 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna efficiency of the wearable device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0017] Figures 11 to 18 This is the antenna pattern of the wearable device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0018] Figure 19 and Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the electric field cross-section of the wearable device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0019] Figure 21 These are comparison images of 2D orientation maps of wearable devices provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0020] Figure 22 This is the third rear view of the main body of the wearable device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figures 23 to 26 This is the antenna pattern of the wearable device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 27 This is the fourth rear view of the main body of the wearable device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna efficiency of the wearable device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of the S-parameters of the wearable device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figures 30 to 37 This is the antenna pattern of the wearable device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 38 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna efficiency of the wearable device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 39 This is a schematic diagram of the S-parameters of the wearable device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figures 40 to 47 This is the antenna pattern of the wearable device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figures 48 to 50 These are comparison images of 2D orientation maps of wearable devices provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figures 51 to 54 This is a current distribution diagram of the wearable device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 55 and Figure 56 This is a schematic diagram of the electric field cross-section of the wearable device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 57 This is the fifth rear view of the main body of the wearable device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0033] Figure 58 and Figure 59 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna efficiency of a wearable device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. Furthermore, "and / or" in the specification and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0036] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] See Figures 1 to 6 , Figure 22 , Figure 27 and Figure 57As shown in the figure, this application embodiment provides a wearable device, which includes a device body 10 and a fixing strap 20. The device body 10 includes a metal frame 11, a display module 12, a motherboard 13 and a bottom shell 14. The fixing strap 20 is connected to the metal frame 11. The display module 12 and the motherboard 13 are located inside the metal frame 11. The bottom shell 14 is fixedly connected to the metal frame 11.

[0039] The bottom shell 14 is a non-metallic shell, and the bottom shell 14 is provided with a metal layer 141. The metal layer 141 is provided with a power supply connection point 1411 and at least two ground connection points 1412. The main board 13 is provided with a matching circuit 131 and a switch control circuit 132. The matching circuit 131 is electrically connected to the power supply connection point 1411, and the switch control circuit 132 is electrically connected to the at least two ground connection points 1412.

[0040] The switch control circuit 132 is used to control the grounding state of the at least two grounding connection points 1412 and adjust the orientation of the antenna pattern formed by the metal layer 141.

[0041] In this embodiment, the matching circuit 131 and the power supply connection point 1411 can be electrically connected by setting a power supply spring. The switch control circuit 132 and the ground connection point 1412 can be electrically connected by setting a power supply spring.

[0042] Optionally, the above-mentioned display module includes an indium tin oxide (ITO) layer and a copper foil shielding layer. There is a gap between the ITO layer and the metal frame. The wider the gap, the better. In some embodiments, the width of the gap can be set between 1 mm and 2 mm.

[0043] Optionally, in some embodiments, the bottom shell 14 can be a plastic bottom shell. The antenna structure formed by the metal layer 141 disposed on the bottom shell can be referred to as a bottom shell antenna.

[0044] It should be understood that the aforementioned fixing strap 20 is usually two straps. Taking the aforementioned wearable device as a watch as an example, it can be explained in the main view (e.g., Figure 1 Fixed straps are installed at the 6 o'clock and 12 o'clock positions (as shown).

[0045] Optionally, in some embodiments, the outer surface of the bottom shell 14 is formed with the metal layer 141 by a silver paste printing process, and the outer surface of the bottom shell 14 is provided with a protective layer that covers the metal layer 141.

[0046] In this embodiment, a metal layer 141 can be printed on the outer surface of the bottom shell 14 using a Printing Direct Structure (PDS) process. Specifically, the antenna pattern is printed onto the surface of the plastic substrate (i.e., the bottom shell 14) using silver paste printing. Then, a surface treatment process involving spraying is used to cover the antenna pattern, forming a protective layer that makes the antenna pattern invisible. This effectively prevents corrosion of the metal layer 141 from contact, thus improving the safety of its use. Simultaneously, the protective layer covering the metal layer 141 enhances the aesthetic appeal.

[0047] Of course, in other embodiments, the protective layer may not be provided. In other embodiments, the bottom shell antenna may also be attached to the inner surface of the bottom shell 14 using FPC technology. Alternatively, it may be fabricated on the outer surface of the bottom shell 14 using Laser Direct Structuring (LDS) technology.

[0048] Optionally, in some embodiments, the metal layer 141 may include all areas except for the opening of the photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor, forming a hollowed-out ring. The larger the area of ​​the ring and the further outward the ring extends, the better the antenna performance is, as the further the metal layer 141 and the slot mode excited by the middle frame are from the human body. The further inward the ring extends, the better the antenna performance is, since the human body has an amplifying effect on low frequencies and the larger the aperture of the antenna itself is. The diameter of the outer edge of the ring ranges from 41mm to 46mm, and the outer edge of the ring constitutes a wavelength of the frequency required by the antenna.

[0049] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the different grounding states of the at least two grounding connection points 1412 correspond to the orientation of the antenna pattern formed by the metal layer 141. Specifically, taking two grounding connection points 1412 as an example, the two grounding connection points include a first grounding connection point and a second grounding connection point, and the grounding states of the two grounding connection points 1412 can include at least two of the following:

[0050] Both the first grounding connection point and the second grounding connection point are grounded;

[0051] The first grounding connection point is grounded, and the second grounding connection point is left ungrounded (i.e., not grounded).

[0052] The second grounding connection point is grounded, while the first grounding connection point is left unconnected.

[0053] Both the first and second grounding connection points are left unconnected.

[0054] In this embodiment, the wearable device includes a device body 10 and a fixing strap 20. The device body 10 includes a metal frame 11, a display module 12, a motherboard 13, and a bottom shell 14. The fixing strap 20 is connected to the metal frame 11. The display module 12 and the motherboard 13 are located inside the metal frame 11. The bottom shell 14 is fixedly connected to the metal frame 11. The bottom shell 14 is a non-metallic shell and has a metal layer 141. The metal layer 141 has a power supply connection point 1411 and at least two ground connection points 1412. The motherboard 13 has a matching circuit 131 and a switch control circuit 132. The matching circuit 131 is electrically connected to the power supply connection point 1411, and the switch control circuit 132 is electrically connected to the at least two ground connection points 1412. The switch control circuit 132 is used to control the grounding state of the at least two ground connection points 1412 and adjust the orientation of the antenna pattern formed by the metal layer 141. In this way, the grounding state of the at least two grounding connection points 1412 can be controlled to adjust the orientation of the antenna pattern formed by the metal layer 141 when the wearable device is in different postures, thereby matching the antenna pattern with the posture of the wearable device and thus improving the antenna performance of the wearable device.

[0055] Optionally, in some embodiments, the power supply connection point 1411 and the at least two ground connection points 1412 are located in different quadrants of the target coordinate system, and different ground connection points 1412 are located in different quadrants of the target coordinate system;

[0056] Wherein, the X-axis of the target coordinate system is the length direction of the fixing strip 20, the Y-axis of the target coordinate system is the width direction of the fixing strip 20, and the origin of the target coordinate system is the geometric center of the bottom shell 14.

[0057] For example, in some embodiments, when there are two grounding connection points, the power supply connection point 1411 can be located in the fourth quadrant of the target coordinate system in the front view (i.e., the area between 9 o'clock and 12 o'clock in the front view, and the area between 12 o'clock and 3 o'clock in the rear view), and the two grounding connection points 1412 are respectively located in the second quadrant (i.e., the area between 3 o'clock and 6 o'clock in the front view, and the area between 6 o'clock and 9 o'clock in the rear view) and the third quadrant (i.e., the area between 6 o'clock and 9 o'clock in the front view, and the area between 3 o'clock and 9 o'clock in the rear view) of the target coordinate system in the front view, as detailed below. Figure 3 or Figure 5 As shown. Alternatively, the aforementioned power supply connection point 1411 can be located in the second quadrant of the target coordinate system in the main view, and the two grounding connection points 1412 can be located in the first and fourth quadrants of the target coordinate system in the main view, respectively, as shown in the figure. Figure 22 As shown.

[0058] For example, in some embodiments, when the number of grounding connection points is three, the power supply connection point 1411 can be located in the second quadrant of the target coordinate system in the main view, and the three grounding connection points can be located in the other three quadrants respectively. Alternatively, the power supply connection point 1411 can be located in the second quadrant of the target coordinate system in the main view, and the three grounding connection points can be located in the other three quadrants respectively, as specifically... Figure 27 As shown.

[0059] Optionally, in some embodiments, the origin of the target coordinate system can be understood as the center point of the dial. The X-axis direction of the target coordinate system can be understood as the direction corresponding to the line connecting 6 o'clock to 12 o'clock, and the Y-axis direction of the target coordinate system can be understood as the direction corresponding to the line connecting 9 o'clock to 3 o'clock.

[0060] It should be noted that in this embodiment, different connection points are set in different quadrants, so that when the grounding state of different grounding connection points 1412 changes, the orientation of the antenna pattern can be adjusted to the greatest extent possible to adapt to different postures of the wearable device.

[0061] Optionally, in conjunction with reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the bottom shell 14 includes a boss region 14a and an annular connecting region 14b surrounding the boss region 14a, and the metal layer 141 is an annular metal layer, wherein the metal layer 141 is partially located on the boss region 14a and partially located on the annular connecting region 14b.

[0062] In this embodiment, the aforementioned protruding area 14a can be understood as a protruding portion of the bottom shell 14. After the user wears the wearable device, the protruding area 14a can fit snugly against the user's arm, and the aforementioned annular connecting area 14b has a certain gap with the user's arm. The aforementioned protruding area 14a can be circular, i.e., a circular protruding area.

[0063] It should be noted that after the user wears the wearable device, the bottom shell 14 is located on the side of the device body 10 closer to the arm, and the display surface of the display module 12 is located on the side of the device body 10 away from the arm. The protruding area 14a of the bottom shell 14 can fit snugly against the arm.

[0064] It should be understood that for low frequencies, the larger the antenna size or area, the better. By setting a partial metal layer 141 in the protrusion area 14a of the bottom shell 14, the size or area of ​​the metal layer 141 is increased, thereby improving antenna performance. At the same time, it allows the bottom shell antenna to be closer to the human arm, enhancing the coupling between the antenna and the arm, and thus improving the antenna performance.

[0065] Of course, in some embodiments, the metal layer 141 may not be provided in the boss region 14a, specifically as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0066] Optionally, such as Figure 57 As shown, in some embodiments, the device body further includes: a photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor and an electrocardiogram (ECG) electrode 15. The protrusion region is provided with a light-transmitting hole 16 for the PPG sensor, and the ECG electrode 30 is disposed in the protrusion region 14a and arranged around the light-transmitting hole 16 of the PPG sensor.

[0067] The metal layer 141 is disposed around the light-transmitting hole 16 of the PPG sensor and the ECG electrode 15, and the metal layer 141 is disposed in the gap area between the light-transmitting hole 16 of the PPG sensor and the ECG electrode 15.

[0068] In this embodiment, the metal layer 141 continuously surrounds the ECG electrode 15, which makes the most of the area close to the human arm and enhances the performance of the bottom shell antenna.

[0069] Optionally, in some embodiments, the number of light-transmitting holes 16 can be multiple, for example, four. In this case, no metal layer traces may be provided in the areas of the light-transmitting holes 16 used to house the PPG sensor. Alternatively, the metal layer 141 traces may not be provided only in the light-transmitting holes 16 of the PPG sensor. That is, metal layer 141 traces are provided between any adjacent light-transmitting holes 16 of the PPG sensor.

[0070] It should be noted that for the ECG (electrocardiogram) electrodes on the bottom shell 14, since the ECG electrodes occupy the area of ​​the protruding part near the human body, by appropriately reducing the area of ​​the ECG electrodes, the traces of the metal layer 141 can continuously surround the ECG electrodes. The traces of the metal layer 141 are 0.2-1.0mm away from the ECG electrodes, and the traces of the metal layer 141 are not directly electrically connected to the ECG electrodes. By setting a large inductance and resistance in the path of the ECG electrodes (the ECG electrodes are essentially in a suspended state for the antenna), the impact of the ECG electrodes on the antenna performance is reduced. By setting the antenna traces to continuously surround the ECG electrodes, the line width at the narrowest point is guaranteed to be 0.5mm-2.0mm. Without affecting the ECG electrode effect, the wider the line width at the narrowest point of the antenna, the better, as a wider line width enhances the coupling with the arm and improves the performance of the bottom shell antenna. Specifically, as follows... Figure 58 As shown, Figure 58 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna efficiency of a wearable device; where G1 represents the radiation efficiency curve of the trace with the metal layer 141 surrounding the PPG light-transmitting hole, and G2 represents the radiation efficiency curve of the trace without the metal layer 141 surrounding the PPG light-transmitting hole.

[0071] Furthermore, if the area of ​​the central PPG light-transmitting hole is utilized (exposing only the PPG light-transmitting hole), the increased coupling area with the human body further enhances the performance of the bottom shell antenna. In this embodiment, the use of a continuous metal layer 141 surrounding the ECG electrode enhances the coupling with the human body, thus improving antenna performance while simultaneously realizing the functions of ECG and PPG, achieving human health monitoring, and possessing high engineering value. Specifically, as follows... Figure 59 As shown, Figure 59 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna efficiency of a wearable device; where H1 represents the radiation efficiency curve of the traces surrounding the metal layer 141 of the ECG electrode, and H2 represents the radiation efficiency curve of the traces without uninterrupted traces surrounding the metal layer 141 of the ECG electrode.

[0072] Optionally, in some embodiments, by setting a large inductance and a large resistance in the path of the ECG electrode, the impact of the ECG electrode on the antenna performance is reduced, so that the antenna performance can be improved while the ECG function can be realized, thus achieving human health monitoring.

[0073] For example, in some embodiments, the large inductor may be an inductor with an inductance of 100nH, and the large resistor may be a resistor with a resistance of 100K.

[0074] Optionally, in some embodiments, the matching circuit 131 includes a first matching sub-circuit 1311, a second matching sub-circuit 1312, a first switching unit 1313, and a second switching unit 1314. The first matching sub-circuit 1311 and the second matching sub-circuit 1312 are electrically connected to the power supply connection point 1411 through the first switching unit 1313, and the first matching sub-circuit 1311 and the second matching sub-circuit 1312 are electrically connected to the power supply 133 of the motherboard 13 through the second switching unit 1314.

[0075] In this embodiment of the application, the feed source 133 is electrically connected to the feed connection point 1411 through the first matching sub-circuit 1311 and the first switching unit 1313 to achieve power supply; or, the feed source 133 is electrically connected to the feed connection point 1411 through the second matching sub-circuit 1312 and the second switching unit 1314 to achieve power supply.

[0076] Optionally, the first matching sub-circuit 1311 and the second matching sub-circuit 1312 can be composed of a combination of capacitors and inductors, with different capacitance and inductance values ​​corresponding to different matching sub-circuits. In this way, when the grounding states of the at least two grounding connection points 1412 are different, impedance matching can be achieved through different matching sub-circuits to achieve optimal antenna matching.

[0077] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first switching unit 1313 can be a single-pole double-throw switch, and the second switching unit 1314 can be a single-pole double-throw switch.

[0078] It should be noted that in other embodiments, the number of matching sub-circuits can be set according to actual needs, and no further limitation is made here. For example, in some embodiments, the number of the above-mentioned matching sub-circuits corresponds one-to-one with the state of the ground connection point. In this way, the ground connection point is controlled to have a corresponding state under different postures of the wearable device, and impedance matching is achieved through the corresponding matching sub-circuits, thereby further improving the performance of the antenna.

[0079] Optionally, in some embodiments, the switch control circuit 132 controls the at least two ground connection points 1412 to be grounded or left floating simultaneously.

[0080] In this embodiment, the orientation of the antenna pattern formed by the metal layer 141 differs significantly when at least two grounding connection points 1412 are simultaneously grounded and when at least two grounding connection points 1412 are simultaneously suspended. By employing two states—at least two grounding connection points 1412 simultaneously grounded and at least two grounding connection points 1412 simultaneously suspended—the orientation of the antenna pattern formed by the metal layer 141 is controlled. This allows for greater variation in the orientation of the antenna pattern, making it suitable for different orientations and improving the antenna's radiation performance. Simultaneously employing two states simplifies the control logic and facilitates implementation.

[0081] Optionally, in some embodiments, the switch control circuit 132 described above may include a switch sub-circuit 1321 provided for each ground connection point. The switch sub-circuit 1321 includes a switch unit and a resistor. One end of the resistor is grounded, and the other end is electrically connected to the ground connection point 1412 through the switch unit.

[0082] Optionally, in some embodiments, the metal layer 141 is provided with an annular slot 142, which divides the metal layer 141 into a first metal radiator 141a and a second metal radiator 141b. The first metal radiator 141a is an annular metal radiator, and the second metal radiator 141b is located in the inner ring of the first metal radiator. The first metal radiator 141a and the second metal radiator 141b are coupled together, and the power supply connection point 1411 and the grounding connection point 1412 are both located in the second metal radiator 141b.

[0083] In this embodiment, the width and position of the annular groove 142 can be set according to actual conditions. For example, in some embodiments, the width of the annular groove 142 can be 0.4mm to 1mm, and the distance from the annular groove 142 to the outer edge of the metal layer 141 is 3 to 5mm.

[0084] Alternatively, in some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the device body 10 also includes a controller 18 and a sensor 19, and the controller 18 is electrically connected to the sensor 19 and the switch control circuit 132 respectively;

[0085] The sensor 19 is used to detect the attitude information of the device body, and the controller 18 is used to control the grounding state of the at least two grounding connection points 1412 through the switch control circuit 132 according to the attitude information.

[0086] In this embodiment, the sensor 19 can be understood as a sensor for detecting attitude, and the number and type of the sensor 19 can be set according to actual needs. In some embodiments, the device body 10 may be provided with one or more sensors 19, for example, it may include at least one of an acceleration sensor and an angle sensor.

[0087] It should be noted that the controller 18 can read the data from the sensor 19. The attitude of the wearable device can be determined by the data from the sensor 19. When switching to attitude 1, the controller 18 controls at least two grounding connection points 1412 to be in a grounded state through the switch control circuit 132. When switching to attitude 2, the controller 18 controls at least two grounding connection points 1412 to be in a floating state through the switch control circuit 132.

[0088] Optionally, in some embodiments, the device body 10 further includes a battery 17 located between the motherboard 13 and the display module 12. The display module 12 includes a flexible screen circuit board 121 electrically connected to the motherboard 13.

[0089] In this embodiment, the flexible printed circuit (FPC) 121 carries the display circuit and touch circuit. Most of the FPC's area is located between the battery and the screen. A larger distance between the FPC and the battery 17 is preferable, but a larger distance will sacrifice battery capacity. For example, in some embodiments, the distance between the FPC and the battery 17 is between 0.3mm and 1mm. That is, the minimum distance between the flexible printed circuit board 121 and the battery 17 ranges from 0.3mm to 1mm.

[0090] Optionally, in some embodiments, the number of grounding connection points 1412 is two. With the geometric center of the metal layer 141 as the center, the central angle between the power supply connection point 1411 and the target point in the counterclockwise direction is greater than 30 degrees and less than 60 degrees, the central angle between the grounding connection point 1412 and the target point in the counterclockwise direction is greater than 60 degrees and less than 270 degrees, and the central angle between the two grounding connection points 1412 is greater than 60 degrees.

[0091] The direction of the line connecting the target point and the center of the circle coincides with the length direction of the fixing belt 20.

[0092] In this embodiment of the application, a watch is used as an example of the wearable device described above. The power supply connection point 1411 can be located on the back view. Figure 1 The two grounding connection points are located at the 5 o'clock and 7 o'clock positions respectively in the rear view, as shown in the figure below. Figure 3 As shown. Alternatively, the power supply connection point 1411 can be set at the 7 o'clock position in the rear view, and the two grounding connection points can be set at the 11 o'clock and 1 o'clock positions in the rear view respectively, as shown in the figure. Figure 22 As shown.

[0093] Optionally, in some embodiments, the number of grounding connection points 1412 is three. With the geometric center of the metal layer 141 as the center, the central angle between the power supply connection point 1411 and the target point in the clockwise direction is greater than 110 degrees and less than 160 degrees, the central angle between the grounding connection point 1412 and the target point in the clockwise direction is greater than 20 degrees and less than 310 degrees, and the central angle between any two of the three grounding connection points 1412 and the power supply connection point 1411 is greater than 60 degrees.

[0094] The direction of the line connecting the target point and the center of the circle coincides with the length direction of the fixing belt 20.

[0095] In this embodiment, taking a watch as an example of the wearable device, the power supply connection point 1411 can be set at any position between 7 o'clock and 8 o'clock in the back view, and the three grounding connection points are respectively set at 11 o'clock, 2 o'clock and 5 o'clock in the back view, as detailed below. Figure 27 As shown.

[0096] For example, in some embodiments, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna efficiency of the wearable device when grounding connection point 1412 is in a grounded state. Figure 8This diagram illustrates the antenna efficiency of a wearable device when grounding connection point 1412 is in a grounded state. It can be seen that if a metal layer is not placed in the protrusion area 14a, the antenna efficiency will decrease by 2-3 dB. This is because, for the GPS L5 band (1176MHz), the ground length of the watch antenna is insufficient. Due to the loading effect of the human body, the ground length of the antenna is effectively extended. Therefore, for low frequencies, the presence of the human arm actually improves the performance of the low-frequency antenna. Thus, increasing the area of ​​the metal layer in the protrusion area significantly improves the antenna performance.

[0097] For example, in some embodiments, such as Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 for Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the antenna efficiency of the wearable device when grounding connection point 1412 is in a floating state. At this point, the efficiency of GPS L5 is -12.5dB. For example... Figure 10 As shown, Figure 10 for Figure 3 The diagram shows the antenna efficiency of the corresponding wearable device when grounding connection point 1412 is in a grounded state. At this time, the efficiency of GPS L5 is -12.5dB.

[0098] For example, in some embodiments, such as Figures 11 to 14 As shown, Figures 11 to 14 for Figure 3 The antenna pattern of the corresponding wearable device when the grounding connection point 1412 is in a floating state is as follows: Figure 19 As shown, Figure 19 for Figure 3 The diagram shows the electric field cross-section of the wearable device when the grounding connection point 1412 is suspended. Since the grounding connection point is not grounded, the excited electric field is mainly perpendicular to the dial, and the electric field between the screen and the battery is weak. The electric field between the arm and the metal base is stronger on one side and weaker on the other. A relatively large amount of electric field enters the human body, resulting in relatively low antenna efficiency. The antenna radiation pattern is stronger perpendicular to the dial and weaker parallel to the dial, making it suitable for cycling or holding the device horizontally. This allows the maximum radiation direction of the antenna to face the sky, improving the user experience in this posture.

[0099] Furthermore, since the power supply position is located between 2 and 12 o'clock in the back view (the power supply position determines the antenna pattern), the antenna's maximum radiation direction is perpendicular to the dial, and the radiation at 6 and 9 o'clock in the back view is relatively strong. Moreover, the right-hand circular polarization component is oriented towards 6 and 9 o'clock in the back view, achieving right-hand circular polarization. This means that even when worn on the left hand, it can still meet the needs of some scenarios such as walking or jogging.

[0100] like Figures 15 to 18 As shown, Figures 15 to 18 for Figure 3The antenna pattern of the corresponding wearable device when ground connection point 1412 is in the connected state is as follows: Figure 20 As shown, Figure 20 for Figure 3 The diagram shows the electric field cross-section of the wearable device when ground connection point 1412 is in the connected state. Since the switching unit conducts the two ground connection points 1412, the electric field primarily excited is between the human arm and the metal layer 141. The electric field is stronger in the gap between the screen and the battery, and stronger on both sides of the electric field between the arm and the metal layer 141. However, the electric field in the middle area perpendicular to the dial is weaker, resulting in relatively less electric field entering the human body. Consequently, the antenna efficiency is relatively high, and the antenna pattern shows weaker radiation perpendicular to the dial and stronger radiation parallel to the dial. This is suitable for scenarios involving walking or running, allowing part of the antenna's radiated signal to be directed towards the sky for better satellite signal acquisition. Simultaneously, combined with the GPS L1 signal set on the metal frame, it eliminates errors caused by the ionosphere, further improving GPS positioning accuracy and making positioning faster and more precise. This complements the antenna pattern in the suspended state.

[0101] like Figure 21 As shown, Figure 21 The images show a comparison of the 2D radiation patterns in the grounded and floating states. A1 represents the 2D radiation pattern in the floating state, and A2 represents the 2D radiation pattern in the grounded state. It can be seen that the gain difference between the grounded and floating states is 5 dB in the direction perpendicular to the dial.

[0102] Alternatively, in some embodiments, such as Figure 22 As shown, if the power supply is located at the 7 o'clock position in the back view, and grounding connection points are set at the 11 o'clock and 1 o'clock positions in the back view, with the grounding connection points in a floating state, the antenna pattern recess is at the 6 o'clock position in the back view. If the power supply is located at the 1 o'clock position in the back view, and grounding connection points are set at the 5 o'clock and 7 o'clock positions in the back view, the antenna pattern recess is approximately at the 12 o'clock position. It can be seen that by selecting the position of the power supply point, the antenna pattern can be adjusted when the switch is not grounded. Since most people wear watches on their left wrist, and the antenna pattern needs to partially face the antenna during walking and running, strong radiation is also required at the 6 o'clock and 9 o'clock positions in the back view. This application preferably considers setting the power supply at the 1 o'clock position in the back view, and setting the grounding connection points at the 5 o'clock and 7 o'clock positions in the back view. In this embodiment, the antenna pattern is as follows: Figures 23 to 26 As shown.

[0103] For example, in some embodiments, such as Figure 28 and Figure 29 As shown, Figure 28 for Figure 27 A schematic diagram of the antenna efficiency of the corresponding wearable device when the ground connection point 1412 is in a floating state. Figure 29 for Figure 27 The corresponding wearable device has an S-parameter diagram when the grounding connection point 1412 is in a floating state, where B1 is the system radiation efficiency curve and B2 is the system total radiation efficiency curve.

[0104] As can be seen, the embodiments of this application can realize the downlink frequency band of GPS L5 and BT&BeiDou satellite communication, with an efficiency of -12.5dB for GPS L5 and an efficiency of -9.5dB for the downlink frequency band of BT&BeiDou satellite communication.

[0105] like Figures 30 to 33 As shown, Figures 30 to 33 for Figure 27 The antenna pattern of the corresponding wearable device at 2.45 GHz when the grounding connection point 1412 is in a floating state shows that the dial normal is concave, but the horizontal radiation is strong and basically omnidirectional.

[0106] like Figures 34 to 37 As shown, Figures 34 to 37 for Figure 27 The antenna pattern of the corresponding wearable device at 1.176 GHz when the ground connection point 1412 is in a floating state shows that the radiation is stronger at the 3 o'clock direction in the back view.

[0107] For example, in some embodiments, such as Figure 38 and Figure 39 As shown, Figure 38 for Figure 27 A schematic diagram of the antenna efficiency of the corresponding wearable device when grounding connection point 1412 is in a grounded state. Figure 39 for Figure 27 The diagram shows the S-parameters of the corresponding wearable device when grounding connection point 1412 is in a grounded state. C1 represents the system radiation efficiency curve, and C2 represents the system total radiation efficiency curve.

[0108] By selecting the power supply location (rear view) Figure 7 The current distribution on the metal layer is strongest at the 6 o'clock and 12 o'clock positions in the back view (the position between 8 o'clock and 12 o'clock). These two positions are far from the arm, and the arm absorbs less current, so the antenna efficiency is high. It can be seen that the efficiency of GPS L5 is -10.5dB, and the efficiency of the downlink frequency band of BT&BeiDou satellite communication is -9.0dB.

[0109] like Figures 40 to 43 As shown, Figures 40 to 43 for Figure 27 The antenna pattern of the corresponding wearable device at 1.176 GHz when the grounding connection point 1412 is in the grounded state shows that the radiation is stronger at the 9 o'clock position in the rear view.

[0110] like Figures 44 to 47 As shown, Figures 44 to 47 for Figure 27 The antenna pattern of the corresponding wearable device at 2.45 GHz when the ground connection point 1412 is in the grounded state shows that the radiation is strongest in the direction perpendicular to the dial.

[0111] like Figure 48 As shown, Figure 48 for Figure 27 A comparison of the 2D radiation patterns of the corresponding wearable devices in the GPS L5 band. D1 represents the 2D radiation pattern in the GPS L5 band when ground connection point 1412 is in a grounded state, and D2 represents the 2D radiation pattern in the GPS L5 band when ground connection point 1412 is in a suspended state. The sensor can identify whether the device is worn on the left or right hand. For example, state 1 (ground connection point in a connected state) is suitable for right-handed wear, while state 2 (ground connection point in a suspended state) is suitable for left-handed wear.

[0112] like Figure 49 and Figure 50 As shown, Figure 49 and Figure 50 for Figure 27 A comparison of the 2D radiation patterns of corresponding wearable devices at 2.45GHz. Among them, Figure 49 The corresponding Phi is 0 degrees. Figure 50 The corresponding Phi is 90 degrees. E1 and F1 represent the 2D radiation pattern at 2.45 GHz when ground connection point 1412 is in the grounded state, and E2 and F1 represent the 2D radiation pattern at 2.45 GHz when ground connection point 1412 is in the floating state.

[0113] like Figures 51 to 54 As shown, Figure 51 for Figure 27 The current distribution diagram of the corresponding wearable device at 1.176 GHz when the grounding connection point 1412 is in the grounded state; Figure 52 for Figure 27 The current distribution diagram of the corresponding wearable device at 2.45 GHz when the grounding connection point 1412 is in the grounded state; Figure 53 for Figure 27 The current distribution diagram of the corresponding wearable device at 1.176 GHz when the ground connection point 1412 is in a floating state; Figure 54 for Figure 27 The current distribution diagram of the corresponding wearable device at 2.45 GHz when the ground connection point 1412 is in a floating state is shown. It can be seen that when the switch is on (grounded state), the higher-order modes of 2.45 GHz are excited, resulting in a horizontal omnidirectional radiation pattern with a central dip. By switching the switch on and off, the current distribution on the metal layer is changed, thereby changing the radiation pattern of the GPS L5 band.

[0114] like Figure 55 and Figure 56 As shown, Figure 55 for Figure 27 The cross-sectional electric field distribution of the corresponding wearable device at 2.45 GHz when the grounding connection point 1412 is in the grounded state; Figure 56 for Figure 27 The corresponding wearable device exhibits a 2.45 GHz cross-sectional electric field distribution when grounding connection point 1412 is in a floating state. Since multi-point grounding excites higher-order modes, these higher-order modes can excite surface crawling waves on the human body, which can improve the occlusion effect of the human body, thereby improving the communication experience.

[0115] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0116] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A wearable device, characterized in that, The device includes a main body and a fixing strap. The main body includes a metal frame, a display module, a motherboard, and a bottom shell. The fixing strap is connected to the metal frame. The display module and the motherboard are located inside the metal frame. The bottom shell is fixedly connected to the metal frame. The bottom shell is a non-metallic shell, and the bottom shell is provided with a metal layer. The metal layer is provided with a power supply connection point and at least two ground connection points. The main board is provided with a matching circuit and a switch control circuit. The matching circuit is electrically connected to the power supply connection point, and the switch control circuit is electrically connected to the at least two ground connection points. The switch control circuit is used to control the grounding state of the at least two grounding connection points and adjust the orientation of the antenna pattern formed by the metal layer.

2. The wearable device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply connection point and the at least two grounding connection points are located in different quadrants of the target coordinate system, and the different grounding connection points are located in different quadrants of the target coordinate system; Wherein, the X-axis of the target coordinate system is the length direction of the fixed strip, the Y-axis of the target coordinate system is the width direction of the fixed strip, and the origin of the target coordinate system is the geometric center of the bottom shell.

3. The wearable device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom shell includes a boss area and an annular connecting area surrounding the boss area. The metal layer is an annular metal layer, wherein part of the metal layer is located on the boss area and part is located in the annular connecting area.

4. The wearable device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The device body also includes: a photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor and an electrocardiogram (ECG) electrode. The protrusion area is provided with a light-transmitting hole for the PPG sensor, and the ECG electrode is disposed in the protrusion area and arranged around the light-transmitting hole for the PPG sensor. The metal layer is disposed around the light-transmitting hole of the PPG sensor and the ECG electrode, and the metal layer is disposed in the gap area between the light-transmitting hole of the PPG sensor and the ECG electrode.

5. The wearable device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The matching circuit includes a first matching sub-circuit, a second matching sub-circuit, a first switching unit, and a second switching unit. The first matching sub-circuit and the second matching sub-circuit are electrically connected to the power supply connection point through the first switching unit, and the first matching sub-circuit and the second matching sub-circuit are electrically connected to the power supply of the motherboard through the second switching unit.

6. The wearable device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switch control circuit controls the at least two grounding connection points to be grounded or left floating simultaneously.

7. The wearable device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal layer is provided with an annular groove, which divides the metal layer into a first metal radiator and a second metal radiator. The first metal radiator is an annular metal radiator, and the second metal radiator is located in the inner ring of the first metal radiator. The first metal radiator and the second metal radiator are coupled together, and the power supply connection point and the grounding connection point are both located in the second metal radiator.

8. The wearable device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device body also includes a controller and a sensor, the controller being electrically connected to the sensor and the switch control circuit respectively; The sensor is used to detect the attitude information of the device body, and the controller is used to control the grounding status of the at least two grounding connection points through the switch control circuit according to the attitude information.

9. The wearable device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The number of grounding connection points is two. With the geometric center of the metal layer as the center, the central angle between the power supply connection point and the target point in the counterclockwise direction is greater than 30 degrees and less than 60 degrees. The central angle between the grounding connection point and the target point in the counterclockwise direction is greater than 60 degrees and less than 270 degrees. The central angle between the two grounding connection points is greater than 60 degrees. The direction of the line connecting the target point and the center of the circle coincides with the length direction of the fixing belt.

10. The wearable device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The number of grounding connection points is three. With the geometric center of the metal layer as the center, the central angle between the power supply connection point and the target point in the clockwise direction is greater than 110 degrees and less than 160 degrees. The central angle between the grounding connection point and the target point in the clockwise direction is greater than 20 degrees and less than 310 degrees. The central angle between any two of the three grounding connection points and the power supply connection point is greater than 60 degrees. The direction of the line connecting the target point and the center of the circle coincides with the length direction of the fixing belt.

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