Multi-resolution level channel state feedback

Abstract

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for wireless communication by an apparatus. A method includes: receiving a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS); transmitting a first channel state feedback (CSF) indicating coded channel state information (CSI) at a first resolution, the coded CSI being based on the CSI-RS; and transmitting a second CSF indicating the encoded CSI at a second resolution, the second resolution being greater than the first resolution.

Description

[0001] introduction Technical Field

[0002] Various aspects of this disclosure relate to wireless communication, and more specifically to techniques for conveying channel state feedback (CSF). Background Technology

[0003] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunications services, such as telephone, video, data, messaging, broadcasting, or other similar services. These wireless communication systems may employ multiple access technologies that enable communication with several users by sharing available wireless communication system resources.

[0004] Despite significant technological advancements in wireless communication systems over the years, challenges remain. For example, complex and dynamic environments can still attenuate or block signals between wireless transmitters and receivers. Therefore, there is a continuous expectation for improving the technical performance of wireless communication systems, including, for example: improving communication speed and data carrying capacity; improving the efficiency of shared communication media; reducing the power used by transmitters and receivers during communication; improving the reliability of wireless communication; avoiding redundant transmission and / or reception and related processing; improving the coverage area of ​​wireless communication; increasing the number and types of devices that can access the wireless communication system; increasing the ability of different types of devices to communicate with each other; and increasing the number and types of available wireless communication media. Therefore, there is a need for further improvements to wireless communication systems to overcome the aforementioned technical challenges and other obstacles. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One aspect provides a method for wireless communication by an apparatus. The method includes: receiving a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS); transmitting a first channel state feedback (CSF) indicating coded channel state information (CSI) at a first resolution, the coded CSI being based on the CSI-RS; and transmitting a second CSF indicating the coded CSI at a second resolution greater than the first resolution.

[0006] Another aspect provides a method for wireless communication by a device. The method includes: transmitting a CSI-RS; receiving a first CSF indicating a coded CSI at a first resolution, the coded CSI being based on the CSI-RS; and receiving a second CSF indicating a coded CSI at a second resolution greater than the first resolution.

[0007] Other aspects provide: one or more means operable to, configured to, or otherwise adapted to perform any portion of any method described herein (e.g., such that performance can be implemented by only one means or in a distributed manner across multiple means); one or more non-transitory computer-readable media comprising instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of the one or more means, cause the one or more means to perform any portion of any method described herein (e.g., such that instructions can be included in only one computer-readable medium or in a distributed manner across multiple computer-readable media, such that instructions can be executed by only one processor or by multiple processors in a distributed manner, such that one or more processors can perform any portion of any method described herein). Each of the following apparatuses may include one or more processors, and / or enable execution to be performed by only one apparatus or in a distributed manner across multiple apparatuses; one or more computer program products embodied on one or more computer-readable storage media, the one or more computer program products including code for performing any part of any method described herein (e.g., enabling the code to be stored in only one computer-readable medium or in a distributed manner across computer-readable media); and / or one or more apparatuses including one or more components for performing any part of any method described herein (e.g., enabling execution to be performed by only one apparatus or by multiple apparatuses in a distributed manner). By way of example, an apparatus may include a processing system, a device having a processing system, or a processing system cooperating via one or more networks. An apparatus may include: one or more memories; and one or more processors configured to enable the apparatus to perform any part of any method described herein. In some examples, one or more processors may be pre-configured to perform the various functions or operations described herein without being configured by software.

[0008] For illustrative purposes, the following description and figures illustrate certain features. Attached Figure Description

[0009] The accompanying drawings depict certain features of the various aspects described herein and should not be considered as limiting the scope of this disclosure.

[0010] Figure 1 An example wireless communication network is depicted.

[0011] Figure 2 An example decomposed base station architecture is described.

[0012] Figure 3 Various aspects of the example base station and example user equipment (UE) are described.

[0013] Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 4C and Figure 4D Various example aspects of data structures used in wireless communication networks are described.

[0014] Figure 5 An example process flow for Channel State Feedback (CSF) reporting between network entities and UEs in the network is described.

[0015] Figure 6 An example Channel State Information (CSI) Machine Learning (ML) encoder and an example CSI ML decoder are depicted.

[0016] Figure 7 An example process flow for CSF reporting between network entities and UEs in the network is described.

[0017] Figure 8 Example CSI ML encoder and example CSI ML decoder are depicted.

[0018] Figure 9 A method for wireless communication is described.

[0019] Figure 10 Another method for wireless communication is described.

[0020] Figure 11 Various aspects of the example communication device are described.

[0021] Figure 12 Various aspects of the example communication device are described. Detailed Implementation

[0022] This disclosure provides apparatus, methods, processing systems, and computer-readable media for conveying channel state feedback (CSF) at different resolutions.

[0023] Downlink channel estimation can be performed on the downlink channel between the network entity and the user equipment (UE) to determine how the network entity should transmit downlink data to the UE. For example, modulation schemes, decoding rates, the number of transmission layers, pre-decoding, etc., based on the downlink channel estimation can be used to schedule and transmit downlink data.

[0024] In some cases, downlink channel estimation can be performed based on signals (such as Channel State Information Reference Signals (CSI-RS)) sent to the UE by the network entity. The UE receives and measures this signal to perform channel calculations for the downlink channel, such as determining Channel State Information (CSI) (e.g., channel estimation), and in some cases, calculating a pre-decoder (e.g., a pre-decoder matrix or vector) to be used for pre-decoding downlink data transmission. The UE can then transmit indications of the CSI (e.g., channel estimation and / or pre-decoder) to the network entity, such as in a CSI report, which may be a type of CSF. The network entity can then schedule downlink data transmissions to the UE accordingly, such as using the modulation scheme, decoding rate, number of transmission layers, pre-decoding, etc., determined by the network entity based on the CSF.

[0025] In some respects, the CSI can be large. For example, the pre-decoding vector may include 32 complex numbers for each of 13 subbands, which can produce 416 complex numbers. Communicating such a large CSI in the CSF can result in the use of significant communication resources, which may impact other communications in the wireless communication network.

[0026] Therefore, in some cases, the CSI can be encoded to reduce its size. For example, the dimension of the pre-decoded vector can be reduced from 32 complex numbers for each of the 13 subbands to 32 real numbers for all 13 subbands. The size of other CSIs, such as the size of the channel estimation, can be similarly reduced.

[0027] In some respects, machine learning (ML)-based encoders (which may be referred to as CSI ML encoders) can be used to encode CSI to derive an encoded (e.g., compressed) representation of the CSI (also referred to as a latent representation or latent message) for transmission to network entities. For example, a CSI ML encoder can compress a pre-decoded vector. The compressed pre-decoded vector may be referred to as a latent vector, which is a representation of the pre-decoded vector. Furthermore, network entities may include ML-based decoders for decoding (e.g., reconstructing, decompressing, etc.) the CSI in the CSF based on the encoded representation of the CSI; these may be referred to as CSI ML decoders. Although this paper discusses certain aspects with respect to ML-based encoders and decoders for CSI, it should be understood that the techniques discussed herein are similarly applicable to CSI encoded and decoded using other types of encoders and decoders.

[0028] Based on certain aspects discussed herein, it may be possible to convey coded CSI at different resolutions. The resolution of a coded CSI can refer to the amount of information in the coded CSI. For example, a lower-resolution coded CSI may include relatively less information, while a higher or larger-resolution coded CSI may include relatively more information. As an example, resolution may correspond to a quantization configuration (e.g., a particular quantization method, quantization parameters, and / or payload size). For instance, in the case where the coded CSI includes a potential vector containing real numbers, a quantizer (e.g., a vector or scalar quantizer) can be used to map the real numbers to multiple bits. A lower-resolution coded CSI may include mapping real numbers to a lower number of bits (thus providing a lower level of granularity in representing these numbers), while a higher-resolution coded CSI may include mapping real numbers to a higher number of bits (thus providing a higher level of granularity in representing these numbers). As another example, resolution may correspond to different parts of the coded CSI. For example, a lower-resolution coded CSI may include certain parameters such as rank and channel estimation, while a higher-resolution coded CSI may include a greater number of parameters such as rank, channel estimation, and pre-decoder. This paper discusses certain aspects relative to resolution corresponding to quantization configurations. However, it should be understood that the techniques discussed herein are similarly applicable to resolutions corresponding to other configurations of the amount of encoded CSI included in the CSF.

[0029] Always communicating coded CSI with higher resolution can result in a larger CSF, requiring more communication resources for communication. On the other hand, always communicating coded CSI with lower resolution can result in less accurate or lower quality CSI being delivered from the UE to the network entity, which may lead to less than ideal selection of parameters used by the network entity to communicate downlink data transmission to the UE (e.g., modulation scheme, decoding rate, number of transmission layers, pre-decoding, etc.).

[0030] Therefore, certain aspects of this disclosure provide techniques for first communicating a CSF indicating an encoded CSI at a first resolution, and then communicating another CSF indicating an encoded CSI at a second resolution greater than the first resolution. For example, in some aspects, the UE may first communicate a CSF indicating an encoded CSI at the first resolution to a network entity. The network entity may then transmit a request to the UE to transmit another CSF indicating an encoded CSI at the second resolution. For example, the network entity may determine that the information provided by the encoded CSI at the first resolution is insufficient to select parameters for communicating downlink data transmission, may determine that resources are available for the UE to transmit an encoded CSI at the second resolution so that the network entity can better determine the parameters, and transmit the request accordingly. The UE may then transmit a CSF indicating an encoded CSI at the second resolution.

[0031] Therefore, the techniques discussed in this paper offer the following technical benefits: UEs and network entities can communicate coded CSIs at different resolutions, thereby providing higher accuracy when needed or using fewer communication resources when required. Furthermore, network entities capable of requesting higher-resolution coded CSIs provide an on-demand communication method for higher-resolution coded CSIs, thereby helping to reduce the use of communication resources when higher resolution is not needed, while still allowing higher-resolution coded CSIs when required.

[0032] Furthermore, the techniques discussed in this paper involve transmitting the same coded CSI at different resolutions, rather than encoding the CSI differently and transmitting different coded CSIs. This provides the following technical benefits: instead of encoding the CSI separately using different encoding schemes, the CSI only needs to be encoded once using an encoder, thereby reducing the computational complexity at the UE, which can help with latency, power savings, etc.

[0033] Additionally, in some aspects, the CSF indicating the encoded CSI at the second resolution provides additional encoded CSI information incrementally relative to the encoded CSI at the first resolution. For example, the first CSF indicating the encoded CSI at the first resolution may include a first set of bits of the encoded CSI, while the second CSF indicating the encoded CSI at the second resolution may include a second set of bits of the encoded CSI. The first set of bits of the encoded CSI may indicate the encoded CSI at the first resolution on its own. However, the second set of bits of the encoded CSI may not indicate the encoded CSI at the second resolution on its own, but rather a combination of the first set and the second set of bits of the encoded CSI may indicate the encoded CSI at the second resolution.

[0034] For example, the encoded CSI can be a pre-decoder vector. The second resolution of the encoded CSI can correspond to a pre-decoder vector mapped to, for example, 6 bits (e.g., each element therein). The first resolution of the encoded CSI can correspond to the 4 most significant bits out of the 6 bits. Therefore, the first set of bits can be the 4 most significant bits out of the 6 bits, while the second set of bits can be the remaining 2 bits out of the 6 bits excluding the 4 most significant bits.

[0035] In another example, the encoded CSI may include multiple parameters, such as the pre-decoder vector, rank, and channel estimate. A first resolution of the encoded CSI may include the pre-decoder vector such that a first set of bits corresponds to the bits in the encoded CSI corresponding to the pre-decoder vector. A second resolution of the encoded CSI may include the pre-decoder vector and the rank and channel estimate such that a second set of bits corresponds to the bits in the encoded CSI corresponding to the rank and channel estimate.

[0036] The CSF indicating the encoded CSI at the second resolution incrementally provides additional encoded CSI information relative to the encoded CSI at the first resolution. This can help reduce the communication resources used to communicate the encoded CSI at the second resolution when the encoded CSI at the first resolution has already been communicated.

[0037] It should be noted that, in some other respects, the second set of bits for encoding the CSI can separately indicate the encoded CSI at the second resolution, such that additional encoded CSI information in the CSF indicating the encoded CSI at the second resolution is provided as self-contained, rather than incrementally relative to the encoded CSI at the first resolution.

[0038] In some respects, techniques for conveying the same coded CSI at different resolutions can be used to monitor the performance of encoder-decoder pairs (such as CSI ML encoders and decoders). For example, a network entity may receive a first CSF from a UE indicating the coded CSI at a first resolution. The network entity may optionally process (e.g., dequantize) the coded CSI at the first resolution in the CSF, and then decode the coded CSI, such as using a CSI ML decoder pair (e.g., the processed CSI), to generate a first recreated version of the original CSI. Similarly, a network entity may receive a second CSF from a UE indicating the coded CSI at a second resolution. The network entity may optionally process (e.g., dequantize) the coded CSI at the second resolution in the CSF, and then decode the coded CSI, such as using a CSI ML decoder pair (e.g., the processed CSI), to generate a second recreated version of the original CSI. Since the second recreated version of the original CSI is created from the higher-resolution coded CSI, it is more likely to be closer to the original CSI measured at the UE than the first recreated version of the original CSI. Therefore, the network entity can use a second recreated version of the original CSI as the baseline ground truth original CSI and compare it with a first recreated version of the original CSI to test the performance of the encoder-decoder pair (e.g., a CSI ML encoder-decoder pair). The network entity can deactivate the encoder model at the UE and / or the decoder model at the network entity, activate different encoder and / or decoder models, fall back to another CSI mechanism not based on machine learning, and / or retrain the encoder-decoder pair if the performance is below a threshold.

[0039] An introduction to wireless communication networks

[0040] The techniques and methods described herein can be used in a variety of wireless communication networks. Although aspects herein may be described using terms commonly associated with 3G, 4G, 5G, 6G, and / or other generations of wireless technologies, aspects of this disclosure are equally applicable to other communication systems and standards not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0041] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication network 100 in which the aspects described herein can be implemented is depicted.

[0042] Generally, wireless communication network 100 includes various network entities (alternatively, network elements or network nodes). Network entities are typically communication devices and / or communication functions performed by communication devices (e.g., user equipment (UE), base station (BS), components of a BS, servers, etc.). Because such communication devices are part of wireless communication network 100 and facilitate wireless communication, they may be referred to as wireless communication devices. For example, various functions of the network and various devices associated with and interacting with the network may be considered network entities. Additionally, wireless communication network 100 includes terrestrial and non-terrestrial aspects (also referred to herein as non-terrestrial network entities). Terrestrial aspects include ground-based network entities (e.g., BS 102), and non-terrestrial aspects include satellite 140 and transport aircraft. These non-terrestrial aspects may include airborne network entities (e.g., one or more BSs) capable of communicating with other network elements (e.g., terrestrial BSs) and UEs.

[0043] In the depicted example, wireless communication network 100 includes BS 102, UE 104 and one or more core networks (such as Evolved Packet Core (EPC) 160 and 5G Core (5GC) network 190) that interoperate to provide communication services over various communication links, including wired and wireless links.

[0044] Figure 1 Various example UEs 104 are described, which may more generally include: cellular phones, smartphones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, laptops, personal digital assistants (PDAs), satellite radios, global positioning systems, multimedia devices, video devices, digital audio players, cameras, game consoles, tablets, smart devices, wearable devices, vehicles, electricity meters, air pumps, large or small kitchen appliances, healthcare devices, implants, sensors / actuators, displays, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, always-on (AON) devices, edge processing devices, data centers, or other similar devices. UE 104 may also be more generally referred to as mobile devices, wireless devices, stations, mobile stations, subscriber stations, mobile subscriber stations, mobile units, subscriber units, wireless units, remote units, remote devices, access terminals, mobile terminals, wireless terminals, remote terminals, mobile phones, and others.

[0045] BS 102 communicates wirelessly with UE 104 via communication link 120 (e.g., transmitting or receiving signals to or from UE 104). Communication link 120 between BS 102 and UE 104 may include uplink (UL) (also known as reverse link) transmission from UE 104 to BS 102 and / or downlink (DL) (also known as forward link) transmission from BS 102 to UE 104. In various aspects, communication link 120 may utilize multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technologies, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity.

[0046] BS 102 may typically include: NodeB, enhanced NodeB (eNB), next-generation enhanced NodeB (ng-eNB), next-generation NodeB (gNB or gNodeB), access point, transceiver base station, radio base station, radio transceiver, transceiver functionality, transmit / receive point, and / or others. Each of BS 102 provides communication coverage for a corresponding coverage area 110, which may sometimes be referred to as a cell, and in some cases may overlap (e.g., a small cell 102' may have a coverage area 110' that overlaps with the coverage area 110 of a macro cell). For example, BS may provide communication coverage for macro cells (covering a relatively large geographic area), pico cells (covering a relatively small geographic area, such as a stadium), femtocells (covering a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home)), and / or other types of cells.

[0047] Generally, a cell can refer to a portion, partition, or segment of wireless communication coverage served by network entities within a wireless communication network. A cell can have geographical characteristics (such as a geographical coverage area) and radio frequency characteristics (such as time and / or frequency resources dedicated to the cell). For example, multiple cells employing different frequency resources (e.g., bandwidth portions) and / or different time resources can cover a specific geographical coverage area. As another example, a single cell can cover a specific geographical coverage area. In some contexts (e.g., carrier aggregation scenarios and / or multi-connectivity scenarios), the terms "cell" or "serving cell" can refer to or correspond to a specific carrier frequency (e.g., component carrier) used for wireless communication, and "cell group" can refer to or correspond to multiple carriers used for wireless communication. As an example, in a carrier aggregation scenario, a UE can communicate on multiple component carriers corresponding to multiple (serving) cells in the same cell group, and in a multi-connectivity (e.g., dual-connectivity) scenario, a UE can communicate on multiple component carriers corresponding to multiple cell groups.

[0048] Although BS 102 is described as a single communication device in various aspects, it can be implemented in various configurations. For example, to give a few examples, one or more components of the base station can be decomposed, including a central unit (CU), one or more distributed units (DU), one or more radio units (RU), a near real-time (near RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC), or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC. In another example, various aspects of the base station can be virtualized. More generally, a base station (e.g., BS 102) can include components located at a single physical location or components located at various physical locations. In examples where the base station includes components located at various physical locations, the various components can each perform functions, such that the various components collectively achieve functionality similar to a base station located at a single physical location. In some aspects, a base station including components located at various physical locations can be referred to as a decomposed radio access network architecture (such as an open RAN (O-RAN) or virtualized RAN (VRAN) architecture). Figure 2 An example decomposed base station architecture is depicted and described.

[0049] Different BSs 102 within the wireless communication network 100 can also be configured to support different radio access technologies (such as 3G, 4G, and / or 5G). For example, a BS 102 configured for 4G LTE (collectively referred to as Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN)) can interface with EPC 160 via a first backhaul link 132 (e.g., S1 interface). A BS 102 configured for 5G (e.g., 5G NR or Next Generation RAN (NG-RAN)) can interface with 5GC 190 via a second backhaul link 184. BSs 102 can communicate directly or indirectly (e.g., via EPC 160 or 5GC 190) on a third backhaul link 134 (e.g., X2 interface), which can be wired or wireless.

[0050] Wireless communication network 100 can subdivide the electromagnetic spectrum into various categories, bands, channels, or other characteristics. In some aspects, subdivision is provided based on wavelength and frequency, where frequency may also be referred to as carrier, subcarrier, channel, tone, or subband. For example, 3GPP currently defines frequency range 1 (FR1) as including 410MHz to 7125MHz (which is often (interchangeably) referred to as "sub-6GHz"). Similarly, 3GPP currently defines frequency range 2 (FR2) as including 24,250MHz to 71,000MHz, which is sometimes (interchangeably) referred to as "millimeter wave" ("mmW" or "mmWave"). In some cases, FR2 can be further defined according to subranges (such as a first subrange FR2-1 including 24,250MHz to 52,600MHz and a second subrange FR2-2 including 52,600MHz to 71,000MHz). Base stations configured to communicate using mmWave / near mmWave radio bands (e.g., mmWave base stations such as BS 180) can utilize beamforming (e.g., 182) with UEs (e.g., 104) to improve path loss and range.

[0051] The communication link 120 between BS 102 and, for example, UE 104 can be via one or more carriers, which may have different bandwidths (e.g., 5MHz, 10MHz, 15MHz, 20MHz, 100MHz, 400MHz and / or other MHz) and may be aggregated in various ways. The carriers may be adjacent to each other or may not be adjacent to each other. The allocation of carriers may be asymmetric with respect to DL and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated to DL compared to UL).

[0052] Compared to lower-frequency communication, communication using higher frequency bands may have higher path loss and shorter range. Therefore, some base stations (e.g., Figure 1The BS 180 (180) can utilize beamforming 182 with the UE 104 to improve path loss and range. For example, the BS 180 and UE 104 may each include multiple antennas, such as antenna elements, antenna panels, and / or antenna arrays, to facilitate beamforming. In some cases, the BS 180 may transmit beamformed signals to the UE 104 in one or more transmit directions 182''. The UE 104 may receive beamformed signals from the BS 180 in one or more receive directions 182''. The UE 104 may also transmit beamformed signals to the BS 180 in one or more transmit directions 182''. The BS 180 may also receive beamformed signals from the UE 104 in one or more receive directions 182''. The BS 180 and UE 104 can then perform beamforming training to determine the optimal receive and transmit directions for each of the BS 180 and UE 104. It is worth noting that the transmit and receive directions of the BS 180 may be the same or different. Similarly, the sending and receiving directions of UE 104 can be the same or different.

[0053] The wireless communication network 100 further includes a Wi-Fi AP 150 that communicates with a Wi-Fi station (STA) 152 via a communication link 154 in, for example, unlicensed spectrum in 2.4 GHz and / or 5 GHz.

[0054] Some UEs 104 may use device-to-device (D2D) communication links 158 to communicate with each other. The D2D communication link 158 may use one or more sidelink channels, such as physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH), physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH), physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH), and / or physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH).

[0055] EPC 160 may include various functional components, including: Mobility Management Entity (MME) 162, other MMEs 164, Serving Gateway 166, Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) Gateway 168, Broadcast Multicast Service Center (BM-SC) 170, and / or Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway 172, as in the illustrated example. MME 162 may communicate with Home Subscriber Server (HSS) 174. MME 162 is the control node that handles signaling between UE 104 and EPC 160. Generally, MME 162 provides bearer and connectivity management.

[0056] Generally, user Internet Protocol (IP) packets are transmitted through Serving Gateway 166, which is itself connected to PDN Gateway 172. PDN Gateway 172 provides UE IP address allocation and other functions. PDN Gateway 172 and BM-SC 170 are connected to IP services 176, which may include, for example, the Internet, intranets, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), packet-switched (PS) streaming services, and / or other IP services.

[0057] The BM-SC 170 provides functionality for MBMS user service dispatch and delivery. The BM-SC 170 can serve as an entry point for content provider MBMS transmissions, can be used to authorize and initiate MBMS bearer services within a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN), and / or can be used to schedule MBMS transmissions. The MBMS gateway 168 can be used to distribute MBMS services to BS 102 belonging to a Broadcast-Specific Service Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) area, and / or can be responsible for session management (start / stop) and collecting eMBMS-related billing information.

[0058] 5GC 190 may include various functional components, including: Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 192, other AMFs 193, Session Management Function (SMF) 194, and User Plane Function (UPF) 195. AMF 192 can communicate with Unified Data Management (UDM) 196.

[0059] AMF 192 is the control node that handles signaling between UE 104 and 5GC 190. AMF 192 provides services such as Quality of Service (QoS) flow and session management.

[0060] Internet Protocol (IP) packets are transmitted via UPF 195, which connects to IP service 197 and provides the UE with IP address allocation and other functions for 5GC 190. IP service 197 may include, for example, the Internet, intranet, IMS, PS streaming service, and / or other IP services.

[0061] In various aspects, to give a few examples, network entities or network nodes can be implemented as aggregated base stations, decomposed base stations, components of base stations, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, relay nodes, and sidelink nodes.

[0062] Figure 2An example decomposed base station 200 architecture is depicted. The decomposed base station 200 architecture may include one or more central units (CUs) 210, which may communicate directly with the core network 220 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 220 through one or more decomposed base station units, such as a near real-time (near-RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) 225 via an E2 link, or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC 215 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) framework 205, or both. CUs 210 may communicate with one or more distributed units (DUs) 230 via corresponding midhaul links (such as F1 interfaces). DUs 230 may communicate with one or more radio units (RUs) 240 via corresponding fronthaul links. RUs 240 may communicate with a corresponding UE 104 via one or more radio frequency (RF) access links. In some implementations, UE 104 may be served simultaneously by multiple RUs 240.

[0063] Each unit in a cell (e.g., CU 210, DU 230, RU 240, and near-RT RIC 225, non-RT RIC 215, and SMO frame 205) may include or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each of the cells, or an associated processor or controller that provides instructions to the cell's communication interface, may be configured to communicate with one or more other cells via the transmission medium. For example, these cells may include a wired interface configured to receive signals or transmit signals to one or more other cells via a wired transmission medium. Additionally or alternatively, a cell may include a wireless interface that may include a receiver, transmitter, or transceiver (such as a radio frequency (RF) transceiver) configured to receive signals on a wireless transmission medium or transmit signals to one or more other cells, or both.

[0064] In some aspects, CU 210 can host one or more higher-level control functions. Such control functions may include Radio Resource Control (RRC), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), Serving Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), etc. Each control function can be implemented using an interface configured to signal to other control functions hosted by CU 210. CU 210 can be configured to handle user plane functions (e.g., Central Unit-User Plane (CU-UP)), control plane functions (e.g., Central Unit-Control Plane (CU-CP)), or combinations thereof. In some implementations, CU 210 can be logically divided into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, CU-UP units can communicate bidirectionally with CU-CP units via an interface such as an E1 interface. CU 210 can be implemented to communicate with DU 230 for network control and signaling purposes, as needed.

[0065] DU 230 may correspond to a logic unit that includes one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RU 240s. In some aspects, DU 230 may at least partially host one or more of the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers (such as modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation and demodulation, etc.) according to functional splits (such as those defined by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). In some aspects, DU 230 may further host one or more low PHY layers. Each layer (or module) may be implemented using an interface configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by DU 230 or with control functions hosted by CU 210.

[0066] Lower-layer functionality can be implemented by one or more RU 240s. In some deployments, an RU240 controlled by a DU 230 may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions or low-PHY layer functions (such as performing Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, or Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, or both, based at least in part on functional decomposition (such as lower-layer functional decomposition). In such architectures, the RU 240 may be implemented to handle over-the-air (OTA) communications with one or more UE 104s. In some specific implementations, the real-time and non-real-time aspects of control plane and user plane communications with the RU 240 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 230. In some scenarios, this configuration enables the implementation of the DU 230 and CU 210 in cloud-based RAN architectures such as vRAN architectures.

[0067] SMO framework 205 can be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of both non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, SMO framework 205 can be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which can be managed via operation and maintenance interfaces such as the O1 interface. For virtualized network elements, SMO framework 205 can be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform such as Open Cloud (O-Cloud) 290 to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface such as the O2 interface. Such virtualized network elements may include, but are not limited to, CU 210, DU 230, RU 240, and near-RT RIC 225. In some specific implementations, SMO framework 205 may communicate with the hardware aspects of the 4G RAN (such as Open eNB (O-eNB) 211) via the O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, the SMO framework 205 may communicate directly with one or more DU 230s and / or one or more RU 240s via an O1 interface. The SMO framework 205 may also include a non-RT RIC 215 configured to support the functionality of the SMO framework 205.

[0068] The non-RT RIC 215 can be configured to include logical functions that enable non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, including artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) workflows for model training and updates, or policy-based guidance for applications / features in the near-RT RIC 225. The non-RT RIC 215 can be coupled to or communicate with the near-RT RIC 225, such as via an A1 interface. The near-RT RIC 225 can be configured to include logical functions that enable near real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via an interface, such as via an E2 interface, through data collection and actions, connecting one or more CU 210s, one or more DU 230s, or both, and O-eNBs to the near-RT RIC 225.

[0069] In some implementations, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 225, the non-RT RIC 215 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. This information can be utilized by the near-RT RIC 225 and may be received from non-network data sources or network functions at the SMO framework 205 or the non-RT RIC 215. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 215 or the near-RT RIC 225 may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 215 may monitor long-term trends and patterns in performance and employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions via the SMO framework 205 (such as reconfiguration via O1) or by creating RAN management policies (such as A1 policies).

[0070] Figure 3 Various aspects of examples BS 102 and UE 104 are described.

[0071] Generally, BS 102 includes various processors (e.g., 318, 320, 330, 338, and 340), antennas 334a-334t (collectively referred to as 334), transceivers 332a-332t (collectively referred to as 332) including modulators and demodulators, and other aspects that enable the wireless transmission of data (e.g., data source 312) and the wireless reception of data (e.g., data sink 314). For example, BS 102 can transmit and receive data between BS 102 and UE 104. BS 102 includes a controller / processor 340 that can be configured to implement the various functions described herein related to wireless communication.

[0072] Generally, UE 104 includes various processors (e.g., 358, 364, 366, 370, and 380), antennas 352a-352r (collectively referred to as 352), transceivers 354a-354r (collectively referred to as 354) including modulators and demodulators, and other aspects that enable the wireless transmission of data (e.g., retrieval from data source 362) and the wireless reception of data (e.g., provision to data sink 360). UE 104 includes a controller / processor 380 that can be configured to implement the various functions described herein related to wireless communication.

[0073] Regarding example downlink transmission, BS 102 includes a transmission processor 320 that can receive data from data source 312 and control information from controller / processor 340. This control information may be for a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH), Physical Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) Indicator Channel (PHICH), Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), Group Common PDCCH (GC PDCCH), and / or others. In some examples, this data may be for a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH).

[0074] The transmitter processor 320 can process (e.g., encode and symbol map) data and control information to obtain data symbols and control symbols, respectively. The transmitter processor 320 can also generate reference symbols (such as those for the primary synchronization signal (PSS), secondary synchronization signal (SSS), PBCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS), and channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS)).

[0075] The transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 330 can perform spatial processing (e.g., pre-decoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, and / or reference symbols where applicable, and can provide the output symbol stream to the modulators (MODs) in transceivers 332a-332t. Each modulator in transceivers 332a-332t can process its corresponding output symbol stream to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator can further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and up-convert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. The downlink signal from the modulators in transceivers 332a-332t can be transmitted via antennas 334a-334t respectively.

[0076] To receive downlink transmissions, UE 104 includes antennas 352a-352r that receive downlink signals from BS 102 and provide the received signals to demodulators (DEMODs) in transceivers 354a-354r respectively. Each demodulator in transceivers 354a-354r can adjust (e.g., filter, amplify, down-convert, and digitize) the corresponding received signal to obtain an input sample. Each demodulator can further process the input sample to obtain the received symbols.

[0077] The RX MIMO detector 356 acquires received symbols from all demodulators in transceivers 354a-354r, performs MIMO detection on the received symbols where applicable, and provides the detected symbols. The receive processor 358 can process (e.g., demodulate, deinterleave, and decode) the detected symbols, provide the decoded data for UE 104 to data sink 360, and provide the decoded control information to controller / processor 380.

[0078] Regarding the example uplink transmission, UE 104 further includes a transmission processor 364 that receives and processes data from data source 362 (e.g., for PUSCH) and control information from controller / processor 380 (e.g., for Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)). Transmission processor 364 can also generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., for Sounding Reference Signal (SRS)). Symbols from transmission processor 364 may be pre-decoded by TX MIMO processor 366, where applicable, further processed by modulators in transceivers 354a-354r (e.g., for SC-FDM), and transmitted to BS 102.

[0079] At BS 102, uplink signals from UE 104 can be received by antennas 334a-334t, processed by demodulators in transceivers 332a-332t, detected where applicable by RX MIMO detector 336, and further processed by receiver processor 338 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted by UE 104. Receiver processor 338 can provide the decoded data to data sink 314 and the decoded control information to controller / processor 340.

[0080] Memory 342 and memory 382 can store data and program code for BS 102 and UE 104, respectively.

[0081] Scheduler 344 can schedule UE to transmit data on the downlink and / or uplink.

[0082] In various respects, BS 102 can be described as transmitting and receiving various types of data associated with the methods described herein. In these contexts, "transmitting" can refer to various mechanisms that output data, such as from data source 312, scheduler 344, memory 342, transmit processor 320, controller / processor 340, TX MIMO processor 330, transceiver 332a-332t, antenna 334a-334t, and / or other aspects described herein. Similarly, "receiving" can refer to various mechanisms that acquire data, such as from antenna 334a-334t, transceiver 332a-332t, RX MIMO detector 336, controller / processor 340, receive processor 338, scheduler 344, memory 342, and / or other aspects described herein.

[0083] In various respects, UE 104 can also be described as transmitting and receiving various types of data associated with the methods described herein. In these contexts, “transmitting” can refer to various mechanisms that output data, such as from data source 362, memory 382, ​​transmit processor 364, controller / processor 380, TX MIMO processor 366, transceiver 354a-354t, antenna 352a-352t, and / or other aspects described herein. Similarly, “receiving” can refer to various mechanisms that acquire data, such as from antenna 352a-352t, transceiver 354a-354t, RX MIMO detector 356, controller / processor 380, receive processor 358, memory 382, ​​and / or other aspects described herein.

[0084] In some respects, the processor can be configured to perform various operations (such as those associated with the methods described herein) and to send (output) data to or receive data from another interface configured to send or receive data, respectively.

[0085] In various aspects, artificial intelligence (AI) processors 318 and 370 may perform AI processing for BS 102 and / or UE 104, respectively. AI processor 318 may include AI accelerator hardware or circuitry, such as one or more neural processing units (NPUs), one or more neural network processors, one or more tensor processors, one or more deep learning processors, etc. AI processor 370 may similarly include AI accelerator hardware or circuitry. As an example, AI processor 370 may perform AI-based beam management, AI-based channel state feedback (CSF), AI-based antenna tuning, and / or AI-based positioning (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning). In some cases, AI processor 318 may use hardware-accelerated AI inference and / or AI training to process feedback (e.g., CSF) from UE 104. AI processor 318 may, for example, use hardware-accelerated AI inference associated with the CSF to decode compressed CSF from UE 104. In some cases, AI processor 318 may perform certain RAN-based functions, including, for example, network planning, network performance management, energy-efficient network operation, etc.

[0086] Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 4C and Figure 4D Describes the use of wireless communication networks (such as Figure 1 All aspects of the data structure of the wireless communication network 100.

[0087] Specifically, Figure 4A Figure 400 is an example of the first subframe within a 5G (e.g., 5G NR) frame structure. Figure 4B Figure 430 illustrates an example of a DL channel within a 5G subframe. Figure 4C Figure 450 illustrates an example of the second subframe within a 5G frame structure, and Figure 4D Figure 480 illustrates an example of a UL channel within a 5G subframe.

[0088] Wireless communication systems can utilize Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP) on both the uplink and downlink. Such systems can also support half-duplex operation using Time Division Duplex (TDD). OFDM and Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiplexing (SC-FDM) will (e.g., as...) Figure 4B and Figure 4D The system bandwidth (as depicted in the text) is divided into multiple orthogonal subcarriers. Each subcarrier can be modulated with data. Modulation symbols can be transmitted in the frequency domain using OFDM and / or in the time domain using SC-FDM.

[0089] Wireless communication frame structures can be Frequency Division Duplex (FDD), where subframes within a specific set of subcarriers are dedicated to DL or UL. Wireless communication frame structures can also be Time Division Duplex (TDD), where subframes within a specific set of subcarriers are dedicated to both DL and UL.

[0090] exist Figure 4A and Figure 4C In this example, the wireless communication frame structure is TDD, where D stands for DL, U for UL, and X is flexibly used between DL and UL. The UE can configure the time slot format via the received Slot Format Indicator (SFI) (dynamically configured via DL Control Information (DCI) or semi-statically / statically configured via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling). In the depicted example, a 10ms frame is divided into 10 equal-sized 1ms subframes. Each subframe may include one or more time slots. In some examples, each time slot may include 12 or 14 symbols, depending on the Cyclic Prefix (CP) type (e.g., 12 symbols per time slot for extended CP, or 14 symbols per time slot for regular CP). Subframes may also include micro-slots, which typically have fewer symbols than the entire time slot. Other wireless communication technologies may have different frame structures and / or different channels.

[0091] In some respects, the number of time slots within a subframe (e.g., the time slot duration within a subframe) is based on a parameter set that defines the frequency-domain subcarrier spacing and symbol duration, as further described herein. In some respects, given a parameter set μ, each subframe has 2 μ The number of time slots is 1. Therefore, parameter sets (µ) 0 through 6 allow for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64 time slots per subframe, respectively. In some cases, extended CP (e.g., 12 symbols per time slot) can be used with specific parameter sets; for example, parameter set 2 allows for 4 time slots per subframe. Subcarrier spacing and symbol length / duration are functions of the parameter set. The subcarrier spacing can be equal to... kHz, where μ is the parameter set from 0 to 6. As an example, the parameter set... Corresponding to a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz, and the parameter set This corresponds to a subcarrier spacing of 960 kHz. The symbol length / duration is negatively correlated with the subcarrier spacing. Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 4C and Figure 4D It provides a slot format with 14 symbols per slot (e.g., regular CP) and a parameter set with 4 slots per subframe. Example. In this case, the slot duration is 0.25 ms, the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, and the symbol duration is approximately 16.67 μs.

[0092] like Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 4C and Figure 4D As depicted, a resource grid can be used to represent the frame structure. Each time slot includes a resource block (RB) (also known as a physical RB (PRB)) extending for, for example, 12 consecutive subcarriers. The resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements (REs). The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme, including, for example, quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM).

[0093] like Figure 4A As illustrated in the example, some REs in the RE carry information for the UE (e.g., Figure 1 and Figure 3 The reference (pilot) signal (RS) for the UE (104) may include a demodulation RS (DMRS) and / or a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) for channel estimation at the UE. The RS may also include a beam measurement RS (BRS), a beam refinement RS (BRRS), and / or a phase tracking RS (PT-RS).

[0094] Figure 4B Examples of various DL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. The Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) carries the DCI within one or more Control Channel Elements (CCEs), each CCE comprising, for example, nine RE groups (REGs), each REG comprising, for example, four consecutive REs in an OFDM symbol.

[0095] The Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) can be located within symbol 2 of a specific subframe of the frame. The PSS is generated by the UE (e.g., Figure 1 and Figure 3 104) is used to determine subframe / symbol timing and physical layer identifier.

[0096] The secondary synchronization signal (SSS) can be located within symbol 4 of a specific subframe of a frame. The SSS is used by the UE to determine the physical layer cell identifier group number and radio frame timing.

[0097] Based on the Physical Layer Identifier and Physical Layer Cell Identifier Group Number, the UE can determine the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI). Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the location of the aforementioned DMRS. The Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), carrying the Master Information Block (MIB), can be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a Synchronization Signal (SS) / PBCH block. The MIB provides the number of RBs and the System Frame Number (SFN) in the system bandwidth. The Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information (such as System Information Block (SIB)) not transmitted via the PBCH, and / or paging messages.

[0098] like Figure 4C As illustrated, some REs in the REs carry DMRS for channel estimation at the base station (indicated as R for a particular configuration, but other DMRS configurations are possible). The UE can transmit DMRS for PUCCH and DMRS for PUSCH. PUSCH DMRS can be transmitted, for example, in the first or second symbol before the PUSCH. PUCCH DMRS can be transmitted in different configurations depending on whether a short or long PUCCH is being transmitted and depending on the specific PUCCH format used. UE104 can transmit a sounding reference signal (SRS). SRS can be transmitted, for example, in the last symbol of a subframe. SRS can have a comb structure, and the UE can transmit SRS on one of the comb teeth. SRS can be used by the base station for channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent scheduling of the UL.

[0099] Figure 4D Examples of various UL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. The PUCCH can be located as indicated in one configuration. The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI), such as scheduling requests, channel quality indicators (CQI), pre-decoding matrix indicators (PMI), rank indicators (RI), and HARQ ACK / NACK feedback. The PUSCH carries data and can additionally be used to carry buffer status reports (BSR), power clearance reports (PHR), and / or UCI.

[0100] Various aspects related to CSI-RS-based channel calculation

[0101] As discussed, the UE can be configured to communicate CSF, also known as CSI report or CSF report. Figure 5 The process flow 500 for CSF reporting in the network between network entity 502 and UE 504 is described. In some aspects, network entity 502 may be relative to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The BS 102 depicted and described, or relative to Figure 2 Examples of decomposed base stations are depicted and described. Similarly, UE 504 can be relative to... Figure 1 and Figure 3 Examples of UE 104 depicted and described herein. However, in other respects, UE 504 may be another type of wireless communication device, and network entity 502 may be another type of network entity or network node, such as those network entities or network nodes described herein.

[0102] At 512, UE 504 receives CSI-RS (or other suitable signal) from network entity 502. At 514, UE 504 performs channel calculations based on the CSI-RS, such as determining channel estimate H based on the received CSI-RS. For example, UE 504 may include a demodulator, which may be a transceiver of UE 504 (e.g., Figure 3 (Transceiver 354), RX MIMO detector (e.g., Figure 3 (RX MIMO detector 356) and / or receive processor (e.g., Figure 3 It is part of the receiver processor 358. Components such as demodulators can take CSI-RS, such as that received via multiple antennas of UE 504, as input and output a vector... This vector is a representation of the received CSI-RS received by each of the multiple antennas of the UE 504.

[0103] Based on the received signal model, vector This can be expressed in equation (1) as follows: (1) In equation (1), H corresponds to the matrix representation of the communication channel, just as in the channel estimation of a communication channel in which signals are transmitted (e.g., a downlink communication channel in which CSI-RS is transmitted). It is a vector representing symbols sent by network entity 502 across multiple spatial layers, and This refers to thermal noise on the communication channel. In some respects, H has a size equal to the number of antennas used for receiving signaling multiplied by the number of spatial layers (e.g., the number of beamforming transmissions, the number of antenna ports, etc.). For example, H has a number of rows equal to the number of antennas used for receiving signaling and a number of columns equal to the number of spatial layers. In some respects, the symbols constituting the CSI-RS are known to the UE 504 (e.g., configured or pre-configured at the UE). The UE 504 can determine the channel estimate H based on the received CSI-RS.

[0104] In some respects, UE 504 can also compute the pre-decoder (e.g., the pre-decoder matrix) V based on the channel estimate H as part of the channel calculation. For example, UE 504 can be configured to perform pre-decoding based on singular value decomposition (SVD) to determine the pre-decoder V. For example, SVD(H) = [USV], such that SVD provides the pre-decoder V. U can be related to the ordering of the rows of H, just as in the ordering of antennas as represented by H. It should be understood that other suitable techniques can be used to determine the pre-decoder V based on the channel estimate H.

[0105] At point 516, UE 504 transmits a CSF (e.g., CSI report) to network entity 502 indicating the determined channel estimate H and / or pre-decoder V. For example, the UE may determine one or more CSI parameters based on H and / or V, such as a channel quality indicator (CQI), a pre-decoder matrix indicator (PMI), and / or a rank indicator (RI). The RI may define the possible number of layers used for downlink transmission. The PMI may define a set of indices corresponding to the pre-decoder matrix V to be applied to downlink transmission. The CQI may be an indicator of channel quality, such as corresponding to H. UE 504 may then transmit an indication of one or more determined CSI parameters in the CSF to network entity 502. Network entity 502 may then schedule downlink data transmissions to UE 504 accordingly, such as using the modulation scheme, decoding rate, number of transmission layers, etc., determined by the network entity based on the CSF.

[0106] In some respects, UE 504 and network entity 502 may utilize AI / ML technologies to communicate CSF, which may be referred to as ML-based CSF reporting. For example, UE 504 may include an ML-based encoder (which may be referred to as a CSI ML encoder) for deriving an encoded (e.g., compressed) representation of the CSI for transmission to network entity 502. Furthermore, network entity 502 may include an ML-based decoder (which may be referred to as a CSI ML decoder) for decoding (e.g., reconstructing, decompressing, etc.) the CSI in the CSF based on the encoded representation of the CSI. While this document discusses certain aspects with respect to ML-based encoders and decoders for CSI, it should be understood that the techniques discussed herein are similarly applicable to CSI encoded and decoded using other types of encoders and decoders.

[0107] Figure 6 An example CSI ML encoder 604 and an example CSI ML decoder 602 are depicted. The CSI ML encoder 604 can be manufactured by a UE (such as...) Figure 1 and Figure 3 UE 104 or Figure 5 The UE 504 may be implemented by one or more processors. For example, the CSI ML encoder 604 may be implemented by one or more of the following: a receive processor 358, a transmit processor 364, a TX MIMO processor 366, an AI processor 370, and / or a controller / processor 380, as relative to... Figure 3 As described. The CSI ML decoder 602 can be used by network entities (such as...) Figure 1 and Figure 3 BS 102, or relative to Figure 2 The decomposed base station discussed, or Figure 5The network entity 502 is implemented by one or more processors. For example, the CSI ML decoder 602 may be implemented by one or more of the following: receive processor 338, transmit processor 320, TX MIMO processor 330, AI processor 318, and / or controller / processor 340, as relative to... Figure 3 As described.

[0108] The CSI ML encoder 604 is configured to receive channel state information (CSI) (such as downlink channel estimation H and / or pre-decoder V) or one or more other CSI parameters (such as measurements corresponding to one or more signals such as CSI-RS). The CSI ML encoder 604 is configured to derive an encoded (e.g., compressed) representation of the CSI. For example, the encoded representation of the CSI may compress the CSI included in the CSF. The CSI ML encoder 604 may utilize an ML model to encode the CSI. The ML model can be any suitable type of ML model, such as a neural network trained on input data to output an encoded representation of the CSI. The ML model may include one or more hidden layers for processing the CSI and an output layer that outputs the encoded representation of the CSI.

[0109] The CSI ML decoder 602 is configured to receive an encoded representation of the CSI and decode (e.g., reconstruct, decompress, etc.) the CSI in the CSI report based on the encoded representation. The CSI ML decoder 602 may utilize an ML model to decode the encoded representation of the CSI. The ML model can be any suitable type of ML model, such as a neural network trained on input data to output the CSI. The ML model may include one or more hidden layers for processing the encoded representation of the CSI and an output layer for outputting the CSI.

[0110] Various aspects related to coded CSI for conveying multiple resolutions

[0111] As discussed, the UE can be configured to communicate a CSF that includes coded CSIs at different resolutions. Figure 7 The process flow 700 for CSF reporting in the network between network entity 702 and UE 704 is described. In some aspects, network entity 702 may be relative to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The BS 102 depicted and described, or relative to Figure 2 Examples of decomposed base stations are depicted and described. Similarly, UE 704 can be relative to... Figure 1 and Figure 3 Examples of UE 104 depicted and described herein. However, in other respects, UE 704 may be another type of wireless communication device, and network entity 702 may be another type of network entity or network node, such as those network entities or network nodes described herein.

[0112] At 712, UE 704 receives CSI-RS (or other suitable signal) from network entity 702. At 714, UE 704 performs channel calculations based on the CSI-RS to determine the CSI, such as determining the channel estimate H and / or pre-decoder V based on the received CSI-RS, such as relative to... Figure 5 As discussed in section 514. At 716, UE 704 encodes (e.g., compresses) the CSI to generate an encoded CSI. For example, UE 704 can use a CSI ML encoder (such as...) Figure 6 Use the CSI ML encoder 604 or any suitable encoder (ML-based or non-ML-based) to encode CSI.

[0113] At 718, UE 704 generates a coded CSI at a first resolution. For example, UE 704 may quantize the coded CSI according to a first quantization configuration (e.g., associated with a first payload size). In some respects, network entity 702 transmits an indication of the first resolution (e.g., the first quantization configuration) to UE 704 prior to 718 (e.g., prior to 712), such as using Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling.

[0114] At 720, UE 704 transmits a CSF (e.g., a CSI report) to network entity 702 indicating (e.g., including) the encoded CSI at a first resolution. At 722, network entity 702 transmits a request to UE 704 for an encoded CSI at a second resolution. The second resolution may be higher than the first resolution. In some aspects, network entity 702 transmits an indication for the second resolution to UE 704 before 722 (e.g., before 712) such as using Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling (e.g., a second quantization configuration (e.g., associated with a second payload size greater than the first payload size)). In some aspects, the request for an encoded CSI at the second resolution includes an indication of the second resolution. In some aspects, the request for an encoded CSI at the second resolution includes an indication of whether the encoded CSI at the second resolution should be self-contained (e.g., independent of the CSF at 720) or incrementally communicated to network entity 702 relative to the encoded CSI at the first resolution as discussed. In some respects, at 720, the request for encoded CSI at the second resolution includes an indicator of the CSF. The CSF indicator may identify the CSF itself, or it may identify which CSF instance (such as which index) the request corresponds to.

[0115] At 724, UE 704 generates the coded CSI at a second resolution. For example, UE 704 may quantize the coded CSI according to a second quantization configuration (e.g., associated with a second payload size).

[0116] At 726, UE 704 transmits a CSF (e.g., a CSI report) to network entity 702 that indicates the encoded CSI at the second resolution. For example, if communicated as self-contained, the CSF may include the entire encoded CSI at the second resolution. For instance, a first CSF at 720 may indicate a first set of bits that indicate the encoded CSI at the first resolution, and a second CSF at 726 may indicate a second set of bits that indicate the encoded CSI at the second resolution.

[0117] In another example, the CSF may include incremental information that, when combined with the information in the CSF communicated at 720, delivers the encoded CSI at a second resolution, as discussed. For example, the first CSF at 720 may indicate a first set of bits that indicate the encoded CSI at the first resolution, and the second CSF at 726 may indicate a second set of bits, wherein the first set of bits and the second set of bits together indicate the encoded CSI at the second resolution.

[0118] In some respects, in order to generate the coded CSI at a first resolution at 718 and at a second resolution at 724, UE 704 maps (e.g., quantizes) the coded CSI (e.g., each element thereof) to a plurality of bits (e.g., 6 bits). The first CSF at 720 may include a first set of bits from this plurality of bits (e.g., the first four most significant bits). The second CSF at 726 may include a second set of bits from this plurality of bits (e.g., the next two most significant bits after the first four most significant bits). Thus, the plurality of bits may include a first set of bits and a second set of bits, such as the first set of bits concatenated with the second set of bits.

[0119] In some respects, in order for UE 704 to transmit a CSF indicating the encoded CSI at the second resolution at 726, UE 704 may need to maintain the channel calculation from 714, the encoded CSI from 716, and / or the encoded CSI at the first resolution from 718 after transmitting the CSF indicating the encoded CSI at the first resolution at 720. Specifically, in the case where network entity 702 transmits a request at 722, UE 704 may need to maintain such information so that it can then generate the encoded CSI at the second resolution at 724. Therefore, instead of deleting such information immediately after 720, UE 704 can store such information for a longer period of time.

[0120] In some respects, UE 704 may be able to store a limited number of coded CSIs for different CSI-RSs. For example, UE 704 may only be able to store X coded CSIs for X CSI-RSs simultaneously. In some respects, UE 704 transmits capability information to network entity 702 (e.g., before 712), which includes an indicator of the number of coded CSIs UE 704 can store simultaneously. Network entity 702 may ensure that the number of active CSI-RSs of UE 704 is less than or equal to the number of coded CSIs UE 704 can store simultaneously. For example, network entity 702 may request only a CSF to obtain a number of CSI-RSs less than or equal to the number of coded CSIs UE 704 can store simultaneously at one time, wherein a "request for CSF" is considered complete when: 1) a timer expires after a CSF with coded CSIs at a first resolution is communicated without a request for a CSF with coded CSIs at a second resolution being received; or 2) a CSF with coded CSIs at a second resolution is communicated.

[0121] In some respects, network entity 702 may transmit (e.g., before 712) a request to UE 704 to provide a CSF, which instructs UE 704 to store the coded CSI for a period of time after the transmission of the first CSF (such as the period between the transmission of the first CSF and the transmission of the second CSF). For example, the request may instruct the duration for storing the coded CSI after the transmission of the first CSF.

[0122] In some respects, a retransmission timer can be configured at UE 704 to extend the duration of maintaining the encoded CSI at UE 704 during its period. The request can instruct the duration of the extended retransmission timer, such as by a fixed amount of time. In some respects, network entity 702 is configured to transmit the request at 722 within the duration of the retransmission timer.

[0123] Although the generation of the coded CSI with the second resolution at 724 is shown to occur after the generation of the coded CSI with the first resolution at 718, it should be understood that the coded CSI with the second resolution may be generated before or simultaneously with the generation of the coded CSI with the first resolution.

[0124] Figure 8 An example CSI ML encoder 804 is depicted (e.g., Figure 6 The CSI ML encoder 604 and the example CSI ML decoder 802 (e.g., Figure 6 (CSI ML decoder 602).

[0125] Figure 8 Example first quantizer 806, second quantizer 808, first dequantizer 810 and second dequantizer 812 are further described, which can be any suitable quantizer and dequantizer respectively.

[0126] The CSI ML encoder 804, the first quantizer 806, and the second quantizer 808 can be implemented by one or more processors of the UE, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 3 UE 104, or Figure 5 UE 504, or Figure 7 UE 704. For example, CSI ML encoder 804, first quantizer 806 and / or second quantizer 808 may be implemented by one or more of receive processor 358, transmit processor 364, TX MIMO processor 366, AI processor 370 and / or controller / processor 380, as relative to Figure 3 As described.

[0127] The CSI ML decoder 802, the first dequantizer 810, and the second dequantizer 812 can be generated by network entities (such as...) Figure 1 and Figure 3 BS 102, or relative to Figure 2 The decomposed base station discussed, or Figure 5 Network Entity 502, or Figure 7 The network entity 702) is implemented by one or more processors. For example, the CSI ML decoder 802, the first dequantizer 810, and the second dequantizer 812 may be implemented by one or more of the receive processor 338, the transmit processor 320, the TX MIMO processor 330, the AI ​​processor 318, and / or the controller / processor 340, as relative to Figure 3 As described.

[0128] As discussed, the CSI ML encoder 804 is configured to generate coded CSI. In some aspects, the first quantizer 806 is configured to use a second quantization configuration to generate the coded CSI at a second resolution. Additionally, in some aspects, the second quantizer 808 is configured to use a first quantization configuration to generate the coded CSI at a first resolution, where the second resolution is greater than the first resolution. For example, the first quantizer 806 may map the coded CSI to multiple bits (e.g., 6 bits), and the second quantizer 808 may truncate these multiple bits (e.g., taking the four most significant bits out of the 6 bits).

[0129] The first dequantizer 810 can be configured to dequantize the encoded CSI at a second resolution to generate a recreated encoded CSI. The CSI ML decoder 802 is configured to generate (e.g., recreate) the CSI based on the recreated encoded CSI.

[0130] The second dequantizer 812 can be configured to dequantize the encoded CSI at a first resolution to generate a recreated encoded CSI. The CSI ML decoder 802 is configured to generate (e.g., recreate) the CSI based on the recreated encoded CSI.

[0131] Example Operation

[0132] Figure 9 It shows a device (such as) Figure 1 and Figure 3 Method 900 for wireless communication of UE 104.

[0133] Method 900 begins at step 905, where CSI-RS is received.

[0134] Method 900 then proceeds to step 910, wherein a first CSF of an instruction for encoded CSI at a first resolution is transmitted, the encoded CSI being based on CSI-RS.

[0135] Method 900 then proceeds to step 915, wherein a second CSF of the encoded CSI at a second resolution is transmitted, the second resolution being greater than the first resolution.

[0136] In some respects, encoding CSI involves latent vectors output from machine learning models.

[0137] In some respects, the first resolution corresponds to the first quantization configuration; and the second resolution corresponds to the second quantization configuration.

[0138] In some respects, the first CSF indicates a first set of bits, the first set of bits indicating the encoded CSI at a first resolution; and the second CSF indicates a second set of bits, the first set of bits and the second set of bits together indicating the encoded CSI at a second resolution.

[0139] In some respects, method 900 also includes mapping the CSI to multiple bits, including a first set of bits and a second set of bits.

[0140] In some respects, the second CSF does not indicate the first set of bits.

[0141] In some respects, method 900 also includes receiving a request to transmit a second CSF, the request including an indicator of the first CSF.

[0142] In some respects, the request includes an indicator for a second resolution.

[0143] In some respects, the request includes an indicator of whether the second CSF is independent of or increments relative to the first CSF.

[0144] In some respects, method 900 also includes transmission capability information, which includes an indicator of the number of coded CSIs that the device can store simultaneously.

[0145] In some aspects, method 900 also includes receiving a request to provide a CSF, which instructs the device to store coded CSI during the time period between the transmission of the first CSF and the transmission of the second CSF.

[0146] In some respects, a request to instruct the device to store the coded CSI during the time period between the transmission of the first CSF and the transmission of the second CSF includes a request to instruct the duration of storing the coded CSI after the transmission of the first CSF.

[0147] In some respects, method 900 or any aspect thereof may be made by means of a device (such as...) Figure 11 The communication device 1100 performs the method 900, which includes various components operable to, configured to, or adapted to perform the method. The communication device 1100 is described in more detail below.

[0148] It should be noted that Figure 9 This is merely one example of a method, and other methods that include fewer, additional, or alternative steps may also be consistent with this disclosure.

[0149] Figure 10 It shows a device (such as) Figure 1 and Figure 3 BS 102 or as relative to Figure 2 The method 1000 for wireless communication using a decomposed base station (discussed in this paper).

[0150] Method 1000 begins at step 1005, in which CSI-RS is transmitted.

[0151] Method 1000 then proceeds to step 1010, wherein a first CSF indicating an encoded CSI at a first resolution is received, the encoded CSI being based on CSI-RS.

[0152] Method 1000 then proceeds to step 1015, wherein a second CSF indicating an encoded CSI at a second resolution greater than the first resolution is received.

[0153] In some respects, encoding CSI involves latent vectors output from machine learning models.

[0154] In some respects, the first resolution corresponds to the first quantization configuration; and the second resolution corresponds to the second quantization configuration.

[0155] In some respects, the first CSF indicates a first set of bits, the first set of bits indicating the encoded CSI at a first resolution; and the second CSF indicates a second set of bits, the first set of bits and the second set of bits together indicating the encoded CSI at a second resolution.

[0156] In some respects, the second CSF does not indicate the first set of bits.

[0157] In some respects, method 1000 also includes transmitting a request to transmit a second CSF, the request including an indicator of the first CSF.

[0158] In some respects, the request includes an indicator for a second resolution.

[0159] In some respects, the request includes an indicator of whether the second CSF is independent of or increments relative to the first CSF.

[0160] In some respects, method 1000 also includes reception capability information, which includes an indicator of the number of coded CSIs that the UE can store simultaneously.

[0161] In some respects, method 1000 also includes transmitting a request to provide a CSF, which instructs the UE to store coded CSI during the time period between transmitting the first CSF and transmitting the second CSF.

[0162] In some respects, a request to instruct the UE to store the coded CSI during the time period between the transmission of the first CSF and the transmission of the second CSF includes a request to instruct the duration of storing the coded CSI after the transmission of the first CSF.

[0163] In some respects, method 1000 also includes monitoring the performance of a first ML model configured to encode CSI and a second ML model configured to decode encoded CSI based on a comparison of a first CSF and a second CSF.

[0164] In some respects, method 1000 or any aspect thereof may be made by means of a device (such as...) Figure 12 The communication device 1200 performs the method, which includes various components operable to, configured to, or adapted to perform the method 1000. The communication device 1200 is described in more detail below.

[0165] It should be noted that Figure 10 This is merely one example of a method, and other methods that include fewer, additional, or alternative steps may also be consistent with this disclosure.

[0166] Example communication device

[0167] Figure 11Various aspects of the example communication device 1100 are described. In some aspects, the communication device 1100 is user equipment, such as those described above relative to... Figure 1 and Figure 3 The UE 104 described.

[0168] Communication device 1100 includes a processing system 1105 coupled to a transceiver 1155 (e.g., a transmitter and / or receiver). Transceiver 1155 is configured to transmit and receive signals for communication device 1100 via antenna 1160, such as various signals as described herein. Processing system 1105 may be configured to perform processing functions of communication device 1100, including processing signals received by and / or to be transmitted by communication device 1100.

[0169] Processing system 1105 includes one or more processors 1110. In various aspects, the one or more processors 1110 may represent one or more of a receive processor 358, a transmit processor 364, a TX MIMO processor 366, and / or a controller / processor 380, as relative to... Figure 3 As described. One or more processors 1110 are coupled to a computer-readable medium / memory 1130 via a bus 1150. In some aspects, the computer-readable medium / memory 1130 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code) that, when executed by one or more processors 1110, enable one or more processors 1110 to execute and cause the one or more processors to perform relative to... Figure 9 The described method 900 or any aspect related to the method, including regarding Figure 9 Any additional steps or sub-steps described. Note that references to processors performing the functions of communication device 1100 may include one or more processors, such as performing the functions of communication device 1100 in a distributed manner.

[0170] In the depicted example, computer-readable medium / memory 1130 stores code 1135 for receiving, code 1140 for transmitting, and code 1145 for mapping. Processing of codes 1135 to 1145 enables communication device 1100 to execute and perform actions relative to... Figure 9 The described method 900 or any aspect related to that method.

[0171] One or more processors 1110 include circuitry configured to implement (e.g., execute) code stored in computer-readable medium / memory 1130, the circuitry including circuitry 1115 for receiving, circuitry 1120 for transmitting, and circuitry 1125 for mapping. Processing using circuitry 1115 to 1125 enables communication device 1100 to execute and perform relative to... Figure 9 The described method 900 or any aspect related to that method.

[0172] More generally, components used for conveying, sending, transmitting, or outputting for transmission may include Figure 3 The UE104 illustrated includes a transceiver 354, an antenna 352, a transmit processor 364, a TX MIMO processor 366, and / or a controller / processor 380. Figure 11 The transceiver 1155 and / or antenna 1160 of the communication device 1100 in the middle Figure 11 One or more processors 1110 of the communication device 1100. Components for transmitting, receiving, or acquiring may include... Figure 3 The UE 104 illustrated includes a transceiver 354, an antenna 352, a receiver processor 358, and / or a controller / processor 380. Figure 11 The transceiver 1155 and / or antenna 1160 of the communication device 1100 in the middle Figure 11 One or more processors 1110 of the communication device 1100 in the middle.

[0173] Figure 12 Various aspects of the example communication device 1200 are described. In some aspects, the communication device 1200 is a network entity, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 3 BS 102 or as relative to Figure 2 The decomposed base station under discussion.

[0174] Communication device 1200 includes a processing system 1205 coupled to a transceiver 1255 (e.g., a transmitter and / or receiver) and / or a network interface 1265. Transceiver 1255 is configured to transmit and receive signals for communication device 1200 via antenna 1260, such as various signals as described herein. Network interface 1265 is configured to transmit and receive signals for communication device 1200 via a communication link (such as those described herein, such as those relative to...). Figure 2 The described backhaul link, midhaul link, and / or fronthaul link receive and transmit signals for the communication device 1200. The processing system 1205 can be configured to perform the processing functions of the communication device 1200, including processing signals received by the communication device 1200 and / or to be transmitted by the communication device.

[0175] Processing system 1205 includes one or more processors 1210. In various aspects, the one or more processors 1210 may represent one or more of a receive processor 338, a transmit processor 320, a TX MIMO processor 330, and / or a controller / processor 340, as relative to... Figure 3As described. One or more processors 1210 are coupled to a computer-readable medium / memory 1230 via a bus 1250. In some aspects, the computer-readable medium / memory 1230 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code) that, when executed by one or more processors 1210, enable one or more processors 1210 to execute and cause the one or more processors to perform relative to... Figure 10 The described method 1000 or any aspect related to the method, including regarding Figure 10 Any additional steps or sub-steps described. Note that references to the processor of the communication device 1200 performing the function may include one or more processors of the communication device 1200, such as those performing the function in a distributed manner.

[0176] In the depicted example, computer-readable medium / memory 1230 stores code 1235 for transmission, code 1240 for reception, and code 1245 for monitoring. Processing of codes 1235 to 1245 enables communication device 1200 to perform and allow the communication device to perform actions relative to... Figure 10 The described method 1000 or any aspect related to that method.

[0177] One or more processors 1210 include circuitry configured to implement (e.g., execute) code stored in computer-readable medium / memory 1230, the circuitry including circuitry 1215 for transmission, circuitry 1220 for reception, and circuitry 1225 for monitoring. Processing using circuitry 1215 to 1225 enables communication device 1200 to perform and allow the communication device to perform relative to... Figure 10 The described method 1000 or any aspect related to that method.

[0178] More generally, components used for conveying, sending, transmitting, or outputting for transmission may include Figure 3 The BS102 illustrated includes a transceiver 332, an antenna 334, a transmit processor 320, a TX MIMO processor 330, and / or a controller / processor 340. Figure 12 The transceiver 1255 and / or antenna 1260 of the communication device 1200 in the middle Figure 12 One or more processors 1210 of the communication device 1200. Components for transmitting, receiving, or acquiring may include... Figure 3 The BS 102 illustrated includes transceiver 332, antenna 334, receiver processor 338, and / or controller / processor 340. Figure 12 The transceiver 1255 and / or antenna 1260 of the communication device 1200 in the middle Figure 12 One or more processors 1210 of the communication device 1200.

[0179] Example Terms

[0180] Specific implementation examples are described in the following numbered clauses: Clause 1: A method for wireless communication by a device, the method comprising: receiving a CSI-RS; transmitting a first CSF indicating an encoded CSI at a first resolution, the encoded CSI being based on the CSI-RS; and transmitting a second CSF indicating the encoded CSI at a second resolution greater than the first resolution.

[0181] Clause 2: The method described in Clause 1, wherein the encoded CSI includes a latent vector output from a machine learning model.

[0182] Clause 3: The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 2, wherein: the first resolution corresponds to the first quantization configuration; and the second resolution corresponds to the second quantization configuration.

[0183] Clause 4: The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 3, wherein: the first CSF indicates a first set of bits, the first set of bits indicating the encoded CSI at the first resolution; and the second CSF indicates a second set of bits, the first set of bits and the second set of bits together indicating the encoded CSI at the second resolution.

[0184] Clause 5: The method of Clause 4 further comprises: mapping the CSI to a plurality of bits of a first set of bits and a second set of bits.

[0185] Clause 6: The method described in Clause 4, wherein the second CSF does not indicate the first set of bits.

[0186] Clause 7: The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 6 further comprises: receiving a request to transmit the second CSF, the request including an indicator of the first CSF.

[0187] Clause 8: The method described in Clause 7, wherein the request includes an indicator of the second resolution.

[0188] Clause 9: The method described in Clause 7, wherein the request includes an indicator of whether the second CSF is independent of or increments relative to the first CSF.

[0189] Clause 10: The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 9, the method further comprising: transmitting capability information, the capability information including an indicator of the number of coded CSIs that the device can store simultaneously.

[0190] Clause 11: The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 10, the method further comprising: receiving a request to provide a CSF, the request instructing the apparatus to store the encoded CSI during a time period between the transmission of the first CSF and the transmission of the second CSF.

[0191] Clause 12: The method according to Clause 11, wherein the request to instruct the device to store the encoded CSI during the time period between the transmission of the first CSF and the transmission of the second CSF includes the request to instruct the storage of the encoded CSI after the transmission of the first CSF.

[0192] Clause 13: A method for wireless communication by a device, the method comprising: transmitting a CSI-RS; receiving a first CSF indicating an encoded CSI at a first resolution, the encoded CSI being based on the CSI-RS; and receiving a second CSF indicating the encoded CSI at a second resolution greater than the first resolution.

[0193] Clause 14: The method according to Clause 13, wherein the encoded CSI includes a latent vector output from a machine learning model.

[0194] Clause 15: The method according to any one of Clauses 13 to 14, wherein: the first resolution corresponds to the first quantization configuration; and the second resolution corresponds to the second quantization configuration.

[0195] Clause 16: The method according to any one of Clauses 13 to 15, wherein: the first CSF indicates a first set of bits, the first set of bits indicating the encoded CSI at the first resolution; and the second CSF indicates a second set of bits, the first set of bits and the second set of bits together indicating the encoded CSI at the second resolution.

[0196] Clause 17: The method described in Clause 16, wherein the second CSF does not indicate the first set of bits.

[0197] Clause 18: The method according to any one of Clauses 13 to 17, the method further comprising: transmitting a request to transmit the second CSF, the request including an indicator of the first CSF.

[0198] Clause 19: The method described in Clause 18, wherein the request includes an indicator of the second resolution.

[0199] Clause 20: The method according to Clause 18, wherein the request includes an indicator of whether the second CSF is independent of or increments relative to the first CSF.

[0200] Clause 21: The method according to any one of Clauses 13 to 20, the method further comprising: receiving capability information, the capability information including an indicator of the number of coded CSIs that the UE can store simultaneously.

[0201] Clause 22: The method according to any one of Clauses 13 to 21, the method further comprising: transmitting a request to provide a CSF, the request instructing the UE to store the encoded CSI during a time period between transmitting the first CSF and transmitting the second CSF.

[0202] Clause 23: The method according to Clause 22, wherein the request to instruct the UE to store the encoded CSI during the time period between the transmission of the first CSF and the transmission of the second CSF includes the request to instruct the duration of storing the encoded CSI after the transmission of the first CSF.

[0203] Clause 24: The method according to any one of Clauses 13 to 23, the method further comprising: monitoring the performance of a first ML model configured to encode CSI and a second ML model configured to decode the encoded CSI based on a comparison of the first CSF and the second CSF.

[0204] Clause 25: One or more means comprising: one or more memories (e.g., including executable instructions); and one or more processors configured to (e.g., execute the executable instructions and) cause the one or more means to perform the method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 24.

[0205] Clause 26: One or more apparatuses, said apparatuses comprising components for performing the method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 24.

[0206] Clause 27: One or more non-transitory computer-readable media, the one or more non-transitory computer-readable media comprising executable instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of one or more devices, cause the one or more devices to perform the method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 24.

[0207] Clause 28: One or more computer program products embodied on one or more computer-readable storage media, the one or more computer program products including code for performing the method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 24.

[0208] Additional Notes

[0209] The foregoing description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. The examples discussed herein do not limit the scope, applicability, or aspects set forth in the claims. Various modifications to these aspects will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. For example, the function and arrangement of the elements discussed may be changed without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Various processes or components may be omitted, substituted, or added as appropriate in various examples. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various actions may be added, omitted, or combined. Furthermore, features described with respect to some examples may be combined in some other examples. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein may be used to implement an apparatus or practice. Moreover, the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover such apparatuses or methods practiced using other structures, functionalities, or structures and functionalities that complement or replace the various aspects of this disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure herein may be embodied by one or more elements of these claims.

[0210] The various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in this disclosure can be implemented or executed using a general-purpose processor, AI processor, digital signal processor (DSP), ASIC, field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device (PLD), discrete gate or transistor logic element, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. While the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, in alternative embodiments, the processor may be any commercially available processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors working in conjunction with a DSP core, a system-on-a-chip (SoC), or any other such configuration.

[0211] As used in this article, the phrase “at least one of the items” refers to any combination of these items, including a single member. As an example, “at least one of a, b, or c” is intended to cover: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, and abc, as well as any combination with multiple identical elements (e.g., aa, aaa, aab, aac, abb, acc, bb, bbb, bbb, bbc, cc, and ccc, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0212] As used herein, the term "determine" encompasses a wide variety of actions. For example, "determine" can include calculation, operation, processing, deduction, investigation, lookup (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), assertion, etc. Additionally, "determine" can include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc. Furthermore, "determine" can include parsing, selecting, picking, building, etc.

[0213] As used herein, unless otherwise stated, “coupled to” and “coupled with” generally encompass both direct and indirect coupling (e.g., including intermediate aspects of coupling). For example, stating that a processor is coupled to memory allows for direct coupling or coupling via an intermediate aspect such as a bus.

[0214] The methods disclosed herein include one or more actions for implementing the methods. These actions may be interchanged without departing from the scope of the claims. In other words, unless a specific order of actions is specified, the order and / or use of a particular action may be modified without departing from the scope of the claims. Furthermore, the various operations of the methods described above may be performed by any suitable component capable of performing the corresponding function. This component may include various hardware and / or software components and / or modules, including but not limited to circuits, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or processors.

[0215] The following claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but should be given the full scope consistent with the language of the claims. References to singular elements are not intended to mean “only one” (unless specifically stated as “only one”), but rather “one or more”. Unless otherwise specified, definite articles (e.g., “the” or “described”) subsequently used with an element (e.g., “processor”) are not intended to give that element a singular meaning (e.g., “only one”). For example, unless otherwise specified, references to elements (e.g., “processor”, “controller”, “memory”, “transceiver”, “antenna”, “the processor”, “the controller”, “the memory”, “the transceiver”, “the antenna”, etc.) should be understood to refer to one or more elements (e.g., “one or more processors”, “one or more controllers”, “one or more memories”, “a plurality of transceivers”, etc.). The terms “set” and “group” are intended to include one or more elements and are used interchangeably with “one or more”. In the case of references to one or more elements performing a function (e.g., steps of a method), one element may perform all the functions, or more than one element may collectively perform those functions. When more than one element performs these functions together, each function does not need to be performed by every single element (e.g., different functions can be performed by different elements), and / or each function does not need to be performed by only one element as a whole (e.g., different elements can perform different sub-functions of a function). Similarly, when referring to one or more elements configured to cause another element (e.g., a device) to perform a function, one element may be configured to cause another element to perform all functions, or more than one element may be jointly configured to cause another element to perform these functions. Unless otherwise specifically stated, the term "some" refers to one or more. All structural and functional equivalents of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are currently or hereafter known to those skilled in the art are intended to be covered by the claims. Furthermore, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be offered to the public, whether or not such disclosure is explicitly stated in the claims.

Claims

1. An apparatus configured for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising: One or more memory units; and One or more processors, the one or more processors being configured to cause the device to: Receive Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS); The first channel state feedback (CSF) is transmitted, indicating coded channel state information (CSI) at a first resolution, the coded CSI being based on the CSI-RS; as well as The transmission indicates the second CSF of the encoded CSI at a second resolution, which is greater than the first resolution.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the encoded CSI comprises a latent vector output from a machine learning model.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The first resolution corresponds to the first quantization configuration; and The second resolution corresponds to the second quantization configuration.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The first CSF indicates a first set of bits, the first set of bits indicating the encoded CSI at the first resolution; and The second set of CSF indicator bits, together with the first set of bits and the second set of bits, indicates the encoded CSI at the second resolution.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the apparatus to: The CSI is mapped to multiple bits of the first set of bits and the second set of bits.

6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the second CSF does not indicate the first set of bits.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the apparatus to: Receive a request to transmit the second CSF, the request including an indicator of the first CSF.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the request includes an indicator of the second resolution.

9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the request includes an indicator that the second CSF is independent of or increments relative to the first CSF.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the apparatus to: Transmit capability information, which includes an indicator of the number of coded CSIs that the device can store simultaneously.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the apparatus to: A request to provide a CSF is received, the request instructing the device to store the encoded CSI during the time period between the transmission of the first CSF and the transmission of the second CSF.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the request to instruct the apparatus to store the encoded CSI during the time period between the transmission of the first CSF and the transmission of the second CSF includes the request to instruct the duration of storing the encoded CSI after the transmission of the first CSF.

13. An apparatus configured for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising: One or more memory units; and One or more processors, the one or more processors being configured to cause the device to: Transmit Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS); Receive a first channel state feedback (CSF) indicating coded channel state information (CSI) at a first resolution, the coded CSI being based on the CSI-RS; as well as Receive a second CSF indicating the encoded CSI at a second resolution greater than the first resolution.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the encoded CSI comprises a latent vector output from a machine learning model.

15. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein: The first resolution corresponds to the first quantization configuration; and The second resolution corresponds to the second quantization configuration.

16. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein: The first CSF indicates a first set of bits, the first set of bits indicating the encoded CSI at the first resolution; and The second set of CSF indicator bits, together with the first set of bits and the second set of bits, indicates the encoded CSI at the second resolution.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the second CSF does not indicate the first set of bits.

18. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the apparatus to: A request to transmit the second CSF is sent, the request including an indicator of the first CSF.

19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the request includes an indicator of the second resolution.

20. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the request includes an indicator that the second CSF is independent of or increments relative to the first CSF.

21. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the apparatus to: The capability information includes an indicator of the number of coded CSIs that a user equipment (UE) can store simultaneously.

22. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the apparatus to: A request to provide a CSF is transmitted, the request instructing the user equipment (UE) to store the encoded CSI during the time period between the transmission of the first CSF and the transmission of the second CSF.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the request to instruct the UE to store the encoded CSI during the time period between the transmission of the first CSF and the transmission of the second CSF includes the request to instruct the duration of storing the encoded CSI after the transmission of the first CSF.

24. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the apparatus to: The performance of a first machine learning (ML) model configured to encode CSI and a second ML model configured to decode the encoded CSI are monitored based on a comparison of the first CSF and the second CSF.

25. A method for wireless communication by a device, the method comprising: Receive Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS); The first channel state feedback (CSF) is transmitted, indicating coded channel state information (CSI) at a first resolution, the coded CSI being based on the CSI-RS; as well as The transmission indicates the second CSF of the encoded CSI at a second resolution, which is greater than the first resolution.

26. A method for wireless communication by a device, the method comprising: Transmit Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS); Receive a first channel state feedback (CSF) indicating coded channel state information (CSI) at a first resolution, the coded CSI being based on the CSI-RS; as well as Receive a second CSF indicating the encoded CSI at a second resolution greater than the first resolution.

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