Multi-friction damping anti-falling shock-absorbing spherical support

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-friction damping anti-falling shock-absorbing spherical support, and relates to the technical field of bridge buildings. The multi-friction damping anti-falling shock-absorbing spherical support comprises an upper support plate, a plane sliding plate, a spherical crown lining plate, a spherical sliding plate, a pressure-bearing assembly, a high-friction sliding part, a wedge-shaped damping device, a lower support plate, a sleeve, an anchor rod and an anchor bolt, and the plane stainless steel sliding plate is arranged on the surface of an inner cavity of the upper support plate; the plane sliding plate is arranged above the spherical crown lining plate and makes contact with the plane stainless steel sliding plate, the spherical crown lining plate is placed on the spherical sliding plate, and the spherical sliding plate is installed at the upper end of the pressure bearing assembly. In the invention, the high-friction sliding piece is matched with the high-friction contact plate to realize primary friction energy consumption, the trapezoidal structure of the pressure-bearing assembly and the wedge-shaped damping device are used for extruding to realize secondary damping superposition energy consumption, and the limiting stop block is used for realizing rigid limiting, so that the problems of rigid collision and beam falling of a beam body are effectively solved; and the anti-seismic safety performance of the bridge is obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge construction technology, specifically to a multi-friction damping anti-fall and shock-absorbing spherical bearing. Background Technology

[0002] Spherical bearings, as key force-transmitting components in bridge structures, are widely used in various bridge projects due to their advantages such as high load-bearing capacity and flexible rotation. Their main functions are to transfer loads and accommodate beam displacement and rotation. With the increasing sophistication of bridge design standards, higher requirements are being placed on the safety performance of bearings under complex working conditions, especially seismic loading.

[0003] However, existing conventional spherical bearings have relatively simple functions and lack effective damping energy dissipation mechanisms. They are unable to dissipate seismic energy during earthquakes, making the beams susceptible to damage from rigid collisions. At the same time, conventional bearings have limited displacement control capabilities under strong earthquakes and lack reliable limiting measures, posing a risk of beam slippage.

[0004] Therefore, those skilled in the art have provided a multi-friction damping anti-fall and shock-absorbing spherical bearing to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a multi-friction damping anti-fall and shock-absorbing spherical bearing, which solves the problems of existing spherical bearings lacking a damping energy dissipation mechanism, leading to rigid collision damage to the beam during earthquakes, and having limited displacement control capabilities, resulting in the beam easily slipping under strong earthquakes.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A multi-friction damping anti-fall and shock-absorbing spherical bearing includes an upper support plate, a flat sliding plate, a spherical crown liner, a spherical sliding plate, a pressure-bearing component, a high-friction sliding component, a wedge-shaped damping device, a lower support plate, a sleeve, an anchor rod, and anchor bolts. The inner surface of the upper support plate is provided with a flat stainless steel sliding plate. The flat sliding plate is positioned above the spherical crown liner and in contact with the flat stainless steel sliding plate. The spherical crown liner is placed on the spherical sliding plate, and the spherical sliding plate is installed at the upper end of the pressure-bearing component.

[0008] The lower end of the pressure-bearing component is provided with a lower end stop, and the high-friction sliding component is installed in the lower end stop;

[0009] The upper surface of the lower support plate is provided with a high-friction contact plate, and the high-friction sliding member is in contact with the high-friction contact plate.

[0010] The wedge-shaped damping device is fixedly mounted on the lower support plate and is positioned opposite to the lower structure of the pressure-bearing component;

[0011] The above technical solution achieves the first level of frictional energy dissipation by combining high-friction sliding parts with high-friction contact plates, and achieves secondary damping superposition energy dissipation by squeezing the trapezoidal structure of the pressure-bearing component with the wedge-shaped damping device. The rigid limiting is achieved by the limiting block, which effectively solves the problems of rigid collision and beam drop of the beam and significantly improves the seismic safety performance of the bridge.

[0012] Furthermore, the lower structure of the pressure-bearing component is specifically a four-cornered trapezoidal structure with a flat sliding surface in the middle. The wedge-shaped damping device is located on the side of the four-cornered trapezoidal structure. When the seismic displacement is less than a preset value, the pressure-bearing component dissipates energy by sliding on the high-friction contact plate through a high-friction sliding member. When the seismic displacement exceeds the preset value, the four-cornered trapezoidal structure of the pressure-bearing component slides into the wedge-shaped damping device and makes compression contact with it.

[0013] The above technical solution realizes the multi-stage energy dissipation function of the support. Under small earthquakes, it uses high-friction sliding for initial energy dissipation. Under large earthquakes, it generates secondary frictional damping through the compression of the trapezoidal structure and the wedge device, which significantly improves the energy dissipation efficiency. At the same time, the geometric characteristics of the wedge structure provide the support with post-earthquake self-resetting capability.

[0014] Furthermore, the upper support plate is provided with limiting blocks on both sides in the displacement direction, and the upper end of the pressure-bearing component is provided with a downward displacement block corresponding to the position of the limiting blocks. When the displacement reaches the limit, the limiting blocks and the downward displacement blocks mechanically abut against each other to limit the displacement of the beam.

[0015] The above technical solutions constitute the ultimate rigid limit protection mechanism of the support, ensuring that when the seismic energy cannot be completely consumed in all energy-consuming links and the displacement reaches the limit, the beam displacement can be forcibly locked by mechanical abutment, effectively preventing beam falling accidents under extreme working conditions and greatly improving the safety redundancy of the bridge structure.

[0016] Furthermore, the upper support plate is provided with sliding blocks on both sides of the limiting direction, and a side stainless steel sliding plate is welded to the inner surface of the sliding block. A copper-based sliding strip is welded to the surface of the limiting downward block at the upper end of the pressure-bearing component. The copper-based sliding strip and the side stainless steel sliding plate contact and cooperate to form a lateral limiting sliding surface.

[0017] Through the above technical solutions, while ensuring the normal adaptation of the support to displacement and rotation, the lateral displacement of the beam is effectively constrained and limited, preventing the beam from shifting too much or becoming detached in the transverse direction, and further enhancing the spatial limiting capability of the support.

[0018] Furthermore, the wedge-shaped damping device is anchored to the lower support plate by bolts, the slope angle of the wedge-shaped damping device can be adjusted according to the damping requirements, and the inner surface of the wedge-shaped damping device is provided with a high-friction material layer.

[0019] The above technical solutions enable the damping parameters of the bearing to be designed and adjustable, allowing for flexible adjustment of the inclined plane angle to match the required restoring force according to different seismic fortification requirements. The added high-friction material layer further enhances the frictional resistance in the secondary energy dissipation stage, thereby improving the seismic performance.

[0020] Furthermore, the spherical surface of the spherical crown liner is polished and chrome-plated or covered with mirror stainless steel, and the upper surface of the flat sliding plate is coated with silicone grease, and the flat sliding plate forms a low-friction sliding surface with the flat stainless steel sliding plate through the silicone grease;

[0021] The above technical solutions effectively reduce the frictional resistance of the bearings under non-seismic conditions, ensuring that the bearings can flexibly adapt to the rotation and small displacement of the beam, avoiding secondary internal forces caused by excessive friction, and guaranteeing the normal function of the bearings.

[0022] Furthermore, the high-friction sliding component is made of metal or polymer material;

[0023] The above technical solutions broaden the application scenarios and applicable environments of the bearings. The most suitable materials can be selected according to different load requirements, environmental corrosivity and cost budget, which not only ensures the high efficiency of the first friction energy dissipation, but also improves the durability and economy of the bearings.

[0024] Furthermore, anchoring holes are provided at the four corners of the upper support plate and the lower support plate. The sleeve is threadedly connected to the anchor rod and anchored to the upper support plate and the lower support plate by anchoring bolts.

[0025] The above technical solution achieves a stable connection between the bearing and the bridge beam and pier. The threaded connection of the anchoring component is not only easy to install, but also has extremely high connection reliability. It can effectively transmit vertical loads and horizontal seismic forces, and prevent the bearing from detaching or shifting under strong earthquakes.

[0026] This invention provides a multi-friction damping anti-fall and shock-absorbing spherical bearing. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. This invention provides a multi-friction damping anti-fall and shock-absorbing spherical bearing. By setting a high-friction sliding member at the bottom of the bearing component and cooperating with the high-friction contact plate of the lower bearing plate, it generates the first layer of frictional energy dissipation under seismic action, realizing the initial release of seismic energy and significantly improving the energy dissipation and buffering capacity of the bearing in the early stage of an earthquake.

[0028] 2. This invention provides a multi-friction damping anti-fall and shock-absorbing spherical bearing. Through the mechanical cooperation of the four-corner trapezoidal structure at the lower end of the pressure-bearing component and the wedge-shaped damping device, it generates compression friction damping when the displacement exceeds the limit, realizing the superposition of secondary friction damping energy consumption, which significantly improves the energy consumption efficiency of the bearing in the face of strong earthquakes and its post-earthquake recovery capability.

[0029] 3. This invention provides a multi-friction damping anti-fall spherical bearing. By mechanically abutting the limiting block of the upper bearing plate with the downward displacement blocking block of the pressure-bearing component, it rigidly limits the beam displacement when the damping displacement reaches the limit, thus achieving the final locking of the beam displacement and significantly improving the anti-fall beam safety performance of the bridge under extreme seismic conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a frontal partial sectional view of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a partial sectional view of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure-bearing component, the downward displacement stop, the downward limiting stop, and the copper-based slide bar of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the downward displacement stop and the lower end stop of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the lower support plate and the upper structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the upper support plate and the lower end structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the bottom function of the present invention.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0039] 1. Upper support plate; 2. Flat sliding plate; 3. Spherical crown liner; 4. Sleeve; 5. Anchor bolt; 6. Wedge damping device; 7. Lower support plate; 8. High-friction sliding component; 9. Pressure-bearing component; 10. Spherical sliding plate; 11. Copper-based sliding strip; 12. Anchor bolt; 13. Limiting block; 14. Flat stainless steel sliding plate; 15. Sliding block; 16. Side stainless steel sliding plate; 17. High-friction contact plate; 18. Bolt; 19. Downward displacement block; 20. Downward limiting block; 21. Lower end stop. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Example 1:

[0042] like Figure 1-8 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a multi-friction damping anti-fall shock absorption spherical bearing, including an upper support plate 1, a flat sliding plate 2, a spherical crown liner 3, a spherical sliding plate 10, a pressure-bearing component 9, a high-friction sliding component 8, a wedge-shaped damping device 6, a lower support plate 7, a sleeve 4, an anchor rod 5, and an anchor bolt 12. The inner surface of the upper support plate 1 is provided with a flat stainless steel sliding plate 14. The flat sliding plate 2 is positioned above the spherical crown liner 3 and contacts the flat stainless steel sliding plate 14. The spherical crown liner 3 is placed on the spherical sliding plate 10, and the spherical sliding plate 10 is installed on the upper end of the pressure-bearing component 9.

[0043] The lower end of the pressure-bearing component 9 is provided with a lower end stop 21, and the high-friction sliding component 8 is installed in the lower end stop 21;

[0044] The upper surface of the lower support plate 7 is provided with a high friction contact plate 17, and the high friction sliding member 8 is in contact with the high friction contact plate 17.

[0045] The wedge-shaped damping device 6 is fixedly installed on the lower support plate 7 and is positioned opposite to the lower structure of the pressure-bearing component 9;

[0046] The high-friction sliding component 8 and the high-friction contact plate 17 work together to achieve the first level of frictional energy dissipation. The trapezoidal structure of the pressure-bearing component 9 and the wedge-shaped damping device 6 are used to achieve the second level of damping superposition energy dissipation. The limit block 13 is used to achieve rigid limiting, which effectively solves the problem of rigid collision and beam drop of the beam and significantly improves the seismic safety performance of the bridge.

[0047] The lower structure of the pressure-bearing component 9 is specifically a four-cornered trapezoidal structure. A straight sliding surface is located in the middle of this trapezoidal structure. The wedge-shaped damping device 6 is located on the side of the trapezoidal structure. When the seismic displacement is less than a preset value, the pressure-bearing component 9 dissipates energy by sliding on the high-friction contact plate 17 through the high-friction sliding member 8. When the seismic displacement exceeds the preset value, the four-cornered trapezoidal structure of the pressure-bearing component 9 slides into the wedge-shaped damping device 6 and makes compression contact with it, realizing the multi-stage energy dissipation function of the support. Under small earthquakes, high-friction sliding is used for initial energy dissipation. Under large earthquakes, secondary friction damping is generated through the compression between the trapezoidal structure and the wedge device, significantly improving energy dissipation efficiency. Simultaneously, the geometric characteristics of the wedge-shaped structure provide the support with post-earthquake self-resetting capability. The upper support plate 1... Limiting blocks 13 are provided on both sides of the displacement direction. The upper end of the pressure-bearing component 9 is provided with a downward displacement block 19 corresponding to the position of the limiting blocks 13. When the displacement reaches the limit, the limiting blocks 13 and the downward displacement block 19 mechanically abut against each other to limit the displacement of the beam, which constitutes the ultimate rigid limiting protection mechanism of the support. This ensures that when the seismic energy cannot be completely consumed in all energy-consuming links and the displacement reaches the limit, the beam displacement can be forcibly locked by mechanical abutment, effectively preventing beam collapse accidents under extreme working conditions and greatly improving the safety redundancy of the bridge structure. Sliding blocks 15 are provided on both sides of the upper support plate 1 in the limiting direction. The inner surface of the sliding blocks 15 is welded with a side stainless steel sliding plate 16. The surface of the downward limiting block 20 at the upper end of the pressure-bearing component 9 is welded with a copper-based sliding strip 1. 1. The copper-based sliding strip 11 and the side stainless steel sliding plate 16 contact and cooperate to form a lateral limiting sliding surface. While ensuring the normal displacement and rotation function of the support, it effectively constrains and limits the lateral displacement of the beam, preventing excessive offset or detachment of the beam in the transverse direction, and further enhancing the spatial limiting capability of the support. The wedge-shaped damping device 6 is anchored to the lower support plate 7 by bolts 18. The slope angle of the wedge-shaped damping device 6 can be adjusted according to the damping requirements, and the inner surface of the wedge-shaped damping device 6 is provided with a high-friction material layer, which makes the damping parameters of the support designable and adjustable. It can flexibly adjust the slope angle according to different seismic fortification requirements to match the required restoring force. The added high-friction material layer further enhances the secondary energy dissipation stage. The frictional resistance is reduced, improving the seismic performance. The spherical surface of the spherical crown liner 3 is polished and chrome-plated or covered with mirror-finish stainless steel. The upper surface of the flat sliding plate 2 is coated with silicone grease. The flat sliding plate 2 forms a low-friction sliding surface with the flat stainless steel sliding plate 14 through the silicone grease, effectively reducing the frictional resistance of the support under non-seismic conditions. This ensures that the support can flexibly adapt to the rotation and small displacement of the beam, avoiding secondary internal forces caused by excessive friction and ensuring the normal function of the support. The high-friction sliding component 8 is made of metal or polymer materials, broadening the application scenarios and applicable environments of the support. The most suitable material can be selected according to different load requirements, environmental corrosivity, and cost budget. This ensures the high efficiency of the first layer of friction energy dissipation and improves the durability and economy of the support.Anchor holes are provided at all four corners of the upper support plate 1 and the lower support plate 7. The sleeve 4 is threadedly connected to the anchor rod 5 and anchored to the upper support plate 1 and the lower support plate 7 through anchor bolts 12. This achieves a stable connection between the support and the bridge beam and pier. The threaded connection of the anchoring assembly is not only convenient to install but also has extremely high connection reliability, effectively transmitting vertical loads and horizontal seismic forces, and preventing the support from detaching or shifting under strong earthquakes.

[0048] Working Principle: Under normal use and minor earthquake conditions, the bearing meets the rotation and displacement requirements of the beam through the cooperation of the spherical crown liner 3 and the planar sliding plate 2. When an earthquake occurs, the bearing activates a multiple energy dissipation mechanism. First, the high-friction sliding member 8 at the bottom of the bearing component 9 and the high-friction contact plate 17 of the lower bearing plate 7 generate the first layer of frictional energy dissipation, initially releasing earthquake energy and buffering the rigid collision of the beam. When the earthquake intensity increases and the displacement exceeds the preset value, the trapezoidal structure at the lower end of the bearing component 9 slides into the wedge-shaped damping device 6, generating a second layer of frictional damping superposition energy dissipation through compression, and using the geometric characteristics of the wedge structure to provide post-earthquake self-resetting force. If the displacement continues to increase to the limit, the limiting block 13 of the upper bearing plate 1 will rigidly abut against the displacement block of the bearing component 9, forcibly locking the beam displacement and completely preventing the beam from falling. In addition, the lateral sliding block 15 cooperates with the copper-based sliding strip 11 to effectively constrain the lateral displacement of the beam, ensuring the safety of the bridge in all aspects.

[0049] The following points should be noted in this article:

[0050] 1. The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed herein only relate to the structures involved in the embodiments disclosed herein; other structures can be referred to in general design.

[0051] 2. Where there is no conflict, the embodiments of this disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0052] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-friction damping anti-fall and shock-absorbing spherical bearing, comprising an upper bearing plate (1), a flat sliding plate (2), a spherical crown liner (3), a spherical sliding plate (10), a pressure-bearing component (9), a high-friction sliding component (8), a wedge-shaped damping device (6), a lower bearing plate (7), a sleeve (4), an anchor rod (5), and an anchor bolt (12), characterized in that: The inner surface of the upper support plate (1) is provided with a flat stainless steel sliding plate (14). The flat sliding plate (2) is set above the spherical crown liner (3) and contacts the flat stainless steel sliding plate (14). The spherical crown liner (3) is placed on the spherical sliding plate (10). The spherical sliding plate (10) is installed at the upper end of the pressure-bearing component (9). The lower end of the pressure-bearing component (9) is provided with a lower end stop (21), and the high-friction sliding component (8) is installed in the lower end stop (21); The upper surface of the lower support plate (7) is provided with a high friction contact plate (17), and the high friction sliding member (8) is in contact with the high friction contact plate (17); The wedge-shaped damping device (6) is fixedly mounted on the lower support plate (7) and is positioned opposite to the lower structure of the pressure-bearing component (9).

2. The multi-friction damping anti-fall and shock-absorbing spherical bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower structure of the pressure-bearing component (9) is a four-cornered trapezoidal structure with a straight sliding surface in the middle. The wedge-shaped damping device (6) is located on the side of the four-cornered trapezoidal structure. When the earthquake displacement is less than the preset value, the pressure-bearing component (9) slides on the high-friction contact plate (17) through the high-friction sliding member (8) to dissipate energy. When the earthquake displacement exceeds the preset value, the four-cornered trapezoidal structure of the pressure-bearing component (9) slides into the wedge-shaped damping device (6) and is squeezed into contact with it.

3. The multi-friction damping anti-fall and shock-absorbing spherical bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper support plate (1) is provided with limiting blocks (13) on both sides of the displacement direction. The upper end of the pressure-bearing component (9) is provided with a downward displacement block (19) corresponding to the position of the limiting block (13). When the displacement reaches the limit, the limiting block (13) and the downward displacement block (19) mechanically abut against each other to limit the displacement of the beam.

4. The multi-friction damping anti-fall and shock-absorbing spherical bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper support plate (1) is provided with sliding blocks (15) on both sides for limiting. The inner surface of the sliding block (15) is welded with a side stainless steel sliding plate (16). The surface of the limiting downward block (20) at the upper end of the pressure-bearing component (9) is welded with a copper-based sliding strip (11). The copper-based sliding strip (11) and the side stainless steel sliding plate (16) make contact and cooperate to form a lateral limiting sliding surface.

5. The multi-friction damping anti-fall and shock-absorbing spherical bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wedge-shaped damping device (6) is anchored to the lower support plate (7) by bolts (18). The angle of the wedge-shaped damping device (6) can be adjusted according to the damping requirements, and the inner surface of the wedge-shaped damping device (6) is provided with a high-friction material layer.

6. The multi-friction damping anti-fall and shock-absorbing spherical bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spherical surface of the crown liner (3) is polished and chrome-plated or covered with mirror stainless steel. The upper surface of the flat slide plate (2) is coated with silicone grease. The flat slide plate (2) forms a low-friction sliding surface with the flat stainless steel slide plate (14) through the silicone grease.

7. The multi-friction damping anti-fall and shock-absorbing spherical bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-friction sliding component (8) is made of metal or polymer material.

8. The multi-friction damping anti-fall and shock-absorbing spherical bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Anchor holes are provided at the four corners of the upper support plate (1) and the lower support plate (7). The sleeve (4) is threadedly connected to the anchor rod (5) and is anchored to the upper support plate (1) and the lower support plate (7) by anchor bolts (12).

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