Optical waveguide optical-mechanical system and near-to-eye display equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of optics, and provides an optical waveguide optical-mechanical system and a near-to-eye display device, and the optical waveguide optical-mechanical system comprises an image source; the first lens is arranged on the light emitting side of the image source, the first object side surface of the first lens is a concave surface, and the first image side surface is a convex surface; the second lens is arranged on the image side of the first lens, the second object side surface of the second lens is a concave surface, and the second image side surface is a convex surface; the third lens is arranged on the image side of the second lens, the third object side surface of the third lens is a concave surface, and the third image side surface is a convex surface; the fourth lens is arranged on the image side of the third lens, the fourth object side surface of the fourth lens is a convex surface, and the fourth image side surface is a concave surface; the fifth lens is arranged on the image side of the fourth lens, the fifth object side surface of the fifth lens is a concave surface, and the fifth image side surface of the fifth lens is a convex surface; wherein the fifth image side surface of the fifth lens is an even-order aspheric surface, and the other lens surfaces are spherical surfaces. According to the invention, high-performance imaging is realized, and the complexity and the production cost of the system are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical technology, and more specifically, to an optical waveguide optical engine system and a near-eye display device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, with the rapid development of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies, near-eye display devices are placing higher demands on the performance, size, and cost of optical imaging modules. The waveguide optical engine system, as the core optical engine of such devices, collimates and modulates the image beam emitted from a miniature image source and efficiently couples it into the waveguide before projecting it onto the human eye. Currently, most mainstream waveguide optical engine systems employ complex structures containing multiple lenses to correct various aberrations and improve image quality. However, such designs generally suffer from the following prominent problems: Firstly, to obtain a sufficiently large field of view and good image quality, the system often requires six or even more lenses, resulting in a longer overall optical length, increased overall size and weight, which is detrimental to the miniaturization and weight reduction of the device. Secondly, to better control aberrations such as spherical aberration and distortion, multiple aspherical lenses are often introduced in the design. Compared to conventional spherical lenses, aspherical lenses require high-precision molds for processing, resulting in complex manufacturing processes and high costs. This significantly increases the overall manufacturing cost of the waveguide optical engine system, hindering the widespread adoption of related consumer electronics products. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a waveguide optical system solution that can minimize the number of lenses and strictly control the number of aspherical surfaces used, while ensuring excellent imaging quality and a large field of view, thereby achieving system miniaturization and low cost. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application aims to at least address the technical problems in the related technologies, such as the use of a large number of lenses in existing optical waveguide optical systems, which leads to a longer total optical length, increased overall size and weight, and the frequent introduction of multiple aspherical lenses in the design. Aspherical lenses, compared to conventional spherical lenses, rely on high-precision molds for processing, resulting in complex manufacturing processes and high costs.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application is implemented as follows: In a first aspect, this application provides an optical waveguide optical system, comprising: an image source; a first lens disposed on the light-emitting side of the image source, wherein the first object-side surface of the first lens is concave and the first image-side surface is convex; a second lens disposed on the image-side of the first lens, wherein the second object-side surface of the second lens is concave and the second image-side surface is convex; a third lens disposed on the image-side of the second lens, wherein the third object-side surface of the third lens is concave and the third image-side surface is convex; a fourth lens disposed on the image-side of the third lens, wherein the fourth object-side surface of the fourth lens is convex and the fourth image-side surface is concave; and a fifth lens disposed on the image-side of the fourth lens, wherein the fifth object-side surface of the fifth lens is concave and the fifth image-side surface is convex; wherein the first, second, third, and fourth lenses are all spherical lenses, the fifth image-side surface of the fifth lens is an even-order aspherical surface, and the remaining lens surfaces are all spherical.

[0005] This application provides an optical waveguide optical system that achieves high-performance imaging while significantly reducing system complexity and production costs through a five-lens combination and a simplified aspherical application scheme. In terms of optical structure design, the system sequentially arranges five lenses with specific surface shapes—concave-convex, concave-convex, concave-convex, convex-concave, and concave-convex—along the optical axis, employing an alternating distribution of optical power in a "positive-negative-positive-negative-positive" pattern. This combination effectively corrects spherical aberration, field curvature, and distortion, ensuring high-resolution and low-distortion imaging quality across a wide wavelength range of 486nm to 656nm. Regarding cost control and process simplification, the core improvement of this system lies in the fact that all surfaces of the first to fourth lenses, as well as the object-side surface of the fifth lens, are made of easily machinable ordinary spherical surfaces, with only the image-side surface of the fifth lens designed as an even-order aspherical surface. The aim is to minimize the number of expensive aspherical surfaces required for machining, significantly reducing mold costs and manufacturing difficulty while ensuring sufficient aberration correction. Furthermore, by optimizing parameters such as focal length, refractive index, and Abbe number of each lens, and constraining the ratio of the total system length to the maximum aperture, a field of view of approximately 41° was achieved while effectively controlling the total optical length to within approximately 30mm, thus achieving the miniaturization design goal. This waveguide optical engine system features a simplified structure, excellent image quality, and significant cost advantages, making it particularly suitable for consumer-grade near-eye display devices that are sensitive to size, weight, and cost.

[0006] Secondly, this application proposes a near-eye display device, including an optical waveguide optical engine system as described above; an optical waveguide, the coupling region of which is located on the light-emitting side of the optical waveguide optical engine system; wherein the optical waveguide optical engine system is used to modulate the light emitted from the image source into a parallel beam and couple it into the optical waveguide.

[0007] The near-eye display device provided in this application includes the optical waveguide optical engine system as described above, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the optical waveguide optical engine system, which will not be repeated here.

[0008] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent in the following description or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0009] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical waveguide optical machine system according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a diagram of the optical transfer function of an optical waveguide optical machine system according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is an optical dot diagram of an optical waveguide optical system according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is an optical field curvature and distortion diagram of an optical waveguide optical engine system according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a near-eye display device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the optical transfer function of a near-eye display device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is an optical dot diagram of a near-eye display device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0010] in, Figures 1 to 7 The correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in the attached drawings is as follows: 100 Optical waveguide optical engine system, 101 Optical waveguide, 102 Human eye, 1 First lens, 11 First object side, 12 First image side, 2 Second lens, 21 Second object side, 22 Second image side, 3 Third lens, 31 Third object side, 32 Third image side, 4 Fourth lens, 41 Fourth object side, 42 Fourth image side, 5 Fifth lens, 51 Fifth object side, 52 Fifth image side, 6 Image source, 200 Near-eye display device. Detailed Implementation

[0011] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0012] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application. However, this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0013] The following reference Figures 1 to 7This application describes an optical waveguide optical engine system 100 and a near-eye display device 200 provided according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0014] According to the first aspect of this application, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides an optical waveguide optical system 100, comprising: an image source 6; a first lens 1 disposed on the light-emitting side of the image source 6, wherein the first object-side surface 11 of the first lens 1 is concave and the first image-side surface 12 is convex; a second lens 2 disposed on the image side of the first lens 1, wherein the second object-side surface 21 of the second lens 2 is concave and the second image-side surface 22 is convex; a third lens 3 disposed on the image side of the second lens 2, wherein the third object-side surface 31 of the third lens 3 is concave and the third image-side surface 32 is convex; a fourth lens 4 disposed on the image side of the third lens 3, wherein the fourth object-side surface 41 of the fourth lens 4 is convex and the fourth image-side surface 42 is concave; and a fifth lens 5 disposed on the image side of the fourth lens 4, wherein the fifth object-side surface 51 of the fifth lens 5 is concave and the fifth image-side surface 52 is convex; wherein the first lens 1, the second lens 2, the third lens 3 and the fourth lens 4 are all spherical lenses, the fifth image-side surface 52 of the fifth lens 5 is an even-order aspherical surface, and the remaining lens surfaces are all spherical.

[0015] Specifically, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the optical waveguide optical system 100 provided in the embodiments of this application includes an image source 6, a first lens 1, a second lens 2, a third lens 3, a fourth lens 4, and a fifth lens 5. The first lens 1 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the image source 6, with its first object-side surface 11 being concave and its first image-side surface 12 being convex. The second lens 2 is disposed on the image-side of the first lens 1, with its second object-side surface 21 being concave and its second image-side surface 22 being convex. The third lens 3 is disposed on the image-side of the second lens 2, with its third object-side surface 31 being concave and its third image-side surface 32 being convex. The fourth lens 4 is disposed on the image-side of the third lens 3, with its fourth object-side surface 41 being convex and its fourth image-side surface 42 being concave. The fifth lens 5 is disposed on the image-side of the fourth lens 4, with its fifth object-side surface 51 being concave and its fifth image-side surface 52 being convex. Among them, the first lens 1, the second lens 2, the third lens 3 and the fourth lens 4 are all spherical lenses, the fifth image side 52 of the fifth lens 5 is an even-order aspherical surface, and the remaining lens surfaces are all spherical.

[0016] In this way, by adopting a specific combination of surface profiles in the order of "concave-convex, concave-convex, concave-convex, convex-concave, concave-convex", and designing that only the fifth image side 52 of the fifth lens 5 uses an even-order aspherical surface, and all other optical surfaces are standard spherical surfaces, an optical architecture with a reasonable optical power distribution and strong aberration correction ability is designed. This specific combination can work effectively in cooperation, gently deflect and modulate the large-angle light rays from the image source 6. While significantly converging the light beam and compressing the total length of the system, it better balances spherical aberration, field curvature and distortion. On the premise of ensuring good imaging quality of the system, it minimizes the number of aspherical surfaces with high processing difficulty and high cost, thus simultaneously achieving miniaturization, light weight of the optical system and a significant reduction in production cost.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the optical waveguide opto-mechanical system 100 provided in this application are as follows: First, the number of aspherical surfaces is minimized, significantly reducing the processing cost. By controlling the number of expensive aspherical optical surfaces to only one, that is, the image side of the fifth lens 5, and all other lens surfaces are ordinary spherical surfaces that are easy to manufacture on a large scale, the mold development cost and the difficulty of precision processing are greatly reduced, solving the core problem of high production cost caused by using multiple aspherical surfaces in the existing design. Second, a specific surface profile and optical power combination achieve excellent image quality. By adopting a specific surface profile order of "concave-convex, concave-convex, concave-convex, convex-concave, concave-convex" and combining with an alternating distribution of optical power of "positive-negative-positive-negative-positive", this optical architecture can effectively correct spherical aberration, field curvature and distortion, so as to obtain clear imaging with high resolution and low distortion in the full field of view and wide wavelength band range, ensuring the core optical performance of the system. Third, the system structure is compact, which is conducive to miniaturization and integration. Through the optimized combination of focal length and material parameters, and the lens arrangement design with gradually increasing aperture, while achieving a field angle of about 41°, the total optical length of the system can be effectively controlled within about 30 mm, and it meets the compact ratio of 1<TTL / D<2, which is conducive to the miniaturization and light weight design of the overall opto-mechanical module. Fourth, the application advantages are prominent, enhancing the competitiveness of terminal products. On the premise of ensuring high-performance imaging, the optical waveguide opto-mechanical system 100 simultaneously achieves double optimization of cost and volume, making it particularly suitable for near-eye display devices 200 such as consumer-grade augmented reality and virtual reality that are extremely sensitive to volume, weight and cost, helping to enhance the market competitiveness of terminal products.

[0018] Specifically, as near-eye display devices evolve towards higher imaging quality, lighter weight, and lower cost, the contradiction between optical performance and structural design in existing waveguide optical systems is becoming increasingly prominent. Current waveguide optical systems are typically complex in structure, employing a large number of lenses, including multiple aspherical lenses. Aspherical lenses, compared to ordinary spherical lenses, present significantly increased manufacturing difficulties and costs, leading to larger size and higher cost for waveguide optical systems. Therefore, while ensuring imaging quality, a simplified and low-cost waveguide optical system is needed to address these issues.

[0019] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, this application provides an optical waveguide optical engine system 100, which mainly solves the technical problems of existing optical waveguide optical engine systems having complex structures and too many aspherical surfaces, resulting in large size and high cost of near-eye display devices. Specifically, the optical waveguide optical engine system 100 provided by this application significantly reduces the complexity and production cost of the system while achieving high-performance imaging through a five-lens combination and a simplified aspherical surface usage scheme. In terms of optical structure design, the system sequentially arranges five lenses with specific surface shapes along the optical axis: concave-convex, concave-convex, concave-convex, convex-concave, and concave-convex, and adopts an alternating distribution of optical power in a "positive-negative-positive-negative-positive" pattern. This combination effectively corrects spherical aberration, field curvature, and distortion, ensuring high resolution and low distortion imaging quality in a wide wavelength range of 486nm to 656nm. In terms of cost control and process simplification, the core improvement of this system lies in the fact that all surfaces of the first lens 1 to the fourth lens 4, as well as the object-side surface of the fifth lens 5, are made of easily machinable ordinary spherical surfaces, while only the image-side surface of the fifth lens 5 is designed as an even-order aspherical surface. The aim is to minimize the number of expensive aspherical surfaces, significantly reducing mold costs and processing difficulty while ensuring sufficient aberration correction. Furthermore, by optimizing parameters such as focal length, refractive index, and Abbe number of each lens, and constraining the ratio of the total system length to the maximum aperture, a field of view of approximately 41° is achieved while effectively controlling the total optical length to within approximately 30mm, thus achieving the miniaturization design goal. This waveguide optical engine system 100 features a simplified structure, excellent image quality, and significant cost advantages, making it particularly suitable for consumer-grade near-eye display devices 200 that are sensitive to size, weight, and cost.

[0020] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first lens 1, the third lens 3, and the fifth lens 5 have positive optical power; the second lens 2 and the fourth lens 4 have negative optical power.

[0021] Specifically, such as Figure 1As shown, the system adopts an optical power alternating distribution scheme of "positive - negative - positive - negative - positive". Among them, the first lens 1, the third lens 3, and the fifth lens 5 with positive optical power are mainly responsible for converging light rays and承担 the main optical power of the system; while the second lens 2 and the fourth lens 4 with negative optical power mainly play the role of diverging light rays and correcting aberrations. This positive - negative alternating layout enables the negative spherical aberration generated by the positive lens to cancel out the positive spherical aberration generated by the negative lens, and at the same time is conducive to balancing the optical paths of light rays with different fields of view and wavelengths, thereby effectively controlling the spherical aberration, chromatic aberration, and field curvature of the system at the underlying optical architecture. This design ensures that light rays can be smoothly and controllably transmitted and transformed among the limited five lenses.

[0022] In some embodiments, optionally, as Figure 1 shown, the apertures of the first lens 1, the second lens 2, the third lens 3, the fourth lens 4, and the fifth lens 5 increase in sequence.

[0023] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the clear apertures of the five lenses in this system increase in sequence from the image source 6 side to the light - emitting side, forming an approximately trapezoidal optical path structure with a front - end convergence and a rear - end expansion. This design enables the light beam to expand smoothly and orderly during propagation, effectively avoiding the vignetting phenomenon caused by insufficient aperture of the rear lens and ensuring the passing rate of light rays in the full field of view. From the perspective of mechanical structure and assembly, the layout with increasing aperture facilitates packaging with an integrated lens barrel. Each lens can achieve axial positioning and radial support by relying on the step difference of its outer diameter, which not only simplifies the assembly process but also significantly reduces the cumulative coaxiality tolerance during the assembly of multiple lenses, improving the structural stability and production yield of the system.

[0024] In some embodiments, optionally, as Figure 1 shown, the focal length f1 of the first lens 1 satisfies: 28mm < f1 < 29mm; the focal length f2 of the second lens 2 satisfies: - 15mm < f2 < - 14mm; the focal length f3 of the third lens 3 satisfies: 24mm < f3 < 25mm; the focal length f4 of the fourth lens 4 satisfies: - 725mm < f4 < - 690mm; the focal length f5 of the fifth lens 5 satisfies: 31mm < f5 < 32mm.

[0025] Specifically, as Figure 1As shown, the focal lengths of each lens are configured within the aforementioned range. The short-to-medium positive focal lengths of the first lens 1 and the third lens 3 provide the core light-gathering capability of the system and help control the overall length; the relatively short negative focal length of the second lens 2 effectively generates dispersion to correct chromatic aberration and forms a good optical power match with the first lens 1; specifically, the fourth lens 4 is configured as a weak negative lens with a very large negative focal length, and its main function is not to significantly diverge light, but to perform fine aberration balancing and image plane flattening fine-tuning on the beam after passing through the front lens group; the positive focal length of the fifth lens 5 is used to complete the final convergence of light and the correction of residual aberrations. This entire set of precisely matched focal lengths ensures that the optical power contribution of each lens is optimally distributed, enabling the system to efficiently correct axial and transverse chromatic aberration, spherical aberration, and field curvature while achieving optical performance of approximately 21mm system focal length and 41° field of view. Thus, even with a simplified architecture using only one aspherical surface, it still achieves high-quality parallel light output with clear full field of view and controllable distortion.

[0026] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the refractive index of the first lens 1 is Nd1≥1.9 and the Abbe number is Vd1≥30; the refractive index of the second lens 2 is Nd2≥1.9 and the Abbe number is Vd2≤20; the refractive index of the third lens 3 is Nd3≥1.8 and the Abbe number is Vd3≥35; the refractive index of the fourth lens 4 is Nd4≥1.8 and the Abbe number is Vd4≤25; and the refractive index of the fifth lens 5 is Nd5≥1.7 and the Abbe number is Vd5≥50.

[0027] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the refractive index and Abbe number of each lens are systematically matched. The first lens 1 and the second lens 2 at the front end use high-refractive-index materials, enabling large-angle deflection of light within a limited curvature, effectively compressing the total optical length and laying the foundation for system miniaturization. Simultaneously, the first lens 1 uses a higher Abbe number material to reduce dispersion, while the second lens 2 uses a lower Abbe number material to introduce controllable dispersion. The combination of these two features creates conditions for subsequent chromatic aberration correction. The third lens 3 and the fourth lens 4 use medium-refractive-index materials. While balancing the system's optical power, their complementary high and low Abbe numbers further correct axial and transverse chromatic aberration. The fifth lens 5 at the end uses a higher Abbe number material, contributing to the final purification of chromatic aberration. Its relatively lower refractive index allows light to transition smoothly to the image plane, reducing higher-order aberrations. This parameter combination, working synergistically with the aforementioned optical power and surface design, provides the system with comprehensive aberration correction capabilities from chromatic aberration and spherical aberration to astigmatism without relying on excessive aspherical surfaces.

[0028] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 1As shown, the ratio of the total optical length TTL of the optical waveguide optical engine system 100 to the maximum aperture D of the lens in the optical waveguide optical engine system 100 satisfies: 1 < TTL / D < 2.

[0029] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, this system limits the ratio of the total optical length to the maximum aperture of the lens to between 1 and 2. A ratio greater than 1 ensures that the optical structure has the necessary longitudinal space, allowing light to undergo sufficient and smooth refraction, aberration correction, and beam shaping among the five lenses, avoiding sacrificing image quality due to excessive length compression. A ratio less than 2 limits the longitudinal extension of the system, preventing it from becoming elongated, thus ensuring the compactness of the overall structure. This proportional relationship enforces an optimal balance between optical performance and physical volume at the system level, enabling the optical waveguide optical engine system 100 to provide sufficient aberration correction capability and good imaging performance while maintaining a compact and efficient external structure, which is beneficial for integration into near-eye display devices 200 with space constraints.

[0030] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, image source 6 is an OLED or Micro-LED display device.

[0031] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, these self-emissive microdisplay devices, meaning the display devices themselves possess the self-emissive characteristic of pixels, eliminating the need for an additional backlight module. Therefore, while achieving high brightness, high contrast, and fast response speed, they naturally possess advantages such as a thin physical structure, small pixel size, and high integrability. Using this as the light source of the optical waveguide optical engine system 100 means that the system processes beams of light emitted directly from a micrometer-scale pixel array with a large initial divergence angle. Therefore, the front lenses of this optical system, especially the first lens 1 and the second lens 2, designed with high refractive index materials, can effectively collect and control such large-angle emitted light. On the one hand, the high brightness characteristics of the self-emissive devices provide a source guarantee for the final brightness reaching the eye after multiple losses through the optical system and the optical waveguide 101; on the other hand, their miniaturized physical form is highly compatible with the overall compact design goal of the system, together forming a small, high-efficiency micro-projection engine suitable for head-mounted devices.

[0032] Specifically, the image source 6 can be an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) or a micro light-emitting diode (MicroLED), with the higher brightness of the MicroLED preferred in specific applications.

[0033] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 1As shown, the first lens 1, the second lens 2, the third lens 3, the fourth lens 4, and the fifth lens 5 are all glass lenses.

[0034] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, all surfaces of the first lens 1, the second lens 2, the third lens 3, and the fourth lens 4, as well as the object side of the fifth lens 5, are made of a combination of easily processed all-glass spherical lenses. Only the image side of the fifth lens 5 is designed as an even-order aspherical surface. This design achieves the goals of high performance, high stability, and controllable cost while prioritizing the optical performance, environmental reliability, and long-term durability of the system.

[0035] In specific applications, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown in Table 1 below, an example of the surface parameters of each lens in the optical waveguide optical system 100 provided in this application embodiment can be illustrated by the following table: (Table 1)

[0036] The aspherical conic coefficients and aspherical coefficients of each order of the fifth image side surface of the fifth lens in Table 1 are shown in Table 2: (Table 2)

[0037] Based on the parameters shown in Tables 1 and 2 above, the main parameters of the optical waveguide optical engine system 100 provided in this application embodiment include: focal length F is 21mm; field of view (FOV) is 41°; entrance pupil diameter is 5mm; total length (TTL) is 30mm; pixel size is 12um; and operating wavelength is 486nm~656nm.

[0038] Figures 2 to 4 Imaging quality of the optical waveguide optical system 100: Figure 2 The optical transfer function (MTF) of the optical waveguide optical system 100 is shown in the figure. It can be seen that the MTF is ≥0.4@30lp / mm across the entire field of view, indicating good imaging quality.

[0039] Figure 3 The optical dot plot of the optical waveguide optical system 100 shows that the RMS of the diffuse spots across the entire field of view is less than 9 μm, which is within one pixel size, indicating good imaging quality.

[0040] Figure 4The optical field curvature and distortion diagram of the optical waveguide optical engine system 100 are obtained. By constraining the field curvature and distortion during optimization, the system's optical field curvature is small, the maximum optical distortion is less than 1.8%, and the distortion curve is relatively smooth without inflection points. Therefore, the imaging will not exhibit "beard distortion" phenomenon, ensuring image quality. In summary, the optical waveguide optical engine system 100 of this application consists of an image source 6 and five lenses. Through the reasonable allocation of the refractive index and optical power of each lens, the system can minimize its size while ensuring image quality. In addition, only the fifth image side 52 of the fifth lens 5 is aspherical, avoiding the problem of excessive cost caused by too many aspherical surfaces. This effectively solves the problem of complex design and high cost caused by excessive aspherical surfaces in current optical waveguide optical engines.

[0041] According to the second aspect of this application, such as Figure 5 As shown, this application proposes a near-eye display device 200, including an optical waveguide optical engine system 100 as described in the above embodiment; an optical waveguide 101, the coupling region of which is disposed on the light-emitting side of the optical waveguide optical engine system 100; wherein, the optical waveguide optical engine system 100 is used to modulate the light emitted by the image source 6 into a parallel beam and couple it into the optical waveguide 101.

[0042] like Figure 5 As shown, the near-eye display device 200 provided in this application includes an optical waveguide optomechanical system 100 and an optical waveguide 101. The coupling region of the optical waveguide 101 is located on the light-emitting side of the optical waveguide optomechanical system 100. The optical waveguide optomechanical system 100 is used to modulate the light emitted from the image source 6 into a parallel beam and couple it into the optical waveguide 101. Specifically, the optical waveguide optomechanical system 100 precisely modulates the divergent light emitted from the image source 6 into parallel beams corresponding to each field of view. After the parallel beams enter the coupling region of the optical waveguide 101, they can be transmitted over long distances with low loss through total internal reflection inside the waveguide without changing their angular information. Finally, the beams are released in the coupling region of the waveguide and received by the human eye 102, converging to form an image on the retina of the human eye 102. By combining parallel light input with waveguide transmission, the exit pupil distance of the virtual image is extended to the range of comfortable observation for the human eye 102. At the same time, it allows the large optical engine module to be placed on the temple or side of the device, thus achieving an extremely thin and transparent front of the device.

[0043] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 5 As shown, optical waveguide 101 is an arrayed optical waveguide, and its length corresponds to the equivalent propagation distance of a parallel beam within the waveguide.

[0044] Specifically, such as Figure 5As shown, an arrayed optical waveguide typically consists of a set of precisely positioned partial reflective surfaces. When a parallel beam carrying different field-of-view information, modulated by the optical waveguide optomechanical system 100, enters the waveguide from the coupling region, the beam undergoes multiple total internal reflections between the two surfaces of the waveguide. At each reflection reaching a specific partial reflective surface, a small portion of the energy is coupled out, while the majority of the energy continues to propagate forward, thus replicating and extending multiple exit pupils along the longitudinal direction of the waveguide. Therefore, the physical length of the waveguide determines the number of total internal reflections the beam can undergo within the waveguide and the final size of the extended eyebox in the exit direction. This length must match the exit pupil distance, eyebox size, and other parameters designed in the system to ensure that the extended exit beam can cover the dynamic range of the pupil of the human eye 102. The arrayed optical waveguide of this application works in conjunction with the optical waveguide optomechanical system 100 to transmit the image from the miniature image source 6 to the human eye 102 in a low-loss, large-eyebox, and uniform brightness manner.

[0045] In specific applications, embodiments of this application also provide a near-eye display device 200, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the system includes an optical waveguide 101 and an optical waveguide-optical-mechanical system 100. The coupling region of the optical waveguide 101 is located on the light-emitting side of the optical waveguide-optical-mechanical system 100. The optical waveguide 101 receives the parallel light beam emitted from the optical waveguide-optical-mechanical system 100 and transmits the beam to the human eye 102 for near-eye display. The optical waveguide 101 can be an arrayed optical waveguide. After the optical waveguide-optical-mechanical system 100 modulates the light from the image source 6 into a parallel beam, it couples it into the optical waveguide 101. At this time, the optical waveguide 101 does not participate in the convergence or divergence of the parallel beam. After transmission through the optical waveguide 101, it remains a parallel beam with the same field of view. Finally, the parallel beam is coupled out to the human eye 102. The length of the optical waveguide 101 is the equivalent distance of the parallel beam propagating within the optical waveguide, and the distance from the optical waveguide 101 to the human eye 102 is the actual distance from the coupling out of the optical waveguide to the human eye.

[0046] At a spatial frequency of 30 lp / mm, the MTF of the optical system needs to be higher than 0.1 to ensure that the human eye can clearly distinguish image details. Figure 6 The optical transfer function (OTF) diagram of the near-eye display device shows that the MTF (Mean Transmission Function) across the entire field of view is ≥0.3@30lp / mm. Therefore, this near-eye display device 200 meets the requirements for human eye resolution. Furthermore, Figure 7 The optical dot plot of the near-eye display device 200 shows that the RMS of the diffuse spots across the entire field of view is less than 12 μm, which is within one pixel size. In summary, the near-eye display device 200 provided in this embodiment, by employing the optical waveguide optical engine system 100, has the advantages of small size and low cost while ensuring imaging quality.

[0047] In the description of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more. Unless otherwise expressly defined, the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. The terms "connection," "installation," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0048] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0049] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An optical waveguide optical machine system, characterized in that, include: Image source; A first lens is disposed on the light-emitting side of the image source, wherein the first object-side surface of the first lens is concave and the first image-side surface is convex. The second lens is disposed on the image side of the first lens. The second object side of the second lens is concave, and the second image side is convex. The third lens is disposed on the image side of the second lens. The third object side of the third lens is concave, and the third image side is convex. The fourth lens is disposed on the image side of the third lens, and the fourth object side of the fourth lens is convex and the fourth image side is concave. The fifth lens is disposed on the image side of the fourth lens, and the fifth object side of the fifth lens is concave and the fifth image side is convex. Among them, the first lens, the second lens, the third lens and the fourth lens are all spherical lenses, the fifth image side of the fifth lens is an even-order aspherical surface, and the remaining lens surfaces are all spherical.

2. The optical waveguide optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first lens, the third lens, and the fifth lens have positive optical power; The second lens and the fourth lens have negative optical power.

3. The optical waveguide optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The apertures of the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, and the fifth lens increase sequentially.

4. The optical waveguide optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The focal length f1 of the first lens satisfies: 28mm <f1<29mm; The focal length f2 of the second lens satisfies: -15mm <f2<-14mm; The focal length f3 of the third lens satisfies: 24mm <f3<25mm; The focal length f4 of the fourth lens satisfies: -725mm <f4<-690mm; The focal length f5 of the fifth lens satisfies: 31mm <f5<32mm。 5. The optical waveguide optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refractive index of the first lens is Nd1≥1.9, and the Abbe number is Vd1≥30; The refractive index of the second lens is Nd2 ≥ 1.9, and the Abbe number is Vd2 ≤ 20; The refractive index of the third lens is Nd3≥1.8, and the Abbe number is Vd3≥35; The refractive index of the fourth lens is Nd4≥1.8, and the Abbe number is Vd4≤25; The refractive index of the fifth lens is Nd5≥1.7, and the Abbe number is Vd5≥50.

6. The optical waveguide optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the total optical length (TTL) of the optical waveguide system to the maximum aperture (D) of the lens in the optical waveguide system satisfies: 1 < TTL / D < 2.

7. The optical waveguide optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The image source is an OLED or Micro-LED display device.

8. The optical waveguide optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, and the fifth lens are all glass lenses.

9. A near-eye display device, characterized in that, include: The optical waveguide optical system as described in any one of claims 1 to 8; An optical waveguide, the coupling region of which is located on the light-emitting side of the optical waveguide optomechanical system; The optical waveguide optomechanical system is used to modulate the light emitted from the image source into a parallel beam and couple it into the optical waveguide.

10. The near-eye display device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The optical waveguide is an arrayed optical waveguide, and its length corresponds to the equivalent propagation distance of a parallel beam within the waveguide.

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