Self-preloading dock entrance supporting system and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-preloading dock entrance supporting system and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of engineering supporting. According to the technical scheme, a steel pipe main support, a steel enclosing purlin and a latticed column form an assembly type frame structure, one end of the steel pipe main support is a fixed end, the other end of the steel pipe main support is a movable end, the movable end uses an intelligent pressurization node, and a sliding type support and an automatic prestress applying system are integrated. The sliding support achieves axial telescopic adjustment through a sliding guide rod and a limiting device, and the automatic prestress applying system comprises an intelligent control unit, a hydraulic module and a stress sensing system. The construction method comprises the steps of concrete support pouring, steel enclosing purlin and latticed column mounting, prefabricated support unit hoisting, prestress applying and monitoring, multi-layer support arrangement and the like. The temporary supporting device has the beneficial effects of being reasonable in structure, convenient to install, safe, efficient and suitable for temporary supporting in complex environments such as dry docks and foundation pits, and the construction efficiency and the structural safety are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of engineering support technology, specifically relating to a prefabricated self-preloaded dock support system and its construction method, which can be applied to the internal support construction of foundation pit projects such as dry docks. Background Technology

[0002] In dry dock excavation and water area foundation pit engineering, due to the complex hydrogeological environment and significant water pressure variations, high lateral earth pressure and unstable hydrodynamic effects are often present. To ensure the safety of foundation pit excavation and structural stability, temporary support structures are usually required to maintain the equilibrium of the pit walls and the overall structural rigidity. Especially in the dock area, due to its confined space, restricted passage, and highly integrated construction process, higher requirements are placed on the layout accuracy, load-bearing capacity, and ease of installation of the support system.

[0003] Existing support systems primarily consist of steel structures, assembled on-site using welding and other methods. This traditional approach not only involves long construction periods and high labor intensity but also suffers from low installation efficiency and poor component adaptability due to limitations imposed by on-site conditions. Furthermore, the extensive reliance on manual positioning and mechanical coordination during construction increases both costs and safety risks. More seriously, current support structures are often designed for single-use, making them difficult to recycle or reuse after dismantling. A large number of structural components become construction waste due to the lack of standardized interfaces and dismantling mechanisms, resulting in steel waste and resource loss, which contradicts current green building and sustainable development principles.

[0004] Furthermore, during the loading and use phases, traditional support systems rely heavily on manually operated hydraulic jacks to apply prestress. This method not only suffers from low adjustment precision and high labor intensity for construction workers, but also often lacks the ability to dynamically monitor the prestress state, making it prone to structural instability due to overloading or relaxation. In the event of sudden load changes or excessive support deformation, existing systems cannot promptly identify and warn of such anomalies, potentially leading to major safety accidents such as collapse and structural damage.

[0005] Therefore, in order to address the above problems, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of prefabricated dock support system and its construction method that features high structural modularity, rapid on-site assembly, disassembly and recycling, and intelligent prestress control and real-time monitoring functions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes a self-prestressed dock support system and its construction method, applicable to the internal support construction of deep foundation pits or dry docks. It features standardized structure, intelligent prestress control, and reusability, significantly improving construction efficiency and operational safety of the support system.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a self-preloaded dock support system, comprising supports, lattice columns, steel walers, and steel pipe main supports;

[0008] The support, serving as the main support structure for the dock entrance, applies and controls prestress through intelligent pressure-pressurizing nodes. The support includes concrete supports and steel supports. The two ends of the main steel pipe support are securely connected to the steel walers via column base devices, and the mid-span is supported by steel waler support brackets mounted on lattice columns. The dock entrance support system is a prefabricated assembly structure; the main steel pipe support, steel walers, and lattice columns are bolted together, allowing for multiple disassembly and reuse of components. The overall support system has a frame-like shape. The steel walers are arranged horizontally along the steel pipe pile wall and layer by layer according to the preset support height. The steel walers are used to connect adjacent steel pipe main supports laterally and also serve as support brackets for the steel pipe main supports on the lattice columns. The lattice columns are used for vertical connection and support, and their lower parts are combined with the cast-in-place piles in the foundation pit. Steel plate supports are arranged at the corners of the dock entrance. A railing is arranged on the top of the steel pipe pile wall. Multiple support units can be arranged in multiple layers, and the support units are connected to each other through steel walers and lattice columns to achieve overall deformation coordination. Preferably, the steel pipe main supports can be made of high-strength steel pipes with a diameter of 609mm and a wall thickness of 16mm.

[0009] The main steel pipe support is equipped with flanges at both ends, and the flanges of adjacent main steel pipe supports are connected by bolts; one end of the main steel pipe support is a fixed end, and the other end is a movable end, with the middle section configured using standard pipe sections; the intelligent pressurization node is connected to the movable end of the main steel pipe support by bolts.

[0010] The outer steel walers are arranged horizontally along the steel pipe pile wall. Triangular steel brackets are installed below the steel walers for support, and iron hooks are welded at intervals along the steel pipe pile wall above. The iron hooks are connected to the steel walers by turnbuckles. The steel walers, which serve as the main support for the steel pipes, are arranged layer by layer according to the preset support height and are fixed to the main support of the steel pipes by stiffening ribs.

[0011] The intelligent pressurization node includes a pair of sliding supports set on both sides of the main steel pipe support and an automatic prestressing system integrated in the middle. The intelligent pressurization node is covered with a protective steel plate.

[0012] The sliding support includes a steel plate shell, a limiting device, a sliding guide rod, and bolted connecting plates at both ends. The sliding support achieves axial expansion and contraction adjustment within the steel plate shell through the sliding guide rod and the limiting device. One end of the sliding support is connected to the main steel pipe support through the bolted connecting plate, and the bottom of the sliding guide rod at the other end is provided with stiffening ribs, which are connected to the steel waler through the bolted connecting plate, thus forming a sliding and lockable movable support mechanism.

[0013] The automatic prestressing system includes a hydraulic module consisting of an oil pump, a hydraulic tank, a hydraulic cylinder and a piston rod; an intelligent control unit integrating a PLC control unit, a data acquisition system and a data processing system; and a stress sensing system using a pressure sensor as the main body, which is used to apply prestress to the support according to design requirements and monitor the axial force in real time.

[0014] One end of the automatic prestressing system is connected to the main steel pipe support via a bolt connector, and the other end is connected to the steel waler via bolts to fix the pressure sensor to the bottom of the piston rod. The automatic prestressing system supports remote automatic application and adjustment of prestress, and has real-time axial force monitoring, over-limit alarm and automatic unloading functions, which can realize dynamic safety control during construction or operation.

[0015] To better achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention also provides a construction method for a self-preloading dock support system, specifically including the following steps:

[0016] S1: Concrete support pouring: Concrete support is poured at the designated elevation according to design requirements; an anchor system is installed at the bottom of the concrete support to ensure stable connection with the foundation; after curing to the design strength, it serves as the uppermost support point for the steel support installation.

[0017] S2: Steel waler and lattice column installation: Install steel walers at the specified elevation along the steel pipe pile wall; install lattice columns at the specified location in the foundation pit;

[0018] S3: Preparation and hoisting steps: Prefabricate the supports off-site, install sliding supports and automatic prestressing systems on the movable ends of the main steel pipe supports; hoist the prepared support units as a whole to the construction site and place them in the design position;

[0019] S4: Assembly and Prestressing Application Steps: After the support unit is in place, it is connected and fixed to the steel waler with bolts. The intermediate pipe section is erected on the lattice column and fixed by the steel waler support bracket to form an overall support frame. The automatic prestressing system installed at the end of the main steel pipe support is started to apply prestress gradually according to the design requirements. The axial force of the support unit is monitored in real time by the system's pressure sensor. The calculation formula for the applied prestress is as follows:

[0020] ;

[0021] in:

[0022] This refers to the actual applied prestress value;

[0023] The effective working stress of the main steel pipe support;

[0024] The effective cross-sectional area of ​​the main steel pipe support;

[0025] The elastic modulus of steel;

[0026] This refers to the effective length of the steel pipe support.

[0027] This refers to the deformation of the steel pipe support.

[0028] The soil deformation influence coefficient;

[0029] This represents the increment of lateral displacement of the soil.

[0030] Calculate the width for the retaining structure;

[0031] To support the horizontal spacing;

[0032] S5: Monitoring and Adjustment Steps: Remote automated prestress adjustment is implemented through the intelligent control unit. The formula for monitoring and adjusting the axial force of the main steel pipe support is as follows:

[0033] ;

[0034] in:

[0035] This is the prestress adjustment amount. Automatic prestressing is applied at 0. Automatic unloading of prestress;

[0036] The target prestress value for the steel pipe support design;

[0037] The actual axial force of the steel pipe support unit is monitored in real time by the pressure sensor;

[0038] The measured prestress loss value for the steel pipe support on site;

[0039] The coefficient of linear expansion of steel;

[0040] This represents the change in atmospheric ambient temperature.

[0041] when When the set threshold is exceeded, the PLC control unit triggers an over-limit alarm and executes automatic unloading;

[0042] S6: Multi-layer layout steps: Multi-layer support layout can be carried out according to construction needs. The above steps are repeated in sequence to complete the installation of each layer of support units, and the deformation of each layer of support is coordinated and consistent through mutual connection.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0044] (1) This invention adopts a prefabricated structure design. The steel pipe main support, steel walers and lattice columns are connected by high-strength bolts, which has good standardization and reusability, facilitates rapid on-site assembly and disassembly, and the components have a high degree of standardization, which can be used multiple times, significantly reducing material consumption and construction costs. The steel pipe main support structure adopts a configuration with one end fixed and the other end movable, and introduces sliding supports and central support seats, which not only enhances the coordination of force, but also improves the overall stability and engineering adaptability of the system. The frame layout supports the layout of multi-level support units, adapts to the temporary support needs of deep foundation pits and complex environments, and has good modular versatility and spatial coordination.

[0045] (2) This invention integrates an automatic prestressing system at the movable end of the supporting structure. The system includes an intelligent control unit, a hydraulic module, and a stress sensing system, enabling remote automated loading and real-time monitoring of axial force according to design requirements. It also features over-limit alarms and automatic stress unloading functions. This intelligent control mechanism significantly improves the accuracy and safety of prestress control, giving the supporting system dynamic response capabilities and effectively ensuring the stability of the structure during operation and the operational reliability during construction. Simultaneously, the accompanying standardized construction methods are clear and efficient, suitable for widespread application in large-scale projects, and contribute to improving overall construction efficiency and management level. Attached Figure Description

[0046] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0047] Figure 1 This is a plan view of the dock pit layout according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the main steel pipe support structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 3 This is a diagram of a sliding support structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the automatic prestressing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the steel waler according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the dock pit layout according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the mid-span node of the steel support in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic prestressing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] The attached diagrams are labeled as follows: 1. Steel pipe pile wall; 2. Support; 2-1. Concrete support; 2-2. Steel support; 3. Lattice column; 4. Steel plate brace; 5. Steel waler; 6. Sliding support; 7. Automatic prestressing system; 8. Bolt; 9. Main steel pipe support; 10. Flange; 11. Fixed end; 12. Iron hook; 13. Turnbuckle; 14. Triangular steel bracket; 15. Cast-in-place pile; 16. Railing; 17. Protective steel plate; 18. Stiffening rib; 19. Steel plate shell; 20. Limiting device; 21. Sliding guide rod; 22. Bolt connection plate; 23. Bolt connector; 24. Oil pump; 25. Hydraulic oil tank; 26. Intelligent control unit; 27. Hydraulic cylinder; 28. Piston rod; 29. ​​Pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] Example 1: This example provides a self-preloading dock support system, including a support 2, a lattice column 3, a steel waler 5, and a steel pipe main support 9; see also Figures 1 to 2 as well as Figure 8 Support 2 serves as the main support structure for the dock entrance, applying and controlling prestress through intelligent pressurization nodes; Support 2 includes concrete support 2-1 and steel support 2-2; see also Figure 6 The main steel pipe support 9 is securely connected to the steel walers 5 at both ends via column base devices. The mid-span is supported by steel walers 5 brackets mounted on the lattice columns 3. The dock support system is a prefabricated assembly structure. The main steel pipe support 9, steel walers 5, and lattice columns 3 are connected by bolts 8. Components can be disassembled and reused multiple times. The support system is arranged in a frame shape. The steel walers 5 are arranged horizontally along the steel pipe pile wall 1 and layer by layer according to the preset height of the supports 2. The steel walers 5 are used both to connect adjacent main steel pipe supports 9 laterally and as support brackets for the main steel pipe supports 9 on the lattice columns 3. The lattice columns 3 are used for vertical connection and support, and their lower parts are combined with the cast-in-place piles 15 in the foundation pit. See also... Figure 6 Steel plate bracing 4 is arranged at the corner of the dock entrance; railing 16 is arranged on the top of the steel pipe pile wall 1; multiple support units can be arranged in multiple layers, and the support units are connected by steel walers 5 and lattice columns 3 to achieve overall deformation coordination. Preferably, the main steel pipe support can be made of high-strength steel pipe with Φ609mm and a wall thickness of 16mm.

[0058] The main steel pipe support 9 is equipped with flanges 10 at both ends, and the flanges 10 of adjacent main steel pipe supports 9 are connected by bolts 8; one end of the main steel pipe support 9 is a fixed end 11, and the other end is a movable end, and the middle section is configured with standard pipe sections; the intelligent pressurization node is connected to the movable end of the main steel pipe support 9 by bolts 8.

[0059] The outer steel walers 5 are arranged horizontally along the steel pipe pile wall 1. Triangular steel supports 14 are installed below the steel walers 5 for support, and iron hooks 12 are welded at intervals along the steel pipe pile wall 1 above them. The iron hooks 12 are connected to the steel walers 5 by turnbuckles 13; see also Figure 5 The steel waler 5, which serves as the support bracket for the main steel pipe support 9, is laid out layer by layer according to the preset height of the support 2, and the main steel pipe support 9 is fixed by stiffening ribs 18.

[0060] The intelligent pressurization node includes a pair of sliding supports 6 set on both sides of the main steel pipe support 9 and an automatic prestressing system 7 integrated in the middle. The intelligent pressurization node is surrounded by a protective steel plate 17.

[0061] See Figure 3 as well as Figure 7 The sliding support 6 includes a steel plate shell 19, a limiting device 20, a sliding guide rod 21, and bolted connecting plates 22 at both ends. The sliding support 6 can achieve axial extension and retraction adjustment within the steel plate shell 19 through the sliding guide rod 21 and the limiting device 20. One end of the sliding support 6 is connected to the main steel pipe support 9 through the bolted connecting plate 22, and the bottom of the sliding guide rod 21 at the other end is provided with stiffening ribs 18, which are connected to the steel waler 5 through the bolted connecting plate 22, thus forming a sliding and lockable movable support mechanism.

[0062] See Figure 4 The automatic prestressing system 7 includes a hydraulic module consisting of an oil pump 24, a hydraulic oil tank 25, a hydraulic cylinder 27 and a piston rod 28, an intelligent control unit 26 integrating a PLC control unit, a data acquisition system and a data processing system, and a stress sensing system using a pressure sensor 29 as the main body, which is used to apply prestress to the support according to the design requirements and monitor the axial force in real time.

[0063] One end of the automatic prestressing system 7 is connected to the main steel pipe support 9 via bolt connector 23, and the other end is fixed to the bottom of the piston rod 28 via bolt 8 and connected to the steel waler 5. The automatic prestressing system 7 supports remote automatic application and adjustment of prestress, and has real-time axial force monitoring, over-limit alarm and automatic unloading functions, which can realize dynamic safety control during construction or operation.

[0064] The construction method based on the self-preloaded dock support system specifically includes the following steps:

[0065] S1: Concrete support pouring: Concrete support 2-1 is poured at the designated elevation according to design requirements; An anchor system is installed at the bottom of concrete support 2-1 to ensure stable connection with the foundation; After curing to the design strength, it serves as the uppermost support point for the installation of steel support 2-2.

[0066] S2: Installation of steel walers and lattice columns: Install steel walers 5 at the specified elevation along the steel pipe pile wall 1; install lattice columns 3 at the specified location in the foundation pit;

[0067] S3: Preparation and hoisting steps: Prefabricate the support 2 off-site, install the sliding support 6 and the automatic prestressing system 7 on the movable end of the main steel pipe support 9; hoist the prepared support unit as a whole to the construction site and place it in the design position;

[0068] S4: Assembly and Prestressing Application Steps: After the support unit is in place, it is connected and fixed to the steel waler 5 using bolts 8. The intermediate pipe section is erected on the lattice column 3 and fixed by the support bracket of the steel waler 5 to form an overall support frame. The automatic prestressing system 7 installed at the end of the main steel pipe support 9 is started to gradually apply prestress according to the design requirements. The axial force of the support unit is monitored in real time by the system's pressure sensor 29. The calculation formula for the applied prestress is as follows:

[0069] ;

[0070] in:

[0071] This refers to the actual applied prestress value;

[0072] The effective working stress of the main steel pipe support;

[0073] The effective cross-sectional area of ​​the main steel pipe support;

[0074] The elastic modulus of steel;

[0075] This refers to the effective length of the steel pipe support.

[0076] This refers to the deformation of the steel pipe support.

[0077] The soil deformation influence coefficient;

[0078] This represents the increment of lateral displacement of the soil.

[0079] Calculate the width for the retaining structure;

[0080] To support the horizontal spacing;

[0081] S5: Monitoring and Adjustment Steps: Remote automated prestress adjustment is implemented through the intelligent control unit (26). The axial force monitoring and adjustment formula for the main steel pipe support is as follows:

[0082] ;

[0083] in:

[0084] This is the prestress adjustment amount. Automatic prestressing is applied at 0. Automatic unloading of prestress;

[0085] The target prestress value for the steel pipe support design;

[0086] The actual axial force of the steel pipe support unit is monitored in real time by the pressure sensor;

[0087] The measured prestress loss value for the steel pipe support on site;

[0088] The coefficient of linear expansion of steel;

[0089] This represents the change in atmospheric ambient temperature.

[0090] when When the set threshold is exceeded, the PLC control unit triggers an over-limit alarm and executes automatic unloading;

[0091] S6: Multi-layer layout steps: Multi-layer support layout can be carried out according to construction needs. The above steps are repeated in sequence to complete the installation of each layer of support units, and the deformation of each layer of support is coordinated and consistent through mutual connection.

[0092] Example 2:

[0093] This invention uses the Nansha Pearl Bay Area Cross-River Tunnel Project (Phase I) as a specific example to further illustrate the structure and construction method of this invention.

[0094] The construction site of this dry dock project requires temporary supports to be installed on the south side of the dry dock to support the retaining structure. According to the present invention, the following support structure is designed and implemented: a cast-in-place concrete support (cap beam) with a cross-section of 1000mm × 1000mm is constructed on the upper part of the dry dock retaining structure, using C30 concrete. The top surface of the concrete support is at an elevation of +8.50m (relative to the site elevation), serving as the first layer of support.

[0095] Three steel supports (2-2) are installed sequentially below the concrete supports: the center elevation of the second support is +1.40m, the center elevation of the third support is -6.20m, and the center elevation of the fourth support is -11.00m (corresponding to the design elevations of the water surface and the ground on site). The main steel pipe support (9) of each steel support (2-2) is spliced ​​from steel pipe sections with a diameter of 609mm and a wall thickness of 16mm, and the ends are welded with prefabricated steel brackets. The steel walers are arranged circumferentially along the retaining wall using double-splitting 63A type I-beams. The waler sections are connected by bolts and the walers are connected to the brackets by bolts, and the gaps are filled with fine stone concrete to smooth the surface and ensure uniform stress distribution.

[0096] During installation, prefabricated steel brackets are first welded to the main reinforcement bars of the steel cage inside the diaphragm wall on the soil. Then, the entire steel pipe support is hoisted into place. After aligning the bracket support at the support end with the corresponding waler section, bolts are used for fastening. After the support is installed, fall protection wire ropes are installed, and the gaps between the bracket and the waler are filled with concrete or mortar. The installation of the second, third, and fourth steel supports is completed in sequence, forming a three-tiered support system with height-graded steel pipe supports.

[0097] After the supports are installed, the automatic prestressing system is activated, using hydraulic modules to apply prestress to the three steel supports (2-2). Each support is equipped with two 1000kN hydraulic modules, and the control system has a preset loading program to control the synchronous pumping of oil by each hydraulic module. The data acquisition system collects axial pressure data in real time, and the intelligent control unit adjusts the cylinder input based on feedback to ensure synchronous loading. During tensioning, axial force is applied in stages; for example, the fourth support is first brought to the design force value, and then the third and second supports are applied simultaneously until all supports reach the design prestress. After tensioning, all bracket pins and other connection nodes are checked again, and any loosening is reinforced in time. Finally, high-grade cement mortar is injected into all bracket gaps for sealing.

[0098] After installing the supports and applying prestress, dry dock construction begins. Once construction is complete, the supports can be dismantled step-by-step in a reverse loading / unloading sequence: first, water is injected in sections to lower the water level to approximately 0.5m below the bottom of the second support; then, the fourth steel pipe support is dismantled from bottom to top. Water is then pumped to 50cm above the bottom of the third support, at which point the third steel pipe support is dismantled. The water level is then raised to 50cm above the bottom of the second support, at which point the second steel pipe support is dismantled. Finally, when the water level rises to between +3.43m and +5.46m, the first concrete support and the capping beam are dismantled. During dismantling, jacks are used to gradually release the prestress of each support to zero, followed by manual removal of bolts and dismantling of the supports. All dismantled components are categorized and stacked according to their original numbers. After inspection, cleaning, and repair, they can be reused in subsequent projects.

[0099] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A self-preloaded dock support system, characterized in that: Includes supports (2), lattice columns (3), steel walers (5) and steel pipe main supports (9); The support (2) serves as the main support structure for the dock entrance, and prestress is applied and controlled through intelligent pressurization nodes; the support (2) includes a concrete support (2-1) and a steel support (2-2). The two ends of the main steel pipe support (9) are connected to the steel waler (5) through column foot devices. The middle part is supported by the steel waler (5) support bracket set on the lattice column (3). The main steel pipe support (9), the steel waler (5) and the lattice column (3) are connected by bolts (8). The support system is arranged in a frame shape. The steel walers (5) are arranged horizontally along the steel pipe pile wall (1) and are laid out layer by layer according to the preset height of the support (2). The steel walers (5) are used to connect the adjacent steel pipe main supports (9) laterally, and also serve as the support brackets for the steel pipe main supports (9) on the lattice column (3). The lattice column (3) is used for vertical connection and support, and its lower part is combined with the cast-in-place piles (15) in the foundation pit. Steel plate bracing (4) is arranged at the corner of the dock entrance; railings (16) are arranged on the top of the steel pipe pile wall (1); multiple supports (2) can be arranged in multiple layers, and each support (2) is connected by steel walers (5) and lattice columns (3).

2. The self-preloaded dock support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel pipe main support (9) is provided with flanges (10) at both ends, and the flanges (10) of adjacent steel pipe main supports (9) are connected by bolts (8); One end of the main steel pipe support (9) is a fixed end (11), and the other end is a movable end. The middle section is configured with standard pipe sections. The intelligent pressurization node is connected to the movable end of the main steel pipe support (9) by bolts (8).

3. The self-preloaded dock support system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steel walers (5) mentioned above are arranged horizontally along the steel pipe pile wall (1). Triangular steel brackets (14) are set below the steel walers (5) for support. Iron hooks (12) are welded at intervals along the steel pipe pile wall (1) above. The iron hooks (12) are connected to the steel walers (5) by turnbuckles (13). The steel walers (5) serving as the support brackets for the main steel pipe support (9) are arranged layer by layer according to the preset height of the support (2). The main steel pipe support (9) is fixed by stiffening ribs (18).

4. The self-preloaded dock support system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The intelligent pressurization node includes a pair of sliding supports (6) set on both sides of the main steel pipe support (9) and an automatic prestressing system (7) integrated in the middle. The intelligent pressurization node is covered with a protective steel plate (17).

5. The self-preloaded dock support system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sliding support (6) includes a steel plate shell (19), a limiting device (20), a sliding guide rod (21), and bolt connecting plates (22) at both ends. The sliding support (6) is axially telescopically adjustable within the steel plate shell (19) through the sliding guide rod (21) and the limiting device (20). One end of the sliding support (6) is connected to the main steel pipe support (9) through the bolt connecting plate (22), and the other end of the sliding guide rod (21) has stiffening ribs (18) arranged at the bottom, which are connected to the steel waler (5) through the bolt connecting plate (22) to form a movable support mechanism.

6. The self-preloaded dock support system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The automatic prestressing system (7) includes a hydraulic module consisting of an oil pump (24), a hydraulic oil tank (25), a hydraulic cylinder (27) and a piston rod (28), an intelligent control unit (26) integrating a PLC control unit, a data acquisition system and a data processing system, and a stress sensing system using a pressure sensor (29) as the main body; The automatic prestressing system (7) is connected to the main steel pipe support (9) at one end via a bolt connector (23), and the pressure sensor (29) is fixed to the bottom of the piston rod (28) via a bolt (8) at the other end and connected to the steel waler (5).

7. A construction method for the self-preloading dock support system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Concrete support pouring: According to the design requirements, concrete support (2-1) is poured at the specified elevation position; the bottom of the concrete support (2-1) is equipped with an anchor system and connected to the foundation; after curing to the design strength, it serves as the uppermost support point for the installation of steel support (2-2); S2: Installation of steel walers and lattice columns: Install steel walers (5) at the specified elevation along the steel pipe pile wall (1); install lattice columns (3) at the specified location in the foundation pit. S3: Preparation and hoisting steps: Prefabricate the support (2) off-site, install the sliding support (6) and the automatic prestressing system (7) on the movable end of the steel pipe main support (9); hoist the prepared support unit as a whole to the construction site and place it in the design position; S4: Assembly and Prestressing Steps: After the support unit is in place, the support unit is connected and fixed to the steel waler (5) by bolts (8). The intermediate pipe section is erected on the lattice column (3) and fixed by the support bracket of the steel waler (5) to form an overall support frame. The automatic prestressing system (7) installed at the end of the main steel pipe support (9) is started to gradually apply prestress according to the design requirements, and the axial force of the support unit is monitored in real time by the pressure sensor (29) of the system. The calculation formula for the applied prestress is as follows: ； in: This refers to the actual applied prestress value; The effective working stress of the main steel pipe support; The effective cross-sectional area of ​​the main steel pipe support; The elastic modulus of steel; This refers to the effective length of the steel pipe support. This refers to the deformation of the steel pipe support. The soil deformation influence coefficient; This represents the increment of lateral displacement of the soil. Calculate the width for the retaining structure; To support the horizontal spacing; S5: Monitoring and Adjustment Steps: Remote automated prestress adjustment is implemented through the intelligent control unit (26). The axial force monitoring and adjustment formula for the main steel pipe support (9) is as follows: ； in: This is the prestress adjustment amount. Automatic prestressing is applied at 0. Automatic unloading of prestress; The target prestress value for the steel pipe support design; The actual axial force of the steel pipe support unit is monitored in real time by the pressure sensor; The measured prestress loss value for the steel pipe support on site; The coefficient of linear expansion of steel; This represents the change in atmospheric ambient temperature. when When the set threshold is exceeded, the PLC control unit triggers an over-limit alarm and executes automatic unloading; S6: Multi-layer layout steps: Multi-layer support layout can be carried out according to construction needs. Repeat the above steps in sequence to complete the installation of each layer of support unit and connect them to each other.

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