Quality of experience reporting

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a solution for introducing an elevation angle to enhance a QoE mechanism for NTN. In particular, in some example embodiments, the terminal device determines whether to perform a QoE measurement or transmit a measurement report for the QoE measurement based on the angle information. In this way, unnecessary air interface resource waste can be avoided. Alternatively, in some other exemplary embodiments, the terminal device may list angle information in a measurement report. In this way, it is possible to help identify the cause of a poorer user experience and better optimize the NTN network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Various exemplary embodiments of this disclosure are generally related to the telecommunications field, and more particularly to methods, apparatus, devices, and computer-readable storage media for Quality of Experience (QoE) reporting. Background Technology

[0002] The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has initiated discussions regarding non-terrestrial networks (NTNs). For example, during 3GPP Releases 15 and 16, the feasibility of using the fifth-generation (5G) New Radio (NR) standard to support NTNs was studied. In NTN systems, 5G base stations (gNBs) or gNB functionality are deployed on airborne satellites or relayed by satellites in a transparent manner to provide communication coverage across very wide areas that cellular networks may not reach. Furthermore, Quality of Experience (QoE) is a measure of the overall level of customer satisfaction and experience with a product or service and the provider offering it. Therefore, enhancing support for QoE measurement collection in NTN systems warrants further investigation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In a first aspect of this disclosure, a first apparatus is provided. The first apparatus includes: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first apparatus to: receive experience quality measurement configuration and angle threshold information from a second apparatus; determine an elevation angle between the first apparatus and a non-ground device; and, based on the elevation angle and the angle threshold information, determine at least one of performing an experience quality measurement or transmitting a measurement report, the measurement report indicating data for the experience quality measurement, wherein the determined elevation angle corresponds to the experience quality measurement.

[0004] In a second aspect of this disclosure, an apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause a first device to: receive a measurement configuration of experience quality from a second device; perform an experience quality measurement based on the measurement configuration; determine an elevation angle between the first device and a non-ground device, wherein the determined elevation angle corresponds to the experience quality measurement; generate a measurement report including data of the experience quality measurement and the elevation angle; and transmit the measurement report to the second device.

[0005] In a third aspect of this disclosure, an apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause a second apparatus to: obtain angle threshold information for experience quality measurement; and transmit an experience quality measurement configuration and the angle threshold information for experience quality measurement to a first apparatus.

[0006] In a fourth aspect of this disclosure, an apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause a second apparatus to: transmit a measurement configuration of experience quality to a first apparatus; receive a measurement report from the first apparatus, the measurement report including an elevation angle between the first apparatus and a non-ground device and data of experience quality measurements, the experience quality measurement data being obtained based on the measurement configuration; and determine an elevation angle supporting experience quality based on the measurement report.

[0007] In a fifth aspect of this disclosure, a method is provided. The method includes: receiving experience quality measurement configuration and angle threshold information from a second device; determining an elevation angle between a first device and a non-ground device; and determining, based on the elevation angle and angle threshold information, at least one of performing an experience quality measurement or transmitting a measurement report indicating data for the experience quality measurement, wherein the determined elevation angle corresponds to the experience quality measurement.

[0008] In a sixth aspect of this disclosure, a method is provided. The method includes: receiving a measurement configuration of experience quality from a second device; performing an experience quality measurement based on the measurement configuration; determining an elevation angle between a first device and a non-ground device, wherein the determined elevation angle corresponds to the experience quality measurement; generating a measurement report including data of the experience quality measurement and the elevation angle; and transmitting the measurement report to the second device.

[0009] In a seventh aspect of this disclosure, a method is provided. The method includes: obtaining angle threshold information for measuring experience quality; and transmitting a measurement configuration for experience quality and the angle threshold information for measuring experience quality to a first device.

[0010] In an eighth aspect of this disclosure, a method is provided. The method includes: transmitting a measurement configuration of experience quality to a first device; receiving a measurement report from the first device, the measurement report including an elevation angle between the first device and a non-ground device and data on experience quality measurements obtained based on the measurement configuration; and determining an elevation angle supporting experience quality based on the measurement report.

[0011] In a ninth aspect of this disclosure, a first apparatus is provided. The first apparatus includes: components for receiving measurement configuration and angle threshold information of experience quality from a second apparatus; components for determining an elevation angle between the first apparatus and a non-ground device; and components for determining, based on the elevation angle and the angle threshold information, at least one of performing an experience quality measurement or transmitting a measurement report, the measurement report indicating data of the experience quality measurement, wherein the determined elevation angle corresponds to the experience quality measurement.

[0012] In a tenth aspect of this disclosure, a second apparatus is provided. The second apparatus includes: components for receiving a measurement configuration of experience quality from the second apparatus; components for performing an experience quality measurement based on the measurement configuration; components for determining an elevation angle between the first apparatus and a non-ground device, wherein the determined elevation angle corresponds to the experience quality measurement; components for generating a measurement report including data of the experience quality measurement and the elevation angle; and components for transmitting the measurement report to the second apparatus.

[0013] In the eleventh aspect of this disclosure, a third apparatus is provided. The third apparatus includes: components for obtaining angle threshold information for measuring experience quality; and components for transmitting a measurement configuration of experience quality and the angle threshold information for measuring experience quality to a first apparatus.

[0014] In a twelfth aspect of this disclosure, a fourth apparatus is provided. The fourth apparatus includes: components for transmitting a measurement configuration of experience quality to a first apparatus; components for receiving a measurement report from the first apparatus, the measurement report including an elevation angle between the first apparatus and a non-ground device and data on experience quality measurements obtained based on the measurement configuration; and components for determining an elevation angle supporting experience quality based on the measurement report.

[0015] In a thirteenth aspect of this disclosure, a computer-readable medium is provided. The computer-readable medium includes instructions stored thereon for causing a device to at least execute the method according to the fifth aspect.

[0016] In a fourteenth aspect of this disclosure, a computer-readable medium is provided. The computer-readable medium includes instructions stored thereon for causing a device to at least execute the method according to a sixth aspect.

[0017] In a fifteenth aspect of this disclosure, a computer-readable medium is provided. The computer-readable medium includes instructions stored thereon for causing a device to at least execute the method according to a seventh aspect.

[0018] In a sixteenth aspect of this disclosure, a computer-readable medium is provided. The computer-readable medium includes instructions stored thereon for causing a device to at least perform the method according to an eighth aspect.

[0019] It should be understood that the summary portion is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of this disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Other features of this disclosure will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Some exemplary embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1A and Figure 1BExample communication environments that can implement example embodiments of this disclosure are shown; Figure 2A and Figure 2B Signaling flows are shown, illustrating examples of QoE reports according to some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure; Figures 3A to 3C Schematic diagrams of measurement reports according to some example embodiments of this disclosure are shown respectively; Figure 4 A flowchart is shown illustrating a method implemented at a first device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating a method implemented at a second device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure is shown; Figure 6 A flowchart is shown illustrating a method implemented at a third device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 7 A flowchart is shown illustrating a method implemented at a fourth device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 8 A simplified block diagram of a device suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure is shown; and Figure 9 A block diagram of an example computer-readable medium according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0021] In all the accompanying drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The principles of this disclosure will now be described with reference to some exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are described for illustrative purposes only and to assist those skilled in the art in understanding and implementing this disclosure, without imposing any limitation on the scope of this disclosure. The embodiments described herein can be implemented in various ways other than those described below.

[0023] In the following description and claims, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0024] References to "an embodiment," "embodiment," "exemplary embodiment," etc., in this disclosure indicate that the described embodiment may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment needs to include that particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Moreover, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, whether explicitly described or not, it is considered that incorporating such a feature, structure, or characteristic into other embodiments is within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

[0025] It should be understood that although the terms “first,” “second,” etc., may be used before nouns herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one element from another, and they do not restrict the order of the nouns. For example, without departing from the scope of the exemplary embodiments, a first element may be referred to as a second element, and similarly, a second element may be referred to as a first element. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.

[0026] As used herein, “at least one of the following: a list of two or more elements” and “at least one of the following: a list of two or more elements” and similar wording (where the list of two or more elements is connected by “and” or “or”) means at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all of the elements.

[0027] As used herein, unless explicitly stated otherwise, performing the step “in response to A” does not mean that the step is performed immediately after “A” occurs, and may include one or more intermediate steps.

[0028] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that the terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” “possessing,” “including,” and / or “containing” as used herein specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components, etc., but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0029] As used in this application, the term "circuit system" may refer to one or more of the following: (a) Hardware circuit implementation only (such as implementation in analog and / or digital circuit systems only), and (b) A combination of hardware circuitry and software, such as (if applicable): (i) A combination of (multiple) analog and / or (multiple) digital hardware circuits and software / firmware, and (ii) Any part of a device (such as a mobile phone or server) that has software (including multiple digital signal processors), software, and multiple memories working together to enable the device to perform various functions, and (c) Multiple hardware circuits and / or multiple processors, such as multiple microprocessors or a portion thereof, that require software (e.g., firmware) to operate (but such software may not exist when it is not required to operate).

[0030] This definition of circuit system applies to all uses of the term in this application, including in any claim. As another example, as used herein, the term circuit system also covers implementations of only hardware circuitry or processors (or processors in general) or portions thereof and their accompanying software and / or firmware. For instance, if applicable to a particular claim element, the term circuit system also covers baseband integrated circuits or processor integrated circuits for mobile devices, or similar integrated circuits in servers, cellular network devices, or other computing or network devices.

[0031] As used herein, the term "communication network" refers to a network that conforms to any suitable communication standard, such as New Radio (NR), Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE Advanced (LTE-A), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), High-Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA), Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), etc. Furthermore, communication between terminal devices and network devices in a communication network can be performed according to any suitable generated communication protocol, including but not limited to first-generation (1G), second-generation (2G), 2.5G, 2.75G, third-generation (3G), fourth-generation (4G), 4.5G, fifth-generation (5G), sixth-generation (6G) communication protocols and / or any other currently known or future-developed protocols. Embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to a variety of communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will naturally be future types of communication technologies and systems that can be utilized to implement this disclosure. The scope of this disclosure should not be limited to the aforementioned systems only.

[0032] As used herein, the term "network device" refers to a node in a communications network through which terminal devices access the network and receive services. Network devices can refer to base stations (BS) or access points (APs), such as Node B (NodeB or NB), evolved Node B (eNodeB or eNB), NR NB (also known as gNB), Remote Radio Unit (RRU), Radio Header (RH), Remote Radio Header (RRH), relay node, Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) node, low-power node (such as femto, pico), non-terrestrial network (NTN) or non-terrestrial network equipment (such as satellite network equipment, low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites and geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) satellites), spacecraft network equipment, etc., depending on the terminology and technology applied. In some exemplary embodiments, the Radio Access Network (RAN) segmentation architecture includes a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU) at the IAB host node. An IAB node includes a mobile terminal (IAB-MT) portion that behaves like a UE toward its parent node, and a DU portion that behaves like a base station toward the next-hop IAB node.

[0033] The term "terminal device" refers to any terminal device capable of wireless communication. As an example and not a limitation, a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, user equipment (UE), user station (SS), portable user station, mobile station (MS), or access terminal (AT). Terminal devices can include, but are not limited to, mobile phones, cellular phones, smartphones, Voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wireless local loop phones, tablets, wearable terminal devices, personal digital assistants (PDAs), portable computers, desktop computers, image capture terminal devices (such as digital cameras), gaming terminal devices, music storage and playback devices, in-vehicle wireless terminal devices, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, laptop embedded devices (LEEs), laptop devices (LMEs), USB dongles, smart devices, wireless client equipment (CPEs), Internet of Things (IoT) devices, watches or other wearable devices, head-mounted displays (HMDs), vehicles, drones, medical devices and applications (e.g., remote surgery), industrial devices and applications (e.g., robots and / or other wireless devices operating in the context of industrial and / or automated processing chains), consumer electronics devices, devices operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, etc. The terminal device may also correspond to the mobile terminal (MT) portion of an IAB node (e.g., a relay node). In the following description, the terms "terminal device," "communication device," "terminal," "user equipment," and "UE" are used interchangeably.

[0034] As used herein, the terms “resource,” “transmission resource,” “resource block,” “physical resource block” (PRB), “uplink resource,” or “downlink resource” can refer to any resource used to perform communication (e.g., communication between a terminal device and a network device), such as resources in the time domain, resources in the frequency domain, resources in the spatial domain, resources in the code domain, or any other combination of time-domain, frequency-domain, spatial-domain, and / or code-domain resources that allow communication. In the following, unless explicitly stated otherwise, resources in both the frequency and time domains will be used as examples of transmission resources used to describe some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. Note that exemplary embodiments of this disclosure are equally applicable to other resources in other domains.

[0035] As used herein, the term "Quality of Experience (QoE)" can refer to a comprehensive measure of customer satisfaction levels. It considers everything from consumer personality and emotions to the quality of the product itself, including whether it meets customer expectations. The term "Access Layer (AS)" can refer to a functional layer in the wireless telecommunications protocol stack between the radio network and user equipment. The term "Application Layer (APP)" can refer to components within an application that control the methods of communication to other devices. The term "handover" can refer to the process of a device switching from a source cell to a target cell. The term "container" can refer to a message structure used to deliver information. The term "elevation angle" can refer to the angle at which an observer needs to align their line of sight to see an object. The elevation angle can be the angle of line of sight measured from the horizontal plane.

[0036] NTN technology extends wireless communication systems to operate above the Earth, for example, with LEO satellites at altitudes of 500-1500 km. Each LEO satellite can provide NR service on Earth by creating one or more satellite beams that form an NR cell. Due to their low altitude, the satellites can move relative to the Earth at a speed of approximately 7.5 km / s. Furthermore, Earth-Fixed Cells (EFC) and Earth-Moving Cells (EMC) (also known as Satellite-Fixed Cells) can be considered. The former requires the satellite to continuously adjust the pointing direction of its satellite beam to fix the NR cell and NR beam to a specific point on Earth, while the latter requires the satellite beam pointing direction to be fixed, thus the beam coverage area (i.e., the NR cell) moves across the Earth.

[0037] Furthermore, it may be necessary to enhance NR QoE to expand QoE data collection for other service types. For example, it could support continuous QoE measurement collection for intra-system and intra-RAT mobility. However, current QoE data collection is limited to terrestrial networks and does not support NTN. In NTN scenarios, even if the UE does not move, handover may occur frequently due to the high speed of satellite movement. As shown in Table 1, handover time can range from 6s to 132s for different NTN cell diameters, which also means that the service time from one NTN cell to one UE ranges from 6s to 132s.

[0038] Table 1

[0039] In a typical NTN (Network Telecommunication Network) scenario with a fixed Earth cell, the UE-satellite path loss and elevation angle can change continuously as the satellite moves. Specifically, a satellite in a non-GEO orbit moves at high speed relative to a fixed position on Earth, causing the distance and path loss between the satellite and the UE to constantly change. This change in path loss between the UE and the satellite can occur in conjunction with changes in the satellite elevation angle.

[0040] Furthermore, the QoE measurement collection function enables the collection of application layer measurements from the UE, supporting both signaling-based and management-based QoE measurement collection. In addition to normal QoE measurements, Radio Access Network (RAN) visible QoE measurements (RV-QoE) are proposed. For normal QoE measurements, QoE reports are encapsulated in a container and delivered to the Operations and Management (OAM) server (i.e., normal QoE reports are transparent to the RAN). If the gNB has configured RV-QoE at the UE, a subset of the configured QoE metrics is reported from the UE to the gNB as explicit information elements (IEs) readable by the gNB. RAN-visible QoE measurements can be used by the gNB for network optimization. In some cases, the RV-QoE reporting period ranges from 120ms to 1024ms.

[0041] If NTN QoE is supported, it can support both normal QoE and RV-QoE in NTN scenarios. Since the service time to the UE provided by a satellite / NTN cell / area is limited, handovers may occur frequently. A normal QoE reporting period may be longer than the service time of an NTN cell because the UE may not have any normal QoE reporting data to send in an NTN cell. However, the RV-QoE reporting period can be configured to be less than the service time of a satellite, so the UE can have multiple RV-QoE reporting data to send in an NTN cell.

[0042] In a typical NTN (Network-to-Nearest Neighborhood) scenario, a UE in connected mode may experience elevation angle changes, such as from -10 to +10 degrees. The path loss variation (up to 10 dB) caused by different elevation angles can be a key factor in QoE performance changes at the application layer, but the UE application layer is unaware of these elevation angle changes. Operators may continuously collect QoE reporting data to optimize the network and enhance user experience. Current QoE mechanisms only support QoE reporting data measured at the application layer and are not associated with elevation angles specific to the NTN scenario. For RV-QoE, small reporting cycles can lead to a large amount of RV-QoE reporting data being generated at the UE application layer. In NTN scenarios, the air interface can be critical for normal data transmission, and RV-QoE reporting data can introduce high signaling loads. In some solutions, the gNB can configure specific thresholds for the UE to control the number of RV-QoE reports, such as RV-QoE reporting based on buffer level thresholds at the application layer. Therefore, reporting QoE based on angle information could be beneficial.

[0043] According to some example embodiments of this disclosure, a solution is provided for introducing elevation angles to enhance the QoE mechanism for NTN. Specifically, in some example embodiments, the terminal device determines whether to perform QoE measurements or transmit measurement reports for QoE measurements based on angle information. This avoids unnecessary waste of air interface resources. Alternatively, in some other exemplary embodiments, the terminal device may include angle information in the measurement report. In this way, it can help identify the causes of poor user experience and better optimize the NTN network.

[0044] In this embodiment, the proposed solution is introduced when the UE is configured with RV-QoE measurement reports. In this embodiment, the proposed solution is introduced when the UE is configured with normal (non-RV) QoE measurement reports. In this embodiment, the proposed solution is introduced when the UE is configured with any type of QoE measurement report.

[0045] In this embodiment, the proposed solution is introduced when the UE is configured with a reporting period less than a predetermined reporting threshold. For example, the configured reporting period may require the UE to be configured to report at least one report within the service time of an NTN cell. As another example, the configured reporting period may require the UE to be configured to report more than one report within the service time of an NTN cell.

[0046] Figure 1AAn example communication environment 100 in which exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented is shown. In the communication environment 100 (which may be an NTN system), a plurality of communication devices, including a first device 110 and a second device 120, can communicate with each other. Non-terrestrial devices can relay communication between the first device 110 and the second device 120. For example, such as Figure 1A As shown, the first device 110 can communicate with the second device 120 via the non-terrestrial equipment 130 providing cell 101. Furthermore, the elevation angle 160 between the first device 110 and the non-terrestrial equipment 130 can change as the non-terrestrial equipment 130 moves. The communication environment 100 also includes one or more core network devices. For example, the communication environment 100 may include a core network (CN) device 140 and a CN device 150, where the core network (CN) device 140 may be an operations and management (Q&M) entity, and the CN device 150 may be a multicast coordination entity (MCE). Cell 101 may be a satellite-fixed NTN cell.

[0047] Figure 1B Another example communication environment 105 in which exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented is shown. In communication environment 105 (which may be an NTN system), a first device 110 is present. A second device 120 (not shown) may be implemented at a non-terrestrial device (e.g., non-terrestrial device 121 providing cell 101). Furthermore, communication environment 105 may also include core network device 140 and core network device 150. Additionally, the elevation angle 160' between the first device 110 and the non-terrestrial device 121 may change as the non-terrestrial device 121 moves.

[0048] The first device 110 may be configured with multiple signaling layers, including a first layer 211 and a second layer 212 (as shown in FIG2). Hereinafter, the first layer 211 may be referred to as Access Layer (AS) 211 (also called the AS layer), and the second layer 212 may be referred to as Application Layer (AL) 212. In some example embodiments, AS layer 211 may support communication between the first device 110 and the AS functions of a RAN (such as the second device 120) or device via a radio frequency (RF) channel. Applications or servers (such as service servers) may be executed by AL 212.

[0049] In some example embodiments, interaction between AS layer 211 and AL 212 is supported. For example, AS layer 211 can provide information or messages to AL 212. AL 212 can also provide information or messages to AS layer 211. As an example, interaction between AS layer 211 and AL 212 can be implemented via attention (AT) commands.

[0050] In the following description, for illustrative purposes, some exemplary embodiments are described in which the first device 110 operates as a terminal device and the second device 120 operates as a network device. However, in some exemplary embodiments, the operations described in connection with the terminal device can be implemented at the network device or other devices, and the operations described in connection with the network device can be implemented at the terminal device or other devices.

[0051] In some example embodiments, if the first device 110 is a terminal device and the second device 120 is a network device, the link from the second device 120 to the first device 110 is referred to as a downlink (DL), and the link from the first device 110 to the second device 120 is referred to as an uplink (UL). In the DL, the second device 120 is a transmitting (TX) device (or transmitter), and the first device 110 is a receiving (RX) device (or receiver). In the UL, the first device 110 is a TX device (or transmitter), and the second device 120 is an RX device (or receiver).

[0052] Communication in communication environment 100 can be implemented according to any suitable communication protocol(s), including but not limited to: cellular communication protocols such as first-generation (1G), second-generation (2G), third-generation (3G), fourth-generation (4G), fifth-generation (5G), and sixth-generation (6G); wireless local network communication protocols such as IEEE 802.11; and / or any other currently known or future-developed protocols. Furthermore, communication can utilize any suitable wireless communication technology, including but not limited to: code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division duplex (FDD), time division duplex (TDD), multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDM), discrete Fourier transform extended OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), and / or any other currently known or future-developed technologies.

[0053] Exemplary embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 2A This illustrates a signaling flow 200 for NTN QoE reporting according to some example embodiments of this disclosure. For discussion purposes, reference may be made to... Figure 1A and Figure 1B Signaling flow 200 can be discussed, for example, by using first device 110, core network device 140, and core network device 150. Signaling flow 200 can also be described using device 220. In some example embodiments, device 220 may be a second device 120 connected to non-terrestrial equipment 130 providing cell 101. Alternatively, device 220 may be non-terrestrial equipment 121 providing cell 101.

[0054] CN device 140 transmits (2205) angle threshold information for QoE measurement to device 220. In other words, device 220 receives (2205) angle threshold information for QoE measurement. In some example embodiments, the angle threshold information may include an angle threshold for initiating QoE measurement (referred to as a first angle threshold). Alternatively or additionally, the angle threshold information may include a first angle threshold for transmitting a measurement report of QoE. As an example, the first angle threshold may indicate a specific angle for initiating QoE measurement or transmitting a measurement report of QoE, such as 30 degrees. In some embodiments, device 220 determines this angle threshold information autonomously without receiving information from CN device 140.

[0055] In some other example embodiments, the angle threshold information may include an angle threshold (referred to as a second angle threshold) for stopping QoE measurements. Alternatively or additionally, the angle threshold information may include a second angle threshold for discarding QoE measurement reports. In some example embodiments, the first angle threshold and the second angle threshold may have the same absolute value. As an example, the second angle threshold may indicate a specific angle for stopping QoE measurements or discarding QoE measurement reports, such as 30 degrees. Alternatively, the first angle threshold and the second angle threshold may have different absolute values. The first angle threshold and the second angle threshold may define an angle range from which the first device 110 is capable of acquiring QoE data. In some example embodiments, if the entire elevation angle range is from 0 to 180 degrees, the values ​​of the first angle threshold and the second angle threshold may be positive. For example, the first angle threshold may be 30 degrees, and the second angle threshold may be 150 degrees, meaning that the first device 110 is capable of acquiring QoE data in the range from 30 degrees to 150 degrees. Alternatively, if the entire elevation angle range is from -90 degrees to 90 degrees (i.e., (±) 90 degrees indicates that the non-ground equipment is perpendicular to the first device 110), then one of the values ​​of the first angle threshold and the second angle threshold can be positive, while the other can be negative. For example, the first angle threshold can be 30 degrees, and the second angle threshold can be -30 degrees, which means that the first device 110 is capable of acquiring QoE data in the range from -30 degrees to 30 degrees.

[0056] Alternatively or additionally, the angle threshold information may include a timer for stopping QoE measurements or for discarding QoE measurement reports. In this case, the expiration of the timer can instruct the stopping of QoE measurements or the discarding of QoE measurement reports.

[0057] CN device 140 can transmit (2205') a QoE configuration to device 220. In other words, device 220 can receive (2205') a QoE configuration from CN device 140. As an example, the QoE configuration can indicate QoE metrics, which may include one or more of the following: bandwidth, latency, packet loss rate, availability, perceived value, preference, expectation, acceptance, or price, etc. Example embodiments of how QoE metrics are utilized will be described later.

[0058] For example, QoE configuration can be included in a QoE configuration container. Table 2 below shows examples of information elements (IEs) in the QoE configuration container. The IEs in Table 2 can be transparent to device 220.

[0059] Table 2

[0060] In some example implementations, QoE measurement / configuration and angle threshold information for QoE measurements can be transmitted in different messages. For example, the angle threshold information can be separate from the QoE configuration container. Alternatively, QoE configuration and angle threshold information can be transmitted in the same message. For example, the angle threshold information can be included in the QoE configuration container. In another example, the angle threshold information is included in the same message as a separate information element using the QoE configuration container.

[0061] Device 220 transmits (2210) the QoE measurement configuration and angle threshold information to first device 110. In other words, first device 110 receives (2210) the QoE measurement configuration and angle threshold information from device 220. As described above, device 220 can be a second device 120. In this case, the QoE measurement configuration and angle threshold information can be transmitted to first device 110 via non-ground device 130. That is, non-ground device 130 can receive the QoE measurement configuration and angle threshold information from second device 120 and then forward the QoE measurement configuration and angle threshold information to first device 110.

[0062] In some example embodiments, device 220 may generate a measurement configuration for QoE (i.e., RV-QoE). In this case, the measurement configuration may include a subset of the QoE metrics configured in the received (2205') QoE configuration. For example, Table 3 below shows examples of measurement configurations for R-QoE. Note that Table 3 is merely an example and not a limitation.

[0063] Table 3

[0064] Alternatively, the QoE configuration can be viewed as a measurement configuration of QoE (i.e., normal QoE). For example, device 220 can forward (2210) a QoE configuration container that includes the QoE configuration to the first device 110.

[0065] In some example embodiments, the QoE measurement configuration and angle threshold information can be transmitted in different messages. For example, the angle threshold information can be separate from the QoE configuration container that includes the QoE measurement configuration. As another example, the angle threshold information and the QoE measurement configuration can be transmitted in different System Information Blocks (SIBs). Alternatively, the angle threshold information can be transmitted in the SIB, and the QoE measurement configuration can be transmitted in a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message.

[0066] Alternatively, the QoE measurement configuration and angle threshold information can be transmitted in the same message. For example, the angle threshold information can be included in a QoE configuration container. In some other example embodiments, the QoE measurement configuration and angle threshold information can be included in an RRC message. As another example, the angle threshold information and the QoE measurement configuration can be transmitted in the same system information block.

[0067] In some embodiments, whether a QoE measurement is performed can be based on the elevation angle. An example embodiment (2001) is described below.

[0068] The first device 110 can determine (2215) the elevation angle between the first device 110 and the non-ground equipment. The elevation angle can be determined using any suitable method. For example, such as... Figure 1A As shown, the first device 110 can determine the elevation angle 160 between the first device 110 and the non-ground equipment 130. Alternatively, such as... Figure 1B As shown, the first device 110 can determine the elevation angle 160' between the first device 110 and the non-ground equipment 121. For example... Figure 2A As shown, AS layer 211 can determine (2215) the elevation angle between the first device 110 and the non-ground equipment.

[0069] The first device 110 determines whether to perform a QoE measurement or transmit a measurement report based on elevation angle and angle threshold information. In some example embodiments, the AS layer 211 may determine whether the elevation angle meets a predetermined condition relative to a first angle threshold. The predetermined condition may include one of the following: exceeding the first angle threshold, equal to the first angle threshold, or below the first angle threshold. For example, if device 220 wants to or is configured to check what the QoE perception of a device is for an elevation angle higher than the first angle threshold, then AS layer 211 may determine whether the elevation angle exceeds the first angle threshold. As an example only, if the first angle threshold is 30 degrees and the elevation angle is 45 degrees, then AS layer 211 may determine at least one of performing a QoE measurement or transmitting a measurement report. Alternatively, device 220 may check what the QoE perception of a device is for an elevation angle lower than the first angle threshold. In this case, AS layer 211 may determine whether the elevation angle is lower than the first angle threshold. For example, if the first angle threshold is 90 degrees and the elevation angle is 80 degrees, then AS layer 211 may determine at least one of performing a QoE measurement or transmitting a measurement report. In this way, QoE can be enhanced when considering elevation angle. In addition, it can avoid unnecessary waste of NTN air interface resources.

[0070] Since in some embodiments, the measurement of QoE may depend on whether the elevation angle satisfies a predetermined condition relative to a first angle threshold, it can be said that the determined elevation angle corresponds to the QoE measurement. For example, the time of QoE measurement and the time of determining the elevation angle (e.g., determining that the elevation angle satisfies a predetermined condition relative to a first angle threshold) may substantially correspond to each other.

[0071] In some example embodiments, AS layer 211 may determine (2220) whether the elevation angle meets a predetermined condition relative to a first angle threshold for initiating experience quality measurement. In this case, AS layer 211 may transmit (2225) the measurement configuration to application layer 212. For example, the measurement configuration may be transmitted in an attention (AT) command.

[0072] Alternatively, AS layer 211 may transmit the measurement configuration before determining whether the elevation angle meets a predetermined condition relative to a first angle threshold. In this case, if the elevation angle meets the predetermined condition relative to the first angle threshold, AS layer 211 may transmit a start indication to application layer 212 to begin QoE measurement. That is, after receiving the measurement configuration, application layer 212 will not begin performing QoE measurement until it receives the start indication from AS layer 211. By way of example only, the start indication may be transmitted in an AT command.

[0073] If the elevation angle does not meet a predetermined condition relative to a first angle threshold used to initiate a quality of experience (QoE) measurement, AS layer 211 may determine not to perform a QoE measurement. In this case, in some example embodiments, AS layer 211 may not transmit the measurement configuration to application layer 212. Alternatively, AS layer may not transmit a start indication to application layer 212.

[0074] Upon receiving a measurement configuration or start instruction, application layer 212 may perform (2230) a QoE measurement based on the measurement configuration. In some example embodiments, application layer 212 may perform a QoE measurement for a specific service based on the measurement configuration. For example, application layer 212 may obtain the values ​​of the metric(s) indicated in the measurement configuration. As an example only, if the measurement configuration includes the metric “number of buffer level entries,” application layer 212 may perform a QoE measurement to obtain the number of buffer level entries. In some example embodiments, as described above, the QoE configuration may indicate a QoE metric that may include one or more of bandwidth, latency, packet loss rate, availability, perceived value, preference, expectation, acceptance, or price. In this case, for example, first device 110 may measure the experienced latency for a specific service during a QoE measurement, which may be reported to device 220 in a QoE measurement report. In some other example embodiments, first device 110 may measure the bandwidth for a specific service during a QoE measurement.

[0075] Application layer 212 can transmit (2235) QoE data to AS layer 211, which includes data from QoE measurements. In other words, AS layer 211 can receive QoE data from application layer 212. In some example embodiments, QoE data can be transmitted within AT commands. QoE data can be included in a QoE report container. For example, QoE measurement data can indicate the obtained values ​​of (multiple) metrics(s) indicated in the measurement configuration. In some example embodiments, application layer 212 can transmit QoE data based on a configuration period. By way of example only, if the measurement configuration indicates a reporting period of 240 ms, then QoE data can be transmitted based on the reporting period, i.e., QoE data can be transmitted every 240 ms.

[0076] AS layer 211 can generate (2240) a QoE measurement report, which includes QoE data received from application layer 212. For example, AS layer 211 can include a QoE report container containing QoE data in the measurement report.

[0077] AS layer 211 can transmit (2245) a QoE measurement report to device 220, which includes QoE data. In other words, device 220 can receive (2245) a measurement report from AS layer 211. As mentioned above, device 220 can be a second device 120. In this case, the QoE measurement report, including QoE data, can be transmitted to the second device 120 via non-ground device 130. That is, non-ground device 130 can receive the QoE measurement report from the first device 110 and then forward the QoE measurement report to the second device 120.

[0078] In some embodiments, whether a measurement report is transmitted can be based on the elevation angle. An example embodiment (2002) is described below.

[0079] In some example embodiments, AS layer 211 may transmit (2315) measurement configuration to application layer 212. For example, the measurement configuration may be transmitted in an AT command. In other words, application layer 212 may receive (2315) measurement configuration from AS layer 211.

[0080] Upon receiving the measurement configuration, application layer 212 can perform (2320) QoE measurement based on the measurement configuration. In some example embodiments, application layer 212 can perform QoE measurement for a specific service based on the measurement configuration. For example, application layer 212 can obtain the values ​​of the metric(s) indicated in the measurement configuration. As an example only, if the measurement configuration includes the metric “number of buffer level records”, application layer 212 can perform a QoE measurement to obtain the number of buffer level records. In some example embodiments, as described above, the QoE configuration can indicate a QoE metric that may include one or more of bandwidth, latency, packet loss rate, availability, perceived, preference, expectation, acceptance, or price. In this case, for example, first device 110 can measure the experienced latency for a specific service during QoE measurement, which can be reported to device 220 in a QoE measurement report. In some other example embodiments, first device 110 can measure the bandwidth for a specific service during QoE measurement.

[0081] Application layer 212 can transmit (2325) QoE data to AS layer 211, which includes data from QoE measurements. In other words, AS layer 211 can receive QoE data from application layer 212. In some example embodiments, QoE data can be transmitted within AT commands. QoE data can be included in a QoE report container. For example, QoE measurement data can indicate the obtained values ​​of the measurement(s)(s) indicated in the measurement configuration. In some example embodiments, application layer 212 can transmit QoE data based on a configuration period. By way of example only, if the measurement configuration indicates a reporting period of 240ms, QoE data can be transmitted based on the reporting period, i.e., QoE data can be transmitted every 240ms.

[0082] AS layer 211 can determine (2330) the elevation angle between the first device 110 and the non-ground equipment. For example, as Figure 1A As shown, AS layer 211 can determine the elevation angle 160 between the first device 110 and the non-ground equipment 130. Alternatively, such as... Figure 1B As shown, AS layer 211 can determine the elevation angle 160' between the first device 110 and the non-ground equipment 121. Similar to embodiment 2001, the determined elevation angle also corresponds to a QoE measurement in 2002. As an example, the time of QoE measurement and / or reporting can substantially correspond to the time of elevation angle determination.

[0083] AS layer 211 can determine (2335) whether the elevation angle meets a predetermined condition relative to a first angle threshold used for transmission experience quality measurement. The predetermined condition may include one of the following: exceeding the first angle threshold, equal to the first angle threshold, or below the first angle threshold. The elevation angle can act as a trigger for QoE data collection, meaning that QoE measurements are triggered only when pre-configured conditions regarding the elevation angle are met, and QoE measurement reports are generated only when the conditions are met.

[0084] For example, if device 220 is configured to check what the QoE perception of devices whose elevation angle is above a first angle threshold is, AS layer 211 can determine whether the elevation angle meets a predetermined condition relative to the first angle threshold. In this case, in some example embodiments, if the elevation angle, for example, exceeds the first angle, AS layer 211 can generate a (2345) QoE measurement report, which includes QoE data received from application layer 212. For example, AS layer 211 can include a QoE report container containing QoE data in the measurement report. Alternatively, if the elevation angle does not exceed the first angle threshold, AS layer 211 can discard the received QoE data. AS layer 211 can skip the transmission of the measurement report to device 220. Alternatively, device 220 can check what the QoE perception of devices whose elevation angle is below the first angle threshold is. In this case, AS layer 211 can determine whether the elevation angle is below the first angle threshold. In this case, if the elevation angle is lower than a first angle, AS layer 211 can generate a (2345) QoE measurement report, which includes QoE data received from application layer 212. Alternatively, if the elevation angle is not lower than a first angle threshold, AS layer 211 can discard the received QoE data.

[0085] Device 220 can transmit (2350) a QoE measurement report to CN device 150, which includes QoE data. In other words, CN device 150 can receive a QoE measurement report including QoE data from device 220.

[0086] In some example embodiments, as described above, the angle threshold information may indicate a second angle threshold for stopping the quality of experience measurement. In this case, AS layer 211 may determine whether the elevation angle meets an additional predetermined condition associated with the second angle threshold. The additional predetermined condition may include one of the following: exceeding the second angle threshold, equal to the second angle threshold, or below the second angle threshold. For example, in some embodiments, if device 220 does not want to check what the QoE perception of a device with an elevation angle below the second angle threshold is, and the elevation angle is below the second angle threshold, AS layer 211 may transmit (2360) a stop instruction to application layer 212 to stop the QoE measurement. Alternatively or additionally, if the elevation angle is below the second angle threshold, AS layer 211 may transmit (2360) a release instruction to application layer 212 to release the measurement configuration. By way of example only, if the second angle threshold is 30 degrees and the elevation angle is 20 degrees, AS layer 211 may decide to stop the QoE measurement. The stop instruction or release instruction may be transmitted (2360) to application layer 212.

[0087] Alternatively or additionally, if the angle threshold information includes a timer for disabling QoE measurement, AS layer 211 may start the timer if a predetermined condition relative to a first angle threshold is detected. While the timer is running, AL layer 212 may perform QoE measurement, and AS layer 211 may send multiple QoE reports. AS layer 211 may determine if the timer has expired. In some example embodiments, if the timer expires, AS layer 211 may transmit (2360) a stop indication to application layer 212 to stop QoE measurement. Alternatively or additionally, if the timer expires, AS layer 211 may transmit (2360) a release indication to application layer 212 to release the measurement configuration. Alternatively or additionally, if the timer expires, AS layer 211 may determine that QoE reports should no longer be transmitted.

[0088] According to the reference Figure 2A The described embodiment proposes a QoE triggering control mechanism for NTN QoE to control the number of QoE reports using the NTN UE elevation angle. Therefore, unnecessary waste of NTN air interface resources can be avoided. This is because when the elevation angle does not meet a predetermined condition relative to a first angle threshold (e.g., less than the first angle threshold), the network does not benefit from receiving QoE reports, and therefore these QoE reports are beneficially not sent.

[0089] Exemplary embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 2B This illustrates signaling flow 205 for NTN QoE reporting according to some example embodiments of this disclosure. For discussion purposes, reference may be made to... Figure 1A and Figure 1B Signaling flow 205 can be discussed, for example, by using first device 110, core network device 140, and core network device 150. Signaling flow 205 can also be described using device 220. In some example embodiments, device 220 may be a second device 120 connected to non-terrestrial equipment 130 providing cell 101. Alternatively, device 220 may be non-terrestrial equipment 121 providing cell 101.

[0090] CN device 140 can transmit (2005) QoE configuration to device 220. In other words, device 220 can receive (2005) QoE configuration from CN device 140. As an example, the QoE configuration can indicate QoE metrics that may include one or more of the following: bandwidth, latency, packet loss rate, availability, perceived value, preference, expectation, acceptance, or price, etc. As an example, the QoE configuration can be included in a QoE configuration container; for example, Table 2 above shows an example of an omitted QoE configuration container information element (IE).

[0091] CN device 140 can transmit (2005') an instruction (320) that an elevation angle needs to be reported to device 220. In other words, device 220 can receive (2005') an instruction that an elevation angle needs to be reported from CN device 140.

[0092] In some example implementations, the QoE configuration and the indication that elevation angle needs to be reported can be transmitted in different messages. For example, the indication that elevation angle needs to be reported can be separate from the QoE configuration container. Alternatively, the QoE configuration and the indication that elevation angle needs to be reported can be transmitted in the same message. For example, the indication that elevation angle needs to be reported can be included in the QoE configuration container. In another example, the indication that elevation angle needs to be reported is included in the same message using the QoE configuration container as a separate information element.

[0093] Device 220 transmits (2010) the QoE measurement configuration to first device 110. In other words, first device 110 receives (2010) the QoE measurement configuration from device 220. As described above, device 220 can be a second device 120. In this case, the QoE measurement configuration and the indication for reporting elevation angle can be transmitted to first device 110 via non-ground device 130. That is, non-ground device 130 can receive the QoE measurement configuration and the indication for reporting elevation angle from second device 120, and then forward the QoE measurement configuration and the indication for reporting elevation angle to first device 110.

[0094] In some example embodiments, device 220 may generate a measurement configuration for QoE (i.e., RV QoE). In this case, the measurement configuration may include a subset of the QoE metrics configured in the received (2005) QoE configuration (e.g., as shown in Table 3). Alternatively, the QoE configuration may be considered as a measurement configuration for QoE (i.e., normal QoE). For example, device 220 may forward (2010) a QoE configuration container including the QoE configuration to first device 110.

[0095] In some example embodiments, the indication that elevation angle needs to be reported and the measurement configuration are included in two separate messages. For example, the measurement configuration may be transmitted in an RRC message. The indication that elevation angle needs to be reported may be transmitted in an SIB. Alternatively, the indication that elevation angle needs to be reported and the measurement configuration are included in a single message.

[0096] AS layer 211 can transmit (2015) the measurement configuration of QoE to application layer 212. In other words, application layer 212 can receive (2015) the measurement configuration of QoE from AS layer 211. For example, the QoE configuration (310) can be transmitted in AT commands.

[0097] In some example embodiments, as described above, the QoE configuration container may include a QoE measurement configuration and an indication that elevation angle needs to be reported. In this case, after receiving the QoE configuration container from AS layer 211, application layer 212 may transmit (2020) the indication that elevation angle needs to be reported to AS layer 211. In other words, AS layer 211 may receive (2020) the indication that elevation angle needs to be reported from application layer 212. In another embodiment, AS layer 211 extracts this indication from signaling 2010.

[0098] In some embodiments, the elevation angle may be included in the measurement report by AS layer 211. An example embodiment (2003) is described below.

[0099] In some example embodiments, application layer 212 may perform (2025) QoE measurements based on measurement configuration. For example, as referenced Figure 2A As discussed, application layer 212 can perform QoE measurements for a specific service based on a measurement configuration. For example, application layer 212 can obtain the values ​​of (multiple) metrics indicated in the measurement configuration. As an example only, if the measurement configuration includes the metric "Number of buffer level records," application layer 212 can perform a QoE measurement to obtain the number of buffer level records.

[0100] Application layer 212 can transmit (2030) QoE data to AS layer 211, which includes data from QoE measurements. In other words, AS layer 211 can receive QoE data from application layer 212. In some example embodiments, QoE data can be transmitted within AT commands. QoE data can be included in a QoE report container. For example, QoE measurement data can indicate the obtained values ​​of the metric(s)(s)(s) indicated in the measurement configuration. In some example embodiments, application layer 212 can transmit QoE data based on a configuration period. By way of example only, if the measurement configuration indicates a reporting period of 240ms, then QoE data can be transmitted based on the reporting period, i.e., QoE data can be transmitted every 240ms.

[0101] The first device 110 determines (2035) the elevation angle between the first device 110 and the non-ground equipment. The elevation angle can be determined using any suitable method. For example, as Figure 1A As shown, the first device 110 can determine the elevation angle 160 between the first device 110 and the non-ground equipment 130. Alternatively, such as... Figure 1B As shown, the first device 110 can determine the elevation angle 160' between the first device 110 and the non-ground equipment 121. For example... Figure 2BAs shown, AS layer 211 can determine (2035) the elevation angle between the first device 110 and the non-ground equipment. In some example embodiments, if an instruction is received that an elevation angle needs to be reported, AS layer 211 can determine the elevation angle based on that instruction. The determined elevation angle can correspond to a QoE measurement. For example, the determined elevation angle and the QoE measurement form a pair. As an example, the time of QoE measurement and / or reporting can substantially correspond to the time of elevation angle determination. For example, when the AS layer receives QoE data from the AL, the AS layer can determine the elevation angle, and therefore there is only a small time difference between the various moments.

[0102] The first device 110 generates (2040) a measurement report that includes elevation angle and QoE data. For example, if an instruction is received that elevation angle needs to be reported, the AS layer 211 can include the elevation angle in the measurement report based on that instruction. As an example, such as Figure 3A As shown, the measurement report 300 may include elevation angle 312 and QoE data 311, which contains QoE measurement data 310. In some example embodiments, the measurement report may be formed with multiple separate records for the QoE metric and elevation angle. In this way, since the elevation angle is given at a known location, the network can more easily react to / read the measurement report, or react later to filter out the necessary data.

[0103] A first device 110 (e.g., AS layer 211) transmits a (2045) QoE measurement report to device 220, which includes QoE data and elevation angle. In other words, device 220 can receive the (2045) measurement report from the first device 1100. As described above, device 220 can be a second device 120. In this case, a QoE measurement report including QoE data can be transmitted from a non-ground device 130 to the second device 120. That is, the non-ground device 130 can receive the QoE measurement report from the first device 110 and then forward the QoE measurement report to the second device 120.

[0104] In some embodiments, the elevation angle may be included in the measurement report by application layer 212. An example embodiment (2004) is described below.

[0105] In some example embodiments, upon receiving (2015) the measurement configuration, application layer 212 may perform (2125) a QoE measurement based on the measurement configuration. AS layer 211 may determine (2135) the elevation angle between the first device 110 and the non-ground equipment. In some example embodiments, if an indication is received that an elevation angle needs to be reported, AS layer 211 may determine the elevation angle based on that indication.

[0106] AS layer 211 can transmit (2136) elevation angle to application layer 212. In other words, application layer 212 can receive elevation angle from AS layer 211.

[0107] In some example embodiments, AS layer 211 may transmit elevation angle to application layer 212 based on a predetermined period. In this case, in some example embodiments, the predetermined period may be configured by device 220 or CN network device 140. Alternatively, the predetermined period may be pre-configured at first device 110.

[0108] In some other example embodiments, the first device 110 may determine whether the elevation angle change exceeds a predetermined change threshold. In this case, if the elevation angle change exceeds the predetermined change threshold, the AS layer 211 may transmit the elevation angle to the application layer 212. Alternatively, if the elevation angle change does not exceed the predetermined change threshold, the AS layer 211 may not transmit the elevation angle to the application layer 212. In some example embodiments, the predetermined change threshold may be configured by device 220 or CN network device 140. Alternatively, the predetermined change threshold may be pre-configured at the first device 110. For example, if the predetermined change threshold is 10 degrees and the elevation angle changes from 30 degrees to 45 degrees (i.e., the elevation angle change is 15 degrees), the elevation angle may be transmitted to the application layer 212.

[0109] In some example embodiments, application layer 212 can insert the elevation angle into a corresponding position in the QoE measurement data. In this way, the network can more easily understand the relationship between the elevation angle and the QoE measurement data, thereby identifying elevation angles that may lead to poor QoE. For example, as... Figure 3B As shown, after receiving the elevation angle (322) (2136), the application layer 212 can insert the elevation angle (322) into the QoE measurement data (320). In some example embodiments, if the application layer 212 receives the elevation angle multiple times, the application layer 212 can insert the elevation angle into the corresponding position in the corresponding QoE measurement data (320) at each time after receiving the elevation angle. For example, as Figure 3B As shown, the elevation angle (322) can be inserted at several locations in the QoE report data container (321).

[0110] In this way, the determined elevation angle can correspond to a QoE measurement. For example, the determined elevation angle and the QoE measurement can form a pair. The moment of the QoE measurement can substantially correspond to the moment the elevation angle is determined.

[0111] Alternatively, application layer 212 can append the elevation angle (332) to the end of the QoE measurement data (330). In this way, since the elevation angle is given at a known location, the network can more easily react to / read the measurement report, or react later to filter out the necessary data. For example, as Figure 3C As shown, after receiving the elevation angle (332) (2136), application layer 212 can append the elevation angle (332) to the end of the QoE measurement data (330). In some example embodiments, if application layer 212 receives the elevation angle (332) multiple times, application layer 212 can append all elevation angles to the end of the QoE measurement data (332). For example, as Figure 3C As shown, the elevation angle (332) can be located at the end of the QoE measurement data (330) within the QoE data (331).

[0112] QoE data (311, 331, 331) may also include timing information for elevation angle (312, 322, 332). For example, QoE data (331) may include a timestamp when elevation angle (332) is received from AS layer 211.

[0113] The first device 110 generates (2140) a measurement report that includes elevation and QoE data. For example, the first device can combine the elevation and QoE measurements together into a radio interface message (such as an RRC message). As an example, such as... Figure 3B and Figure 3C As shown, the measurement report 300 may include QoE data 321 / 331, which contains data from QoE measurements 320 / 330 and elevation angles 322 / 332. In some example embodiments, the first device 110 may also obtain elevation angle information from other sources (such as Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) / geographic data received from a Global Positioning System (GPS) modem). In this case, the measurement report may include an information element (IE) comprising the QoE data and an additional IE comprising a modified elevation angle derived based on the aforementioned elevation angle information.

[0114] A first device 110 (e.g., AS layer 211) transmits (2145) a QoE measurement report to device 220, which includes QoE data and elevation angle. In other words, device 220 can receive (2045) the measurement report from the first device 1100. As described above, device 220 can be a second device 120. In this case, a QoE measurement report including QoE data can be transmitted from a non-ground device 130 to the second device 120. That is, the non-ground device 130 can receive the QoE measurement report from the first device 110 and then forward the QoE measurement report to the second device 120.

[0115] Device 220 determines the elevation angle (2160) based on the measurement report. Device 220 can identify and determine the location and time at which a poor user experience is caused by the elevation angle, for example, within a range of elevation angles. In this way, the network can improve the user experience by adjusting the direction of the satellite antenna or adjusting the coverage of the serving satellite.

[0116] According to the reference Figure 2B The described embodiment correlates elevation angle with QoE reporting data. This helps operators identify the causes of poor user experience and further optimize the NTN network. Note that references... Figure 2B The described embodiments may be adapted in any suitable manner from the references. Figure 2A The described combination of embodiments.

[0117] Figure 4 A flowchart of an example method 400 implemented at a first device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. For the purposes of discussion, [the following will be discussed]. Figure 1A and Figure 1B Method 400 is described by the angle of the first device 110 in the middle.

[0118] In box 410, the first device receives measurement configuration and angle threshold information of experience quality from the second device.

[0119] At frame 420, the first device determines the elevation angle between the first device and the non-ground equipment.

[0120] At frame 430, the first device determines, based on elevation angle and angle threshold information, whether to perform at least one of the following: an experience quality measurement or the transmission of a measurement report indicating data for the experience quality measurement. The determined elevation angle corresponds to the experience quality measurement.

[0121] In some example embodiments, the angle threshold information includes a first angle threshold for initiating experience quality measurement or for transmitting an experience quality measurement report. Method 400 may further include: determining whether the elevation angle meets a predetermined condition relative to the first angle threshold.

[0122] In some example embodiments, method 400 further includes: if it is determined that the elevation angle meets a predetermined condition relative to a first angle threshold for initiating experience quality measurement, transmitting at least one of a measurement configuration or a start indication for initiating experience quality measurement at a first protocol layer of the first device to a second protocol layer of the first device; performing experience quality measurement at the second protocol layer based on the measurement configuration; receiving experience quality data at the first protocol layer from the second protocol layer, the experience quality data including data from the experience quality measurement; generating an experience quality measurement report at the first protocol layer, the measurement report including the experience quality data; and transmitting the experience quality measurement report to the second device at the first protocol layer.

[0123] In some exemplary embodiments, method 400 further includes: determining not to perform an experience quality measurement if it is determined that the elevation angle does not meet a predetermined condition relative to a first angle threshold for initiating an experience quality measurement; and skipping the transmission of at least one of a measurement configuration or start indication to a second protocol layer of the first device.

[0124] In some example embodiments, method 400 further includes: transmitting a measurement configuration at a first protocol layer of the first device to a second protocol layer of the first device; performing an experience quality measurement at the second protocol layer based on the measurement configuration; receiving experience quality data at the first protocol layer from the second protocol layer, the experience quality data including data from the experience quality measurement; generating an experience quality measurement report at the first protocol layer, the measurement report including the experience quality data, if it is determined that the elevation angle meets a predetermined condition relative to a first angle threshold for transmitting an experience quality measurement report; and transmitting the experience quality measurement report to the second device at the first protocol layer.

[0125] In some example embodiments, method 400 further includes: transmitting a measurement configuration at a first protocol layer of the first device to a second protocol layer of the first device; performing an experience quality measurement at the second protocol layer based on the measurement configuration; receiving experience quality data at the first protocol layer from the second protocol layer, the experience quality data including data from the experience quality measurement; discarding the received experience quality data at the first protocol layer if it is determined that the elevation angle does not meet a predetermined condition relative to a first angle threshold for transmitting a measurement report of experience quality; and skipping the transmission of the measurement report to the second device.

[0126] In some example embodiments, the angle threshold information includes a second angle threshold for stopping the experience quality measurement, and the elevation angle between the first device and the non-ground device is determined at the first protocol layer of the first device; it is determined at the first protocol layer whether the elevation angle meets an additional predetermined condition relative to the second angle threshold; and if it is determined that the elevation angle meets the additional predetermined condition relative to the second angle threshold, a stop instruction for stopping the experience quality measurement is transmitted from the first protocol layer to the second protocol layer of the first device; or a release instruction for releasing the measurement configuration is transmitted from the first protocol layer to the second protocol layer.

[0127] In some example embodiments, the angle threshold information also includes a timer for disabling experience quality measurement, and if it is determined that the elevation angle meets a predetermined condition relative to the first angle threshold, the timer is started at a first protocol layer of the first device; it is determined at the first layer whether the timer has expired; and if it is determined that the timer has expired, a stop instruction for stopping experience quality measurement is transmitted from the first protocol layer to a second protocol layer; or a release instruction for releasing the measurement configuration is transmitted from the first protocol layer to the second protocol layer of the first device.

[0128] In some example embodiments, the first device includes a terminal device, and the second device includes a network device, and the first protocol layer of the first device is an access layer, and the second protocol layer of the first device is an application protocol layer.

[0129] Figure 5 A flowchart of an example method 500 implemented at a second device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. For the purposes of discussion, [the following will be discussed]. Figure 1A and Figure 1B Method 500 is described by the angle of the first device 110 in the middle.

[0130] At frame 510, the first device obtains the measurement configuration of the experience quality from the second device.

[0131] At box 520, the first device performs experience quality measurement based on the measurement configuration.

[0132] At frame 530, the first device determines the elevation angle between itself and the non-ground equipment. The determined elevation angle corresponds to the experience quality measurement.

[0133] At frame 540, the first device generates a measurement report that includes data on elevation angle and experience quality measurements.

[0134] At frame 550, the first device transmits a measurement report to the second device.

[0135] In some example embodiments, method 500 further includes: receiving an indication from a second device that an elevation angle needs to be reported; and determining the elevation angle based on the indication and including the elevation angle in the measurement report.

[0136] In some example embodiments, the indication and measurement configuration are included in a single message or two separate messages from the second device.

[0137] In some example embodiments, method 500 further includes: performing experience quality measurement based on measurement configuration at a second protocol layer of the first device; receiving experience quality data from the second protocol layer at a first protocol layer of the first device, the experience quality data including experience quality measurement data; generating an experience quality measurement report at the first protocol layer, the measurement report including elevation angle and experience quality data; and transmitting the experience quality measurement report to the second device at the first protocol layer.

[0138] In some example embodiments, method 500 further includes: performing an experience quality measurement based on a measurement configuration at a second protocol layer of the first device; transmitting an elevation angle from the first protocol layer to the second protocol layer; generating experience quality report data including the elevation angle at the second protocol layer based on the elevation angle and experience quality measurement data; receiving experience quality data from the second protocol layer at the first protocol layer, the experience quality data including the elevation angle and experience quality measurement data; generating an experience quality measurement report at the first protocol layer, the measurement report including the experience quality data; and transmitting the experience quality measurement report to the second device at the first protocol layer.

[0139] In some example embodiments, method 500 further includes transmitting an elevation angle to a second protocol layer at a first protocol layer based on a predetermined period.

[0140] In some example embodiments, method 500 further includes: determining whether the elevation angle change exceeds a predetermined change threshold; and if it is determined that the elevation angle change exceeds the predetermined change threshold, transmitting the elevation angle at the first protocol layer to the second protocol layer.

[0141] In some example embodiments, method 500 further includes: inserting the elevation angle into the corresponding position in the experience quality measurement data at the second protocol layer.

[0142] In some example embodiments, method 500 further includes appending the elevation angle to the end of the experience quality measurement data at a second protocol layer.

[0143] In some example embodiments, the first device includes a terminal device, and the second device includes a network device, and the first protocol layer of the first device is an access layer, and the second protocol layer of the first device is an application protocol layer.

[0144] Figure 6 A flowchart of an example method 600 implemented at a third device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. For the purposes of discussion, [the following will be discussed]. Figure 1A The second device 120 and Figure 1B Method 600 describes the angle of the non-ground equipment 121 in the middle.

[0145] In box 610, the second device obtains angle threshold information for experience quality measurement.

[0146] In box 620, the second device transmits the measurement configuration of the experience quality and the angle threshold information for measuring the experience quality to the first device.

[0147] In some example embodiments, the angle threshold information includes a first angle threshold for initiating experience quality measurement or for transmitting an experience quality measurement report.

[0148] In some example embodiments, the angle threshold information includes a second angle threshold for stopping experience quality measurements or for discarding experience quality measurement reports.

[0149] In some example embodiments, the angle threshold information includes a timer for stopping experience quality measurements or for discarding experience quality measurement reports.

[0150] In some example embodiments, the first device includes a terminal device, and the second device includes a network device.

[0151] Figure 7 A flowchart of an example method 700 implemented at a fourth device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. For the purposes of discussion, [the following will be discussed]. Figure 1A The second device 120 and Figure 1B Method 700 describes the angle of the non-ground equipment 121 in the middle.

[0152] At frame 710, the second device transmits the measurement configuration of the experience quality to the first device.

[0153] At frame 720, the second device receives a measurement report from the first device, which includes the elevation angle between the first device and the non-ground equipment, as well as data on the quality of experience measurement, which is obtained based on the measurement configuration.

[0154] At frame 730, the second device determines the elevation angle that supports the quality of the experience based on the measurement report.

[0155] In some example embodiments, method 700 further includes: obtaining an indication of an elevation angle that needs to be reported for experience quality measurement; and transmitting the indication of an elevation angle that needs to be reported to a first device.

[0156] In some example embodiments, the indication and measurement configuration are included in a single message or two separate messages from the second device.

[0157] In some example embodiments, the experience quality measurement report includes: the elevation angle between the first device and the non-ground equipment, and experience quality report data, which includes experience quality measurement data.

[0158] In some example embodiments, the experience quality measurement report includes experience quality report data, which includes experience quality measurement data and the elevation angle between the first device and the non-ground equipment.

[0159] In some example embodiments, the first device includes a terminal device, and the second device includes a network device.

[0160] In some example embodiments, a first device capable of performing any method 400 (e.g., Figure 1A and Figure 1B The first device 110 may include components for performing the corresponding operations of method 400. These components may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, these components may be implemented in a circuit system or a software module. The first device may be implemented as or included in Figure 1A and Figure 1B In the first device 110.

[0161] In some example embodiments, the first device includes: components for receiving measurement configuration and angle threshold information of experience quality from the second device; components for determining the elevation angle between the first device and a non-ground device; and components for determining, based on the elevation angle and angle threshold information, at least one of performing an experience quality measurement or transmitting a measurement report indicating data of the experience quality measurement, wherein the determined elevation angle corresponds to the experience quality measurement.

[0162] In some example embodiments, the angle threshold information includes a first angle threshold for initiating experience quality measurement or for transmitting an experience quality measurement report; and the first device further includes a component for determining whether the elevation angle meets a predetermined condition relative to the first angle threshold.

[0163] In some example embodiments, the first device further includes: components for transmitting at least one of a measurement configuration or a start indication for initiating an experience quality measurement at a first protocol layer of the first device to a second protocol layer of the first device if the elevation angle is determined to satisfy a predetermined condition relative to a first angle threshold for initiating an experience quality measurement; components for performing an experience quality measurement based on the measurement configuration at the second protocol layer; components for receiving experience quality data from the second protocol layer at the first protocol layer, the experience quality data including data from the experience quality measurement; components for generating an experience quality measurement report at the first protocol layer, the measurement report including the experience quality data; and components for transmitting the experience quality measurement report to the second device at the first protocol layer.

[0164] In some exemplary embodiments, the first device further includes: a component for determining not to perform an experience quality measurement if it is determined that the elevation angle does not meet a predetermined condition relative to a first angle threshold for initiating an experience quality measurement; and a component for skipping the transmission of at least one of a measurement configuration or start indication to a second protocol layer of the first device.

[0165] In some example embodiments, the first device further includes: means for transmitting a measurement configuration from a first protocol layer of the first device to a second protocol layer of the first device; means for performing an experience quality measurement based on the measurement configuration at the second protocol layer; means for receiving experience quality data from the second protocol layer at the first protocol layer, the experience quality data including data of the experience quality measurement; means for generating an experience quality measurement report at the first protocol layer, the measurement report including experience quality data, if it is determined that the elevation angle satisfies a predetermined condition relative to a first angle threshold for transmitting an experience quality measurement report; and means for transmitting the experience quality measurement report to the second device at the first protocol layer.

[0166] In some example embodiments, the first device further includes: means for transmitting a measurement configuration from a first protocol layer of the first device to a second protocol layer of the first device; means for performing an experience quality measurement based on the measurement configuration at the second protocol layer; means for receiving experience quality data from the second protocol layer at the first protocol layer, the experience quality data including data from the experience quality measurement; means for discarding the received experience quality data at the first protocol layer if it is determined that the elevation angle does not meet a predetermined condition relative to a first angle threshold for transmitting an experience quality measurement report; and means for skipping the transmission of the measurement report to the second device.

[0167] In some example embodiments, the angle threshold information includes a second angle threshold for stopping the experience quality measurement, and components for determining the elevation angle between the first device and the non-ground device at a first protocol layer of the first device; components for determining at the first protocol layer whether the elevation angle meets an additional predetermined condition relative to the second angle threshold; and components for transmitting a stop instruction for stopping the experience quality measurement to a second protocol layer of the first device at the first protocol layer if it is determined that the elevation angle meets an additional predetermined condition relative to the second angle threshold; or components for transmitting a release instruction for releasing the measurement configuration to the second protocol layer at the first protocol layer.

[0168] In some example embodiments, the angle threshold information also includes a timer for disabling experience quality measurement and a component for starting the timer at a first protocol layer of the first device if it is determined that the elevation angle meets a predetermined condition relative to the first angle threshold; a component for determining at the first layer whether the timer has expired; and a component for transmitting a stop instruction for stopping experience quality measurement to a second protocol layer at the first protocol layer if it is determined that the timer has expired; or a component for transmitting a release instruction for releasing the measurement configuration to a second protocol layer of the first device at the first protocol layer.

[0169] In some example embodiments, the first device includes a terminal device, and the second device includes a network device, and the first protocol layer of the first device is an access layer, and the second protocol layer of the first device is an application protocol layer.

[0170] In some example embodiments, the first device further includes methods 400 or Figure 1A and Figure 1B Other operational components in some example embodiments of the first device 110. In some example embodiments, these components include: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause execution of the first device.

[0171] In some example embodiments, a first device capable of performing any method 500 (e.g., Figure 1A and Figure 1B The first device 110 may include components for performing the corresponding operations of method 500. These components may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, these components may be implemented in a circuit system or a software module. The first device may be implemented as or included in Figure 1A and Figure 1B In the first device 110.

[0172] In some example embodiments, the first device includes: components for receiving a measurement configuration of experience quality from the second device; components for performing an experience quality measurement based on the measurement configuration; components for determining an elevation angle between the first device and a non-ground device, wherein the determined elevation angle corresponds to the experience quality measurement; components for generating a measurement report including data of the elevation angle and the experience quality measurement; and components for transmitting the measurement report to the second device.

[0173] In some example embodiments, the first device further includes: a component for receiving an indication from the second device that an elevation angle needs to be reported; and a component for determining the elevation angle based on the indication and including the elevation angle in the measurement report.

[0174] In some example embodiments, the indication and measurement configuration are included in a single message or two separate messages from the second device.

[0175] In some example embodiments, the first device further includes: components for performing experience quality measurements based on a measurement configuration at a second protocol layer of the first device; components for receiving experience quality data from the second protocol layer at a first protocol layer of the first device, the experience quality data including experience quality measurement data; components for generating an experience quality measurement report at the first protocol layer, the measurement report including elevation angle and experience quality data; and components for transmitting the experience quality measurement report to the second device at the first protocol layer.

[0176] In some example embodiments, the first device further includes: components for performing experience quality measurements based on a measurement configuration at a second protocol layer of the first device; components for transmitting an elevation angle from the first protocol layer to the second protocol layer; components for generating experience quality report data including the elevation angle at the second protocol layer based on the experience quality measurement data and the elevation angle; components for receiving experience quality data including the experience quality measurement data and the elevation angle from the second protocol layer at the first protocol layer; components for generating an experience quality measurement report at the first protocol layer, the measurement report including the experience quality data; and components for transmitting the experience quality measurement report to the second device at the first protocol layer.

[0177] In some example embodiments, the first device further includes a component for transmitting an elevation angle to a second protocol layer at a first protocol layer based on a predetermined period.

[0178] In some example embodiments, the first device further includes: a component for determining whether the change in elevation angle exceeds a predetermined change threshold; and a component for transmitting the elevation angle at a first protocol layer to a second protocol layer if the change in elevation angle is determined to exceed the predetermined change threshold.

[0179] In some example embodiments, the first device further includes a component for inserting the elevation angle into a corresponding position in the data of the experience quality measurement at a second protocol layer.

[0180] In some example embodiments, the first device further includes a component for appending the elevation angle to the end of the experience quality measurement data at a second protocol layer.

[0181] In some example embodiments, the first device includes a terminal device, and the second device includes a network device, and the first protocol layer of the first device is an access layer, and the second protocol layer of the first device is an application protocol layer.

[0182] In some example embodiments, the first device further includes methods 500 or Figure 1A and Figure 1B Other operational components in some example embodiments of the first device 110. In some example embodiments, these components include: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause execution of the first device.

[0183] In some example embodiments, a second device capable of performing any method 600 (e.g., Figure 1A The second device 120 and Figure 1B The non-ground device 121 in the process may include components for performing the corresponding operations of method 600. These components may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, these components may be implemented in a circuit system or a software module. The second device may be implemented as or included in Figure 1A The second device 120 and Figure 1B Among the non-ground equipment 121.

[0184] In some example embodiments, the second device includes: components for obtaining angle threshold information for experience quality measurement; and components for transmitting the experience quality measurement configuration and the angle threshold information for experience quality measurement to the first device.

[0185] In some example embodiments, the angle threshold information includes a first angle threshold for initiating experience quality measurement or for transmitting an experience quality measurement report.

[0186] In some example embodiments, the angle threshold information includes a second angle threshold for stopping experience quality measurements or for discarding experience quality measurement reports.

[0187] In some example embodiments, the angle threshold information includes a timer for stopping experience quality measurements or for discarding experience quality measurement reports.

[0188] In some example embodiments, the first device includes a terminal device, and the second device includes a network device.

[0189] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further includes methods 600 or Figure 1A The second device 120 and Figure 1B Other operational components in some example embodiments of the non-ground device 121. In some example embodiments, these components include: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause execution of the second device.

[0190] In some example embodiments, a second device capable of performing any method 700 (e.g., Figure 1A The second device 120 and Figure 1BThe non-ground device 121 in the process may include components for performing the corresponding operations of method 700. These components may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, these components may be implemented in a circuit system or a software module. The second device may be implemented as or included in Figure 1A The second device 120 and Figure 1B Among the non-ground equipment 121.

[0191] In some example embodiments, the second device includes: components for transmitting a measurement configuration of experience quality to the first device; components for receiving a measurement report from the first device, the measurement report including an elevation angle between the first device and a non-ground device and data on experience quality measurements obtained based on the measurement configuration; and components for determining an elevation angle supporting experience quality based on the measurement report.

[0192] In some example embodiments, the second device further includes: components for obtaining an indication of the elevation angle that needs to be reported for quality of experience measurements; and components for transmitting the indication of the elevation angle that needs to be reported to the first device.

[0193] In some example embodiments, the indication and measurement configuration are included in a single message or two separate messages from the second device.

[0194] In some example embodiments, the experience quality measurement report includes: the elevation angle between the first device and the non-ground equipment, and experience quality report data, which includes experience quality measurement data.

[0195] In some example embodiments, the experience quality measurement report includes experience quality report data, which includes experience quality measurement data and the elevation angle between the first device and the non-ground equipment.

[0196] In some example embodiments, the first device includes a terminal device, and the second device includes a network device.

[0197] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further includes methods 700 or... Figure 1A The second device 120 and Figure 1B Other operational components in some example embodiments of the non-ground device 121. In some example embodiments, these components include: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause execution of the second device.

[0198] Figure 8 This is a simplified block diagram of a device 800 suitable for implementing exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Device 800 can be provided to implement a communication device, for example, Figure 1A and Figure 1B The first device 110, or Figure 1A The second device shown, or Figure 1B The non-ground device 121 is shown in the figure. The device 800 includes one or more processors 810, one or more memories 820 connected to the processors 810, and one or more communication modules 840 connected to the processors 810.

[0199] Communication module 840 is used for bidirectional communication. Communication module 840 has one or more communication interfaces to facilitate communication with one or more other modules or devices. The communication interface can represent any interface necessary for communication with other network elements. In some exemplary embodiments, communication module 840 may include at least one antenna.

[0200] As a non-limiting example, processor 810 can be any type suitable for a local technology network and can include one or more of the following: general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, microprocessor, digital signal processor (DSP), and processor based on a multi-core processor architecture. Device 800 can have multiple processors, such as application-specific integrated circuit chips that are time-dependent on a clock that synchronizes with the main processor.

[0201] Memory 820 may include one or more non-volatile memories and one or more volatile memories. Examples of non-volatile memories include, but are not limited to, read-only memory (ROM) 824, electrically programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard disk, compact disc (CD), digital video disc (DVD), optical disc, laser disc, and other magnetic and / or optical storage. Examples of volatile memories include, but are not limited to, random access memory (RAM) 822 and other volatile memories that will not persist during power outages.

[0202] Computer program 830 includes computer-executable instructions that are executed by an associated processor 810. The instructions of program 830 may include instructions for performing operations / actions of some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. Program 830 may be stored in memory (e.g., ROM 824). Processor 810 can perform any suitable actions and processes by loading program 830 into RAM 822.

[0203] Exemplary embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented via program 830, enabling device 800 to perform as shown in Figures 2 to 30. Figure 7 Any process discussed in this disclosure. Exemplary embodiments of this disclosure may also be implemented by hardware or by a combination of software and hardware.

[0204] In some exemplary embodiments, program 830 may be tangibly contained in a computer-readable medium, which may be included in device 800 (such as in memory 820) or in other storage devices accessible by device 800. Device 800 may load program 830 from the computer-readable medium into RAM 822 for execution. In some exemplary embodiments, the computer-readable medium may include any type of non-transitory storage medium, such as ROM, EPROM, flash memory, hard disk, CD, DVD, etc. As used herein, the term "non-transitory" is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not tactile), rather than a limitation of the persistence of data storage (e.g., RAM and ROM).

[0205] Figure 9 An example of a computer-readable medium 900 is shown, which may be in the form of a CD, DVD, or other optical storage disc. The computer-readable medium 900 has a program 830 stored thereon.

[0206] Generally, the various embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented in hardware or dedicated circuitry, software, logic, or any combination thereof. Some aspects can be implemented in hardware, and others can be implemented in firmware or software that can be executed by a controller, microprocessor, or other computing device. Although various aspects of the embodiments of this disclosure are shown and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other graphical representation, it should be understood that the blocks, apparatuses, systems, techniques, or methods described herein can be implemented as non-limiting examples in hardware, software, firmware, dedicated circuitry or logic, general-purpose hardware or controllers or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.

[0207] Some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure also provide at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a computer-readable medium, such as a non-transitory computer-readable medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions that execute in a device on a target physical or virtual processor, such as those included in a program module, to perform any of the methods described above. Typically, a program module includes routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, etc., that perform a particular task or implement a particular abstract data type. In various embodiments, the functionality of a program module can be combined or split among program modules as needed. The machine-executable instructions for a program module can execute within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, the program module can reside on both a local storage medium and a remote storage medium.

[0208] Program code used to perform the methods of this disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. The program code may be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that when executed by the processor or controller, the program code causes the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, as a stand-alone software package, partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0209] In the context of this disclosure, computer program code or related data may be carried by any suitable carrier to enable a device, apparatus, or processor to perform the various processes and operations described above. Examples of carriers include signals, computer-readable media, etc.

[0210] Computer-readable media can be computer-readable signal media or computer-readable storage media. Computer-readable media can include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatuses, or devices, or any suitable combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media will include electrical connections having one or more wirings, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable optical disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0211] Furthermore, although operations are described in a specific order, this should not be construed as requiring that such operations be performed in the specific order shown or sequentially, or requiring that all shown operations be performed to achieve the desired result. In some cases, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Similarly, although several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure, but rather as a description of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Unless explicitly stated otherwise, certain features described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, unless explicitly stated otherwise, various features described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented individually or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple embodiments.

[0212] Although this disclosure has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological actions, it should be understood that the disclosure as defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or actions described above. Rather, the specific features and actions described above are disclosed as exemplary forms for implementing the claims.

Claims

1. A first device, comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one memory stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to: Receive experience quality measurement configuration and angle threshold information from the second device; Determine the elevation angle between the first device and the non-ground equipment; as well as Based on the elevation angle and the angle threshold information, determine at least one of performing an experience quality measurement or transmitting a measurement report, the measurement report indicating data of the experience quality measurement, wherein the determined elevation angle corresponds to the experience quality measurement.

2. The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the angle threshold information includes a first angle threshold for initiating the experience quality measurement or for transmitting the measurement report of the experience quality; and The first device is configured to: determine whether the elevation angle satisfies a predetermined condition relative to the first angle threshold.

3. The first device according to claim 2, wherein the first device is configured to: If it is determined that the elevation angle satisfies the predetermined condition relative to the first angle threshold for initiating the experience quality measurement, then at least one of the measurement configuration or a start instruction for initiating the experience quality measurement is transmitted from the first protocol layer of the first device to the second protocol layer of the first device. The experience quality measurement is performed at the second protocol layer based on the measurement configuration; Experience quality data is received from the second protocol layer at the first protocol layer, the experience quality data including the data of the experience quality measurement; A measurement report on the quality of experience is generated at the first protocol layer, the measurement report including the quality of experience data; as well as The measurement report on the quality of experience is transmitted to the second device at the first protocol layer.

4. The first device according to claim 2, wherein the first device is configured to: If it is determined that the elevation angle does not meet the predetermined condition relative to the first angle threshold used to initiate the experience quality measurement, then it is determined that the experience quality measurement will not be performed; and Skip the transmission of at least one of the measurement configuration or start indication to the second protocol layer of the first device.

5. The first device according to claim 2, wherein the first device is configured to: The measurement configuration is transmitted from the first protocol layer of the first device to the second protocol layer of the first device; The experience quality measurement is performed at the second protocol layer based on the measurement configuration; Experience quality data is received from the second protocol layer at the first protocol layer, the experience quality data including the data of the experience quality measurement; If it is determined that the elevation angle satisfies the predetermined condition relative to the first angle threshold for the measurement report used to transmit the quality of experience, then the measurement report of the quality of experience, which includes the quality of experience data, is generated at the first protocol layer. as well as The measurement report on the quality of experience is transmitted to the second device at the first protocol layer.

6. The first device according to claim 2, wherein the first device is configured to: The measurement configuration is transmitted from the first protocol layer of the first device to the second protocol layer of the first device; The experience quality measurement is performed at the second protocol layer based on the measurement configuration; Experience quality data is received from the second protocol layer at the first protocol layer, the experience quality data including the data of the experience quality measurement; If it is determined that the elevation angle does not meet the predetermined condition relative to the first angle threshold of the measurement report used for transmitting quality of experience, then the received quality of experience data is discarded at the first protocol layer. as well as The transmission of the measurement report to the second device is skipped.

7. The first apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the angle threshold information includes a second angle threshold for stopping the experience quality measurement, and The first device is configured such that: The elevation angle between the first device and the non-ground equipment is determined at the first protocol layer of the first device; At the first protocol layer, determine whether the elevation angle satisfies another predetermined condition relative to the second angle threshold; and If it is determined that the elevation angle satisfies another predetermined condition relative to the second angle threshold, then Transmit a stop instruction for stopping the experience quality measurement from the first protocol layer to the second protocol layer of the first device; or A release instruction for releasing the measurement configuration is transmitted from the first protocol layer to the second protocol layer.

8. The first apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the angle threshold information further includes a timer for disabling the experience quality measurement, and The first device is configured such that: If it is determined that the elevation angle meets the predetermined condition relative to the first angle threshold, then the timer is started at the first protocol layer of the first device; Determine whether the timer has expired at the first layer; and If it is determined that the timer has expired, then Transmit a stop instruction for stopping the experience quality measurement from the first protocol layer to the second protocol layer; or A release instruction for releasing the measurement configuration is transmitted from the first protocol layer to the second protocol layer of the first device.

9. A first device, comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one memory stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to: Receive the measurement configuration of the experience quality from the second device; Perform experience quality measurements based on the aforementioned measurement configuration; Determine the elevation angle between the first device and the non-ground equipment, wherein the determined elevation angle corresponds to the experience quality measurement; Generate a report including the data from the experience quality measurement and the elevation angle measurement; as well as The measurement report is transmitted to the second device.

10. The first device according to claim 9, wherein the first device is configured to: Receive from the second device an instruction that the elevation angle needs to be reported; and Based on the indication, the elevation angle is determined and included in the measurement report.

11. The first device according to any one of claims 9 to 10, wherein the first device is configured to: The experience quality measurement is performed at the second protocol layer of the first device based on the measurement configuration; Experience quality data is received from the second protocol layer at the first protocol layer of the first device, the experience quality data including the data of the experience quality measurement; A measurement report on the quality of experience is generated at the first protocol layer, the measurement report including the elevation angle and the quality of experience data; as well as The measurement report on the quality of experience is transmitted to the second device at the first protocol layer.

12. The first device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the first device is configured to: The experience quality measurement is performed at the second protocol layer of the first device based on the measurement configuration; The elevation angle is transmitted from the first protocol layer to the second protocol layer; At the second protocol layer, experience quality report data including the elevation angle is generated based on the data from the experience quality measurement and the elevation angle. The experience quality data is received from the second protocol layer at the first protocol layer, the experience quality data including the data of the experience quality measurement and the elevation angle; A measurement report on the quality of experience is generated at the first protocol layer, the measurement report including the quality of experience data; as well as The measurement report on the quality of experience is transmitted to the second device at the first protocol layer.

13. The first device according to claim 12, wherein the first device is configured to: The elevation angle is transmitted from the first protocol layer to the second protocol layer at a predetermined period.

14. The first device according to any one of claims 12 to 13, wherein the first device is configured such that: Determine whether the change in elevation angle exceeds a predetermined threshold; and If it is determined that the change in elevation angle exceeds the predetermined change threshold, the elevation angle is transmitted from the first protocol layer to the second protocol layer.

15. The first device according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the first device is configured to: At the second protocol layer, the elevation angle is appended to the end of the data for the experience quality measurement.

16. The first apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the first apparatus includes a terminal device, and wherein the second apparatus includes a network device, wherein the first protocol layer of the first apparatus is an access layer, and the second protocol layer of the first apparatus is an application protocol layer.

17. A second device, comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one memory stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second device to: Obtain angle threshold information for measuring experience quality; as well as The measurement configuration for experience quality and the angle threshold information for experience quality measurement are transmitted to the first device.

18. The second apparatus of claim 17, wherein the angle threshold information includes a first angle threshold for initiating the experience quality measurement or for transmitting the measurement report of the experience quality.

19. The second apparatus according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the angle threshold information includes a second angle threshold for stopping the experience quality measurement or for discarding the experience quality measurement report.

20. The second apparatus according to any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein the angle threshold information includes a timer for stopping the experience quality measurement or for discarding the experience quality measurement report.

21. A second device, comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one memory stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second device to: Transmit the measurement configuration of the experience quality to the first device; Receive a measurement report from the first device, the measurement report including the elevation angle between the first device and the non-ground equipment and data of the experience quality measurement, the experience quality measurement data being obtained based on the measurement configuration; and The elevation angle that supports the quality of the experience is determined based on the measurement report.

22. The second device according to claim 21, wherein the second device is further configured to: Obtain an indication of the elevation angle that needs to be reported for the experience quality measurement; and The first device is transmitted with an instruction that the elevation angle needs to be reported.

23. The second device according to any one of claims 17 to 22, wherein the first device includes a terminal device, and The second device includes network equipment.

24. A method comprising: The first device receives measurement configuration and angle threshold information for the quality of experience from the second device. Determine the elevation angle between the first device and the non-ground equipment; Based on the elevation angle and the angle threshold information, it is determined whether to perform an experience quality measurement or transmit a measurement report, the measurement report indicating the data of the experience quality measurement, wherein the determined elevation angle corresponds to the experience quality measurement.

25. A method comprising: The measurement configuration for receiving the experience quality is received from the second device at the first device; Perform experience quality measurements based on the aforementioned measurement configuration; Determine the elevation angle between the first device and the non-ground equipment, wherein the determined elevation angle corresponds to the experience quality measurement; Generate a report including the data from the experience quality measurement and the elevation angle measurement; as well as The measurement report is transmitted to the second device.

26. A method comprising: Angle threshold information for measuring the quality of experience is obtained at the second device; as well as The measurement configuration for experience quality and the angle threshold information for experience quality measurement are transmitted to the first device.

27. A method comprising: The measurement configuration for the experience quality is transmitted from the second device to the first device; Receive a measurement report from the first device, the measurement report including the elevation angle between the first device and the non-ground equipment and data of the experience quality measurement, the experience quality measurement data being obtained based on the measurement configuration; and The elevation angle that supports the quality of the experience is determined based on the measurement report.

28. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions stored thereon, the instructions being configured to cause a device to perform at least the method according to any one of claims 24 to 25 or the method according to any one of claims 26 to 27.

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