Polyaromatic hydrocarbon for preparing proton exchange membrane as well as preparation method and application of polyaromatic hydrocarbon

By precisely controlling the introduction of sulfonic acid groups, a polyaromatic proton exchange membrane with high oxidation stability and proton conductivity was prepared, solving the problem of controlling the mechanical properties and sulfonation degree of polymer membranes in the prior art and realizing the efficient operation of fuel cells.

CN122080342APending Publication Date: 2026-05-26CHANGCHUN INSTITUTE OF APPLIED CHEMISTRY CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202610275528.2
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2026-03-09
Publication Date
2026-05-26

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing technologies for preparing main-chain ether-free polymer proton exchange membranes suffer from problems such as difficulty in obtaining high molecular weight polymers, difficulty in controlling the degree of sulfonation, and poor mechanical properties, which limit their application in fuel cells.

Method used

Fluorine-containing precursor polymers were synthesized via superacid catalysis, combined with sodium hydrosulfide substitution and oxidation reactions, and the introduction of sulfonic acid groups was precisely controlled to prepare monosulfonated and double-sulfonated fluorosulfonic acid polymers, forming microphase-separated structures to improve proton conductivity and dimensional stability.

Benefits of technology

A proton exchange membrane with high oxidation stability and proton conductivity was achieved, reducing the swelling ratio and improving the mechanical properties and conductivity of the membrane, thus exhibiting excellent fuel cell performance.

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Abstract

The invention discloses polyaromatic hydrocarbon for preparing a proton exchange membrane as well as a preparation method and application of the polyaromatic hydrocarbon, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of proton exchange membrane materials. The problems of low molecular weight, nonuniform sulfonation, sulfonated polymer chain breakage, poor dimensional stability, poor mechanical property and the like of the proton exchange membrane material are solved. An aromatic monomer and 3, 5-difluorotrifluoroacetophenone are used as raw materials, a fluorine-containing aromatic polymer is prepared by adopting a Friedel-Crafts hydroxyalkylation reaction catalyzed by super acid, then a sulfonic acid group is introduced to the fluorine-containing aromatic polymer through a nucleophilic substitution-post-sulfonation method, and a mono-sulfonated fluorine-containing sulfonic acid polymer and a double-sulfonated fluorine-containing sulfonic acid polymer are prepared. The polymer is used as a raw material to prepare the proton exchange membrane. The polarity difference between the hydrophobic fluorine-containing benzene ring side group and the hydrophilic disulfonic acid group is large, so that the formation of a microphase separation structure is facilitated, a continuous proton transmission channel is constructed, and meanwhile, the swelling rate of the membrane is effectively inhibited by the hydrophobic fluorine-containing chain segment, and the dimensional stability of the membrane is improved.
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