40 results about "Sulfonated polymer" patented technology

The invention discloses a modified spherical graphite negative electrode material and a preparation method and application thereof.The modified spherical graphite negative electrode material comprises a graphite core, an embedded structure and a coating layer, the graphite core is spherical or spheroidic graphite, the embedded structure is achieved by embedding boron nitride nanosheets into the surface of the graphite core, and the coating layer is coated with the boron nitride nanosheets. The number of layers of the boron nitride nanosheets is 1-5, the proportion of the embedded structure is 5-15 wt%, the coating layer is one of sulfonated polypyrrole, sulfonated polyaniline or sulfonated polythiophene, the thickness of the coating layer is 5-50 nm, the surface sulfonic acid group content of the coating layer is 5-10 wt%, and the coating layer coats the embedded structure and the graphite core. The graphite negative electrode material is subjected to BNNS embedding through high-pressure homogenization, and then is coated by a sulfonated polymer surface in-situ polymerization process, so that the material is endowed with high tap density, high thermal conductivity and excellent ion transmission capability, and the graphite negative electrode material is suitable for high-energy-density power batteries and fast charging scenes.

The invention provides a tissue engineering heart valve stent with a sulfonated nano-enzyme coating as well as a preparation method and application of the tissue engineering heart valve stent, and belongs to the technical field of medical materials. The invention relates to a tissue engineering heart valve stent with a sulfonated nano-enzyme coating, which comprises an acellular matrix carrier, ruthenium / iridium-tannic acid nano-enzyme loaded on the acellular matrix carrier, and a sulfonated polymer coating fixed on the acellular matrix carrier and / or the surface of nano-particles through ultraviolet polymerization, the ruthenium / iridium-tannic acid nano-enzyme is formed by tannic acid TA, Ru < 3 + > and Ir < 3 + > through coordination. According to the invention, through double bionic activities of superoxide dismutase and nitric oxide synthase of ruthenium / iridium-tannic acid nano-enzyme and through the super-hydrophilicity and electrically neutral surface of the sulfonated polymer coating, collaborative regulation and control of O2-NO cascade catalysis and interface functions in a pathological microenvironment are realized; the structural and functional in-situ regeneration of the tissue engineering heart valve stent is promoted.

The invention discloses a grafted sulfonated polymer membrane containing a spiro structure, a preparation method of the grafted sulfonated polymer membrane and application of the grafted sulfonated polymer membrane in an electrochemical energy storage device, and belongs to the technical field of polymer separation membranes. The membrane material comprises a polymer prepared by a polymerization reaction, and monomers for the polymerization reaction comprise an aromatic monomer with a spiro indane structure and a monomer containing an imidazole group; the polymer is characterized in that in a repetitive unit of the polymer, a side chain containing a sulfonic group is grafted on a nitrogen atom of an imidazole group. The preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out polymerization reaction on the two monomers to obtain a precursor polymer; then, reacting the precursor polymer with a sulfonating agent to realize grafting of a sulfonic group side chain on an imidazole group nitrogen atom; and finally, preparing the membrane through a solution tape casting method. According to the preparation method, a sulfonic side chain is introduced into a spiro polymer skeleton with high chemical stability in a grafting manner, so that an efficient ion conduction channel is constructed, meanwhile, the structural stability of the membrane material is kept, and the prepared membrane material shows excellent comprehensive performance in application of alkaline aqueous organic flow batteries and the like.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a hollow fiber nanofiltration membrane based on integral forming, and belongs to the technical field of nanofiltration membrane preparation. According to the method, a first membrane casting solution and a second membrane casting solution are prepared, the first membrane casting solution comprises a polymer, a pore-foaming agent, a hydrophilic additive, a solvent and an interlayer binding force additive DTES, and the second membrane casting solution comprises a sulfonated polymer, a hydrophilic additive, a pore-foaming agent and a solvent; carrying out composite spinning on the two membrane casting solutions by adopting a three-hole spinning nozzle, so that a separation layer and a supporting layer of the nanofiltration membrane are synchronously formed; an annular heating module is arranged between a spinning nozzle and a coagulating bath interface, and the film surface solvent content is controlled through heat radiation. Hydrophilic nano channels are formed through hydrolysis and self-polycondensation of DTES on an interlayer interface, meanwhile, the interlayer binding force is enhanced, the layering problem in the easy-to-integrate nanofiltration membrane preparation process is solved, the method is suitable for the fields of direct drinking water purification, biological separation, salt lake lithium extraction and the like, and the method is suitable for large-scale production.

The invention relates to the technical field of ionic membranes, and mainly provides an ionic conduction membrane and a preparation method thereof, and a flow battery. The ion conducting membrane comprises the following components in parts by mass: 5-15 parts of cyclodextrin, 70-90 parts of sulfonated polymer and 4-15 parts of fluorine-containing polymer. The flow battery formed by the ion conduction membrane provided by the technical scheme of the invention has relatively high ion conductivity, so that high-power-density operation is realized and maintained.

The invention discloses an electrolyte membrane and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the electrolyte membrane comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving a sulfonated polymer in an organic solvent to obtain a spinning solution of the sulfonated polymer; dissolving a polymer and a lithium salt in an organic solvent to obtain a spinning solution of the polymer; performing high-voltage electrostatic spinning on the two prepared spinning solutions to obtain a 3D curled polymer fiber membrane; (2) dissolving an organic matter in an organic solvent, adding a cobalt salt and a lanthanum salt into the organic solvent, and stirring and mixing to obtain a spinning solution; spinning the spinning solution; carrying out high-temperature sintering on the fiber membrane to obtain a pre-oxidized inorganic nanowire; (3) dissolving the pre-oxidized inorganic nanowire in an organic solvent, adding a polymer and a lithium salt, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution; and pouring the mixed solution into a 3D curled polymer fiber membrane, and drying to obtain the 3D curled polymer fiber membrane.

This invention belongs to the field of membrane separation technology and lithium extraction technology. Specifically, it relates to a two-dimensional clay mineral lithium extraction membrane for enhanced lithium-magnesium separation. The membrane is obtained by cross-linking and modifying a two-dimensional clay mineral nanosheet suspension with a strongly positively charged functional organic compound to form a strongly positively modified two-dimensional clay nanosheet functional layer. A sulfonated polymer is then introduced for cross-linking. The strongly positively charged functional organic compound contains two or more positively charged groups, which are modified and connected to the nanosheet end faces and surfaces through hydrogen bonding, focusing on strengthening the positively charged environment at the nanosheet end faces. This invention can enhance the lithium-magnesium ion separation effect and the structural strength of the membrane, thereby improving the stability of the membrane in brine environments and showing great application potential.

The invention discloses high-crosslinking sulfonated polyhalogen styrene resin as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method of the resin comprises the following steps: firstly, enabling halogen styrene to react with a cross-linking agent to form a gel polymer; then carrying out sulfonation reaction on the gel polymer by utilizing a sulfonation reagent to obtain a sulfonated polymer; finally, post-crosslinking is realized through a Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction, and the sulfonated resin with a high-crosslinking structure is prepared. According to the resin, deep removal of metal ion impurities is achieved through multiple action mechanisms (including ion exchange, electrostatic adsorption and coordination) between sulfonic acid groups and metal ions, and the chemical stability of the resin in an organic wet electron chemical system is remarkably enhanced by means of the electron withdrawing effect of halogen atoms and the synergistic effect of a post-crosslinking structure. In addition, halogen atoms on the surface of the resin can form hydrogen-bond interaction with hydroxyl-containing organic impurities, so that the organic impurities are synchronously removed. The highly crosslinked sulfonated polyhalogen styrene resin prepared by the method can effectively purify wet electronic chemicals, is particularly suitable for high-purity preparation of semiconductor photoresist solvents, and provides a novel efficient purification solution for the field of advanced electronic materials.

The disclosure relates to laminate structures to cover or protect substrates or surfaces. The laminate structure comprises a support layer and a self-sterilizing / antimicrobial layer comprising a sulfonated polymer, capable of killing microbes within minutes and for an extended period of time. The sulfonated polymer has a sufficient degree of sulfonation to kill in less than 120 minutes at least 90% of microbes in contact with the surfaces, and for extended protection of the surfaces for at least one month. The laminate structure is particularly suitable for protecting high-touch surfaces such as door knobs, touch-screens, tables, as well as for use with facemasks, face shields, or as self-sterilizing wraps for surgical instruments and supplies. The laminates can also be used as garments or to cover / protect personnel having contagious diseases, etc., to decrease the transmission of microbes.

The invention relates to the field of fuel cells and technologies, in particular to an electrospun composite proton exchange membrane based on polysulfonated dopamine modification and a preparation method thereof. The composite proton exchange membrane comprises a porous electrospinning fiber substrate which is coated and modified by self-polymerization of a sulfonated dopamine monomer, wherein the sulfonated dopamine monomer is any one of aromatic ring sulfonated dopamine, terminal sulfonated dopamine and amino sulfonylated dopamine; the porous electrospinning fiber substrate is filled with the trivalent cerium salt and the sulfonated polymer. By introducing the poly-sulfonated dopamine coating, the wettability and binding force of the sulfonated polymer can be remarkably improved, and uniform dispersion and fixation of Ce < 3 + > are promoted, so that the proton conductivity and chemical stability of the membrane are improved. The preparation method of the composite proton exchange membrane is simple and convenient, the composite proton exchange membrane has good interface compatibility, free radical degradation resistance and long-term operation stability, and the composite proton exchange membrane has good application prospects in proton exchange membrane fuel cells and water electrolysis devices.

The invention provides a high-temperature-resistant non-sulfonated composite filtrate reducer for drilling fluid and a preparation method of the non-sulfonated composite filtrate reducer, and particularly relates to the field of C08F. The non-sulfonated composite filtrate reducer comprises a modified natural polymer and a synthetic non-sulfonated polymer, the modified natural polymer is etherified-crosslinked double modified konjac glucomannan; the synthetic non-sulfonated polymer is an acrylic acid-itaconic acid-acrylamide terpolymer. A traditional sulfonation treatment agent is abandoned, a full-non-sulfonation system is constructed by adopting environment-friendly components such as a modified natural polymer, a synthetic non-sulfonation polymer and a bio-based modified material, and the biodegradation rate of the system is larger than or equal to 90%, EC50gt; the drilling fluid has no biotoxicity, and completely meets the drilling environmental protection standard. The drilling fluid waste does not need to be treated complexly and can be discharged after reaching the standard only through simple solid-liquid separation, compared with traditional polysulfonate drilling fluid waste treatment, the cost is reduced by 40% or above, and the method is suitable for construction in severe environment-friendly areas.

According to the full-carbon-chain polyaryl polymer, the ion exchange membrane and the application, a sulfonated polymer is prepared through a coupling polymerization method for the first time, has high molecular weight, can keep good mechanical performance under the high ionization degree, has extremely low swelling in electrolyte and is not prone to aging; a rigid framework of a main chain is combined with sulfonate ions, and an obvious microphase separation structure can be formed in the membrane. In addition, when the prepared ion exchange membrane is used in a battery, conductivity and impedance tests show that the ion exchange membrane has good ion transmission capability. In the battery circulation result, the flow battery prepared from the ion exchange membrane has no obvious capacity fading after 500 cycles, and the coulombic efficiency reaches 100%, which indicates that the ion exchange membrane is suitable for the aqueous flow battery, and shows high conductivity, excellent selectivity and high energy efficiency capacity utilization rate in the battery performance; the method has strong application potential in the fields of flow cells, fuel cells, electrolyzed water, concentration cells and the like.

The invention provides a composition comprising (a) water, (b) a sulfonated polymer, a sulfonated alkyl amine compound, or a combination thereof, (c) a chelating agent, and (d) an organic compound comprising a quaternary amine, wherein the composition has a pH of less than about 7. The invention also provides a method for removing residue from a surface of a microelectronic device substrate comprising contacting the surface of the microelectronic device substrate with the compositions described herein.

This invention discloses a polyaromatic hydrocarbon for preparing proton exchange membranes, its preparation method, and its application, belonging to the field of proton exchange membrane material preparation technology. This invention solves problems such as low molecular weight, uneven sulfonation, chain breakage in sulfonated polymers, poor dimensional stability, and poor mechanical properties in proton exchange membrane materials. Using aromatic monomers and 3,5-difluorotrifluoroacetophenone as raw materials, this invention employs a superacid-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts hydroxyalkylation reaction to prepare fluorinated aromatic polymers. Then, sulfonic acid groups are introduced onto the fluorinated aromatic polymers via nucleophilic substitution followed by sulfonation, preparing monosulfonated and disulfonated fluorinated sulfonic acid polymers. Proton exchange membranes are then prepared using these polymers as raw materials. The significant polarity difference between the hydrophobic fluorinated benzene ring side groups and the hydrophilic disulfonic acid groups in this invention is more conducive to forming a microphase separation structure and constructing continuous proton transport channels. Simultaneously, the hydrophobic fluorinated segments effectively suppress membrane swelling and improve its dimensional stability.

The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, mixing a photocuring material, a photoinitiator, an organic solvent and a corrosion inhibitor to serve as an oil phase, taking an aqueous dispersion of an emulsifier as a water phase, and mixing and emulsifying the oil phase and the water phase to obtain an oil-in-water emulsion; s2, sodium p-styrenesulfonate is added into the oil-in-water emulsion, ultraviolet curing and washing are conducted, wet sulfonated polymer multi-core microcapsules are obtained, then ultrasonic treatment is conducted in deionized water, and sulfonated polymer multi-core microcapsule aqueous dispersion is prepared; and S3, dropwise adding aniline into the aqueous dispersion of the sulfonated polymer multi-core microcapsule, stirring, and dropwise adding an initiator aqueous solution containing protonic acid to initiate aniline polymerization, thereby obtaining the polyaniline multi-core microcapsule. When the multi-core microcapsule is used for an anticorrosive coating, even if local damage exists, the remaining core material can be protected by the wall material composite condensate, a time difference of'sequential release 'is formed, and the core material is slowly released.

An aqueous suspension of a mineral material, for example calcium carbonate, is described. The aqueous suspension is prepared by wet grinding step followed by a concentration step in the presence of at least one rheological agent R comprising phosphoric acid and an α-sulfonated polymer P which is completely or partially neutralised by a monovalent ion. A rheological agent R and the use of this mineral suspension for preparing a mass filler for paper, for preparing a paper coating slip, or for preparing a coating composition, for example a paint composition, is also described.

This invention discloses a butene hydration catalyst, its preparation method, and its applications. The butene hydration catalyst of this invention has the following structural formula: where n1 ranges from 200 to 500; R is an alkyl group. The preparation method of the butene hydration catalyst includes the following steps: modifying a sulfonated polymer with an alkylbenzene sulfonate in a solvent to obtain the butene hydration catalyst. The butene hydration catalyst of this invention exhibits both hydrophilic and lipophilic properties, promoting the contact between butene and water, improving the mass transfer efficiency between heterogeneous reactants in the reaction system, and thus enhancing the single-pass conversion rate of butene and the selectivity of the product sec-butanol. Furthermore, this invention also improves the butene hydration reaction process while preparing the butene hydration catalyst, further increasing the single-pass conversion rate of butene hydration to sec-butanol and reducing energy consumption and cost in the production process.

This invention relates to the field of flow battery membrane technology, and particularly to a covalent organic framework-polymer hybrid porous membrane, its preparation method, and its application. The method includes the following steps: preparing a porous support layer; preparing a sulfonated polymer hybrid covalent organic framework dispersion; and preparing the covalent organic framework-polymer hybrid composite membrane by electrochemical deposition. The sulfonated polymer enters the framework of the covalent organic framework, reducing its effective pore size and providing abundant proton-conducting groups, thereby improving the coulombic efficiency and voltage efficiency of the vanadium battery. Furthermore, the membrane's vanadium barrier properties and ion selectivity are improved through a combination of pore size sieving and charge repulsion, further enhancing the coulombic efficiency and capacity retention of the vanadium battery.

The application provides a zinc-bromine flow battery negative electrode material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of zinc-bromine flow batteries. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, a molybdenum source solution is added dropwise into a mixed aqueous solution containing a zinc source and a copper source; then, a fluorine source and a pH buffer are added, and the pH is adjusted to 6.5-7.5 to prepare a hydrothermal precursor solution; the carbon felt is immersed in the hydrothermal precursor solution for hydrothermal reaction, and then washed and dried to obtain an intermediate carbon felt; and finally, the intermediate carbon felt is immersed in a modification solution containing a sulfonated polymer and an organic zirconium crosslinking agent, and dried to obtain the zinc-bromine flow battery negative electrode material. According to the preparation method, the synthesis process is optimized, element doping and chemical coupling interfaces are introduced, the zinc-bromine flow battery negative electrode material prepared by the method can effectively inhibit the hydrogen evolution side reaction and enhance the electrode interface stability while inhibiting the growth of zinc dendrites; and the energy efficiency and the cycle stability of the zinc-bromine flow battery can be significantly improved.

This invention belongs to the field of membrane technology, and specifically discloses a zwitterionic functionalized COF and SiO2. 2 The polymer hybrid proton exchange membrane with spherical co-modification includes the following steps: (1) preparing a covalent organic framework SNW-1; (2) reacting SNW-1 with 1,3-propanesulfonic acid lactone to obtain zwitterionic functionalized covalent organic framework ZSNW-1; (3) preparing SiO2. 2 Nanospheres; (4) ZSNW-1 and SiO 2 Nanospheres were added to a sulfonated polymer solution at a mass ratio of 2:1 to ultimately prepare zwitterionic functionalized covalent organic frameworks COF and SiO2. 2 A polymer hybrid proton exchange membrane with spherical synergistic modification. This invention improves the structure and composition of key functional components in the proton exchange membrane by introducing zwitterionic-functionalized covalent organic frameworks ZSNW-1 and SiO2 into the proton exchange membrane. 2 Nanospheres, with their mass ratio controlled at 2:1, can effectively improve proton conductivity by utilizing their synergistic modification effect.

The invention discloses slurry for a composite diaphragm, the composite diaphragm, a preparation method of the composite diaphragm and application of the composite diaphragm in alkaline water electrolysis, and belongs to the field of diaphragms for hydrogen production through water electrolysis. The composite diaphragm is prepared from a porous support layer double-sided composite porous coating; wherein the solid components of the porous coating comprise an inorganic nano material, an alkali-resistant high-molecular polymer and a hydrophilic sulfonated polymer; and the porous supporting layer is a polyphenylene sulfide net. The composite diaphragm has a multi-layer structure and sequentially comprises a first compact skin layer, a finger-shaped porous layer, a three-dimensional porous layer and a second compact skin layer, wherein the three-dimensional porous layer contains a porous supporting layer. The composite diaphragm has the advantages of high chemical and mechanical stability, high porosity, small aperture, good wettability to alkali liquor, low gas permeability, low surface resistance and the like in a strong alkali medium.

The invention provides a preparation method of a monovalent selective cation exchange membrane, the monovalent selective cation exchange membrane and application of the monovalent selective cation exchange membrane, and relates to the technical field of ion exchange membranes. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing a sulfonated polymer, an acylating chlorination reagent and a catalyst, and carrying out acylating chlorination reaction to obtain an acylating chlorination polymer; mixing the acylating chlorination polymer, straight-chain halogenated alcohol, a quaternization reagent and a solvent, and carrying out grafting reaction to obtain a membrane casting solution; and preparing a membrane from the membrane casting solution, and carrying out alkaline leaching to obtain the monovalent selective cation exchange membrane. According to the preparation method, the modified substance is modified on the raw material base material of the cation exchange membrane, and a covalent bond is formed between the modified substance and the raw material base material, so that the stability of the membrane is greatly improved; the problem of low ion flux is improved by adjusting the dosage of the modifying reagent, the charge density of the base material and the hydrophilic-hydrophobic property; in addition, the raw materials are modified before film forming, the film is formed through one-step casting after modification is completed, and preparation is simple and is not limited by the film area.

The invention belongs to the field of cation exchange membranes, and discloses a preparation method of a monovalent selective cation exchange membrane with Gemini electrolyte monomers grafted in ion channels. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly synthesizing a halomethylated sulfonated polymer as a base membrane raw material, then adopting an electrostatic auxiliary electrolyte monomer internal modification strategy, and utilizing directional migration of charged molecules under the action of electric field force and a reaction of amino of a Gemini electrolyte monomer and chloromethyl in a polymer membrane to prepare the Gemini polymer membrane. A Gemini electrolyte monomer with double amino groups, double quaternary ammonium and inner ring twisted conformations is grafted into an ion channel, and an M-GEM-X membrane system is constructed. The membrane realizes efficient selective separation of monovalent cations (K, Na and Li) and divalent cations (Mg) through a synergistic effect of size exclusion and electrostatic interaction, and is suitable for the fields of seawater salt extraction, salt lake lithium extraction and the like in an electrodialysis process.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a covalent organic framework composite membrane for an all-vanadium redox flow battery. The covalent organic framework composite membrane is composed of a COF main body framework and sulfonated polymer guest molecules. Wherein COF-TPTAM formed by casting tetra (4-aminophenyl) methane and trialdehyde phloroglucinol through a solvent is used as a continuous phase, and a sulfonated polymer is used as a dispersed phase. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1, dissolving trialdehyde phloroglucinol in dimethyl sulfoxide to obtain a precursor solution A; 2, dissolving tetra (4-aminophenyl) methane in dimethyl sulfoxide, adding the linear sulfonated polymer, and ultrasonically dispersing uniformly to obtain a precursor solution B; 3, fully mixing the precursor solution A and the precursor solution B, ultrasonically dispersing, dropwise adding into a glass tank, heating to 60 DEG C, and slowly evaporating for 24 hours; and heating to 80 DEG C, and slowly evaporating for 48 hours to obtain the covalent organic framework composite membrane. The preparation conditions are mild, the application range is wide, and the prepared composite membrane has good mechanical performance and proton conductivity.

The invention relates to the technical field of ion exchange membranes, and discloses a bipolar membrane and a preparation method and application thereof.The bipolar membrane comprises a positive membrane layer, a catalyst layer and a negative membrane layer which are sequentially stacked, the positive membrane layer comprises a first positive membrane layer and a second positive membrane layer, the first positive membrane layer is located on the surface of one side of the catalyst layer, and the second positive membrane layer is located on the surface of the other side of the catalyst layer; the second positive membrane layer is positioned on the surface of one side, deviating from the catalyst layer, of the first positive membrane layer; the material of the first positive membrane layer is formed by polymerizing monomers comprising double bonds and sulfonic acid groups; and the material of the second positive membrane layer comprises a sulfonated polymer. The positive membrane layer comprises the first positive membrane layer and the second positive membrane layer, the first positive membrane layer mainly plays a role in ion transmission to ensure that hydrogen ions generated by water dissociation can be quickly and efficiently migrated to the acid chamber, and the second positive membrane layer mainly plays a role in blocking common ions to prevent a large number of common ions in the acid chamber from being migrated to the alkali chamber, so that the acid chamber is protected from being polluted. And the positive film layer can effectively block the same ions.

The invention provides a composition comprising (a) water, (b) a sulfonated polymer, a sulfonated alkyl amine compound, or a combination thereof, (c) a chelating agent, and (d) an organic compound comprising a quaternary amine, wherein the composition has a pH of less than about 7. The invention also provides a method for removing residue from a surface of a microelectronic device substrate comprising contacting the surface of the microelectronic device substrate with the compositions described herein.

A sulfonated polymer fiber screen and a method for fabricating the same is disclosed. For example, a composition may include a plurality of sulfonated polymer fibers. The sulfonated polymer fibers may include polyether ether ketone (PEEK) fibers or polyaryl ether ketone (PAEK) fibers that are contacted with an acid bath that includes a sulfur containing group.

A water dispersible sulfopolymer for use as a material in the layer-wise additive manufacture of a 3D part made of a non water dispersible polymer wherein the water dispersible polymer is a reaction product of a metal sulfo monomer, the water dispersible sulfo-polymer being dispersible in water resulting in separation of the water dispersible polymer from the 3D part made of the non water dispersible polymer.

The invention relates to the technical field of flow battery diaphragms, in particular to a covalent organic framework-polymer hybrid porous membrane as well as a preparation method and application thereof. Comprising the following steps: preparing a porous supporting layer; preparing sulfonated polymer hybrid covalent organic framework dispersion liquid; and preparing the covalent organic framework-polymer hybrid composite membrane by an electrochemical deposition method. The sulfonated polymer enters the skeleton of the covalent organic framework, the effective aperture of the covalent organic framework is reduced, and abundant proton conduction groups are provided, so that the coulombic efficiency and the voltage efficiency of the vanadium battery are improved. In addition, the vanadium resistance and the ion selectivity of the film are improved through the dual effects of pore size screening and charge repulsion, so that the coulombic efficiency and the capacity retention ratio of the vanadium battery are improved.

This invention provides a freeze-resistant and moisture-retaining conductive hydrogel sensor and its preparation method. The hydrogel sensor is prepared by room-temperature free radical polymerization of acrylic monomer, ferric salt, sulfonated polymer microspheres, lithium salt, glycerol, a redox initiation system, and deionized water. The polymer microspheres are polystyrene microspheres or styrene copolymer microspheres. The ferric salt is preferably ferric chloride hexahydrate, the lithium salt is preferably lithium chloride, and the redox initiation system is preferably an ammonium persulfate / sodium sulfite system. This invention significantly improves the conductivity, mechanical properties, and low-temperature freeze-resistant properties of the hydrogel by introducing sulfonated polymer microspheres, ferric salt, and lithium salt into the polyacrylic acid hydrogel system and combining them with a glycerol antifreeze system to construct a composite structure with ion conduction channels and a dynamic ion crosslinking network.