37results about How to "Inhibit water swelling" patented technology

The invention belongs to the field of polymer anion exchange membranes and preparation thereof, and particularly relates to polyarylethersulfone containing multiple flexible side chain quaternary ammonium salt structures, and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, performing bromination and Suzuki coupling on 4,4'-difluorodiphenyl sulfone to prepare an active difluorosulfone monomer containing an octamethoxy structure; then, performing copolycondensation on the monomer, 4,4'-difluorodiphenyl sulfone and biphenol to prepare polyarylether sulfone containing a polymethoxy structure, further utilizing a demethylation reaction to convert the prepared polyether sulphone containing the polymethoxy structure into a polymer containing a hydroxylstructure, and finally utilizing a Williamson reaction to react the polymer containing the hydroxyl structure with (5-bromopentyl)trimethylammonium bromide to obtain the polyethersulfone containing multiple flexible side chain quaternary ammonium salt structures. The polyarylethersulfone has excellent film-forming property, and the prepared polymer film has high alkali-resistant stability, ionicconductivity and dimensional stability, and has important potential application value in application of alkaline fuel cells.

The invention discloses an inorganic-organic composite film. A support is made of inorganic porous materials and comprises organic materials and cross-linking agents which sequentially coat the support, the thickness of the inorganic porous materials is 1mm-3mm, the thickness of the organic materials is 10-50 micrometers, and the pore diameter of the inorganic-organic composite film is 0.001-1 micrometer. The inorganic-organic composite film has high-strength, impact-resistant, high-precision and high-selectivity filtration performances, and is excellent in renewability. According to a preparation method of the inorganic-organic composite film, after prepared organic material casting solution and the cross-linking agents are poured into a tank, the surfaces of the inorganic porous materials are sequentially coated with the organic material and the cross-linking agents in a spin coating mode, film preparation procedures are finished, operation is simple and convenient, controllability is strong, and stability is high.

The invention discloses a sulfur-free or low-sulfur wet processing method of konjac finemeal. The sulfur-free or low-sulfur wet processing method of the konjac finemeal comprises the following steps: finely cleaning and peeling fresh konjac, crushing, whipping by using low-concentration alcohol which is added with citric acid or citric acid and sodium sulfite, performing liquid-solid separation, repeating for several times, rinsing and dewatering by using new alcohol with a relatively high concentration, performing liquid-solid separation to obtain wet finemeal, decompressing and desolventizing the wet finemeal, drying to obtain dry finemeal, and grinding the dry powder as required into commercial finemeal or micropowder, wherein clear alcohol obtained by centrifuging the generated waste alcohol can be used in next production, and the obtained solid residue can be dried to obtain side product konjac ash power. The sulfur-free or low-sulfur wet processing method of the konjac finemeal has the characteristics as follows: no sulfur-containing chemical reagent or only a small amount of sulfur-containing chemical reagent is used; the color-protecting cost is reduced; the alcohol consumption is low; the quality of the finemeal is high; the side product konjac ash power is low in alkaloid content and free from stench and can be used as animal feed or even a food raw material; the sulfur-free or low-sulfur wet processing method is free from environment pollution and relatively low in relative processing cost; therefore, the sulfur-free or low-sulfur wet processing method is suitable for being popularized and applied.

The invention relates to a bentonite modifier which comprises a water soluble inorganic matter thiosulfate, an organic matter alcohol compound and an amine compound. The modifier is formed by uniformly mixing and dissolving the water soluble inorganic matter thiosulfate, the organic matter alcohol compound and the amine compound with water at a mass ratio of (0.5-1):(0.5-1):(0.5-1):(0.5-1.5). The bentonite modifier provided by the invention is wide in source of raw materials, simple in preparation method, low in cost and good in economical efficiency. Bentonite modified by the bentonite modifier provided by the invention and used in cement can be used for effectively improving the cement strength and the impermeability and salt corrosion resistances of concrete.

The invention provides a mixed matrix anionic membrane and a manufacturing method thereof, and belongs to the field of battery membrane materials. A hydroxylated hydrophilically modified polymeric material is used as a substrate of the anionic membrane, and a covalent organic framework material loaded with a quaternary ammonium salt is doped. In manufacturing, monomer preparation and polymerization of the covalent organic framework material, hydroxylation hydrophilic modification of a polymer, uniform mixing of the covalent organic framework material and hydroxylated modified polymer, flow film formation are performed in sequence, and finally, an anion-exchange membrane is obtained by alkali treatment. The covalent organic framework material is loaded with quaternary ammonium groups, and can effectively improve ionic conductivity. A porous structure of the covalent organic framework can increase free volume in the membrane to promote transfer of hydroxyl, and the rigid framework can significantly inhibit swelling in the membrane. Hydroxylamine groups can improve hydrophilicity of the membrane and promote formation of a good hydrated ion channel, and meanwhile the polar hydroxylamine group can promote compatibility between the polymer and the covalent organic framework material. The anionic membrane has better dimensional stability.

The present invention discloses a sulfur-free synthetic processing wet method of konjac refined powder and belongs to the technical field of agricultural and sideline product processing. The method is characterized in that produced clarified waste alcohol in the previous technology processes is collected without evaporation, alcohol degree is adjusted, the collected alcohol is directly used for extraction of the refined flour, edible citric acid is added into the clarified waste alcohol used for a first time beating and extracting the refined powder, the used waste liquid of the extraction of the refined powder is stirred, the stirred waste liquid is placed, the placed waste liquid is extracted and the extracted wastes liquid is separated to obtain wet ash powder and the clarified waste alcohol, the clarified waste alcohol is used to extract konjac skin residues to extract konjac alkaloid, the alkaloid extract is vacuum concentrated, at the same time, the alcohol is recovered, the alkaloid is subjected to an alcohol precipitation and clarifying during the concentration period of the alkaloid extract. The vacuum technology is used to conduct desolvation and drying of the products, and at the same time, the alcohol is recovered. The obtained refined powder is free of sulfur residues, safe and hygienic. The quality of the refined powder is superior to that of the requirements of special-grade products at national standards. The obtained by-products are low in ash content and alkaloid content, and free of stink odor.

The invention provides a special early strength type admixture for concrete for pre-fabricated members. The technical problem solved by the invention is mainly to provide an admixture capable of improving the early strength of concrete for the pre-fabricated members in winter. The special early strength type admixture mainly comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15-25% of polycarboxylate water reducing type mother liquor, 6-15% of polycarboxylate slump loss resisting type mother liquor, 6-12% of an early strength component, 3-8% of an anti-mud component, 1-3% of an anti-segregation component and the balance of water. The prepared admixture provided by the invention has the outstanding advantages that the water-reducing rate is high and the early strength effect is obvious; the adaptability to cement is good and the effect is also remarkable in the case of high mud content in sand and gravel; the raw materials used for production are free of pungent odor or toxicity and are green and environmentally-friendly; the components are free of chloride ions and have no corrosion or damage effect on reinforcing steel bars of the pre-fabricated members.

The invention discloses an aqueous solution and a powder agent of an intense shale inhibitor for a water-based drilling fluid as well as a preparation method and an inhibitor of the aqueous solution and the powder agent. The intense shale inhibitor for the water-based drilling fluid disclosed by the invention is put into the water-based drilling fluid, redundant negative charges in clay can be neutralized through cation, and hydroxyl in molecules and oxygen atoms on the surface of the clay take a multi-hydrogen-bond function into play. Meanwhile, isolated double-bonds in the molecules and metal ions in the clay take a hydrogen-bond function into play. Therefore, by the means, an adhesion function is effectively improved, water molecules are prevented from entering a clay crystal layer to result hydration, and the purpose that clay minerals are expanded with water is achieved. In a word, the intense shale inhibitor for the water-based drilling fluid has a cation adsorption neutralization function and a hydroxyl adhesion function, has a relatively good inhibition function, in addition is good in dispersibility, is capable of keeping long-term stability, excellent in compound structure stability and is excellent in temperature resistance and salt resistance.

The invention discloses a high-efficiency mud-resistant polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and a preparation method thereof. The high-efficiency mud-resistant polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is prepared by copolymerizing an unsaturated polyether monomer and an unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer body and then carrying out amidation reaction with a polyamine compound, wherein the molar ratio of the unsaturated polyether monomer to the unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer to the polyamine compound is 1:(3-5):(0.3-2.5); the use amount of a catalyst, the use amount of an initiator and the use amount of a chain transfer agent contained in the water reducing agent are 0.03-0.3%, 0.5-1.5% and 0.3-1.5% of the total mass of the unsaturated polyether monomer and the unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer respectively. Experiments prove that the polycarboxylate superplasticizer disclosed by the invention has an excellent water reducing and dispersing effect, can still show better fluidity and retention ability under a lower mixing amount, and has obvious advantages compared with a common polycarboxylate superplasticizer under the condition that the mud content of a concrete raw material is higher.

The invention discloses a polycation side chain type anion exchange membrane prepared based on a soft template method and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of electrodialysis anion exchange membrane materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, brominating polyphenyl ether to prepare brominated polyphenyl ether, then preparing a polycation side chain formed by connecting three quaternary ammonium salts in series through two-step synthesis, and finally preparing the anion exchange membrane from the polycation side chain and the brominated polyphenyl ether through a Michaku reaction, wherein small molecules containing two sulfonic acid groups are introduced and induction is performed through electrostatic acting force to finally prepare the anion exchange membrane through a solution casting method. The polycation side chain type anion exchange membrane can be applied to the field of electrodialysis. The preparation method is simple, the prepared anion exchange membrane has high ion exchange capacity, the membrane can ensure high fixed ion group concentration under low water absorption and high ion exchange capacity, and the selectivity of the anion exchange membrane is improved; besides, the continuous and wide ion channel improves the ion flux of the anion exchange membrane.

The invention relates to the technical field of building admixtures, in particular to a mud-resistant water-retention polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent for machine-made sand concrete and a preparation method of the mud-resistant water-retention polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. According to the mud-resistant water-retention polycarboxylic acid water reducer for the machine-made sand concrete, a copolymerization component comprises one or two of an ester macromonomer, unsaturated monocarboxylic acid, an unsaturated esterification monomer and a cross-linked mud-resistant monomer; wherein the unsaturated esterified monomer is mainly obtained by esterifying caffeic acid and gamma-cyclodextrin. The unsaturated ester monomer is synthesized, and the unsaturated ester monomer and the cross-linked anti-mud monomer are introduced into the polycarboxylic acid water reducer, so that the prepared water reducer has excellent anti-mud water retention performance.

The present invention discloses a konjac detoxification whole powder sulfur-free wet processing method and belongs to the technical field of agricultural and by-product processing. The processing method is characterized in that alcohol content of clarified waste alcohol produced in purification process of the previous process is adjusted to a specific concentration (new alcohol at a specific concentration is directly used in purification-free link); the alcohol is acidified with edible citric acid; the acidified alcohol is used to conduct stirring of diced peeled konjac in a high-speed beater;the obtained konjac slurry is sealed; after the konjac slurry is stirred and soaked for a certain period of time at room temperature, a centrifugal machine or a pressure filter is used to conduct separation of the slurry liquid; then obtained wet powder is stirred and separated using the alcohol, or the process is not conducted; vacuum desolvation and drying are conducted; then the obtained dry powder is ground by a grinding wheel; and the ground powder is sieved to obtain the sulfur-free detoxification whole powder product. The konjac powder obtained by using the method is free of sulfur residues; besides, the konjac detoxification whole powder sulfur-free wet processing method removes most toxic components in the konjac; and the product is safe and hygienic, retains most nutrients of the konjac, has quality superior to requirements of first-class ordinary konjac fine flour or third-class purified konjac fine flour prescribed by national standard, is high in konjac utilization rate and product yield, and can be used as an additive used for processing of non-transparent solid food (bread, biscuits, steamed buns, noodles, etc.).

The invention discloses a soil sacrificial agent for a polycarboxylate superplasticizer and a preparation method of the soil sacrificial agent. The preparation method of the soil sacrificial agent forthe polycarboxylate superplasticizer comprises the following steps: (1) in a protective atmosphere, mixing and stirring styrene and ethanol, conducting heating to 40-45 DEG C, adding an initiator A in batches, simultaneously adding acrylic acid and methallyl alcohol for reaction, conducting heating to 88-92 DEG C after the reaction, and removing redundant ethanol and water to obtain an intermediate product; and (2) adding an initiator B into the intermediate product obtained in the step (1), conducting stirring and heating to 90-95 DEG C, adding ethylene oxide for reaction, adding water for dilution after the reaction is finished, and adjusting the pH value of the system to 5-7. The soil sacrificial agent can effectively inhibit soil from gradually absorbing water and expanding, so that the water demand of concrete is reduced, the problems of quick concrete loss and large pump loss are solved, and the problems of cracking, low strength, poor durability and the like after the concreteis hardened are further solved.

The invention belongs to a multi-hydrogen acid system suitable for reservoir plugging-removing acidification and a preparing method thereof. The multi-hydrogen acid system is prepared from, by weight,30-60 parts of hydrochloric acid, 7-12 parts of multi-hydrogen acid, 3-6 parts of a multipurpose additive, 2-4 parts of a shrinking agent, 1-3 parts of an activating agent, 3-8 parts of an initiatingagent, 2-4 parts of a corrosion inhibitor and 3-52 parts of water; the hydrochloric acid is selected from industrial hydrochloric acid with the HCL content of 28% to 31%; the multi-hydrogen acid is selected from one of citric acid, phosphoric acid, oxalic acid and sulfuric acid or a mixture of citric acid, phosphoric acid, oxalic acid and sulfuric acid; the multipurpose additive is a mixture of afluorocarbon surfactant, potassium amine triacetate, potassium chloride and water; the activating agent is selected from one of a demulsifying agent AE1910, a demulsifying agent 1031 and polyethenoxyether or a mixture of a demulsifying agent AE1910, a demulsifying agent 1031 and polyethenoxy ether; the initiating agent is peracetic acid. The multi-hydrogen acid system has the advantages that theacid liquor activity, H+ mild releasing and the buffering effect are achieved, and the multi-hydrogen acid system is suitable for reservoir plugging-removing acidification.

The invention discloses a manufacturing method capable of inhibiting water encounter swelling of bamboo products. The manufacturing method comprises following steps: chitosan and water are mixed, dried bamboo strips are added, and an obtained mixture is allowed to high temperature standing so as to obtain a first material; urea, calcium lignin sulphonate, and cluster bean are uniformly mixed, andare subjected to aging and uniform grinding, glycerol, epoxy resin, and water are added for stirring, phosphoric acid is added for uniform mixing, filtering is carried out, vacuum drying is carried out until the weight of an obtained material is constant, and then crushing is carried out so as to obtain a second material; the second material, honeysuckle flower powder, a dispersant, and a thickening agent are added into a nanometer polyurethane emulsion for stirring, water, a film forming auxiliary agent, epoxy soybean oil, 3-iodo-2-propynylbutylcarbamate, a wetting agent, and a defoaming agent are added for uniform stirring and filtering so as to obtain a third material; the first material is dried, is subjected to carbonization treatment in a carbide furnace, is filtered, is immersed ina mixed oil, is taken out from the mixed oil, is dried, is coated with the third material, and is subjected to solidifying, drying, and braiding so as to obtain bamboo products.

The invention discloses a road base mixture taking saline-alkali soil as a raw material and a preparation method of a road base, and relates to a road base mixture and a preparation method of a road base. The method aims at solving the problem that existing saline-alkali soil treatment is high in difficulty. The road base mixture is prepared from saline-alkali soil, cement, water, a soil curing agent and a surface alkali inhibitor in parts by weight. The method comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials in parts by weight; and after mixing, performing paving and compacting to form a road base, and spraying a surface alkali inhibitor on the surface of the road base. The road base mixture is prepared from saline-alkali soil, so that the saline-alkali soil can be recycled, resources such as sandstone aggregate used for traditional road construction are saved, and the compressive strength of the obtained road base is not lower than 20Mpa. The method is suitable for preparingthe road base.

The present invention discloses a konjac sulfur-free color protection method and belongs to the technical field of agricultural and sideline product processing. The method is characterized in that one or two organic and/or inorganic acids are used to conduct acidification of new edible alcohol or produced clarified waste alcohol in the previous processing processes (without evaporation recovery), and the acidized alcohol is used for a konjac wet processing to play the anti-browning purposes. The method conducts color protection of the konjac, the acidified alcohol is only needed to conduct a first time processing of the fresh konjac, when the konjac is then subjected to repeated processing, the produced clarified waste alcohol in the previous processing process is only needed, and no acidification is then needed. The konjac refined powder obtained by the method is free of residues, safe and hygienic, has the quality superior to the national standard special grade requirements, and is also free of pollution to the environment.

The invention provides an amphoteric polyether-ether-ketone organic matter and a preparation method thereof, an amphoteric polyether-ether-ketone ion exchange membrane and an iron-chromium redox flow battery. The amphoteric polyether-ether-ketone organic matter comprises a chain segment A, a chain segment B and a chain segment C, R1 and R2 are independently selected from C1-C10 alkyl groups respectively, the molecular weight is 23000-38000, the sulfonation degree is 60-90%, and the amination degree is 1-5%. The amphoteric polyether-ether-ketone membrane provided by the invention has the advantages of good chemical stability, good iron and chromium ion resistance, high conductivity, good temperature resistance, great cost reduction and the like, and can be widely applied to the field of iron-chromium redox flow batteries.